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Appendix B

Geotechnical Investigation Report

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SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE

GEOTECHNICAL
INVESTIGATION REPORT

REPORT

Submitted to:
Adam Gaffney
Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd
201 Kent Street
NSW 2000

Report Number.

137622029-005-R-Rev1

Distribution:
1 Copy - Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd
1 Copy - Golder Associates

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.1

Terms of Reference and Objectives ............................................................................................................. 3

1.2

Project Background ...................................................................................................................................... 3

1.3

Previous Investigations and Reports ............................................................................................................ 3

2.0 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF SITE INVESTIGATIONS........................................................................................... 4


3.0 REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY .................................................................................................... 4
3.1

Rock and Soil Geology ................................................................................................................................. 4

3.1.1

Topography ............................................................................................................................................. 4

3.1.2

Groundwater and Hydrology ................................................................................................................... 4

3.1.3

Climatic Conditions ................................................................................................................................. 4

4.0 GEOTECHNICAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS ............................................................................................................ 6


4.1

Scope of Work .............................................................................................................................................. 6

4.2

Boreholes ..................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.3

Test Pits........................................................................................................................................................ 7

4.4

Cone Penetration (CPT) Testing .................................................................................................................. 7

4.4.1

Piezocone Tests ..................................................................................................................................... 7

4.4.2

Dissipation Tests ..................................................................................................................................... 7

4.4.3

Vane Shear Tests ................................................................................................................................... 8

4.5

Seismic Profiling ........................................................................................................................................... 8

4.6

Laboratory Testing ........................................................................................................................................ 8

4.6.1

Geotechnical Laboratory Testing ............................................................................................................ 8

4.6.2

Contamination and Acid Sulfate Soils Testing ........................................................................................ 9

5.0 RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 10


5.1

Previous Investigations ............................................................................................................................... 10

5.2

2013 Golder Investigation ........................................................................................................................... 10

5.3

Geotechnical Units...................................................................................................................................... 11

5.3.1

Seismic Profiling ................................................................................................................................... 11

5.4

Undrained Shear Strength .......................................................................................................................... 12

5.5

Soil Compressibility .................................................................................................................................... 13

5.6

Soil Plasticity .............................................................................................................................................. 14

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5.7

Subgrade Strength California Bearing Ratio ............................................................................................ 15

5.8

Results of Contamination Testing ............................................................................................................... 17

5.9

Results of Acid Sulfate Soils Testing .......................................................................................................... 18

5.9.1

Groundwater Observations ................................................................................................................... 19

6.0 DISCUSSION & RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................. 20


6.1
6.1.1
6.2

Embankment Concept Design .................................................................................................................... 20


Roads and Maritime Embankment Design Criteria ............................................................................... 20
Geotechnical Design Parameters ............................................................................................................... 22

6.2.1

Embankment Settlement (no ground treatment) ................................................................................... 22

6.2.2

Ground Treatment Options ................................................................................................................... 23

6.3

Bridge Foundation Options ......................................................................................................................... 25

6.3.1

Pile Foundation Options ........................................................................................................................ 25

6.3.2

Pile Design Parameters ........................................................................................................................ 27

6.4

Pavements .................................................................................................................................................. 28

6.5

Durability and Aggressivity ......................................................................................................................... 29

6.6

Potentially Contaminated Soils ................................................................................................................... 29

6.6.1

Discussion of Results ............................................................................................................................ 29

6.6.2

Management of Potentially Contaminated Soils.................................................................................... 30

6.7

Acid Sulfate Soils ........................................................................................................................................ 30

7.0 ADDITIONAL CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................ 30


7.1

Existing Filling ............................................................................................................................................. 30

7.2

Salinity ........................................................................................................................................................ 31

7.3

Earthquake Rating ...................................................................................................................................... 31

7.4

Groundwater Management ......................................................................................................................... 31

7.5

Temporary Works ....................................................................................................................................... 31

8.0 RECOMMENDED INVESTIGATION FOR DETAILED DESIGN ............................................................................. 32

TABLES
Table 1: Scope of Geotechnical Laboratory Testing ........................................................................................................... 9
Table 2: Scope of Contamination Laboratory Testing ......................................................................................................... 9
Table 3: Sportsmans Creek - Geotechnical Units ............................................................................................................. 11
Table 4: Summary geological conditions inferred from Seismic Profile ............................................................................. 12
Table 5: Laboratory CBR Results for Unit 1 South Bank ................................................................................................ 15
Table 6: Laboratory CBR Results for Unit 1 North Bank ................................................................................................ 16
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Table 7: Results of Field pH and Field Peroxide Testing .................................................................................................. 18


Table 8: Results of SPOCAS / CRS Testing ..................................................................................................................... 18
Table 9: Geotechnical Design Parameters Strength ...................................................................................................... 22
Table 10: Geotechnical Design Parameters Compressibility.......................................................................................... 22
Table 12: Predicted Settlement of Southern Embankment 1.5m surcharge and wick drains ......................................... 24
Table 13: Predicted Settlement of Southern Embankment 3m surcharge and wick drains ............................................ 24
Table 14: Alternative Pile Solutions ................................................................................................................................... 25
Table 15: Recommended Geotechnical Design Parameters for Bored Piles .................................................................... 28

FIGURES
Figure 1: Site Locality Plan (attached)
Figure 2: Site Investigation Location Plan (attached)
Figure 3: Subsurface Section (attached)
Figure 4 : Lawrence Rainfall Data (www.bom.gov.au) ........................................................................................................ 5
Figure 5 : Maclean Annual Rainfall Data ............................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 6: Shear Strength Profile of Unit 1 materials .......................................................................................................... 13
Figure 7: Compressibility Parameters for Unit 1 Materials ................................................................................................ 14
Figure 8: Plasticity Index of Laboratory Samples .............................................................................................................. 15
Figure 9 : DCP to CBR Correlation - South Bank of Sportsmans Creek ........................................................................... 16
Figure 10 : DCP to CBR Correlation - North Bank of Sportsmans Creek .......................................................................... 17
Figure 11 : Adopted Soft Soil Treatment Zones ................................................................................................................ 21

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
Borehole Log, Core Photography and Explanatory Notes
APPENDIX B
Test Pit Logs, DCP Results and Explanatory Notes
APPENDIX C
CPT, Vane Shear and Dissipation Test Results
APPENDIX D
Seismic Refraction Investigation Report
APPENDIX E
Geotechnical Laboratory Test Certificates and Summary Table
APPENDIX F
Contamination and Acid Sulfate Laboratory Test Results and Summary Tables
APPENDIX G
Relevant Extracts from Previous Investigations and Reports

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Roads and Maritime Services (Roads and Maritime) is planning to replace the existing Sportsmans Creek
bridge by the end of 2015. Studies in mid-2013 led by Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR) identified a preferred
option for the replacement bridge and road approaches. Golder Associates (Golder) carried out
geotechnical studies to assess alternative alignment options and in late 2013 carried out geotechnical
investigations focused on the preferred option. The study area is typical of low lying floodplain environments
in the coastal areas of northern New South Wales.
To the north of the creek, the alignment of the road approaches is underlain by low strength alluvial soils to
about 5 m depth, over weathered rock. Beneath the creek the rock surface slopes to the south, so that the
depth to rock under the proposed position of the southern bridge abutment is about 30 m. The soils on the
south side of the creek are low strength alluvial deposits, comprising mainly soft to firm normally to slightly
overconsolidated clay, with loose sands at about 5 to 9 m depth. The soils are desiccated and firm to stiff in
an up to 1 m thick layer at the surface. The alluvial deposits are potential acid sulfate soils with a high
potential for releasing acid into the environment if they are disturbed.
The rock observed in cores taken from boreholes was sandstone and siltstone, slightly weathered and of
medium to high strength. Noticeable was the abrupt transition from alluvial soils to competent rock and the
absence of a transitionary residual soil layer or deep weathering profile in the rock.
Groundwater is present below about 2 m depth, corresponding to the water level in Sportsmans Creek and
the nearby Clarence River.
Given the significant thickness of low strength soils, the proposed new bridge will need to be supported on
piles extending to rock. On the northern side, where the depth to rock is about 5 m, bored piles installed
using casing are an option that could be considered. The piles would need to be drilled into rock to form a
socket deep enough to resist lateral and axial loads. Other pile types, such as precast driven piles may also
be feasible, but may not provide adequate lateral load carrying capacity if they are unable to penetrate far
enough into rock.
On the southern abutment, and for piers within the river channel, driven open steel tubes are an
option. Steel tubes can be driven to significant depths through the water laden alluvial sediments from a
barge. Other pile types, such as precast piles and bored piles, whilst feasible, may be more challenging to
install from a floating platform.
The construction of approach embankments to the new bridge could involve the placement of up to 5 m of
new fill above the existing ground surface. The placement of fill will induce settlements in the low strength
alluvial deposits. Some of this settlement will occur during construction and could be about 600 to 2200 mm
for a 5 m high embankment, depending on the construction duration and adopted ground
treatment. However, significant settlement comprising ongoing primary consolidation and creep (secondary
consolidation) will occur after construction is completed. This ongoing settlement has the potential to
damage the pavement.
A typical ground treatment option aimed at reducing the amount of post-construction settlement is preloading
and surcharging with the installation of wick drains to accelerate the rate of primary consolidation. A
surcharge is an additional height of fill placed above the proposed finished pavement level. Our calculations
indicate that even after preloading (with a 3 m high surcharge and wick drains) for a period of 6 to 12
months, the post-construction settlement would be of the order 500 mm over the next 20 years and the
design settlement criteria stipulated by Roads and Maritime would not be achieved. A 5 m high embankment
could be built without the need for treatment; however application of an additional surcharge would require
the use of staged construction, geogrid or stability berms. The impact of the ongoing settlement on the
pavement performance would need to be managed by periodically topping up the road level.
The impact of flood events on the on the feasibility of this ground treatment option should also be
considered.

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An alternative approach to ground treatment would be piled embankment approaches. A piled embankment
could be designed to meet the settlement criteria, with the aim of limiting ongoing pavement maintenance. A
piled embankment also avoids the need for additional quantities of fill that would be brought to site for
surcharging. The feasibility of piled embankments will need to be addressed at the design development
stage.
The new at-grade road approaches should be designed using a California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of
4%. Roads constructed on new engineered fill in accordance with Roads and Maritime Specification R44
can be designed using a CBR of 12%, provided the CBR of the fill is verified during construction.
Other issues that will need to be considered include:

Sources and availability of fill for embankment construction as fill will need to be imported;

Managing the potential disturbance of acid sulfate soils during construction activities;

Managing construction during wet weather when trafficability across the low-lying alluvial floodplains is
likely to be poor; and

The design and construction of temporary works, such as working platforms for piling, which could
extend into the river and may be prone to flood events during the construction period.

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1.0
1.1

INTRODUCTION
Terms of Reference and Objectives

Golder Associates Pty Ltd (Golder) was appointed by Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd (KBR) to provide
geotechnical services for the Sportsmans Creek new bridge project. This bridge project is part of the statewide Bridges for the Bush Program that involves the replacement of selected timber road bridges around
NSW. KBR has been appointed by NSW Roads and Maritime Services (Roads and Maritime) to carry out a
concept option assessment for the Sportsmans Creek new bridge project. The project also includes the
demolition of the existing timber bridge at Sportsmans Creek. The NSW Government has undertaken to
construct the new bridge by 2015.
Services to be provided by Golder are set out in our proposal (Ref. P37622022_001_P_Rev0, dated 20
February 2013) and variation document 137622029-004-L-Rev1, which outlines the change in investigation
methodology after completion of the desktop study. This report presents the results of a geotechnical
investigation focused along the preferred alignment option of the new bridge including approach roads.
The proposed new bridge and approach roads are on the southern outskirts of Lawrence in northern New
South Wales (shown in Figure 1, attached to this report).

1.2

Project Background

The Sportsmans Creek new bridge project involves the design and construction of the new bridge (and road
approaches) over Sportsmans Creek, and the demolition of the existing timber dare truss bridge. KBR
developed alternative route options, from which a preferred option has been chosen.
A Concept Design Team workshop was held on 25th and 26th June 2013, involving representatives from
KBR, Roads and Maritime, and appointed sub-consultants. At the workshop a preliminary evaluation of study
area constraints was carried out and the initial assessment of 6 potential routes was undertaken. As part of
the development of the route options Golder carried out a desktop study to assess geotechnical and
environmental constraints and opportunities. The results of the desk study were presented in Golder
Associates report (137622029_001_R_Rev2) Geotechnical and Environmental Desktop Study, Sportsmans
Creek new bridge, 4 September 2013.
During December 2013, Golder undertook geotechnical investigations along the preferred alignment. The
investigation consisted of borehole drilling, excavation of test pits, Cone Penetrometer Tests (CPTs), a
seismic refraction profile across the creek bed and laboratory testing. This report presents the results of the
geotechnical investigations completed by Golder and provides geotechnical input for the design development
of the new bridge and approaches.

1.3

Previous Investigations and Reports

Several documents and relevant previous reports were provided to Golder by KBR and Roads and Maritime
for review as part of this project. Reports of specific relevance to this project included:

Coffey Geosciences Report (NR1103/1-P) on Geotechnical Investigations, Proposed New Bridge


across Sportsmans Creek, 5 July 2002.

Maclean Shire Council/ RTA, Environmental Impact Statement, Demolition of existing bridge and
construction of new bridge over Sportsmans Creek, Lawrence, May 2002.

RTA, Pavement Investigation Report Sportsmans Creek Bridge and Temporary Ferry Loading Areas,
March 2004, Report H/42330-B

The preferred option (Option 2), differs to the alignment investigated in 2002, previously referred to as the
Grafton Street alignment. The main difference between the preferred option and the previous Grafton Street
alignment is the position and orientation of the southern approach to Sportsmans Creek. The position of the
southern abutment of the current alignment is approximately 50m to the west of the previously investigated
option.

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2.0

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF SITE INVESTIGATIONS

The objective of the geotechnical investigations and laboratory testing was to provide information for use by
Roads and Maritime and KBR during the design and development of the new bridge. This information will
also enable construction tenderers to make an assessment of the impacts and implications of the geological,
geotechnical, hydrogeological characteristics, potentially contaminated soils and Acid Sulfate Soils that may
be disturbed during construction of the new bridge and approach embankments.

3.0
3.1

REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY


Rock and Soil Geology

The 1:250 000 scale NSW Department of Mineral Resources 1970 Geological Map Maclean (series sheet
SH56-7) indicates that the study area is underlain, at depth, by geological rock units of the Bundamba
Group. The majority of the area is underlain by rocks belonging to the Late Jurassic Grafton Formation,
consisting of interbedded sandstone, clayey siltstone, claystone, and minor coal seams. Bedding is thin to
thick, and commonly with a ferruginous lateritic weathering profile.
The 1:100,000 Grafton Area Coastal Quaternary Geology Map indicates that the rock units in the majority of
the Lawrence area are overlain by Holocene Alluvial Deposits, which include levee and floodplain deposits of
sands, silts, clays, organic mud, and minor gravels. There is also potential for Pleistocene Beach sand
deposits under the alluvial deposits, which may be indurated (cemented).
There is a small area of in-channel bar deposits near the mouth of Sportsmans Creek, consisting of fluvial
sand, gravel, silt and clay. There is also indication of alluvial paleochannel (buried / in-filled river channel)
and inter-levee swale deposits in the vicinity of the study area, consisting of organic mud, peat, clay, silt, and
fluvial sands. The Quaternary geology of the study area is presented on Figure 2, attached to this report.

3.1.1

Topography

The topography within the study area is characterised by typically low elevation flood plain terrain associated
with the Clarence River and Sportsmans Creek systems. The typical site elevation within the study area
south of Sportsmans Creek ranges between RL 3 m to RL 5 m AHD. Elevations north of Sportsmans Creek
within the study area vary laterally and range from RL 1 m to RL 5 m AHD.

3.1.2

Groundwater and Hydrology

The dominant surface water feature is east-west running Sportsmans Creek, which connects to the Clarence
River, within the study area. Sportsmans Creek is about 100 m in width and drains in a south-east direction
under the existing bridge toward the Clarence River. Under low flow conditions, Sportsmans Creek may
experience an afflux of water from the Clarence River, where water from the Clarence River flows upstream
into Sportsmans Creek. There is a weir installed upstream in Sportsmans Creek, to prevent incursion of
saltwater into the wetlands.1
The inferred direction of surface and ground water flow is to the east along the surface, constrained by the
natural flood levies along the banks of Sportsmans Creek and through the sandy alluvium layers (charged by
flow from land at higher elevations north and east of the study area).
Wet ground conditions are likely to occur behind the natural flood levies for Sportsmans Creek.

3.1.3

Climatic Conditions

The geotechnical investigations (Golder 2013, Coffey 2002) and pavement investigations (RTA 2004) have
been conducted during different seasonal climatic conditions. Variation in climatic conditions (particularly
rainfall) will have an influence on the conditions encountered at the time of the investigations.
Historical rainfall records for the Lawrence Post Office, Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) Station Reference
058 033 and Brushgrove (Clarence Street), BoM Station Reference 580 006 were obtained from the Bureau
1

M. Tulau 1999, http://test.dnr.nsw.gov.au/care/soil/as_soils/pdfs/ass_clarence.pdf

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of Meteorology website (www.bom.gov.au). Average monthly rainfall for the Lawrence station is summarised
in Figure 4. Due to several data gaps in the Lawrence data, Brushgrove (10 km South of Lawrence) rainfall
data has been summarised in Figure 5 to show the annual rainfall for the region over the past century. The
historical mean annual rainfall for the Lawrence area is 1070 mm per year (recorded at the Lawrence Post
Office), which is below the average annual rainfall limits for Roads and Maritime Climatic Zone 7, which
covers the NSW North Coast and South West Rocks.

Lawrence AverageMonthlyRainfall
MeanMonthlyRainfall(mm)

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Month
Figure 4 : Lawrence Rainfall Data (www.bom.gov.au)

Maclean(ClarenceSt) AnnualRainfall
2500

AnnualRainfall(mm)

2000
1500
1000
500

1896
1900
1904
1908
1912
1916
1920
1924
1928
1932
1936
1940
1944
1948
1952
1956
1960
1964
1968
1972
1976
1980
1984
1988
1992
1996
2000
2004
2008
2012

Figure 5 : Maclean Annual Rainfall Data


The historical rainfall records indicate that:

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The current investigations (Golder 2013) were carried out during drier than average December climatic
conditions, with only 24 mm recorded in Dec. 2013, however 310 mm of rainfall was recorded in Nov.
2013, well in excess of the historical monthly average;

The investigations by Coffey in 2001/2002 were preceded by an extended period of several years of
lower annual rainfall, with the investigations being undertaken in August, a generally dry month; and

The pavement investigations by RTA in 2004 were carried out during March and the wetter part of the
annual cycle, however the annual rainfall was close to the average.

4.0
4.1

GEOTECHNICAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS


Scope of Work

The scope of the 2013 investigation was previously outlined in Section 2 of this report and consisted of:

1 borehole which was drilled using a truck mounted drilling rig;

4 test pits excavated using an excavator;

Dynamic Cone Penetrometer testing was undertaken adjacent to test pit excavations to assess in-situ
material consistency and/or density;

2 Cone Penetration Tests (CPT), including in-situ dissipation and vane shear testing, using a truck
mounted rig;

105 m length of overwater seismic profiling;

Coordinate survey, by registered NSW surveyors, of completed investigation locations;

Geotechnical and environmental laboratory testing of recovered samples from the borehole and test pits
to determine design parameters, potential for contamination and prevalence of potential acid sulfate
soils (PASS).

The location of the completed geotechnical investigations, the concept alignment and previous investigation
locations that are relevant to the new bridge alignment are shown on Figure 1, attached to this report.

4.2

Boreholes

Borehole BH101 was drilled using a truck mounted drilling rig, supplied by North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd. The
technical objective of this borehole was to assess the nature and thickness of alluvial soils present and to
determine the bedrock level on the southern bank at the approximate location of the southern abutment.
The target depth of the borehole was governed by the requirement to obtain and recover a minimum of 6 m
of medium strength (or better) rock.
This hole was drilled vertically (90 from horizontal). Drilling through soils was carried out using auger and
rotary drilling techniques. Standard Penetration Tests (SPTs) were conducted at nominal 1.5 m intervals in
non-cohesive soils or undisturbed U50 (50 mm diameter) tube samples were obtained in soft and firm
alluvium soils.
On completion of the borehole, the hole was grouted to the ground surface.
The borehole drilling was carried out under the full time supervision of an experienced geotechnical engineer
from Golder Associates, who instructed the drillers on in-situ testing and sampling requirements, described
and logged the soil and rock encountered. Rock core obtained during the drilling was logged, boxed and
photographed on site. Point Load Index (Is50) strength tests were also conducted with the results of point
load strength tests included on the borehole log.
The borehole log, including results of point load index strength tests, core photography and explanatory
notes is presented in Appendix A.
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No additional drilling was carried out on the northern abutment as the current position of the northern
abutment is similar to the previously investigation Grafton Street alignment which was previously investigated
by Coffey (2001/2002) which included cored borehole information that would be suitable for the purposes of
this investigation and report.

4.3

Test Pits

Test Pits were excavated using a 7 t tracked excavator supplied by Shipman Construction Pty Ltd to obtain
information on sub grade conditions along the alignment, to refine knowledge on the boundaries between
local, near surface geological units, and to obtain bulk samples for earthworks testing. Three of the pits
(TP101, TP102 and TP103) were excavated to depths of up to 3.0 m, or prior collapse of the test pit
sidewalls. TP104 was only excavated to a depth of 0.8 m due to the presence of a redundant buried service
at this location.
The test pits were excavated under the full time supervision of a geotechnical engineer from Golder
Associates, who logged the soils encountered, photographed the completed test pit and carried out in-situ
testing.
All the pits were backfilled with the excavated material, with the backfill material compacted using the bucket
of the machine. Completed Test Pits were mounded to allow for some settlement of the backfill material.
Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) tests were conducted adjacent to the Test Pits for the purposes of
assessing the in-situ density or consistency of material. DCPs were conducted from the ground surface,
adjacent to each test pit to depths of up to 1.5 m or prior practical refusal.
The test pit logs, including test pit photography and results of DCP testing and explanatory notes are
presented in Appendix B.

4.4

Cone Penetration (CPT) Testing

4.4.1

Piezocone Tests

Two CPTs on the southern bank of Sportsmans Creek were carried out by NewSyd Geotechnical Testing,
using a truck mounted CPT rig.
The cone was pushed into the ground at a rate of about 2 cm/sec. During the test the following parameters
were recorded:

Cone tip resistance, qc;

Sleeve friction;

Pore pressure;

Cone inclination; and

Rate of penetration.

The data was transmitted electronically to a logger and computer aboard the rig, allowing real-time
observation of data plots, which are presented in Appendix C. These plots are uncorrected for the effects of
the cross sectional area behind the cone tip. The plots include the parameter, Friction Ratio, which is the
ratio of the sleeve to cone tip resistance. This is a useful parameter for aiding interpretation of soil types. In
general, a low friction ratio indicates a coarse grained soil (sands, gravel) whereas relatively high friction
ratios are indicative of fine-grained soils (clays and silts). This generalisation becomes less reliable at very
low cone resistance values.

4.4.2

Dissipation Tests

Two pore pressure dissipation tests were completed during the CPT testing at depths of 11.0 m and 14.5 m
in CPT-1. Generally these tests were targeted in soils in which excess pore pressures were generated
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during cone testing. The objective of the tests was to assess the rate of dissipation of the excess pore
pressures generated by pushing the cone. This is useful for assessing the soil type, behaviour and rate of
consolidation of the compressible layers. The results of the dissipation tests are plotted graphically in
Appendix C.

4.4.3

Vane Shear Tests

Vane shear testing is an established method of assessing the in-situ undrained peak and residual shear
strengths of cohesive soils. Vane shear tests were carried out in cohesive soils because other types of insitu tests (such as SPT tests) involve significant amounts of sample disturbance and reliance on generalised
correlations.
Six Vane shear tests were undertaken using computer controlled vane shear testing apparatus from the CPT
rig using the procedure described in AS 1289.6.2.1 (1997). Summary plots of the Vane Shear Results are
provided in Appendix C. The vane shear tests were carried out in a new hole proximal to CPT101.

4.5

Seismic Profiling

Seismic refraction profiling was carried out along the overwater section of the alignment of the new bridge
and approaches. A single refraction line of approximately 105m in length was carried out from the northern
bank at Grafton Street to the southern bank, to the west of the boatramp. The start and end points of the
refraction line were selected to correspond to the anticipated positions of the northern and southern bridge
abutments. The seismic refraction profiling was undertaken by Earth Technology Solutions Pty Ltd.
The objective of carrying out seismic refraction profiling across Sportsmans Creek was to determine the
bedrock profile across the creek, noting that results from previous investigations (Coffey 2001/2002)
indicated significant variability in the bedrock topography. The seismic refraction profiling was selected to
provide a continuous profile along the new bridge alignment.
The interpretation of seismic velocities of the insitu soils and underlying bedrock provide an efficient and
continuous profile of rock head levels across the creek in advance of detailed investigations involving
overwater borehole drilling.
A separate refraction report and interpreted geological long section are available in Appendix D and have
been included in the inferred geological model.

4.6
4.6.1

Laboratory Testing
Geotechnical Laboratory Testing

A programme of geotechnical laboratory testing was carried out by SGS Australia Pty Ltd, on samples
obtained during the investigations from boreholes and test pits to classify and assess the engineering
characteristics of the soil and rock samples collected. The scope of laboratory testing carried out is
presented in Table 1.
Summary tables of test results and laboratory test certificates are included in Appendix E.

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Table 1: Scope of Geotechnical Laboratory Testing


Results

Standard or
Procedure

Soil index and behavior

RMS T108
AS 1289.3.1.2,
3.2.1, 3.3.1, 3.4.1
RMS T107 and
T190
AS1289.3.6.1/3
RMS T120
AS 1289.2.1.1
AS 1289.6.6.11998
AS 1289.6.4.2

Number
of Tests

Laboratory Test

Atterberg Limits (PL, LL, plus linear shrinkage)

Particle Size Distribution with Hydrometer

Moisture Content

Consolidation Tests

Consolidated Un-drained Triaxial with pore water


measurements

Standard Compaction and CBR 10 day soak


(100% SMDD) 4.5kg surcharge. (RMS T111)

Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial

Soil index and behavior

4.6.2

Soil index and behavior


Settlement parameters
Soil strength
parameters
Pavement design
parameters
Undrained shear
strength

RMS T111
AS 1289.6.1.11998

Contamination and Acid Sulfate Soils Testing

Contamination Testing
A limited suite of contamination sampling and laboratory testing was undertaken. Laboratory testing was
undertaken at Envirolab Laboratories, a NATA accredited analytical laboratory in Sydney. Samples were
collected using standard Quality Assurance/ Quality Control protocols for collection, preservation and
transportation of environmental samples. The scope of contamination testing undertaken is presented in
Table 2.
Table 2: Scope of Contamination Laboratory Testing
Contaminant / Analyte
Aggressivity- (Ph Cl SO4 EC)
8x metals, TRH, BTEX, PAH,
OCP/OPP/PCB, Asbestos
Acid Sulfate Field pH Test
SPOCAS/CRS

Number of Tests
3
5
10
6

pH, Cation Exchange Capacity,


Clay Content (%)

Herbicides (phenoxy acid


herbicides, triazine herbicides)

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Acid Sulfate Soils Testing


Soil samples were collected for the purpose of assessing for Potential Acid Sulfate Soils (PASS). A total of
ten samples were collected from the borehole and test pits and were tested for field pH (pHF) and field
peroxide (pHFOX).
The field pH test method is a qualitative method for assessing the potential for actual and potential acid
sulfate soils. The field peroxide test is used to test for the presence of unoxidised sulphides and therefore
potential acid sulfate soils.
The results of the field pH and field peroxide tests were used to determine which samples would be tested
for Suspension Peroxide Oxidation Combined Acidity and Sulfate (SPOCAS) and Chromium Reducable
Sulfur (CRS) tests. The following guidelines were adopted for selecting the most suitable samples for
SPOCAS/CRS tests:

A pHFOX < 3

A reduction in pH of at least 1 Unit from pHF to pHFOX

The strength of reaction during oxidation

Three samples were scheduled for SPOCAS / CRS testing based on the above criteria.
The results of the contaminant and acid sulfate soils testing are presented in Appendix F and discussed in
more detail in Section 6.6 and 6.7.

5.0
5.1

RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS
Previous Investigations

The previous Coffey investigation focussed on a new bridge following the Grafton Street alignment to the
east of the 2013 Golder Investigation of the preferred alignment. The Coffey investigation indicates that on
the southern bank of Sportsmans Creek the subsurface soils comprise an upper layer of stiff desiccated clay,
overlying soft to firm clays to RL 30 m AHD . Coffey reported that the conditions at the northern approach to
Sportsmans Creek consist of stiff to very stiff silty clays, and loose to medium dense clayey silty sand, to a
depth of 4 m, underlain by weathered sandstone and minor siltstone. The depth to weathered rock is
relatively shallow (4 m depth) at the northern approach to the bridge, and hence falls sharply to the south
(34 m depth).
The Coffey investigation also consisted of six test pits, five on the southern bank and one on the northern,
which investigated the shallow ground conditions. Two samples, one from each bank, were scheduled for
laboratory CBR testing, no DCP results were provided to determine correlations.
In 2004 Roads and Maritime also undertook six test pits in the vicinity of the existing bridge and also to the
west along Grafton St and around the boat ramp area on the southern bank. RMS-TP4 and RMS-TP5 on the
southern bank and RMS-TP6 on the northern bank were considered as part of the review of the concept
alignment. The test pits all encountered silty clays and clays to the depth of investigation which are inferred
to be alluvial deposits associated with Sportsmans Creek. Laboratory CBR values from these pits and also
DCP to CBR correlations were provided by Roads and Maritime.
Extracts (relevant borehole, test pit logs and laboratory test certificates) are attached in Appendix G.

5.2

2013 Golder Investigation

The results of the most recent investigations indicate that on the southern side of Sportsmans Creek the
soils above rock head are mainly soft to firm, with little increase in strength with depth as shown in the SPT
results and CPT logs. It is inferred that the low shear strength soils have been deposited directly onto
medium to high strength rock, with no transition through residual soil or a weathered rock profile. This
suggests that scouring of the weathered rock profile occurred prior to placement of the existing soft soils.

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The additional borehole (BH101) and CPTs (CPT-1 and CPT-2) to the west of the previous investigation
locations (refer to Figure 2) generally encountered similar conditions to those described above and in the
previous investigations. Borehole BH101 encountered thin topsoil layer, overlaying a firm desiccated clay
layer; beneath this firm layer, the borehole intersected loose sands and interbedded layers of soft to very soft
alluvial clays and silts. Rock head was at 32 m below the surface, from which coring commenced to recover
7.32 m of medium to high strength sandstone and siltstone.
The very low strength alluvial conditions at the southern abutment and approach to Sportsmans Creek were
confirmed in CPT-101 and CPT-102, which encountered soils with generally low Cone Resistance values (qc
< 1 MPa). Both CPTs and BH101 recorded a layer up to 4 m thick off loose sand between ~5 and 9 m below
the ground surface.
Test pits TP-102, TP-103 and TP-104 to the north of the proposed bridge location encountered a thin,
~1.5 m, thick layer of soft to firm alluvial clay overlying alluvial sands.

5.3

Geotechnical Units

For the purpose of characterisation of the subsurface conditions, the soil and rock types along the preferred
route alignment have been generalised into geotechnical units, which are summarised in Table 3. This
geotechnical model was developed to provide a geological overview for both soil and rock profiles and to
provide engineering characteristics for this material along the alignment. The geotechnical units have been
developed based on regional geological and topographical information and findings and characterisation of
data from recent and historical site investigations.
Table 3: Sportsmans Creek - Geotechnical Units
Unit

Approx. Depth
(m)

0.0 0.3

FILL/ Topsoil

Description

0.3 5.0
9.0 - 31
(south bank)

Unit 1 Cohesive Alluvium


0.0 4.0
(north bank)

Variable Clayey SAND to Silty CLAY


Silty to Sandy CLAY, medium to high plasticity, soft to firm
along the south bank, soft to stiff on the northern bank
Slightly overconsolidated to approximately 20 m depth (south
bank), then normally consolidated below this depth. This unit is
interbedded with Unit 2 adjacent to the creek banks.
The upper 300-1000mm of this unit comprises a desiccated
firm to very stiff crust
SAND, medium grained, very loose to loose, saturated.

Unit 2 Granular Alluvium

5.0 - 9.0
This unit is interbedded with Unit 1.
32 - 34
(CPT-1 only)

Unit 3 Residual Soil

>30
(southern bank)

Unit 4 Rock
>4.0
(northern bank)
1)

5.3.1

Sandy or Silty CLAY, very stiff to hard

Interbedded fine grained SANDSTONE, slightly weathered to


fresh, low strength becoming high strength at approximately
1m depth into unit and SILTSTONE, slightly weathered to
fresh, low strength

Depth below ground surface level

Seismic Profiling

Interpretation of the seismic profiling (Appendix D) generally indicated two layers beneath the water channel,
summarised in Table 4 and appended to this report.

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Table 4: Summary geological conditions inferred from Seismic Profile


Seismic Layer

Velocity Range (m/s)

1500 1600

2050 2250

Interpreted Geological Units


Alluvial sediments consistent with very loose to loose sand
(Unit 2), overlying silt and silty sand and very soft to soft
clay (Unit 1)
Medium to high strength sandstone (Unit 4)

An inferred geological long section along the preferred alignment is attached to this report as Figure 3. The
long section includes the recent and historical investigation information and also includes inferred boundaries
between the geotechnical units.

5.4

Undrained Shear Strength

The undrained shear strength of Unit 1 cohesive alluvium was assessed using the following methods for the
purposes of assigning preliminary geotechnical design parameters:

Disturbed sampling and testing methods during borehole drilling, including SPT tests insitu and
penetrometer tests on undisturbed tube (U50) samples;

Using results from the CPT tests and adopting standard correlations, including correction factors, for
assessing undrained shear strength from cone tip resistance. The relationship between cone tip
resistance, overburden stress and shear strength is shown in Figure 6. An Nkt factor of 14 was used;

Insitu vane shear tests;

Laboratory testing comprising unconsolidated undrained triaxial (UU) and consolidated undrained
traixial (CU) testing.

A plot of the undrained shear strength of soils, as assessed using the above techniques, at the southern
abutment is presented in Figure 6.

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Figure 6: Shear Strength Profile of Unit 1 materials

5.5

Soil Compressibility

The compressibility of Unit 1 cohesive alluvium was assessed using the following:

Laboratory oedemeter tests;

Correlations to Atterberg Limit laboratory test results;

Dissipation tests carried out during CPT testing.

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Plots of Unit 1 compressibility parameters are presented in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Compressibility Parameters for Unit 1 Materials

5.6

Soil Plasticity

Figure 8 shows the plot of the soils plasticity index from laboratory samples. Results from BH01, BH101,
TP101 and TP103 are plotted and generally indicate that the Unit 1 clays are medium to high plasticity. The
low to medium plasticity result is from a near surface (0.5 m) sample from TP101 on the southern
embankment.

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Figure 8: Plasticity Index of Laboratory Samples

5.7

Subgrade Strength California Bearing Ratio

The strength of subgrade materials along the approach alignments (southern and northern) has been
assessed using laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests and insitu Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
(DCP) test results. Reference to relevant historical laboratory and field test results has also been made in
this assessment (Coffey 2002 and RTA 2004).

Southern Approach
A total of three laboratory CBR test results have been reviewed and are considered relevant to the current
alignment. All CBR testing was carried out to RTA/RMS standards at the time of testing.
Laboratory results for Unit 1 indicate that in the desiccated crust, down to around 0.5 m, CBR values ranges
from 5 to 7 (Table 5), however lower values are expected below this crust based on the correlation of DCP
results to CBR (after applying RMS Specification T161 Penetration resistance of a soil) as shown in Figure
9.
Table 5: Laboratory CBR Results for Unit 1 South Bank
Test Location
TP3
RMS-TP5
TP101

Depth

Laboratory CBR (at 5.0mm)

0.4 to 0.8 m
0.8 to 1.7 m
0.5 to 1.0 m

7
5
7

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DCPtoCBRCorrelation(RMST161) SouthBank

CorrelatedCBRValue
8
10

12

14

16

18

Depthbelowsurface(mm)

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
TP101

RMSTP4

RMSTP5

Figure 9 : DCP to CBR Correlation - South Bank of Sportsmans Creek

Northern Approach
A total of four laboratory CBR test results have been reviewed and are considered relevant to the current
alignment and for Unit 1 on the northern bank of Sportsmans Creek. All CBR testing was carried out to
RTA/Roads and Maritime standards at the time of testing.
Reported laboratory CBR results for subgrade materials recovered from Unit 1 ranges from 2 (measured at
2.5 mm) to 7 (Table 6). Estimated CBR values from DCP testing are between 2 and 15 below 2 m (Figure
10). Similar to Unit 1 on the southern bank, the inferred CBR values, correlated from DCP results, fall into a
range between 2 and 4 below 0.5 m depth.
Table 6: Laboratory CBR Results for Unit 1 North Bank
Test Location

Depth

TP4
RMS-TP6
TP102
TP103

0.5 to 0.8 m
0.2 to 0.5 m
0.5 to 1.0 m
0.5 to 1.0 m

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Laboratory CBR (at 5.0mm)


7
2 (2.5 mm)
6
4.5

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DCPtoCBRCorrelation(RMST161) NorthBank

CorrelatedCBRValue
8
10

12

14

16

18

Depthbelowsurface(mm)

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
TP103

TP102

RMSTP6

TP104

Figure 10 : DCP to CBR Correlation - North Bank of Sportsmans Creek


It should be noted that insitu CBR values derived from DCP testing are dependent on the moisture condition
of the soil at the time of testing. Extended periods of dry weather may result in higher CBR values derived
from DCP testing compared to values derived during or following periods of wet weather.

5.8

Results of Contamination Testing

A Geotechnical and Environmental Desk Study (Golder doc ref. 137622029-001-R-Rev2) was carried out
during the options development phase for the project. The environmental assessment component of the
desk study comprised of:

Review of selected publicly available historical information, including historical aerial photography.

Regulatory databases and notices, including EPA Registers of Contaminated Sites.

Publicly available hydrological, geological and soils information relevant to the study area.

A site walkover was also conducted as part of the study to visually assess for potential contaminants within
the study area.
Based on the results of the desk study relevant to the current bridge and approach alignment, a Phase 2
Environmental Investigation was not required. However, a limited suite of contamination testing was
undertaken.
The results of laboratory tests undertaken were compared to the following criteria:

Contaminant threshold values for General Solid Waste (GSW) and Restricted Solid Waste (RSW)
presented in the Waste Classification Guidelines Part 1: Classifying Waste published by the then
Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW 2009).

Investigation and screening levels for public open space land use documented in Schedule B1 of the
amended National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measure 1999 (NEPC
2013) (the NEPM) including:

Health Investigation Levels (HILs);


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Ecological Investigation Levels (EILs);


Ecological Screening Levels (ESLs) for coarse soils; and
Health Screening Levels (HSLs).
Many of the laboratory results for analytes testing recorded non-detect for the particular analyte. For those
analytes that were detected in samples, results were generally below the maximum allowable levels
described in the above regulatory guidelines. One sample (identified as 137622029_tp03-004), contained
benzo(a)pyrene at a concentration of 0.92 mg/kg, which exceeded the DECCW 2009 threshold value for
disposal as GSW of 0.8mg/kg and the NEPC 2013 ESL of 0.7 mg/kg. The exceedance is likely attributable to
shallow fill material observed at this location.
Laboratory test certificates and summary tables are presented in Appendix F.

5.9

Results of Acid Sulfate Soils Testing

A total of ten samples were collected and tested for field pH and field peroxide units for purposes of
assessing for the presence of actual or potential acid sulfate soils. The results of the field pH and field
peroxide tests are summarised below.
Table 7: Results of Field pH and Field Peroxide Testing
pHF (field pH test)

pHFOX
(field peroxide
test)

pH Units
(pHF - pHFOX)

Reaction Rate

BH101 (0.5m)

5.3

2.9

2.4

High

BH101 (2.5-2.9m)
BH101 (5.5-5.95m)
BH101 (16.0-16.45m)
TP101 (0.5m)

6.3
6.7
7.8
5.4

2.9
2.1
2.3
3.3

3.4
4.6
5.5
2.1

High
High
Moderate
High

Sample
Identification
Depth

TP102 (0.3m)
5.6
2.9
2.7
High
TP102 (0.5m)
5.6
2.7
2.9
High
TP103 (0.3m)
5.8
3.0
2.8
High
TP103 (0.5m)
5.9
3.0
2.9
High
TP104 (0.3m)
6.4
6.3
0.1
Vigorous
Results are highlighted for pHFOX<3.0, pH >1.0 and Reaction Rate > High. Bold-Italic samples were
subsequently tested for SPOCAS/CRS.
Based on the results of field peroxide testing, all samples exhibit some or all of the characteristics of
Potential Acid Sulfate Soils (PASS) (ASSMAC 1998).
Three samples were tested for SPOCAS/CRS testing. The results of this supplementary testing are
presented below.
Table 8: Results of SPOCAS / CRS Testing
Sample
Identification /
Depth
BH101 (2.52.9m)
BH101 (5.55.95m)
TP102 (0.3m)

TPA pH 6.5
(moles H+/t)

SPOS (% w/w)

CRS (% w/w)

a-CRS (% w/w)

Liming Rate
(kg CaCO3/t)

260

0.21

0.11

66

14

400

0.78

0.43

270

37

90

0.03

<0.005

<3

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Shaded cells indicate exceedance of trigger limits presented in Table 4.4 of the ASSMAC Guidelines
(ASSMAC 1998) requiring the need to prepare an acid sulfate soils management plan which would require
approval by the consent authority.

5.9.1

Groundwater Observations

Groundwater seepage was observed in BH101 (RL 2.43 m AHD) at a depth of 2.0 m, 1.8 m in TP101 (RL
2.86 m AHD), 2.5 m in TP102 (RL 2.54 m AHD) and 2.0 m in TP103 (RL 2.88 m AHD) indicating the local
groundwater level was at approximately RL 0 m AHD at the time of the investigations; however there is some
local variation on the northern embankment, possibly associated with perched water tables or water charged
sand layers, with the local water level expected to fluctuate with tidal changes.

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6.0

DISCUSSION & RECOMMENDATIONS

The key geotechnical constraints for the new bridge and road approaches are:

the presence of more than 30 m thickness of highly compressible alluvial soils along the alignment on
the south side of Sportsmans Creek that may be subject to consolidation under proposed embankment
dead and live loads;

significant deepening of the rock head level from north to south along the proposed bridge alignment;

the absence of a weathering profile in the sandstone bedrock and an abrupt transition from low strength
soils to relatively high strength rock;

shallow groundwater within 2 to 3 m of the ground surface; and

the potential for wet ground surface conditions.

The effects of these features on the proposed new bridge design are discussed in the sections below.

6.1

Embankment Concept Design

Embankment fills are required to achieve design levels on the northern and southern bridge approaches. At
this preliminary stage, double sided embankments are proposed based on the current concept design and
the relative flatness of the approach plains. Embankments heights (above adjacent ground level) are
expected to generally be between about 1 m on the flood-plains and 5 m adjacent to the bridge abutments.

Southern Embankment
The depth to rock beneath the southern embankment is up to 30 m and is largely overlain by 25 m of very
soft to soft, normally consolidated cohesive alluvial sediments. A layer of loose sands 4 to 5 m thick overlies
these soft sediments and is overlain by a firm layer of clay close to the ground surface.
The rock contour drops steeply from the northern to southern embankment (inferred from borehole logs, CPT
refusal depths and seismic profiling) though the location of the southern extent of the Sportsmans Creek
channel is unknown at this stage.

Northern Embankment
Medium to high strength sandstone was encountered within 5 m of the surface in Coffey BH04, however was
not confirmed in any of the recent test pits excavated in this area. The test pits on the northern side of
Sportsmans Creek intersected firm to stiff alluvial clays and loose to medium dense sand layers.

6.1.1

Roads and Maritime Embankment Design Criteria

Design and construction of embankments for Roads and Maritime Services (Roads and Maritime) projects
are typically guided by project specific Scope of Work and Technical Criteria (SWTC) documents and Roads
and Maritime Earthworks Specifications (Roads and Maritime R44). The SWTC documents typically outline
the design criteria to which embankment and pavement performance is expected to comply, and Roads and
Maritime Specification R44 provides the minimum requirements for earthworks including foundation
preparation and fill compaction.
As outlined above the southern embankment is located over soft compressible soils and will require
additional measures to manage settlement. Embankment settlements can be considered in two parts,
namely construction stage settlements and post-construction settlements (PCS).

Construction stage settlements include the primary consolidation settlements and secondary
consolidation (creep) settlements that have occurred up until the end of construction;

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Post-construction settlements include remaining primary consolidation and secondary consolidation


settlements after the completion of construction.

Embankments have the potential for large total, differential and creep settlements, and are often categorized
into three zones reflecting the different behavioural requirements placed on each. A diagram of these zones
is Figure 11.

Structural Zone A this is the embankment zone approximately 20 m behind the bridge abutment and
includes the 6 m approach zone. Post-construction settlements and differential settlements need to be
limited due to the proximity to the rigid abutment structure. The design may also require limiting the
lateral displacement induced on abutment piles.

Transition Zone B this is the transition zone between the Structural Zone and the general
embankment zone to provide a gradual increase in post-construction settlements. The length of the
Transition Zone is expected to be about 50 m.

General embankment Zone C this is the zone beyond the Transition Zone B.

Figure 11 : Adopted Soft Soil Treatment Zones


The design of these embankments and pavements should include a strategy to optimise the pavement types
and maintenance strategy with the embankment foundation improvement techniques proposed and the
residual settlement predicted.
The settlement criteria selected for the approach embankments will depend on the design traffic speed,
safety and other operational considerations, and Roads and Maritime strategy for pavement maintenance
and whether correctional top-up courses can be used to rectify excessive settlement. Assuming a local
road designation and a design speed of 50 km/hr, settlement tolerances may be in the order of:

Maximum residual settlement of 200 mm in 20 years (outside Structural Zone); and

Maximum change of grade, in any direction, of 1% over 20 years.

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6.2

Geotechnical Design Parameters

The material properties adopted for geotechnical analysis were derived from typical values, laboratory test
results and in-situ testing carried out in 2002 and 2013. The adopted design parameters are shown in Table
9 and Table 10.
Table 9: Geotechnical Design Parameters Strength

Unit

Undrained

Drained

Su (kPa)

c (kPa)

()

35

25

27

(kN/m )

Embankment FILL

20

NA

Unit 1 Cohesive Alluvium

17

0 1m: 40kPa
>1m: 15 + 1.2z
1

(to max 50kPa)

Unit 2 Granular Alluvium


Notes:

NA

17

1. Our adopted shear strength profile for Unit 1 is shown in Figure 6


z = Depth below ground surface
= Bulk unit weight
Su = Undrained shear strength
c = Drained cohesion
= Drained Friction angle

Table 10: Geotechnical Design Parameters Compressibility


E

Unit

MPa

Cr

Cc

NA

0.30

0.50

0.05

Unit 2 Granular Alluvium

10

0.20

NA

NA

6.2.1

2.0
NA

Ch
2

eo

OCR

1.1

above 1m = 3
below 1m = 1.2

(m /yr)

(%)

Unit 1 Cohesive Alluvium

Notes:

Cv

1.5
NA

2.0
NA

NA

NA

E = Drained Youngs Modulus


v = Poissons Ratio
Cc= Primary Compressibility Index
Cr = Unloading/Reloading Index
C = Secondary Compression Index
Cv / Ch = coefficient of consolidation (vertical/ horizontal)
eo = void ratio
OCR = Over Consolidation Ratio

Embankment Settlement (no ground treatment)

We have carried out preliminary analyses to assess the performance and long-term serviceability of the
proposed bridge embankments, based on the longitudinal section provided for the preferred alignment
concept design.

Southern Bank
For Concept Design we have assessed the indicative settlement under embankment loading at the southern
bank using the ground profile encountered in CPT-1. The preliminary embankment design drawing provided
indicates that the proposed embankment height is up to 5 m above the adjacent ground level at the bridge
abutment.
We have carried out analyses for six and twelve month construction (preload) durations, and for different
embankment heights. We have not assessed a preload duration longer than 12 months, as this would not
likely comply with project time restrictions.

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The results or our assessment are shown in Table 11.


Table 11: Predicted Settlement of Southern Embankment - no ground treatment
Embankment
Height (m)

Predicted PCS (mm)

Predicted Construction Settlement


(mm)

@ 20 yrs post construction

(Preload duration)

(Preload duration)

200 (6 months)

300 (6 months)

400 (6 months)

450 (6 months)

500 (6 months), 600 (12 months)

600 (6 months), 550 (12 months)

600 (6 months), 700 (12 months)

700 (6 months), 650 (12 months)

700 (6 months), 800 (12 months)

800 (6 months), 750 (12 months)

1
2
3
4
5

Due to the significant thickness of soft ground at the southern bank, it takes approximately 60 years to reach
90% of primary consolidation. For a six or twelve month preload duration, ongoing creep settlements are
expected to occur at a rate of about 100 to 150 mm per year for the first 5 years post-construction, reducing
to about 50 mm per year within 5 years.
This assessment considers foundation settlement as well as internal creep of the embankment fill. We have
used an embankment fill creep rate of 0.2% per log cycle of time. We have assumed that topsoil and
shallow unsuitable materials will be removed prior to embankment construction.
These indicative settlement values do not meet the Roads and Maritime criteria specified above (regardless
of design speed or pavement type), indicating that ground treatment will be required to reduce maintenance
requirements.
Settlement magnitude and rates may vary as a result of natural soil variability and the estimates given in this
report are based on the parameters we have used, which are likely to vary.

Northern Bank
We have assessed the settlements under embankment loading at the northern bank using the ground profile
encountered in BH4.
The results indicate that for an embankment height of 5 m and a six month preload duration, construction
settlements are in the order of 600 mm, and PCS are less than 200 mm over 20 years. Ongoing creep
settlements are expected to occur at a rate of about 10 to 15 mm per year.
These predicted settlement values indicate that Roads and Maritime total settlement criteria should be met,
but that a transition design will be required to meet differential settlement criteria.

6.2.2

Ground Treatment Options

A low embankment strategy, which consists of limiting embankment height to 1 to 2 m with occasional
asphalt correctional courses, is recommended for locations away from abutments where possible.
To apply this strategy, additional excavation may be required to meet the minimum earthworks thickness
requirements indicated by Roads and Maritime Specification R44 (typically about 1.2 m). If appropriate, lime
stabilisation may be considered as an option to reduce the depth of excavation required.
For higher embankments, the extent and depth of soft soils underlying the southern bank is likely to render
uneconomic or impractical options such as excavate and replace, stone columns or dynamic replacement.
Concrete injected columns or other pile options should be suitable to support the embankment in the
Structure Zone and partially in the Transition Zone.
An option to reduce PCS would be to apply a surcharge load during construction with the addition of wick
drains at nominal 1.5 m spacing to accelerate settlements during the preload period. To satisfy the project
time restrictions, the maximum allowable preload and surcharge duration is expected to be about 12 months.

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

23

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

The results of our preliminary assessment for 1.5 m and 3 m surcharge height options with wick drains are
provided in Table 12 and Table 13.
Table 12: Predicted Settlement of Southern Embankment 1.5m surcharge and wick drains
Predicted PCS (mm)

Embankment
Height (m)

Predicted Construction Settlement (mm)

1150 (6 months), 1350 (12 months)

500 (6 months), 300 (12 months)

1300 (6 months), 1550 (12 months)

550 (6 months), 300 (12 months)

1450 (6 months), 1750 (12 months)

600 (6 months), 350 (12 months)

(Preload & surcharge duration)

@ 20 yrs post construction

(Preload & surcharge duration)

Table 13: Predicted Settlement of Southern Embankment 3m surcharge and wick drains
PCS (mm)

Embankment
Height (m)

Construction Settlement (mm)

1400 (6 months), 1650 (12 months)

400 (6 months), 250 (12 months)

1600 (6 months), 1850 (12 months)

450 (6 months), 250 (12 months)

1700 (6 months), 2200 (12 months)

500 (6 months), 300 (12 months)

(Preload & surcharge duration)

@ 20 yrs post construction

(Preload & surcharge duration)

For a six or twelve month preload duration, ongoing post construction settlements are expected to occur at a
rate of about 100 to 150 mm per year for the first 5 years, reducing to about 50 mm per year within 5 years.
Note that to achieve 200 mm PCS, the preload and 3 m surcharge would need to be left in place for 5 years.
As the settlement shown above for the surcharge and wick drain ground treatment option does not comply
with typical Roads and Maritime criteria, the impact of the ongoing settlement on the pavement performance
could be assisted by periodically placing correctional top-up asphalt courses, but the Transition Zone is
likely to require concrete injected columns or other pile options to provide a reasonable transition from the
Structure Zone to the general embankments.
Additionally, a surcharge treatment option may not be a practical solution for Sportmans Creek due to the
impact of frequent flooding events on surcharge fill placement.

Embankment Stability
We have carried out limit-equilibrium slope stability analysis for short term (undrained) and long term
(drained) conditions at the southern embankment using the ground profile encountered in CPT-1. The
purpose of the short-term analyses was to check that the embankment would remain stable during
construction. We have modelled embankment batter slopes at 2(H):1(V), and southern bank slopes at
approximately 8(H):1(V) (as indicated by survey results). You advised that the embankment is to be set back
approximately 20 m from the creek.
We have assessed both the cross-section embankment stability and the longitudinal stability through the
abutment for a range of embankment heights. We have conservatively ignored the effect of reinforcement
provided by abutment piles.
We adopted target FoS values of 1.5 for long term conditions and 1.2 for short term conditions.
The results indicate that the cross-sectional stability of the embankment is achieved for both short and longterm conditions for embankment heights of up to 5 m, without the requirement for staged construction,
24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

24

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

stability berms or basal reinforcement. The longitudinal stability assessment indicates that for a 5 m
embankment height, an embankment offset from the creek of 20 m would meet design stability requirements.
Staged construction, stability berms or geogrid reinforcement are required where embankments are higher
than 5 m.
At this stage we have not assessed earthquake or flooding (rapid draw-down) conditions.

6.3

Bridge Foundation Options

6.3.1

Pile Foundation Options

Due to the variation in depth to rock along the length of the bridge, a practicable foundation solution will
consist of one or several of the piled solutions provided in Table 14. Discussion of the geotechnical and
construction challenges for each of the southern and northern abutments and piers across Sportsmans
Creek is included below with recommended pile options discussed thereafter.
Table 14: Alternative Pile Solutions
Pile Type
(typical ultimate load
capacity)

Advantages

Precast prestressed
concrete
Large displacement
550mm Dia. Octagonal
(5000kN+)

Reasonable Cost
Good load capacity
Self proving

Disadvantage

Limiting Depth

Difficult to handle overwater


(18T each) (fluctuating tides,
waves etc)

28-30m max.

Piles are slender and difficult


to handle overwater
Driven Precast
Segmental Concrete
Piles
275mm sq (800kN)
300mmsq (1200kN)
350mm sq (1750kN)
400mm sq (2500kN)

Lower capacity than bored


piles
Can be lowest cost

Sections: 14m
Mechanical or cast-insitu joints (expensive)

More susceptible to bending


limitations due to lateral soil
movement.

Self proving

Numerous piles / large pile


caps required
Limited depth, difficult to splice

Timber (800kN)

Relatively low cost

Sections: 18m

May not be approved by


Roads and Maritime

Relatively low cost

Bored piles

Extensive casing required for


deep rock profile

Higher capacity than precast


piles. Can increase capacity
with larger diameter
Can verify ground profile
through cuttings

Continous Flight Auger


(CFA) piles
600mm dia. (1400kN)
700 mm dia. (1900kN)
800 mm dia.(2500kN)
1200 mm dia. (6000kN)

Relatively low cost

Steel tubular piles


900mm dia.
1200 mm dia.
1500 mm dia.

Good load capacity, can socket


base if needed

Rock socketing feasible using


special cutting heads
Casing not required

Concrete plug through tube to

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

None

Heavy equipment
requirements

25

May not be approved


Roads and Maritime

by

Slenderness / Reinforcement
problematic at depth
More expensive than concrete
Probably more than precast
concrete.

<30m for 600mm dia.


32m for 700mm dia.
33m for 800mm dia.
35m for 1200mm dia.

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

Pile Type
(typical ultimate load
capacity)

Advantages

Disadvantage

Limiting Depth

improve bending moment


capacity and offset corrosion

For the driven pile solutions in Table 14, consideration should be made for high pile driving stresses that may
be generated to adequately socket the piles into the sandstone bedrock.

Southern Abutment
Geotechnical and construction related issues associated with the southern abutment include:

Thickness of soft, compressible soils will result in additional down-drag forces and bending on piles.
Lateral capacity of piles in these soils is likely to be limited. Temporary works / foundation improvement
may be required depending on piling rig loads during construction.

Depth to rock (32m) is greater than availability of pre-cast concrete pile segments.

If driven concrete piles are adopted as the preferred foundation then these would likely need to be
spliced.

If bored or CFA piles are adopted as the preferred foundation option then large piling equipment would
be required.

Open driven piles (eg. Tubular steel) would likely plug during driving.

Bored and CFA piles would generate a significant amount of spoil which has been classified as PASS.
Spoil would need to be treated with lime prior to disposal or reuse.

Weak and compressible soils necessitate piles founding on rock as insufficient end bearing is likely
within the alluvial sediments. Further, Roads and Maritime bridge specifications stipulate that piles
found in sound and un-yielding rock.

Potential pile foundation options for the southern abutment include:

Large diameter bored piles socketed into rock.

CFA piles socketed into rock (subject to Roads and Maritime specifications).

Pre-cast concrete octagonal piles driven to rock.

Open steel tubular piles driven to rock with a concrete plug.

Sportsmans Creek
Geotechnical and construction related issues associated with central (overwater) piers include:

Construction access limitations, due to navigational clearances under the existing bridge.

Variable thickness of soft compressible sediments that would generate down-drag forces and limited
lateral capacity.

The variation in pile length required would require pre-cast piles (either concrete or steel) to be custom
designed and manufactured to avoid the need for cutting and splicing piles.

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

26

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

Bored and CFA piles would not be suitable due to the size of the piling rig required and restricted
access for a jack up barge. Piles would need to be constructed from a floating barge or a temporary
access bund constructed into the creek. Due to the torsional forces generated when socketing bored or
CFA piles into rock these may be difficult to construct from a floating barge and require spoil handling
and disposal facilities, therefore this may eliminate bored and CFA piling options for the overwater pier
locations.

Corrosion and durability of all pile types (concrete or steel) would need to be considered in the detail
design phase.

Management of construction related purge water / drilling spoil during piling works would need to be
taken into account during planning and construction work.

Additional lateral loads on the piles / piers from flooding and vessel impact would need to be taken into
account during the detail design phase.

The selection of either a pile group (eg. driven concrete piles) with a pile cap or large diameter piles
constructed with either a pile to column or blade pier configuration would largely be dependent on urban
design, waterway opening and cost criteria. A pile to column arrangement is likely to be the most cost
effective and practical solution.

Potential pile foundation options for the central (overwater) piers include:

Pre-cast concrete octagonal piles driven to rock.

Open steel tubular piles driven to rock with a concrete plug.

Northern Abutment
Geotechnical and construction related issues associated with the northern abutment include:

The relatively shallow cover of soils overlying competent bedrock may limit the practicality of using precast driven (steel or concrete) piles due to the low lateral capacity of the soils.

Pre-cast concrete piles may need to be specifically manufactured / customised for this project due to
the relatively short length of the overall pile.

Potential foundation options for the northern abutment include:

Bored piles socketed into rock

Pre-cast driven concrete piles

Pad foundation

Construction of a pad foundation would require extensive excavation and dewatering over a relatively large
area. Temporary excavation support would be required.
At this stage of the concept design, the recommended piled option consists of driven open ended steel piles
at the southern and mid-stream locations, and shallow bored piles on the northern embankment. Additional
input will be required when structural loading is known to better refine the foundation options.

6.3.2

Pile Design Parameters

provides recommended pile design parameters, which may be used for the design of bored pile foundations.
Piles designed using these parameters are expected to have settlements less than 5% of the pile diameter.
Additional analysis may be required to confirm pile settlements satisfy design tolerances once configurations
and design loads are finalised.

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

27

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

filling associated with river bank remediation and the construction and excavation of the boat ramp on the
southern bank of Sportsmans Creek may also exist within the study area.
Existing fill, if it is encountered beneath the footprint of the proposed alignment, should be removed prior to
placing new fill.

7.2

Salinity

Sportsmans Creek, particularly at the confluence with the Clarence River, has the potential to be highly
saline. A review of publicly available information suggests that under low flow conditions, an afflux of
saltwater can occur up the Clarence River and into Sportsmans Creek3.

7.3

Earthquake Rating

The methods of assessing the earthquake risk classification are outlined in the Australian Standard
AS1170.4 (2007) Structural Design Actions, Part 4: Earthquake Actions in Australia.
For the Grafton area, AS 1170.4 indicates a hazard factor of 0.05.
The governing condition for the site subsoil class is the thickness and consistency of the subsurface
materials beneath the foundations. Based on the depth to rock on the southern embankment and the
thickness of soft soils, a Soil Class E is assigned in accordance with Section 4.2 of AS1170.4 (2007).
For structures sited on sub-soil Class E, the design shall consider the effects of subsidence or differential
settlement of the foundation material under the earthquake actions determined for the structure.

7.4

Groundwater Management

Key issues to consider for the management of groundwater during construction include:

The high groundwater table, which will likely result in the requirement for dewatering of excavations.
The depth of excavations for structures such as pavements should be limited where possible;

Acid sulfate soil leachate from dewatering of excavations or wick drain discharge. Where potentially
acidic groundwater is encountered in excavations or produced from wick drain discharge, appropriate
measures and water treatment and dosing systems will be needed manage discharge water quality;

Groundwater fluctuations related to tidal influences and flooding events. Temporary sheet piling may
be required during construction to protect worksites from water inflow; and

Aquifer cross-contamination and flow due to penetrating works such as piling. The use of temporary
casing for bored piles or the use of driven piles would effectively mitigate piling related cross-aquifer
contamination impacts.

7.5

Temporary Works

Temporary works that may be required for bridge construction include:

Working platforms for piling rigs. The stability and bearing capacity of these platforms will need to be
assessed;

Installation of temporary sheet piling for dewatering activities and protection of work areas from flood
events;

Placement of bridging layers to address poor site trafficability during wet weather across the low-lying
floodplains.

M. Tulau 1999, http://test.dnr.nsw.gov.au/care/soil/as_soils/pdfs/ass_clarence.pdf

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

31

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

8.0

RECOMMENDED INVESTIGATION FOR DETAILED DESIGN

To obtain adequate site information to proceed to detailed design, we recommend the following additional
site investigation is carried out:

Boreholes and Laboratory Testing

1 x borehole to be drilled at every pier and abutment location (in order to meet Roads and Maritime
requirements for bridge design), to obtain a minimum 3 m of competent rock core. This additional
drilling could be completed during the detail design or prior to construction, to confirm the assumptions
on pile toe elevations adopted in the detail design.

Drilling of boreholes at central (mid span) piers would require the use of rig mounted on a floating barge
with the total number of additional overwater boreholes determined by the number of overwater piers.

Undisturbed samples obtained from the above boreholes to enable further laboratory testing such as
UU and oedometer testing to confirm the strength and compressibility of Unit 1 materials across the
site.

Additional laboratory testing on potential acid sulfate soils may be required to refine predicted liming
rates of excavated spoil, should the selected / final piling option generate significant quantities of PASS
materials during construction.

Underground Storage Tanks near General Store


Additional assessment of the position and depth of the USTs may be required depending on the final
pavement and road design in the vicinity of the General Store. Non-destructive investigative techniques
could be utilised to define the extent of the USTs.

Instrumentation and Monitoring


During detail design, an instrumentation and monitoring plan (IMP) should be developed for the construction
and monitoring of the southern embankment. The objective of the IMP would be to measure actual
movements (vertical and lateral) as well as insitu soil behaviour during and post construction in order to
verify design assumptions and predictions.
The IMP may consist of installation of vibrating wire piezometers (to monitor dissipation of pore water
pressures), extensometers (to monitor settlements within the alluvial material), settlement plates (to monitor
settlements of the alluvial ground beneath the embankment) and inclinometers (to monitor for lateral
movements). Survey monitoring of survey targets should also be included in the IMP.

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

32

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

Report Signature Page

GOLDER ASSOCIATES PTY LTD

Nick Poriters
Senior Geotechnical Engineer

Graham Scholey
Principal Geotechnical Engineer

A.B.N. 64 006 107 857

Golder, Golder Associates and the GA globe design are trademarks of Golder Associates Corporation.

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1








 















 






 





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137622029
20/03/2014
FA
NPP

FIGURE 2

C GOLDER ASSOCIATES PTY. LTD. INFORMATION CONTAINED ON THIS DRAWING IS THE COPYRIGHT OF GOLDER ASSOCIATES PTY. LTD. UNAUTHORISED USE OR REPRODUCTION OF THIS PLAN EITHER WHOLLY OR IN PART WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION INFRINGES COPYRIGHT.

LEGEND
SEISMIC VELOCITY (m/s) AND INTERPRETED REFRACTOR BOUNDARY
BASED ON RECIPROCAL METHOD MINUS TIME AND TIME DEPTHS

1800

SEISMIC VELOCITY (M/S) BASED ON RECIPROCAL METHOD MINUS TIMES,


INTERPRETED REFRACTOR BOUNDARY BASED ON RECIPROCAL
METHOD TIME DEPTHS (SOLID LINE)OR LIMITED DATA* [(2), (3)] (DASHED
LINE )

1800

SEISMIC VELOCITY BASED ON LIMITED DATA* [(1), (3)] (HATCHED AREA)


AND THE VALUE OF THE HATCHED AREA IS THE SAME AS THE
ADJACEMENT MINUS TIMES VELOCITY

1800

SEISMIC VELOCITY (m/s) BASED ON LIMITED DATA* [(1), (3)] (HATCHED


AREA) AND INTERPRETED REFRACTOR BOUNDARY BASED ON LIMITED
DATA* [(1), (2) & (3)] (DASHED LINE)

1800

LATERAL SEISMIC VELOCITY BOUNDARY


* NB - LIMITED DATA INCLUDES HARMONIC MEAN VELOCITY (1),
INTERPOLATED TIME DEPTH (2) OR EDITED DATA (3)

SEISMIC LAYER

VELOCITY RANGE

LAYER 1

1500 - 1600 m/s

LAYER 2

2050 - 2250 m/s

CLIENT

10

20

PROJECT

KBR

30 m
DRAWN BY

1:500
0

100

150 m

21.03.2014

SCALE

Plot Date: 21 March 2014 Time:1:50:51 PM By: Jeet, Elvin Path: J:\geo\2013\137622029_KBRSISportsmans_Creek_Bridge\Technical Docs\CADD\FIGURES - File Name:137622029-005-R-F003-REV1.dwg
Xref: GAP_LOGO-A3.dwg; Bing Maps Site.jpg;

INTERPRETED SUBSURFACE LONG SECTION

DATE

JS
www.golder.com
GOLDER ASSOCIATES PTY. LTD.

DRAWING TITLE

21.03.2014

CHECKED BY

1:2,500

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE

DATE

EJJ
50

GEOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS (WITH BH101 AND PREVIOUS BH'S:BH1 TO BH4)

VERY LOOSE TO LOOSE SAND, SILT & SILTY SAND


SOFT TO FIRM SILTY CLAY. MAY CONTAIN MEDIUM DENSE SAND AND GRAVELLY LAYERS
MODERATE TO HIGH STRENGTH SANDSTONE , SILTSTONE

SHEET SIZE

AS SHOWN

A3

PROJECT No

137622029

DOC No

005

DOC TYPE

FIGURE No

F003

REVISION

FIGURE 3

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX A
Borehole Log, Core Photography and Explanatory Notes

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

REPORT OF BOREHOLE: BH101


SHEET: 1 OF 5
KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

137622029

DEPTH
RL
2.43
0.30
2.13

ADV

1
1.40
1.03

BH01-001
SPT 0.50-0.95 m
2, 3, 3
N=6
BH01-002
DS 0.50-0.50 m
BH01-003
U50 1.00-1.40 m
PP = 120-150 kPa

CI /
CH

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description

GRAPHIC
LOG

Sampling
RECOVERED

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

PENETRATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Drilling

USCS SYMBOL

CLIENT:

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

TOPSOIL: Clayey SAND


with some rootlets, inferred medium dense to dense

TOPSOIL

Silty CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark grey, trace rootlets

ALLUVIUM

F
D-M

no more rootlets

BH01-004
U50 2.50-2.90 m
PP = 100 kPa

S-F

4
4.20
-1.77

BH01-005
U50 4.00-4.40 m

SM

SAND
medium grained, dark grey, trace clay, organic matter

BH01-006
SPT 5.50-5.95 m
1, 2, 3
N=5

WB

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

PP = 130 kPa

VL L

BH01-007
SPT 7.00-7.45 m
2, 0, 1
N=1

BH01-008
SPT 8.50-8.95 m
1, 1, 1
N=2

9.50
-7.07

CI /
CH

Silty CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark grey, with some silt, trace organic
matter- timber and shells

M
S
(<PL)

10

This report of borehole must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01a


RL3

REPORT OF BOREHOLE: BH101


SHEET: 2 OF 5
COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

KBR

137622029

10

DEPTH
RL
BH01-009
U50 10.00-10.40 m
Su = 55 kPa

CI /
CH

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description

GRAPHIC
LOG

Sampling
RECOVERED

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

PENETRATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Drilling

USCS SYMBOL

CLIENT:

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

Silty CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark grey, with some silt, trace organic
matter- timber and shells

PP = 50 kPa

11

BH01-010
U50 11.50-11.90 m
12

13

PP = 50 kPa

BH01-011
U50 13.00-13.40 m
PP = 50 kPa

WB

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

14

15

16

BH01-012
U50 14.50-14.90 m
c' = 12.7 kPa, phi' =
18.6
PP = 40 kPa

M
(<PL)

BH01-013
SPT 16.00-16.45 m
0, 0, 0
HW/450, N=0

17

BH01-014
U50 17.50-17.90 m
18

19

PP = 50 kPa

19.00
-16.57 BH01-015
U50 19.00-19.40 m
PP = 100 kPa

Sandy CLAY
medium plasticity, dark grey, trace organic matter- timber and
shells
F

20

This report of borehole must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01a


RL3

REPORT OF BOREHOLE: BH101


SHEET: 3 OF 5
KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

137622029

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST
DEPTH
RL

20

Field Material Description

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

Sampling

GRAPHIC
LOG

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

PENETRATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Drilling

RECOVERED

JOB NO:

USCS SYMBOL

CLIENT:

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

Sandy CLAY
medium plasticity, dark grey, trace organic matter- timber and
shells
BH01-016
SPT 20.50-20.95 m
0, 0, 2
N=2

21

22

BH01-017
U50 22.00-22.40 m
PP = 50 kPa

23

BH01-018
SPT 23.50-23.95 m
0, 0, 0
HW/450, N=0

WB

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

24

25

M
(<PL)

BH01-019
U50 25.00-25.40 m
25.60
-23.17

PP = 100 kPa
Silty Sandy CLAY

26

BH01-020
U50 26.50-26.90 m
PP = 80 kPa

27

28

BH01-021
SPT 28.00-28.45 m
0, 0, 0
HW/450, N=0
28.80
-26.37

Silty CLAY

29

BH01-022
U50 29.50-29.90 m
30

This report of borehole must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01a


RL3

REPORT OF BOREHOLE: BH101


SHEET: 4 OF 5
KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

137622029

DEPTH
RL

30

PP = 210 kPa

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

M
(<PL)
31

WB

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

Sandy CLAY
medium plasticity, dark grey, trace organic matter- timber and
shells

32

St

BH01-023
SPT 31.00-31.45 m
0, 0, 0
HW/450, N=0

31.60
-29.17
H

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description

GRAPHIC
LOG

Sampling
RECOVERED

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

PENETRATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Drilling

USCS SYMBOL

CLIENT:

SANDSTONE
fine grained, dark grey
BH01-024
SPT 32.00-32.01 m
10/10mm HB
N=R

WEATHERED ROCK

For Continuation Refer to Sheet 5

33

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

This report of borehole must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01a


RL3

REPORT OF BOREHOLE: BH101


SHEET: 5 OF 5
KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

137622029

AVERAGE
DEFECT
SPACING
(mm)

DEFECT DESCRIPTION
& Additional Observations

10
30
100
300
1000
3000

ROCK / SOIL MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

Defect Information
INFERRED
STRENGTH
Is(50) MPa
EL
0.03
VL
0.1
L
0.3
M
1
H
3
VH
10
EH

DEPTH
RL

GRAPHIC
LOG

Field Material Description

DEPTH
(metres)

RQD (SCR)

TCR

WATER

METHOD

Drilling

WEATHERING

CLIENT:

30

31

32

100

75
(85)

32.10
-29.67

Continuation of Sheet 4
SANDSTONE
fine grained, grey, bedding 10-25 deg. clasts 32.6 to
32.8 m

MW
SW

FR

33

32.10-32.20 m: DB
32.15 m: J, 80, Un, Ro, Cn
32.20 m: B, 20, Un, Ro, Cn
32.30 m: B, 20, Un, Ro, Cn
32.53 m: B, 5, Pl, Ro, Cn
32.67 m: IS, 10, Pl, Ro, Cn
32.68 m: B, 15, Un, Ro, Cn
32.70 m: B, 25, Un, Ro, Cn
32.90 m: B, 25, Pl, Ro, Cn
33.08 m: B, 15, Un, Ro, Cn

33.50 m: B, 10
33.73 m: J, 10, Un, Ro, Cn
33.75 m: DB
33.80 m: J, 45, Pl, Ro, Cn
33.98 m: J, 60, St, Ro, Cn
34.05 m: J, 60, St, Ro, Cn

34

34.50 m: B, 5, Pl, Ro, Cn

100

90
(100)

35.40 m: B, 5, Pl, Ro, Cn

NMLC

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP CORED BOREHOLE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

34.75 m: B, 5, Pl, Ro, Cn


35

35.85 m: B, 5, Pl, Ro

36

36.08 m: B, 15, Un, Ro, Cn

37

100

70
(90)

37.15
-34.72

SW
SILTSTONE
dark grey, bedding 5 degrees

36.80 m: B, 10, Pl, Ro, Sn, rounded siltstone clast


36.95 m: DB
37.00 m: HB
37.10 m: B, 10, Un, Ro, Sn, black oxide
37.15-39.05 m: B, 5, sp = 30-100 mm, Pl, Sm, Cn
37.25 m: B, 5, Un, Ct, clay 1mm

38

39

39.42
-36.99

END OF BOREHOLE @ 39.42 m


TARGET DEPTH
GROUTED

39.20 m: DS, 70 mm, ew material


39.30 m: DS, 40 mm, clay/ew material
39.40 m: J, 30, Un, Ro, Ct, coated in 2-3mm of ew and
clay

40

This report of borehole must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F02a


RL3

REPORT OF CORE PHOTOGRAPHS: BH101

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP CORE PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

SHEET: 1 OF 2
CLIENT:

KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

137622029

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

This report of core photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F31


RL1

REPORT OF CORE PHOTOGRAPHS: BH101

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP CORE PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:06 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

SHEET: 2 OF 2
CLIENT:

KBR

COORDS: 509478.89 m E 6736176.98 m N MGA94 56

DRILL RIG: Pioneer 160

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SURFACE RL: 2.43 m DATUM: AHD

CONTRACTOR: North Coast Drilling Pty Ltd

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

INCLINATION: -90 DIRECTION: 000

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 12/12/13

JOB NO:

137622029

HOLE DEPTH: 39.42 m

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

This report of core photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F31


RL1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX B
Test Pit Logs, DCP Results and Explanatory Notes

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

REPORT OF TEST PIT: TP101


COORDS: 509456.81 m E 6736138.78 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.86 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 2.60 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

KBR

137622029

0.0

DEPTH
RL

2.86
0.10
2.76

CI

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description


USCS SYMBOL

Sampling

GRAPHIC
LOG

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

EXCAVATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Excavation

RECOVERED

CLIENT:

TOPSOIL: Sandy CLAY


medium plasticity, dark brown, with some silt, inferred very stiff

TOPSOIL
ALLUVIUM

Silty CLAY
medium plasticity, dark grey, trace rootlets
VSt

TP01-001
DS 0.30-0.30 m
TP01-003
J 0.30-0.30 m
TP01-002
DS 0.50-0.50 m
TP01-004
BDS 0.50-1.00 m
PP = 100 kPa

0.5

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

F - St
D-M

EX

1.0

1.00
1.86

1.00 m
PP = 100-150 kPa

no more rootlets

L-M

1.5

2.0

2.00
0.86

CI

Silty CLAY
medium plasticity, dark grey, with some sand

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

Test pit walls collapsing

2.5

0.26

TEST PIT DISCONTINUED @ 2.60 m


UNSTABLE
COLLAPSE
BACKFILLED
Terminated early due to collapse

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

This report of test pit must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01e


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT PHOTOGRAPHS: TP101


COORDS: 509456.81 m E 6736138.78 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.86 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 2.60 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP TEST PIT PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

CLIENT:

KBR

137622029

1.
This report of test pit photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared
for geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are
for information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F29


RL1

REPORT OF DCP TESTS


CLIENT:

KBR

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SHEET:

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

JOB NO:

137622029

1 OF 1

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

DEPTH
(metres)

TESTED: MAM DATE: 09/12/2013 TEST: TP101


COORDS: 509456.81 m E 6736138.78 m N MGA94 56
SURFACE RL: 2.86 m DATUM: AHD

(AS1289.6.3.2) Blows per 100 mm


0

10

15

20

25

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP DCP PSP 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

This report of penetrometer must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F04a


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT: TP102


COORDS: 509677.07 m E 6736489.09 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.54 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

LENGTH: 3.50 m WIDTH: 0.40 m DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 3.00 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

KBR

137622029

0.0

DEPTH
RL

2.54

0.30
2.24
0.5

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

TOPSOIL: Silty CLAY


with some fine grained sand, trace gravel rootlets, inferred firm

TP02-001
DS 0.30-0.30 m
PP = 100 kPa

CICH

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description


USCS SYMBOL

Sampling

GRAPHIC
LOG

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

EXCAVATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Excavation

RECOVERED

CLIENT:

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

TOPSOIL
D-M

Silty CLAY
medium plasticity, trace rounded gravel and rootlets

ALLUVIUM

TP02-002
DS 0.50-0.50 m
TP02-003
BDS 0.50-1.00 m
TP02-004
J 0.50-0.50 m
PP = 100-150 kPa

S-F

1.0

EX

1.20
1.34

L-M

1.20 m
PP = 200 kPa

CH

CLAY
high plasticity, dark brown and dark grey, with some silt

M
(<PL)

1.5
F

2.0

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.30
0.24

becoming grey

2.5

St
W

3.0

-0.46

TEST PIT DISCONTINUED @ 3.00 m


STABLE
TARGET DEPTH
BACKFILLED

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

This report of test pit must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01e


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT PHOTOGRAPHS: TP102


COORDS: 509677.07 m E 6736489.09 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.54 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

LENGTH: 3.50 m WIDTH: 0.40 m DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 3.00 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP TEST PIT PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

CLIENT:

KBR

137622029

1.
This report of test pit photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared
for geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are
for information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F29


RL1

REPORT OF DCP TESTS


CLIENT:

KBR

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SHEET:

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

JOB NO:

137622029

1 OF 1

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

DEPTH
(metres)

TESTED: MAM DATE: 09/12/2013 TEST: TP102


COORDS: 509677.07 m E 6736489.09 m N MGA94 56
SURFACE RL: 2.54 m DATUM: AHD

(AS1289.6.3.2) Blows per 100 mm


0

10

15

20

25

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP DCP PSP 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

This report of penetrometer must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F04a


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT: TP103


COORDS: 509736.41 m E 6736575.22 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.88 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

LENGTH: 5.00 m WIDTH: 0.40 m DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 3.00 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

KBR

137622029

0.0

DEPTH
RL

2.88
0.10
2.78

0.40
2.48
0.5

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description


USCS SYMBOL

Sampling

GRAPHIC
LOG

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

EXCAVATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Excavation

RECOVERED

CLIENT:

TOPSOIL: Sandy CLAY


low to medium plasticity, fine graind sand, with some gravel and
rootlets, inferred very stiff
TP03-004
J 0.20-0.20 m
TP03-001
DS 0.30-0.30 m
TP03-002
DS 0.50-0.50 m
TP03-003
BDS 0.50-1.00 m

TOPSOIL
VSt

FILL: Sandy CLAY


medium plasticity, dark brown, with some gravel
CICH

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

Silty CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark brown

FILL

ALLUVIUM

D-M
1.0

EX

L-M

1.5

1.80
1.08

1.80 m
PP = 200 kPa

CICH

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.0

CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark brown and dark grey, with some
silt

MW

St

LMD

2.5

2.70
0.18

3.0

-0.12

SM

SAND
fine to medium grained, sub-rounded to sub-angular, grey and
orange, with some clay
TEST PIT DISCONTINUED @ 3.00 m
STABLE
TARGET DEPTH
BACKFILLED

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

This report of test pit must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01e


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT PHOTOGRAPHS: TP103


COORDS: 509736.41 m E 6736575.22 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.88 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

LENGTH: 5.00 m WIDTH: 0.40 m DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 3.00 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP TEST PIT PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

CLIENT:

KBR

137622029

1.
This report of test pit photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared
for geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are
for information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F29


RL1

REPORT OF DCP TESTS


CLIENT:

KBR

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SHEET:

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

JOB NO:

137622029

1 OF 1

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

DEPTH
(metres)

TESTED: MAM DATE: 09/12/2013 TEST: TP103


COORDS: 509736.41 m E 6736575.22 m N MGA94 56
SURFACE RL: 2.88 m DATUM: AHD

(AS1289.6.3.2) Blows per 100 mm


0

10

15

20

25

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP DCP PSP 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

This report of penetrometer must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F04a


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT: TP104


COORDS: 509771.58 m E 6736663.39 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.41 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 0.80 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

KBR

137622029

EX

0.0

DEPTH
RL

2.41
0.10
2.31

0.40
2.01

L-M
0.5

1.0

TOPSOIL: Silty CLAY


with some sand and rootlets, inferred very stiff
TP04-004
J 0.20-0.20 m
TP04-001
DS 0.30-0.30 m
TP04-002
DS 0.50-0.50 m
TP04-003
BDS 0.50-0.80 m

1.61

SOIL/ROCK MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MOISTURE
CONDITION
CONSISTENCY
DENSITY

SAMPLE OR
FIELD TEST

Field Material Description


USCS SYMBOL

Sampling

GRAPHIC
LOG

DEPTH
(metres)

WATER

EXCAVATION
RESISTANCE

METHOD

Excavation

RECOVERED

CLIENT:

0.75 m
PP = 200 kPa

TOPSOIL
FILL

FILL: Silty CLAY


medium to high plasticity, dark brown, trace coarse gravel,
possibly reworked natural
CICH

Silty CLAY
medium to high plasticity, dark brown

STRUCTURE AND
ADDITIONAL
OBSERVATIONS

D-M

ALLUVIUM
F

TEST PIT DISCONTINUED @ 0.80 m


STABLE
SERVICES PRESENT
GROUNDWATER NOT ENCOUNTERED
BACKFILLED

1.5

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP NON-CORED FULL PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:04 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

This report of test pit must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F01e


RL3

REPORT OF TEST PIT PHOTOGRAPHS: TP104


COORDS: 509771.58 m E 6736663.39 m N MGA94 56

SHEET: 1 OF 1

SURFACE RL: 2.41 m DATUM: AHD

MACHINE: Excavator

PROJECT: Sportsmans Creek Bridge

DIRECTION: 000

CONTRACTOR: Shipman

LOCATION: Lawrence, NSW

PIT DEPTH: 0.80 m

LOGGED: MAM

DATE: 9/12/13

JOB NO:

BUCKET TYPE: Toothed-300mm

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB GrfcTbl GAP TEST PIT PHOTO 1 PER PAGE 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:05 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

CLIENT:

KBR

137622029

1.
This report of test pit photographs must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared
for geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are
for information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F29


RL1

REPORT OF DCP TESTS


CLIENT:

KBR

PROJECT:

Sportsmans Creek Bridge

SHEET:

LOCATION:

Lawrence, NSW

JOB NO:

137622029

1 OF 1

CHECKED: NPP

DATE: 20/3/14

DEPTH
(metres)

TESTED: MAM DATE: 09/12/2013 TEST: TP104


COORDS: 509771.58 m E 6736663.39 m N MGA94 56
SURFACE RL: 2.41 m DATUM: AHD

(AS1289.6.3.2) Blows per 100 mm


0

10

15

20

25

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log GAP DCP PSP 137622029 LOGS.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:05 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

This report of penetrometer must be read in conjunction with accompanying notes and abbreviations. It has been prepared for
geotechnical purposes only, without attempt to assess possible contamination. Any references to potential contamination are for
information only and do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of soil or groundwater contamination.

GAP gINT FN. F04a


RL3

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX C
CPT, Vane Shear and Dissipation Test Results

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-1

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509472.0 m
6736179.4 m
MGA94
2.21 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

1
1

2
0

3
-1

4
-2

5
-3

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:25 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

: 1 OF 4
:
:
17/01/2014

6
-4

7
-5

8
-6

9
-7

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-1

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509472.0 m
6736179.4 m
MGA94
2.21 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-8

11
-9

12
-10

13
-11

14
-12

15
-13

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:25 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

: 2 OF 4
:
:
17/01/2014

16
-14

17
-15

18
-16

19
-17

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-1

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509472.0 m
6736179.4 m
MGA94
2.21 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-18

21
-19

22
-20

23
-21

24
-22

25
-23

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:25 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

: 3 OF 4
:
:
17/01/2014

26
-24

27
-25

28
-26

29
-27

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-1

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509472.0 m
6736179.4 m
MGA94
2.21 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-28

Terminated at 30.27 m

31
-29

32
-30

33
-31

34
-32

35
-33

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:25 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

: 4 OF 4
:
:
17/01/2014

36
-34

37
-35

38
-36

39
-37

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

Depth 2.700 [m].


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 34.72 [kPa], Max. torque = 37.14 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.18 [Nm]

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

Depth 2.701 [m]. Remoulded.


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 7.54 [kPa], Max. torque = 9.99 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.40 [Nm]
Depth 3.700 [m].

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 30.43 [kPa], Max. torque = 34.72 [Nm], Rod friction = 4.08 [Nm]
Depth 3.701 [m]. Remoulded.

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 4.34 [kPa], Max. torque = 5.37 [Nm], Rod friction = 1.00 [Nm]
Depth 4.700 [m].

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 46.69 [kPa], Max. torque = 49.07 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.05 [Nm]
Location

Position

Ground level

X = 0, Y = 0
Project ID

Client

137622029

0
Date

Borehole ID.

VCPT-1
Scale

10/12/2013

Project

Page

Vane type & size

File

1:100
Fig.

1/3
Rectangular end, 13.0 x 6.5cm

VCPT-1.vct

Depth 4.701 [m]. Remoulded.


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 19.86 [kPa], Max. torque = 22.19 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.19 [Nm]

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

Depth 10.700 [m].


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 34.22 [kPa], Max. torque = 37.07 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.61 [Nm]
Depth 10.701 [m]. Remoulded.

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 5.33 [kPa], Max. torque = 7.77 [Nm], Rod friction = 2.40 [Nm]
Depth 11.700 [m].

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 37.25 [kPa], Max. torque = 40.58 [Nm], Rod friction = 3.07 [Nm]
Depth 11.701 [m]. Remoulded.

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 3.40 [kPa], Max. torque = 7.64 [Nm], Rod friction = 4.22 [Nm]
Location

Position

Ground level

X = 0, Y = 0
Project ID

Client

137622029

0
Date

Borehole ID.

VCPT-1
Scale

10/12/2013

Project

Page

Vane type & size

File

1:100
Fig.

2/3
Rectangular end, 13.0 x 6.5cm

VCPT-1.vct

Depth 12.700 [m].


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 36.30 [kPa], Max. torque = 39.78 [Nm], Rod friction = 3.22 [Nm]

320

340

360

380

320

340

360

380

Depth 12.701 [m]. Remoulded.


50
40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Angle [deg]
Shear strength = 4.58 [kPa], Max. torque = 7.88 [Nm], Rod friction = 3.27 [Nm]

Location

Position

Ground level

X = 0, Y = 0
Project ID

Client

137622029

0
Date

Borehole ID.

VCPT-1
Scale

10/12/2013

Project

Page

Vane type & size

File

1:100
Fig.

3/3
Rectangular end, 13.0 x 6.5cm

VCPT-1.vct

Ubegin

: 0.061 MPa

Uo

: 0.083 MPa

400

20

300

15

200

10

100

0
10

100

1000

10000

100000

Tim e in Seconds
Test according A.S.T.M. standard D 5778-95
Project
Location

: Geotechnical Investigation
: Sportsmans Creek Lawrence

Date

: 12/9/2013

Project no.

: 137622029

CPT no.

: CPT-1

Test depth

: 11 m [m] - NAP

Water level

: -2.5 [m] - NAP

Cone resistance (qc) in MPa

Dynamic pore pressure (u) in KPa

Test number 4

Ubegin

: 0.422 MPa

Uo

: 0.118 MPa

450

20

400

15

350

10

300

250

0
10

100

1000

10000

100000

Tim e in Seconds
Test according A.S.T.M. standard D 5778-95
Project
Location

: Geotechnical Investigation
: Sportsmans Creek Lawrence

Date

: 12/9/2013

Project no.

: 137622029

CPT no.

: CPT-1

Test depth

: 14.51[m]
m - NAP

Water level

: -2.5 [m] - NAP

Cone resistance (qc) in MPa

Dynamic pore pressure (u) in KPa

Test number 5

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-2

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:26 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509467.8 m
6736142.4 m
MGA94
2.93 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

: 1 OF 4
:
: 30/12/1899 17/01/2014

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-2

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

11

12

13

14

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:26 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

15

16

17

18

19

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509467.8 m
6736142.4 m
MGA94
2.93 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

: 2 OF 4
:
: 30/12/1899 17/01/2014

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

-16

-17

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-2

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

21

22

23

24

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:26 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

25

26

27

28

29

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509467.8 m
6736142.4 m
MGA94
2.93 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

: 3 OF 4
:
: 30/12/1899 17/01/2014

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-18

-19

-20

-21

-22

-23

-24

-25

-26

-27

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

CPT LOG
PointID

CPT-2

ELEVATION
(m AHD)

DEPTH
(m)

CLIENT
ENGINEER
PROJECT
LOCATION
PROJECT No.

31

32

33

34

GAP 8_07.13 LIB.GLB Log CPTU A4P 137622029-CPT ONLY.GPJ <<DrawingFile>> 20/03/2014 11:26 8.30.003 Datgel Tools

35

36

:
:
:
:
:

KBR

AREA
:
EASTING
:
NORTHING :
COORD. SYS. :
ELEVATION :

Sportsmans Creek Bridge


Lawrence
137622029

10

Corrected Cone Resistance, qt (MPa)


20

30

40

200

Sleeve Friction Resistance, fs (kPa)


400

SHEET
STATUS
DATE

509467.8 m
6736142.4 m
MGA94
2.93 m AHD

In Situ Pore Pressure, u0 (kPa)


Porewater Pressure, u2 (kPa)

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)


0

15

10

-5

Pore Pressure Ratio, Bq

Slope Indicator ()
1000 -300

600

300

600

900

-0.6

-28

-29

-30

-31

-32

-33

Terminated at 36.08 m

37

38

39

: 4 OF 4
:
: 30/12/1899 17/01/2014

-34

-35

-36

-37

RIG

CHECKED BY

: NPP

CONE TYPE

: C+F+W2+S

CHECKED DATE

: 17/01/2014

CONE ID

: C10CFIIP.E38

APPROVED BY

OPERATOR

APPROVED DATE :

REMARK

Dissipation
Test

-0.1

0.4

0.9

1.4

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX D
Seismic Refraction Investigation Report

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

ET425.01

Report
prepared for

Golder Associates Pty Ltd

MARINE SEISMIC REFRACTION TESTING

Sportsmans Creek Crossing


Lawrence, NSW

December 2013

Report No ET425.1

Report Prepared By:


Earth Technology Solutions Pty Ltd
ABN 12 078 325 658
35 OKeefe Crescent
Eastwood NSW 2122
P.O. Box 202
North Ryde NSW 1670
Tel: 02 9804 1752
Fax: 02 9804 1751

ET425.01

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0

INTRODUCTION

2.0

EQUIPMENT & FIELD PROCEDURES


2.1
Seismograph
2.2
Hydrophone Array & Source-Point Configuration
2.3
Seismic Source
2.4
Positioning
2.5
General Site Conditions
2.6
Records and Documentation

3
3
3
4
4
4
4

3.0

INTERPRETATION PROCEDURES

4.0

RESULTS

5.0

CONCLUSIONS

FIGURES
Figure 425-1
Figure 425-2

Site Plan showing location of Seismic Line


Interpreted Seismic Section

APPENDIX A:

Guide to the Use of Interpreted Seismic Sections

APPENDIX B:
Brief Discussion of the Elastic Properties and the
effects of Fractures, Porosity, and Saturation on Seismic Velocity.

ET425.01

1.0

INTRODUCTION

At the request of Golder Associates Pty Ltd (GA) on behalf of KBR, marine
seismic refraction testing was completed across Sportsmans Creek at
Lawrence, NSW as part of the geotechnical investigation for the proposed
bridge alignment.
The objective of the seismic study was to delineate the bedrock profile and
subsurface conditions within the bounds of the creek along the proposed
bridge alignment.
One seismic line was completed across Sportsmans Creek from starting
approximately 3m from the northern shoreline and extending to
approximately 5m from the southern shoreline. The location of the seismic
line is shown on the aerial photo site plan, Figure 425-1.
The seismic fieldwork was carried out on 30th November 2013. The data
acquisition was undertaken in accordance with engineering seismic
refraction practice as described below.
2.0

EQUIPMENT & FIELD PROCEDURES


2.1

Seismograph

A Geometrics Strataview 48 channel engineering seismograph was used.


This unit has internal calibration, paper printer and hard drive capability. A
sampling interval of 0.06 millisecs was used. A record length of 128
millisecs was required.
2.2

Hydrophone Array and Source-Point Configurations

The seismic detector array used for the survey was a 24 channel
hydrophone array, with detectors at 5m intervals which was layed along the
river bottom.
A source-point spacing of 15m was maintained within the creek using
weighted markers tied to the hydrophone array to allow accurate source
positioning within the spread.
On the southern river bank 4 offset shot points were used positioned up to
75m from the end hydrophone. Due to the shallow rock expected to the
north (from previous drilling) and the existing houses and buried services
only 3 offsets were required on the northern embankment to 40m offset.
This resulted in reversed coverage seismic data with source - receiver
offsets of up to 170m, in accordance with accepted practice.

ET425.01

2.3

Seismic Source

Explosives were used as the seismic source. No.8 instantaneous electric


detonators were used as the seismic source within the river and up to 200gm
charge sizes on the river banks which were placed in shallow augered holes
and backfilled. Blast mats were used to contain any fly material and each
site was backfilled thoroughly following detonation.
An HVB-1 Seismic Blaster was used to initiate the detonators and trigger the
seismograph simultaneously.
2.4

Positioning

The seismic line was positioned as best possible along the proposed bridge
alignment using the aerial photo site plan provided. This alignment is
approximately 100m west of the existing road bridge.
Positioning along the seismic line was maintained by measuring and marking
along the hydrophone array prior to deployment. Offset shotpoints where
located by measuring relative to the end hydrophones using 100m tapes laid
along the ground surface.
Water depths along the seismic profile were measured by the seismic crew
using an echo sounder. A marker of the water surface level during these
measurements was placed on an existing post near the southern end of the
alignment at the boat ramp. This survey mark was picked up the project
surveyors and provided by GA following completion of the seismic work to
allow conversion of the measured water depths to RL AHD.
2.5

General Site Conditions

There was a reasonable high level of background seismic noise at the site
generated by vehicles on the adjacent road bridge and windy site conditions.
A few small vessels were encountered during seismic data acquisition.
The seismic signal was relatively weak in some areas due to the thickness of
relatively loose sediments.
2.6

Records and Documentation

All seismic data were recorded on hard drive and copied to the laptop at the
end of each field day. Field records were maintained on ETS Form ET1.1
Seismic Refraction Field Sheet on which the hydrophone array position and
source-point configurations, filename and equipment details were recorded.
A complete set of seismic data and field records has been archived in the
ETS seismic database.

ET425.01

3.0

INTERPRETATION PROCEDURES

The digital seismic records were examined on computer, and the first arrival
times were determined using FBPICK software. Generally the seismic data
was considered of good quality.
The seismic data were interpreted using the interpretation program
REFRACT 2006, which is based on the Intercept Time Method and the
Reciprocal Method in accordance with engineering seismic refraction
practice (Walker et al, 1991) as described briefly below.
The interpretation begins with segmentation of the T-X graph to identify
individual layers. Reciprocal time checks are determined automatically and
are edited manually to reduce any reciprocal time errors. Velocity analysis
follows using the computed Minus-Time Graph, derived from the reversed
overlapping phantomed data for each layer. Least squares fitted lines are
manually selected from each refractor, allowing lateral velocity changes
along the profile and the velocities are computed. The time depths and layer
thickness, which are computed automatically, are checked and edited to
eliminate minor errors.
The final output of the seismic refraction method is an interpreted seismic
section, which is a 2 dimensional representation of the earth beneath the
survey line. A number of discrete layers of differing seismic velocity were
interpreted with lateral velocity variations indicated within each layer.
4.0

RESULTS

The interpreted seismic section is provided in Figure 425-2, presented at a


natural scale of 1:500 (A3).
2 layers of differing seismic velocity were interpreted, with a range of seismic
velocities (1550m/s to 2250m/s) consistent with a range of material from
very loose SAND and SILT or very soft CLAY through to high strength rock.
The surface layer has a relatively low seismic velocity range (1500 to
1600m/s) consistent with alluvial sediments.
The second seismic layer of velocity in the range 2050 m/s to 2250 m/s, is
consistent with SANDSTONE or SILTSTONE of moderate to high strength.
A number of boreholes (BH1 to BH4) were drilled previously (by Coffey) on
an alternate alignment approximately 40m to 80m to the east of the current
alignment. BH101 was drilled by GA onshore along the proposed bridge
alignment approximately 20m south of the southern end of the seismic
profile. Engineering logs for these boreholes were provided by GA.

ET425.01

The boreholes generally indicate a relatively thin layer (0.5m to 1m thick) of


extremely weathered, very low to low strength rock overlying the moderate to
high strength rock.
This thin intermediate layer was not detected due to a combination of the
relatively thin layer geometry and the underlying high velocity layer. For
further detail on the detectability of thin layers see Appendix A section 3.4
(ii).
Seismic Layer 2, the interpreted moderate to high strength rock profile, is
observed at approximately RL-2m AHD at start of the profile near the
northern shoreline, and is seen to deepen southwards along the profile to
approximately RL-27m AHD near the southern shoreline. This profile is
similar to the rock profile indicated by BH1 to BH4. BH101 located
approximately 20m from the southern shoreline encountered high strength
SANDSTONE at a depth of 32.1m (approximately RL-29m AHD) which is
consistent with the interpreted seismic profile.
As with all seismic methods, seismic refraction has some inherent limitations
in effectively representing subsurface conditions in all geological
environments. Some of these issues are presented in Appendix A Guide
to the Use of Interpreted Seismic Sections. This offers some general
information on the seismic refraction method including the precision and
accuracy of results and the possible effects of violations of the assumptions
on which the method and interpretation procedure is based.
Generally an increase in seismic velocity within unconsolidated layers
indicates an increase in density, whilst an increase in seismic velocity within
the intact rock layer indicates a decrease in weathering, fracturing and/or
higher strength material. A brief discussion of elastic properties and the
effects of fractures, porosity, and saturation on seismic velocity is provided in
Appendix B.
A summary interpretation of the seismic layers is provided below in table
format, which is based on the observed seismic velocity range and
correlation with the borehole logs provided.

Seismic
Layer

Velocity Range
(m/s)

Interpreted Geological Units (based on


BH correlations)

1500 1600

Alluvial Sediments consistent with Very


Loose to Loose SAND, SILT and Silty SAND
and Very Soft to Soft CLAY

2050 2250

Moderate to high strength SANDSTONE.

ET425.01

5.0

CONCLUSIONS

Seismic refraction testing was successfully completed at the Sportsmans


Creek site. This seismic study has delineated 2 layers of differing seismic
velocity within the shallow subsurface.
The surface layer has a seismic velocity range (1500 to 1600m/s) consistent
with alluvial sediments, ranging from very loose to loose SAND and SILT,
and very soft to firm CLAY. There is potential for some relatively thin layers
of medium dense SAND and/or GRAVELLY layers of slightly higher seismic
velocity which have not been detected.
Seismic Layer 2 is consistent with the slightly weathered to fresh, moderate
to high strength SILTSTONE/SANDSTONE encountered in the boreholes,
and is interpreted to dip relatively gradually from RL-2m AHD near the
northern shoreline to approximately RL-27m at the southern end of the
profile.
Appendix A Guide to the use of Interpreted Seismic Sections, and
Appendix B - Discussion of Elastic Properties and the effects of Fractures,
Porosity, and Saturation on Seismic Velocity are provided as background
material on the seismic refraction method, the limits and accuracy of seismic
interpretation and the variations in seismic velocity in relation to material
properties.

0m Start

Seismic Line

E: 5094968
N: 6736185
105m End

Note: This Site Plan was derived by placing the measured start
and end points of the seismic line on an aerial photo
Location of Seismic Survey Line (Chainage)
(105m)

E: 509565
N: 6736259

INTERPRETED SEISMIC SECTION

10.0

5.0
Reference Pole
Boat Ramp
(South Shoreline)

Sportsmans Creek

North Shoreline
I

BH101
(Approx)
I

Water Level (RL 0.0m AHD)

0.0

1550
1600

-5.0

2150

1550

RL (m) AHD

-10.0

Alluvium

1500
1550
-15.0

2250

-20.0

2050

-25.0

2150

-30.0

M-H Strength
SANDSTONE

-35.0
-10.0

North

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

SEISMIC LINE CHAINAGE (m)

0m Start Line
E: 509565
N: 6736259

110.0

105m End Line


E: 5094968
N: 6736185

120.0

130.0

South

Scale 1:500 (@ A3)


Seismic Layer

Velocity Range

Geological Correlations (with BH101 and previous BH's:BH1 to BH4)

Layer 1

1500 - 1600 m/s

Layer 2

2050 - 2250 m/s

Very Loose to Loose SAND, SILT & Silty SAND


Soft to Firm Silty CLAY. May contain Medium Dense SAND and Gravelly layers
Moderate to High Strength SANDSTONE , SILTSTONE

LEGEND
Seismic velocity (m/s) and interpreted refractor boundary based on
reciprocal method minus time and time depths

EARTH TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS PTY LTD

1800

ABN 12 078 325 658


Seismic velocity (m/s) based on reciprocal method minus times, interpreted
refractor boundary based on reciprocal method time depths (solid line)
or limited data* [(2), (3)] (dashed line )

AUTHORISED :
1800

PF
Seismic velocity based on limited data* [(1), (3)] (hatched area) and the value
of the hatched area is the same as the adjacement minus times velocity

ETS

1800

Seismic velocity (m/s) based on limited data* [(1), (3)] (hatched area) and
interpreted refractor boundary based on limited data* [(1), (2) & (3)] (dashed line)

DATE :
12 Jan 2014
1800

GOLDER ASSOCIATES / KBR


SPORTSMANS CREEK, LAWRENCE
MARINE SEISMIC REFRACTION INVESTIGATION
INTERPRETED SEISMIC SECTION

Lateral seismic velocity boundary


* NB - Limited data includes harmonic mean velocity (1), interpolated time depth (2) or edited data (3)

DRAWN BY PF

FOR ETS

REPORT ET425/ 1

SCALE 1:500 @ A3

FIGURE 425-2

ET425.01

APPENDIX A
GUIDE TO THE USE OF INTERPRETED SEISMIC SECTIONS
The results of seismic refraction surveys are presented as vertical sections
beneath the line of traverse. These sections show a two-dimensional
distribution of seismic velocities, which have been interpreted from first
arrival travel time data obtained in the field.
The following general summary is intended to assist in the understanding of
the interpreted seismic sections provided.
A1

Methods Of Interpretation

First arrival travel times obtained for individual source locations representing
the arrival at individual detectors of seismic waves which have travelled
through the earth via least-time paths are determined interactively from the
digital seismic field records. These times are plotted against distance from
the source, as travel-time curves. These times are examined, reviewed and
edited as necessary.
Further quantitative seismic interpretation, aimed at providing subsurface
depth and velocity information, is carried out using the intercept time or
reciprocal methods as appropriate. The interpretation method applied is
determined by the field procedure used, the nature of the subsurface at the
site, and by the objectives of the seismic study.
The interpretation provides a simplified seismic picture of the subsurface and
depends on a number of assumptions about its nature. The major
assumptions are:
i) the subsurface essentially consists of a series of discrete uniform
layers which may vary laterally in velocity,
ii) the boundaries between these layers are distinct. For the simpler
methods of interpretation, these boundaries are also assumed to be
planar, but can be highly irregular,
iii) The seismic velocities of successive layers increase with depth,
iv) Each layer is of sufficient thickness to critically refract energy, and to
produce a refracted wave arrival at the surface of sufficient energy to
be detected as a first arrival.
These assumptions demonstrate requirements of the interpretation
procedure for ideal conditions of which all of the requirements are unlikely to
be fulfilled in reality. The extent to which each assumption is valid may vary

ET425.01

from site to site and within a site. Consequently, at all sites, interpreted
seismic sections are a simplification of the actual subsurface velocity
distribution. The degree of simplification depends on the interpretative
method used, the amount of data available for analysis and the extent to
which the basic assumptions are violated at a site.
Some violations of the basic assumptions, such as diffractions from large
irregularities, and non-critical refractions, may be observed in the seismic
data or may be undetectable. Consequently the interpretation process is
partly subjective; other interpretations of the data are possible and may differ
considerably from the interpretation presented.
The effects of common violations of the assumptions are discussed in
Section A3, below.
Other effects, which may be relevant to the
understanding of the seismic sections, are discussed in Section A4.
It should be noted that, at a given site, these effects can occur in virtually
any combination and that, as a result, even highly complex subsurface
conditions may give rise to relatively simple-looking seismic sections.
A2

Precision And Accuracy Of Results

A given seismic velocity does not necessarily uniquely determine the


engineering properties of an earth material, even for the one rock type. For
example a medium strength rock may have the same seismic velocity as a
mixture of extremely low strength rock, and boulders or zones of very high
strength rock.
Moreover a relatively small proportion of extremely low strength material can
dramatically lower the composite seismic velocity. For example a material
composed of 50% rock or boulders with seismic velocity 4000 m/s, and 50%
of material with seismic velocity 800 m/s, then the composite velocity is
lowered to 1333 m/s.
Interpreted velocities are usually shown on the seismic sections to the
nearest 20 or 100 m/s. Interpreted velocities, as a measure of the actual
field velocities, are not regarded as being accurate to better than 10%, but
can be independently calibrated using drilling or excavation.
Calculated layer thickness are subject to a similar level of experimental
error. This has a cumulative effect on interpreted depths to deeper
interfaces. For example, the interpreted depth to the base of the first layer
defined is often considered accurate to better than 10%, however depths
to deeper layers may not be accurate to better than 30% (Dampney and

ET425.01

Whiteley, 1978).
These experimental errors are inherent in the procedure and must be taken
into account in any use which is made of the seismic sections e.g., in
estimating the volume of material represented by each layer in a proposed
excavation.
A3

Effects Of Violation Of Assumptions


A3.1

Assumption of Discrete, Uniform Layers.

The most common problems are:


i) continuous increase in velocity with depth.
ii) inhomogeneity below the scale of resolution of the survey.
The first of these occurs in many geological settings, particularly in
sediments, or highly weathered sedimentary rocks. It can be allowed for in a
number of ways but contributes to the uncertainty in depth calculations
based on constant layer velocity. Often the seismic sections show the
average velocity of the layer.
For the second type of problem, under ideal conditions a refraction study can
resolve features as small as 1.5-2 times the geophone spacing. In general,
however, the practical limit of resolution is 2-3 times this spacing although
the presence of inhomogeneity may be observable from the travel time
curves, without more detailed interpretation being possible.
Calculated seismic velocities are averages which represent the bulk
properties of the interpreted layers. It is possible for this averaging to
conceal local variations in velocity on a scale up to at least twice the
geophone spacing.
A3.2

Assumptions of Distinct Boundaries

Real geological boundaries, especially those related to weathering, are often


gradational and/or irregular. The seismic method inevitably disguises
gradation and smoothes irregularity. The importance of this varies from site
to site, but it is common for interpreted seismic boundaries to appear at an
intermediate level somewhere between the limits of gradation. For example,
if there is an irregular boundary between fresh and highly weathered rock,
the interpreted boundary frequently appears at a level some metres below
the highest points at which fresh rock is found.

ET425.01

A3.3 Assumption of Increasing Velocity with Depth


This assumption may be violated for a number of different reasons and such
violations (termed velocity reversals, or velocity inversions) often cannot be
detected from the travel time data alone. It may be possible (in some, but
not all cases) to infer them from the geological setting, from borehole
information, or from surface-to-borehole seismic. If the inversion layers do
not persist laterally their effect may also be observable on the travel-time
data.
In general, it is not possible to allow for a velocity inversion in the
interpretation unless there is an independent means of estimating both the
thickness and the velocity of the layer. If an undetected velocity reversal is
present, all calculated depths below the reversal will be in error. In
particular, depths to underlying high velocity layers may be significantly overestimated. Areas where strong layers overlay weaker layers, for example, a
basalt flow overlying sediments or weathered rock, or cementation of surface
layers, are sites where these problems sometimes occur.
A3.4

Assumption of Detectability

Two main types of violation occur:


i) When a layer is too thin to transmit the seismic wave.
ii) When a layer transmits the wave but is not detected because waves
from a deeper, higher velocity layer reach the detector first.
The first type of problem may occur in many geological settings and means
that relatively thin, higher velocity layers may occur undetected within lower
velocity materials. Thin in this context is defined in terms of seismic
detectability and can imply thickness of the order of 0.1-0.2m. The effect
cannot be detected from the surface seismic refraction data alone, but may
be inferred from borehole or ripping information, surface mapping or surfaceto-borehole seismic. If such a layer were thick enough to be detected, it
would form a velocity reversal (see Section A3.3).
The second type of problem (termed a hidden layer or blind zone) may be
inferred from the geological setting, borehole data or sometimes from the
seismic refraction data. If it is not detected, it also results in erroneous
depth calculations in the interpreted section; normally the calculated depth to
deeper interfaces is underestimated. In theory, between every pair of layers
there could be a hidden layer (or blind zone), whose maximum thickness
may be calculated for a range of intermediate velocities.

ET425.01

A4

Other Factors

Other common factors may lead to differences between the surface seismic
refraction model and reality. While not strictly due to assumptions made in
interpretation, they should still be taken into account, if the site conditions
dictate, in any further use of the interpreted sections. These factors are:
i) Three-dimensional effects
ii) Effect of water
iii) Anisotropy
A4.1

Three-dimensional effects

The interpreted sections are two-dimensional representations and only apply


to a narrow zone below the line of traverse typically 2 - 4m either side of the
seismic line. However, the real subsurface is three-dimensional and as a
result significant lateral variations in conditions can occur without being
detected, even within a short distance to the side of a traverse. If seismic
signals originating from such features are obtained, they may result in the
interpreted sections containing features, which are non-existent, displaced
from their true position or shown with incorrect velocities. This problem is
most common in sites with irregular topography, boulders and highly
irregular rock masses.
In some cases three-dimensional effects may be observed by using cross
seismic spreads at right angles to the main profile, or additional parallel
seismic lines, or from other information.
A4.2

Effect of Water

The presence of water can greatly increase the field velocity of materials
which have low velocities in the dry condition. The effect is most
pronounced in soils or unconsolidated materials and is due to the difference
in seismic velocity between air and water (340 m/s and 1470 m/s,
respectively). It may however occur to a significant degree in materials with
dry velocities as high as 2000-2500m/s.
The change in velocity due to saturation is not usually related to the normal
trends of change in material properties with velocity. However, an increase
in cementation and/or decrease in porosity result in a smaller change in
seismic velocity due to saturation. In carbonate sediments, which are prone
to rapid diagenetic alterations, the pore type is nearly as important a factor
as porosity in the elastic behaviour and resultant seismic velocity. For
further discussion refer to Appendix B.

ET425.01

Less frequently, it is possible for water saturation to cause a decrease in


field velocity, most commonly in low velocity materials where highly
expansive clay minerals are present and the material is unconfined. In the
marine environment the presence of gas derived generally from organic
matter, in otherwise water-saturated sediments can actually lower velocities
below that of water.
Velocity changes due to the presence of a water table cannot normally be
distinguished from the seismic data alone. The effect may be inferable from
the geological setting and the interpreted velocities, but can only be
confirmed by drilling.
A4.3

Anisotropy

Field velocities may vary with the direction of the seismic line. Usually if the
velocity measured in different directions agree to within 10% the condition
is treated as isotropic. Anisotropy is most common in steeply dipping
sediments or metasediments but can occur in other settings.
When measured across strike the velocity is an average for the different
materials present. Along strike the higher velocity of the fresher or more
competent materials is measured. This effect may be detectable from cross
spreads which show a markedly higher or lower velocity than longitudinal
traverses. However it may not be detected, depending on the relative
orientations of the traverses and the strike of the subsurface materials.
A more subtle form of anisotropy occurs in many sedimentary rocks where
the vertical velocity differs from the horizontal velocity. Normally seismic
refraction studies provide information on the horizontal velocities which are
commonly higher than the vertical velocities. The possible effects of
anisotropy are similar to those discussed above in section A3

ET425.01

APPENDIX B
BRIEF DISCUSSION OF ELASTIC PROPERTIES AND THE EFFECTS OF
FRACTURES, POROSITY, AND SATURATION ON SEISMIC VELOCITY

B1

Elastic Properties

For a homogeneous solid, seismic velocities depend only on the elastic


modulii and density. In particular the P-wave velocity Vp can be represented
by the equation
Vp = (K + 4/3)/
Where , K and denote the density, bulk modulus and shear modulus
respectively.
The most important aspect in which rocks differ from homogeneous solids is
in having granular structure with voids. In actual rocks the elastic constants
and density depend on properties such as fractures, porosity, fluid
saturation, pressure, texture etc, and bulk and shear coupling coefficients of
the solid grains and pore fluid.
Many of the relationships between intrinsic rock properties and measured
seismic velocities are empirical velocities are found to be related to certain
rock units in a given locale by actual laboratory measurements on core
samples of the rock or soil. The relationship between intrinsic rock
properties such as porosity, fracture content, fluid content, density and
velocity underlie these empirical relationships.
B2

Fractures

In general, fractures cause a decrease of the modulus of elasticity of the


rock and hence a reduction in seismic velocity. They also cause energy loss,
leading to increased attenuation.
In most applications the seismic
wavelength is large compared to fracture size (areal extent) and spacing, so
the effects of individual fractures are embedded in parameters describing
the bulk material behavior.
Fractures affect the elasticity (modulus) of a rock because of the
discontinuity of local elastic displacements across the fracture face. This
discontinuity affects the propagation of seismic waves according to the ratio
of fracture size to the seismic wavelength.
In the seismic context, fractures are small compared to seismic wavelengths;
in the limit, many small scatterers are equivalent to an effective medium with

ET425.01

decreased velocity and increased attenuation. If the fractures have a


preferred orientation, the effective medium is anisotropic.
If the crack shapes are idealized as very thin oblate ellipsoids, the modulus
of the rock and hence the seismic velocities are calculable in terms of aspect
ratios (thickness/length) of the ellipsoids and the elastic properties of the
surrounding matrix and fluids (Budiansky and O'Connell, 1980).
Any
theoretical treatment must be consistent with the work of Biot (1956) if it
shares the same assumptions, such as a locally uniform value for the
perturbation in pore pressure caused by the elastic wave.
If the thin and flat cracks are isolated from the equant pore space, the
modulus decrease depends also on the crack aspect ratio and crack density.
The presence of liquid (rather than air) in the cracks considerably stiffens
them for P-wave propagation. However, if the cracks are hydraulically
connected to the equant pore space, the liquid may squirt from crack to
pore, reducing the stiffening effect.
Whilst the physics of fracture-wave interaction is well understood in principle
and has been the subject of numerous laboratory and theoretical studies, the
complexity of natural geometries results in a general difficulty to relate
measured in-situ seismic velocity to the degree of fracturing.
Some studies of the use of high frequency pulse transmission techniques for
blast damage assessment in rock masses, have been reported by Spathis et
al (1987).
B3

Saturation

For fresh rocks with velocities greater than about 3000m/s the relationship
between dry density and P wave velocity obtained from sonic measurements
on rock samples is fairly well controlled. However, at low velocities, in
weathered rocks a greater scatter of velocities is evident. Weathering tends
to decrease both the P wave velocity and the density, and to increase
porosity. Hence the degree of saturation is very important for weathered
rocks.
For dry rocks P wave velocity decreases rapidly with increasing porosity
because the velocity in air (340m/s) is much less than the velocity in the rock
matrix. For dry rock P wave velocities greater than about 3000m/s porosity
is usually relatively low.
The effect of saturation is more complex for rocks below about 3000m/s and
porosities in the range 15% to 50%. In rocks of very low velocity, which
contain substantial clay material, velocities may actually decrease with
saturation, due to chemical and volume changes to the clay minerals.

ET425.01

Generally for rocks with P waves less than about 2500m/s, the addition of
water greatly increases velocity.
B4

Porosity

Relationships have been developed between the porosity of a rock and its
seismic velocity, since porosity is an important factor in determining rock
velocity.
The general equation presented below by Wyllie (1958) known as the time
average relationship, relates the seismic wave velocity Vbulk to the porosity
and velocity in the pore fluid and rock matrix.
1/Vbulk = /Vf + (1-)/Vm
where Vf and Vm are the velocities of the pore fluid and rock matrix, and
is the porosity.
This is an empirical equation and makes no allowance for the structure of
the rock matrix and other factors that influence the velocity. In addition, this
equation does not take into account pores occupied by other constituents
other than water, e.g., clay. Numerous modifications to this equation has
been made by others such as accounting for the mechanical properties of
expandable clay minerals, and grain contact stiffness in granular media with
viscous fluids. These modifications and indeed most research in this area is
in the petroleum industry to predict reservoir characteristics for development
of oil and gas fields as well as exploration.
B3

Pressure

P-wave velocity is strongly dependent on effective pressure. The effective


pressure is the difference between the confining and pore pressure. For a
rock at depth the confining pressure is the pressure of the overlying strata.
The pore pressure may be the hydrostatic pressure if there is connected
porosity to the surface or it may be greater or less than hydrostatic.
In general velocity rises with increasing confining pressure and then levels
off to a terminal velocity when the effective pressure is high.
Gassman (1951) derived an expression for the velocity in a model consisting
of tightly packed elastic spherical particles under a pressure so that the
contacts between the spheres becomes areas rather than points. The elastic
constants of such a pack vary with pressure and the effect is to make the Pth
wave velocity vary as 1/6 power of the pressure.

ET425.01

REFERENCES
Biot, M. A. 1956. Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a FluidSaturated Porous Solid. I. Low-Frequency Range. Journal of the Acoustics
Society of America, 28(2):168.
Budiansky, B., and R. J. O'Connell. 1980. Bulk dissipation in heterogeneous
media. Solid Earth Geophysics and Geotechnology, New York: American
Society of Mechanical Engineers, 42:1.
Dampney, CNG and Whiteley, RJ (1978). Velocity determination and error
analysis for the seismic refraction method. Geophysical Prospecting, 28, pp.
1-17.
Dobrin, MG (1976). Introduction to geophysical prospecting. 3rd edition.
McGraw-Hill,New York.
Gassman, F (1951) Elastic waves though a packing of spheres. Geophysics,
16, 673-85
Hawkins, LV (1961). The reciprocal method of routine shallow seismic
refraction investigations. Geophysics, 26(6), 806-19.
Spathis, A.T, Blair, D.P. and Grant, J.R. (1987) Blast damage assessment of
th
rock by using high frequency cross-hole seismic method. ISRM 6 Int.
Congress on Rock Mechanics, Montreal.
Walker, C., Leung, T.M., Win, M.A. and Whiteley, RJ (1991). Engineering
Seismic Refraction: An Improved Field Practice and a New Interpretation
Program, REFRACT.
Wyllie, M. R. J., Gregory, A. R., and Gardner, G. H. F., (1958), An
experimental investigation of factors affecting elastic wave velocities in
porous media: Geophysics, 23, 459-493.

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E
Geotechnical Laboratory Test Certificates and Summary Table

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

97

37

60

44

56

32

24

42.7

1
0

38
18

61
82

37
51

24
31

45.6

33.1

103

81

22

23

34

13

21

42

21

21

11

21.3
22.8

1.48
1.67

Penetration (mm)

Soaked California
Bearing Ratio (%)

Dry Density Ratio


(%)

0.89

75
79
70

Moisture Ratio (%)

0.73

Optimum
moisture Content
(%)

84

Maximum
Modified Dry
Density (t/m3)

Field Dry Density


(t/m3)

Compaction
Field Tested
Moisture Content
(%)

Linear Shrinkage
(%)

Plastic Limit (%)

Plasticity Index
(%)

41

Liquid Limit (%)

100 59

Lab tested
Moisture content
(%)

Clay (%)

Silt (%)

Fines (%)

Sand (%)

0.5 m
1 to 1.4 m
2.5 to 2.9 m
4 to 4.4 m
5.5 to 5.95 m
7 to 7.45 m
8.5 to 8.95 m
10 to 10.4 m
11.5 to 11.9 m
13 to 13.4 m
14.5 to 14.9 m
16 to 16.45 m
17.5 to 17.9 m
19 to 19.4 m
20.5 to 20.95 m
22 to 22.4 m
23.5 to 23.95 m
25 to 25.4 m
26.5 to 26.9 m
28 to 28.45 m
29.5 to 29.9 m
31 to 31.45 m
0.3 m
0.5 to 1 m
0.5 m
0.5 to1 m
0.3 m
0.5 m
0.5 to 1 m
0.3 m
0.5 to 0.8 m
13.0 to 13.4 m
0.4 to 0.8 m
0.5 to 0.8 m

Gravel (%)

137622029_BH101-002
137622029_BH101-003
137622029_BH101-004
137622029_BH101-005
137622029_BH101-006
137622029_BH101-007
137622029_BH101-008
137622029_BH101-009
137622029_BH101-010
137622029_BH101-011
137622029_BH101-012
137622029_BH101-013
137622029_BH101-014
137622029_BH101-015
137622029_BH101-016
137622029_BH101-017
137622029_BH101-018
137622029_BH101-019
137622029_BH101-020
137622029_BH101-021
137622029_BH101-022
137622029_BH101-023
137622029_TP101-002
137622029_TP101-004
137622029_TP102-001
137622029_TP102-003
137622029_TP103-001
137622029_TP103-002
137622029_TP103-003
137622029_TP104-001
137622029_TP104-003
Coffey 2002 - BH01
Coffey 2002 - TP3
Coffey 2002 - TP4

Depth (m)

Sample ID

Particle Size Distribution, Moisture Content,


Atterberg Limits

1.62

20.4

103

100

1.57

22.8

97

100

1.62

20.1

90

102

4.5

1.47
1.67

23.2
19.7

100.5
100

7
7

5
5

44.7

1.27

93.4

0.252

2.24

0.366

Phi (deg)

c' (kPa)

Su (kPa)

Ca ( x 10 -3)

Mv (kPa -1 x 10 -3)

Cv (m2/yr)

Cc

Initial Degree of
Saturation (%)

Initial Voids Ratio

Final Moisture
Content (%)

4.12

Reaction Rate*

2.65

Initial Moisture
Content (%)

Soil Particle
Density (t/m3)

Initial Dry Density


(t/m3)

1.17

Acid Sulfate Soils


pHFOX (field
peroxide test)*

0.5 m
1 to 1.4 m
2.5 to 2.9 m
4 to 4.4 m
5.5 to 5.95 m
7 to 7.45 m
8.5 to 8.95 m
10 to 10.4 m
11.5 to 11.9 m
13 to 13.4 m
14.5 to 14.9 m
16 to 16.45 m
17.5 to 17.9 m
19 to 19.4 m
20.5 to 20.95 m
22 to 22.4 m
23.5 to 23.95 m
25 to 25.4 m
26.5 to 26.9 m
28 to 28.45 m
29.5 to 29.9 m
31 to 31.45 m
0.3 m
0.5 to 1 m
0.5 m
0.5 to1 m
0.3 m
0.5 m
0.5 to 1 m
0.3 m
0.5 to 0.8 m
13.0 to 13.4 m
0.4 to 0.8 m
0.5 to 0.8 m

Triaxial

pHF (field pH test)*

137622029_BH101-002
137622029_BH101-003
137622029_BH101-004
137622029_BH101-005
137622029_BH101-006
137622029_BH101-007
137622029_BH101-008
137622029_BH101-009
137622029_BH101-010
137622029_BH101-011
137622029_BH101-012
137622029_BH101-013
137622029_BH101-014
137622029_BH101-015
137622029_BH101-016
137622029_BH101-017
137622029_BH101-018
137622029_BH101-019
137622029_BH101-020
137622029_BH101-021
137622029_BH101-022
137622029_BH101-023
137622029_TP101-002
137622029_TP101-004
137622029_TP102-001
137622029_TP102-003
137622029_TP103-001
137622029_TP103-002
137622029_TP103-003
137622029_TP104-001
137622029_TP104-003
Coffey 2002 - BH01
Coffey 2002 - TP3
Coffey 2002 - TP4

Depth (m)

Sample ID

Consolidation (Oedometer)

5.3

2.9

High

6.3

2.9

High

6.7

2.1

High

7.8

2.3

Moderate

5.4

3.3

High

5.6

2.7

High

5.8
5.9

3
3

High
High

6.4

6.3

Vigorous

55
12.7
0.84

2.65

79.2

2.149

97.9

0.789

0.74

1.044

1.21

2.65

44.6

1.189

99.6

0.303

3.13

0.456

6.07

1.34

2.65

37.7

0.979

97.9102.3

0.312

0.342

5.12

0.92

2.86

73

56.7

100

0.822

1.678

0.846

18.6

18.88

1.29

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E1
Atterberg Limits (PL, LL, plus linear shrinkage)

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

9/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5581

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp03-003 0.5 to1 m

Atterberg Limits (1 Point Casagrande Method with Linear Shrinkage)


AS 1289.3.1.2, 3.2.1, 3.3.1, 3.4.1

SANDY SILTY CLAY:

Sample Description:

brown.

Liquid Limit:

42%

Plastic Limit:

21%

Plasticity Index:

21%

History of Sample:

Air-Dried

Method of Preparation:

Approved Signatory:

Dry-Sieved

Linear Shrinkage:

11.0%

Length of Mould:

250mm

Dry State:

Curling

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-014

Date: 9/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5581-AN014
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

9/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5580

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp02-003 0.5 to1 m

Atterberg Limits (1 Point Casagrande Method with Linear Shrinkage)


AS 1289.3.1.2, 3.2.1, 3.3.1, 3.4.1

SANDY SILTY CLAY:

Sample Description:

brown.

Liquid Limit:

42%

Plastic Limit:

21%

Plasticity Index:

21%

History of Sample:

Air-Dried

Method of Preparation:

Approved Signatory:

Dry-Sieved

Linear Shrinkage:

11.0%

Length of Mould:

250mm

Dry State:

Curling

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-014

Date: 9/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5580-AN014
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

9/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5579

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp01-004 0.5 to 1 m

Atterberg Limits (1 Point Casagrande Method with Linear Shrinkage)


AS 1289.3.1.2, 3.2.1, 3.3.1, 3.4.1

CLAYEY SILTY SAND:

Sample Description:

brown.

Liquid Limit:

34%

Plastic Limit:

21%

Plasticity Index:

13%

History of Sample:

Air-Dried

Method of Preparation:

Approved Signatory:

Dry-Sieved

Linear Shrinkage:

8.0%

Length of Mould:

255mm

Dry State:

Curling

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-014

Date: 9/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5579-AN014
Page: 1 of 1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E2
Particle Size Distribution with Hydrometer

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E3
Moisture Content

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

17/12/2013

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5580

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp02-003 0.5 to1 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

SANDY SILTY CLAY:

Sample Description:

brown.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

33.1%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 16/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5580-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

1/08/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5577

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-021 28 to 28.45 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SILTY SANDY CLAY: darkgrey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

45.6%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5577-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5575

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-016 20.5 to 20.95 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SANDY CLAY: dark-grey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

42.7%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5575-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/04/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5574

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-013 16 to 16.45 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

70.0%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5574-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5573

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-012 14.5 to 14.9 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

79.0%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5573-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5572

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-011 13 to 13.4 m

Atterberg Limits (1 Point Casagrande Method with Linear Shrinkage)


AS 1289.3.1.2, 3.2.1, 3.3.1, 3.4.1

Sample Description:

SILTY CLAY: grey.

Liquid Limit:

103%

Plastic Limit:

22%

Plasticity Index:

81%

History of Sample:

Air-Dried

Method of Preparation:

Approved Signatory:

Dry-Sieved

Linear Shrinkage:

23.0%

Length of Mould:

125mm

Dry State:

Curling

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-014

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5572-AN014
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/01/2013

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5572

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-011 13 to 13.4 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SILTY CLAY: grey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

75.0%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5572-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

8/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5571

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_bh01-009 10 to 10.4 m

Moisture Content of a Soil


AS 1289.2.1.1

Sample Description:

SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.

Moisture Content:

Approved Signatory:

84.0%

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-010

Date: 8/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5571-AN010
Page: 1 of 1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E4
Consolidation Tests

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.
This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is advised that information contained hereon reflects the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's
instructions, if any. The company's sole responsibility it to its client and this document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration, forgery or
falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


15/33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015
Australia

ABN 44 000 964 278


ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportsman Creek - Lawrence

Lab No.:

Test Date:
Report Date:

Client Id.:

137622029

13-AC-5578

16.12.13
8.1.14

Depth (m): bh01-022 (29.5-29.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.


1.00

30.0
Void Ratio
% Settlement

0.90

25.0

0.80

20.0

0.4

% Settlement

Void Ratio

0.70

15.0

0
30
0.60

10.0

0.50

5.0

0.40
1

10

100

0.0
10000

1000

Applied Pressure (kPa)

Dry Density (t/m3):

1.34

Initial Moisture (%):

37.7

Assumed Particle Density (t/m3):

2.65

Initial Voids Ratio:

0.979

Sample Type

Approved Signatory:

Undisturbed

Test Condition: Inundated on load


102.3

Page 1 of 2

Remarks:

Chris Lloyd
This document is issued in accordance with NATAs accreditation requirements

Accreditation No. 2418

Initial Degree of Saturation (%):

Date:

8.1.14

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportsman Creek - Lawrence

13-AC-5578

Lab No.:

16.12.13

Test Date:

8.1.14

Report Date:
Client Id.:

137622029

Depth (m): bh01-022 (29.5-29.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.

TEST RESULTS
Stage

Load

Cc

(kPa)

Cv (m2/yr)
t50

t90

Mv (kPa-1x10-3)

Ca x 10-3

% Consolidation

6-150

0.094

6.41

12.40

0.467

2.92

7.6

150-300

0.312

1.04

4.00

0.342

5.12

12.3

300-600

0.369

1.40

4.25

0.214

6.76

17.9

600-300

17.1

300-150

16.2

150-400

0.054

9.12

13.40

0.055

0.53

17.3

400-800

0.253

0.35

1.18

0.117

4.69

21.2

800-1600

0.415

1.03

2.01

0.100

8.61

27.5

1600-800

26.2

10

800-400

24.9

11

400-200

23.4

12

200-100

22.0

Remarks:

Page 2 of 2

Stage 1

150 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


11.26

11.260

11.06

11.060

t0

t0

10.860
Deformation (mm)

10.86
Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

10.66

t50

t0

t0

10.660

t50

10.46

10.460
t90
t100

10.26

t90
t100

10.260
t100

t100

10.06

10.060
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 2

300 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

9.98

9.980

t0

t0
9.880

9.78

9.780

9.68
t50

t50

9.58

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0
9.88

9.680

9.580

9.48

9.480

9.38

9.380

9.28

t100

t100

9.18

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

9.280

9.180
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 3

600 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

9.14

9.140

t0

t0
t0

8.940

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

8.94

t0

8.74
t50

t50

8.740

8.54

8.540

8.34

8.340
t100

t90

t90

t100

t100

t100

8.14

8.140
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 4

300 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


8.290

8.27

8.270

8.25

8.250

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


8.29

8.23

t0

t0

8.21

8.230

8.210

8.19

8.190

8.17

8.170

8.15

8.150
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 5

150 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


8.480

8.46

8.460

8.44

8.440

8.42

8.420

8.4

8.400

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


8.48

8.38

8.36

8.34

t0

8.380

8.360

8.340

t0

8.32

8.320

8.3

8.300

8.28

8.280
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 6

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.45

8.450

8.4

8.400

t0
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

8.35
t50

t50

t0

t0

8.350

t90
t100

8.3

t90
t100

8.300

t100

t100

8.25

8.250
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

40

Stage 7

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.24

8.240

t0

t0

8.14

8.140
t0
8.040

7.94
t50

t50

7.84

7.74

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

8.04

t0

7.940

t90
t100

7.840

t90
t100

7.740

7.64

7.640
t100

t100

7.54

7.540
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

50

Sq. Root Time (mins)

60

70

80

90

Stage 8

1600 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

7.27

7.270

7.17

7.170

7.07

7.070

6.97

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

t50

6.87

6.77

6.67

t0

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

6.970

6.870

6.770

6.670

6.57

6.570
t100

t100

6.47

6.470

6.37

6.370
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 9

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


6.620

6.57

6.570

6.52

6.520

t0

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


6.62

t0

6.47

6.42

6.470

6.420

6.37

6.370
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

Sq. Root Time (mins)

20

25

30

Stage 10

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

6.85

6.850

6.83

6.830

6.81

6.810

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

6.79

6.77

6.790

6.770

6.75

6.750

6.73

6.730

6.71

6.710

6.69

t0
0.01

t0
0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

6.690
10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 11

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

7.1

7.100

7.05

7.050

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

6.95

7.000

6.950

t0

t0

6.9

6.900

6.85

6.850
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

Sq. Root Time (mins)

40

50

Stage 12

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5578

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

7.37

7.370

7.32

7.320

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

7.27

7.270

7.220

7.22

7.170

7.17

t0

t0

7.120

7.12
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

Sq. Root Time (mins)

50

60

70

This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.
This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is advised that information contained hereon reflects the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's
instructions, if any. The company's sole responsibility it to its client and this document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration, forgery or
falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


15/33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015
Australia

ABN 44 000 964 278


ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportsman Creek - Lawrence

Lab No.:

Test Date:
Report Date:

Client Id.:

13-AC-5576

16.12.13
7.1.14

Depth (m): bh01-017 (22.0-22.4m)

137622029

Description:SANDY CLAY: grey.


1.30

35.0
Void Ratio
% Settlement

1.20

30.0

1.10
25.0

0.4
1.00

1.2
% Settlement

Void Ratio

20.0
0.90

15.0

35

0.80

10.0
0.70

5.0

0.60

0.50
1

10

100

0.0
10000

1000

Applied Pressure (kPa)

Dry Density (t/m3):

1.21

Initial Moisture (%):

44.6

Assumed Particle Density (t/m3):

2.65

Initial Voids Ratio:

1.189

Test Condition: Inundated on load


Initial Degree of Saturation (%):

Sample Type Undisturbed/ Remoulded Remarks:

Approved Signatory:

Page 1 of 2

Chris Lloyd
This document is issued in accordance with NATAs accreditation requirements

Accreditation No. 2418

99.6

Date:

7.1.14

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportsman Creek - Lawrence

13-AC-5576

Lab No.:

Test Date:

16.12.13

Report Date:
Client Id.:

7.1.14

Depth (m): bh01-017 (22.0-22.4m)

137622029

Description:SANDY CLAY: grey.

TEST RESULTS
Stage

Load

Cc

(kPa)

Cv (m2/yr)
t50

t90

Mv (kPa-1x10-3)

Ca x 10-3

% Consolidation

6-100

0.147

4.53

7.13

0.876

2.83

8.5

100-200

0.303

1.61

3.13

0.456

6.07

12.7

200-400

0.427

1.52

2.85

0.336

6.58

18.5

400-200

18.0

200-100

17.3

100-400

0.052

4.93

14.83

0.058

1.58

18.7

400-800

0.440

1.63

1.62

0.186

6.61

24.8

800-1600

0.444

3.56

4.88

0.102

8.50

30.9

1600-800

30.0

10

800-400

29.1

11

400-200

28.1

12

200-100

27.0

Remarks:

Page 2 of 2

Stage 1

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

11.31

11.310

11.11

11.110

10.910

t0

t0

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

10.91

10.71

10.51

t0

t0

10.710

10.510

t50

t50

10.31

10.310

10.11

t90

t90

t100

t100

10.110
t100

t100

9.91

9.910
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 2

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

t0

9.81

t0

9.810

9.71

9.710

9.61

9.610

t50

9.51

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

9.510

9.41

9.410

9.31

9.310

t100

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

t100

9.21

9.210

9.11

9.110
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 3

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.98

t0

8.980

t0

t0

8.780

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

8.78

t0

8.58
t50

t50

8.38

8.580

8.380

8.18

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.180
t100

t100

7.98

7.980
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 4

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


8.100

8.09

8.090

8.08

8.080

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


8.1

8.07

8.06

8.05

8.070

8.060

8.050

t0

t0

8.04

8.040

8.03

8.030
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 5

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


8.230

8.22

8.220

8.21

8.210

8.2

8.200

8.19

8.190

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


8.23

8.18

8.17

8.180

8.170

8.16

8.160

8.15

8.150

8.14

8.140

t0

t0

8.13

8.130
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 6

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.2

8.200

8.15

8.150

8.1

t0

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

t0

8.05

8.100

t0

t0

8.050
t50

t50

t90
t100

t90
t100

8.000
t100

t100

7.95

7.950
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

40

Stage 7

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

t0

7.78

t0

7.780
t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

7.580

t50

7.38

t50

7.18

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

7.58

t0

7.380

7.180

t100

6.98

t100

6.78

6.980

6.780
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

50

Sq. Root Time (mins)

60

70

80

90

Stage 8

1600 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

t0

t0

6.61

6.610
t0

6.410

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

6.41

t0

t50

6.21

6.01

6.210
t90

t90

t100

t100

6.010

5.81
t100

5.810

t100

5.61

5.610
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 9

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

5.77

5.770

5.75

5.750

5.73

5.730

t0

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

t0

5.71

5.710

5.69

5.690

5.67

5.670

5.65

5.650
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

Sq. Root Time (mins)

20

25

30

Stage 10

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


5.970

5.95

5.950

5.93

5.930
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


5.97

5.91

5.910

5.89

5.890

5.87

5.870

t0

t0

5.85

5.850
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 11

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

6.14

6.140

6.12

6.120

6.1

6.100
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

6.08

6.06

6.080

6.060

6.04

6.040

6.02

6.020

t0

t0
6.000

0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

Sq. Root Time (mins)

40

50

Stage 12

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5576

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


6.370

6.32

6.320

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


6.37

6.27

6.270

6.220

6.22

t0

6.17
0.01

t0
0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

6.170
0

10

20

30

40

Sq. Root Time (mins)

50

60

70

This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.
This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is advised that information contained hereon reflects the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's
instructions, if any. The company's sole responsibility it to its client and this document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration, forgery or
falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


15/33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015
Australia

ABN 44 000 964 278


ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportman Creek - Lawrence

Lab No.:

Test Date:
Report Date:

Client Id.:

137622029

13-AC-5573

16.12.13
7.1.14

Depth (m): bh01-012 (14.5-14.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.


2.20

45.0
Void Ratio

2.10

% Settlement

40.0

2.00
1.90

35.0
1.80
1.70
30.0

0.8
1.60

25.0

% Settlement

Void Ratio

2.2
1.50
1.40

20.0

1.30

45

1.20

15.0
1.10
1.00
10.0
0.90
0.80

5.0

0.70
0.60
1

10

100

0.0
10000

1000

Applied Pressure (kPa)

Dry Density (t/m3):

0.84

Initial Moisture (%):

79.2

Assumed Particle Density (t/m3):

2.65

Initial Voids Ratio:

2.149

Sample Type

Approved Signatory:

Undisturbed

Test Condition: Inundated on load


97.9

Page 1 of 2

Remarks:

Chris Lloyd
This document is issued in accordance with NATAs accreditation requirements

Accreditation No. 2418

Initial Degree of Saturation (%):

Date:

7.1.14

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportman Creek - Lawrence

13-AC-5573

Lab No.:

16.12.13

Test Date:

7.1.14

Report Date:
Client Id.:

137622029

Depth (m): bh01-012 (14.5-14.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: dark-grey.

TEST RESULTS
Stage

Load

Cc

(kPa)

Cv (m2/yr)
t50

t90

Mv (kPa-1x10-3)

Ca x 10-3

% Consolidation

6-75

0.072

2.23

3.00

0.367

1.80

3.7

75-150

0.789

0.28

0.74

1.044

18.88

11.3

150-300

1.164

0.27

0.33

0.836

14.51

22.4

300-150

22.0

150-75

20.5

75-200

0.084

1.21

1.58

0.115

1.63

21.7

200-400

0.599

0.25

0.61

0.365

9.16

27.4

400-800

0.735

0.24

0.34

0.242

9.77

34.4

800-1600

0.664

0.25

0.37

0.121

7.98

40.8

10

1600-800

40.5

11

800-400

39.0

12

400-100

37.1

Remarks:

Page 2 of 2

Stage 1

75 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

t0

t0

12.45

12.450
t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

12.350

12.25

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

12.35

t0

t50

12.15

12.250

12.150

12.05

12.050
t100

t100

11.95

11.950
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 2

150 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

11.77

11.770

11.57

11.570

11.37
t50

t50

11.17

10.97

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

11.370

11.170

t90

t90

t100

t100

10.970

t100

10.77

t100

10.57

10.770

10.570
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 3

300 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

10.35

10.350

10.15

10.150

9.95

9.950

9.75

9.750

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

t50

9.55

9.35

9.550

9.350

9.15

9.150

8.95

8.950

t100

8.75

t100

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.750

8.55

8.550
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 4

150 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.75

8.750

8.7

8.700

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

8.65

8.6

8.650

8.600

t0

t0

8.55

8.550
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 5

75 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

9.01

9.010

8.96

8.960

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

8.91

8.910

8.86

8.860

8.81

8.810

t0

t0

8.76

8.760
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 6

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

9.04

9.040

t0

8.99

8.990

8.94

8.940

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

8.89
t50

t50

8.84

8.79

t100

t100

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.890

8.840

8.790

8.74

t0

8.740

8.69

8.690
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

40

Stage 7

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


t0
8.640

8.44

8.440

t50

8.24

t50

8.04

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0
8.64

t0

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.240

8.040

7.84

t100

t100

7.64

7.840

7.640
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

50

Sq. Root Time (mins)

60

70

80

90

Stage 8

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


t0

7.56

7.560

7.36

7.360

7.16

7.160
t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

t50

6.96

6.76

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

6.960

6.760

6.56

t0

6.560
t100

t100

6.36

6.360
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 9

1600 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


t0

6.19

6.190

5.99

5.990

t50

5.79

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

t50

5.59

t0

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

5.790

5.590

5.39

5.390
t100

t100

5.19

5.190
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

Sq. Root Time (mins)

20

25

30

Stage 10

800 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


5.400

5.35

5.350

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


5.4

5.3

5.25

5.300

5.250

t0

t0

5.2

5.200
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 11

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

5.69

5.690

5.64

5.640

5.59

5.590
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

5.54

5.540

5.49

5.490

5.44

5.440

t0

t0

5.39

5.390
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

Sq. Root Time (mins)

40

50

Stage 12

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5573

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

6.06

6.060

6.01

6.010

5.96

5.960

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

5.91

5.86

5.910

5.860

5.81

5.810

5.76

5.760

5.710

5.71
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

Sq. Root Time (mins)

50

60

70

This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.
This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is advised that information contained hereon reflects the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's
instructions, if any. The company's sole responsibility it to its client and this document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration, forgery or
falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


15/33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015
Australia

ABN 44 000 964 278


ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportman Creek - Lawrence

Lab No.:

Test Date:
Report Date:

Client Id.:

137622029

13-AC-5570

16.12.13
7.1.14

Depth (m): bh01-004 (2.5-2.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: grey.


1.30

18.0
Void Ratio
% Settlement

16.0

14.0
1.20

12.0

0.8

10.0

% Settlement

Void Ratio

1.4

1.10

8.0

20
6.0

1.00
4.0

2.0

0.90
1

10

0.0
1000

100

Applied Pressure (kPa)

Dry Density (t/m3):

1.17

Initial Moisture (%):

44.7

Assumed Particle Density (t/m3):

2.65

Initial Voids Ratio:

1.270

Sample Type

Approved Signatory:

Undisturbed

Test Condition: Inundated on load


93.4

Page 1 of 2

Remarks:

Chris Lloyd
This document is issued in accordance with NATAs accreditation requirements

Accreditation No. 2418

Initial Degree of Saturation (%):

Date:

7.1.14

OEDOMETER TEST REPORT


Test Method: AS1289.6.6.1

Client:

Golder Associates

Project:

Sportman Creek - Lawrence

13-AC-5570

Lab No.:

16.12.13

Test Date:

7.1.14

Report Date:
Client Id.:

137622029

Depth (m): bh01-004 (2.5-2.9m)

Description:SILTY CLAY: grey.

TEST RESULTS
Stage

Load

Cc

(kPa)

Cv (m2/yr)
t50

t90

Mv (kPa-1x10-3)

Ca x 10-3

% Consolidation

6-12.5

0.169

0.54

0.70

3.645

1.21

2.4

12.5-25

0.098

0.72

1.49

1.069

1.92

3.7

25-50

0.156

1.01

1.41

0.861

2.32

5.8

50-25

5.8

25-12.5

5.7

12.5-50

0.007

4.32

5.86

0.052

0.63

5.9

50-100

0.203

1.01

1.65

0.573

2.86

8.6

100-200

0.252

1.10

2.24

0.366

4.12

12.0

200-400

0.309

1.31

2.12

0.233

4.45

16.1

10

400-200

16.0

11

200-100

15.9

12

100-25

14.7

Remarks:

Page 2 of 2

Stage 1

12.5 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


t0
10.120

10.07

10.070

10.02

10.020

9.97

9.970
t50

9.92

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0
10.12

t50

9.87

9.920

9.870

9.82

9.820

9.77

9.770

t90

t90

9.720

t100

t100

9.72
t100

t100

9.67

9.670
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 2

25 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

9.6

9.600

t50

t50

9.5

9.45

t100

t100

9.4

9.550
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

9.55

9.500

t90

t90

t100

t100

9.450

9.400
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 3

50 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


9.340

9.29

9.290

9.24

9.240

t50

9.19

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


9.34

9.14

9.09

9.190

9.140
t90

t90

t100

t100

9.090

t100

9.04

t100

9.040

8.99

8.990
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 4

25 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


9.060

9.05

9.050

9.04

9.040

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


9.06

9.03

t0

t0

9.02

9.030

9.020

9.01

9.010

9.000

8.99

8.990
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 5

12.5 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


9.130

9.12

9.120

9.11

9.110

9.1

9.100
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


9.13

9.09

9.08

t0

t0

9.090

9.080

9.07

9.070

9.06

9.060

9.05

9.050

9.04

9.040
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 6

50 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

t0

t0
t0

9.06

9.060

9.04

9.040
t50
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t50

t0

9.02

9.020
t90

t90

t100

t100

9.000
t100

t100

8.98

8.980

8.96

8.960
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

40

Stage 7

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

8.94

8.940

t0

t0
t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.840

8.74
t50

t50

8.64

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

8.84

t0

8.740

8.640

8.54

t100

t100

8.44

8.540

8.440
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

50

Sq. Root Time (mins)

60

70

80

90

Stage 8

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


t0

8.29

8.290

8.19

8.190

t50

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0

t50

8.09

7.99

t0

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

8.090

7.990

7.89

t100

7.890

t100

7.79

7.790
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 9

400 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

7.79

7.790

t0
7.690

7.59

7.590

7.49

7.490

t50

7.39

Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

t0
7.69

t50

7.29

t0

t0

t90

t90

t100

t100

7.390

7.290

7.19

7.190

t100

7.09

t100

7.090

6.99

6.990
0.01

0.1

10

Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

Sq. Root Time (mins)

20

25

30

Stage 10

200 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


7.070

7.06

7.060

7.05

7.050

7.04

7.040
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


7.07

7.03

t0

t0

7.030

7.02

7.020

7.01

7.010

7.000

6.99

6.990
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

15

20

Sq. Root Time (mins)

25

30

35

Stage 11

100 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)


7.180

7.16

7.160

7.14

7.140
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)


7.18

7.12

t0

7.1

t0

7.120

7.100

7.08

7.080

7.06

7.060
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

Sq. Root Time (mins)

40

50

Stage 12

25 kPa

Lab No.: 13-AC-5570

Compression v's Time (Sq. Root Scale)

7.41

7.410

7.36

7.360
Deformation (mm)

Deformation (mm)

Compression v's Time (Log Scale)

7.31

7.310

7.260

7.26

t0

t0

7.210

7.21
0.01

0.1

10
Time (mins)

100

1000

10000

10

20

30

40

Sq. Root Time (mins)

50

60

70

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E5
Consolidated Un-drained Triaxial with pore water
measurements

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E6
Standard Compaction and CBR Results

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

20/12/2013

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5579

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp01-004 0.5 to 1 m

Dry Density / Moisture Content Relation of Road Construction Materials


RMS T111 - Standard Compactive Effort

Sample Description:

CLAYEY SILTY SAND:


brown.

Maximum Dry Density:

1.62t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

20.4%

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm

0%

Sieve:
Percent Oversize - 37.5mm

0%

Sieve:
Mould Size:

Approved Signatory:

Mould A

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-076

Date: 13/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5579-AN076.1
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

13/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5579

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp01-004 0.5 to 1 m

California Bearing Ratio of Remoulded Specimens of Road Construction


Material
RMS T117 - Standard Compactive Effort

CLAYEY SILTY SAND:

Sample Description:

brown.

CBR at 2.5mm:

CBR at 5.0mm:

Sample Data
Compaction Specification:

100% MDD at 100% OMC

Maximum Dry Density:

1.62t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

20.4%

Mass of Surcharges:

4.5kg

Period of Soaking:

10 Days

Sample Preparation
Dry Density - Before
Soaking

1.62t/m

Dry Density - After Soaking:

1.59t/m

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm


Sieve:

0%

Moisture Content - Before


Soaking:

21.0%

Laboratory Density Ratio:

100%

Laboratory Moisture Ratio:

103%

Moisture Content - After Soaking


Top 30mm of Specimen:

23.9%

Remainder of Specimen:

31.2%

Swell of Specimen After


Soaking:
Compactive Effort:

1.7%
Standard - RMS T111

This Certificate replaces the previously issued Certificate No.:13-AC-5579-AN080/1

Approved Signatory:

(Aaron Lacey.Operations Supervisor)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-080

Date: 18/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5579-AN080/2
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

20/12/2013

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5580

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp02-003 0.5 to1 m

Dry Density / Moisture Content Relation of Road Construction Materials


RMS T111 - Standard Compactive Effort

Sample Description:

SANDY SILTY CLAY:


brown.

Maximum Dry Density:

1.57t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

22.8%

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm

0%

Sieve:
Percent Oversize - 37.5mm

0%

Sieve:
Mould Size:

Approved Signatory:

Mould A

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-076

Date: 13/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5580-AN076.1
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

13/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5580

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp02-003 0.5 to1 m

California Bearing Ratio of Remoulded Specimens of Road Construction


Material
RMS T117 - Standard Compactive Effort

SANDY SILTY CLAY:

Sample Description:

brown.

CBR at 2.5mm:

CBR at 5.0mm:

Sample Data
Compaction Specification:

100% MDD at 100% OMC

Maximum Dry Density:

1.57t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

22.8%

Mass of Surcharges:

4.5kg

Period of Soaking:

10 Days

Sample Preparation
Dry Density - Before
Soaking

1.57t/m

Dry Density - After Soaking:

1.54t/m

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm


Sieve:

0%

Moisture Content - Before


Soaking:

22.2%

Laboratory Density Ratio:

100%

Laboratory Moisture Ratio:

97%

Moisture Content - After Soaking


Top 30mm of Specimen:

26.3%

Remainder of Specimen:

23.9%

Swell of Specimen After


Soaking:
Compactive Effort:

1.5%
Standard - RMS T111

This Certificate replaces the previously issued Certificate No.:13-AC-5580-AN080

Approved Signatory:

(Aaron Lacey.Operations Supervisor)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-080

Date: 18/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5580-AN080/1
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

20/12/2013

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5581

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp03-003 0.5 to1 m

Dry Density / Moisture Content Relation of Road Construction Materials


RMS T111 - Standard Compactive Effort

Sample Description:

SANDY SILTY CLAY:


brown.

Maximum Dry Density:

1.62t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

20.1%

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm

0%

Sieve:
Percent Oversize - 37.5mm

0%

Sieve:
Mould Size:

Approved Signatory:

Mould A

(Chris Lloyd.Business Manager)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-076

Date: 13/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5581-AN076.1
Page: 1 of 1

TEST CERTIFICATE
This document is issued by the Company subject to its General Conditions of Service (www.sgs.com/terms_and_conditions.htm). Attention is drawn to the limitations
of liability, indemnification and jurisdictional issues established therein.

chris.lloyd@sgs.com
ABN: 44 000 964 278
ph: +61 (0)2 8594 0481
fx: +61 (0)2 8594 0499

Client:

This document is to be treated as an original within the meaning of UCP 600. Any holder of this document is to be advised that information contained hereon reflects
the Company's findings at the time of its intervention only and within the limits of client's instructions, if any. The Company's sole responsibility is to its Client and this
document does not exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any unauthorized alteration,
forgery or falsification of the content or appearance of this document is unlawful and offenders may be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.

Golder Associates

Order No:

SGS Australia Pty Ltd


PO Box 6432 Alexandria NSW 2015
Unit 15, 33 Maddox Street
Alexandria NSW 2015

Client Job No:

137622029

Project:

Sportsman Creek

Tested Date:

13/01/2014

Location:

Lawrence

SGS Job Number:

13-32-759

Sample No:

13-AC-5581

Lab:

Alexandria CMT

Sample ID:

137622029_tp03-003 0.5 to1 m

California Bearing Ratio of Remoulded Specimens of Road Construction


Material
RMS T117 - Standard Compactive Effort

SANDY SILTY CLAY:

Sample Description:

brown.

CBR at 2.5mm:

CBR at 5.0mm:

4.5

Sample Data
Compaction Specification:

100% MDD at 100% OMC

Maximum Dry Density:

1.62t/m

Optimum Moisture Content:

20.1%

Mass of Surcharges:

4.5kg

Period of Soaking:

10 Days

Sample Preparation
Dry Density - Before
Soaking

1.65t/m

Dry Density - After Soaking:

1.62t/m

Percent Oversize - 19.0mm


Sieve:

0%

Moisture Content - Before


Soaking:

18.1%

Laboratory Density Ratio:

102%

Laboratory Moisture Ratio:

90%

Moisture Content - After Soaking


Top 30mm of Specimen:

26.2%

Remainder of Specimen:

21.2%

Swell of Specimen After


Soaking:
Compactive Effort:

1.9%
Standard - RMS T111

This Certificate replaces the previously issued Certificate No.:13-AC-5581-AN080

Approved Signatory:

(Aaron Lacey.Operations Supervisor)

Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025


Accreditation No.: 2418
Client Address: 124 Pacific Highway St Leonards NSW 2065

Form No.PF-AU-INDCMT-GEN-AN-080

Date: 18/01/2014

Site No.: 2418


Cert No.: 13-AC-5581-AN080/1
Page: 1 of 1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX E7
Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX F
Contamination and Acid Sulfate Laboratory Test Results and
Summary Tables

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

AppendixF:SoilanalyticalresultsscreenedagainstNEPM2013andNSWEPAWasteClassificationCriteria

Sample ID
Depth, m
Date Sampled

Analyte
Asbestos
Sample mass tested
Sample Description

Units

PQL

GSW CT1

137622029_tp03-004
0.2
9/12/2013

137622029_tp04-004
0.2
9/12/2013

137622029_bh01-001
0.95
9/12/2013

137622029_bh01-006
5.5-5.95
9/12/2013

137622029_bh01-013
16-16.45
10/12/2013

g
-

Approx 40g
Dark brown fine-grained soil & rocks

Approx 40g
Dark brown fine-grained soil & rocks

Approx 40g
Dark brown fine-grained soil & rocks

Approx 40g
Dark brown fine-grained soil & rocks

No asbestos detected at reporting limit of 0.1g/kg


No respirable fibres detected

No asbestos detected at reporting limit of 0.1g/kg


No respirable fibres detected

No asbestos detected at reporting limit of 0.1g/kg


No respirable fibres detected

No asbestos detected at reporting limit of 0.1g/kg


No respirable fibres detected

mg/kg

100

400

300

Cadmium

mg/kg

0.4

20

80

90

Chromium
Copper
Lead

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

1
1
1

100*

400*

100

400

300*
17000
600

4
40

16
160

80
1200
30000

Mercury
mg/kg
0.1
Nickel
mg/kg
1
Zinc
mg/kg
1
Total Recoverable Hydrocarbons - 1999 NEPM Fractions
TRH C6 - C9
mg/kg
25
TRH C10 - C14
mg/kg
50
TRH C15 - C28
mg/kg
100
TRH C29 - C36
mg/kg
100

650#
10000

100

<0.4

<0.4

<0.4

<0.4

410
230
1100

23
21
20

25
23
32

21
22
89

19
20
40

270
770

<0.1
17
65

<0.1
20
91

<0.1
17
84

0.2
14
71

<25
<50
<100
<100

<25
<50
<100
<100

<25
<50
<100
<100

<25
<50
<100
<100

<25
<25

<25
<25

<25
<25

<25
<25

<50
<50
<100
<100

<50
<50
<100
<100

<50
<50
<100
<100

<50
<50
<100
<100

<0.2
<0.5
<1
<2
<1
<1

<0.2
<0.5
<1
<2
<1
<1

<0.2
<0.5
<1
<2
<1
<1

<0.2
<0.5
<1
<2
<1
<1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.2
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.5
-

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.3
<0.1
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.24
0.2
<0.1
0.2
<0.5
2.6

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
1.1
0.2
2.2
2
0.7
0.7
1.4
0.92
0.6
<0.1
0.7
1
10

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.6
0.1
1.3
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.9
0.6
0.4
<0.1
0.5
1
6.4

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

2600#
#

40000#

Total Recoverable Hydrocarbons - 2013 NEPM Fractions


mg/kg
25
mg/kg
25

TRH C6 - C10
vTPH C6 - C10 less BTEX (F1)

137622029

137622029_tp02-004
0.5
9/12/2013

NEPM 2013 HILsNEPM 2013 ESLs - NEPM 2013 HSLs


Public Open Space NEPM 2013 EILs - Public Open Space
- Public Open
C Soil
Public Open Space
(Coarse)
Space C
RSW CT2

Asbestos ID in soil
Trace Analysis
Metals
Arsenic

TRH >C10-C16
TRH >C10 - C16 less Naphthalene (F2)
TRH >C16-C34
TRH >C34-C40
BTEX
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
m+p-xylene
o-Xylene
Naphthalene
PAHs
Naphthalene
Acenaphthylene
Acenaphthene
Fluorene
Phenanthrene
Anthracene
Fluoranthene
Pyrene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Chrysene
Benzo(b+k)fluoranthene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene TEQ
Total PAHs +ve
OCPs
HCB
alpha-BHC
gamma-BHC
beta-BHC
Heptachlor
delta-BHC
Aldrin
Heptachlor Epoxide
gamma-Chlordane
alpha-chlordane
Endosulfan I
pp-DDE
Dieldrin
Endrin
pp-DDD
Endosulfan II
pp-DDT
Endrin Aldehyde
Endosulfan Sulphate
Methoxychlor
OPPs
Diazinon
Dimethoate
Chlorpyriphos-methyl
Ronnel
Chlorpyriphos
Fenitrothion
Bromophos-ethyl
Ethion
PCBs
Arochlor 1016
Arochlor 1221
Arochlor 1232
Arochlor 1242
Arochlor 1248
Arochlor 1254
Arochlor 1260

137622029_tp01-003
0.3
9/12/2013

180**

NL

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

50
50
100
100

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.2
0.5
1
2
1
1

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
-

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1

10
288
600

40
1152
2400

1000

4000

120**
300**
2800**

NL

50**
85**
70**

NL
NL
NL

105**

NL

170

0.8

3.2

200#

800#

0.7**

3
300
10

10
10^
70
340
400^^
10^
20
400^^
340
400^^

400

<50#

<50

NL

180

PreparedBy:RB
CheckedBy:OB

AppendixF:SoilanalyticalresultsscreenedagainstNEPM2013andNSWEPAWasteClassificationCriteria

Analyte
Cations
Exchangeable Ca
Exchangeable K
Exchangeable Mg
Exchangeable Na
Cation Exchange Capacity
Acid Herbicides
Clopyralid
3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid
o-chlorophenoxy acetic acid
4-CPA
Dicamba
MCPP
MCPA
Dichlorprop
2,4-D
Bromoxynil
Triclopyr
2,4,5-TP
2,4,5-T
MCPB
Dinoseb
2,4-DB
Ioxynil
Picloram
DCPA (Chlorthal) Diacid
Acifluorfen
2,4,6-T
2,6-D
Trazine Herbicides
Atrazine
Ametryn
Cyanazine
Hexazinone
Irgarol
Metribuzine
Propazine
Prometryn
Simazine
Terbutylazine
Terbutryn
Miscellaneous Inorganics
Clay in soils <2um
pH
Electrical Conductivity
Chloride, Cl
Sulphate, SO4

137622029_tp01-003

137622029_tp02-004

137622029_tp03-004

137622029_tp04-004

137622029_bh01-001

137622029_bh01-006

137622029_bh01-013

Depth, m
Date Sampled

0.3
9/12/2013

0.5
9/12/2013

0.2
9/12/2013

0.2
9/12/2013

0.95
9/12/2013

5.5-5.95
9/12/2013

16-16.45
10/12/2013

NEPM 2013 HILsNEPM 2013 ESLs - NEPM 2013 HSLs


Public Open Space NEPM 2013 EILs - Public Open Space
- Public Open
C Soil
Public Open Space
(Coarse)
Space C
RSW CT2

Units

PQL

meq/100g
meq/100g
meq/100g
meq/100g
meq/100g

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1

8.9
0.7
5
<0.1
15

11
0.5
4.5
<0.1
16

9.7
0.4
3
<0.1
13

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg
mg/kg

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5

32
5.7
-

22
6
-

1
10
10

32
5.2
-

5.2
140
<10
190

7.1
180
29
180

8.4
3800
5500
210

% (w/w)
pH Units
S/cm
mg/kg
mg/kg

GSW CT1

Sample ID

800
800
1300

800
800

5700

Notes:
*Limitsapplytochromiuminthe+6oxidationstate
^CriteriaforAldrinandDieldrin
^^CriteriaforDDT+DDE+DDD
#SCC1andSCC2criteriaadopted
NL:NonLimiting
**ForESLcriterion'coarse'hasbeenselectedasaconservativeapproach.
100
Exceedsassessmentcriteria

137622029

PreparedBy:RB
CheckedBy:OB

AppendixF:Soilanalyticalresultsforacidsulfatesoils

Sample
Depth

137622029_bh01-002
0.5

137622029_bh01-004
2.5-2.9

137622029_bh01-006
5.5-5.95

137622029_bh01-013
16-16.45

137622029_tp01-002
0.5

137622029_tp02-001
0.3

137622029_tp02-002
0.5

137622029_tp03-001
0.3

137622029_tp03-002
0.5

137622029_tp04-001
0.3

Date Sampled

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

10/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

9/12/2013

ASS
pHF (field pH test)*
pHFOX (field peroxide test)*
Reaction Rate*
sPOCAS
pH kcl
TAA pH 6.5
s-TAA pH 6.5
pH Ox
TPA pH 6.5
s-TPA pH 6.5
TSA pH 6.5
s-TSA pH 6.5
ANCE
a-ANCE
s-ANCE
SKCl
SP
SPOS
a-SPOS
CaKCl
CaP
CaA
MgKCl
MgP
MgA
SHCl
SNAS
a-SNAS
s-SNAS
Fineness Factor
a-Net Acidity
Liming rate
a-Net Acidity without ANCE
Liming rate without ANCE
Chromium Reducible Sulfur
a-Chromium Reducible Sulfur

137622029

pH Units
pH Units

5.3
2.9

6.3
2.9

6.7
2.1

7.8
2.3

5.4
3.3

5.6
2.9

5.6
2.7

5.8
3

5.9
3

6.4
6.3

High

High

High

Moderate

High

High

High

High

High

Vigorous

pH units
moles H+/t
%w/w S
pH units
moles H+/t
%w/w S
moles H+/t
%w/w S
% CaCO3
moles H+/t
%w/w S
%w/w S
%w/w
%w/w
moles H+/t
%w/w
%w/w
%w/w
%w/w
%w/w
%w/w
%w/w S
%w/w S
moles H+/t
%w/w S
moles H+/t
kg CaCO3/t
moles H+/t
kg CaCO3/t
%w/w
moles H+/t

4.4
50
0.08
3.2
260
0.41
210
0.33
<0.05
<5
<0.05
0.04
0.25
0.21
130
0.15
0.16
0.008
0.099
0.12
0.017
0.057
0.017
8
0.01
1.5
190
14
NA
NA
0.11
66

5.9
<5
<0.01
2.4
400
0.64
400
0.64
<0.05
<5
<0.05
0.04
0.82
0.78
490
0.09
0.1
0.009
0.093
0.11
0.015
1.5
490
37
NA
NA
0.42
270

4.8
22
0.04
3.2
90
0.14
67
0.11
<0.05
<5
<0.05
<0.005
0.03
0.03
18
0.17
0.18
0.01
0.056
0.064
0.008
1.5
41
3
NA
NA
<0.005
<3

PreparedBy:RB
CheckedBy:OB

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS

102456

Client:
Golder Associates Pty Ltd
124 Pacific Highway
St Leonards
NSW 2065
Attention:

Matthew Martin

Sample log in details:


Your Reference:
No. of samples:
Date samples received / completed instructions received

137622029, Lawrence
17 Soils
11-13/12/2013
/ 13/12/2013

Analysis Details:
Please refer to the following pages for results, methodology summary and quality control data.
Samples were analysed as received from the client. Results relate specifically to the samples as received.
Results are reported on a dry weight basis for solids and on an as received basis for other matrices.
Please refer to the last page of this report for any comments relating to the results.
Report Details:
Date results requested by: / Issue Date:
20/12/13
/
31/12/13
Date of Preliminary Report:
None Issued
NATA accreditation number 2901. This document shall not be reproduced except in full.
Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025.
Tests not covered by NATA are denoted with *.
Results Approved By:

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 1 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

vTRH(C6-C10)/BTEXN in Soil
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

TRHC 6 - C 9

mg/kg

<25

<25

<25

<25

TRHC 6 - C 10

mg/kg

<25

<25

<25

<25

vTPH C6 - C 10 less BTEX (F1)

mg/kg

<25

<25

<25

<25

Benzene

mg/kg

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

Toluene

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Ethylbenzene

mg/kg

<1

<1

<1

<1

m+p-xylene

mg/kg

<2

<2

<2

<2

Date Sampled
Type of sample
Date extracted

o-Xylene

mg/kg

<1

<1

<1

<1

naphthalene

mg/kg

<1

<1

<1

<1

Surrogate aaa-Trifluorotoluene

100

101

101

103

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 2 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

svTRH (C10-C40) in Soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

TRHC 10 - C 14

mg/kg

<50

<50

<50

<50

TRHC 15 - C 28

mg/kg

<100

<100

<100

<100

TRHC 29 - C 36

mg/kg

<100

<100

<100

<100

TRH >C10-C 16

mg/kg

<50

<50

<50

<50

TRH >C10 - C 16 less Naphthalene


(F2)

mg/kg

<50

<50

<50

<50

TRH >C16-C 34

mg/kg

<100

<100

<100

<100

TRH >C34-C 40

mg/kg

<100

<100

<100

<100

87

86

88

86

Surrogate o-Terphenyl

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 3 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

PAHs in Soil
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

Naphthalene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Acenaphthylene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Acenaphthene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Fluorene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Phenanthrene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.3

1.1

0.6

Anthracene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

0.2

0.1

Fluoranthene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.5

2.2

1.3

Pyrene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.5

2.0

1.2

Benzo(a)anthracene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.2

0.7

0.4

Chrysene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.2

0.7

0.4

Benzo(b+k)fluoranthene

mg/kg

<0.2

0.4

1.4

0.9

Benzo(a)pyrene

mg/kg

<0.05

0.24

0.92

0.60

Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.2

0.6

0.4

Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Benzo(g,h,i)perylene

mg/kg

<0.1

0.2

0.7

0.5

Benzo(a)pyrene TEQ NEPM B1

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

Total +ve PAH's

mg/kg

NIL (+)VE

2.6

10

6.4

Surrogate p-Terphenyl-d14

107

104

106

106

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 4 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Organochlorine Pesticides in soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

HCB

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

alpha-BHC

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

gamma-BHC

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

beta-BHC

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Heptachlor

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

delta-BHC

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Aldrin

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Heptachlor Epoxide

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

gamma-Chlordane

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

alpha-chlordane

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Endosulfan I

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

pp-DDE

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Dieldrin

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Endrin

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

pp-DDD

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Endosulfan II

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

pp-DDT

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Endrin Aldehyde

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Endosulfan Sulphate

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Methoxychlor

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Surrogate TCMX

80

79

80

80

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 5 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Organophosphorus Pesticides
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

Diazinon

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Dimethoate

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Chlorpyriphos-methyl

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Ronnel

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Chlorpyriphos

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Fenitrothion

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Bromophos-ethyl

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Ethion

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Surrogate TCMX

80

79

80

80

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 6 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

PCBs in Soil
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

18/12/2013

Arochlor 1016

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1221

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1232

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1242

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1248

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1254

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Arochlor 1260

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Surrogate TCLMX

80

79

80

80

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 7 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Acid Extractable metals in soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date digested

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Arsenic

mg/kg

Cadmium

mg/kg

<0.4

<0.4

<0.4

<0.4

Chromium

mg/kg

23

25

21

19

Copper

mg/kg

21

23

22

20

Lead

mg/kg

20

32

89

40

Mercury

mg/kg

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

0.2

Nickel

mg/kg

17

20

17

14

Zinc

mg/kg

65

91

84

71

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 8 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Moisture
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date prepared

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

17/12/2013

Moisture

20

23

17

13

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 9 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Asbestos ID - soils
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-9

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p03-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date analysed

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

Sample mass tested

Approx 40g

Approx 40g

Approx 40g

Approx 40g

Sample Description

Dark brown
fine-grained
soil & rocks

Dark brown
fine-grained
soil & rocks

Dark brown
fine-grained
soil & rocks

Dark brown
fine-grained
soil & rocks

Asbestos ID in soil

No asbestos
detected at
reporting limit
of 0.1g/kg

No asbestos
detected at
reporting limit
of 0.1g/kg

No asbestos
detected at
reporting limit
of 0.1g/kg

No asbestos
detected at
reporting limit
of 0.1g/kg

Trace Analysis

No respirable
fibres
detected

No respirable
fibres
detected

No respirable
fibres
detected

No respirable
fibres
detected

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 10 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Miscellaneous Inorg - soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-1

102456-4

102456-8

102456-12

102456-16

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_b
h01-001

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p04-004

137622029_b
h01-006

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.95

0.3

0.5

0.2

5.5-5.95

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date prepared

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

Date analysed

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

19/12/2013

pH 1:5 soil:water

pH Units

5.2

5.2

5.7

6.0

7.1

Electrical Conductivity 1:5 soil:water

S/cm

140

[NA]

[NA]

[NA]

180

Chloride, Cl 1:5 soil:water

mg/kg

<10

[NA]

[NA]

[NA]

29

Sulphate, SO4 1:5 soil:water

mg/kg

190

[NA]

[NA]

[NA]

180

Clay in soils <2um

% (w/w)

[NA]

32

32

22

[NA]

Miscellaneous Inorg - soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-17

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_b
h01-013

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

16-16.45
10/12/2013
Soil

Date prepared

19/12/2013

Date analysed

19/12/2013

pH 1:5 soil:water

pH Units

8.4

Electrical Conductivity 1:5 soil:water

S/cm

3,800

Chloride, Cl 1:5 soil:water

mg/kg

5,500

Sulphate, SO4 1:5 soil:water

mg/kg

210

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 11 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

ESP/CEC
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Exchangeable Ca

meq/100g

8.9

11

9.7

Exchangeable K

meq/100g

0.7

0.5

0.4

Exchangeable Mg

meq/100g

5.0

4.5

3.0

Exchangeable Na

meq/100g

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Cation Exchange Capacity

meq/100g

15

16

13

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 12 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

sPOCAS field test


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-2

102456-5

102456-6

102456-7

102456-10

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_b
h01-002

137622029_t
p01-002

137622029_t
p02-001

137622029_t
p02-002

137622029_t
p03-001

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.5

0.5

0.3

0.5

0.3

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

pHF (field pH test)*

pH Units

5.3

5.4

5.6

5.6

5.8

pHFOX (field peroxide test)*

pH Units

2.9

3.3

2.9

2.7

3.0

Reaction Rate*

High

High

High

High

High

sPOCAS field test


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-11

102456-13

102456-15

102456-16

102456-17

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p03-002

137622029_t
p04-001

137622029_b
h01-004

137622029_b
h01-006

137622029_b
h01-013

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.5

0.3

2.5-2.9

5.5-5.95

16-16.45

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

10/12/2013
Soil

pHF (field pH test)*

pH Units

5.9

6.4

6.3

6.7

7.8

pHFOX (field peroxide test)*

pH Units

3.0

6.3

2.9

2.1

2.3

Reaction Rate*

High

Vigorous

High

High

Moderate

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 13 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Phenoxy Acid Herbicides in Soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Date extracted

20/12/2013

20/12/2013

20/12/2013

Date analysed

21/12/2013

21/12/2013

21/12/2013

Clopyralid

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

o-chlorophenoxy acetic acid

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

4-CPA

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Dicamba

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

MCPP

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

MCPA

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Dichlorprop

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,4-D

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Bromoxynil

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Triclopyr

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,4,5-TP

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,4,5-T

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

MCPB

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Dinoseb

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,4-DB

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Ioxynil

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Picloram

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

DCPA (Chlorthal) Diacid

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Acifluorfen

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,4,6-T

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2,6-D

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

2.4- DCPA

100

100

100

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 14 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Trazine Herbicides in Soil


Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-4

102456-8

102456-12

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p01-003

137622029_t
p02-004

137622029_t
p04-004

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample

0.3

0.5

0.2

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

Atrazine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Ametryn

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Cyanazine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Hexazinone

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Irgarol

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Metribuzine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Propazine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Prometryn

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Simazine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Terbutylazine

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Terbutryn

mg/kg

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 15 of 23

Client Reference:
Method ID

137622029, Lawrence

Methodology Summary

Org-016

Soil samples are extracted with methanol and spiked into water prior to analysing by purge and trap GC-MS.
Water samples are analysed directly by purge and trap GC-MS. F1 = (C6-C10)-BTEX as per NEPM B1
Guideline on Investigation Levels for Soil and Groundwater.

Org-014

Soil samples are extracted with methanol and spiked into water prior to analysing by purge and trap GC-MS.

Org-003

Soil samples are extracted with Dichloromethane/Acetone and waters with Dichloromethane and analysed by
GC-FID.
F2 = (>C10-C16)-Naphthalene as per NEPM B1 Guideline on Investigation Levels for Soil and Groundwater.
Note Naphthalene is determined from the VOC analysis.

Org-012 subset

Soil samples are extracted with Dichloromethane/Acetone and waters with Dichloromethane and analysed by
GC-MS. Benzo(a)pyrene TEQ as per NEPM B1 Guideline on Investigation Levels for Soil and Groundwater 2013.

Org-005

Soil samples are extracted with dichloromethane/acetone and waters with dichloromethane and analysed by
GC with dual ECD's.

Org-008

Soil samples are extracted with dichloromethane/acetone and waters with dichloromethane and analysed by
GC with dual ECD's.

Org-006

Soil samples are extracted with dichloromethane/acetone and waters with dichloromethane and analysed by
GC-ECD.

Metals-020 ICPAES

Determination of various metals by ICP-AES.

Metals-021 CVAAS

Determination of Mercury by Cold Vapour AAS.

Inorg-008

Moisture content determined by heating at 105+/-5 deg C for a minimum of 12 hours.

ASB-001

Asbestos ID - Qualitative identification of asbestos in bulk samples using Polarised Light Microscopy and
Dispersion Staining Techniques including Synthetic Mineral Fibre and Organic Fibre as per Australian Standard
4964-2004.

Inorg-001

pH - Measured using pH meter and electrode in accordance with APHA 22nd ED, 4500-H+.

Inorg-002

Conductivity and Salinity - measured using a conductivity cell and dedicated meter, in accordance with APHA
22nd ED 2510 and Rayment & Lyons.

Inorg-081

Anions - a range of Anions are determined by Ion Chromatography, in accordance with APHA 22nd ED, 4110
-B.

AS1289.3.6.3

Determination Particle Size Analysis using AS1289.3.6.3 and AS1289.3.6.1 and in house method INORG-107.
Clay fraction at <2um reported.

Metals-009

Determination of exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity in soil based on Rayment and Lyons
2011.

Inorg-063

pH- measured using pH meter and electrode. Soil is oxidised with Hydrogen Peroxide or extracted with water.
Based on section H, Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines, Version 2.1 - June 2004. To ensure
accurate results these tests are recommended to be done in the field as pH may change with time thus these
results may not be representative of true field conditions.

Ext-054

Analysed by MPL Envirolab

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 16 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

vTRH(C6-C10)/BTEXN in
Soil

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

17/12/2013

TRHC 6 - C 9

mg/kg

25

Org-016

<25

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

101%

TRHC 6 - C 10

mg/kg

25

Org-016

<25

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

101%

Benzene

mg/kg

0.2

Org-016

<0.2

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

107%

Toluene

mg/kg

0.5

Org-016

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

98%

Ethylbenzene

mg/kg

Org-016

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

96%

m+p-xylene

mg/kg

Org-016

<2

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

101%

o-Xylene

mg/kg

Org-016

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

99%

naphthalene

mg/kg

Org-014

<1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Surrogate aaaTrifluorotoluene

Org-016

108

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

97%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

svTRH (C10-C40) in Soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

17/12/2013

TRHC 10 - C 14

mg/kg

50

Org-003

<50

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

78%

TRHC 15 - C 28

mg/kg

100

Org-003

<100

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

71%

TRHC 29 - C 36

mg/kg

100

Org-003

<100

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

86%

TRH >C10-C 16

mg/kg

50

Org-003

<50

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

78%

TRH >C16-C 34

mg/kg

100

Org-003

<100

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

71%

TRH >C34-C 40

mg/kg

100

Org-003

<100

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

86%

Org-003

89

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

113%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Surrogate o-Terphenyl

QUALITY CONTROL

%
UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

PAHs in Soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

17/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

17/12/2013

Naphthalene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

112%

Acenaphthylene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Acenaphthene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Fluorene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

115%

Phenanthrene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

112%

Anthracene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Fluoranthene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

110%

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 17 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

PAHs in Soil

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Pyrene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

118%

Benzo(a)anthracene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Chrysene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

108%

Benzo(b+k)fluoranthene

mg/kg

0.2

Org-012
subset

<0.2

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Benzo(a)pyrene

mg/kg

0.05

Org-012
subset

<0.05

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

122%

Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Benzo(g,h,i)perylene

mg/kg

0.1

Org-012
subset

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Surrogate p-Terphenyld14

Org-012
subset

108

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

117%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Organochlorine
Pesticides in soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

18/12/2013

HCB

mg/kg

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

0.1

alpha-BHC

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

81%

gamma-BHC

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

beta-BHC

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

93%

Heptachlor

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

84%

delta-BHC

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Aldrin

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

85%

Heptachlor Epoxide

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

89%

gamma-Chlordane

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

alpha-chlordane

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Endosulfan I

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

pp-DDE

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

94%

Dieldrin

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

89%

Endrin

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

85%

pp-DDD

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

101%

Endosulfan II

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

pp-DDT

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Endrin Aldehyde

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Endosulfan Sulphate

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

83%

Methoxychlor

mg/kg

0.1

Org-005

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Surrogate TCMX

Org-005

85

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

79%

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 18 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Organophosphorus
Pesticides

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

18/12/2013

Diazinon

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Dimethoate

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Chlorpyriphos-methyl

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Ronnel

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Chlorpyriphos

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

96%

Fenitrothion

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

95%

Bromophos-ethyl

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Ethion

mg/kg

0.1

Org-008

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

100%

Surrogate TCMX

Org-008

85

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

82%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

PCBs in Soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

18/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

18/12/2013

Arochlor 1016

mg/kg

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

0.1

Org-006

Arochlor 1221

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Arochlor 1232

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Arochlor 1242

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Arochlor 1248

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Arochlor 1254

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

73%

Arochlor 1260

mg/kg

0.1

Org-006

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Surrogate TCLMX

Org-006

85

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

78%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Acid Extractable metals


in soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date digested

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Date analysed

16/12/2
013

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

16/12/2013

Arsenic

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<4

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

102%

Cadmium

mg/kg

0.4

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<0.4

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

109%

Chromium

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

107%

Copper

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

109%

Lead

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

103%

Mercury

mg/kg

0.1

Metals-021
CV-AAS

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

86%

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 19 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Acid Extractable metals


in soil

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Nickel

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

107%

Zinc

mg/kg

Metals-020
ICP-AES

<1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

105%

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Moisture
Date prepared

[NT]

Date analysed

[NT]

Moisture
QUALITY CONTROL

%
UNITS

0.1
PQL

Inorg-008
METHOD

[NT]
Blank

Asbestos ID - soils
Date analysed

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

[NT]
PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Miscellaneous Inorg - soil

Duplicate results
Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date prepared

19/12/2
013

102456-1

19/12/2013 || 19/12/2013

LCS-1

19/12/2013

Date analysed

19/12/2
013

102456-1

19/12/2013 || 19/12/2013

LCS-1

19/12/2013

pH 1:5 soil:water

pH Units

Inorg-001

[NT]

102456-1

5.2 || 5.2 || RPD: 0

LCS-1

101%

Electrical Conductivity
1:5 soil:water

S/cm

Inorg-002

<1

102456-1

140 || 140 || RPD: 0

LCS-1

99%

Chloride, Cl 1:5
soil:water

mg/kg

10

Inorg-081

<10

102456-1

<10 || <10

LCS-1

101%

Sulphate, SO4 1:5


soil:water

mg/kg

10

Inorg-081

<10

102456-1

190 || 190 || RPD: 0

LCS-1

117%

Clay in soils <2um

%
(w/w)

AS1289.3.6
.3

[NT]

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

ESP/CEC

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Exchangeable Ca

meq/100
g

0.1

Metals-009

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

106%

Exchangeable K

meq/100
g

0.1

Metals-009

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

119%

Exchangeable Mg

meq/100
g

0.1

Metals-009

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

102%

Exchangeable Na

meq/100
g

0.1

Metals-009

<0.1

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

107%

Cation Exchange
Capacity

meq/100
g

Metals-009

<1.0

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 20 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

sPOCAS field test

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

pHF (field pH test)*

pH Units

Inorg-063

[NT]

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

98%

pHFOX (field peroxide


test)*

pH Units

Inorg-063

[NT]

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Phenoxy Acid Herbicides


in Soil

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date extracted

20/12/2
013

102456-4

20/12/2013 || 20/12/2013

LCS-1

20/12/2013

Date analysed

21/12/2
013

102456-4

21/12/2013 || 21/12/2013

LCS-1

21/12/2013

Clopyralid

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

o-chlorophenoxy acetic
acid

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

4-CPA

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Dicamba

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

LCS-1

106%

MCPP

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

LCS-1

103%

MCPA

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

LCS-1

89%

Dichlorprop

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,4-D

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

LCS-1

87%

Bromoxynil

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Triclopyr

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,5-TP

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,5-T

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

LCS-1

102%

MCPB

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Dinoseb

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,4-DB

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Ioxynil

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Picloram

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

DCPA (Chlorthal) Diacid

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

Acifluorfen

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,6-T

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2,6-D

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

102456-4

<0.5 || <0.5

[NR]

[NR]

2.4- DCPA

60

Ext-054

98

102456-4

100 || 100 || RPD: 0

LCS-1

102%

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 21 of 23

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Trazine Herbicides in Soil

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Atrazine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

104%

Ametryn

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Cyanazine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Hexazinone

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Irgarol

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Metribuzine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Propazine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

102%

Prometryn

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

107%

Simazine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Terbutylazine

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Terbutryn

mg/kg

0.5

Ext-054

<0.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

Dup. Sm#

Phenoxy Acid Herbicides in


Soil

Duplicate

Spike Sm#

Spike % Recovery

Base + Duplicate + %RPD

Date extracted

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

20/12/2013

Date analysed

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

21/12/2013

Clopyralid

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

o-chlorophenoxy acetic
acid

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

4-CPA

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Dicamba

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

97%

MCPP

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

98%

MCPA

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

84%

Dichlorprop

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,4-D

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

79%

Bromoxynil

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Triclopyr

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,5-TP

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,5-T

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

99%

MCPB

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Dinoseb

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,4-DB

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Ioxynil

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Picloram

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

DCPA (Chlorthal) Diacid

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Acifluorfen

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,4,6-T

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2,6-D

mg/kg

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

2.4- DCPA

[NT]

[NT]

102456-8

100%

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 22 of 23

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Report Comments:
Asbestos: A portion of the supplied sample was sub-sampled for asbestos analysis according to Envirolab procedures.
We cannot guarantee that this sub-sample is indicative of the entire sample. Envirolab recommends supplying
40-50g of sample in its own container.
Acid Herbicides & Triazine Herbicides analysed by MPL Laboratories. Report No.144480.
Asbestos ID was analysed by Approved Identifier:
Asbestos ID was authorised by Approved Signatory:

INS: Insufficient sample for this test


NA: Test not required
<: Less than

Alex Tam
Paul Ching

PQL: Practical Quantitation Limit


RPD: Relative Percent Difference
>: Greater than

NT: Not tested


NA: Test not required
LCS: Laboratory Control Sample

Quality Control Definitions


Blank: This is the component of the analytical signal which is not derived from the sample but from reagents,
glassware etc, can be determined by processing solvents and reagents in exactly the same manner as for samples.
Duplicate : This is the complete duplicate analysis of a sample from the process batch. If possible, the sample
selected should be one where the analyte concentration is easily measurable.
Matrix Spike : A portion of the sample is spiked with a known concentration of target analyte. The purpose of the matrix
spike is to monitor the performance of the analytical method used and to determine whether matrix interferences exist.
LCS (Laboratory Control Sample) : This comprises either a standard reference material or a control matrix (such as a blank
sand or water) fortified with analytes representative of the analyte class. It is simply a check sample.
Surrogate Spike: Surrogates are known additions to each sample, blank, matrix spike and LCS in a batch, of compounds
which are similar to the analyte of interest, however are not expected to be found in real samples.
Laboratory Acceptance Criteria
Duplicate sample and matrix spike recoveries may not be reported on smaller jobs, however, were analysed at a frequency
to meet or exceed NEPM requirements. All samples are tested in batches of 20. The duplicate sample RPD and matrix
spike recoveries for the batch were within the laboratory acceptance criteria.
Filters, swabs, wipes, tubes and badges will not have duplicate data as the whole sample is
generally extracted during sample extraction.
Spikes for Physical and Aggregate Tests are not applicable.
For VOCs in water samples, three vials are required for duplicate or spike analysis.
Duplicates: <5xPQL - any RPD is acceptable; >5xPQL - 0-50% RPD is acceptable.
Matrix Spikes, LCS and Surrogate recoveries: Generally 70-130% for inorganics/metals; 60-140%
for organics and 10-140% for SVOC and speciated phenols is acceptable.
In circumstances where no duplicate and/or sample spike has been
reported at 1 in 10 and/or 1 in 20 samples respectively, the sample
volume submitted was insufficient in order to satisfy
laboratory QA/QC protocols.
When samples are received where certain analytes are outside of
recommended technical holding times (THTs), the analysis has
proceeded. Where analytes are on the verge of breaching THTs,
every effort will be made to analyse within the THT or as
soon as practicable.

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456
R 00

Page 23 of 23

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS

102456-A

Client:
Golder Associates Pty Ltd
124 Pacific Highway
St Leonards
NSW 2065
Attention:

Matthew Martin

Sample log in details:


Your Reference:
No. of samples:
Date samples received / completed instructions received

137622029, Lawrence
Additional testing on 3 soils
11-13/12/2013
/ 13/01/14

Analysis Details:
Please refer to the following pages for results, methodology summary and quality control data.
Samples were analysed as received from the client. Results relate specifically to the samples as received.
Results are reported on a dry weight basis for solids and on an as received basis for other matrices.
Please refer to the last page of this report for any comments relating to the results.
Report Details:
Date results requested by: / Issue Date:
16/01/14
/
16/01/14
Date of Preliminary Report:
None Issued
NATA accreditation number 2901. This document shall not be reproduced except in full.
Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025.
Tests not covered by NATA are denoted with *.
Results Approved By:

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 1 of 7

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

sPOCAS
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-A-6

102456-A-15

102456-A-16

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p02-001

137622029_b
h01-004

137622029_b
h01-006

Depth

------------

0.3

2.5-2.9

5.5-5.95

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

14/01/2014

14/01/2014

14/01/2014

Date analysed

14/01/2014

14/01/2014

14/01/2014

pH kcl

pH units

4.8

4.4

5.9

Date Sampled
Type of sample
Date prepared

TAA pH 6.5

moles H /t

22

50

<5

s-TAA pH 6.5

%w/w S

0.04

0.08

<0.01

pH Ox

pH units

3.2

3.2

2.4

260

400

TPA pH 6.5

moles H /t

90

s-TPA pH 6.5

%w/w S

0.14

0.41

0.64

67

210

400

TSA pH 6.5

moles H /t

s-TSA pH 6.5

%w/w S

0.11

0.33

0.64

<0.05

<0.05

ANCE

% CaCO3

<0.05

a-ANCE

moles H+/t

<5

<5

<5

s-ANCE

%w/w S

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

SKCl

%w/w S

<0.005

0.04

0.04

SP

%w/w

0.03

0.25

0.82

SPOS

%w/w

0.03

0.21

0.78

a-SPOS

moles H /t

18

130

490

CaKCl

%w/w

0.17

0.15

0.09

CaP

%w/w

0.18

0.16

0.10

CaA

%w/w

0.010

0.008

0.009

MgKCl

%w/w

0.056

0.099

0.093

MgP

%w/w

0.064

0.12

0.11

MgA

%w/w

0.008

0.017

0.015

SHCl

%w/w S

[NT]

0.057

[NT]

SNAS

%w/w S

[NT]

0.017

[NT]

a-SNAS

moles H /t

[NT]

[NT]

s-SNAS

%w/w S

[NT]

0.01

[NT]

Fineness Factor

1.5

1.5

1.5

a-Net Acidity

moles H /t

41

190

490

Liming rate

kg
CaCO 3/t

3.0

14

37

a-Net Acidity without ANCE

moles H+/t

NA

NA

NA

Liming rate without ANCE

kg
CaCO 3/t

NA

NA

NA

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 2 of 7

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Chromium Suite
Our Reference:

UNITS

102456-A-6

102456-A-15

102456-A-16

Your Reference

-------------

137622029_t
p02-001

137622029_b
h01-004

137622029_b
h01-006

Depth

------------

Date Sampled
Type of sample
Chromium Reducible Sulfur
a-Chromium Reducible Sulfur

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

%w/w
+

moles H /t

102456-A
R 00

0.3

2.5-2.9

5.5-5.95

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

9/12/2013
Soil

<0.005

0.11

0.42

<3

66

270

Page 3 of 7

Client Reference:
Method ID

137622029, Lawrence

Methodology Summary

Inorg-064

sPOCAS determined using titrimetric and ICP-AES techniques. Based on Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory
Methods Guidelines, Version 2.1 - June 2004.

Inorg-068

Chromium Reducible Sulfur - Hydrogen Sulfide is quantified by iodometric titration after distillation to determine
potential acidity. Based on Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines, Version 2.1 - June 2004.

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 4 of 7

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

sPOCAS

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Date prepared

14/01/2
014

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

14/01/2014

Date analysed

14/01/2
014

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

14/01/2014

pH kcl

pH units

Inorg-064

[NT]

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

93%

TAA pH 6.5

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

129%

s-TAA pH 6.5

%w/w
S

0.01

Inorg-064

<0.01

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

pH Ox

pH units

Inorg-064

[NT]

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

98%

TPA pH 6.5

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

93%

s-TPA pH 6.5

%w/w
S

0.01

Inorg-064

<0.01

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

TSA pH 6.5

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

91%

s-TSA pH 6.5

%w/w
S

0.01

Inorg-064

<0.01

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

ANCE

%
CaCO 3

0.05

Inorg-064

<0.05

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

98%

a-ANCE

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

91%

s-ANCE

%w/w
S

0.05

Inorg-064

<0.05

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

90%

SKCl

%w/w
S

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

90%

SP

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

96%

SPOS

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

a-SPOS

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

CaKCl

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

96%

CaP

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

CaA

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

MgKCl

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

MgP

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

MgA

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

SHCl

%w/w
S

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

SNAS

%w/w
S

0.005

Inorg-064

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

a-SNAS

moles
H+/t

Inorg-064

<5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

s-SNAS

%w/w
S

0.01

Inorg-064

<0.01

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Fineness Factor

1.5

Inorg-064

<1.5

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

a-Net Acidity

moles
H+/t

10

Inorg-064

<10

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

91%

Liming rate

kg
CaCO 3

0.75

Inorg-064

<0.75

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

91%

/t

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 5 of 7

Client Reference:
QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

137622029, Lawrence

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

sPOCAS

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

a-Net Acidity without


ANCE

moles
H+/t

10

Inorg-064

<10

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Liming rate without ANCE

kg
CaCO 3

0.75

Inorg-064

<0.75

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

/t

QUALITY CONTROL

UNITS

PQL

METHOD

Blank

Duplicate
Sm#

Chromium Suite

Duplicate results

Spike Sm#

Spike %
Recovery

Base ll Duplicate ll %RPD

Chromium Reducible
Sulfur

%w/w

0.005

Inorg-068

<0.005

[NT]

[NT]

LCS-1

91%

a-Chromium Reducible
Sulfur

moles
H+/t

Inorg-068

<3

[NT]

[NT]

[NR]

[NR]

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 6 of 7

Client Reference:

137622029, Lawrence

Report Comments:

Asbestos ID was analysed by Approved Identifier:


Asbestos ID was authorised by Approved Signatory:

INS: Insufficient sample for this test


NA: Test not required
<: Less than

Not applicable for this job


Not applicable for this job

PQL: Practical Quantitation Limit


RPD: Relative Percent Difference
>: Greater than

NT: Not tested


NA: Test not required
LCS: Laboratory Control Sample

Quality Control Definitions


Blank: This is the component of the analytical signal which is not derived from the sample but from reagents,
glassware etc, can be determined by processing solvents and reagents in exactly the same manner as for samples.
Duplicate : This is the complete duplicate analysis of a sample from the process batch. If possible, the sample
selected should be one where the analyte concentration is easily measurable.
Matrix Spike : A portion of the sample is spiked with a known concentration of target analyte. The purpose of the matrix
spike is to monitor the performance of the analytical method used and to determine whether matrix interferences exist.
LCS (Laboratory Control Sample) : This comprises either a standard reference material or a control matrix (such as a blank
sand or water) fortified with analytes representative of the analyte class. It is simply a check sample.
Surrogate Spike: Surrogates are known additions to each sample, blank, matrix spike and LCS in a batch, of compounds
which are similar to the analyte of interest, however are not expected to be found in real samples.
Laboratory Acceptance Criteria
Duplicate sample and matrix spike recoveries may not be reported on smaller jobs, however, were analysed at a frequency
to meet or exceed NEPM requirements. All samples are tested in batches of 20. The duplicate sample RPD and matrix
spike recoveries for the batch were within the laboratory acceptance criteria.
Filters, swabs, wipes, tubes and badges will not have duplicate data as the whole sample is
generally extracted during sample extraction.
Spikes for Physical and Aggregate Tests are not applicable.
For VOCs in water samples, three vials are required for duplicate or spike analysis.
Duplicates: <5xPQL - any RPD is acceptable; >5xPQL - 0-50% RPD is acceptable.
Matrix Spikes, LCS and Surrogate recoveries: Generally 70-130% for inorganics/metals; 60-140%
for organics and 10-140% for SVOC and speciated phenols is acceptable.
In circumstances where no duplicate and/or sample spike has been
reported at 1 in 10 and/or 1 in 20 samples respectively, the sample
volume submitted was insufficient in order to satisfy
laboratory QA/QC protocols.
When samples are received where certain analytes are outside of
recommended technical holding times (THTs), the analysis has
proceeded. Where analytes are on the verge of breaching THTs,
every effort will be made to analyse within the THT or as
soon as practicable.

Envirolab Reference:
Revision No:

102456-A
R 00

Page 7 of 7

SPORTSMANS CREEK NEW BRIDGE GEOTECHNICAL


INVESTIGATION REPORT

APPENDIX G
Relevant Extracts from Previous Investigations and Reports

24 March 2014
Report No. 137622029-005-R-Rev1

Golder Associates Pty Ltd


124 Pacific Highway
St. Leonards, New South Wales 2065
Australia
T: +61 2 9478 3900

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