Investigated and observed companies are

TOPEL and STRAMPROY in The Netherlands, ANDRITZ in

Austria, SUNCOAL INDUSTRIES Germany, THERMYA in France,
FLUID in Polandia, AtmosClear in Switzerland
The Methods of the Technologies are to squeeze the biomass
materials in reducing the moisture content and torrefy or roast up
to
temperature
of
3200C
(Torrefaction,
Hydrothermal
Carbonization) and 5200C (Slow Pyrolysis, Polandia) in order to
achieve higher calorific value and moisture content less than 7%
to 10% and used as burning fuel for the boiler (Combustion) or to
produce Synthetic Gas (H2 and CO) by means of Gasification
Process and other.

Wood Logs/ Trunks to Wood Chips Process Illustration

Attractive Investment in Renewable Energy

The Investment(s) in Renewable Energy Resources for ONLY generating
Electricity Indonesia in my opinion is still in question mark (Hydro
Power, Solar Cell, Geothermal, Wind Power). The Rupiah slumped, and
even the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) cannot cover the operational
cost due to rapidly increasing request of biomass from abroad.
Project Case Samples:
10MWe Rice Husk Power Project in South Sulawesi, whose Feasibility
Study have been conducted by International Finance Cooperation (IFC)
from The Netherlands in 2012.
Volume of Rice Husk 135,000 tons per year
Price of Rice Husk Rp. 500,000,- and PPA Rp. 1,050,-/kWh
20MWe Palm Kernel Shells operating project in North Sumatra will maybe
dying in this year 2015 due to Biomass Purchase Price of USD 55,-/ton
and now USD 75,-/ton in the market.
10MWe Biomass Power Plant owned by Kencana Sawit in Bangka cannot
also fully operate due to higher price of the palm kernel shells.
What is to do . ??????

Wood Chips and Wood Pellets

Both of these biomass materials needed power consumption of minimal 500kWe
to 750kWe for 20,000 to 25,000 wood chips to wood pellet production with 8000
hour operation per year.
Wood Pellet Production in Malinping, Banten province planned 30,000 wood
residues (Rp. 150,000,-/ton raw material cost) to wood pellet with an investment
of Euro 4,100,000,- or USD 5,100,000,- and Diesel Power Cost of minimum Rp.
2,000,-/kWh with power consumption of 1,250kWe (Rp.20,000,000,000,- +
Manpower and Management Costs) will not get the buyer with Rp. 1,000,000,/ton.
Torrefaction Plant from Polandia with 20,000 biomass materials input and 16,000
tons/year torrefied pellet + 400kWe Electricity Output with an investment of Euro
9,000,000,- cannot be sold with USD 150,-/ton due to energy content up to
26GJ/ton.
PPA of Biomass Power will have only Rp. 1,350,-/kWh whilst Diesel Power with
even Rp. 2,500,-/kWh are invested by the former Government with the capacity
of around 2,000MWe, how come?
Diesel Power are mostly of their interest due to profit Rupiah per Liter
goes into private accounts, government shall pay through subsidizes.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

There are only following available Technologies in the Markets:

Combustion:

This technology had been used more than 100 years,

Babcock did use a boiler to produce a steam in moving the piston and
connected into generator to generate power.
The use of boiler for the coal has been avoided since Kyoto Protocol in
1997 and all technology provider(s) are investing until now to develop an
environment friendly technologies to reduce the production of CO2 into
the sky.
The use of Heat Recovery Steam Generator is now being developed to
hundreds of Megawatt to replace the direct burning of materials using
the hot gas.
Direct Burning of raw materials (coal or biomass) will not have a good
result, the end product is only ash and cannot be extracted to a value
added material.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Based on the Project Case Samples, they will not get a Bank Approval to
propose the LOAN exceeded of five (5) years, the lack of biomass
materials due to higher price sold to abroad are not considered or
anticipated, whilst the PPA cannot be negotiated with the same selling
price of diesel power. The Governments Planning to implement 35,000
MWe (35GWe) seemed to be only a master plan.

Gasification is a well-known technology since German extracted

coal into liquid before the 2nd world war ad Lurgi AG did joint venture in
South Africa (SASOL), the high temperature furnace/ oven or reactor
can achieve heat up to 7000C (nowadays Siemens implemented in China
with 17000C).
Gasification Technology is designed with coal or raw biomass to produce
synthetic gas in the range of less than the half of natural gas (36,3
Gigajoule). This kind of good technology is too risk for generating
electricity due to sulfur, tar and heavy metals to be removed. In
Indonesia n one of Gasification project is operated up to six (6) months.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Gasification Technology is designed and intended with coal or raw

biomass to produce synthetic is up to 7500C. This synthetic gas could
have an energy of maximum the half of natural gas (36,3 GJ/ton) and
this synthetic gas can be mixed with 20% diesel to run a generator set,
removal of solid particles can use precipitator and two stage of scrubbers
and than cleaning and cooling the synthetic gas into spherical tank.
Other name of high temperature furnace technologies are called Pyrolysis
and Thermolysis.
Gasification,
Pyrolysis and Thermolysis Technologies with
temperature up to 17000C (Siemens) are intended to produce fuels,
chemicals and electricity as by-product.
There are only certain companies, who have these capacities/ capabilities
(having years of research and patented technologies) and can be counted
with the fingers. These technologies giving us evidences, that Bank(s) will
approve the LOAN (not more than 3 years ROI) and their products have
higher value added, minimum 3X and maximum 10X of PPA in Indonesia.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technical Advantages
The Reactors are modular designed and can be produced up to five (5)
Reactors per day (the existing facility can produce three Reactors per day
and can be extended).
The Reactors produce good and high Quality of Charcoals (Cokes or
Coking Coals up to Metal Cokes and can be further processed into
Activated Carbon (Coconut Shells, Bamboo and other Hard Woods
Biomass available in Indonesia) with an Extraction Ratio up to 50% (dried
basis). Coking Coal (27 GJ/ton 30GJ/ton)), Met-Cokes (30GJ/ton to
35GJ/ton), Equal Natural Gas (> 36GJ/ton). Fixed Carbon can achieve
75% to 94%.
The Reactors are modular and vertical designed consisting of three (3)
parts pre-fabricated in Germany, Supporting Reactors and can be
produced up to five (5) Reactors per day (the existing facility can produce
three Reactors per day and can be extended).
Two Reactors can be installed within a day and than can be operated
with 4 tons of biomass + 2 tons of water to produce 2 tons of Charcoals
per day.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technical Advantages
Each Reactor can be fed with different biomass, multiple feedstock
reactor doesnt bring a good result of Charcoals and Hot Gas.
The Reactors produce Hot Gas, which is intended to generate
Electricity by means of Heat Recovery Steam generator and Steam
Turbine Power. The Hot Gas is depending on the biomass materials and
can produce 60kWe to 100kWe per Reactor.
The Hot Gas components are aerosol (gaseous tar), Hydrocarbon (H2),
CO, CH4 and other chemical compounds and this Hot Gas can be distilled
(additional investment) into other chemical product like Acetic Acid (price
up to USD 400,-/ton), Proponic Acid (price up to 700,-/ton)
There is an additional Waste Heat of 980C to 1200C between the Charcoal
and Hot Gas Processes, whose Heat can be used in an Organic Rankine
Cycle to generate estimated around 50kWe to 125kWe and in connection
with Parabolic Solar
Berjaya have sent eleven (11) biomass for the carbonization in Augsburg
and the analysis had been done by SGS Fresenius Institute Berlin.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technology Discussions and Benefits

High Temperature Reactor of is the Solution for de-watering of biomass
materials comparing to other related biomass existing pre-treatment
technologies, eliminate ash/ posfor/ tar and squeezed sulfur up to
0,02% (European Standard) including heavy metals and increasing the
calorific value (fixed carbon). The Energy Content is known as Giga
Joule/ ton, higher density, harder form and have longest burning time of
their Charcoal Production between 6 hours to 12 hours comparing to
investigated Torrefaction and Hydrothermal Carbonization Technologies
of maximum 3 hours to 4 hours in the Boilers.
High Temperature Reactor is a promising technology in not only
producing Charcoals, but also Oil and Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG). The
produced Charcoals can be further processed into Gasifier to produce
high quality and achieve 75% to 100% of Natural Gas and can be
directly used in Gas Engines/ Turbines and the produced Oil can be used
in low-sulfur Generator Sets to generate Electricity.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technology Discussions and Benefits

Calculation Sample based on 240,000 tons/year Palm Kernel Shells
(4000 Kcal/Kg, 20% Moisture Content, Price USD 75,-/ton)
Direct Burning: 1MWe = 1,2 ton/hour, Power Generation 20MWe
High Temperature Reactor = Charcoal Production 70,000 tons/year
(33GJ/ton) + 10MWe
70,000 tons Charcoals/year can generate = (70,000) ton/year x
(30GJ/ton x 0,947817) mmBtu x 15,3MWh / 52 mmBtu = 20,149,440
MWh = 73 Mwe (8000 hours operation/year)
Total Power Generation 83 Mwe.
OPEX = (83 x USD 75,-/ton / 20) = 18 USD/ton
CAPEX is 4X higher but Revenues also 4X higher.
1 Ton Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) = 52 mmBtu = 15,3 MWh
1 Giga Joule = 0,947817 mmBtu

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technology Discussions and Benefits

High Temperature Reactor(s) do not need High Yield of Biomass
Feedstock to generate Electric Power, it is highly recommended to use
the cheapest or low yield biomass material. The high yield of biomass
materials like palm kernel shells and coconut shells should be further
processed into higher value added products (3X higher or more as the
value of PPA in Indonesia).
The produced Charcoals of 75% Natural Gas are recommended to be
gasified (please browse Siemens Fuel Gasifier) to produce high quality of
Synthetic Natural Gas or Ammonia or Refrigerant or Methanol or other
Chemical Products which has the value up to 6X PPA in Indonesia.
Biomass materials like Coconut Shells should be further processed into
Activated Carbon, which has the value of 15X PPA in Indonesia.
High Temperature Reactor(s) are technology without Smoke and Ash.

Wood Chips or Wood Pellets

and
The Best Available Technologies

Technology Financial/ Bank Support

Development
and
Implementation
technology are as follows:

Stages

of

the

The Principles are visited, the technologies are patented,

Demonstration Plants are available to be seen, 11 type of
biomass have been tested and Analysis had been done in
2014 by SGS Fresenius Institute in Berlin.
Non-Disclosure Agreement and other Paper Works up to
Contract Agreement are ready to be signed
Carbonization Technologies are acknowledged by Siemens
applied for Steam and Gas Turbines Power

Thank you for your kind attention

and

Stay at your disposal anytime you may require

Dipl. Ing. Jusri Jusuf

Private Investigator / Energy Consultant
+628111990423 and +6281315243889 Jusri.Jusuf@gmail.com