www.huawei.

com

March 2011

Contents

tecnologas de acceso vs. standard version (technology acronym)

mobile evolution

clarification of reasons and highlights for each technology

IP ss7, sigtran or all IP

Page 2

Mobile Technology Evolution

1G: 80
Analog

2G: 90
Digital

TDMA

CDMA
WCDMA

GSM

3G
IMT-2000

OFDMA

4G
IMT-2000

UMTS

AMPS
CDMA
IS95

TACS

CDMA2000
LTE

D-AMPS

NMT

IS-136

TD-SCDMA

PDC

WiMAX
16d

Others

Analog Voice

Digital Voice

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16e

Voice & Broadband

Huawei Confidential

Page 3

Broadband

Detail on Telcels Evolution

LTE

UMTS

GSM

D-AMPS
IS-136

AMPS

WCDMA Digital Tech., 5 Mhz carrier

Voice and Data
PS R99, HSPA (HSDPA, HSUPA),
HSPA+

TDMA - Digital Technology, 200 khz carrier

Voice
Circuit Switched Data, CSD
Packet Switched Data, GPRSEDGE

TDMA - Digital Technology, 30 khz carrier

Voice
Circuit Switched Data, CSD
Packet Switched Data, CDPD

FM - Analog Technology, 30khz carrier

Only voice

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Huawei Confidential

Page 4

Digital Modulation

1110000

11111111

Q
Q
10

1100

1111

11
I

01

00

QPSK

0000

0011

16QAM

00001111

00000000
64QAM

SINR
RSCP

Spectral Efficency
bit/Hz

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Huawei Confidential

Page 5

FM, TDMA and CDMA

Single Carrier is used for single user fror the whole time
the communication is on
Power

FM Radio, AMPS

Single Carrier is divided into Time Slots (3 for TDMA and

8 for GSM)
Power

Each user uses one Time Slot

Time Slots are for voice or data

Narow Carrier or WideBand Carrier

Single carrier is shared by different users simultaneously
Power

Each users communication is coded at TX and decoded at

RX
Because is the same frequency each user increases noise
level for the others

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Page 6

LTE: OFDMA and Resource Block

Spectrum Allocation for LTE

Resource Block

15 khz
12 x 15 khz
The whole Spectrum is divided in 15 khz sub carriers, orthogonal to each other (no interference
between them)
Each 12 sub carriers is one Resource Block for transmission during 1 ms.

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Huawei Confidential

Page 7

LTE: Resource allocation in Downlink (OFDMA)

Spectrum is allocated per resource block every

1 ms.
Resource Blocks are allocated by the
scheduler, based on Class of subscriber and
Services QoS
RBs can be continuos or not

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Page 8

LTE: Resource allocation in Uplink (SC-FDMA)

UL uses Single Carrier -FDMA

To save Power Consumption in the UE
To keep Chipset simplicity
RBs in the UL must be continuos, so it seems
as a Single Carrier
EnodeB Scheduling for Uplink

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Huawei Confidential

Page 9

3GPP Network Evolution

LTE Highlights:
-No CS

GERAN
BSS

MSC

BSC

-No RNC/BSC
-ENodeB interconnected
-Differentiated UP and CP

Abis

2G

BTS
GPRS/EDGE
Gb

UTRAN
RNC
Iub

3G

NodeB
UMTS/HSDPA

SGSN + MME

HSS

S6

EUTRAN

S1-MME

Gn / S11

S1-U

Gi / SGi

LTE
LTE

GGSN + SGW+PGW

eNodeB
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Page 10

LTE Network Architecture

Evolved
Packet Core

E-RAN
eNodeB

HSS

Control plane
User plane

S6a

PCRF
LTE

S1-MME
S9

S10

MME

X2

S1-U

Gx

S11

Operator Service
Network

S1-MME

LTE
S5/S8

S1-U

eNodeB

Serving GW

PDN GW

Corporate
Services

E-NodeB Becomes smarter

-RRM
-Scheduler
-LTE specific features
-HO & IRAT HO
-SON support and
implementation

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Internet

SGi

ALL-IP flat network architecture

Flexible deployment options for centralized services and local
breakout for internet access
Scalable architecture for capacity growth

Huawei Confidential

Page 11

Key Technologies in LTE

System Bandw idth
Sub-carriers

Sub-frame

Frequency

Time frequency
resource for User 1

DL
OFDMA
173M

Time frequency
resource for User 2

Time

Time frequency
resource for User 3

RB=12x15khz

Data

MIMO

Streaming

Channel

System Bandwidth
Single Carrier
Sub-frame

Frequency

Time frequency
resource for User 1

UL
SC-FDMA
84M

Time frequency
resource for User 2

Time

Time frequency
resource for User 3

OFDMA / DL
SC-FDMA / UL

MIMO (Multiple input Multiple Output) for

UL & DL
Increased link capacity
Multi-Users MIMO (UL)
Overcome multi-path interference

MIMO

LTE
Scalable
Bandwidth

64QAM

Scalable Bandwidth

Higher Modulation Technology

increase bandwidth

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BW

1.4Mhz

3 Mhz

5 Mhz

10 Mhz

15 Mhz

20 Mhz

RB

15

25

50

75

100

#SC

72

180

300

600

900

1200

Huawei Confidential

Page 12
Page 12

LTE Upper Layer Technologies

Power

2
2
7
7

Cell 1

Power
4
4

Silent period

Talk
spurt
s

RR
Fairness

SID frame

Cell 2,4,6

Frequency

20ms

5
5
Power

Talk
spurt
s

Frequency

3
3
1
1

6
6

Trans
ient
perio
d

160ms

Dynamic
Semi-Static

Cell 3,5,7

Frequency

HARQ/ARQ
1ms TTI
PWR CTRL
ICIC

Scheduling

Interference
control

PF

Throughput
Max C/I

Delay
EDF

LTE
ANR: Automatic Neighbor Relation

SON

Mobility

Self-Config.: Quick Deployment

Network Control HO
IRAT Mobility

File Server
S/W

LTE
Coverage

Config

M2000, DHCP

PS Hand over

Config
S/W

2G/3G Coverage

eNodeB

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Huawei Confidential

Page 13

EPC Key Network Technologies

MME selection

Application / Service Layer

UL Traffic Flow Aggregates
UL-TFT
UL-TFT RB-ID
RB-ID S1-TEID

UE

MME Pool

DL-TFT
DL-TFT S5/S8-TEID
S1-TEID S5/S8-TEID

S1 Bearer

PDN-GW selection

PDN GW

SGW Pool

S5/S8 Bearer

PDN-GW
Pool

(EPS Bearer)

dynamic policy
charging control

Operators
IP Service

SGW selection

Serving GW

eNodeB
eNB
Radio Bearer

DL Traffic Flow Aggregates

Hardware Pooling for

Scalability and network
reliability

Pool Resources

E2E QoS

EPS
Interworking

Inter-working with 2G/3G

CS & PS Networks

MAP E
Iu-cs

EMSC

RNC

Handover

NodeB

Common Core

Bearer before
handover
MSC

Bearer after
handover

EMS (M2000)

SGSN

BTS

BSC/PCU

NodeB

S3

Sv

S1-MME S12
S1-U

LTE
eNodeB

S101

PCRF

Gxc

S11

Gxa

S5/S8
Serving GW

S103
S2a

A10/A11

CDMA

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S6a

PDSN/HSGW
BTS

BSC/PCF

Huawei Confidential

Sp
S9

Evolved Packet Core

SGSN

SAE-GW

S4

MME

RNC

MME

SRVCC UE eNodeB

Iu

Control plane
User plane

S10

UMTS

VCC AS

HSS/SPR

Gb

GPRS

SIP signaling

3GPP
IMS

A common core for all

wireless technology

Page 14

Gx

Operator
SGi Service
Network
PDN GW

Internet
Corporate
Services

Thank you
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