Step 1: Layers of Planets

F1: The crust is on top, the mantle is in the middle, and the core is in the deep center.
F2: Cores help provide the heat that is necessary for a planet.
My theory of how layers of planets helps form a planet is because without layers the planet would be really
small and not many humans would live on it.

M.A. John

Step 2: Composition of Planets

F1:The main parts of earths composition is the inner core, outer core, mantle, and the crust.
F2:Inside the earth contains oxygen so we can breathe.
My theory of how composition of planets helps form a planet is without the core and everything, the planet
will fall apart.

M.A. Ally

Step 3: Surface of Planets

F1: It is smoothed by lava flows.

F2: The crust is mostly made of basalt.
My theory of how surface of planets helps form a planet is without it because if there is no surface people
couldnt live on it.

M.A. An

Step 4: Magnetic Fields

F1: It protects us from solar rays and solar wind.

F2: The North magnetic pole is just of the coast of Northern Canada.
My theory of how magnetic fields helps form a planet is because it protects us from many things that could kill
us.

M.A. Matthew

Step 5: Satellites

F1: Weather satellites take pictures of the clouds to help meteorologists predict the weather.
F2: Earth observation satellites take pictures of the earth to see if the earth has changed.
My theory of how satellites helps form a planet is because without them the weather broadcasters would not
be able to predict the weather without satellites.

M.A. Makena

Step 6: Atmospheres

F1: Venus is mostly made of carbon dioxide, and some of the smaller amounts of nitrogen and trace amounts
of nitrogen and oxygen. Minor gases are carbon dioxide, ozone, argon, and helium.
F2: The atmosphere of the Earth is divided into four layers.
My theory of how atmospheres helps form a planet is because without it people die because they couldnt
breathe.
M.A. Rithika

Step 7: Gravity

F1: Because of gravity, if you drop something, it falls down, instead of up.
F2: Gravity always pulls, it never pushes.
My theory of how gravity helps form a planet is that without gravity you wouldnt be able to do the things you
love such as sports.
M.A. Sabaa

Step 8: Volcanos/Earthquakes

F1: More than 80% of the Earths surface is volcanic in origin.

F2: If the crust breaks it would allow stress to be.
My theory of how volcanos and earthquakes helps form a planet is because volcanos helped formed the
planets and earthquakes split up the continents on the Earth.

M.A. Ava

Step 9: Water/Ice

F1: Pure water has no smell or taste.

F2: The coldest record in Antarctica is -128.6 F.
My theory of how water and ice helps form a planet is because without it there would not be as much animal
species such and penguins and polar bears.

M.A. Tess

Step 10: Moons

F1: Moon started as a giant ball of magma, and then the surface cooled. An impact happened at the South Pole causing
many more impacts to come after it, so the magma leaked out and the Moon became solid.
F2: NASA is trying to get rid of Debris.
My theory of how moons helps form a planet is because since the moon controls the tides of the water, if the moons
were gone the waves wouldnt be moving at all except for the wind.

M.A. Caitlin

Step 11: Suns/Stars

F1: The sun contains 99.8% of the total mass of our solar system.
F2: On million Earths could fit in the sun.
My theory of how suns and stars helps form a planet is without them we would have no light and everything
would be dark.

M.A. Kenzie

Step 12: Supernova

F1: The amount of energy radiated in one supernova explosion is equal to the amount of energy that is
radiated by the sun so far plus the energy that will radiate for the rest of its life .
F2: elements like carbon, iron, silicon, nitrogen, and oxygen that we find on earth actually came from a
supernova.
My theory of how supernova helps form a planet is because without it, it would be too crowded with the stars.

M.A. Leah

Step 13: Mass/Density

F1:There are two kinds of density.

F2:Mass is related to an objects inertia but it is also is related to how hard objects are attracted to the earth.
My theory of how mass and density helps form a planet is because without it, the planet will be too small for
people to live on.

M.A. Eley

Step 14: Electromagnetic Radiation

F1: The smaller the object the more electromagnetic radiation it has.
F2: Electromagnetic Radiation makes our Earth rotate.
My theory of how electromagnetic radiation helps form a planet is because the Earth wouldnt rotate without
it.

M.A. Skylar

Step 15: Iron, Hydrogen, and Helium

F1: Without hydrogen suns and the stars would die.

F2: Too much of Iron is extremely toxic.
My theory of how iron, hydrogen, and helium helps form a planet is because we would have no stars without
hydrogen.

M.A. Sophie

Step 16: Asteroids

F1: Asteroids have no atmosphere.

F2: Asteroids are leftovers of solid planets.
My theory of how asteroids helps form a planet is because asteroids help scientists predict things.

M.A. Noah

Step 17: Comets

F1: The next time we will see Halleys comet is in 2061 because they come back every 76 years.
F2: As a comet gets close to the sun it starts spewing dust and gas, this debris forms a tail which is the image we are
familiar with, the tail will always point away from the sun.
My theory of how comets helps form a planet is because we wouldnt see shooting stars without them. Also, when they
crashed they made craters.

M.A. Reagan

Step 18: Nebula

F1: The cousin of the nebular cloud is molecular could.

F2: If there were no clouds then there would be no suns and no life and no humans.
My theory of how nebula helps form a planet is because without it life wouldnt exist.

M.A. Josh

Step 19: Kepler

F1: It's goal is to find planets with a diversity of tools.

F2: Because it is so detail-oriented it helps prevent two orbits from colliding.
My theory of how Kepler helps form a planet is because without it the world would be really different.

M.A. Sarah

Step 20: Black Holes

F1: Black holes are only dangerous if you get too close.
F2: Even light is trapped by a black hole.
My theory of how black holes helps form a planet is because without them the universe wouldnt be as cool.

M.A. Alex

How leading scientists theorize that planets form:

The information below is the only time I used the internet for this project, other than when I
researched my own A.B.C. (Astronomically Baffling Concept.) The source I found this
information from was
http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/discovering_planets_beyond/how-do-planetsform. Their theory of how a planets forms is I think that planets form because of stars. The stars
explode and the remains come closer together and stick together. The asteroids will crash into the planet
and made the craters. The volcanos will help make the surface with its eruptions.

Theories compared and conclusion:

1. My theory is similar to http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/discovering_planets_beyond/how-doplanets-form theory in the following ways is how I said that it is because of stars.

2. My theory is different to http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/discovering_planets_beyond/how-doplanets-form theory in the following ways is how I said the volcanos made the surface.

3. In conclusion, the steps in this booklet are my overall theory of how a planets forms!

DONT miss the following pages to see the actual 3-D model of my own
planet as a special bonus to this booklet!
Leave a space here for a few small pictures of your
model you will put here later.

The structure of Planet: Harley

Inner core= Hydrogen, solid=20km
Outer core= Liquid, oxygen=50km
Middle core= hydrogen, solid=70km
Mantle= solid=300km
Total=340km

The surface of Planet: Harley

My Model of Planet: Harley

My Model of Planet: Harley

Sources:

http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/discovering_planets_beyo
nd/how-do-planets-form
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/water.html
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/earth/antarctica.html