Professional Documents
Culture Documents
November 2007
Prepared by B. Brthes
www.cryostar.com
Content
1. Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Piston pumps
2. Expanders (turbines)
Types, applications and duties
Internal components
Auxiliary and control systems
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Single-staged pumps
MCP
LIN, LOX, LAR, LCH4
Up to 36 bars
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Single-staged pumps: Performance curves (MCP190)
82,5
80
0,95
77,5
0,9
75
0,85
72,5
70
57,5
0,6
55
0,55
52,5
0,5
50
47,5
0,45
45
0,4
42,5
0,35
40
0,3
37,5
35
0,25
32,5
0,2
30
27,5
25
700
40
37,5
35
32,5
30
27,5
25
22,5
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
Flow (l/mn)
0,15
Flow (l/min)
0,1
2000
Flow (l/mn)
NPSHr
(m)
NPSHr (m)
Head (m)
Head (m)
0,65
60
0,7
62,5
Efficiency
0,75
65
Efficiency
Power (kW)
0,8
67,5
1,5
1,35
1,2
1,05
0,9
0,75
0,6
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
(l/mn)
FlowFlow
(l/min)
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Multi-staged pumps
New VP330
High flows for large ASUs
VP
LIN, LOX
2-12 stages
2-5 stages
Up to 80 bars
2000 to 4500 l/min
5
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Multi-staged pumps: Labyrinth seals or dry gas seals (single or dual)
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Multi-staged pumps: dry gas seals
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Multi-staged pumps: dual gas seals for methane applications
N2 0.18 Nm3/h
Suction pressure
+2.5 bars
Process pumps
Centrifugal pumps
Installation selected guidelines
Suction line to be correctly sized to avoid too high pressure drop
Suction line to be insulated to avoid cold losses
Suction line to be designed to avoid gas pockets
NPSHa>NPSHr
Discharge line to be equipped with safety valve
Discharge line to be correctly sized for low pressure drop
N2 purge recommended to avoid humidity going to seals (stand-by)
Flexibles to be sized correctly to avoid resonances
Inlet strainers to be compatible with O2 for LOX pumps
Forces and moments at flanges to be minimised
9
Process pumps
Piston pumps
Linde KPL pump
Mounted on skid
10
Process pumps
Piston pumps
Linde KPL pump
Enhanced cylindre insulation
Large range of capacities, up to 30 000 l/h
Low speeds ( from 60 to 335 U/min)
Low NPSHr
Continuous operation ( 4 000 to 8 000 h)
Design pressures
11
Process pumps
Piston pumps
Linde KPL pump
types
Nb of cold ends
22/80
single
triple
36/80
50/80
80/150
single
120/165
bar g
340
915
2,750
single
1,770
triple
5,310
single
4,535
single
380
1,020
triple
triple
100/150
Lit/ Hour
420
215
60
13,610
7,090
triple
21,270
single
10,210
triple
30,625
35
32
12
Expanders
Expanders
Isentropic efficiency
U/Co
14
Expanders
Main characteristics
Liquid turbines
15
Expanders
Efficiency:85%
Power: 1.2 MW
16
Expanders
Oil-lubricated turbine-compressor
2 stages MTC
6 MW
1 MW
Ethylene plant
17
Expanders
Expanders
19
Expanders
20
Expanders
Internal components
Typical cross-section
21
Expanders
Internal components
Variable inlet nozzles
22
Expanders
23
Expanders
Internal components
Hydrodynamic oil bearings
Expanders
Electromagnets
Electromagnetic
forces
Clearance
= 0.5 mm
Rotor
laminations
F
25
Expanders
A type
AS type
Seal Gas inlet
Seal Gas
recovery
Reference
pressure
Tip pressure
26
Expanders
27
Expanders
28
Single-staged compressor
Double-staged compressor
29
30
32
33
34
Pressure
equalizing
line
Purge
N2
Drain
Drain Pot
Drain vers
tanks
36
37
38