ARCHITECTURE

ART APPRECIATION
Prepared by
Hemerson S. Dimacale

WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?

The art and science of designing creating

buildings and other physical structures.
Has to do with the planning, designing, and
constructing forms, and space that reflect
functional, technical, social, environmental, and
aesthetic considerations.

Proportion is a
correspondence among
the measures of the
members of an entire
work, and of the whole
to a certain part
selected as standard.
From this result the
principles of symmetry. Without symmetry and
proportion there can be no principles in the design of any
temple; that is, if there is no precise relation between its
members as in the case of those of a well shaped man.
Vitruvius

THE PARTHENON
Athens, Greece
45 ft. tall; 69.5 x 30.9m size
Artists: Phidias (sculptor); Iktinos, Kallikrates
(architect)

Referred to as the Virgins Apartments

Classical Proportion

THE PARTHENON

West Pediment
(Poseidon and
Athenas competition
for the honor of
becoming the citys
patron)

East Pediment
(Athenas Birth)

THE PARTHENON

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

An architectural design that flourished during

the Medieval Period.
Main characteristics:
- Pointed Arches
- Ribbed Vaults
- Flying Buttresses

Emphasis on verticality

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Las Lajas Cathedral, 1916
Columbia

Hallgrimskirkia, 1937
Iceland

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

15th-17th century

Revival of certain elements from Greek and

Roman thought and material culture.

Emphasis on symmetry and proportion

Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE
Competition between
Brunelleschi and
Ghiberti
Built the dome with a
centring
It features a doublewalled ovoid shell
anchored at the
bottom by a 15 meter
high tambour
eliminating the need
for scaffolding and
reinforcement

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

Tempietto, 1502
small temple
Donato Bramante

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
Era of absolute power
of the Popes and the
Kings
Buildings with
complex shapes,
extravagant
ornaments, opulent
painting, and bold
contrasts

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Characteristics:
Twisted Columns, sometimes simply decorative
instead of supportive
More curves than straight lines
Highly decorative details and ornaments
Blending of painting and architecture
Grand Stairways
Broad Naves (middle of the church)

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
Church of Saint
Susanne at the baths
of Diocletian, 1603
Rome Italy
Carlo Maderno

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

PHILIPPINE BAROQUE
San Agustin Church
1607
Intramuros, Manila

In 1993, it was
declared as a World
Heritage Site by
UNESCO

PHILIPPINE BAROQUE

BAHAY KUBO AND BAHAY NA BATO

Nipa Hut/ Bahay Kubo

Traditionally made out
of bamboo and
anahaw/ nipa leaves
Houses used prior the
Spanish occupation
Icon of bayanihan

BAHAY NA BATO

BAHAY NA BATO
An architectural style
incorporating the
elements of Chinese,
Spanish, and
Philippine aesthetics
A typical house of a
noble Filipino
Some architectures
are still erected in
Vigan, Ilocos,
Batangas, and
Laguna.

OTHER FAMOUS ARCHITECTURES AROUND

THE WORLD
Taj Mahal. Agra, India
Anchor Wat. Angkor, Cambodia
Pyramids of Giza. El Giza, Egypt
Pagoda, Different Asian Countries

PAGODA
Literally means tiered tower with multiple eaves
Common in Nepal, India, China, Japan, Korea,
Vietnam, Burma, and other Asian countries
Some Pagodas are used as Taoist house of
worship
Place for worship

PAGODA

TAJ MAHAL
An architecture commissioned by Mughal
emperor Shah Jahan in the memory of his third
wife Mumtaz Mahal.
Recognized as the finest Mughal architecture
Located in Agra, India
It became a UNESCO world heritage in 1983

TAJ MAHAL

ANCHOR WAT
Prasat Anchor Wat
Built in the 12th century
It means temple city
Considered as the largest Khmer temple complex
in the world
Built to commemorate Vishnu

ANCHOR WAT

THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA

Also known as the Pyramid of Khufu and
Pyramid of Cheops
Largest among the three pyramids in the Giza
necropolis bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt.
Built as a tomb for fourth dynasty Egyptian
pharaoh Khufu
Constructed for 20 years

THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA

SOURCES
Gardiner, Stephen. Introduction to Architecture.
Oxford: Chancellor Press, 1993.
Lico, Gerard. Arkitekturang Filipino: A History of
Architecture and Urbanism in the Philippines.
Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press,
2008.
Pater, Peter. Renaissance Rome. California:
University of California Press, 1976.
Image sources can be seen in the note tab of image
slides.