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(AUTONOMOUS)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Class: IV B.Tech I Semester
Branch: EEE - A
Pie charts, Sankey diagrams, Load Profiles: A pie chart is another type of chart that can be used for
graphical analysis of historical energy use and cost data. A pie chart can be used to show the share of
various types of energy use and their costs graphically.
In a Sankey diagram, the energy losses/outflows, the energy gains/inflows, as well as the useful energy in
a given energy system are represented quantitatively and in proportion to the total energy inflow,
according to existing data from energy bills and invoices, calculations and in -site measurements in the
plant. Presenting the energy flows visually with the aid of the Sankey diagram helps to locate the more
critical energy-consuming areas of the energy system and, at the same time, to identify the sources that
lead to energy losses.
A graph showing the load shape of a device or equipment over time is known as load/demand profile or
diagram. If such a diagram is plotted for the load requirements of all the electricity -using equipment in a
plant, it can be useful for determining the characteristics of the power requirements and for understanding
the power supply economics.
Energy conservation schemes: Short term, medium term and long term schemes.
Short term: Involves no or little capital expenditure
Medium term: Low cost investments to improve existing equipment & pay back period< 2 years
Long term: Involve high capital costs leading to implementation of new technologies.
References: Energy Management by W.R. Murphy & G. McKay Butterworth-Heinemann Publications
http://www.em-ea.org/Guide%20Books/Book-1/1.3%20Energy%20management%20&%20Audit.pdf
Branch: EEE
& quality
Organizing energy management program: Planning is one of the most important parts of the energy
management program. By planning to have events periodically through the year, a continued emphasis
will be placed on energy management. Such events can be training programs, audits, planning sessions,
demonstrations, research projects, lectures etc.
Energy manager qualities and functions: The energy manager provides leadership in the development of
policy on energy management action plan and plays a key role in the formulation of corporate energy
policy. Energy managers also perform the activities related with plant energy management, project
management, personnel management, and financial management at the plant level.
The essential qualification for a certified energy manager and certified energy auditor would be the
passing of a national level certification examination which will be conducted under the aegis of Bureau of
Energy Efficiency.
Responsibilities and Duties of Energy Manager are highlighted below:
Establish an energy conservation cell & prepare an annual activity plan
Develop and manage training programme for energy efficiency at operating levels
Develop integrated system of energy efficiency and environmental improvement
Initiate activities to improve monitoring and process control to reduce energy costs
Co-ordinate implementation of energy audit/efficiency improvement projects through external
agencies
Establish / participate in information exchange with other energy managers of the same sector
through
association
Provide information to BEE and Designated Agency of the respective States as demanded in
the Act
Check list for top management: EA Report, Action Plan, Implementation after checking the technical
feasibility and economical viability etc.
Branch: EEE
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Types of lamps: MV and SV lamps, Comparison between tungsten filament lamps and
fluorescent tubes
Basic principles of light control
Types and design of lighting
Types light fittings
Flood lighting , White light LED & conducting polymers
Energy conservation measuresReferences: Utilization of Electrical Power including Electric drives and
Electric traction by N.V.Suryanarayana, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 1996.
Generation, Distribution and Utilization of electrical Energy by C.L. Wadhwa, New Age International
(P) Limited, Publishers, 1997.
www.nptel.ac.in
Branch: EEE
Where, h = calculated system harmonic, kVAsc = short circuit power of the system
kVAR = rating of the capacitor
Motor controller: Improves energy efficiency.
References: Utilization of Electrical Power including Electric drives and Electric traction by
N.V.Suryanarayana, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 1996.
Generation, Distribution and Utilization of electrical Energy by C.L. Wadhwa, New Age International
(P) Limited, Publishers, 1997.
www.nptel.ac.in
Branch: EEE
References: Handbook of Energy Audits by Albert Thumann, William J. Younger, Terry Niehus
Branch: EEE
Branch: EEE