Quiz 1,2,3,4

Ch1
1.Scientific research can be described as a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific
problem encountered in the work setting, that needs a solution.
Correct Answer : False
2.Research done with the intention of applying the results of the findings to solve specific
problems currently being experienced in an organization is called applied research.
Correct Answer : True
3.Research done chiefly to make a contribution to existing knowledge is called applied research.
4.Applied research has little scientific relevance.
5.Being knowledgeable about research and research methods helps professional managers to
discriminate good from bad research.
6.The manager should make sure while hiring researchers or consultants that the roles and
expectations of both parties are made explicit.
7.An advantage of engaging in an external team to do the research project is that the external team
would stand a better chance of being readily accepted by the employees in the subunit of the
organization where research needs to be done.
8.An advantage of engaging in an internal team to do the research project is that the team would
require much less time to understand the structure, the philosophy and climate, and the
functioning and work systems of the organization.
9.A disadvantage of engaging in an external team to do the research project is that certain
organizational biases of the research team might in some instances make the findings less
objective and consequently less scientific.
10.Ethical conduct applies to the researchers who undertake the research, but also to the
respondents who provide them with the necessary data.
11.The main distinction between applied and basic business research is that the latter does not
have to be carried out in a scientific manner.
12.Identifying the critical issues, gathering relevant information, analyzing the data in ways that
would help decision making, and implementing the right course of action, are all facilitated by
understanding business research.
13.Knowledge gained by the findings of basic research can be applied by organizations to solve
their own problems.
Chapter 2 - The scientific approach and alternative approaches to investigation
1.Precision related to scientific investigation refers amongst others to:

The probability that our estimations are correct.
The idea that a simple model that explains a certain phenomenon has preference over a complex
model.
The closeness of the findings to reality based on a sample.
The fact that a study has a good theoretical base.
Correct Answer : The closeness of the findings to reality based on a sample.

2.Parsimony as a characteristic of scientific investigation refers to:
The probability that our estimations are correct.
The idea that a simple model that explains a certain phenomenon has preference over a complex
model.
The fact that findings are generalizable.
The fact that an investigation has a clear theoretical foundation.
Correct Answer : The idea that a simple model that explains a certain phenomenon has preference
over a complex model.
3.Which of the following characteristics are both related to the rigor of an investigation?
A good theoretical base and a sound methodological design.
Precision and confidence.
Objectivity and parsimony.
Induction and deduction.
Correct Answer : A good theoretical base and a sound methodological design.

4.A deductive investigation starts with an observation of empirical data.
5.An inductive investigation is based on theoretically logical reasoning.
6.Case studies involve in-depth, contextual analyses of similar situations in other organizations,
where the nature and definition of the problem happen to be the same as experienced in the
current situation.
7.Case studies play an important role in the hypothetico-deductive method.
8.Induction is the process of drawing conclusions based on (an interpretation of) the results of
data-analysis.
9.Objectivity refers to the closeness of the findings to reality based on a sample.
10.It is imperative to meet all the hallmarks of science in full even though comparability,
consistency, and wide generalizability are often difficult to obtain in research.
11.Theory testing (deduction) is an essential part of the research process whereas theory
generation (induction) is not.
12.The action research methodology is most appropriate while effecting planned changes.
13.Action research is a constantly evolving project with interplay among problem, solution,
effects or consequences, and new solution.
14.Hypothesis testing is deductive in nature because we test if a general theory is capable of
explaining a particular problem.
15.Ontology is concerned with the nature of knowledge or how we come to know.
16.For a positivist, the world operates by laws of cause and effect that we can discern if we use a
scientific approach to research.
17.The key approach of positivist researchers is observation.
18.Constructionism criticizes the positivist belief that the truth is subjective.
19.Constructionism studies the accounts people give of issues and topics and how people get to
these accounts.
20.The critical realist believes that researchers are inherently biased.
21.Pragmatists see theories and concepts as important tools for finding our way in the world that
surrounds us.
22.Your viewpoint on the nature of knowledge and on how we come to know will have a strong
influence on the research questions you ask, your research design, and the research methods you
will use.
1.Business research as a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific problem
encountered in the work setting. A problem means that something is seriously wrong with a
current situation that needs to be rectified immediately.
2.A problem could also indicate an interest in an issue where finding the right answers might help
to improve an existing situation.
3.A feasible topic for research is specific and focused.
4.Primary data are data that already exist and do not have to be collected by the researcher.
5.A frequent problem in terms of feasibility is that the problem statement is too narrow in scope.
6.Data gathered through existing sources are called secondary data.
7.A problem statement is a clear, precise, and succinct statement of the specific issue that a
researcher wishes to investigate.
8.There are three key criteria to assess the quality of the problem statement: it should be
parsimonious, feasible, and testable.
9.A problem can be defined as any situation where a gap exists between the actual and the
desired ideal states.
10.From an academic perspective research is relevant if nothing is known about a topic.
11.The research objective and the research questions are strongly related.
12.The purpose or objective of the study thus explains how the study is being done.
13.The research objective is the translation of the problem of the organization into a specific need
for information.
14.The statement of the research objective(s) should be brief, but nonetheless communicate
clearly the focus of the project.
15.A problem statement addresses both the why (the specific aim or purpose of the study) and
the what (the central research question or a set of research questions) of the research.
Ch4
1.The functions of the critical literature review are unrelated to the specific research approach that
is taken.
2.In deductive research, a literature review will help the researcher to develop a theoretical
framework and hypotheses.
3.A literature survey ensures that the reliability and validity of the findings of the current research
are enhanced.
4.One of the objectives of preliminary research is that one does not run the risk of reinventing
the wheel.
5.The quality of a literature review depends on a cautious selection and reading of books,
academic and professional journals, reports, theses, conference proceedings, unpublished
manuscripts, and the like.
6.Conference proceedings are very up to date, and for this reason this information source is quite
valuable if you are working in a relatively new area or domain.
7.PhD theses often contain an exhaustive review of the literature in a specific area.
8.The quality of the journal that published an article is an indicator of the quality of a research
article.
9.Online databases display only the bibliographic citations, that is, the name of the author, the title
of the article (or book), source of publication, year, volume, and page numbers.
10.Articles and books that were written thirty or even forty years ago should always be included
in the literature review.
Which of the following does not represent a criterion for assessing the value of
articles or books?
The relevance of the issues that are addressed in the article or book.
The stature of the author of the article or book.
The importance of a book or article in terms of citations.
The year of publication of the article or book.
Correct Answer : The stature of the author of the article or book.

12.In both inductive and deductive research, a review of the literature will help to develop a
conceptual or theoretical background.
13.A critical review of the literature is unnecessary in nearly all research projects.
14.Plagiarism is the use of another's original words, arguments, or ideas as though they were your
own.
15.Plagiarism makes it is difficult for the reader to verify whether your claims about other authors
and sources are accurate.

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Ch1

Chapter 2 - The scientific approach and alternative approaches to investigation

1.Precision related to scientific investigation refers amongst others to:

Correct Answer : The closeness of the findings to reality based on a sample.

Correct Answer : A good theoretical base and a sound methodological design.

Correct Answer : The stature of the author of the article or book.

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