Introduction of The TFW-400 Relief Valve

with Fully Oil Control System

Changsha Center Automatic Control Equipment Co., LTD(HCC)

Introduction of the TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System

Introduction of The TFW-400 Relief Valve

with Fully Oil Control System
The TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System is made of two parts. The one

is the valve body, and the other is the control system for it. The two parts are
explained respectively as follows:

1 Relief valve body

1. Main parameters

The valve diameter

Dx=400mm

Design head

Ho=100m

Maximal available head

Hmax=180m(including water hammer pressure)

Design flow

Qx=2.4 m3/s(fig.6 flow characteristic)

Maximal available travel

Ymax=54mm

Operating oil pressure

P=6.3MPa

2. Structure characteristic

The valve (see fig.1) is horizontal type, and made of valve case, valve disc,
balancing chamber, servomotor, guiding oil chamber, etc. The servomotor and guiding
oil chamber are direct integrated with valve case. Thats why the valve is bulk small,
structure simple, and arrangement compact, and it weights 1.5 tons only.
Valve case is steel casting synthesized with two eudipleural incomplete spiral
cases, and has good flow condition. And to reduce vibration, there is air replenishing
equipment which enables air to uniformly straight enter the zone of negative pressure
at the entrance of relief valve water release flow passage.

CHANGSHA CENTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT Co., LTD

-1-

Introduction of the TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System

The valve disc is tapered and its surface is chrome plating and antirust. There are
balance holes on the valve disc to reduce operating pressure.

The built-up welding stainless steel seal ring on valve disc and the knockdown
phosphor bronze sealing collar on valve body are for encapsulation. The two parts are
fine grinding copulate with good water sealing condition, and they are not water
leakage in 1.5 times maximal water head pressure test.

In addition, there are chrome plating and antirust measures at the places of main
axis, balance casing, etc.

2 Control system

The control system characteristics include that completely applying pressure oil
to control and operate, controlling and operating the servomotor of wicket gate

and

the servomotor of relief valve simultaneously with components of special main

distributing valve(see fig.2), etc., and enabling wicket to perform step closure with
sectionalizing set.

1. Operating principle (see fig.2)

In automatic operation condition, the following actions are performed:

(1)

If load changeless, main distributing valve locates at the

intermediate position as figured. The pressure oil whose pressure is
P1 flows through throttle valve A to closed chest of relief valve, then
pressure P2 of relief valve closed chest equals P1, and the valve
opening chest releases oil through oil drainage hole. Because
hydraulic thrust received by relief valve disc is permanently smaller

CHANGSHA CENTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT Co., LTD

-2-

Introduction of the TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System

than the operating force of the closed chest under the effect of
minimal operating oil pressure, relief valve locates at closing
position.

(2)

If load increasing, the main distributing valve piston descends, the

pressure oil P1 straight enter wicket servomotor unclosed chest. But
the oil drainage of the unclosed chest is also restricted by throttle A,
i.e.the wicket open speed is slow to prevent negative pressure of
long penstock. As throttle A fore-and-aft pressures differ not much,
the oil pressure of the relief valve closed chest doesnt change, the
opening chest releases oil at the same time, and then the relief valve
locates still at closing position.

(3)

If load decreasing a little (about 15% unit rated output), only small
amount of pressure oil P1 flows through throttle A to closed chest of
wicket servomotor to close wicket slowly, because the main
distributing valve piston upper shift is so small (less than middle
valve disc lap S). Pressure drop P that forms when the small oil
fluent flows through throttle A is so small that oil pressure (P2=P1P) of unclosed chest of relief valve can maintain the valve to
locate at the closing position, and the valve opening chest releases
oil at the same time. So, under small disturbance conditions, the
relief valve doesnt act and wicket servomotor closes slowly.

(4)

Under

large load rejection (larger than 15% unit rated output), the

main distributing valve piston upper shift is larger than S, pressure

drop P between both sides of throttle A increases, and P2
decreases (also larger than P3). Then the relief valve servomotor
opening chest connects to P1, the relief valve opens quickly, and the

CHANGSHA CENTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT Co., LTD

-3-

Introduction of the TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System

pressure oil released by the valve closed chest flows to wicket

servomotor closed chest with the small amount pressure oil flowing
through throttle A to close wicket quickly.

As applying the control with the same main distributing valve control, relief
valve quick opening and wicket quick closing is synchronous.

(5)

Sectionalizing Set: When the relief valve starts to quick opening,

the oil pressure in guiding oil chamber (the small piston barrel in
fig.2) rises quickly for the chamber oil drainage is restricted by
throttling orifice C, which forces oil pressure inverted valve to open
against oil pressure and spring force. Then in the process of quick
opening, not all the pressure oil in the closed chest is to quickly
close wicket servomotor, but some of the pressure oil is released
through regulating valve D continuously, and then the relief valve
opening speed is faster than when Sectionalizing Set has not been
on. If the relief valve reaches the position given by limit equipment
beforehand and stops (at this point the wicket gates have not been
completely closed), the oil pressure in the guiding chamber
disappears, and oil pressure inverted valve closes automatically and
immediately. After that, only the small amount of oil pressure
flowing through throttle A continuously performs closing wicket
servomotor slowly, which enables wicket step closure. So, the
opening size of regulating valve D can straight control the inflection
point of wicket step closure. After wicket is shutdown, the main
distributing valve backs to the middle position, the opening chest
of relief valve servomotor releases oil, and then the pressure oil P1
flows through throttle valve A to slowly close relief valve at the
stated speed.

CHANGSHA CENTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT Co., LTD

-4-

Introduction of the TFW-400 Relief Valve with Fully Oil Control System

If the relief valve fails and refuses to act, only the small amount of pressure oil
can flow through throttle valve A despite the size of the hole on distributing valve disc,
and the unit has no choice but to close in lower speed to ensure pressure rising of
penstock not to overpass the value permitted.

2. Function of different throttle orifices:

Orifice A: Set the slower closing time of the wicket

gates and the closing time

of relief valve as the relief valve fails.

Orifice C: Control the oil pressure in the guiding oil chamber to ensure inverted
valve to open quickly.

Orifice D: Set the inflexion point of wicket step closure.

.

CHANGSHA CENTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT Co., LTD

-5-