MODULE D.

1 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENT

I.

PURPOSES
1. To determine the beam stiffness for the fixed-end supports and fixed-end
and hinged support (uniform beam).
2. To determine carry over moment

II.

BASIC THEORY
1. Beam stiffness factor for fixed-end supports can be determined with the
following formula:
M 4 .E. I
=

And beam stiffness factor for fixed-end and hinged support can be
determined with the following formula:
M 3.E. I
=

L
2. The value of carry over moment factor is:
M 4 .E. I
=

III.

TOOLS
1. Single-span beam with pedestal-free rotation or can be the fixed-end
support in the horizontal position.
2. The tools as the arm for measuring the moment.
3. The direction that can be adjusted with the angle rotation scale with the
division of 0.1 radian.

PICTURE D.1 The experiment of Moment Distribution Coefficient

Note:
The span of steel beam : 60 cm
The span of the beam : 10.5cm
The value of E : 2.105 kN/m

IV.

THE PROCEDURES
A. The Beam Stiffness
1. Placing the load hanger on the arm of moment support on left side
and inserting the locker on the right side support to avoid the
rotation of (fixed-end and hinged support). Adjusting the rotation
reading to zero on the left side support.
2. Placing a 4 N load on the hanger and writing notes for the angle
rotation reading and then lifting the load and adjusting the rotation
reading again.

Image D.1 Placing the load on the load hanger

3. Performing the step 1 and 2 for 6, 8 and 12 N load.

4. Releasing the locker pin support on the right side and adjusting the
rotation reading on the left side.
5. Performing the 2 and 3 step for hinged-hinged condition.

Picture D.2 The experiment of determining the beam stiffness facto

B. Carry Over

Picture D.3 The experiment of determining Carry Over Moment

1. Placing the load hanger on both the arms of support and adjusting
the rotation reading on the right side and unlocking the two locker
pins.
2. Placing 4 N load on the left side hanger. Adding the load (more less
half of the load on the left side) on the right side hanger until the
rotation reading back to zero. The coefficient of carry over is the
comparison of the amount of load on the right side with the load on
the left side.
3. Lifting the load and adjusting the rotation reading to zero on the
right support.
4. Performing 2, 3 step for 6, 8 and 12 N load.
V.

DATA TABULATION AND CALCULATION

Steel Beam Span

: 25 mm

Beam Span

: 600 mm

: 2.105 (N/mm2)

Moment side

: 105 mm

: 16.67 mm4

There are several formulas to determine the indicatora to find the beam
stiffness, those are shown as:
For both fixed-end supports and hinged and fixed-end support
Moment =M = P . l (N.mm)
K

experimental

theoretical

3. E . I
L

theoretical

4. E.I
L

| KtheoryKexp|

Relative mistake=

Ktheory

X 100

For Carry over

Carry over(experimental) =

R (load)
L(load)

|CO theoryCO exp|

Relative mistake=

Ktheory

X 100

A. Beam Stiffness Factor

For fixed-end and hinged support
No
.

P
(N)

L
(mm)

x
(mm)

M
(N.mm
)

(radia
n)

Kexp
(M/)

Ktheo
(3EI/L)

600

105

210

0.01

21000

16670

600

105

420

0.025

16800

16670

600

105

630

0.035

18000

16670

Relative
Mistake
(%)

K
433
0
130
133
0

25.97
0.78
7.98

Table D.1 Data Tabulation of fixed-end and hinged support

For both hinged supports

No
.

P
(N)

L
(mm)

x
(mm)

M
(N.mm)

(radian)

Kexp
(M/)

Ktheo
(4EI/L)

600

105

210

0.02

10500

22226.67

600

105

420

0.04

10500

22226.67

600

105

630

0.06

10500

22226.67

K
11726.6
7
11726.6
7
11726.6
7

Table D.2 Data Tabulation of both hinged supports

B. Carry Over Moment

No.
1
2
3

Load (N)
Left

Right

1.5
2
3

2
4
6

Carry
Over
(R/L)
1.33
2.00
2.00

Carry
Over
(Theo)
2.0
2.0
2.0

Carry
Over
0.67
0
0

Relative
Mistake
(%)
33.33
0.00
0.00

Relative
Mistake
(%)
52.76
52.76
52.76

Table D.3 Data Tabulation of Carry Over Moment

VI.

ANALYSIS
1. Data Analysis
The title of this experiment is moment distribution coefficient.
This experiment is intended to determine the beam stiffness for the
fixed-end supports and fixed-end and hinged support (uniform beam)
and the carry over moment. Before we do the experiment we have to
prepare the single-span beam from steel (including its supporting tools),
and caliper to measure the dimension of the beam. In the basic theory of
this module D.1 we will measure the stiffness of the both fixed-end
supports and hinged and fixed-end support but on the day of the
experiment we did the experiment on both hinged supports and fixedend and hinged support. First we did the experiment for fixed-end and
hinged support we tried on three different value of the load, we used 2,
4 and 6 N load. With the length of the beam arm 105 mm from each
load we put on the load hanger (left side) we had to record the reading
based on angle rotation reading (). After 2, 4 and 6 N load were
performed, we unloaded the load and moved to the second procedure to
complete this experiment for both hinged supports. The load we used
for the second procedure were also 2, 4, and 6 N load. After that we
recorded all the angle rotation reading () for each load. The last
procedure is to determine the carry over moment for this procedure, we
placed the load hangers in both the arms of the beam. One of the locker
pins was unlocked. We placed the load on both the load hangers as
many as the angle rotation reading will be back to zero. We did it for
about three times and each load hanger on both sides has different
amount of load. The amount of load must be recorded to determine the
carry over moment.

2. Result Analysis
To determine the beam stiffness for the both hinged supports and
fixed-end and hinged support (uniform beam) we will get some data
such as the loads and the angle rotation reading from doing the
experiment. From the load we will get the moment that will be used to
prove the beam stiffness based on the theory
For fixed-end and hinged support:
M 3.E. I
=

L
For both hinged supports:
M 4 .E. I
=

Based on the data tabulation and calculation we get bigger value of

stiffness of beam (experimental) on the fixed-end and hinged support
with the total value of 55800 Nmm/rad. It occurs because the value of
the angle rotation reading on fixed-end and hinged support is smaller
than the value on hinged supports. The values of beam stiffness on
fixed-end and hinged support (experimental) stiffness range from
16800-21000 Nmm/rad while the value of beam stiffness (theoretical) is
16670 Nmm/rad. We can see from the different value between the
theoretical and the experimental value, there must be a percentage of
the relative mistake from 2, 4, and 6 N load which are 25.97 %, 0.78 %
and 7.98 %.
The value of beam stiffness (theoretical) of the both hinged
supports is 22226.67 Nmm/rad and the experimental value is 10500
Nmm/rad for all the three different loads. We can calculate the
percentage of the relative mistake which is 52.67 %. In the last method
to determine the carry over moment, different formula is used and the
data we get after performing the experiment is the load in both the load
hangers. We get the experimental value of carry over moment by doing

the division between the load on the right and the load on the left side.
The value from the experimental range from 1.33 to 2 N while the
moment of carry over (theorical) is 2 N. The relative mistake for the
first load is 33.33 % and 0 % for the second and third load

3. Error Analysis
During the moment distribution coefficient we might have done
something that can affect the result of this experiment, these are below
some mistakes that might occur during experiment:

The misreading of the angle rotation if we see from different

angle that can affect the result of the moment.

The practitioners lack of experience on placing the load on
the load hanger if we put them too hard it can affect the angle
rotation reading.

VII.

CONCLUSION

The comparison between The value of Kexperimental and Ktheoretical for

each load is shown below on fixed-end and hinged support :
No.

Kexp
(M/)

Ktheo
(3EI/L)

1
2
3

21000
16800
18000

16670
16670
16670

4330
130
1330

Relative
Mistake
(%)
25.97
0.78
7.98

Table D.4 K value on fixed-end and hinged support

The comparison between The value of Kexperimental and Ktheoretical for

each load is shown below on both hinged supports :
No.

Kexp
(M/)

Ktheo
(4EI/L)

Relativ
e
Mistake
(%)

1050
0

22226.
67

11726.
67

52.76

2
3

1050
0
1050
0

22226.
67
22226.
67

11726.
67
11726.
67

52.76
52.76

Table D.5 K value on both hinged supports

The comparison between The value of M.Carry overexperimental and

M.Carry overtheoretical for each load is shown below :

No.

Carry
Over
(R/L)

1
2
3

1.33
2.00
2.00

Carry
Over
(Theor
y)
2.0
2.0
2.0

Carry
Over

Relative
Mistake
(%)

0.67
0
0

33.50
0.00
0.00

Table D.6 The

value of carry

over moment

VIII. REFERENCES

Pedoman Praktikum Analisis, Laboratorium Struktur dan Material,

Departemen Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Indonesia:Depok,2015