Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTRODUCTION
Background. The data in this handbook were compiled by the Air Force Combat Climatology Center
(AFCCC) at the request of the Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (HQ AFCESA). Sites were
identified by AFCESA, US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the Naval Facilities Engineering
Command (NAVFACENGCOM). Final site selection was based upon availability of climatological
data. Most sites are located at military installations supporting airfield operations or at local
airports/airfields.
Forward questions regarding operation of this CD-ROM or any problems identified to the following
address:
National Climatic Data Center
Climate Services Division
Veach-Baley Federal Building
151 Patton Ave, Rm 120
Asheville NC 28801-5001
Phone: (828) 271-4702
email: orders@ncdc.noaa.gov
Department of Defense agencies and DoD contractors should contact the following:
AFCCC/DOO
151 Patton Avenue, Rm 120
Asheville NC 28801-5002
Phone: (828) 271-4291
email: doo@afccc.af.mil
The information in Engineering Weather Data (EWD) is organized by location. The data for each
location is contained in an 18-page Adobe PDF document. The following sections describe each of the
products contained in EWD. The page number refers to its location in the document.
CLIMATE SUMMARY (page 1)
Location Information. This section contains a summary table which includes site name, location,
elevation (above mean sea level), World Meteorological Organization (WMO) number, period of record
(POR), and average (atmospheric) pressure not corrected to sea level (higher elevations result in lower
pressures). The WMO number is a unique number assigned to every location in the world that takes and
transmits regular weather observations. The POR is the time frame over which the data used to compute
the statistics in this handbook was compiled.
Design Values. Design values are provided for dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and
humidity ratio at specific percentile frequencies of occurrence. The old EWD summer design values of
1, 2.5, and 5 percent were based on the warmest four months of the year. In the United States this was
standardized as June through September. The new design values of 0.4, 1, and 2 percent are based on
the entire year. The old winter design values of 99 and 97.5 percent were based on the three coldest
months of the year (December through February). The new winter design values of 97.5, 99.6 and 99
percent are based on the entire year. In other words, the new design values are annual values not
seasonal values.
In general, for mid-latitude locations with continental climates (hot summer cold winter), there are
some generalizations that can be made about the differences between the old and new values. The new
0.4% annual value is comparable to the old 1% seasonal value. The new 1% annual value is usually
about a degree cooler than the old 2.5% seasonal value. The new 2% annual value is similar to the old
5% seasonal value. The new 99.6% and 99% annual values are generally cooler than the old 99% and
97.5% seasonal values; however, there is more variability between stations.
The new design values were instituted for several reasons. At some locations, the warmest or coldest
months of the year do not fall into the months listed above. It is easier to compare locations that are in
tropical or marine climates where there is less seasonal variability. It is also more straightforward to
compare Southern Hemisphere locations. Finally, this is the same convention used by the American
Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) in their 1997 Handbook
of Fundamentals.
Dry-bulb Temperature:
Median of Extreme Highs (or Lows). The dry-bulb temperature extreme high (or low) is determined
for each calendar year of the POR along with the coincident values for wet-bulb temperature, humidity
ratio, wind speed, and prevailing wind direction. Median values are determined from the distribution of
extreme highs (or lows).
0.4%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 97.5%, 99.0%, and 99.6% Occurrence Design Values. Listed is the dry-bulb
temperature corresponding to a given annual cumulative frequency of occurrence and its respective
mean coincident values for wet-bulb temperature, humidity ratio, wind speed, and prevailing wind
direction. This represents the dry-bulb threshold which exceeded its respective percent of time, taking
into account the entire POR. For example, the 1.0% occurrence design value temperature has been
exceeded only 1% of the time during the entire POR. All the observations occurring within one degree
of the design value are grouped, and the coincident mean values for wet-bulb temperature, humidity
ratio, and wind speed are calculated. The prevailing wind direction (the mode of the wind direction
distribution) is also calculated.
Mean Daily Range. The mean daily range (difference between daily maximum and daily minimum
temperatures) is the average of all daily dry-bulb temperature ranges for the POR.
Wet-Bulb Temperature:
Median of Extreme Highs for wet-bulb temperature is the highest annual extreme wet-bulb
temperature averaged over the POR. The corresponding mean coincident values are determined the same
way as for dry-bulb temperature. 0.4%, 1.0 %, 2.0% occurrence wet-bulb temperature design values
and the corresponding mean coincident values for dry-bulb temperature are determined the same way as
for dry-bulb temperature.
Humidity Ratio:
Median of Extreme Highs for humidity ratio is the highest annual extreme averaged over the POR.
The corresponding mean coincident values are determined the same way as for dry-bulb temperature.
Design values are provided for "Humidity Ratio" at the 0.4%, 1.0%, and 2.0% occurrence and the
corresponding mean coincident values for dry-bulb temperature, vapor pressure, wind speed, and wind
prevailing direction.
Air Conditioning/Humid Area Criteria:
These are the number of hours, on average, that dry-bulb temperatures of 93 F (34 C) and 80 F (27 C)
and wet-bulb temperatures of 73 F (23 C) and 67 F (19 C) are equaled or exceeded during the year.
Other Site Data:
This information is provided for general reference only, and should NOT be used as the basis fordesign.
There are some locations for which this data is not available. In these cases, that portion of the table will
be left blank.
Weather Region. There are eleven weather regions developed by the Department of Energy. The
regions are defined by the range of cooling-degree and heating-degree days.
Ventilation Cooling Load Index. The VCLI is a two-part index which defines the total annual cooling
load for ventilation air by calculating sensible heat load separately from the latent heat load (moisture).
The results are expressed in ton-hours per cubic feet per minute per year of latent and sensible load.
Values for sensible heat load are calculated by comparing the outdoor temperature to indoor conditions
(75 F and 60% relative humidity [RH]), and calculating how much energy is required to bring the
outdoor air to the indoor temperature. The latent load is calculated similarly. Separate calculations are
made for each hour of the year, and them summed to form the annual VCLI (Harriman 1997).
Average Annual Freeze-Thaw Cycles. This is simply the average number of times per year that the air
temperature first drops below freezing and then rises above freezing, regardless of the duration of either
the freezing or thawing. The number of cycles is summed per year, and averaged over the entire POR.
Days with high temperatures or low temperatures at 32 F (0 C) are not counted for a freeze-thaw cycle.
A cycle is counted only when the temperature drops below freezing (31 F [-0.5 C] or colder) or goes
above freezing (33 F [0.5 C] or warmer).
Other Values. The following are derived from sources other than the AFCCC. Engineers and architects
should contact the organizations listed below for current values, including background information and
complete guidelines for use of these data elements.
Groundwater:
The National Groundwater Educational Foundation, 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville OH 43081-8978
Phone: (800) 551-7379
Note: Average groundwater temperature parallels long-term average air temperature, because soil at a
depth of 50 feet (15 meters) does not undergo significant temperature change over the course of a year.
Soil temperature at 50 feet stays slightly warmer than average annual air temperature by about 2.5
degrees Fahrenheit (1.4 degrees Celsius).
Rain Rate:
International Plumbing Code, BOCA International, 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills IL
60478, Phone: (708) 799-2300
Prevailing
Direction
(NSEW)
SSW
S
S
S
NW
NW
NNW
NW
Prevailing
Direction
(NSEW)
S
S
S
S
Prevailing
Direction
(NSEW)
S
S
S
S
Twb > 67oF
1897
IL
120
15
110
14
100
13
90
12
80
11
70
10
60
50
40
30
20
10
-10
-20
-30
0
J
Mean Precipitation
Mean Temperature
Mean Dewpoint
Precipitation (Inch
TemperatureF)
(
IL
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Temperature ( F)
90
100
110
120
160
150
140
IL
180
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Temperature ( F)
(oF)
9
MCHR
(gr/lb)
5.6
(oF)
92
MCHR
(gr/lb)
113.8
Enthalpy
(btu/lb)
3.0
MCWB
(oF)
76.3
Enthalpy
(btu/lb)
40.0
MCDB
(oF)
84.8
MCWB
(oF)
77.6
MC Dewpt
(oF)
75
Enthalpy
(btu/lb)
41.3
160
Temperature
Range
(oF)
100 / 104
95 / 99
90 / 94
85 / 89
80 / 84
75 / 79
70 / 74
65 / 69
60 / 64
55 / 59
50 / 54
45 / 49
40 / 44
35 / 39
30 / 34
25 / 29
20 / 24
15 / 19
10 / 14
5/ 9
0/ 4
-5 / -1
-10 / -6
-15 / -11
-20 / -16
January
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To Total
08
16
00
Obs
0
1
2
4
5
17
34
51
35
32
25
18
12
7
3
2
0
0
1
1
4
7
11
18
30
38
42
34
24
18
10
6
3
1
0
0
0
1
4
7
12
26
40
51
34
28
21
13
7
4
1
0
0
0
1
2
6
13
22
35
72
112
143
102
84
64
41
26
13
5
2
1
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
59.5
58.0
54.6
51.7
46.9
42.1
38.1
33.7
29.5
24.5
19.7
15.1
10.4
5.7
0.9
-3.3
-7.4
-12.7
-16.9
February
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To
Total
08
16
00
Obs
1
4
5
9
22
39
42
37
21
15
14
9
4
1
1
0
0
2
4
8
12
15
22
33
38
30
25
16
9
7
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
4
8
11
19
29
41
39
28
17
13
8
4
1
0
0
1
2
5
13
24
31
50
84
119
111
90
54
37
29
15
6
1
1
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
60.7
58.2
54.8
53.0
50.2
45.5
41.8
37.8
33.7
29.2
24.5
19.7
15.1
10.6
6.0
1.4
-2.8
-7.9
-11.4
March
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To
Total
08
16
00
Obs
0
2
9
14
21
33
38
43
43
28
11
3
1
1
0
0
3
6
12
16
21
27
33
35
34
31
19
9
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
5
12
17
24
33
37
38
34
28
13
3
1
1
0
0
3
7
17
30
47
65
87
105
111
108
89
50
16
5
2
1
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
65.0
64.4
62.2
60.3
57.2
54.2
50.3
46.2
42.3
37.8
33.4
29.2
24.5
20.1
15.4
11.0
6.3
0.5
Caution: This summary reflects the typical distribution of temperature in a typical year. It does not reflect the
typical moisture distribution. Because wet bulb temperatures are averaged, this summary understates the annual
moisture load. For accurate moisture load data, see the long-term humidity summary and the ventilation and
infiltration load pages in this manual.
Temperature
Range
(oF)
100 / 104
95 / 99
90 / 94
85 / 89
80 / 84
75 / 79
70 / 74
65 / 69
60 / 64
55 / 59
50 / 54
45 / 49
40 / 44
35 / 39
30 / 34
25 / 29
20 / 24
15 / 19
10 / 14
5/ 9
0/ 4
-5 / -1
-10 / -6
-15 / -11
-20 / -16
April
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To Total
08
16
00
Obs
0
4
13
31
34
41
46
35
21
13
3
0
1
3
13
20
28
34
39
35
30
21
12
4
1
0
0
1
3
9
19
31
36
41
37
30
20
9
4
0
1
4
16
29
52
78
105
109
107
97
66
34
18
3
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
70.9
67.7
65.8
63.9
60.8
58.1
54.7
50.5
46.5
42.4
38.1
33.8
29.8
25.3
21.5
May
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To
08
16
00
0
5
19
46
55
48
37
27
8
3
0
0
4
18
34
43
49
43
32
18
5
2
0
1
4
13
27
42
51
46
35
21
7
2
0
Total
Obs
0
4
22
47
75
110
140
134
100
63
36
10
3
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
76.0
72.7
70.6
68.2
65.7
63.2
60.5
56.8
52.6
48.1
43.9
39.2
35.1
30.8
June
Hour
M
Group (LST)
C
01
09
17
W
To
To
To
Total
B
08
16
00
Obs
(oF)
1
0
1 75.6
4
1
5 75.6
0
28
8
35 75.1
1
54
21
76 73.1
9
60
40
109 70.5
32
47
55
134 68.6
68
29
56
153 66.6
60
11
34
105 62.8
41
5
18
64 58.4
21
1
5
28 54.3
6
1
7 49.7
1
1 46.3
Caution: This summary reflects the typical distribution of temperature in a typical year. It does not reflect the
typical moisture distribution. Because wet bulb temperatures are averaged, this summary understates the annual
moisture load. For accurate moisture load data, see the long-term humidity summary and the ventilation and
infiltration load pages in this manual.
Temperature
Range
(oF)
100 / 104
95 / 99
90 / 94
85 / 89
80 / 84
75 / 79
70 / 74
65 / 69
60 / 64
55 / 59
50 / 54
45 / 49
40 / 44
35 / 39
30 / 34
25 / 29
20 / 24
15 / 19
10 / 14
5/ 9
0/ 4
-5 / -1
-10 / -6
-15 / -11
-20 / -16
July
Hour
M
Group (LST)
C
01
09
17
W
To
To
To Total
B
08
16
00
Obs
(oF)
2
0
2 77.5
14
3
18 77.9
0
49
15
64 76.9
2
68
31
102 74.6
19
63
56
138 72.6
63
34
67
163 71.1
86
14
48
149 68.3
48
3
20
71 63.7
22
1
6
29 58.9
7
1
8 54.8
1
0
1 51.2
August
Hour
M
Group (LST)
C
01
09
17
W
To
To
To
Total
B
08
16
00
Obs
(oF)
1
0
1 77.8
10
1
12 78.4
35
8
43 77.1
1
61
21
83 74.3
9
65
45
118 72.0
43
46
64
153 70.6
76
25
60
160 67.8
61
6
32
99 63.5
38
1
13
52 59.2
16
0
3
19 54.9
3
0
4 50.4
0
0
0 45.8
September
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To Total
08
16
00
Obs
0
1
11
41
46
46
42
30
16
6
1
0
2
11
28
46
48
44
30
18
8
3
0
0
2
6
17
35
51
44
38
27
14
5
2
0
2
12
34
64
94
137
120
103
77
47
21
7
2
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
76.7
75.1
72.6
70.0
68.1
65.7
61.8
57.6
53.4
49.1
44.9
40.2
36.1
31.5
Caution: This summary reflects the typical distribution of temperature in a typical year. It does not reflect the
typical moisture distribution. Because wet bulb temperatures are averaged, this summary understates the annual
moisture load. For accurate moisture load data, see the long-term humidity summary and the ventilation and
infiltration load pages in this manual.
Temperature
Range
(oF)
100 / 104
95 / 99
90 / 94
85 / 89
80 / 84
75 / 79
70 / 74
65 / 69
60 / 64
55 / 59
50 / 54
45 / 49
40 / 44
35 / 39
30 / 34
25 / 29
20 / 24
15 / 19
10 / 14
5/ 9
0/ 4
-5 / -1
-10 / -6
-15 / -11
-20 / -16
October
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To Total
08
16
00
Obs
1
3
17
30
37
44
46
36
23
9
2
0
4
13
26
35
41
43
37
29
15
4
1
0
0
1
6
19
33
39
47
40
34
19
8
2
0
0
4
14
33
57
91
112
121
113
95
59
33
11
2
M
C
W
B
(oF)
69.4
68.0
66.7
64.3
62.1
59.6
55.6
51.3
47.1
43.0
39.0
34.6
30.5
25.9
November
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To
Total
08
16
00
Obs
0
2
12
15
23
31
39
44
40
20
9
3
1
0
0
3
8
15
23
28
32
38
39
31
14
5
2
1
0
0
2
8
18
22
29
36
42
41
28
10
4
1
0
0
3
11
26
53
65
84
105
119
117
82
35
14
5
2
0
M
C
W
B
(oF)
61.2
62.8
61.9
59.4
56.5
51.0
46.7
42.6
38.0
33.7
29.5
25.0
20.3
15.4
10.8
7.5
December
Hour
Group (LST)
01
09
17
To
To
To
Total
08
16
00
Obs
1
2
6
8
12
27
42
52
39
25
16
9
4
3
2
1
0
1
3
8
11
17
27
40
48
41
23
12
7
6
2
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
8
11
18
35
50
48
34
17
9
6
3
2
1
1
0
1
4
13
26
36
58
102
140
140
96
54
33
20
10
6
3
2
1
M
C
W
B
(oF)
62.9
59.5
56.2
52.4
46.7
42.6
38.1
33.9
29.5
24.7
20.1
15.4
10.6
5.9
1.2
-3.5
-7.3
-12.0
Caution: This summary reflects the typical distribution of temperature in a typical year. It does not reflect the
typical moisture distribution. Because wet bulb temperatures are averaged, this summary understates the annual
moisture load. For accurate moisture load data, see the long-term humidity summary and the ventilation and
infiltration load pages in this manual.
Temperature
Range
(oF)
100 / 104
95 / 99
90 / 94
85 / 89
80 / 84
75 / 79
70 / 74
65 / 69
60 / 64
55 / 59
50 / 54
45 / 49
40 / 44
35 / 39
30 / 34
25 / 29
20 / 24
15 / 19
10 / 14
5/ 9
0/ 4
-5 / -1
-10 / -6
-15 / -11
-20 / -16
Annual Totals
Hour
M
Group (LST)
C
01
09
17
W
To
To
To Total
B
08
16
00
Obs
(oF)
3
0
3 77.1
31
5
37 77.7
0
127
32
160 76.3
4
236
84
325 73.5
37
296
176
509 70.8
154
274
263
690 68.7
298
247
303
848 65.7
296
207
267
770 61.1
288
201
241
730 56.5
246
184
224
654 51.8
223
175
205
602 47.0
228
179
197
603 42.7
227
192
211
631 38.1
250
192
224
667 33.8
251
146
199
596 29.4
163
95
120
379 24.6
99
54
69
222 19.9
63
36
46
145 15.2
43
24
28
95 10.5
26
11
14
51
5.9
14
5
7
25
1.1
6
2
2
10
-3.3
3
1
1
6
-7.5
1
0
0
2 -12.2
0
0
0 -16.9
Caution: This summary reflects the typical distribution of temperature in a typical year. It does not reflect the
typical moisture distribution. Because wet bulb temperatures are averaged, this summary understates the annual
moisture load. For accurate moisture load data, see the long-term humidity summary and the ventilation and
infiltration load pages in this manual.
IL
Temperature F)
(
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
SCOTT AFB/BELLEVILLE
IL
23-Dec
9-Dec
25-Nov
11-Nov
28-Oct
14-Oct
30-Sep
16-Sep
2-Sep
19-Aug
5-Aug
22-Jul
8-Jul
24-Jun
10-Jun
27-May
13-May
29-Apr
15-Apr
1-Apr
18-Mar
4-Mar
18-Feb
4-Feb
21-Jan
-20
7-Jan
-10
1.0% Max HR
Mean Max HR
Mean Min HR
23-Dec
9-Dec
25-Nov
11-Nov
28-Oct
14-Oct
30-Sep
16-Sep
2-Sep
19-Aug
5-Aug
22-Jul
8-Jul
24-Jun
10-Jun
27-May
13-May
29-Apr
15-Apr
1-Apr
18-Mar
4-Mar
18-Feb
4-Feb
21-Jan
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
220
210
200
190
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
7-Jan
MCWB @
1% Temp (oF)
49.4
50.9
53.8
54.6
55.4
55.2
53.6
52.4
61.1
64.8
61.0
58.3
64.0
63.3
64.4
66.4
68.9
66.9
69.5
71.6
71.3
72.9
72.7
76.0
74.8
77.5
77.8
79.3
77.3
78.7
76.9
77.7
79.6
77.6
76.6
73.9
74.3
75.6
74.1
68.4
66.7
66.1
65.1
63.6
60.5
62.1
59.6
61.3
55.5
57.9
57.4
58.5
Mean Max
Temp (oF)
34.7
35.2
37.2
41.4
39.2
37.7
42.4
47.9
48.6
51.7
54.4
55.6
59.3
61.4
65.5
68.8
69.5
70.3
73.6
76.6
77.9
79.7
82.7
85.6
86.2
87.3
88.0
89.0
89.0
87.6
87.0
86.4
86.8
86.7
85.1
83.3
80.5
76.7
75.5
73.1
69.9
66.7
64.7
61.6
55.9
54.4
51.3
48.0
44.9
43.7
40.3
38.9
Mean Min
Temp (oF)
20.9
20.1
21.7
24.9
23.1
21.0
25.9
30.0
30.6
32.5
35.6
36.9
40.8
40.6
44.9
48.7
49.1
49.9
53.2
55.6
58.1
60.1
62.9
64.4
66.0
66.8
67.7
69.6
69.0
68.2
66.8
66.4
67.0
65.6
64.5
62.5
59.6
56.0
53.1
49.8
47.8
45.9
44.2
43.1
37.3
36.8
34.7
32.7
29.9
28.3
24.6
24.6
99%
Temp (oF)
2.0
0.0
-7.0
6.0
-1.0
2.0
8.0
11.0
12.0
17.0
22.0
21.0
26.0
29.0
31.0
34.0
37.0
39.0
42.0
46.0
48.0
49.0
53.0
53.0
55.0
58.0
58.0
59.0
60.0
60.0
58.0
56.0
57.0
58.0
52.0
51.0
48.0
41.0
41.0
37.0
35.0
33.0
32.0
25.0
21.0
21.0
22.0
17.0
12.0
5.0
-4.0
-1.0
1.0%
MCDB @
HR (gr/lb) 1% HR (oF)
49.0
49.6
60.9
55.6
65.1
58.9
60.9
57.9
67.9
57.4
52.5
55.8
63.0
58.8
63.7
59.4
79.8
69.1
87.5
69.5
87.5
68.1
77.0
67.0
91.0
68.6
85.4
71.3
92.4
71.8
94.5
73.4
98.0
80.3
98.0
73.7
109.2
76.3
124.6
82.5
120.4
82.3
125.3
81.8
130.2
83.2
134.4
86.4
134.4
85.0
137.9
85.3
147.7
88.4
147.7
87.9
142.8
86.9
147.7
87.2
142.8
88.1
143.5
86.4
148.4
88.2
137.9
85.6
142.8
87.1
129.5
85.4
128.8
81.6
124.6
83.7
121.1
81.9
112.7
78.9
108.5
76.0
97.3
73.0
97.3
69.8
96.6
69.3
84.7
66.5
91.0
66.0
84.7
65.4
88.2
67.2
73.5
60.5
69.3
62.2
67.2
58.4
72.1
61.4
Mean Max
HR (gr/lb)
22.6
22.7
25.8
28.2
26.6
23.2
28.6
32.8
33.3
37.5
40.2
40.6
47.2
47.3
54.6
62.9
61.4
63.2
72.6
79.7
84.5
90.1
97.4
100.9
107.7
109.6
114.8
119.9
117.9
119.4
113.5
112.6
115.6
109.9
106.3
99.7
91.1
84.0
75.5
67.9
63.9
57.4
54.1
53.3
43.0
43.4
40.4
37.7
32.2
32.0
29.3
27.7
Mean Min
HR (gr/lb)
12.8
12.2
14.8
15.8
15.4
13.1
16.7
19.2
19.8
21.9
24.1
24.0
29.8
28.0
33.7
39.9
39.9
41.2
49.5
55.6
59.9
65.4
71.8
75.5
80.7
82.2
85.5
92.4
90.8
89.2
86.0
84.9
88.3
82.6
80.3
73.6
65.2
58.2
52.0
44.9
41.7
37.9
35.5
34.1
26.6
26.5
23.6
22.1
19.3
18.5
15.9
16.4
IL
(Base 65 F)
1000
500
Degree Days F)
(
0
-500
-1000
-1500
-2000
-2500
-3000
J
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
ANN
Mean Cooling
Degree Days (oF)
0
1
13
50
137
314
418
354
188
52
7
0
1534
Mean Heating
Degree Days (oF)
1094
879
634
312
122
21
6
14
87
298
608
942
5017
IL
Load (Btu/cfm
10000
0
-10000
-20000
-30000
-40000
-50000
-60000
-70000
-80000
J
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
ANN
Average Sensible
Cooling Load
(Btu/cfm)
0
0
34
227
843
2828
4255
3285
1350
215
8
0
13045
Average Sensible
Heating Load
(Btu/cfm)
-30775
-24966
-18713
-9959
-4462
-981
-341
-705
-3230
-9619
-18010
-26811
-148572
Average Latent
Cooling Load
(Btu/cfm)
1
3
57
222
1787
6087
11159
9343
3729
515
85
10
32998
Average Latent
Heating Load
(Btu/cfm)
-5940
-4532
-2613
-826
-87
-1
0
0
-24
-527
-2268
-4609
-21427
ST. LOUIS
MO
13994
38.75
90.38
564
Stn Type:
Secondary
SHADING GEOMETRY IN DIMENSIONLESS UNITS
Window:
1
Overhang:
0.498
Vert Gap:
0.314
AVERAGE INCIDENT SOLAR RADIATION (Btu/sq.ft./day), Percentage Uncertainty =
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
HORIZ
Global
690
930
1230
1590
1860
Std Dev
56
69
98
135
138
Minimum
550
800
1060
1370
1550
Maximum
780
1070
1430
1930
2180
Diffuse
340
460
590
710
810
Clear Day
Global
950
1300
1760
2230
2520
NORTH
Global
210
280
360
440
550
Diffuse
210
280
360
430
500
Clear Day
Global
190
250
330
430
580
EAST
Global
460
590
750
920
1060
Diffuse
260
340
440
530
600
Clear Day
Global
710
910
1150
1340
1440
SOUTH
Global
1080
1110
1060
970
830
Diffuse
370
440
500
540
560
Clear Day
Global
1930
1970
1770
1380
1040
WEST
Global
470
600
740
920
1040
Diffuse
260
340
440
530
610
Clear Day
Global
710
910
1150
1340
1440
9
Jun
2030
114
1830
2350
840
2630
630
530
680
1140
640
1460
780
570
890
1110
650
1460
Jul
2020
120
1750
2240
810
2550
600
520
630
1130
620
1430
820
570
950
1120
630
1430
Aug
1800
110
1570
1960
730
2290
490
460
470
1050
570
1340
950
560
1210
1030
580
1340
Sep
1460
112
1190
1690
600
1870
380
380
360
880
470
1170
1110
520
1580
880
480
1170
Oct
1100
98
870
1250
430
1400
290
290
270
710
360
940
1220
440
1840
700
360
940
Nov
720
69
590
870
350
1000
220
220
200
470
270
730
1020
360
1870
480
270
730
Dec
580
57
490
710
300
840
190
190
170
390
230
640
940
330
1860
390
230
640
Year
1340
42
1280
1480
580
1780
390
370
380
800
440
1110
990
480
1520
790
450
1110
Oct
770
200
180
500
450
870
770
490
440
Nov
480
150
140
320
290
760
730
330
300
AVERAGE INCIDENT ILLUMINANCE (klux-hr) FOR MOSTLY CLEAR AND MOSTLY CLOUDY CONDITIONS, Percentage Uncertainty = 9
March
June
9am
11am
1pm
3pm
5pm
9am
11am
1pm
HORIZ.
M.Clear
40
73
82
64
26
48
84
101
M.Cloudy
23
45
52
40
16
32
61
76
NORTH
M.Clear
10
14
15
13
8
19
16
17
M.Cloudy
9
16
17
14
7
15
18
19
EAST
M.Clear
75
56
15
13
8
78
72
31
M.Cloudy
25
30
17
14
7
40
49
27
SOUTH
M.Clear
40
73
82
64
26
12
31
45
M.Cloudy
17
36
43
32
12
12
26
37
WEST
M.Clear
10
14
24
67
64
12
16
17
M.Cloudy
9
16
21
33
22
12
18
19
M.Clear
(% hrs)
32
28
27
28
29
43
39
32
Sept
Dec
9am
11am
1pm
3pm
5pm
9am
11am
1pm
HORIZ.
M.Clear
29
68
86
78
47
16
42
48
M.Cloudy
17
42
58
53
31
9
25
28
NORTH
M.Clear
9
14
16
15
12
6
10
11
M.Cloudy
7
15
18
17
12
4
10
11
EAST
M.Clear
65
70
28
15
12
42
39
11
M.Cloudy
23
36
23
17
12
11
18
11
SOUTH
M.Clear
21
57
75
67
37
39
82
88
M.Cloudy
11
31
45
41
21
10
29
32
WEST
M.Clear
9
14
16
54
74
6
10
22
M.Cloudy
7
15
18
35
35
4
10
14
M.Clear
(% hrs)
47
47
41
41
43
31
30
30
Dec
370
130
110
270
240
700
680
270
240
Year
950
260
230
560
490
680
560
560
490
3pm
96
71
17
19
17
19
41
33
53
41
29
5pm
67
49
15
16
15
16
19
18
78
50
34
3pm
30
17
8
7
8
7
63
20
50
17
30
5pm
2
2
1
1
1
1
6
2
9
2
32
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
NNE
NE
ENE
E
WSW
ESE
SW
SE
SSW
SSE
S
>34 knots
25-34 knots
15-24 knots
6-14 knots
1-5 knots
From the above sample wind summary chart, the percent frequency of wind between 1-5 knots and from
the north (N) is about 3%. The percent frequency of wind between 6-14 knots and from the northwest
(NW) is about 5% (7% - 2%). The percent frequency of all wind speeds from the south (S) is about
12%. The percent frequency of all wind directions from the west through north (W, WNW, NW, NNW,
and N) is about 38% (5% + 7% + 8% + 8% + 10%, respectively). It is easy to determine that wind
speeds greater than 34 knots almost never occur (or are such a small frequency from any direction),
because the colored area (yellow) is not shown or is indistinguishable because it is so small.
The percent of time the wind is calm is indicated in the lower left corner of the chart, in this case
12.82%. When the outermost value from each of the 16 directions are summed and added to the percent
calm the result is 100% (allowing for rounding). Occurrences of variable wind direction are omitted
from the sample before computing percent frequency by direction.
Suggestions for Use. Knowing the probable wind speed and direction in a particular season can be
helpful in construction and mission planning as well as in designing structures which must face severe
wind-driven rain or drifting snow. Engineers designing heating and air conditioning systems which draw
fresh air from the weather, and exhaust-contaminated building air can use these data to minimize the
potential for cross-contamination between supply and exhaust air streams. Also, when accumulation on
roofs of drifting snow is likely, this information can be helpful for locating inlet and exhaust ducts so
they are less likely to be covered by snowdrifts.
Cautionary Note: The wind currents around any building are strongly affected by the geometry of the
building and the topography of the site as well as any surrounding buildings. The wind data used for
these wind summaries are typical of flat and open airfields, where there are no obstructions near the
observation point.
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
NNE
NE
ENE
E
WSW
ESE
SW
SE
SSW
SSE
S
>34 knots
25-34 knots
15-24 knots
6-14 knots
1-5 knots
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
NNE
NE
ENE
E
WSW
ESE
SW
SE
SSW
SSE
S
>34 knots
Percent Calm = 14.93
25-34 knots
15-24 knots
6-14 knots
1-5 knots
14
NNE
12
10
8
NE
6
4
2
0
WNW
W
ENE
E
WSW
ESE
SW
SE
SSW
SSE
S
>34 knots
25-34 knots
15-24 knots
6-14 knots
1-5 knots
15
NNE
NE
10
WNW
W
ENE
WSW
ESE
SW
SE
SSW
SSE
S
>34 knots
Percent Calm = 20.73
25-34 knots
15-24 knots
6-14 knots
1-5 knots