A

Seminar report
On

RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT

At
Submitted
In the fulfillment
For
the award of the Degree
of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Department of Electrical Engineering

Submitted To:

Submitted By:

Er. Harpreet Singh

Ankush Dhanawat

(HOD of EE Dept.)

Roll No: 11EIAEE713

Under the Supervision of

Mr. Anwar Ali Pahat
(Assistant Professor)

Department of Electrical engineering

Institute of Engineering and Technology
Alwar
February -2015
1

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electrical Engineering
North Ext. M.I.A.
Alwar 301030

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Ankush Dhanawat is student of Bachelor of
Technology, 8th Semester of this institute has completed the seminar
(B.Tech. ) titled RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT at
Institute of Engineering and Technology, ALWAR fulfilment of Bachelor
of Technology degree program of Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Alwar. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the above said report has
been prepared by me.

Signature of HOD
Er. Harpreet Singh
(HOD of EE Dept.)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am deeply indebted to many people for the successful completion of this seminar. I have
received the enormous help, guidance and advice from many people. I am grateful to our
college Chairman Dr. V.K. Agrawal, Executive Director Manju Agrawal for providing us
opportunity to study in this institution as well as all necessary facilities.
Our principal Prof. (Dr.) Neelam Sharma has been source of inspiration in my work
sincerely. I also pronounce grateful thanks toward Prof. (Dr.) A.K. Srivastava, Principal
General, IET, Alwar for giving valuable guidance to develop myself.
I extend my profound gratitude towards, Mr. Anwar Ali Pahat & Er Harpreet
Singh, (HOD, Department of Electrical Engineering) for his support throughout the seminar.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to all staff members of Department of EE, IET for their
valuable suggestion and assistance rendering throughout the period of seminar.
Above all i am thankful to my parents, my family for their support and
encouragements and also i am grateful to the God for blessing me and providing eternal
support to me.

Ankush Dhanawat

ABSTRACT
Renewable technologies are considered as clean sources of energy and optimal use of these
resources minimize environmental impacts, produce minimum secondary wastes and are
sustainable based on current and future economic and social societal needs. Sun is the source of
all energies. The primary forms of solar energy are heat and light. Sunlight and heat are
transformed and absorbed by the environment in a multitude of ways. Some of these
transformations result in renewable energy flows such as biomass and wind energy. Renewable
energy technologies provide an excellent opportunity for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission
and reducing global warming through substituting conventional energy sources. In this article a
review has been done on scope of CO2 mitigation through solar cooker, water heater, dryer,
biofuel, improved cook stoves and by hydrogen.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Particulars

Page No.

Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION

1-8

1.1 Renewable Energy

1.2 Overview

1.3 History

1.4 Climate change scenario

1.5 Renewable energy challenges

Chapter-2 RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

9-23

2.1 Solar energy

2.2 Wind power

14

2.3 Bioenergy

16

2.4 Hydropower

22

2.5 Geothermal energy

23

Chapter-3 ENVIRONMENTAL & RENEWABLE ENERGY

24-29

3.1 The most important effects on the environment

25

3.2 Environmental consequences of "renewable" energy

27

Chapter-4 ADVANTAGES AND DISDVANTAGES

30-31

4.1 Advantages of Renewable Energy

30

4.2 Disadvantages of Renewable Energy

30

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

32-33

REFERENCES

34-35

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Figure Name

Page No.

Fig. 1.1

Wind, solar, and biomass are three emerging renewable sources of energy

Fig. 1.2

A schematic illustration of greenhouse effect

Fig. 2.1

Box type solar cooker

10

Fig. 2.2

solar water heater protects the environment

10

Fig. 2.3

Schematic diagram of a solar thermal conversion system

11

Fig. 2.4

Grid connected photovoltaic system

13

Fig. 2.5

Wind Power

14

Fig. 2.6

wind power to electrical power in a wind turbine

16

Fig. 2.7

Schematic of anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure

17

Fig. 2.8

The stages of the methane fermentation process

18

Fig. 2.9

M aterial ows, energy ows, and emissions from the system

18

Fig. 2.10

A biomass-gasier/gas turbine combined cycle

21

Fig. 2.11

Hydropower

22

Fig. 2.12

Geothermal energy

23

Fig. 3.1

Geothermal plant

27