ISSN 2278-3091

Volume 4, No.2, March - April 2015

Hyunjeong Kim et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 4(2), March - April 2015, 31 - 35

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering

Available Online at http://www.warse.org/ijatcse/static/pdf/file/ijatcse05422015.pdf

An Information Provider for Exercise Data using IoT techniques1

Hyunjeong Kim1, Zhanying Jin2, Sujoung Oh3, Minsoo Lee4
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Korea, myhappyi1004@nate.com
2
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Korea, jxy5130@gmail.com
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Korea, crystal7862@ewhain.net
4
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Korea, mlee@ewha.ac.kr

interface description of the IoT based on the increase of

interest in the calorie consumption of these people, we
propose a method that user can know a little easier to consume
calories a day and their calorie consumption.
In fact, because students attending a school or professionals
do not have much time to invest in a movement to walk, we
calculate the calories burned by measuring the time and
distance user have walked. Calories to be consumed per day
were measured by considering the user's gender, age, height,
weight together, to walk calories burned were measured using
a standard officially listed. Using these two measurement
method, we represent how much time people should walk and
how much distance user should walk by calculating the
difference between calories consumed on their long walk in
the calories user need to consume per day. These simple
presentations are easy to know that identify the remaining
amount to achieve its goals to user. Also we calculate the
calorie consumption based on user is underweight,
overweight or normal. This information identifies using the
user's gender, age, height, weight.
We use the Hive for storage and analysis of data necessary
for the method proposed in this paper. Apache Hive provides
data summarization, query and analysis capabilities into the
data warehouse running on Hadoop infrastructure. The
disadvantage of Hive is that it is not suitable for small amount
of jobs, but in this paper, this method is expected that the user
demand will increase then the size of the data will be enough
big. Hives latest version is 0.12.0, and was implemented in
the Java language. Hive stores metadata in the built-in
database, but also provides the option to use other database.
And Hive now support four file formats. Textfile, sequencefile,
orc and rcfile.
Our method is convenient because we only need a smart
phone without the need for another device for measure several
data and watch measurement result. It is not necessary to
understand the user and through the analysis of complex data,
because the result is to be confirmed by a simple UI. Instead of
measuring the total moving distance for each day, we
calculate moving distance based on time. In this reason, we
can analyze user walking patterns. The proposed method in
this paper can be seen through these points that are useful
enough.
The organization of the paper is as follows. In the second
section, we will introduce the related works, and in the third
section, we will provide and explanation of calculating calorie

ABSTRACT
Recently, people have become more and more interested
about their health. For this reason, people want to know how
much calorie they have consumed during exercise.
Considering the user requirements, we suggest an application
to check the calories which is consumed daily. Our program
includes IoT techniques which provides an interface to
interact with devices. The proposed program has several
functions such as the calorie measurement, walking pattern
analysis, and recommendation system. We used hive as the
data collection and analysis tool. To visualize our result, we
implemented our program in an android smart device.
Key words: IoT, Hive, walking data, calorie.
1. INTRODUCTION
IoT(Internet of Thing) is technique to link
human-to-device and device-to-device using internet service.
Using the technique, we can interact with anything such as
smartphone, car, and ATM. Also, device can interact with
other devices based on IoT. The necessary skills for IoT are
the sensing technology, wired and wireless communications
& network infrastructure technology, service interface
technology, security technology, etc. Using these techniques
have been used more and more IoT of ways. Examples of the
technique using the IoT may include: Monitoring of parking
spaces availability in the city, Monitoring of combustion
gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones,
Control remotely the swimming pool conditions, Energy
consumption monitoring and management, Access control to
restricted areas and detection of people in non-authorized
areas.
As people grow interest in health, people began calculating
calorie intake, how many they should burn calorie, calorie
that according to the exercise method rather than just blindly
exercise. Also, people who are interested in the diet are
increased interest in whether people need to consume more
calories much exercise. In this paper, using the service

1
This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through
the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology(No. 2012R1A1A2006850).

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Hyunjeong Kim et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 4(2), March - April 2015, 31 - 35
algorithm and we deal with implementation. In the last
section, we provide the conclusion and further study.

is composed by two words and concepts: Internet and Thing,

where Internet can be defined as the world-wide network of
interconnected computer networks, based on a standard
communication protocol, the Internet suite (TCP/IP), while
Thing is an object not precisely identifiable Therefore,
semantically, Internet of Things means a world-wide
network of interconnected objects uniquely addressable,
based on standard communication protocols.
Definition by [10]: The Internet of Things allows people
and things to be connected Anytime, Anyplace, with
Anything and Anyone, ideally using Any path/network and
Any service.
Fig. 1 illustrates the definition more clearly.

2. RELATED WORKS
In this section, we briefly introduce the IoT paradigm. First,
we present some fundamental information (e.g. how Internet
evolved, what is the IoT), definitions, and IoT applications.
And, we describe Apache Hive, which will be used at our
project. Also we describe e-Health.
2.1 Internet of Things (IoT)
A. Evolution of Internet
In the late 1960s, communication between two computers was
made possible through a computer network [1]. In the early
1980s the TCP/IP stack was introduced. Then, commercial
use of the Internet started in the late 1980s. Later, the World
Wide Web (WWW) became available in 1991 which made the
Internet more popular and stimulate the rapid growth. Web of
Things (WoT) [2], which based on WWW, is a part of IoT.
Later, mobile devices connected to the Internet and formed
the mobile-Internet [3]. With the emergence of social
networking, users started to become connected together over
the Internet. The next step in the IoT is where objects around
us will be able to connect to each other (e.g. machine to
machine) and communicate via the Internet [4].

Figure 1:. Definition of the Internet of Things

B. Definition of IoT
The term Internet of Things was firstly coined by Kevin
Ashton [5] in a presentation in 1998. He has mentioned The
Internet of Things has the potential to change the world, just
as the Internet did. Maybe even more so.. Then the MIT
Auto-ID center presented their IoT vision in 2001 [6]. Later,
IoT was formally introduced by the International
Telecommunication Union(ITU) by the ITU Internet report in
2005 [7].
The IoT encompasses a significant amount of technologies
that drive its vision. In the document, Vision and challenges
for realizing the Internet of Things, by CERP-IoT [8], a
comprehensive set of technologies was listed. IoT is a very
broad vision. The research into the IoT is still in its infancy.
Therefore, there arent any standard definitions for IoT. The
following definitions were provided by different researchers.
Definition by [9]: Things have identities and virtual
personalities operating in smart spaces using intelligent
interfaces to connect and communicate within social,
environment, and user contexts.
Definition by [4]:The semantic origin of the expression

C. Applications
Potentialities offered by the IoT make possible the
development of a huge number of applications, of which only
a very small part is currently available to our society. Many
are the domains and the environments in which new
applications would likely improve the quality of our lives: at
home, while traveling, when sick, at work, etc. These
environments are now equipped with objects with only
primitive intelligence, most of times without any
communication capabilities. Giving these objects the
possibilities to communicate with each other and to elaborate
the information perceived from the surroundings imply
having different environments where a very wide range of
applications can be deployed[11]. These can be grouped into
the following domains:
Transportation and logistics domain
Healthcare domain
Smart environment (home, office, plant) domain
Personal and social domain
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Hyunjeong Kim et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 4(2), March - April 2015, 31 - 35
the user decides which data should be shared with users
application. The Health Application in iOS is the hub for
Health Kit. It gathers health and fitness data collected by
third-party apps (e.g. Apple Health) and accessories and
displays it in one places. The Health app had been tracking
every step I'd taken in the week since turning on the iPhone
for the first time. Walking is the central theme in my health
regiment, and it was great to see the total number of steps
taken each day and the distance covered.
There are two items in the dashboard that detailed my
walking. The first tracked it in number of steps taken, and the
second in distance. The latter indicated both walking and
running distance.

2.2 Apache HIVE

The Apache HIVE [12] is data warehouse infrastructure built
on top of Hadoop for providing data summarization, query,
and analysis. While initially developed by Facebook, Apache
Hive is now used and developed by other companies such as
Netflix. Amazon maintains software fork of Apache Hive that
is included in Amazon Elastic MapReduce on Amazon Web
Services.
Apache Hive supports analysis of large datasets stored in
Hadoops HDFS and compatible file systems such as Amazon
S3 file systems. It provides an SQL-like language called
HIVEQL with schema on read and transparently converts
queries to map/reduce, Apache Tez and in the future Spark.
Apache Hive is higher level query language, so it can
simplifies working with large amounts of data. Also Apache
Hive can lower learning curve then Pig or MapReduce,
because HiveQL is much closer to SQL then Pig, and less trial
and error than Pig.
2.3 e-Health
e-Health [13] is a relatively recent term for healthcare
practice supported by electronic processes and
communication, dating back to at least 1999. Usage of the
term varies: some would argue it is interchangeable with
health informatics with a broad definition covering
electronic/digital processes in health while others use it in the
narrower sense of healthcare practice using the Internet. It
can also include health applications and links on mobile
phones, referred to as m-health. Since about 2011, the
increasing recognition of the need for better cyber-security
and regulation may result in the need for these specialized
resources to develop safer e-Health solutions that can
withstand these growing threats.
In healthcare, the possibilities are so great, that we really need
to imagine a few finite use cases to prioritize and illustrate
likely, near-term scenarios. Today, more than one billion
adults worldwide may be classified as obese, a condition in
which their weight imperils their health.

Figure 2. Health App Dashboard Screenshot

This clearly demonstrates the benefits of Healthkit. Without
any action on the user's part, the iPhone and accessories
produced to work with it track exercise. The Health app
gathers that information and displays a dashboard (see Figure
2) to produce an overview of the monitoring.

A. Apple Health

3. IMPLEMENTAION

Apple Health is one of e-health examples. Apple made a big

deal about the HealthKit initiative kicked off on iOS 8.
HealthKit is digital healthcare platform developed by Apple,
similar to Google Fit. The goal is to have HealthKit work with
third-party apps and accessories to track iPhone owners
health and fitness activities. HealthKit allow apps that
provide health and fitness services to share their data with the
new Health app and with each other. A users health
information is stored in a centralized and secure location and

According to [14] walking for 30 to 60 minutes per day is

recommended for health and weight management. The bodys
basal metabolic rate depends on weight, height and age, basal
metabolism of everybody is different. According to the user
personal data we calculate the accurate time which
recommended walking and alert user kcal consumption at
present. In order to encourage user to complete the walking
mission per day, the system will alert an inspiring message to
user. We assume that our device application system which
gather user personal information and walking data and design
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Hyunjeong Kim et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 4(2), March - April 2015, 31 - 35
the import page of our device application system. Figure 3 is
the user configuration setting page which contain user
personal information. Based on the page we make the user
data which is explained in the part of table schema.

information. We explain the data used in this paper as a table.

Table 1 shows the structure of user data which is used in this
paper.
Table 1 User data
User_id Name Age

Job

Height

Weight

Calori
c

User table contain basic personal information such as users

unique id, name of user, age, job, height, weight, and
BMI(body mass index). BMI is a measure of body fat based on
height and weight that applies to adult men and women[16].
BMI consist of low weight, proper weight, overweight and
obesity. We calculate the value of BMI in Korean site [17].
Table 2 shows the structure of walking data.
Table 2 Walking data
User_id
Date
Start_tim
e

End_time

Distance

Figure 3 User configuration setting page

Walking table contain 5 columns such as user_id, date, start
time, end time and distance. The column of start time is the
starting times which user start walking in and the column of
end time is the ending times which user finish walking in that
day. We can use time information to calculate the time and
caloric which spent on walking.

Figure 4 is the page of recoding time which display the

distance as time goes by. When user press the start button in
the Figure 4 of left side, the system records the starting times
and calculate the sum of the distance that the user go for a
walking in that time. When user press the stop button, the
system records the time that user finish walking and the total
distance that the user go for a walking between starting times
and end time. Based on the page of recoding time, we make
the walking information data which also explain in detail in
table schema part.

3.2 Load data in hive

We load data, make table and retrieve information in hive.
Hive is a data warehouse infrastructure built on top of Hadoop
for providing data summarization, query, and analysis[15].
Figure 5 shows the execution of hive in VMware Workstation
on the top of Hadoop.

Figure 5 Execution of hive

According to the table schema we create table in hive. Figure
6 shows the user table which contain user personal data.

Figure 4 page of recording time

3.1 Table Schema
We make data in csv file which contain user personal
information and walking information. There are two csv file.
One is contain user personal information, the other one
contain the time which spent on walking and distance

Figure 6 User table

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Hyunjeong Kim et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 4(2), March - April 2015, 31 - 35
Figure 7 shows walking table which contain staring times and
end times which spent on walking. The structure of walking
information table based on walking data which is in csv file.

REFERENCES
1.

2.

3.
Figure 7 walking information table
4.

After creating database we load data which is saved in csv file

into user table and walking information table. In order to get
the walking distance, the caloric at present and the distance
which is continue to walk for today, we use simple select
query and join multiple tables. Figure 8 shows the results of
the complex queries.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.
Figure 8 The result of query execution
4.

12.
13.
14.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

We assume that the walking application for smart phone and

design the import page of application. According to the smart
phone application, we create data in csv file and load data in
hive.
In this paper we only consider the caloric which is spent
walking for one day, we can also consider caloric which is
spent eating for one day in future. To get the real walking data
which include a bunch of people walking information, we
may implement the walking application which also contain
the real function.

15.
16.
17.

35

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