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Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

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Value in Construction

599

Matt Stevens

NKVGTCVWTG"TGXKGY"
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59:"

Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

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Value in Construction

59;

Matt Stevens

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kpfkxkfwcnu."hwpevkqpu."cpf"eqorcpkgu"*3;;6+0""
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ecrcdknkv{" jcu" dggp" wpfgt/tgugctejgf" *4233+0" Dcnnctf" gv" cn0" uwiiguv" vjcv" rtqfwevkqp"
fgukip" u{uvgo" tgugctej" jcu" dggp" okpkocn" *4223+0" Vjku" ncem" qh" cp" kfgpvkhkcdng"
ogvjqfqnqi{"crrgctu"vq"dg"qpg"qh"vjg"oclqt"qdlgevkqpu"d{"eqpvtcevqtu0"Icq"cpf"Nqy"
uwiiguvgf" vjg" 6R" oqfgn" *Ugg" Hkiwtg" 3+" jcu" vjg" oquv" rqukvkxg" cvvtkdwvgu" qh" cp{" NE"
htcogyqtm" *4236+0" NE" rtqeguugu" ctg" ygnn" fqewogpvgf=" jqygxgt." hgy" uvwfkgu" jcxg"
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Vjg" 6R" oqfgn" eqpukuvu" qh" hqwt" ugswgpvkcn" rjcugu" hqt" c" NR" cfqrvkqp0" Vjg" hktuv" ku"
Rjknquqrj{" fguetkdgf" cu" nqpi" vgto" vjkpmkpi0" Vjg" pgzv" ku" Rtqeguugu" vjcv" gnkokpcvg"
ycuvg0"Vjg"vjktf"rjcug"ku"Rgqrng"cpf"Rctvpgtu"d{"tgurgevkpi."ejcnngpikpi"cpf"itqykpi"
vjgo0" Vjg" ncuv" ku" Rtqdngo" Uqnxkpi" d{" hqewukpi" qp" eqpvkpwqwu" kortqxgogpv" cpf"
ngctpkpi"*Nkmgt"4226+0""
Rtqoqvkpi" vjg" gzejcpig" qh" kfgcu" cpf" ogcpkpiu" dgvyggp" eqpvtcevqtu" cpf"
tgugctejgtu"yjkng"iwkfkpi"vjg"rtcevkeg"ku"tgeqoogpfgf"*Cnxgu"gv"cn0"4234+0"
Uvwf{kpi"qticpk|cvkqpu"htqo"c"ocpcigogpv"uekgpeg"rgturgevkxg"jcu"dggp"ncemkpi="
oquv"uvwfkgu"qh"vjg"ncuv"72"{gctu"jcxg" jcf" c" uqekcn" uekgpeg"hqewu0" Cffkvkqpcnn{." kv"ku"
etkvkecn" vjcv" cecfgokeu" pqv" qpn{" fguetkdg" vjg" yqtnf." dwv" cnuq" cvvgorv" vq" kortqxg" kv"
*Mqumgnc"4233+0"

5:2"

Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

HWTVJGT" GZVGPFKPI" NGCP" EQPUVTWEVKQP" KPVQ" EQPVTCEVQTU"


VJKPMKPI""
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cpf"qvjgtu"jcxg"tgugctejgf"cpf"ytkvvgp"gzvgpukxgn{"cdqwv"kv0"Kh"kv"ku"dtqmgp"fqyp"kpvq"
vjg"dgjcxkqtu"qh"fgvckngf"rncppkpi."tguqwteg"hqtgecuvkpi."cpf"tgcnkuvke"uejgfwnkpi."rctv"
qh" vjg" eqpegrv" dgeqogu" oqtg" wpfgtuvcpfcdng0" Icvjgtkpi" gzvgpukxg" kphqtocvkqp" ku" c"
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qhhkeg" cpf" hkgnf0" Vjg{" ctg" wpfgt" vkog" cpf" equv" rtguuwtgu" cpf" oc{" pqv" jcxg" vkog" vq"
wpfgtuvcpf"jkijn{"ceewtcvg."dwv"eqorngz"oqfgnu0"Ocmkpi"NE"oqtg"wpfgtuvcpfcdng"kp"

Value in Construction

5:3

Matt Stevens

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5:4"

Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

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dgvyggp"&47"cpf"&72"oknnkqp"kp"cppwcn"dknnkpi"jcf"c"ogfkcp"qxgtjgcf"vq"fktgev"equv"

Value in Construction

5:5

Matt Stevens

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"
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Practice: We require specific packaging / labeling on supplier shipments to keep our laborr
productivity high.
1

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2
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ghhkekgpe{0"

5:6"

Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

"

Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

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rtcevkeg"korngogpvgf"ygnn"rtqfwegu"eqphkfgpeg"hqt"eqpvkpwkpi"vjg"kortqxgogpv"

Value in Construction

5:7

Matt Stevens

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5:8"

Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

Increasing Adoption of Lean Construction by Contractors"

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hqt"Ngcp"Eqpuvtwevkqp0"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence."47"*7/
8+"886/8:40"FQK<"32032:21369:5585042350:422440"
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Management and Economics."39"*4+"355/3590"FQK<"32032:21236683;;;5938590
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Information."55"*8+"6;:/7330"FQK<"32032:212;8354327224 :73280"
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Value in Construction

5:9

Matt Stevens

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Fgvgtokpcpvu"qh"Qticpk|cvkqpcn"Hngzkdknkv{"kp"vjg"Eqpuvtwevkqp"Dwukpguu0"Journal
of Construction Engineering and Management. 359*5+" 447/4590"
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Yqocem."L0"R0"cpf"Lqpgu."F0"V0"*3;;6+0"Harvard Business Review. Oct1Crt;6."94"*4+."
;5/325"
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Proceedings IGLC-22, June 2014 | Oslo, Norway

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