The SAS System

26

Obs

BLO

VR

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
III
III
III
III
III
III
III
III

D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1
D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1
D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1

G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1

22.0
23.2
22.5
21.0
23.2
22.5
22.2
22.3
22.8
22.5
23.1
21.1
23.2
22.3
22.4
21.3
22.4
22.6
22.0
21.9
22.5
22.5
21.7
22.4

The SAS System

27

The GLM Procedure

Class Level Information
Class

Levels

Values

BLO

I II III

D0 D1

G0 G1

C0 C1

Number of Observations Read

Number of Observations Used

24
24

The SAS System

28

The GLM Procedure

Dependent Variable: VR
Source

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

Model

3.47251389

0.38583488

1.08

0.4327

Error

14

5.00081944

0.35720139

Corrected Total

23

8.47333333

R-Square

Coeff Var

Root MSE

VR Mean

0.409817

2.678103

0.597663

22.31667

Source

DF

Type I SS

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

BLO
D
G
C
D*G
D*C
G*C
D*G*C

2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.05583333
0.08166667
2.53500000
0.50144185
0.00363364
0.01803689
0.05023088
0.22667063

0.02791667
0.08166667
2.53500000
0.50144185
0.00363364
0.01803689
0.05023088
0.22667063

0.08
0.23
7.10
1.40
0.01
0.05
0.14
0.63

0.9252
0.6399
0.0185
0.2558
0.9211
0.8255
0.7133
0.4390

Source

DF

Type III SS

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

BLO
D
G
C
D*G
D*C
G*C
D*G*C

2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.08001389
0.04333378
2.68709722
0.51143254
0.00532303
0.01476587
0.04048016
0.22667063

0.04000694
0.04333378
2.68709722
0.51143254
0.00532303
0.01476587
0.04048016
0.22667063

0.11
0.12
7.52
1.43
0.01
0.04
0.11
0.63

0.8948
0.7328
0.0159
0.2513
0.9046
0.8418
0.7414
0.4390

The SAS System

29

The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for VR
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha
0.05
Error Degrees of Freedom
14
Error Mean Square
0.357201
Number of Means
Critical Range

2
.5233

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping

Mean

A
A
A

22.3750

12

D1

22.2583

12

D0

The SAS System

30

The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for VR
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha
0.05
Error Degrees of Freedom
14
Error Mean Square
0.357201
Number of Means
Critical Range

2
.5233

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping

Mean

22.6417

12

G0

21.9917

12

G1

The SAS System

31

The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for VR
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha
0.05
Error Degrees of Freedom
14
Error Mean Square
0.357201
Harmonic Mean of Cell Sizes 11.91667
NOTE: Cell sizes are not equal.
Number of Means
Critical Range

2
.5251

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping

Mean

A
A
A

22.4455

11

C1

22.2077

13

C0

The SAS System

32

The GLM Procedure

Level of
D

Level of
G

D0
D0
D1
D1

G0
G1
G0
G1

6
6
6
6

Level of
D

Level of
C

D0
D0
D1
D1

C0
C1
C0
C1

7
5
6
6

Level of
G

Level of
C

G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1

7
5
6
6

--------------VR------------Mean
Std Dev
22.5833333
21.9333333
22.7000000
22.0500000

0.40207794
0.80663912
0.39496835
0.45055521

--------------VR------------Mean
Std Dev
22.2142857
22.3200000
22.2000000
22.5500000

0.57569833
0.90939540
0.65726707
0.32710854

--------------VR------------Mean
Std Dev
22.5571429
22.7600000
21.8000000
22.1833333

Level of
D

Level of
G

Level of
C

D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1

G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1

4
2
3
3
3
3
3
3

0.37796447
0.40373258
0.53665631
0.69689789

--------------VR------------Mean
Std Dev
22.4750000
22.8000000
21.8666667
22.0000000
22.6666667
22.7333333
21.7333333
22.3666667

0.34034296
0.56568542
0.70945989
1.05356538
0.47258156
0.40414519
0.45092498
0.05773503

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D1
D1

G0
G1
G0
G1

22.6438889
21.9333333
22.7000000
22.0500000

33

The SAS System

34

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*G Effect Sliced by D for VR
D

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

D0
D1

1
1

1.420001
1.267500

1.420001
1.267500

3.98
3.55

0.0660
0.0805

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D1
D1

G0
G1
G0
G1

22.6438889
21.9333333
22.7000000
22.0500000

35

The SAS System

36

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*G Effect Sliced by G for VR
G

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

G0
G1

1
1

0.008855
0.040833

0.008855
0.040833

0.02
0.11

0.8771
0.7403

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D1
D1

C0
C1
C0
C1

22.1644444
22.4127778
22.2000000
22.5500000

37

The SAS System

38

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*C Effect Sliced by D for VR
D

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

D0
D1

1
1

0.168189
0.367500

0.168189
0.367500

0.47
1.03

0.5038
0.3276

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D1
D1

C0
C1
C0
C1

22.1644444
22.4127778
22.2000000
22.5500000

39

The SAS System

40

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*C Effect Sliced by C for VR
C

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

C0
C1

1
1

0.004028
0.049480

0.004028
0.049480

0.01
0.14

0.9169
0.7153

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
G

VR LSMEAN

G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1

22.5644444
22.7794444
21.8000000
22.1833333

41

The SAS System

42

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
G*C Effect Sliced by G for VR
G

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

G0
G1

1
1

0.126068
0.440833

0.126068
0.440833

0.35
1.23

0.5619
0.2853

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
G

VR LSMEAN

G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1

22.5644444
22.7794444
21.8000000
22.1833333

43

The SAS System

44

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
G*C Effect Sliced by C for VR
C

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

C0
C1

1
1

1.861727
0.933762

1.861727
0.933762

5.21
2.61

0.0386
0.1282

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1

G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1

22.4622222
22.8255556
21.8666667
22.0000000
22.6666667
22.7333333
21.7333333
22.3666667

45

The SAS System

46

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*G*C Effect Sliced by D*G for VR
D

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

D0
D0
D1
D1

G0
G1
G0
G1

1
1
1
1

0.165014
0.026667
0.006667
0.601667

0.165014
0.026667
0.006667
0.601667

0.46
0.07
0.02
1.68

0.5078
0.7887
0.8933
0.2153

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1

G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1

22.4622222
22.8255556
21.8666667
22.0000000
22.6666667
22.7333333
21.7333333
22.3666667

47

The SAS System

48

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*G*C Effect Sliced by D*C for VR
D

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

D0
D0
D1
D1

C0
C1
C0
C1

1
1
1
1

0.602298
0.796608
1.306667
0.201667

0.602298
0.796608
1.306667
0.201667

1.69
2.23
3.66
0.56

0.2151
0.1575
0.0765
0.4649

The SAS System

The GLM Procedure
Least Squares Means
D

VR LSMEAN

D0
D0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D1
D1

G0
G0
G1
G1
G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1
C0
C1

22.4622222
22.8255556
21.8666667
22.0000000
22.6666667
22.7333333
21.7333333
22.3666667

49

The SAS System

50

The GLM Procedure

Least Squares Means
D*G*C Effect Sliced by G*C for VR
G

DF

Sum of
Squares

Mean Square

F Value

Pr > F

G0
G0
G1
G1

C0
C1
C0
C1

1
1
1
1

0.070977
0.009941
0.026667
0.201667

0.070977
0.009941
0.026667
0.201667

0.20
0.03
0.07
0.56

0.6626
0.8699
0.7887
0.4649