Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INDEX
Introduction2
About the author2
About the book2
Historical context3
First part: the veil and the color-line4
First part: the education.4
Second part: the education.5
Second part: the economy..6
Second part: race relationships.7
Third part: the Negro Church...7
Third part: his sons death.8
Third part: sorrow songs9
Conclusions.10
Bibliography11
INTRODUCTION
The book contains several essays, some of which had been previously published in the
Atlantic Monthly magazine. Du Bois uses his own experiences as an African-American to
describe how life of black people was in the American society. We are going to analyse the
most relevant topics of these essays. For this, we have divided the book into three parts, the
first part is formed by chapters I to IV, the second part has chapters V to IX and finally the
third part has chapters X to IX. We have focused in the main issues that the author has dealt
with in each part. Obviously this partition is a personal choice we have made to analyse the
subjects.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT
The book was written near the turn of the twentieth century (late 1800s to early 1900s). It
was a critical period for African Americans in the USA. In response to the end of the war
(1861-65), the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments had been passed in 1868 and 1870 to
legally recognize Black Americans as U.S. citizens. Nevertheless, there was still segregation
in the South. The Southern states were still feeling the effects of the Civil War by the end of
the 19th century. In spite of the improvements, there were limitations on black employment
opportunities and property ownership. Interracial marriage was illegal in every state and
public facilities, including schools, restaurants, hospitals, etc. were still segregated.
Main events
1866 Congress passes Civil Rights Act of 1866 which was intended to protect the civil
rights of African-Americans.
1868 Fourteenth Amendment is ratified
1870 Fifteenth Amendment is ratified
1871 Congress passes Ku Klux Klan Act Congress, which prohibited racial discrimination.
1865-72. Freedmens Bureau established by Congress provided practical aid to newly freed
black Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom.
1875 Congress passes Civil Rights Act of 1875 that guaranteed African Americans equal
treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and prohibited exclusion from
jury service. The Supreme Court decided the act was unconstitutional in 1883.
1877 Reconstruction ends
CONCLUSION
The souls of Black souls represents a key work in the history of sociology, especially in the
African-American literary history. The author denounces the situation of his people. The
education, politics, religion, slavery, all the elements that affected their development as social
group that always has struggle for equal rights in the USA. Du Bois consider that education is
the key to be free. Fighting against people who believed that African Americans were only
able to perform manual labour. He criticised some currents of the religion (even in the Negro
Church) that benefited submission. But he truly believed in his people and he praised them for
the magnificent creation of the sorrow songs to convey their pain but also to give hope.
Maybe the most important thing for us is that Du Bois truly believed in the freedom of his
people and therefore in the freedom of the humanity.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Blum, E. J. Sociation today. Volume 3, Number 1 Spring 2005 Religion and the
Sociological Imagination of W. E. B. Du Bois . University of Notre Dame [ last access
May 2014]
http://www.ncsociology.org/sociationtoday/v31/blum.htm
Du Bois W. E. B. The Souls of Black Folks; Essays and Sketches. New York:
Allograph, 1968. Print.
Pierce, Y. The Soul od Du Bois Black Folk vol. 6, no. 2, 2003, [last access May 2014]
https://www.princeton.edu/~jweisenf/northstar/volume6/pierce.html
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