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GAS LAWS

"Boyle's Law":
Boyles Law describes the inverse proportional relationship between pressure
and volume at a constant temperature and a fixed amount of gas.
" (P1)(V2) = (P2)(V2) = (P3)(V3) = constant "

Problem #1: 5.00 L of a gas is at 1.08 atm. What pressure is obtained when
the volume is 10.0 L?
Problem #2: 2.00 L of a gas is at 740.0 mmHg pressure. What is its volume
at standard pressure?
Problem #3: 2.50 L of a gas was at an unknown pressure. However, at
standard pressure, its volume was measured to be 8.00 L. What was the
unknown pressure?

"Charles's Law":
Charles's Law describes the directly proportional relationship between the
volume and temperature (in Kelvin or Rankine) of a fixed amount of gas,
when the pressure is held constant.

Problem #1: 4.40 L of a gas is collected at 50.0 C. What will be its volume
upon cooling to 25.0 C?
Problem #2: 5.00 L of a gas is collected at 100 K and then allowed to
expand to 20.0 L. What must the new temperature be in order to maintain
the same pressure (as required by Charles' Law)?
Problem #3: A 2.5 liter sample of gas is at STP. When the temperature is
raised to 273 C and the pressure remains constant, what is the new
volume?

"Amontons's Law":
Given a constant number of mole of a gas and an unchanged volume,
pressure is directly proportional to temperature.

Problem #1: 10.0 L of a gas is found to exert 97.0 kPa at 25.0C. What
would be the required temperature (in Celsius) to change the pressure to
standard pressure?
Problem #2: 5.00 L of a gas is collected at 22.0C and 745.0 mmHg. When
the temperature is changed to standard, what is the new pressure?

"Avogadro's Law":
Volume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas at a constant
temperature and pressure.
V1
m1

V2
m2

, (V1)(m2) = (V2)(m1)

Problem #1: 5.00 L of a gas is known to contain 0.965 mol. If the amount of
gas is increased to 1.80 mol, what new volume will result (at an unchanged
temperature and pressure)?

"Combined Gas Law":


Combining Boyle's, Charles's and Amontons's Law.
P1 V 1
T1

P2 V 2
T2

Problem #1: 2.00 L of a gas is collected at 25.0 C and 745.0 mmHg. What
is the volume at STP?
Problem #2: The pressure of 8.40 L of nitrogen gas in a flexible container is
decreased to one-half its original pressure, and its absolute temperature is
increased to double the original temperature. What is the new volume?
"Ideal Gas Law":
Combination of all Gas Laws.

PV = mRT
where:
P = Pressure
V = Volume
m = mass
T = Absolute Temperature
R = Specific Gas Constant or Simply Gas Constant ( values below)

For air:

53.342

ft .lb f
lb m . R

287.08

N .m
kg . K

English
Unit

Lb/ft2

Ft3

lb

ft . lb f
lb m . R

SI Unit

N/m2

m3

kg

N .m
kg . K

Problem #1: For a certain Ideal Gas of R=0.277 KJ/kg.k. What mass of this
gas would occupy a volume of 0.425 m3 at 577.11 KPa and 26.7C ?

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