CDP Madurai

City Development Plan
Madurai Corporation
FINAL REPORT
JUNE 2006
Abbreviations and Acronyms

BOT
BPL
BT
CAA
CAGR
CC
CDP
CMA
CMDA
CMWSSB
CPHEEO
CSC
CUA
DIC
DPR
DWCUA
ELSR
FOP
FY
gm
GoI
GoTN
gpcd
GLSR
ISP
Ha
HH
HSC
kg
LCS
Lit
LL
LPA
lpcd
m
ML
MLD
MSW
MT
MTC
NGO
NH
Nos
NSDP
O&M
OHT
PSP
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Build, Operate and Transfer

Below Poverty Line
Bituminous
Constitution Amendment Act
Compounded Annual Growth Rate
Cement Concrete
City Development Plan
Chennai Metropolitan Area
Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority
Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board
Central Public Health Environmental Engineering Organization
Community Structure Component
Chennai Urban Agglomeration
District Industries Centre
Detailed Project Report
Development of Women and Children in Urban Areas
Elevated Storage Reservoir
Financial and Operating Plan
Financial Year
Grams
Government of India
Government of Tamil Nadu
Grams per Capita per Day
Ground Level Storage Reservoir
Integrated Sanitation Program
Hectares
Households
House Service Connection
Kilograms
Low Cost Sanitation
Liters
Lakh Liters
Local Planning Area
Liters Per Capita Per Day
Meters
Million Liters
Million Liters per Day
Municipal Solid Waste
Metric Ton
Metropolitan Transport Corporation
Non-Governmental Organizations
National Highway
Numbers
National Slum Development Program
Operation and Maintenance
Overhead Tanks
Public Stand Post
PWD
SDBC
SFC
SH
SI
SJSRY
SO
Sq. km
STP
SWM
TCS
TNEB
TNSCB
TNUIFSL
tpd
TWAD
UGD
ULB
USEP
UST
UWEP
VAMBAY
W
WBM
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Public Works Department

Semi-Dense Bituminous Concrete
Second Finance Commission
State Highway
Sanitary Inspector
Swarna Jayanti Shehari Rozgaar Yojna
Sanitary Officer
Square Kilometers
Sewage Treatment Plant
Solid Waste Management
Thrift & Credit Societies
Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board
Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited
Tons per Day
Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board
Underground Drainage
Urban Local Body
Urban Self Employment Program
Urban Skill Training
Urban Wage Employment Program
Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana
Watts
Water Bound Macadam
ii
Contents
I.
BACKGROUND...............................................................................................................1
A.
1.
2.
B.
1.
2.
C.
II.
Profile of Madurai................................................................................................................... 1
Objectives of the study ............................................................................................................ 1
Scope of Work ......................................................................................................................... 2
City Development Plan- The Approach.................................................................................. 2
City Development Plan-The Approach ................................................................................... 2
Source of Data ........................................................................................................................ 3
Report Structure ...................................................................................................................... 6
CITY DEMOGRAPHY................................................................................................7
A.
B.
C.
Geography and Climate .......................................................................................................... 7

Population Trends and Urbanization....................................................................................... 7
Economic Development........................................................................................................13
1. Sectoral Growth ....................................................................................................................13
2. Industrial Development.........................................................................................................13
D.
Socio-Economic Profile ........................................................................................................14
1. Employment...........................................................................................................................14
2. Income and Expenditure .......................................................................................................14
3. Land and Housing.................................................................................................................15
4. Social Capital........................................................................................................................15
5. Health....................................................................................................................................16
6. Education ..............................................................................................................................16
E. Growth Trends and Projections.................................................................................................16
III.
URBAN GOVERNANCE ..........................................................................................18
A.
1.
2.
B.
1.
2.
3.
C.
1.
2.
3.
IV.
Institutions and Capacity.......................................................................................................18

Institutional Arrangements and Policy Context....................................................................18
Service Delivery and Performance of ULB...........................................................................20
Organization Structure of Urban Local Body .......................................................................20
Executive Wing......................................................................................................................20
Administrative Wing..............................................................................................................20
Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building...............................................................22
Reforms Initiated by the Municipal Corporation ..................................................................23
Toll Road through Public Private Partnership.....................................................................24
Accrual Based Accounting System........................................................................................24
E-Governance .......................................................................................................................24
PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ...................................................30
A.
1.
2.
B.
1.
2.
3.
C.
V.
Planning Efforts in the Past...................................................................................................30

Master Plan Outline..............................................................................................................30
Master Plan Implementation and Implications.....................................................................30
Land Use Management .........................................................................................................31
Land Use Pattern Current and Future...............................................................................31
Development Patterns Growth Areas and Direction .........................................................34
Growth Constraints and Developmental Potentials .............................................................36
Key Developmental Issues....................................................................................................36
INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES ............................................................................38
A.
1.
Physical Infrastructure ..........................................................................................................38

Water Supply.........................................................................................................................38
iii
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Sewerage and Sanitation.......................................................................................................46

Storm Water Drainage and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies ..................................................54
Solid Waste Management......................................................................................................58
Transportation and Traffic Management..............................................................................66
Traffic and Transportation....................................................................................................68
Street Lighting.......................................................................................................................71
B.
Social Infrastructure..............................................................................................................72
1. Primary Health .....................................................................................................................72
2. Education ..............................................................................................................................74
1. Corporation Fund .................................................................................................................75
2. Financial Status ....................................................................................................................75
3. Revenue Account...................................................................................................................76
4. Water Supply and Drainage Account....................................................................................83
5. Capital Account ....................................................................................................................84
6. Assets and Liabilities ............................................................................................................86
7. Key Financial Indicators and Issues.....................................................................................86
A.
Overview...............................................................................................................................90
B.
Service Provision in Slums ...................................................................................................92
C.
Poverty Alleviation and Community Development..............................................................94
1. Policies, Targets and Programs............................................................................................94
2. Slum Improvement Schemes..................................................................................................94
Swarna Jayanti Shehari Rojgar Yojna (SJSRY)............................................................................94
National Slum Development Program (NSDP).............................................................................96
Tenement Scheme..........................................................................................................................96
VIII.
A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
IX.
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE PROVISION .........97

Rationale, Need and Demand................................................................................................97
Water Supply.........................................................................................................................98
Sewerage and Sanitation.....................................................................................................101
Drainage, Ponds and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies..........................................................105
Solid Waste Management....................................................................................................107
Roads and Traffic Management..........................................................................................112
Street Lighting.....................................................................................................................114
Basic Services for Poor.......................................................................................................115
Project Identification for Service Delivery .........................................................................117
Water Supply.......................................................................................................................117
Sewerage and Sanitation.....................................................................................................121
Drainage, Ponds and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies..........................................................123
Solid Waste Management....................................................................................................125
Roads and Traffic Management..........................................................................................128
Street Lighting.....................................................................................................................135
Urban Basic Services for Poor ...........................................................................................137
Other Municipal Projects....................................................................................................138
CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN & FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY ...........140
A.
B.
1.
2.
3.
Capital Investment Plan ......................................................................................................140

Financial Sustainability.......................................................................................................146
Financial Sustainability ......................................................................................................146
Basic Assumptions for Projections .....................................................................................146
Project Cash Flows and FOP Results.................................................................................155
iv
Appendices
Appendix 1a: Details of Water Supply Headworks .........................................................................159
Appendix 1 b: Details of Water Treatment Plant at Pannaipatty. ....................................................160
Appendix 1 c: Details of Booster Pumping Station. ........................................................................162
Appendix 1 d: Service Reservoirs and Distribution Zone ...............................................................163
Appendix - II Reform agenda of the ULB .......................................................................................164
Appendix - III Reform agenda of the State Government.................................................................169
Tables
Table 2.1: Population Growth in Madurai ...........................................................................................10
Table 2.2: Zonewise Details of Municipal Corporation.......................................................................11
Table 2.3: Summary of Density Pattern...............................................................................................11
Table 2.4: Occupational pattern ...........................................................................................................13
Table 2.5: Salient Features of Industrial Estates ..................................................................................14
Table 2.6: Details of Commercial Tax Collection. ..............................................................................15
Table 2.7: Growth in Houses and Households.....................................................................................15
Table 2.8: Basic Health Indicators, 2004 .............................................................................................16
Table 2.9: Population Projection..........................................................................................................17
Table 3.1: City Corporation staff details..............................................................................................22
Table 4.1: Existing Land use Pattern, 2001 .........................................................................................31
Table 4.2: Proposed Land use Pattern, 2021........................................................................................34
Table 5.1: Service Reservoirs and Distribution Zone ..........................................................................41
Table 5.2: Water Tariff-Deposit Details ..............................................................................................44
Table 5.3: Water Supply Indicators .....................................................................................................44
Table 5.4: Sewerage System Coverage................................................................................................46
Table 5.5: Sewerage System Overview ...............................................................................................46
Table 5.6: Sewage Farms .....................................................................................................................49
Table 5.7: Sewerage and Sanitation Indicators ....................................................................................49
Table 5.8: Salient Features of NRCP ...................................................................................................51
Table 5.9: Service Status Post UGD Project Implementation...........................................................53
Table 5.10: Service Adequacy - Post UGD Project Implementation...................................................53
Table 5.11: Proposed Tariff Structure..................................................................................................54
Table 5.12: Municipal Storm Water Drainage .....................................................................................54
Table 5.13: Details of Water Bodies ....................................................................................................57
Table 5.14: Sources of Solid Waste Generation ..................................................................................59
Table 5.15: Waste Characterization - Physical ....................................................................................59
Table 5.16: Waste Characterization - Chemical...................................................................................60
Table 5.17: Vehicle Fleet and Transportation Capacity.......................................................................62
Table 5.18: Rental Details of Hired Vehicles ......................................................................................63
Table 5.19: Staff Details of Health Department...................................................................................63
Table 5.20: Municipal Solid Waste Indicators.....................................................................................65
Table 5.21: Distribution of Roads in Madurai Corporation .................................................................66
Table 5.22: Municipal Roads Indicators ..............................................................................................67
Table 5.23: Composition of Streetlights ..............................................................................................72
Table 5.24: Municipal Street lights indicators .....................................................................................72
Table 6: Basic Health Indicators, 2004 ................................................................................................73
Table 5.25: Growth in Houses and Households...................................................................................74
Table 6.1: Summary of Corporation Fund ...........................................................................................76
Table 6.2: Sources of Revenue Income................................................................................................77
Table 6.3: Own Sources of Revenue Income.......................................................................................78
Table 6.4: Income from Assigned Revenue.........................................................................................79
Table 6.5: Income from Revenue Grants .............................................................................................80
Table 6.6: Sector wise Revenue Expenditure ......................................................................................81
Table 6.7: Sector wise Salary...............................................................................................................82
Table 6.8: Out standing Loan Statement..............................................................................................82
Table 6.9: Revenue Account Status of Water Supply and Drainage Fund ..........................................83
Table 6.10: Status of Capital Account - General .................................................................................85
Table 6.11: Status of Water Supply and Drainage Capital Account....................................................85
Table 6.12: Summary of Current Assets and Liabilities status ............................................................86
Table 6.13: Key Financial Indicators ...................................................................................................87
vi
Table 7.1: Slum Population and Households, 2001. ............................................................................90

Table 7.2: Performance Indicators for Slums ......................................................................................93
Table 7.3: Slum Improvement Schemes ..............................................................................................96
Table 8.1: Goals and Service Outcomes Water Supply ....................................................................98
Table 8.2: Design Criteria and Target Service Level...........................................................................99
Table 8.3: Water Demand Madurai Corporation ..............................................................................99
Table 8.4: Strategies and Time Frame Water Supply .....................................................................100
Table 8.5: Goals and Service Outcomes - Sewerage..........................................................................101
Table 8.6: Sewage Generation Demand Madurai Corporation .......................................................101
Table 8.7: Comparison of Various Sewage Treatment Technologies................................................103
Table 8.8: Strategies and Time Frame Sewerage ............................................................................105
Table 8.9: Goals and Service Outcomes Storm water Drains and Water Bodies............................105
Table 8.10: System Demand for Storm Water Drainage ...................................................................106
Table 8.11: Strategies and Time Frame Storm water Drains and Water Bodies.............................106
Table 8.12: Goals and Service Outcomes Solid Waste Management .............................................107
Table 8.13: Design Criteria and Target Service Level.......................................................................107
Table 8.14: Details of proposed primary collection system...............................................................108
Table 8.15: Details of Specification of Segregated Waste.................................................................108
Table 8.16: System Demand for Solid Waste Management ..............................................................110
Table 8.17: Strategies and Time Frame Solid Waste Management ................................................112
Table 8.18: Goals and Service Outcomes Roads & Traffic Management.......................................112
Table 8.19: Strategies and Time Frame Roads & Traffic Management..........................................114
Table 8.20: Goals and Service Outcomes Street lighting................................................................114
Table 8.21: Strategies and Time Frame Street lighting...................................................................115
Table 8.22: Goals and Service Outcomes Basic Services for Poor.................................................115
Table 8.23: Design Criteria and Target Service Level.......................................................................116
Table 8.24: Strategies and Time Frame Basic Services Poor..........................................................116
Table 8.25: Vaigai II Project Sub-Components and System Adequacy (Post Project Implementation)
....................................................................................................................................................118
Table 8.26: Water Demand (Post Project Implementation) Madurai Corporation .........................118
Table 8.27: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Water Supply System for 2026.........119
Table 8.28: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates Vaigai Water Supply Project II ...........120
Table 8.29: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of Water
Supply System for 2026..............................................................................................................120
Table 8.30: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of UGD System for 2026 ......................121
Table 8.31: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of Sewer System
for 2026.......................................................................................................................................123
Table 8.32: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Drainage System for 2011 ................123
Table 8.33: Required Augmentation of Pond and Lakes development..............................................124
Table 8.34: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of Storm Water
Drains for 2011 ...........................................................................................................................125
Table 8.35: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Improvement of Ponds and Lakes ............125
Table 8.36: Projected Waste Generation............................................................................................126
Table 8.37: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Solid Waste Management System for
2026.............................................................................................................................................126
Table 8.38: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation Solid Waste
Management Equipments for 2011 .............................................................................................127
Table 8.39: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation Solid Waste
Management Equipments for 2026 .............................................................................................128
Table 8.40: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Internal Roads (excluding NH, SH,
MDRs and major Bus-route Roads) for 2011............................................................................128
Table 8.41: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of City Roads for 2011 .....131
Table 8.42: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Traffic and Transportation Project to be
undertaken by the ULB...............................................................................................................132
vii
Table 8.43: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Traffic and Transportation Project to be
undertaken by the Highway Department/Other Agencies. .........................................................133
Table 8.44: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Street lighting for 2011.....................136
Table 8.45: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Street Lighting .......................136
Table 8.46: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Basic Services for Urban Poor..........137
Table 8.47: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Urban Poor.............................138
Table 8.48: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Other Municipal Projects .......138
Table 8.49: The Investments for All Other Project............................................................................139
Table 9.1: Investment Phasing for the Water Supply Sector .............................................................140
Table 9.2: Investment Phasing for the Sewerage ...............................................................................140
Table 9.3: ULB Investment Phasing for the Roads and Traffic Transportation ................................141
Table 9.4: Highways Project Investment Phasing..............................................................................142
Table 9.5: Investment Phasing for Storm Water Drains and Natural Drains .....................................143
Table 9.6: Investment Phasing for the Solid Waste Management .....................................................143
Table 9.7: Investment Phasing for the Street Lighting.......................................................................144
Table 9.8: Investment Phasing for the Slums.....................................................................................144
Table 9.9: Investment Phasing for the Other Projects........................................................................145
Table 9.10: Component wise Investments .........................................................................................145
Table 9.11: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Property Tax..........................................147
Table 9.12: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Water Charges ......................................147
Table 9.13: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Sewerage Charges.................................148
Table 9.14: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Solid Waste conservancy fee ................149
Table 9.15: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Other Own Sources...........................150
Table 9.16: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Assigned Sources..............................150
Table 9.17: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Grants & Contributions ....................151
Table 9.18: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Forecasting Revenue Expenditure..........................151
Table 9.19: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Forecasting Water Supply Revenue Expenditure...152
Table 9.20: Assumptions for O&M Expenditure...............................................................................152
Table 9.21: Summary of estimated capital investment and phasing schedule ...................................153
Table 9.22: Summary of investment phasing - ULB component.......................................................153
Table 9.23: Financing pattern for proposed projects..........................................................................153
Table 9.24: One-time charges for water & sewerage connections.....................................................154
Table 9.25: Summary of Financing Plan............................................................................................156
Table 9.26: Summary of Full Project Cash Flow...............................................................................158
viii
Maps/Figures
Figure 1.1: Regional Setting of Madurai City......................................................................................... 1
Figure 1.2: Approach to City Development Plan.................................................................................... 4
Figure 1.3: City Development Plan- The Process................................................................................... 5
Figure 2.1: Municipal Area including the Wards.................................................................................... 8
Figure 2.2: Regional Linkages of Madurai City ..................................................................................... 9
Figure 2.3: Population Density Pattern of Madurai ..............................................................................12
Figure 4.3: Growth Directions of Madurai City ...................................................................................35
Figure 5.1: Schematic Diagram of Madurai Water Supply Scheme.....................................................40
Figure 5.2: Location of Service Reservoirs in Madurai City ................................................................42
Figure 5.3: Distribution system in Madurai ..........................................................................................43
Figure 5.4: Existing Sewerage System coverage and STPs..................................................................48
Figure 5.5: Ongoing/Proposed scheme - sewerage system coverage under NRCP ..............................52
Figure 5.6: Map showing primary drains and water bodies with in Local Planning Area of Madurai.56
Figure 5.7: Map showing Disposal site at Vellakkal ............................................................................64
Figure 5.8: Major road network of Madurai .........................................................................................69
Figure 6.1: Total Revenue Income and Expenditure Trend..................................................................75
Figure 6.2: Total Capital Income and Expenditure Trend ....................................................................76
Figure 6.3: Source of Income (2000 to 2004).......................................................................................77
Figure 6.4: Items of Revenue Expenditure (2000 to 2004)...................................................................80
Figure 6.5: Sector Wise Salary Composition (2000 to 2004) ...............................................................81
Figure 6.6: Water & Drainage Account Expenditure Trend .................................................................84
Figure 7.1: Map showing Location of slums in Madurai City ..............................................................91
Figure 7.2: Percentage Slum Population (at Ward Level) ....................................................................92
Figure 9.1: Sector wise Investment.....................................................................................................156
ix
City Development Plan for Madurai
I.
BACKGROUND
A.
Profile of Madurai
1.
The temple town of Madurai, situated on

the bank of river Vaigai and 500 km
southwest of Chennai, is the third largest
city in Tamil Nadu and the district
headquarters of Madurai District. It is a
pilgrimage centre and gateway to south
Tamil Nadu having the famous Meenakshi
temple at its core. The South bank of
Vaigai River comprises the Old Town
where Madurai was nested and expanded
around the Meenakshi Amman Temple and
Tamil Sangam.
View of Meenakshi Temple
Figure 1.1: Regional Setting of Madurai City
NH
TIRUVALLUR
.5
Tamil Nadu State
CHENNAI
NH.4
VELLORE
KANCHIPURAM
NH
.45
TIRUVANNAMALAI
NH.7
DHARMAPURI
VILUPPURAM
SALEM
PONDICHERRY
Madurai District
CUDDALORE
Nattam
NH
.45
NH
.47
NILGIRIS
Vadipatti
NAMAKKAL
ERODE
PERAMBALUR
TIRUCHCHIRAPPALLI
COIMBATORE
Melur
(PONDICHERRY)
KARUR
THANJAVUR THIRUVARUR
MADURAI
NH.7
Usilampatti
PUDUKKOTTAI
DINDIGUL
NAGAPATTINAM
Tirumangalam
SIVAGANGA
9
NH
.4
THENI
MADURAI
Peraiyur
NH
.49
VIRUDHUNAGAR
NH
.7A
RAMANATHAPURAM
TIRUNELVELI
TUTICORIN
KANNIYAKUMARI
1.
2.
Objectives of the study

The main objective for the City Development Plan is emphasis on issues of priority local
concerns for livability, and the implied requirements in terms of
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
3.
Enhancing City Productivity

Reducing Poverty
Improving Urban Governance & Management
Enhancing Financial Sustainability
The objective of the assignment is to formulate a Plan comprising of appropriate policies

and actions that are implementable to accomplish the objectives of the CDP.
2.
4.
Scope of Work
The CDP outlines the strategic policy and investments interventions to achieve the vision
of Madurai including formulation of sectoral plans for the identified sectors. The scope of
the work is to;
Assess the existing situation with regards to demographic and economic growth and
potentials for growth in the light of economic interventions
Assess the existing infrastructure services with regards to provision and delivery,
coverage, institutional arrangements, cost recovery mechanisms, etc.
Identify the gaps in service delivery and the issues confronting the same
Outline the issues faced by the Citys poor with regards to infrastructure and housing
Outline the urban governance framework of Madurai including the reforms in
enhancing service delivery and citizen participation
Analyse the existing municipal fiscal situation of Madurai
Prepare a vision and sectoral strategic framework outlining the goals, strategies,
interventions / projects to achieve the vision and
Formulate a City Investment Plan (CIP) with appropriate financing strategies and an
implementation action plan.
5.
In addition to that, the CDP will also focus on the reforms to be carried out at the state and
local level in consonance with the vision and strategic plan outlined to sustain the planned
interventions.
B.
City Development Plan- The Approach
6.
The Development plan is a strategic plan, which sets out in detail the policy and
investment options. The plan sets out baseline for the performance of the municipality, its
priorities and aims for future. The CDP is a tool to implement comprising of projects and
reforms to be under taken by the ULB in a planned way to enable sustainability of
municipal operations.
1.
7.
City Development Plan-The Approach

The approach of the City Development Plan is iterative in nature and is presented in
Figure 1.2.
For the formulation of the City Development Plan1 , the future vision of the city is
developed through a participatory approach and stakeholder consultations. Public
consultations are conducted at the town level with the Municipal Councilors, officials, line
agencies and identified stakeholders. The process of formulating a City Development Plan
is provided in Figure 1.3. The process is iterative and would enable the Municipal
Corporation of Madurai review its outcomes through a series of indicators so as to make
the process dynamic and in tune with the felt needs and requirements.
8.
2.
Source of Data
9.
A varied list of organisations apart from the ULB are consulted for putting together the
data presented in the report and used for analysis for the preparation of City Development
Plan.
10.
The census data for the town is made available by the directorate of Census operations
Tamilnadu. Institutions and organisations like DTCP, DIC, TWAD board, IMA, Local
NGOs, Madurai Kamraja University, Theyagarajar Engineering College, Private
organisations etc have provided the necessary data for the respective services.
11.
The City Development Plan is prepared for Madurai Corporation area only. For LPA area
a detailed study is being done and modified CDP will include all the Development,
Upgradation and Renewal Works comprehensively in the LPA area. As per JNNURM
guidelines City Development Plan can be modified if required even after the submission of
CDP. Initially concentration of development works would be in Madurai Corporation and
in subsequent years in peripheral areas. Modified CDP including peripheral outgrowth
would be finalised within four months.
The City Development Plan is prepared by Wilbur Smith Associates Private Limited and is facilitated
by Tamilnadu Urban Development Fund.
Figure 1.2: Approach to City Development Plan
Situation Analysis
Legal
Legal // Systems
Systems
Municipal
Municipal Acts
Acts
Taxation
Taxation Powers
Powers
Borrowing
Borrowing Provisions
Provisions
Budgeting
Budgeting Systems
Systems
Accounting
Accounting Practices
Practices
Finances
Sources & Uses of funds
Base and basis of levy of
major taxes and charges
Collection issues
Uses
Rate of growth
Per-capita Analysis
Services
Current levels of services
Water supply
Sanitation
Roads
Drainage
Lighting
Traffic & Transportation
City Strategic Plan

shared long-term vision
City
Development
Plan
City
Development
ULBs
commitment to citizens
Plan
City Business
Plan
Rates of growth
Revenue revision assumptions
Collection performance
Expenditure growth Assumptions
Expenditure Management
Revenue Enhancement Measures
Assumption on O&M for new
investments
Lending options
- Loan grant mix
- Loan terms
Capital
Investment
Plan
Project Identification &

Facility Siting
Sectoral Strategies
Integration of Line Agency
Projects
Public Priorities
Financial
and
Operating
Plan
Sustainable
Investment
Capital Investment
Need &Prioritisation
Project Pipeline
Implementation Strategy
Management Strategy
Figure 1.3: City Development Plan- The Process

Strategic Planning, Existing
Situation Review & Defining City
Vision and Goals
Agenda for the Future

Sectoral Strategies
Master Plan
Water Supply Augmentation Plan
Sewerage Master Plan
Storm Water Master Plan
Comprehensive Traffic & Transport Study
Annual Progress Report
Review of current service delivery levels

from the citizens perspective through
consultation between councillors and
technical staff of municipality
Agenda Note Preparation on Visions and
Goals of the Corporate Plan in
Consultation with Planning Partners
Review of State and Local Organisations/
Institutional Operations in Service Delivery
Development
Plan
Plan Review
Annual Report and Assessment

of Progress
Identification of Shortcomings
Areas of focus for forthcoming
Corporate Plan
Draft Development Plan

City Vision and Goals
Draft Plan Formulation and

Identification of Capital
Improvement Program
Address issues and identify

future requirement within Plan
Period
Identify Tasks to address
strategies formulated to cater to
future requirement
Identify Institutions involved in
erforming tasks
Define sustainability indicators
to Monitor and Evaluate the Plan
Development Plan
Draft for Public Consultation
Final Development Plan

For Implementation
Public Consultation, Plan

Approval and Finalisation
Plan Monitoring and Evaluation
Critical Review and Approval of Plan

by Citizen Groups/ Public
Representatives, Elected
Councillors and Planning Partners
Review of Sustainability Indicators

Identification of
Key Areas of deficiencies
Redressal of issues and accounted for
C.
Report Structure
11.
This report is the Draft Report and comprises of following structure:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
Project Brief and Scope of work. The current section detailing the project objective
and the Scope of work of the project. Approach to the City Corporate Plan;
Chapter 2 gives the Profile of the ULB and in terms of its demographic
characteristics, past trends and growth, population projections and future trends;
Chapter 3 deals with urban management, the institutions involved, structure of
ULB -its political and executive wings. The chapter also outlines the reform
agenda currently undertaken by the Municipal Corporation;
Chapter 4 elaborates planning and land use management and its growth directions
of the town;
Chapter 5 detailed on existing situation of infrastructure services, coverage, gaps,
and issues confronting the same;
Chapter 6 presents the fiscal situation of the Madurai Corporation
Chapter 7 deals with urban poverty including slums, demogrphic and socioeconomic characteristics, availability of infrastructure services and gaps in the
provision and delivery of services. Housing for urban poor is also discussed in this
chapter;
Chapter 8 describes vision and sectoral strategies, proposed interventions and
costing for each of the sector.;
Chapter 9 describes Capital Investment Plan and Financial Operating Plan and
sustainability of the proposed interventions including the suggested reforms to
enhance the municipal revenues.
II.
CITY DEMOGRAPHY
A.
Geography and Climate
12.
Linkage and connectivity. Madurai is well connected by Rail, Road and Air to all major
cities of the state and the country. Madurai is a major rail junction located on ChennaiKanyakumari Rail line. National Highways NH 7 and NH 49 pass through the center of
the city. The area and linkages of Madurai is presented in Figures 2.1 & 2.2.
13.
Physical and Geographical Characteristics. The City has grown on both sides of river
Vaigai and its terrain is mostly flat. The ground rises from the city, towards outward, on
all sides except the south, which is a gradually sloping terrain. It is surrounded on the
outskirts by small and prominent hills viz. Anaimalai, Nagamalai, Pasumalai and
Sikandearmalai. The city is about 100 mts above mean sea level. The City is situated on
9055 north latitude and 7807 east longitude.
14.
The major groups of soil that are found in Madurai and its environs are the black and red
variety. Karisal, Sheval and vandal are the soil types found in its surroundings. Ground
water in the corporation varies between a depth range of 61 to 91 m. Presently, the average
water table is reported at approximately 76 m below ground level.
15.
Climate and Rainfall. The climate of Madurai town is hot and dry and the temperature
range between a maximum and minimum of 42 0 C and 21 0 C respectively. April and May
are the hottest months. Rainfall is irregular and intermittent, with an average of
approximately 85 cm per annum. The wind blows from northeast direction during January
February, and from southwest direction during May to July.
B.
Population Trends and Urbanization
16.
Population Trends. Madurai Municipal Corporation, covering 51.96 sq.kms, comprises of

a total population of 928,869 persons (Census 2001), whereas the Madurai Urban
Agglomeration comprising the city and surrounding settlements accommodates a
population of 11,94,665 persons. The population growth is presented in Table 2.1.
Figure 2.1: Municipal Area including the Wards
Figure 2.2: Regional Linkages of Madurai City
Table 2.1: Population Growth in Madurai

Year
Population
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991*
2001**
2004#
Male
Nos.
183,950
217,638
280,927
420,739
481,598
469,396
562,250
Female
Nos.
177,831
207,172
268,187
400,152
459,391
459,473
546,505
Total
Nos.
361,781
424,810
549,114
820,891
940,989
928,869
1,108,755
Decadal
Growth Rate
Compounded
Annual
Growth Rate
%
17.42
29.36
49.49
14.63
(1.29)
-
1.62
2.60
4.10
1.37
(0.13)
1.27
* - Madurai district was bifurcated into Madurai and Dindigul

** - Madurai district was bifurcated into Madurai and Theni.
# - Population Enumeration by Madurai Corporation
Source: Census Reports

17.
The town experienced growth rates in the range of 31 percent to 51 percent. Notable surge
in growth rate to 50 percent, registered in 1971 1981, can be attributed to the
upgradation of the ULB into a Corporation (1974), and subsequent annexing of 13
panchayats into corporation limits. The decline in the town growth rate in the past two
decades can be attributed to the bifurcation of Madurai district twice, firstly, in 1984 into
Madurai and Dindigul and secondly, in 1997 into Madurai district and Theni district. The
Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) has reduced from 4.10 percent during 197181 to 1.27 percent during 1991-2004.
18.
However, discussions with officials revealed that, negative growth rate registered by the
Corporation in the last decade, as indicated in Census reports is unexplainable. Population
enumeration conducted by the Corporation in 2004, registered a population of 11.08 lakh.
Also, the Districts urban population registered 20 percent growth in the last decade.
19.
As indicated by the Tourism Department, the average daily floating population in the city
is 2.10 lakh persons.
20.
Population Density. The Municipal Corporation manages delivery of services in all 72

wards within corporation limits, covering an area of 51.96 sq. Km. (Figure 2.3). The City
is divided into four Zones namely, North Zone (21 wards), South Zone (19 wards). West
Zone (16 wards) and East Zone (16 wards), as tabulated below in Table 2.2.
10
Table 2.2: Zonewise Details of Municipal Corporation

Details
North Bank of
South of River Vaigai
River Vaigai
North Zone
East Zone South Zone West Zone
Wards (Nos.)
21
16
19
16
Ward List
1 to 21
44 to 59 31 to 43 & 22 to 30 &
60 to 65
66 to 72
Population (2004)
353,893
207,793
269,915
277,154
Area (sq. km)
19.50
6.12
7.40
18.78
Number of
Wards
72
1 to 72
1,108,755
51.96
21.
The population density of Madurai City is very high, approximately 213 Persons per Ha in
2004. Despite the high density, the average population density has increased from 181
Persons per Ha. in 1991 to 213 Persons per Ha in 2004 (notable increase of 18 percent).
The municipal area has been unchanged since its inception as a Corporation, in1971, thus
indicating need for area de-limitation.
22.
High density within the corporation has resulted in heavy demand for urban services
within corporation limits, high real estate prices and demand for growth areas beyond the
Corporation limits, in the adjacent Local Bodies. Three local bodies, Thiruparangundram
and Avaniyapuram in south, and Anayyur in North, have been upgraded from Town
Panchayat Status to Municipality, in 2005.
23.
Ward wise analysis of Madurai Corporation indicates that the Corporation area is almost
saturated, with 52 wards of 72 wards having high or very high densities. Of the 20 wards
having density below city average, 10 wards are located on the Corporation periphery. The
remaining lesser density wards are either constrained by land-use or other physical
characteristics. The summary of density pattern is tabulated below in Table 2.3 and is
presented in Figure 2.3.
Table 2.3: Summary of Density Pattern
Range
Density Pattern
(Persons per Ha)
Above 1000
701 - 1000
401 - 700
213 - 400
101 213
Below 101
Source: Analysis
24.
Very High Density

Very High Density
Very High Density
High Density
Medium Density
Moderate and Low Density
Number of
Wards
Nos.
3
10
20
19
11
9
The Old city or the Core Areas of Madurai, predominantly areas around the Temple, south
of River Vaigai, are the most densely populated areas (density above 1000 Persons per
Ha). Presence of Slums along River Vaigai, have increased the density of the adjacent to
the River.
11
Figure 2.3: Population Density Pattern of Madurai
12
C.
1.
25.
Economic Development
Sectoral Growth
According to Census 2001, the urban workforce participation rate (WPR) (percentage of
main and marginal workers to the total population) is 34.18 percent (including 1.35
percent marginal workers). Madurai urban WPR in 1991 was 31.87 percent (including
0.64 percent marginal workers). The positive growth in WPR in urban area, by more than
3 percent over the last decade, can be attributed to the growth in the Service Sector. In the
absence of a detailed breakdown of sector/category-wise workers for 2001, the figures for
1991 are used to examine the composition of the workforce. Table 2.4 presents the
category-wise workforce composition in Madurai Corporation, according to Census1991.
Table 2.4: Occupational pattern
Sr. No Year
Population
Sector
Primary Sector
1
Cultivators & Agricultural Laborers
2
Livestock & Mining
Sub-Total- Primary
Secondary Sector
3
Household & Industry
4
Construction
Sub-Total- Secondary
Tertiary Sector
5
Trade & Commerce
6
Transport & Communication
7
Other Services/ Other Main Workers
Sub-Total- Tertiary
8
Marginal Workers
Total Workforce
9
Non- Workers
10 Work Force Participation Rate
Source: Census Reports
1991
940,988
2001
928,869
7,069
1,489
8,558
3,35
-
24,795
16,662
41,457
9,623
-
92,271
28,778
61,848
182,897
6,025
299,941
641,048
31.87%
291,489
291,489*
12,506
317,453
611,416
34.18%
Note: * Includes the figures of Livestock & Mining, HH & Industry and the tertiary sector.
2.
Industrial Development
26.
The town has always been weak in industrial base although, historically it has been an
important trading center for handloom, silk weaving, Pottery, Leather Industry, etc., the
significance of which (trade and commerce) reduced over a period of time. Lack of
entrepreneurship and limited resources are the main reasons for non-development of
industries in this district. However, the town maintains its significance as a major tourism
destination in India.
27.
The three major industrial estates in the district are K. Pudur Industrial Estate, Automobile
Co-operative Industrial estate at Kappalur and Industrial Estate at Urranganpatti for
13
Hosiery products (refer Table 2.5). Apart from the above, a functional Electrical and
Electronic Industrial estate has been established at Kappalur. All major estates are located
along the periphery of the Municipal Corporation, and serve the town in terms of
employment opportunity. There are some Small Scale Industries located within the City.
Table 2.5: Salient Features of Industrial Estates
Industrial Estates
Area
Ha
K. Pudur Estate
50.054
Kappalaur Estate
136
Urranganpatti Estate
69
Work Sheds
Nos.
74
148
147
28.
Presently, the economy is solely dependent on tourism business and competition from
other towns and other states has altered the potentials of the town leading to reduced
growth rates and as well reduced the inflow of floating population. The total floating
population of Madurai is estimated at 2,10,000 visitors per day. The inflow of foreign
tourists is more during the period from November to March, while the influx of domestic
visitors stretches from April to June. Tourism related activities strive in the City, since
Madurai serves as a transit place for religious tours to southern towns like Tiruchendur,
Rameswaram, Kanyakumari and other places in southern Kerala. However, the region of
Madurai is attracting large investments in textiles and associated industries. It has been
noted that three integrated textile parks are coming up in the region which would boost the
economy, particularly the export economy having significant economic oppurtunities in
the region.
D.
Socio-Economic Profile
1.
Employment
29.
Major Employement in the City is provided by Tertiary Sector, mainly being Tourism
Industry and related ancillary activities. Approximately 92 percent of the workforce is
employed in Tertiary Sector.
30.
Property Assessment details, for 2004-05, indicates that there are approximately 155
lodges in the City and a number of other hotels and restaurants, thus being a major
provider of employment in the city.
2.
31.
Income and Expenditure

Collection of Commercial tax is used as a surrogate indicator to measure the Citys
economic output since, data related to domestic products, indicators of economic output, is
published at National and State level, but not available at city level. The detail of
commercial tax collection is available for Madurai for FY 1999-2000 (refer Table 2.6),
which indicates a minimal growth in the collection performance. The Per Capita
Commercial Tax Collection for the City is approximately Rs. 1,260/ for FY 1999-2000.
14
Table 2.6: Details of Commercial Tax Collection.

Years
Commercial Tax Collection
Rs. Lakh
1995-96
11709.90
1996-97
11511.54
1997-98
10987.31
1998-99
11686.21
1999-00
11852.30
Source: Commercial Tax Office, Madurai
3.
32.
Madurai city is facing acute shortage of housing stock, mainly attributed to the
phenomenal growth of the city with influx of rural population, increase in tourism related
activities and conversion of building use. There is a need to add 60,000 houses in the next
10 years to meet the demand. The growth in houses and households is presented in Table
2.7.
Nos.
1961
424,810
1971
549,114
1981
820,891
1991
940,989
2001
928,869
Source: Census 2001
4.
34.
(1.7)
(4.7)
5.9
1.4
Land and Housing
Table 2.7: Growth in Houses and Households.

Year
Population
Census
Households
Houses
33.
Growth
Percent
Nos.
50,243
76,319
157,888
194,552
87,904
125,706
159,154
198,612
215,265
No. of
Households
/ House
Average
Household
size
1.75
1.64
1.01
4.84
4.37
5.16
1.10
4.32
In an effort to overcome housing shortage Tamil Nadu Housing Board (TNHB) is

exploring option for developing housing schemes at various locations and along the ring
road. TNHB has developed neighborhood schemes, which consist of Anna Nagar,
K.K.Nagar as well as in Satyamangalam and Tallakulam areas. The economically weaker
sections have been allotted with more number of plots. In Melavasal area, about 450
tenements were constructed for housing the slum people. Schemes are in progress in
Thatheneri and other north neighborhood areas.
Social Capital
Markets. The central wholesale vegetable and flower market is located in CBD area near
the Temple. The central market covers approximately 4 acres area and accommodates
nearly 400 wholesale shops and 1000 retailer shops selling vegetables, fruits, flowers and
food grains. The market is located in two plots on either sides of the North Avani Moola
veedi near the temple. The land use around the market is mostly residential and partly
institutional, although increasing conversion to mixed landuse is noticed. Apart from
these, there are number of daily markets located within the City including weekly and
15
sunday markets, slaughterhouse etc. Some of the major issues noticed here are narrow
streets, and proximity to the temple which often causes traffic congestion and pollution.
35.
5.
36.
Other Assets. The Corporation maintains two slaughter houses; however, there is no
system for solid waste management and effluent treatment in this slaughterhouse. In
addition to this, there are number of unorganized shops where slaughtering takes place
thus resulting in unhealthy and unhygienic practices. Besides, there is a severe a lack of
infrastructure facilities in these areas.
Health
The basic health indicators of the city are given in the Table 2.8 below. Birth and Death
Statistics for Madurai are comparitively better as compared to the region, given the
precense of good medical institutions in the City. As per Birth-Death registered
maintained by the Corporation, the City registered 19,199 births and 3,191 deaths in 2004.
Table 2.8: Basic Health Indicators, 2004
Vital statistics
Birth Rate
Death Rate
Still Birth Rate
Infant Morality Rate
Maternal Morality Rate
37.
6.
Details
19.3
3.2
5.00
8.90
0.64
The ULB is maintaining 17 Urban Health Posts, 16 Maternity Centers (of below 25 beds)
and two Siddha Dispenseries. The facilities are poorly maintained and need strengthening
and upgradations.
Education
38.
Madurai City houses government education institutions along with aided and private
institutions. The City is base to Madurai Kamaraja University. Prominent institutions
include Theyagaraja Enggineering College and the Medical College.
39.
Madurai City has a literacy rate of 78.62 percent, which is marginally high in comparison
to the district figure. The literacy rate has improved over the last decade, in lieu of the
Citys growing significance in the region and presence of Government and Private
Educational Institutions.
E.
Growth Trends and Projections
40.
Population projection for Madurai City, is in coherence with the population projection
adopted as a part of detailed project report for water supply improvement works for
Madurai and detailed project report for undergroud sewerage scheme, which is under
implementation. The various methods analyzed are.
(i)
(ii)
Arithmetical Increase Method

Geometric Increase Method
16
(iii) Incremental Increase Method

(iv) Semi Log -Line of Best-Fit Method
41.
City population was projected to 2035 using above methods and Best-Fit Method, in
coherence with above mentioned projects, is adopted for the design calculations. The
population projections are prsented in Table 2.9.
Table 2.9: Population Projection
Year
Projected Population
Decadal Growth Rate
Compounded Annual
Growth Rate
Nos
Percent
Percent
2006
1,197,128
2.32
2011
1,282,490
20.13
1.39
2016
1,370,360
1.33
2021
1,456,400
13.56
1.23
2026
1,541,538
1.14
2031
1,627,046
11.72
1.09
2035
1,698,855
1.09
Source: Detailed Project Report for Improvement of Water Supply System for Madurai
City, Tamil Nadu.
Population projection for Madurai City is in coherence with the population adopted as a apart of
detailed project report for water supply improvement works for Madurai and detailed project
report for underground sewerage scheme which is under implementation.
For population projections for Madurai LPA, please refer Annexure 2.1 to 2.12.
17
III.
A.
1.
42.
URBAN GOVERNANCE
Institutions and Capacity

Institutional Arrangements and Policy Context
Institutional Arrangements. The State Governments line departments continue to play a
crucial role in urban basic service delivery. Sectors and agency involvement include:
(i)
Water Supply & Sewerage. The Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board
(TWAD) is responsible for creation of water and sewerage infrastructure in the
state. However, Madurai Municipal Corporation is responsible for the provision and
delivery of services within the City.
(ii)
Master Plan. The Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) prepares the
Master Plan and Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) for the city/town, and the
mandate of implementing the Master Plan /CDP lies with the ULB growth is
generally haphazard and unplanned, the CDP is rarely referred to. However, with a
vision to achieve planned growth, revision of CDP is in progress.
(iii) Roads and Highways. Highways and Rural Works maintains the National and State
Highways that pass through the town/city. Municipal roads are however created and
maintained by the ULB.
43.
(iv)
Environmental Protection. The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) is

responsible for environmental protection and enforcement of rulings related to the
same, passed by competent authorities.
(v)
Slum Upgradation. The Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB) develops
improvement schemes for notified/regularized slum settlements in the city/town.
Infrastructure provision is financed partly through loans from the Housing and
Development Corporation (HUDCo) and partly through grants from GoTN and GoI.
In addition to involvement of various institutions in the development of local-level

infrastructure, the Municipal Administration & Water Supply Department controls locallevel governance through the Commissionerate of Municipal Administration (CMA).
Multiple Agencies such as State Highways, National Highways, P.W.D., Slum Clearance
Board, Tamil Nadu Housing Board are working for the provision of basic services and
infrastructure in the Madurai Corporation area, with their own budget allotments from the State
Government. If there are deficiencies in their service sector the respective Agencies are
responsible. As far as Basic Services such as WS & Drainage concerned TWAD or CMWSS
Board are executing agencies and if there is any deficiencies in these services, responsibility
lies with MMC only.
18
A)
Institutional Responsibility Madurai City
Urban Infrastructure
Planning and Design
Construction
Water Supply
Sewerage
Drainage
Storm Water Drainage
Solid Waste Disposal
Corporation Roads
(Including flyovers)
Street Lighting
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Operation and
Maintenance
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
Madurai Corporation
As envisaged in the 74th Amendment Act, the Elected Council of the local body is vested with the
power of planning and approving the infrastructure facilities. The operation and maintenance is the
responsibility of the local body. The deficiency in infrastructure facilities is due to the need of capital
investment and not attributed to institutional arrangements.
B)
Institutional Responsibility Madurai Local Planning Area (Excluding Madurai

Corporation Limits)
Water Supply
Sewerage
Drainage
Corporation Roads (Including
flyovers)
Street Lighting
Planning and
Design
TWAD
TWAD
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
Construction
TWAD
TWAD
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
Operation and
Maintenance
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
ULB
Here there is no overlapping on the part of the local bodies and other institutions. The elected council
of the local body is also responsible and administrative authority to implement the projects required
for that town. Here also, the capital investment requirement is the main problem for the deficiency
and not overlapping is responsible for the deficiency in infrastructure facilities.
C)
Role of Private Sector in Urban Infrastructure Provision
Water Supply
Sewerage and drainage
Corporation Roads
(Including flyovers)
Street Lighting
Role of Private Sector

Water treatment and pumping are proposed to let out to private sector.
All activities after the initial O&M by CMWSSB, it is decided to hand
over to private sector.
Out of 4 zones, 1 zone was privatized from collection disposal
arrangements. It is expected, all the zones are to be privatized shortly.
One major by-pass road is proposed to be constructed under BOT basis.
It is proposed to provide O&M to private sector.
19
44.
2.
45.
Policy Framework. The Madurai Municipal Corporation Act (1971) governs the
management of the City Corporation and the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act
(1920) govern the management of Municipality and Town Panchayat of the State.
Amendment to the Corporation Act (1971) and Amendment to the Municipalities Act
(1920), provides impetus for environment improvement through Rain Water Harvesting.
Service Delivery and Performance of ULB

The Madurai Municipal Corporations Act, 1971, governs the management of the City
Corporation. The Corporation is responsible for provision of services and basic amenity to
the citizens, which include:
distribution of potable water;

operation and maintenance of drainage and sewerage systems;
public lighting;
sanitation and public hygiene;
construction and maintenance of bus terminals, roads, culverts, and bridges;
maintenance of public parks and gardens;
ensuring systematic urban growth;
regulation of building construction; and
licensing of commercial activities, etc.
B.
Organization Structure of Urban Local Body
46.
The structure of the Corporation consists of two Wings i.e., the Deliberative Wing and the
Executive Wing.
1.
Executive Wing
47.
The Executive wing is responsible for the day-to-day functioning of the corporation and
assists the deliberative wing in the decision-making process. The Municipal Commissioner
heads the executive wing of the ULB, and various officers in charge of different
departments or sections assist the Commissioner in managing the ULB. The personnel
include Managers, Account officer, Health officers, Revenue officer and City engineer.
These officers are assisted in their work by junior officials.
48.
Apart from its own employees, the ULB also employs daily wage basis workers or
contractual workers for services such as street lighting, and sanitation and water supply.
These include electricians, watchmen, water boys, drivers, valve operators etc. Certain
jobs like sanitary works and garbage clearance are done through contracts where the usual
procedure followed is selection through tenders.
2.
49.
Administrative Wing
Madurai Corporation's deliberative wing consists of a Council, with mayor and all
councilors as members, and 6 Standing Committees. The council is elected for 5 years.
Each Standing Committee has one Chairman and 5 members. The members of the
20
Committee are elected by the council. The Chairman of each committee is elected by the
members of that committee and he holds the post for period of one year. Presently, the
Corporation wards are divided into 4 zones namely North, South, East, and West. Ward
committees of each zone are headed by a Ward Committee Chairman.
50.
Apart from this there are 6 standing committees, tax appeal committee, appointment
committee and disciplinary action committee. Tax Appeal committee constitutes of two
councilors (elected by the Council as members), to disposes the tax appeals preferred by
the tax payers. According to the rules framed under the Corporation Act and the
subsequent amendments, the Standing Committees discuss and decide on matters relating
to:
51.
public health, education and social justice;

town planning and city improvement; and
accounts.
Various departments under the ULB, share the responsibility of service delivery within the
Corporation. The functions of various officials/departments, under the Administrative
wing, are elucidated hereunder:
(i)
Commissioner. The Commissioner is at the apex of this structure and is responsible

for all activities carried out by the ULB. The Commissioner is responsible for
preparation and certification of all periodical records, returns and furnishes all
information as may from time to time be required by the Municipal Council or the
Standing committees. He is also responsible for preparation of accounts. At each
general meeting, the Commissioner along with some other key officials, discuss
various issues with the elected representatives.
(ii)
General Administration Department. The department is headed by the

Commissioner and assisted by Assistant Commissioner (Personnel), Administrative
officers, Public relation officer, Superintendent and other officers. This department
is responsible for establishment, other essential matters relating to office, officers,
staff and their welfare like preparation of staff pay bills, maintenance of registers for
advances, GPF, pension, PFs etc.
(iii) Engineering and Water Supply Department. City Engineer heads the Engineering
Section and is assisted by executive engineers, assistant executive engineers,
assistant engineers, junior engineers and other staff. This department looks after all
the works relating to execution and maintenance of basic amenities like Water
Supply, Drainage, Sewerage, Storm water drains, Roads, Street lights, etc. The
Engineering department is also responsible for ensuring the quality of works and
their execution within the time frame.
(iv)
Revenue and Accounts Department. The department is headed by the Commissioner

and assisted by Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioners (Accounts and
Revenue), Accounts officers, Revenue Officers, Assistant officers and other
officers. The Accounts Section is responsible for supervising all financial
transactions related to the CMC, advising the Commissioner on all internal financial
matters, updating financial receipts and expenditure details in accordance with the
21
utilization of funds, reporting deviations in expenditure of funds in any of the

allocated schemes, assisting preparation of the CMC budget, maintenance of
accounts regarding stamp duty, SFC Grants, MP Grants, maintenance of petty cash
book and general cash book and attending to audit requirements and other such
accounts-related duties. Revenue Officer, heading the Revenue Section, is
responsible for collecting taxes such as, trade tax, house tax, advertisement tax, and
entertainment tax; development charges; transfer of properties (commonly called
Khatha transfer); collection of duty; issuing notices for recovery of tax; and
monitoring revenue collections of the ULB.
52.
3.
53.
(v)
Public Health Department. The department is headed by City Health Officer, and is
responsible for ULB services such as Solid waste management, public health related
works like malaria control, family planning, mother and child health care, birth and
death registration etc, and other government assisted programs related to health and
poverty reduction and awareness programs. The City Health Officer assisted by the
Health Inspectors and Sanitary Inspectors, is responsible for services of Solid waste
management and Malaria Control activities. Junior officers are in-charge of works
execution at the field level, which includes monitoring and supervising the work of
sanitary laborers in the wards under their charge and attending to specific local
complaints. Besides, this department is responsible for the enforcement of the
Public Health Act. The City Health Officer is assisted by the assistant health officer,
assistant nurses, biologist and drivers etc. The department is also involved in
promotion of health awareness programs and implements various State and Central
assisted schemes like pulse polio project, SJSRY etc.
(vi)
Town Planning Department. A chief town-planning officer heads this department,

assisted by assistant town planning officers, building inspectors, surveyors and
junior assistants and other staff. The major function of this department is issue of
building license, preparation and implementation of development plans and eviction
of encroachments, urban planning and building regulation.
The corporation maintains a Treasury Office, which is responsible for Pre-Audit of the
work bills and pay bills, before sending them for auditing to the Directorate of Local fund
Accounts as done in the Government treasury offices. Other wings, which are functioning
in the corporation, are Council wing, Legal wing, Vigilance wing and Public relation
wing.
Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building

The vacancy rate in Madurai is 8.50 percent. Table 3.1 summarizes the staff status in
Madurai.
Table 3.1: City Corporation staff details.
Item
Sanctioned Positions
Vacant Positions
Filled Positions
Vacancy Rate %
Staff
5,191
444
4,747
8.50
22
C.
Reforms Initiated by the Municipal Corporation
54.
Madurai Municipal Corporation, to enhance the efficiencies of operations, have initiated

reform measures which are outlined in the following sections
23
1.
60.
2.
61.
3.
62.
Toll Road through Public Private Partnership

With a view to decongest the city, the Corporation of Madurai (CoM) constructed a 27
km, two-lane Inner Ring Road (MIRR) between Kanyakumari Road and Melur road. The
MIRR was completed in October 2000 at a cost of about Rs.43 crore which was financed
by way of grants from State Government (Rs.14 crore) and loan from Tamil Nadu Urban
Development Fund (TNUDF) of Rs.29 crore. The road was opened to traffic from
November 1, 2000 and tolls are being collected. Corporation of Madurai (CoM) entered
the Capital market for raising Rs.30 crores through the issue of secured non-convertible
redeemable bonds in the nature of debentures of the face value of Rs.1,00,000 each by way
of private placement. The placement opened on March 05, 2001 and closed after
mobilizing Rs.29 crores. The Bonds were secured, taxable, redeemable and nonconvertible debentures. These bonds had been assigned a credit rating of LA+(SO) by
ICRA for a total amount of Rs.30 crores.
Accrual Based Accounting System

The accrual-based system of accounting was introduced I Madurai Municipal Corporation
with effect from 1.4.2000 reflecting the true state of affairs of the Corporation.
E-Governance
E-governance of municipal operations is also introduced and the following services are
included under this initiative;
Online Collection of Property taxes: Madurai Corporation has started online

collection of property tax and water charges from June 2004 through 25 collection
centers located at various places in the Madurai Corporation. Madurai Corporation is
the first in Tamil Nadu in introducing online payment;
Issue of Birth and Death certificates from July 2005;
Online collection of miscellaneous receipts from July 2005 in all the zonal offices;
Touch screen facility for the citizens providing information on tax dues, registration
details for births and deaths etc. is provided at Ranimangammal chatram collection
center from July 2005;
Building Plan approvals from August 2005 in all four zonal offices facilitating issue
of plan approval;
Salary bill preparation of 4,700 employees and issuance;
Electronic attendance system in two zonal offices (North & East) through a Bio
Matrix Reader and generation of attendance reports.
Automation of stores and inventory including purchase order, invoice, delivery,

material issues etc;
24
E-payment gateway through Credit /Debit Card from December 2005 facilitating
public to pay the All Taxes amount using Credit /Debit Card. Madurai Corporation
is the first in Tamil Nadu to introduce this service;
Vehicle Management System for maintenance of Vehicle Register and Log books;
Collection on Wheels: Collection of taxes through a mobile van specifically designed

for the purpose;
Video Conference: Video Conferencing facility is being introduced shortly

connecting the zonal offices, main office, and the Commissioners Office for Eadministration.
Figure 3.1: Net work Diagram for Video Conferencing Connectivity
25
Figure 3.2: Automation of Solid Waste Management System Process Flow Chart
Start
Smart Card
Registration
Verify
Card No
Card
Processing
Allow
Weigh
Bridge
Capture
Data on
Exit Bridge
Verify
Weight
Block Card
Alarm
Process Data
Stop
26
63.
At vellakkal compost yard is to be done by reading vehicle ID by a handleheld reader,

weighing weights for each load which will automatically update in the computer.
Figure 3.3: Computerization of Ring Road Toll collection and Bus stand Toll collection process flow
chart
Start
Cash
Pre-Paid or
Cash
Pre-Paid
Capture
Data
Collect
Cash
No
Verify the
Balance
Generate a bill
Yes
First Time
for the Day
No
Open the Gate
Yes
Open the Gate
and generate a
bill internally
64.
Mattuthavani bus stand Tollgate and Ring road Tollgate (5 Locatins) will be soon
Automated by an electronic ticket collector and every collection will update in the main
office server.
Present Status:
1)
Mattuthavani bus stand work completed
2)
Ring road work under progress
27
Figure 3.4: Network Diagram for Data Connectivity
65.
Connecting Mayor camp office, Commissioner Camp office, Vellakkal Compost yard, All
zonal offices with main office through leased line network for Video conference and
Connecting All computers in our office.
Present Status: Line fixing under progress.
Modification of Website
66.
Following features will be included in the website in order to improve the services to the
public
Separate E-mail Ids will be created for Mayor, Commissioner, and all the HODs for
Public can contact the officials through E-mails.
Public can calculate Building plan approval charges by their own.
Public can know their status of Grievances.
Public can know their own application Status.
Knowing Tender Announcements, Download
Tender Schedules, Tender Status.
Modifying Paperless office

67.
Modifying a paperless office by providing Computers and Traning to all the end users will
28
be done shortly.
68.
Present Status: Computers Purchased ,Training Started for All Class I & II and Other
Officials.
GIS Implementation in Madurai Corporation
69.
The GIS is introduced in Madurai Corporation by entrusting the work to Madurai Kamaraj
University. The work has been completed in west Zone and in progress in other three
Zones.
70.
Detailed reforms agenda and time line for ULB and the State is presented in Appendix II
& III.
29
IV.
A.
1.
PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT
Planning Efforts in the Past

Master Plan Outline
77.
Government of Tamil Nadu has notified Local Planning Area for Madurai, extending over
an area of 720.97 Sq.Km under Town and Country Planning Act, 1971. Conurbation area
of LPA includes Madurai Corporation, four municipalities (Thirumangalam,
Thiruparamkundram, Avaniapuram and Anayyur), five town Panchayats and 179 Villages.
78.
Urban settlements, 10 settlements as indicated above, in LPA cover an area of

approximately 143.74 Sq.Km, as per CDP for Madurai for 2001. Madurai Corporation
covers approximately 36 percent of the Urban Area in LPA.
79.
Rural settlements, 179 revenue villages covers an area of approximately 577.23 Sq.Km.
2.
Master Plan Implementation and Implications
80.
First Master Plan for Madurai City was prepared by TCP authority, and received the final
approval in 1994. Given the trends in development and spatial growth, a revised City
Development Plan for Madurai City, for 2021, is under preperation by TCP. The Plan is
approved and is awaiting publication.
81.
Review of Madurai Master Plan, 2001. The master plan prepared for Madurai LPA
estimated a population of approximately 22 lakh of which, 16 lakh is indicated for within
Madurai ULB limits. The master plan proposed to accommodate Thrirupparankundram,
Avaniyapuram, Palkalainagar, Paravai and Othakadai as urban nodes and VadipattySholavandan, Alanganallur, Thirumangalam and Thiruppuvanam as satellite towns.
82.
The Plan emphasised on regional development strategy, for the LPA, by expanding the
economic base and industrial base, and by addressing constraints for physical growth. The
Plan proposed to accommodate a population of approximately 16 lakh within Madurai and
develop satellite towns each accomodating approximately 0.75 lakh diverted population in
addition to their population. It is proposed to link the satellite towns by Rapid Transit
System. The Plan estimated approximately 90 sq. km developed area, within LPA, for
2001.
83.
Planned efforts at sector level are regulated by Town Planning Schemes. In Madurai there
are 31 Town Planning (TP) schemes, 3 number of draft schemes. The total number of
approved DDPs are 46 and 14 number of schemes consented by the government/ DTCP.
30
B.
1.
Land Use Management

Land Use Pattern Current and Future
84.
Existing Land Use. Review of the land use pattern of Madurai City, for 2001, indicates
that approximately 88 percent of land
Existing Land Use Pattern, 2001
is being put to developed use as
against 72 percent in 1994. Presently,
approximately 48 percent of developed
Circulation
area is put to residential use, 18
18%
percent area under transportation and 9
percent area under commercial Use.
85.
Area under commercial & education

use has increased by more than 200
percent each, which is not adequately
supported by allocation of area for
circulation and transportaion. There is
marginal increase in area under
residential use, thus increasing the
residential density of the existing
areas. Land use pattern for Madurai
City as existed in 1984 and in 2001 is
as follows in the Table 4.1.
Public & Semipublic

10%
Table 4.1: Existing Land use Pattern, 2001

Land use Type
Area
(1994)
Residential
48%
Educational
8%
Industrial
7%
Residential
Commercial
9%
Commercial
Industrial
Educational
Recreational
Public & Semi- public
Circulation
% to
Developed
area
Percent
57.49
5.32
5.63
4.61
7.10
19.85
100.00
Area
(2001)
Sq. km
Sq. km
Residential
21.45
21.79
Commercial
1.94
4.14
Industrial
2.10
3.12
Education
1.72
3.62
2.65
4.66
Transportation/ Circulation
7.41
8.29
Sub-Total (Developed Area)
37.32
45.61
Water Bodies
5.03
2.07
Agriculture
9.48
4.14
Sub-Total (un-Developed
14.06
6.21
Area)
Total
51.82
51.96
Source: Master Plan for Madurai, 2001. & Revised CDP for Madurai, 2021.
86.
% to
Developed
area
Percent
47.77
9.07
6.84
7.93
10.23
18.18
100.00
Proposed Land Use Pattern. The Local Planning Authority has proposed Revised City
Development Plan for Madurai City for 2021. Proposed land use is elaborated below in
Table 4.2.
31
Figure 4.1: Land-Use Map for Madurai Corporation2
From a thesis document of School of Architecture & Planning, Anna University.
32
Figure 4.2: Land-Use Map for Madurai Local Planning Area3
From School of Planning Thesis, Anna University.
33
87.
Review of the proposed land use pattern of Madurai City, for 2021, indicates that
approximately 95 percent of land is being put to developed use as against 88 percent
presently. Approximately 51 percent of developed area is proposed to be put to Residential
use, served by 17 percent area under Circulation and 10 percent area under Commercial
Use.
88.
Approximatey 300 Ha of additional

area is proposed for residential use
over 20 years, as compared to present
area. This area is minimal as
compared to the demand, due to
population growth, and shall result in
further densification of the existing
wards. Also, there is no increase in
area proposed for transportation or
circulation use, which is likely to
cause bottlenecks for development of
infrastructure over the Plan period.
There are approximatey 21 major
water bodies (2.07 sq.km), maintained
by the Public Works Department
(PWD) and have been retained over
the Plan period.
Proposed Land Use Pattern, 2021

Circulation
17%
Public & Semipublic

9%
Residential
51%
Educational
7%
Table 4.2: Proposed Land use Pattern, 2021

Land use Type
Industrial
6%
Commercial
10%
Residential
Educational
Circulation
Commercial
Recreational
Area
(2021)
Sq. km
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Education
Transportation/ Circulation
Sub-Total (Developed Area)
Water Bodies
Agriculture
Sub-Total (un-Developed Area)
Total
Source: Revised CDP for Madurai, 2021.
2.
89.
Industrial
% to Developed area
Percent
24.75
4.70
3.12
3.62
4.66
8.29
49.14
2.07
0.61
2.68
51.96
50.36
9.57
6.35
7.36
9.49
16.86
100.00
Development Patterns Growth Areas and Direction

Historically, development of the City was noticed around the temple, which is the focal
point in the southern part of river Vaigai, followed by growth in urban area surrounding
the Old City. Later, developments came up in the northern side of the river which has
gained prominence over the last two decades with the establishmentof government offices
and institutional buildings.
34
90.
Figure 4.3: Growth Directions of Madurai City

As in case of most of the
cities, Madurais growth
pattern is also guided
along the major
transportation corridors, 2
National Highways and 7
Major District Roads.
Trend of spatial growth
within LPA is noticed
along NH 7 (towards
Thirunelveli and towards
Dindigul) and towards
Airport, in the South and
towards Alagarkoil,
Mellur and Natham in the
North. Towards the South
of Madurai Corporation, a
notable increase in population growth is observed in Thirumangalam Town and
Thirupparankundaram Town, along NH 7, and in Avaniyapuram Town along Airport
Road, in the past few years. Low denisty growth is also noticed along NH 7, towards
Rameswaram. In the Northern side, population increase is noticed, in and around Anayyur
Town and along Alagarkoil Road. In keeping with the growth pattern, the government has
identified and upgraded three Town Panchayats (Thiruppurankundaram, Avaniyapuram
and Anayyur) into Municipality in 2005.
Kathakina
Alathur
Narasingam
To
Din
dig
ul
Anaiyur
P&T Colony
Mangalgudi
Parayathikulam
Thallakulam
Athikulam
S.Alangulam
Rail Nagar
Station
Anaiyur
71
72
19
21
26
23
27
70
17
22
16
30
33
Madakulam
Kanmoi
Madurai
Junction
29
36
Meenakshi
Temple
10
31
New Ellis
Nagar
42
54
44
43
Shanmuga Puram
57
Vandiyur
To
n
ori
tic
Tu
Muthupatti
61
52
Vandiyur
Theppakulam
Villapuram
Periya
Kanmoi
Iravadhanallur
59
Anuppanadi
53
Avaniyapuram
ttai
62
Sathyasai
Nagar
To
Aru
pp
uko
63
64
56
58
Jeeva Nagar
Muthuramalinga Puram
51
55
45
Keraithurai
66
50
46
39
40
60
41
To Sivaganga
49
38
Central
Bus Stand
Madurai
College
48
37
Lakshmi Puram
32
68
65
Managiri
35
47
67
Thirupparankundram
15
34
28
Pasumalai Hill
11
13
Chockikulam
24
Vadhumal
elur
To M
Uthangudi
14
18
20
i v
69
Madakulam
Meenambalpuram
Sellur
i g
Kokkalappi
Ponmeni
12
Bibikulam
Thathaneri
25
Arappalayam
Chockanathapuram
Vilangudi
Kochadai
Parasurampatti
Villapuram
91.
Figure to right, indicates the growth direction of Madurai City and the locations of
recently upgraded municipalities.
92.
Growth Trend towards North. Major development activities are noticed towards the
Northern side within Corporation limits, along Alagarkoil Road and Puddur/Mellur Road,
attributed to the development of High Court and Major Bus Stand (Mattuthavani Bus
Stand). New and Upmarket residential development is noticed along Mellur Road and
along Natham Road. In the southern side, low intensity development is noticed along
Theni Road, and areas beyond the By-Pass Road, and also along road to Theyagaraja
Enggineering College. Newly developing commercial area are noticed, in North Central
Areas, along the Alagarkoil Road Main road.
93.
Growth Trend towards South. The newly developed neighborhoods, such as Alagappan
Nagar, Shenoy Nagar, West Ponnagaram extension, TVS Nagar, Anna Nagar and KK
nagar, are well planned with open spaces and low density. The commercial hub of the City
and the region is the Core City, with high density of shopping and commercial
establishments.
94.
High Density Low Income Areas. Major low income areas include Sellur, Thatheneri in
North Zone, Ares along the Bank of Vaigai in the North and South Zone, and Fringe Areas
near to Avaniyapuram and Villupuram in the South.
35
3.
Growth Constraints and Developmental Potentials
95.
Constraints. Major constraint for growth in Madurai, is the limited area available for
development and the high population density (56 wards of a total of 72 wards have density
above 200 Persons per Ha), within the corporaiton limits thus making it saturated. This has
put excess pressure on the infrastructure services and deteriorated the quality of life in the
recent years.
96.
Very high residential density pattern is observed in the Core City area (more than 1000
Persons per Ha). Although, the actual density in this area is far higher than the indicated
figures, given the presence of floating population and the commercial establishments
located in and around the Core City area. Major constraint noticed here is rapid conversion
to mixed landuse and lack of open spaces, which is again deteriorating the quality of life,
coupled with traffic congestion. Also, Central Market, the wholesale market for vegatable
and flowers spread over 2.06 ha, and its associated activities adds to the congestion in
CBD area.
97.
One of the major deviations with respect the Master Plan, 1994, is the growth of the City
towards Northern region, along Mellur Road and Alagarkoil Road, at a faster pace as
compared to the Southern Region, along the Thirunelveli Road and Airport Road.
Investigation have revealed that major constriant to growth in the south is Poor quality and
Inadequate availability of ground water in the Souther region along the Airport Road. Also
the growth is facilitated by precense of institutional, government (High Court) and service
facilities (Mattuthavani Bus Stand) towards the North.
98.
Development Potentials. Growth potential needs to be explored at regional level, within

the LPA. The very high population density within the ULB limits is resulting in high real
estate prices and increased pressure on urban services. There is a need to capitalize on the
growth potentials nodes in the LPA, through transporation linkages and special
development areas, to increase the spatial growth potential of the ULB. As propogated in
the Master Plan, 1994, there is need to identify and develop newly developed Urban
Nodes.
99.
The regional developmet Potentials of the region is linked to its economic and industrial
base, hence a comprehensive program to review and revamp sick industries in the region.
This inturn will induce development potentials in the region.
C.
Key Developmental Issues
100.
Key Issues are elaborated below:

(i)
Madurai Corporation encompasses only 36 percent of the LPAs urban area

although it houses approximately 80 percent of the urban population of LPA, thus
indicating a need for delimitation of the ULB area.
(ii)
Very high population density pattern noticed inside the Corporation limits is
deteriorating the quality of life. This has resulted in high real estate prices within the
36
Corporation area, thus channelizing development towards the adjacent Local Bodies
and areas beyond Corporation limits.
(iii) A review of the Revised Master Plan, 2021, has indicated that the proposed area for
the future development is grossly inadequate given the population growth trend.
Future increase in area for residential use is not supported with increase in area for
traffic and transport use, which will create bottleneck for future development. In
addition, no increase is noticed in area for recreational use, which shall impact the
quality of life over the Plan period.
(iv)
Currently, increased demand for urban services is proving as bottleneck for present
development of the City.
(v)
Heavy vehicular congestion is noticed in the Old City Area where Meenakshi
Amman Temple is located, attributed to the slow moving vehicles, presence of high
floating population and commercial establishments, which is fast deteriorating the
quality of life.
(vi)
In the newly developing housing layouts, the OSRs have not been handed over to
the Madurai Corporation under the Act, resulting in non-provision of civic services
in these layouts.
37
V.
A.
1.
INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
Physical Infrastructure
Water Supply
Existing Situation.
101.
Sources. Madurai Corporation meets its

water demand through Surface and SubSurface Sources, through water supply
schemes, on Vaigai River. First protected
water supply was provided to Madurai City
in the year 1892, through headworks at
Arapalayam. Subequently, considering the
increasing population and additional
demand, headworks was installed, early in
the 1970s, at Thatchampattu, Melakkal,
Kochadai and Collector Well on the Vaigai
Upstream of Vaigai Reservoir
Riverbed are being utilized to convey water through Pumping, to the North Zone during
monsoon season and whien there is sufficient flow in the river. Headworks at Manaloor
and Thiruppavanam, dowstream of Madurai city, were originally designed to pump water
into the South Zone, and are partly functional depending on the availability at Source.
102.
Pursuant to the design and implementation of the World Bank funded Vaigai Water
Supply Scheme, potable water is now being supplied to the South Zone areas through
transmission system coveying 68 MLD, from Vaigai Reservoir.
103.
Present Water Supply System. Avaialble sources of water supply to the ULB and their
present supply, are listed below:
(i)
Original Scheme I (Present Yield - 16 MLD). A partial yield from September to

February through existing collector well/Infiltration galleries installed on Vaigai
River at Melakkal, Thatchampattu, Kochadai and Collector Well for supply to the
North Zone. Design Capacity of the aforementioned headworks is 52 MLD.
However, only 16 MLD of water is realized from the riverbed, 14 MLD from
Melakkal headwork and 2 MLD from the renovated Thatchampattu headwork, and
this amount is highly dependent on river wetting, through release of water from
Vaigai Reservoir.
(ii)
Original Scheme II (Present Yield 2 MLd). A partial yield (monsoon season) is

achieved from headworks installed at Manaloor and Thirupavanam on the Vaigai
Riverbed. Design Capacity of the headworks is 7 MLD.
(iii)
Vaigai Water Supply Scheme (Present Yield - 68 MLD). Year round available
source conveyed, through clear water mains from Vaigai Reservoir under the
38
World Bank project implemented in the year 1993. Design Capacity of the
Scheme is 68 MLD.
104.
Details of all headworks are elaborated in Appendix 1a.
105.
Treatment. The facility is located at

Pannaipatty village, 16.6 km from Vaigai
Dam, and serves Vaigai Water Supply
Scheme. The Plan has a design capacity of
71.6 MLD, of which only 68 MLD is being
utilised. Raw Water from Vaigai Dam is
conveyed by gravity through 1100 mm PSC
transmission main (16.60 kms length) to the
treatment work. Details of ExistingWTP is
presented in Appendix 1 b.
View of the Cascade Aerator
106.
Transmission. Clear water is transmitted by

gravity from WTP to Arasaradi Pumping Station,
to be distributed in the ULB through service
reservoirs. Clear Water is transmitted to Main
Pumping Station, via 48.80 kms long 1100 mm
dia. PSC mains. Schematic diagram of the
scheme is presented in Figure 5.1.
107.
Main Pumping Station. Arasaradi Main Pumping

Clear Water Main across Vaigai River
and Booster Station lcoated 2 km from the City,
was initailly constructed in 1963 under the Original Scheme and Upgraded in 1993 under
the Vaigai Scheme to Augment Capacity. The Facility is installed with one GLSR (6.8
ML) and Balancing OHT (1.15 ML). The MPS cum Booster Station is installed with a
total pumping Capacity of 540 HP, with equal Stand-by Capacity. Diversion of Water to
North Bank in Summer Season is managed from this facility. Water is pumped to Elevated
Service reservoirs in North Zone from Arasaradi MPS, while it is conveyed directly from
Clear Water Main to Service Reservoirs in South Zone.
108.
Service Reservoir. The town is served with 23 OHTs and One GLSR, with a design
capacity of 34.85 ML and 6.8 ML respectively. 10 OHTs serving North Zone and
13OHTs serving South Zone. Table 5.1 indicates the Storage Capacity of the ULB.
Details of Distribution Zone wise storage capacity is elaborated in Appendix 1 c. Location
of service reservoirs are presented in Figure 5.2.
39
Figure 5.1: Schematic Diagram of Madurai Water Supply Scheme
40
Table 5.1: Service Reservoirs and Distribution Zone

Reservoirs
Ground Level Service Reservoir
North of Vaigai River
South of Vaigai River
Over Head Tank
North of Vaigai River
South of Vaigai River
Total GLSR
Total OHT
Nos
Nos.
Capacity
Lakh Litres
1
68.00
10
13
1
23
112.00
236.50
68.00
348.50
109.
Distribution System. Feeder Mains laid from headworks or Main Pumping Stations,
conveys water to the service reservoirs. For North Zone, two major Feeder Main lines
conveys water, from Arasaradi Pumping Station to 10 Service Reservoirs, and for South
Zone, two major Feeder Main lines and Branch Feeder Mains convey water to the 13
Service Reservoirs. Water Supply distribution system of Madurai is presented in Figure
5.3.
110.
The ULB is divided into 12 Water Supply Distribution Zones. A total length of
approximately 467 kms of distribution system has been laid out of total road length of 615
kms. Distribution network within the ULB covers all wards, except the fringe areas, some
extension areas and low income areas. Pipelines in the existing distribution network vary
between 90 and 350 mm diameter and pipe materials used are AC, CI and PVC.
Frequency of water supply in the ULB is once in 2 days.
111.
In addition to this, approximately 0.36 MLD is supplied to uncovred areas by Tanker

Supply, through 10 tankers (capacity 9,000 litres each). The tankers maintain a trip rate
of approximately 2 to 3 trips per day.
112.
Presently, water is supplied to approximtely 10.48 lakh population at 67 lpcd.
113.
Service Connections. The municipality has provided 82,369 water supply connections, of
which 79,611 are Domestic connections (96.65percent), 2,586are Commercial connections
(3.14 percent) and 172 are Industrial connections (0.21percent).
114.
Water Tariff. The present tariff structure (Flat Rate) is Rs. 412 per year for Residential and
Rs. 991 per year for Commercial and Institutional and Rs. 1,466 per year for Industrial
connections. Flat rate system is followed for all types of connections irrespective of
metered provisions, since most of meters are not in function. Deposit and connection
charges are indicated below.
41
Figure 5.2: Location of Service Reservoirs in Madurai City
42
Figure 5.3: Distribution system in Madurai
43
Table 5.2: Water Tariff-Deposit Details

Type of
Deposit Amount
Connections
Rs.
Residential
1,000.00
Commercial
2,000.00
Industrial
4,000.00
Institutional
2,000.00
115.
Connection
Charges
Rs.
1,500.00
2,000.00
2,500.00
2,000.00
Flat Rate/Month
Rs.
42.85
85.00
150.00
85.00
Other Sources of Supply. Other sources include ground water, which is non-potable in
nature in Madurai City. The ULB indicates that ground water is extracted from
approximately 1,365 borewells. Unserved areas/Extension areas of the ULB is supplied
water through water tankers (Approximate Supply 0.50 MLD).
Service Adequacy and Key Issues.
116.
Key issues/indicators are based on review and discussions and data analysis presented in
Table 5.3 below.
Table 5.3: Water Supply Indicators
Indicator
Population covered
Households Covered
Per Capita Supply
Treatment Capacity (% of Supply)
Storage Capacity (% to Supply)
Distribution Network Reach (% of Road Length)
Houses/PT Assessments with Water Connection
Slum Population Per Public Stand Post
Frequency of Supply
Units
Service Status
Percent
100
Percent
52
Lpcd
67
Percent
78
Percent
50
Percent
84
Percent
62
Persons
67
Once in 2 days
Norms
100
90
110
100
33
> 100
85
150
Daily
(i)
Low Supply Levels. Low per Capita supply is noticed; the situation becomes
worse in Summer Season with Per Capita Supply coming to as low as 60 lpcd. The
frequency of supply in the City is once in two days in Normal Season.
(ii)
Inadequate Treatment Capacity. In respect of increasing demand in the future, the

treatment capacity needs augmentation. Present Capacity is lower than adequate.
(iii)
Inadequate Service Coverage. 100 percent of the population is served with

protected water supply system with lesser pro-rata supply. Also only 52 percent of
the households is provided with House Service Connections. Besides, demand for
water supply has not taken into account the requirements of water supply to the
peripheral areas forming part of Greater Madurai.
(iv)
Inadequate Network Coverage. Distribution network runs approximately 80 percent

of the Road Length. Considering the high population density within the ULB, the
network adequacy demand, as a percent of road length, is high.
44
(iv)
Inadequate Summer Storage. The pattern of rainfall is erratic. There is no scope for
storing rainwater for recharging, as most of the water bodies are encroached, silted
and used as sewerage outlets.
(v)
Need for Source Augmentation. The

present source of water is not adequate to
meet out the requirements of the people,
and augmentation is required to meet
future requirements.
(vi)
Refurbishment of the Existing System in

the Core Areas. The distribution system
in the Core Areas has been laid before 50
years. Although intermittent
View of River Vigai
rehabilitation works have been carried, based on complaints, the system needs a
comprehensive rehabilitation measure based on Detail Study.
(viii) Need for Asset Management Action Plan. It is required to maintain an O & M
Schedule, for Water Supply Assets, for regular maintenance and energy
consumption optimization.
A leak detection study conducted by WAPCOS/NEERI in 1998 is undertaken in West Zone by
TWAD Board, which reveals a 30 % losses in distribution network and transmission main and
remedial measures are being taken. As already 84 % of water supply coverage is in existence, 100 %
coverage will be attained in the 2-1/2 years.
Ongoing / Recently completed Projects.
117.
Recently Completed Works. Works have been undertaken in the last three years for
augmentation of source and increasing the coverage of supply, like;
(i)
Rehabilitation of Thatchampattu headwork, 2003, included works for replacement

of components including submersible pumps, pumping mains, etc, at an estimated
cost of approximately Rs. 22 lakh;
(ii)
Extension of Distribution network, for over 20 kms, has been taken up to increase
coverage, mainly in the New Developed Areas;
(iii) Refurbishment of Distribution of Network. Approximately 30 kms length of

distribution system has been refurbished in the past three year, which included
checking leakages and replacing of old and damaged lines.
45
2.
Sewerage and Sanitation

Existing Situation
118.
Under Ground Drainage System. Madurai Corporation is bifurcated into two drainage
zones namely North Zone and South Zone.. The sewerage system for Madurai City,
especially in the Core Area, is one of the earliest system constructed in India and
commissioned in 1925. The system has been expaned ever since, depending on the
population cover and the fund availability. Presently, under the National River
Conservation Program, the Corporation is aiming to achieve universal coverage. The UGD
scheme for unsewered areas of the Corporation, is under implementation. Presently, Phase
I of the scheme is completed and commissioned.
119.
After the implementation of Phase I of UGD Project, 43 wards are fully sewered, 16 wards
are partially sewered while remaining 13 are unsewered, of the total of 72 wards in the
Corporation. Based on the ward coverage of the system and sewage generation, it is
estimated that approximately 6.00 lakh population is presently being served with sewerage
system.
Table 5.4: Sewerage System Coverage
Ward Coverage under after Implementation of Total Wards
Status
NRCP Phase I
Nos.
Fully Sewered
7-10,13-15,21,23,24, 28,31-54,56,58-63
43
Partially Sewered
1, 6, 11, 12,16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 25 - 27, 29, 30, 55,57
16
Unsewered Areas 2 - 5, 18, 64 72
13
Source: TWAD Board.
120.
An overview of the Present System of Sewage Collection and Disposal in indicated below.
Table 5.5: Sewerage System Overview
Drainage
Year of
Drainage Block
Zone
Commissioning
South of
River
Vaigai
NRCP
Phase I
North of
River
Vaigai
NRCP
Phase I
Year
1924 - 1952
1959
1965
2001
2005
1983 84
1983
1983
2005
Nos
1-6
1A & 7
8
8A
9, 9A, 10, 10A,
SS Colony
Munithirithope
Block (including
Thathaneri
Block)
Anna Nagar
KK Nagar
NRV
Pumping
Stations
Nos
1 MPS @
Santhaipatti&
8 SPS
Sewage
Inflow at
MPS
MLD
Sewage
Pumped to
STP
MLD
42.00
17.00
19.00
10.00
5 SPS
1 MPS @
Munithiritho
pe & 2 SPS
1 SPS
46
* - Sewage from Block 1 and 1A are pumped directly to the Main Pumping Station,
Source: TWAD Board.
121.
The sewerage system network runs

approximately 375 kms including 48 kms of
conveying mains (including 122 kms of
laterals and 15 kms of Mains laid under NRCP
Phase I), collecting a total sewage quantity of
approximately 61 MLD at the main pumping
stations. The raw sewage is partially pumped
to the treatment plants (due to capacity
constraint at STP) and treated (primary
treatment), before being discharged into
sewage farms.
View of Sewer Mains near STP
122.
Pumping Stations. South Drainage Zone covers 15 blocks south of River Vaigai, and has
approximately 42 MLD of waste reaching Main Pumping Station at Santhaipatty. Sewage
is pumped to STP via 600 mm dia. CI pumping Main. However, due to capacity constraint
at STP, only 17 MLD of sewage is pumped to STP and remaining 24 MLD is being
disposed directly into the nearly channel without treatment. In the North Drainage Zone,
covering 5 drainage blocks, 19 MLD received at Munthirithope Main Pumping Station is
pumped to STP via 700 mm dia. CI pumping Main. However, only 10 MLD is pumped to
the Sakkimangalam Treatment Plant, again due to capacity constraint at STP. 5 MLD of
Sewage generated from KK Nagar Block and Anna Nagar Block is let out into Vandiyoor
Channel and another 4 MLD of sewage is Over flowing at the Main Pumping Station into
natural chanels. Sewage Inflow from NRCP Phase I Drainage Blocks are collected at the
Main Pumping Stations of the respective zones, before being pumped to the respective
STPs. It is understood, that main reason for overload of sewage is design constraints as
the capacities have not been augmented with coverage of the sewerage system.
123.
Treatment Facility. Treatment of sewage is

carried out through Waste Stabilization
method, at both treatment facilities. 17 MLD of
sewage from South Drainage Zone is treated at
Avanaipuram STP (design capacity 13
MLD). Of the Two lagoons, used for collection
of treated sewage, at Avaniapuram STP only
one is operational. In North Zone, 10 MLD of
sewage pumped from the Main Pumping
Station to Sakkimanagalam STP (design
capacity 13 MLD). Of the total sewage
View of effluent disposed to sewage farms
generated, approximately 61 MLD, only 26 MLD of sewage is being treated because of
severe capacity constraints at the STPs.. Presently , both STPs are in dilapidated
condition and in need for urgent capacity augmentation and refurbishment. The capacity
constraint has become more acute after commissioning of NRCP I. Figure 5.4 exihibits
eixisting sewerage system coverage and sweage treatment plant locations in Madurai.
124.
Waste is disposed to the sewage farms, adjacent to sewage treatment plants. Details of
sewage farms are indicated below.
47
Figure 5.4: Existing Sewerage System coverage and STPs
48
Table 5.6: Sewage Farms

Description
Sewage Farms
Area Available
Cultivated Land
Year of Commissioning
Guinea Gross
Vegetation
Capacity of Lagoons
Lagoons
Size of Lagoons
Approximate Annual Income
Units
Acres
Acres
Acres
Acres
MLD
Nos.
m
Rs. Lakh
Present Status
Avaniyapuram
Sakkimangalam
385
134.85
217
15.50
1924
1990
185
32
13.6
13.6
2
3
95 x 95 x 2.5
90 x 38.5 x 2.5
18.72
0.50
125.
Effluent Disposal. Sewage from the Collection lagoon, in North Zone and South Zone, is
discharged into agricultural fields or into water channels for irrigation.
126.
Sewer Connections. The Corporation has provided with 45,613 sewer connections.
However, the sewage generation is very high as compared to the number of connections,
thus indicating a gap in the System. This indicates the possibility for high numbers of
illegal connections.
127.
Sanitation Facilities. Other Sanitaion

facilities include Septic Tanks, Public
Convenience Blocks (456 nos.), and Low
Cost Sanitation Units (approximately 20,800
units). 87 Public convenience blocks are
being maintained on Pay and Use basis by
private contractors. The ULB has also
launched projects under ISP in the slum to
benefit the urban poor, with assistance from
the State Government. It is estimated that
approximately 2.4 lakh population is covered
by sanitation facilities, most of them being slum population. View of Public Conveniance
Service Adequacy and Key Issues
128.
Key issues/indicators are based on review and discussions, and data analysis presented in
Table 5.7 below.
Table 5.7: Sewerage and Sanitation Indicators
Indicator
Population Coverage
Sewage Network reach (% Road length)
Sewage Treated (% to sewage generated)
% P.T. Assessment provided with Sewage
connection
Slum Population per seat of Public Convenience
Source: Analysis
Units
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Nos.
Service Status
(2004-05)
59
32
43
35
210
Norms
90
100
100
-
49
(i)
Refurbishment of Old Sewer System. Original sewerage scheme in the Core City
areas (Block 1 to 6), laid between 1925 and 1948, is functioning in a dilapidated
condition. Based on a detailed assessment study, the parts of the scheme needs
relaying and refurbishment.
(ii)
Inadequate Population Coverage. Only 59 per of the population is served with

UGD system. Uncovered pockets/Illegal connections under UGD system result in
disposing the sullage and night soil into roadside/storm water drains. Due to poor
linkages in the storm water drains, the problem becomes more prominent during
rainy season.
(iii)
Inadequate House Service Connections. Legal HSCs constitute only 35 percent of

PT assessment. Although based on actual Sewage generation, the number of
connections is far higher, thus indicating presence of high numbers of illegal
connections. In addition, the corporation is providing the UGD connections at a
very slow pace although the system is partially in place.
(iv)
Treatment Capacity Constraint. Severe

capacity constraint is noticed in the
system with respect to treatment of
sewage. Only 43 per of the sewage is
being treated. The Problem shall become
more acute after commissioning of
NRCP Phase I and Phase II.
Augmentation of Sewage Treatment
Capacity, need to be taken up on priority
basis due to acute capacity shortage
currently. Augmentation issue needs to
View of effluent let out to Agri field
be addressed parallel to commissioning of NRCP Phases I and II.
(v)
Inadequate and Ill-Maintained Public Sanitation. There is a high dependency by

slum population on public conveniences, the seat per person is limited and most
slum dwellers resort to open defecation; public awareness regarding safe sanitation
is very poor.
Ongoing Project
129.
Ongoing Project Underground Sewerage System for Unsewered Areas, under National
River Conservation Program (NRCP) for Madurai City. CCEA has approved an amount
of Rs. 16,500 Lakh for Madurai Town under Seven Additional Town Scheme, for
construction of Under Ground Sewerage System. CMWSSB, is the implementing agency
for execution of the Core Works at Madurai. The Scheme envisages to achieve universal
ward coverage, in a phased manner under the NRCP Scheme. As indicated earlier, Phase I
of the Project is commissioned, and Phased II is under progress (refer Figure 5.5).
130.
Project Components and Phasing, Salient features, Components and Coverage of the
Project phases is indicated below.
50
Table 5.8: Salient Features of NRCP

Phases
Completed Works
Phase I (Phase
completed and
commissioned
in 2005)
Ongoing Works
Phase II
(Expected
Commissioning
2006-07)
Coverage
Project
Capital
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Agency
6 Sewer blocks
(9, 9A, 10,
10A, North of
Vaigai, SS
Colony)
Collection System- 122 km

Conveying Mains 15 kms
Ultimate design Population 4.1
lakh
Drainage Blocks 1 block in North
Zone and 5 blocks in South Zone
4,253.00
CMWSSB
Remaining
Unsewered
areas
Collection System 242 kms

Conveying Mains 31.6 kms
Ultimate design Population 4.5
lakh
Collection System - 90 km
4 Drainage Blocks
Sellur Main Pumping Station and 8
Sub-main Pumping Station
Collection System - 114.00
4 Drainage Blocks
Muthupatti Main Pumping Station
and 3 Sub-main Pumping Station
7,024.00
CMWSSB
Expansion of treatment capacity

(Waste Stabilization Pond System) at
Avaniapuram (additional 67 MLD)
and Sakkimangalam (additional 32
MLD)
Sewage collection (3.64 MLD) along
upper reach (peripheral areas) of
River Vaigai through Interception
and Diversion, to be treated at
Sakkimangalam (NRV) and
Chottathatti tank (SRV)
Schemes include Soild Waste
Management and other non core
items (Crematorium, Low cost
Sanitation (30 toilets))
1,014.78
CMWSSB
732.00
PWD
500.00
MC
(i) North of
Vaigai River
(ii) South of
Vaigai River
Proposed Works
Phase III
Salient features
Capacity
Augmentation
of STP
Phase IV
Interception
and Diversion
of Sewage
coming into
Vaigai River
Phase V
Non-Core
Schemes
Source: CMWSSB
51
Figure 5.5: Ongoing/Proposed scheme - sewerage system coverage under NRCP
52
131.
Service Status. Sewerage and Sanitation Service Status after implementation of the NRCP
Project is indicated below.
Table 5.9: Service Status Post UGD Project Implementation
Description
Units
Service
Augmented
Status
Capacity
For Year 2003
Under NRCP
Project
Sewer Network *
kms
206.00
297.20
Conveying Mains *
kms
36.50
Sewage Pumping Capacity MLD
61.00
42.00
Sewage Treatment
MLD
26.00
73.00
Capacity
# - Design year as indicated in NRCP Report.
Source: Analysis/NRCP Report.
132.
Service Status
Post- NRCP
Implementation
503.00
69.00
103.00
99.00
Service Adequacy (Post Project Implementation). Key Indicators based on the Proposed
Project parameters for the Design Population were generated to understand the Project
Adequacy for Future.
Table 5.10: Service Adequacy - Post UGD Project Implementation
Units
Present
Future Service Status
Indicator
Service Status
(Post Project
Implementation)
Population Coverage
Percent
59
Above 80
Sewage Network reach (% Percent
32
Above 85
Road length)
Sewage Treated (% to
Percent
43
98
sewage generated)
PT Assessment Covered
Percent
35
Above 75
with UGD Connection
Source: Analysis
Norms
85
85
100
100
133.
Proposed HSCs and Project Remunerations. It is proposed to provide approximately

60,500 HSCs (22,800 connections under NRCP Phase I and 37,700 connection under
NRCP Phase II Project). Approximate Populaiton coverage proposed in approximately 8.5
lakh (for Ultimate Stage). Monthly Tariff, proposed on Montly Flat Rate basis. Deposit
Collection is proposed on graded Tariff Structure based on Property Tax Demand, as fixed
by the Council.
134.
Madurai Corporation estimates that approximately Rs. 700 lakh income can be generated
through Deposit Collection and approximately Rs. 70 lakh income can be generated from
Monthly Tariff, for 85 percent connections, after implementation of Phase I and Phase II.
53
Table 5.11: Proposed Tariff Structure

Description
Amount
Rs.
Monthly Tariff - based on Type of Connection

Domestic
Commercial
Industrial
Deposit Charges - based on Graded Structure of Property Tax Demand
Property Tax Upto Rs. 300/Rs. 301/- to Rs. 500/Rs. 501/- to Rs. 1,000/Rs. 1,001/- to Rs. 2,000/Above Rs. 2,000/Source: CMWSSB.
136.
3.
125.00
150.00
375.00
500.00
1,500.00
2,000.00
3,000.00
4,000.00
Recently completed Sanitation Projects. Madurai Corporation has implemented Integrated

Sanitary Program at 53 locations and is being put to beneficial use. The Project has been
completed at an estimated cost of Rs. 236 Lakh.
Storm Water Drainage and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies

Existing Situation
137.
Storm Water Drains. Madurai is provided with network of storm water drains upto a
length of 170 kms, which is only 28 percent of the total road network of the City. The
networks of drains are supported by 53 kms of primary drains or natural water channels.
The Corporation maintains the strom water drains inside the Corporation Limits while the
natural channels are maintained by the PWD. Table 5.12 provided further details
regarding the storm water drains in the City.
Table 5.12: Municipal Storm Water Drainage
Drain type
Open Drains (Pucca)
Open Drains (Kutcha)
Closed Drains (Pucca)
Total
Primary Drains/Natural Channels
Storm Water Drain Adequacy (% to road length)
Length (km)
143.60
4.25
22.03
169.88
53.00
-
Percent
84.53
2.50
12.97
100
27.60
138.
Drainage System. Madurai City is situated on 9055 north latitude and 7807 east
longitude. The City has grown on both sides of river Vaigai and its terrain is mostly flat.
The ground rises from the center of the city, towards outward, on all sides except the
south, which is generally sloping terrain. It is surrounded on the outskirts by small and
prominent hills viz. Anaimalai, Nagamalai, Pasumalai and Sikandearmalai. The city is
about 100 mts above mean sea level.
139.
Rainfall. On an Average, rainfall is irregular and intermittent, with an average of

approximately 85 cm per annum. The region has received excessive rainfall in 2005. The
54
region received maximum rainfall from Northeast Monsoon from October to December
and Southwest Monsoon between July to August brings some rains.
140.
Primary Drains. Natural Water Channels (13 Nos.) running upto a length of 53 kms, serve
as the Primary Drains (refer Figure 5.6) and discharge surplus Storm Water in and around
the City, into Vaigai River. The width of the Primary Drains varies within a range of 1.0 m
to 3.5 m.
141.
Tertiary Drains. Corporation maintained Pucca Drains runs to approximately 22 kms (24
nos of Drains). The average width of these drains is approximately 0.60 m. The
Corporation has provided one side as well as both sides drains along the roads in the Core
City Area. Approximately 144 kms of open drains are provided in the City.
142.
Disposal. The Primary Drains discharge surplus storm water and sullage collected (all
wards are not sewered, hence flow of sewage into storm water drains is also observed),
into Vaigai River. It is estimated that approximately 3.65 MLD of sewage is letoff into
River Vaigai through drains.
55
Figure 5.6: Map showing primary drains and water bodies with in Local Planning Area of Madurai
56
143.
Rejuvenation of Water Bodies. Madurai LPA area accommodates approximately 10.92

sq.kms of area under water bodies, covered by 21 tanks of which 6 tanks (Madakulam
Tank, Bibikulam Tank and 4 Temple Tanks) are located within the Corporation limits
(refer Figure 5.6). PWD is the responsible agency for maintenance of 17 tanks and 4
tanks, mainly belonging to Temples, are being maintained by HR&CE. Table 5.13
presents details of the Tanks and their present Status.
Table 5.13: Details of Water Bodies
Name of Tanks
Current Usage
Area
Ha
Owned by PWD
Vandiyur Tank
Sellur Tank
Veeramudaiyan Tank
Madakulam Tank
Chinnakanmani Tank
Kosakulam Kanmoi Tank
Kochadai Tank
Thallakulam Marudhankulam (2 Nos.)
BiBikulam Tank
Aruldaspuram Vayaleli Tank
Madakulam Pykara Urani
Thallakulam Anathaneri Tank
Thallakulam Kodikulam Tank
Thallakulam Surveyor Colony Tank
Thallakulam Sampakulam Tank
Thallakulam Marudhankulam 1 Tank
Owned by HR&CE
Mariamman Theppakulam
Koodal Alagar Perumal Theppakulam
Thirumukkulam Tank
Palankanatham Ramar Urani Tank
Ayacut
Recharge
Recharge
Ayacut partly
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge/Partly irrigation
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge partly Irrigation
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge/Partly Irrigation
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge
Recharge
Storage
Capacity
M cu.m
231.5
113.95
34.62
102.69
118.92
146.95
30.81
62.65
23.45
12.65
0.76
67.82
81.55
1.38
21.55
10.05
3.04
0.46
0.72
4.73
0.01
0.06
0.30
0.04
0.72
0.43
0.12
0.06
0.07
22.97
1.25
3.7
3.46
0.24
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
144.
Key Issues/observation based on Indicators is elaborated below.

(i)
Inadequate Coverage. Drains cover only 28 percent of the road length. Besides,
Kutcha drains are not well defined and are easily damaged by the traffic, thus
reducing the meaningful coverage of built up drains.
Out of 615 km of roads in Madurai Corporation limits, 60 km roads are less than of 3 m width,
which are running mainly across the slums. The pre-dominant surface type is stone-paved,
concrete in built with storm water drains.
Though the existing storm water drain coverage is 28 % of the road network, every year 10 % of
the roads will be provided with storm water drainage and 100 % will be attained within 7 years.
57
(ii)
Problem Areas. Perrier Bus Stand Area, Railway Colony, and Area near Underpass to Madurai Coats are some of the areas, which are frequently, flooded due to
lack of proper drainage arrangements. Other flood prone areas include
Simakkalam, area near Amritham Theatre, area near Tallakulam Perumal Kovil
temple, Narimedu - Kattabomman Nagar, and Menakkshipuram Bibikulam area.
(iii)
Silting and Solid Waste Accumulation. Silting and uncontrolled solid waste
dumping cause blockage and stagnate water channels/wastewater runoff.
Consequently, drains choke and overflow into neighboring areas. Tanks around the
city, which acted as flood moderators, have also witnessed Silting.
(iv)
Underutilized Water Bodies. Area under Water Bodies within the LPA, is not being
put to productive use as Summer Storage Tanks. Presently, the tanks are in
dilapidated condition and are only being used for recharge purpose. Misuse of Water
Bodies is also noticed in terms of uncontrolled solid waste dumping.
Ongoing / Recently Completed Projects
145.
4.
Completed Projects. Rehabilitation works have been undertaken for major water channels,
9 Water Channels in the North Zone and 5 Water Channels in the South Zone, under the
Strom Water Drainage Scheme. These works include Construction of Culvert both inside
and outside corporation limit, desilting of supply channels, Rehabilitation and
resettlement, and retaining walls.

Existing Situation
146.
The collection, transportation and disposal of municipal solid waste is an mandatory

function of the Madurai Corporation. The municipal solid waste mainly comprises waste
from households, markets, commercial establishments, hotels, hospitals and industries in
the town. The Public Health department of the Corporation, headed by City Health Officer
(CHO) and Assistant Heath Officer (AHO), is responsible for the Solid Waste
Management in the City. For the efficient administration and for day-to-day operational
purposes, the town is divided into 4 Zones covering all the 72 municipal wards.
147.
Waste Generation. The corporation generates approximatel y 450MT of solid waste per
day, at the rate of approximtely 406 gms per capita, which on par of cities of similar size.
High influx of floating population (approximately 2.10 lakh persons annually) is also sited
as reason for high generation of solid waste, especially commercial waste.
148.
Sources of Waste Generation. The various sources of waste generation in Madurai are
detailed out in the Table 5.14.
58
Table 5.14: Sources of Solid Waste Generation

Source
Quantity
Tons/day
Domestic
288.00
Commercial
108.00
Industrial
Hospitals and Clinics
18.00
Others
36.00
Total
450.00
Composition
Percent
64.00
24.00
4.00
8.00
100.00
149.
Domestic Waste. In Madurai, the major source of waste generation has been the
households. The quantum of waste generated from households is around 288 tons per day,
which is 64 percent of the total waste generation of the town. The household waste mainly
consists of organic waste such as vegetable waste, food, etc..
150.
Commercial Waste. Commercial establishments like Hotels, Restaurants, Shops, Trading

units, small time Street Traders, Kalyan Mandapams, etc., generates solid waste which
mainly comprises of paper, plastics, food left-overs and other in-organics. Madurai has
approximately 25 Daily Markets and 2 Weekly Markets. The total quantum of waste
generated from these sources is 108.00 tons per day, which constitutes about 24 percent of
the total waste generated. Waste Collection in the market areas and the bus stand are
managed by means of contract employees (70 contract workers).
151.
Industrial Waste. As there are no major industries in the Corporation Area, the waste from
the existing units is not mixed with the municipal waste.
152.
Hospital and Clinical Waste. The urban local body is maintaining a few health post and
maternity homes. In addition, Madurai consists of large private hospitals and health care
institutions generating 18.00 tons of hospital waste. Hospital waste is collected and
disposed seperately through incineration and is not mixed with municipal waste.
153.
Waste from Other Sources. The municipality also collects waste generated from street
sweeping, drain desilting and construction. The quantity of solid waste generated from the
above sources is of the order of 36 tons per day, which is about 8 percent of the total waste
generation.
154.
Composition of Waste. In 2004, a study on the waste characterization of solid waste from
ULB was conducted. Approximately 65.4 percent waste is Degradable, while the rest is
Non-Degradable (which mainly include Paper, Plastic, Glass, etc.). The details are
presented in Table 5.15.
Table 5.15: Waste Characterization - Physical
Components
Organic Waste
Banana Leaves & Stem
Food & Vegetable Waste
Leaves and Branches & Wood
% by Weight
%
0.35
53.37
8.57
59
Components
Coconut Husk
Fish Waste
Papers
Gunny Bags
Paddy Straw
Baggage
Cow Dung
Sub-Total
Inorganic Waste
Inorganic Silt
Plastic
Textile Waste
Rubbers
Metals
Glass
Total
Grand Total
Table 5.16: Waste Characterization - Chemical

Element
Units
Moisture
Percent
Net V.S
Percent
Ash
Percent
Coal
Percent
Sulphate
mg per Kg
Phosphate
mg per Kg
Chloride
mg per Kg
N.P.K
mg per Kg
Sodium
mg per Kg
Pottasium
mg per Kg
Calcium
mg per Kg
% by Weight
%
0.70
1.32
1.33
0.12
1.47
0.26
0.90
68.42
30.13
0.75
0.36
0.08
0.09
0.17
31.58
100.00
Value
50.70
17.31
30.70
1.29
3,000
1,457
1,499
1,105
1,302
3,315
5,600
155.
Waste Collection. Presently, Collection of waste is managed by Municipal Sanitary

Workers and Contractual Labourers. Waste Collection is some slums are being handled by
Self Help Groups (SHGs).
156.
Madurai Corporation manages to collect soild waste by employing 2079 sanitary workers.
The workers collect the waste using Handcarts and Tricycles and disposes into dustbins
and dumper bins for secondary collection. It is estimated that approximately 410 MT of
waste is collected daily.
157.
Efforts in privatization of collection have been made through employing of contract

workers and collection of waste from Bus Stand and other Commercial Areas.
Privatization of Household waste collection is under active consideration by the
Corporation, Presently, the Corporation has also engaged 70 contractual laborers for waste
collection from markets and bus stand. The Corporation has appointed 12 SHGs,
comprising of 240 workers for primary collection operations. The Corporation has also
60
engaged 200 contract workers for waste transportaiton.

158.
ULB manages primary collection through 135 Tricycles (Carrying Capacity - 200
kgs/Tricycle) and 150 Hand Carts (Carrying Capacity 100 kgs/Handcart). Collection and
transfer of waste to collection points is managed by AutoMinidor (57 rented vehicles are
being used by the ULB currently). There are 74 Dumper Bins with a total capacity of
approximately 100 Tons placed at main collection locations around the City. Night
sweeping is done effectively around the temple area, the core c, some markets and around
bus stand.
61
159.
Waste Transportation. In Madurai, as in most of the urban local bodies in the state, waste
transportation is being carried out using open vehicles. Transfer of waste to collection
points is done by ULB owned Hand Carts, Tricycles and Rented vehicles like AutoMinidors, which is further taken to dumping yard by means of ULB owned vehicles
(Lorries and Dumper Placers) and Rented vehicles (Tractors).
160.
Transportation of waste is managed by 12 ULB

owned vehicles and 65 hired vehicles. The ULB
manages to collect and transport 410 MT of
waste to the disposal site, based on varying
number of trips assigned and undertaken by
these vehicles. Table 5.17 indicates details of
waste transportatation.
JCB is in use to clear waste at dump site
Table 5.17: Vehicle Fleet and Transportation Capacity.

Type of
Municipal
Total Trips/
Vehicles
Vehicles
Day
Nos.
Municipal Vehicles
Dumper Placer
Tipper Lorry
Sub Total
Contract Vehicles
Tipper Lorry
Tractors
Sub Total
Total
Source: Analysis.
Nos.
Vehicle
Capacity
MT
Carrying
Capacity of
Vehicles
MT
4
8
12
3
3
4.50
3.00
54.00
72.00
126.00
8
57
65
128
3
3
3.00
1.50
72.00
213.00
285.00
411.00
161.
Specialized Vehicles. Apart from the general fleet engaged for daily activities of
transportation, the ULB own and operates specialized vehicles for specific purposes. The
ULB has engaged 1 nos. Night Soild Lorry, 2 nos. Sewage Suction Lorry, 2 nos. Vacuum
Sweeping Machines and 2 nos. other vehicles. The ULB operates these vehicles on
intermitant basis, depending of the requirement.
162.
Privatization Efforts in Transportation.

Municipality has privatised majority of
the fleet for solid waste transportation
bringing in savings in operations. Details
of rentals are indicated in Table 5.18
bleow.
View of Weighbridge at Disposal Site
62
Table 5.18: Rental Details of Hired Vehicles

Type of Vehicles
Lorry
Tractor
Auto Minidor
163.
Rentals
Rs./Trip
396.00
275.00
95
Maximum Trips
Nos.
3
3
5
Disposal. At present, the Corporation is not

practicing any safe or scientific solid waste
disposal methods. The waste collected from
various localities in the city is directly disposed
off by open dumping at Vellakkal site, located
outisde the CC limits. Solid waste generated
from all sanitary wards is disposed off at this
site. Site is located at about 10 km from the city
and the total area of the site is 82 Acres (refer
Figure 5.7).
View of Vellakkal Disposal Site
Institutional Set-Up
164.
As described earlier that municipal solid waste management is an obligatory function of

the ULB. In Madurai, the Public Health department is headed by City Health Offier who is
supported by four Circle Sanitary Officers.
Table 5.19: Staff Details of Health Department
Description of Post
Sanctioned Post
City Health Officer
1
Assistant Health Officer
1
Circle Sanitary Officer
Sanitary Inspector
84
Conservancy Inspectors
72
Drivers
91
Sanitary Supervisors
110
Sanitary Workers
2700
Total
3057
165.
Filled Post
1
1
4
37
65
74
2079
2218
Vacant Post
0
0
47
72
26
36
621
802
The total sanctioned posts in the Public health department is 3057, out of which only 2138
posts are filled indicating a very high vacancy ratio of 29 percent.
166.
System Adequacy. The ULB manages to collect approximately 410 MT, 91.5 percent of
the Waste collection, through employement of efficient collection and transportation.
63
Figure 5.7: Map showing Disposal site at Vellakkal
64
Table 5.20: Municipal Solid Waste Indicators

Indicator
Units
Service Status - 2005
Per Capita Generation
Gms/Day
406
Garbage Collected (% collected to
Percent
91.50
generated)
Road Length per Conservancy Staff
m
238
(Including Contract Laborers)
Conservancy staff per 1,000 population
Nos.
2.34
Source: Analysis
167.
Norms
< 400
100
400 600
m
3
Based on the information collected and field visits, the key issues of solid waste
management in Madurai have been identified and presented in this section. Key indicators
are used to assess service adequacy of Madurai Corporation.
(i)
Absence of Effective Primary Collection Mechanism. The absence of the door-todoor solid waste collection system in the city is leading to filthy and unhealthy
conditions in the city. Segregation of waste is not being practiced in the city.
Besides, there is no arrangement for disposal of Bio-medical Waste, which in-turn
is dumped along with general garbage and some of it is disposed on the banks of
the River Vaigai. Segregation and primary collection of waste through private
participation, is under active consideration by the ULB.
(ii)
Inadequate Collection Vehicles. Inadequate collection vehicles, mainly Handcarts

and Tricycles, is hampering the collection efficiency. Also additional transfer
station and dumper bins needs to be located at various locations in the City.
(iii)
Future Inadequacy of Waste Dumping Facility. Based on the present method of

disposal, Waste Dumping, it is estimated that the facility will reach its ultimate
Capacity by 2011, thus indicating a need to further land acquisition.
(iv)
(v)
Lack of Scientific Waste Disposal. As the

scientific disposal of waste is not
followed, the waste is being disposed
through open dumping. The waste is
disposed improperly forming heaps of
waste at the site, posing problem to
environment and health of the local
people. Though the data pertaining to the
ground water quality around the site is not
available, there is a probability of ground
water contamination due to leaching.
View of Vellakkal Disposal Site
Occupation Health Hazards. The waste collection, loading and unloading operations
have been done manually. The sanitary workers have not provided with any
protective equipment posing heath hazards.
65
5.
Transportation and Traffic Management

Exiting Situation-Roads
168.
Overview. The ULBs role regarding roads comprises construction of major roads and
maintenance of all roads in its jurisdiction, except roads belonging to PWD and Highway
Department. The ULB is also responsible for implementing proposals from master plan
with regards new major roads and road widening activities.
169.
The existing road system comprises of 2 NHs, 7 MDRs and other roads, totalling upto a
road length of approximately 615 kms within the Corporation limits. According to
Madurai land use for 2001, total area earmarked under circulation and transport use in the
City is 8.29 sq.km, approximately 18.17 percent of the developed area. However, in actual
this is not maintained due to mixed landuses, encroachments and unclear demarcation of
road widths.
170.
Madurai Corporation is maintaining 520 kms length of roads and 61 kms length of
pavement lanes and sidewalks. With regards to the surface condition of municipal roads,
about 79 percent of the total municipal road length have surfaced roads (comprising BT
and CC surfaces). In addition to the above there is approximately 48 kms of unapproved
road (roads within housing layouts, societys and others), which is under process for
transfer to the ULB. Table 5.21 presents the road types along with their lengths.
Table 5.21: Distribution of Roads in Madurai Corporation
Roads
Municipal Roads
Surfaced Roads
Black Topped
Cement Concrete
Unsurfaced Roads
WBM
Cut Stone Slabs/Concrete Slabs/Pavements
Earthen/Kutcha
Sub-Total
Other Departmental Roads
Highways and Major District Roads
Sub-Total
Total
Length
Km
Distribution
%
429.73
30.60
73.90
5.30
45.08
61.21
14.69
581.31
7.80
10.50
2.50
100.00
34.00
34.00
615.31
171.
System Adequacy. The density of roads in the town is 11.84 km/sq. km. The per-capita
road length maintained by the local body is 0.66 m, which is less than the standard of 1.75
m. The condition of major roads is good. However, minor roads and roads within
individual residential colonies are in bad condition. Footpaths and parking facilities are
lacking on the streets. The road indicators are illustrated in the Table 5.22.
66
Table 5.22: Municipal Roads Indicators

Indicator
Road Density
Per Capita Road Length
Percent Municipal Surfaced Roads
Percent of Black Topped Roads to Total Road
Length
Percent Annual Increase in Road Length over past 5
years
Source: Analysis.
172.
Units
Km / Sq.km
m
Percent
Percent
Service Status
(2004-05)
11.84
0.66
79.00
73.40
Percent
Based on the information collected and field visits, the key issues facing the roads and
transport corridors of Madurai have been identified and presented in this section. Key
indicators are used to assess service adequacy of Madurai Corporation.
(i)
Inadequate Coverage. There is only 0.58 m Per Capita road coverage as compared
to a norm of 1.75 m Per Capita coverage, attributed to the high population density.
Inadequate coverage is noticed in the newly developed layouts and in the extended
areas.
(ii)
High Density and Congested Lanes.

Roads in the temple areas and old city
areas are narrow and surrounded by
heavily built-up areas. These roads also
carry large volumes of traffic due to
wholesale markets and commercial
trading in the area. These factors make
the lanes highly susceptible to air
pollution and delayed travel times.
View of Wholesale Market Road
(iii)
(iv)
Encroachment. The margins of roads are encroached upon in several sections of

major roads of the city by illegal parking and other informal activities. With no
margins left on the roads, the effective carriageway of the road is reduced
drastically leading to congestion and accidents.
Absence of Street Furniture/Signages.
The roads lack signals, signages, and
footpaths. Improper road sweeping
results in most roads being covered with
silty soil, which reduces the driving
safety.
Condition of Road near Wholesale Market
67
6.
Traffic and Transportation.

Exiting Situation
173.
Road Network / Traffic Pattern. The travel pattern in the City is guided by the road
network and land use pattern in the town. The road pattern also makes a lot of through
traffic to pass through the City, due to the converging pattern of major regional roads
(refer Figure 5.8).
174.
The road network in Madurai is visible in distinct clear patterns. Firstly, the concentric
square pattern of streets around the Temple; Secondly, the radial pattern of main roads
leading to other major urban centers of the State and thirdly, the partial ring roads which
connects the radial roads at few points. Because of these incomplete linkages and
inadequate widths especially in the central area and railway crossings, radial roads and
ring roads suffer from bottlenecks and congestion. Some of the major limitations noticed
in the existing system of roads are inadequate road widths, inadequacy of pedestrian
sidewalks, absence of cycle tracks, and absence of parking spaces and bus lay-by.
Congestion is also caused by presence of commercial traffic, mainly trucks loadingunloading goods from markets, since the town is a major trade and commerce centre in
South Tamil Nadu.
175.
A comprehensive Traffic and Transportation study for Madurai was made by the Division
of Traffic and Urban Systems Engineering, Anna University in 1996. In this study the
existing and the future travel demand has been analysed to evaluate the transportation
network sufficiency. According to this study, the bye passable traffic on Tirunelveli Road,
Melur Road, Natham Road and Dindigul Road is more than that of other roads. Similarly,
the volume of vehicle movement from various radial roads towards CBD along Dindigul
Road, Melur Road, Ramnad Road and Tirunelveli Road, both inbound and outbound, is
found to be predominant. It indicates that traffic flow is increasing in the corridors of the
city causing the traffic congestion and in resultant problems. Hence, the formation of ring
road attracts priority work among other developments.
176.
Major Traffic Bottlenecks. Major traffic

bottlenecks include railway level crossings,
narrow high level bridge across the river
Vaigai, railway over-bridge and poorlydesigned intersections. There are three
railway level crossings on the major roads
that cause inordinate delays for the road users
due to the frequent gate closure for long
duration. There are four river crossings and
four Rail Over Bridges. Major road
intersections viz. Yanaikal junction,
View of a Junction
Simmakkal junction, Kattabomman Statue junction, Junction of Melaperumal Maistry
road and T.P.K road, and Munichalai road junction near Dinamani Talkies are poorly
designed, and are prone to serious traffic congestions, given the heavy volume of traffic
and bulk pedestrian movement at these places.
68
Figure 5.8: Major road network of Madurai
69
177.
On-road vehicle speed is an indicator for

traffic congestion and the capacity constraint
on Road. Origin-Destination Studies and
Speed Flow Studies conducted for Madurai, in
20014, as a part of studies for Re-location of
Whole Sale Market outside City Limits, is
available. The study noted that the vehicle
speed in Madurai along major roads varies
from above 40 kms per hour along Bypass
Road, varies between 17 kms per hour and 25
kms per hour around the periphery of the Old
View of Velli Street
City areas (West and South Veli Streets) and reduces to a low of approximately 6.50 kms
per hour around the Temple Area (North Masi Street). Indicated figures, are based on
survey conducted in 2001. Growth in Tourist activities and vehicle is expected to have
deteriorated the situation further in the following years. Hence, a demand is felt for
undertaking critical traffic management measures and undertake Projects (Shifting of
Wholesale Market, Provisions to meet Parking demand, Pedestrianization of Selective
Areas around Main Temple, etc.), to meet excessive traffic demand of the City.
178.
Parking Demand. Land Use and Economic Activities in the City drive the Parking demand
in the City. Here, the City is a major regional center for Trade and Commerce in southern
Tamil Nadu and also an important Tourist Location in International and National Tourist
Map, which drives the heavy influx of Floating Population. Consequently, heavy
movement of Vehicular Traffic has increased congestion and induced Parking demand
within the ULB area.
179.
Heavy Paring demand is witnessed around roads within the Core City Area, around the
Main Temple, and other tourist locations. The is need for locating Multi-Storied Parking
lots at important locations within the ULB area. Based on Parking Demand Study for
20015, it is estimated that the existing peak hour parking demand in the Old City is
approximately 200 Parking Car Equivalent (PCEs). Based on a surge in Tourism
Activities and therefore Parking demand, present day demand is estimated at
approximately 250 PCEs. Detailed proposal based on Consultants study has been
prepared for accommodating the Parking Demand near Main Temple, by shifting the
Whole Sale Market to outskirts of the ULB and using the land area for construction of
Multi-storeyed Parking Facility (G+2 floor).
(i)
Traffic Congestion. Major roads leading to other important urban centers of the
State follow radial pattern and converge towards the central area of the city
resulting in over accumulation of traffic in the central area. Because of the
inadequate widths especially in the central area and railway crossings, radial roads
and ring roads suffer from bottlenecks and congestion. Presence of major Whole
Based on Detailed Project Report for Design of Market and Multi-Storied Parking Facility at Madurai,
TNUIFSL
5
Based on Detailed Project Report for Design of Market and Multi-Storied Parking Facility at Madurai,
TNUIFSL
70
Sale Market near the Temple Area, also induces more congestion and pressure on
the Exiting Core Area Roads.
(ii)
Absence of Peripheral Ring Road. In absence of a complete peripheral Ring Road,

regional traffic is directed into the City thus causing congestion and delay due to
Heavy Moving Vehicles.
(iii)
Traffic Bottlenecks. Absence of Rail Over Bridges and narrow width of existing
Bridges and Culverts, causes traffic bottlenecks and congestion in the City.
Absence of Sub-ways at important junctions is also noticed as a cause of
congestion.
(iv)
Inadequate Parking Areas. Heavy congestion is created by high vehicular density in

the City (Local Traffic and Floating Traffic), especially in the Core Areas and
important Tourist locations, which is not adequately served with infrastructure
facilities like Parking area. Traffic management measure, like One Way System, has
been implemented but fails to address the Problem effectively.
(v)
Absence of Proper Truck Terminus.

Although, being a center for trade and
commerce in the region, the City is not
provided with a proper Truck Terminal
and ancillary facilities, which induces
congestion due to inflow of Goods
Carriage Vehicles within the City Area.
Vehilcle Parked along Velli Street
7.
Street Lighting
Existing Situation Street Lighting
183.
The ULB is divided into four Zones, for provision and maintenance of Street lighting. The
Street light Section of the ULB is under the purview of the Assistant Engineer, Street
lights, who manages operations in Four Zones with Four AEEs. The provision and
maintenance of streetlights is an obligatory function of Madurai City Corporation. The
City Corporation installs new streetlight poles and the power is supplied by TNEB .
184.
The ULB is provided with 24,103 street lights at approximately 30 m interval, to lit the
City. Discussion indicated a high efficiency of operation with approximately 97.5 percent
of the Street lights in working condition. SV lamps are provided along major corridors and
10 Nos. High Mast Lights are provided at major junctions. The Corporation Streetlights
details are presented in the Table 5.23.
71
Table 5.23: Composition of Streetlights

Type of Fixture
High Mast Lamps
Sodium Vapor Lamps
Tubelights
Ordinary Bulbs
Total
Numbers
Nos.
10
7,987
16,012
94
3,644
Distribution
%
0.04
33.14
66.43
0.39
100.00
185.
Tubelight constitutes more than 66 percent of the Total Light fixtures in the City followed
by Sodium Vapor Lamps with about 33 percent. Only 10 high mast lamp is installed at
major Road Junctions.
186.
ULB Initiatives for Power Saving. Madurai is part of Cities for Climate Protection
Project sponsored by ICLEI and as per a study conducted in 2004which recommended
power saving through use of retrofit fixtures and power saving switches.
187.
The project is being implemented on trial basis at some locations. The ULB has installed
power switches at 10 locations (10 High Mast Lights), and have detected an estimated
saving of Rs 0.38 lakh per yer per light post. Using of power saver switches at more
location across the ULB is under active consideration.
Table 5.24: Municipal Street lights indicators

Indicator
Spacing between Lamp Posts
Tube Lights (% to Total)
High Power Lamps (% to Total)
Source: Analysis
Units
Mt
Percent
Percent
Current Situation
30
71.84
26.72
188.
Key issues are related to power fluctuation and short circuit problems leading to low
carrying capacity of the cables and improper street lighting in the newly formed extension
areas and major junctions due to inadequacy of light poles.
B.
Social Infrastructure
1.
Primary Health
Existing Situation
189.
The public health department of Madurai Corporation looks after the health care system.
The town has both government and private run hospitals and clinics. There approximately
226 hospitals (major and minor), of which are 26 Major Hospitals, 45 Maternity and
Family Planning Centers, approximately 37 Nursing Homes and other small Clinics. The
major hospitals are Rajaji Government Hospital (Ward No. 21), Christian Mission
Hospital (Ward No. 46), Arvind Eye Hospital (Ward No. 7), Meenakshi Hospital, Grace
72
Kennet Hospital and Appolo Orient Hospital.

190.
The Corporation maintains 16 Maternity homes , 17 Urban health posts and 19

Dispenseries within the ULB Limits. Apart from these, there are Allopathy, Siddha,
Ayurvedic Dispensaries maintained by the Corporation. There is one School health team
that serve school going children. There are separate wings in the Health Department of the
Corporation, responsible for Malaria and Mosquito Control and School Health program.
Some of the major issues relating to health care noticed in the City are Inadequate Bed
Strength, Ill-Equipped and Inadequate Operation Theatre in the Government Hospitals, Illequipped Corporation Dispeseries and Health Posts, and Unsafe Hospital Waste Disposal
practice.
Further in MMC are, there are 456 doctors are practising and the doctor ratio with population is
1:2400 and there are 340 Private Hospitals functioning in the city. The total no. of beds are 4280
and the Bed ratio with population is 4:1000.
Further 43 Nos. of Medical Officers and 48 paramedical staffs are working in Madurai
Corporation. For General Sanitation there are 40 Nos. of Sanitary Inspectors and 72 of
Conservancy Inspections and 60 Sanitary Supervisors with 2130 Nos. of Sanitary Workers. The
Health Section is responsible for conservancy, Food quality control, Preventive measures, Birth
and Death Registration, Animal Birth control etc.
As per Birth-Death register maintained by the Corporation, the City registered 19,199 births and 3,191
deaths in 2004, are registered the details of death and birth rates are presented in table 2 below:
Table 6: Basic Health Indicators, 2004

Parameter
Value
Birth Rate
Death Rate
Still Birth Rate
Infant Morality Rate
Maternal Morality Rate
191.
19.3
3.2
5.00
8.90
0.64
ULB assisted Programs and Schemes. The ULB implementing several health
improvement schemes, viz., Malaria Eradication Program, Mother and Child Care
Program, Family Welfare Program, Pulse Polio Program, School Health Program and
Vizhavoli Thettam. Some of the major programs are elaborated below.
(i)
Malaria Eradication Program. There is a separate wing in health department

responsible for Control of Malaria and Mosquito control. There are 2 sub-unit
officers for this program with 4 sanitary inspectors and 60 Sanitary Workers for
ante-mosquito activities. These workers are responsible for spraying insecticides,
throwing of sawdust balls in the water stagnant areas, etc.
(ii)
Mother and Child Care Program. The ULB has set-up several Health Posts and
Maternity homes, giving importance to antenatal and check-up cases, instrumental
delivery and high risk cases. Arrangements have been made to recommend riskidentified cases on priority basis to Government Hospital for advanced treatment.
73
(iii) Vazhavoli Thettam. Apart from the school, health programs that carryout medical
check-up in schools; the Government has implemented the Vazhvoli thittam,
program for health check-up and care for students. About 355 schools are covered
under this program and all the medical officers are involved in this program.
Besides, Cataract detection and treatment, diabetic detection and treatment are also
carried out in co-operation with Government hospitals and Voluntary organization.
2.
Education
192.
Madurai houses government education institutions along with aided and private
institutions. The literacy rate in the city is 87.01 percent and is high in comparison to the
district figure of 77.82 percent.
193.
Education deapartment of the ULB is under the purview of the Corporation Education
Officer. For the ULB operated Schoold, provision of Staff and Services, and maintenance
of School builidings is under the puview of the ULB.
194.
Madurai Corporation maintains 74 schools comprising of Primary, Middle, High School

and Higher Secondary Schools with student strength of 26,562 nos. Of the 73 schools, 4
are operated in rented buildings. The total strength of teaching staffs in the Corporation
schools is 1008 and non-teaching staffs are 188. The ratio between numbers of students
per teacher in State Government run institutions is about one teacher for 26 students
Table 5.25: Growth in Houses and Households.
Type of Schools
Municipal Corporation-run
Nos
Students Enrolled
No of Teachers
Elementary schools
43
8,962
Middle schools
11
5,002
High Schools
11
2,540
Higher Secondary Schools
9
10,058
Total
73
26,562
1008
The Education Department of Madurai Corporation is headed by Corporation Education Officer.

The Corporation Maintain 74 schools of which 9 Higher Secondary Schools, 11 High Schools,
18 Middle Schools and 25 Primary Schools with student strength of 26562. The total strength of
teaching staff 1008 and non-teaching staff 188.
In a phased manner, MMC is taking steps to upgrade the Elementary Schools to Middle School,
Middle Schools to High School & Higher Secondary Schools. Every year the No. of class rooms
are also increased so as to admit more No. of students in the Corporation School.
The Corporation makes the payment of pension bills of the education staff, while the government
treasury handles the salary payments.
The Corporation does good service to urban poor in this Education Sector with latest Syllabi
including Computer Education. There is a proposal to have an Arts and Science College for
Corporation School students shortly.
74
Vi.
1.
Finances of Madurai Corporation
Corporation Fund
195.
Overview. Madurai Corporation maintains a Corporation fund for managing the finances
of the Corporation. The accounts of the Municipal/Corporation fund were maintained on a
cash based single entry system till the FY 1999-2000. The financial status of the
Corporation has been reviewed for the past four years, commencing from the financial
year 2000-01. This section contains a description of the Corporation finances, the sources
and uses of funds, and an assessment of Corporation finances based on important financial
indicators. Currently the urban local bodies of Tamilnadu maintain three separate funds,
namely General Fund (Revenue Fund), Water & Drainage Fund and Education Fund. For
the purpose of this analysis, Education fund has clubbed in to General fund. For further
analysis, the items of each fund are categorized under the following major heads.
196.
Revenue Account: All recurring items of income and expenditure are included under this
head. These include taxes, charges, salaries, maintenance expenditure, debt servicing etc.
197.
Capital Account: Income and expenditure items under this account are primarily nonrecurring in nature. Income items include loans, contributions by GoTN, other agencies
and capital grants under various State and Central Government programs, revenue account
transfer for capital works and income from sale of assets. Expenditure items include
expenses booked under developmental works and purchase of capital assets.
198.
Deposits and Advances: Under the Corporation accounting system, certain items are
compiled under advances and deposits. These items are temporary in nature and are
essentially adjustments for the purpose of recoveries and payments. Items under this head
include library cess, income tax deductions, pension payments, provident fund, payment
and recoveries of advances to employees and contractors, etc.
199.
Financial Status
Figure 6.1: Total Revenue Income and Expenditure Trend
Revenue income of
Corporation has
9,000.00
grown to Rs.
8,000.00
Total7,963.58 Lakh in
7,000.00
Revenue
6,000.00
the FY 2003-04
Income
5,000.00
from Rs. 6,960.50
4,000.00
Lakh in FY 2000Total3,000.00
01, at an annual
Revenue
2,000.00
Expenditure
growth of 4.59
1,000.00
percent. Revenue
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
expenditure
Year
increased at an
average annual rate
of 6.78 percent from Rs. 6,279.35 Lakh to Rs. 7,645.77 Lakh during the assessment
period. The revenue account maintains surplus during the entire assessment period except
during 2001-02 and maintained a maximum surplus of Rs. 2,159.86 Lakh in 2002-03. The
trends for the revenue fund are presented in Table 6.1 Error! Reference source not found..
Amount in Rs. Lakh
2.
75
High revenue income during the FY 02-03 has attributed to transfer of previous years
ULBs share of State Finance Commission Grant (SFC) allocation and Surcharge on stamp
duty. During the FY 01-02 high revenue expenditure incurred due to high debt servicing.
Revenue income and expendiure trend in presented in Figure 6.1.
Table 6.1: Summary of Corporation Fund
Item
2000-01
Revenue Account
Revenue Income
Revenue Expenditure
Surplus/Deficit
Capital Account
Capital Income
Capital Expenditure
Surplus/Deficit
Fiscal Status
Advances & Deposits
Extraordinary Income
Extraordinary Expenditure
Surplus/Deficit
Overall Fiscal Status
Source: Analysis.
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
2003-04
6,960.50
6,279.35
681.15
5,737.83
8,227.57
(2,489.75)
8,412.64
6,252.77
2,159.86
7,963.58
7,645.77
317.81
2,664.34
2,711.83
(47.49)
633.66
3,072.40
1,436.12
1,636.29
(1,401.08)
2,447.85
1,667.93
779.92
2,579.82
4,249.92
3,480.08
769.84
(514.11)
204.63
11.92
192.70
212.84
26.27
1.80
24.47
128.86
37.86
137.30
(99.44)
178.30
18.08
12.62
5.46
112.00
Note: Figures in parentheses indicates a deficit. Capital Income includes revenue account transfer for capital works.
Figure 6.2: Total Capital Income and Expenditure Trend
200.
Capital income
4,000.00
comprises of loans,
3,500.00
Totalgrants and
Capital
3,000.00
contribution in the
Income
2,500.00
form of initial
2,000.00
deposit for water
Total 1,500.00
Capital
supply connections,
1,000.00
Expenditure
sewer connections,
500.00
revenue account
transfer for capital
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
works and sale
Year
proceeds of assets.
Majority of the capital income is in the form of grants and loans. The capital account has
witnessed surplus except during FY 01-02 (refer Figure 6.2), implying loan drawn and
grant received was utilized less for capital works. Fiscal status of revenue account and
capital account status witnessed inconsistent in terms surplus during the entire assessment
period. During the FY 03-04, major share of capital expenditure were incurred from public
works and Roads asset creation.
201.
The following sections present detailed review of revenue and capital accounts, primarily
aimed at assessing the Corporation fiscal status and providing a base for determining the
ability of Corporation to sustain the planned investments.
Amount in Rs. Lakh
4,500.00
3.
Revenue Account
76
202.
203.
The revenue account comprises of two components, revenue income and revenue
expenditure. Revenue income comprises of internal resources in the form of tax and nontax items and external resources in the form of shared taxes/ transfers and revenue grants
from the State Government. Revenue expenditure comprises of expenditure incurred on
establishments, operation & maintenance and debt servicing.
Figure 6.3: Source of Income (2000 to 2004)
Revenue Income. The
revenue sources of
Tax- Own Sources
Corporation can be
Revenue Grants
28%
broadly categorized as
32%
own sources, assigned
revenues and grants. The
source-wise income
generated during the
review period is
The base and basis of
each income source has
Assigned Revenues
been further elaborated in
15%
Non Tax- Own
the following section.
Sources
19%
The revenue income of
Madurai Corporation has
increased from Rs. 5,834.52 Lakh in 2000-01 to Rs. 6869.35 Lakh in 2003-04 at a
nominal Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of about 5.59 percent. The revenue
income has declined from Rs. 7,167.30 Lakh in 2002-03 to Rs. 6,869 Lakh in 2003-04.
During the financial year 2002-03 the Madurai Corporation has received maximum
surcharge on stamp duty to the tune of Rs. 1,245.22 Lakh and State Finance Commission
Grant to the tune of Rs. 2,186.73 Lakh (inconsistent transfer of ULB share), which
attributed to high revenue income during the same period. The sources of revenue income
is presented in Figure 6.3.
Table 6.2: Sources of Revenue Income

Item
2000-01
Own Sources
Tax
Non Tax
Assigned Revenue
Grants
Total (excl. W&D A/C)
Source: Analysis.
1,700.61
1,391.88
753.90
1,988.13
5,834.52
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
1,578.11
1,426.88
344.51
1,250.13
4,599.64
1,921.01
1,336.80
1,519.10
2,390.38
7,167.30
2003-04
1,585.90
1,938.33
1,280.49
2,064.63
6,869.35
77
204.
Own-source income includes income from resource mobilization activities of Corporation

in the form of taxes, income from Corporation properties and markets, building permit fee,
trade licences, income from fees and fines, etc. Own revenue sources are further classified
as tax revenue and non-tax sources that are generated by various sections of the
Corporation. The salient features of the revenue head is detailed below:
(i)
Own Sources/Tax. This item head comprises of income sourced primarily from
property tax (General purpose tax, Lighting tax, Scavenging tax and Education tax
excluding Water and Drainage tax), professional tax and other taxes. The property
tax is the largest revenue-generating item. Own sources of tax income is presented
in Table 6.3. Average income from own sources constituted 53.77 percent of the
total revenue income during the review period and has increased at an average
compounded annual growth rate of 4.45 percent. Tax sources contributed 28.34
percent of the revenue income and non-tax sources contribute 25.44 percent of the
revenue income. Income from Corporation properties, markets and other
remunerative assets witnessed inconsistent in collection performance during the
assessment period.
Table 6.3: Own Sources of Revenue Income

Item
2000-01
Taxes
Property Tax (excl. W&D Tax)
Profession Tax
Other Taxes
Non - Taxes
Income from ULBs Properties
License Income (Trade, etc.)
Income from Fees and Fines
Miscellaneous Income
Source: Analysis.
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
2003-04
1,518.25
146.85
35.51
1,389.88
162.53
25.70
1,630.43
257.29
33.29
1,447.57
115.13
23.20
406.67
127.94
176.85
680.42
3,092.49
466.29
136.60
177.70
646.29
3,005.00
547.79
134.46
218.86
435.69
3,257.82
494.94
136.73
225.39
1,081.28
3,524.23
Property Tax: This is the most important category of own source income to
the Corporation. Madurai Corporation levies a consolidated property tax of
27 percent of the Annual Ratable Value (ARV). During the assessment
period, the numbers of property tax assessments increased at an average
growth rate of 2.24 percent per annum. Property tax current demand,
however has increased at a CAGR of about 0.47 percent during the
assessment period.
Professional Tax: The Corporation also collects professional tax from all
registered organisations, companies or firms, public or private, individuals
and State & Central Government departments. Currently 19,800 assesses
are registered with the Corporation. Based on the demand, the average tax
per professional is about Rs. 422/- per annum.
78
(ii)
Own Sources/Non Tax. This item head comprises of income from Corporation
properties, fees on Corporation services (building permission, etc.), income from
interest on investment and miscellaneous services. On an average, through the
assessment period, own source/non tax income constitutes 23.86 percent of the
total revenue income. Income from remunerative enterprises, income from fees
and fines constitute the major revenue sources under this item head. Income
through non-tax own sources of the Corporation has grown over the assessment
period at a CAGR of about 11.67 percent.
(iii)
Remunerative Enterprises: Income from remunerative enterprises is the nontax income in the form of rentals from assets like shopping complexes,
market fee, parking fee and income from other real assets owned by the
Corporation. Income from the remunerative assets of the Corporation
contributed 8 percent of the revenue income during the assessment period
and registered a CAGR of 6.77 percent. Income from Corporation
properties, markets and other remunerative assets witnessed inconsistent
collection performance during the assessment period. The average revenue
mobilized during the review period under this item head is Rs. 478.92 Lakh.
Rent/leases recovery from the shopping complexes and other assets are low
during the FY 2003-04.
Assigned Revenues. This item head comprises of income from Government of

Tamil Nadu (GoTN)/State transfers of Corporation income collected by the state
line department. Transfers are in the form of Corporations share of taxes levied
and collected by GoTN from establishments/operations within the Corporation
limits. Surcharge on transfer of immovable properties and entertainment tax, are
the major items on which these revenues are realized by Corporation (refer Table
6.4).
Table 6.4: Income from Assigned Revenue

Item
2000-01
Entertainment Tax
Surcharge on Stamp Duty
Other Transfers
Total
Share in total Revenue Income (%)
Growth (%)
Source: Analysis.
281.88
443.11
28.91
753.90
12.92
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
69.79
273.58
274.67
1,245.52
0.05
344.51
1,519.10
7.49
21.19
(54.30)
340.94
2003-04
339.07
896.76
44.66
1,280.49
18.64
(15.71)
Income through assigned revenues contributes around 15.06 percent of revenue

income and it is growing at an average compounded annual growth rate of 19.31
percent during the review period. It is observed (refer Table 6.4) that the inflow
from this account head has been inconsistent due to delays in transfers and
79
deductions at source towards Corporation debt repayment commitments and/ or

other dues payable to GoTN.
(iv)
Entertainment Tax: The Commercial Tax (CT) Department collects

entertainment tax from 38 cinema halls (with a total capacity of 19,500
seats) functioning within Corporation limit. The CT Department transfers 90
percent of the total tax collection to Corporation, and retains 10 percent
towards management charges. Entertainment tax accounts for around 3.78
percent of total revenue income.
Stamp Duty: Surcharge on stamp duty is another assigned revenue source,

accounting for 11 percent of revenue income during the assessment period.
It is levied in the form of a surcharge on stamp duty applicable on all
properties registered or transferred within Corporation limits. The
Registration Department collects and 90 percent of the collections are
transferred to Corporation.
Revenue Grants and Contribution. This item mainly comprises revenue grants and
compensations from the State Government under various heads. The regular grants
include the SFC grants and the others include aid grants, grants for services like
roads, buildings, maternity and child welfare, public health, contributions for
elementary and secondary schools and etc. Grants which are for specific purposes
are ad-hoc in nature. In case of Madurai Corporation, revenue grants and
contributions constitute about 31.17 percent of the total revenue income and have
registered an average annual growth rate of 1.27 percent. SFC Devolution is major
item of grants, which is transferred as part SFC recommendation. The fluctuation
in SFC grant is due to delay and deduction at source.
Table 6.5: Income from Revenue Grants

Item
2000-01
State Finance Commission Grant
1,858.00
Other Grants
130.13
Total
1,988.13
Share in total Revenue Income (%)
34.08
Growth (%)
Source: Madurai Corporation & Analysis.
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
947.87
2,186.73
302.26
203.65
1,250.13
2,390.38
27.18
33.35
(37.12)
91.21
2003-04
1,921.05
143.58
2,064.63
30.06
(13.63)
Figure 6.4: Items of Revenue Expenditure (2000 to 2004)
206.
Revenue Expenditure.
Revenue expenditure of
Corporation has been
analyzed based on
expenditure heads broadly
classified under the following
departments- General
Administration and Tax
collection, Public Works and
Roads, Street Lighting,
Public Health &
Debt Servicing
17%
Establishments
69%
Operation &
Maintenance
14%
80
Conservancy, Town Planning and Miscellaneous Items. Water supply and drainage
revenue expenditure is analysed separately and the same is presented in the following
section. Revenue expenditure is further classified under Establishment, Operation &
Maintenance and Debt Servicing. The details of revenue expendiure is presented in Table
6.6. Item of revenue expenditure is presented in Figure 6.4.
Table 6.6: Sector wise Revenue Expenditure
Item
2000-01
Establishment
4,470.76
Operation & Maintenance
750.08
Debt Servicing
52.52
5,273.36
Growth (%)
(i)
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
4,064.76
4,349.25
533.99
820.90
2,696.64
127.15
7,295.39
5,297.30
38.34
(27.39)
2003-04
3,767.93
1,141.02
1,754.23
6,663.18
25.78
Establishment Expenditure. Establishment expenditure alone accounts for about 80

percent of revenue expenditure, excluding water supply and drainage account.
About 69 percent of the total revenue income is utilised for payment of salaries
excluding water supply and drainage staff salary and other related expenses. Debt
servicing of the Corporation accounts for around 17 percent of the revenue
expenditure was made from general fund during the review period.
For the assessment period, revenue expenditure grew at an average rate of 8.11
percent; while growth in revenue income was only 5.59 percent during the same
period. This indicates that revenue and education fund of Corporation is in deficit.
Further, while expenditure on establishment grown at a negative annual average
rate of 5.54 per cent, expenditure on O&M grew at an average rate of 15.01 percent
per annum indicating that the Operations and maintenance expenditure need to be
controlled. Public health conservancy O&M increased by 1.47 times and street
lighting by 1.44 times during the financial year 2002-03 to 2003-04.
Figure 6.5: Sector Wise Salary Composition (2000 to 2004)
The following table
General
presents sector
Administration
16%
/department wise
Water Supply
Engineering Wing
salary expenditure
20%
0%
incurred during the
Street Lighting
3%
Public Health
assessment period.
0%
Since, the department
wise establishment
Other Departments
8%
expenditure was not
Town Planning
12%
furnished in the
account statement
(consolidated figures
Solid Waste
Mangement
only available in the
41%
2000 series)
consultant were used
the third SFC questionnaires for working out the department wise salary. Over 41
81
percent spent for conservancy staffs salary and around 16 percent for general
administration departments include revenue collection and administration
department salary. Water supply staff salary contributes about 20 percent of the
total expenditure incurred towards establishments.
Table 6.7: Sector wise Salary
Item
2000-01
General Administration
525.21
Engineering Department
13.10
Conservancy
1,270.45
Public Health
14.08
Street Lighting
73.28
Water Supply
665.00
Town Planning
400.28
Other Departments
209.87
Total
3,171.27
Growth (%)
Source: SFC Questionnaire Document
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
512.86
499.34
13.27
13.42
1,460.43
1,220.45
14.53
15.03
84.11
84.89
652.53
652.53
365.16
390.16
266.90
272.21
3,369.79
3,148.03
2003-04
525.21
13.60
1,241.87
15.58
85.59
609.53
398.17
237.73
3,127.28
Establishment expenditure of all sections (excluding water and drainage account)

accounts for an average of 70 percent of revenue expenditure. Though the growth
rate of establishment expenses has fallen the actual results of privatisation efforts
are yet to reflect on accounts. In the coming years, these expenses are expected to
go down due to the reforms taken up by the Corporation. It is necessary that the
Corporation goes ahead with such privatisation initiatives so as to improve upon
and allocate more amounts for the O&M and debt servicing.
(ii)
Operations & Maintenance. Operation and maintenance expenditure of all sections

together accounts for 15 percent of revenue expenditure and had increased at an
average rate of 10.92 percent per annum.
General Administration, Public health & conservancy, Street lighting are the major
expenditure items. O&M expenses are dominated by power charges for street
lighting and that for general administration, while that for the upkeep of roads has
been very minimal. Street lighting sector can be put for privatisation and
implement energy conservation measures to curtail the costs on repairs,
replacements and power charges.
(ii)
Debt Servicing. A review of the outstanding loan statement of Corporation, as on

March 31, 2005, i.e., at the start of the FY 2004-05 reveals that the net outstanding
debt liabilities of Corporation are at Rs. 9838.47 Lakh. Table 6.8 details out the
agency wise outstanding loans.
Table 6.8: Out standing Loan Statement

Item
Government of Tamil Nadu
GoTN + LIC - WS
IUDP - WS
Loan Amount
Outstanding
Amount in Rs. Lakh
1,025.00
1,025.00
937.30
620.31
90.10
90.10
82
TWAD - WB - WS
TUFIDCO - Bridge /Roads
TWAD - HUDCO - WS
WSPF - UGD
Total
Source: Analysis.
5,473.10
1,522.30
466.53
608.73
10,123.06
5,473.10
1,146.09
956.37
527.50
9,838.47
207.
The total amount of loans drawn by the Corporation till date is Rs. 10,123.06 Lakh,
majority of it from TWAD, Government of Tamilnadu and TUFIDCO. It needs mention
that the ratio of outstanding loans to current demand of property tax is about 413.69
percent. The ratio in terms of ARV (estimated at Rs. 6,824) is 0.91; thereby indicating that
the Corporation is capable of leveraging additional debt to finance its projects as this is
below the threshold of 2 to 3 (generally considered by Financial institutions).
208.
Debt servicing accounted for around 14.65 percent of revenue expenditure during the
review period and the DSR (as % of revenue income) is around 17.82 percent, which is
below the threshold level of 25 percent, as considered by financial institutions. The
Corporation has to start to focus upon sustainable debt servicing after having cut down
establishment costs to improve its credit rating and capability towards leveraging
additional debts.
4.
209.
Water Supply and Drainage Account

As mentioned earlier, local bodies in Tamilnadu maintain a separate water supply and
drainage fund. Hence to maintain the consistency and also to assess the cost recovery
aspect, the consultants have analysed the water fund separately. The details are provided in
the following table and the water supply and drainage revenue fund expenditure trend is
plotted on a graph.
Table 6.9: Revenue Account Status of Water Supply and Drainage Fund
Item
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
Revenue Income
Water & Drainage Tax
893.09
817.58
959.08
Water & Drainage Charges
227.90
284.89
263.88
Water Supply & Sanitation Grant
28.00
15.00
Other Income
4.99
7.72
7.38
Total
1,125.98
1,138.19
1,245.34
Revenue Expenditure
Establishments
723.73
729.58
730.16
Electricity Charges
177.70
170.42
180.59
Miscellaneous
61.50
5.00
Debt Servicing- Old
43.06
27.17
44.71
Total
Surplus/Deficit
119.99
206.01
289.87
Source: Analysis.
210.
2003-04
851.51
241.16
1.56
1,094.23
760.47
148.01
74.12
111.64
Salaries of staff directly working in the water supply department are booked under this
head, while salaries of other engineering staff performing administrative functions related
to water supply are booked under the engineering section of general fund. Water and
83
Drainage Account expenditure trend is presented in Figure 6.6. Expenditures incurred

under this account comprised of 76 percent on establishment costs, 18 percent power
charges and other operation & maintenance expenses accounts only 5 percent. No debt
servicing was made during the assessment period.
Figure 6.6: Water & Drainage
AccountAccount
Expenditure
TrendTrend
Water & Sewerage
Expenditure
Staff Salary &
Employee
Related
Expenses
Equipment
Maintenance &
Repairs
800.00
700.00
Amount in Rs. Lakh
600.00
Board
Payment
500.00
Miscellaneous
400.00
300.00
Debt
Servicing- Old
200.00
Administration
Expenses
100.00
Electricity
Charges
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
Year
211.
Major share of water supply income is derived by way of water and drainage taxes, which
account for around 77 percent of water supply and drainage income.
212.
There are a total of 82,369 water supply house service connections as of 2004-05 provided
by the Corporation in the city.
213.
The numbers of House Service Connections stand at 63 percent of the PT assessments.

The unauthorised connections and unassessed properties need to be brought under the user
charges and Corporation tax gambit to effect cost recovery on the investments.
5.
214.
Capital Account
Capital Income. Capital income comprises of loans, grants and own contributions. The
detailed components of capital income are detailed in Table 6.10. An analysis of this
account indicates that grants & contributions have contributed the maximum share of
income under this account. While on an average 51 percent of the capital income is in the
form of grants and contributions like XIIth Finance Commission grants for public works
and roads, about 30 percent from revenue account transfer for capital works and 19
percent is in the form of loans from various agencies. New loans were acquired during the
assessment period for public works and roads.
84
Table 6.10: Status of Capital Account - General

Item
2000-01
Capital Income
Capital Loans
Capital Grants and Contribution
Own Sources
Total (excl. W & D a/c)
Capital Expenditure
General
Public Works and Roads
Street Lighting
Public Health & Conservancy
Education
Total
Surplus/Deficits (excl. W &D a/c)
Source: Analysis.
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
2003-04
712.70
1,227.61
0.14
1,940.45
2,158.94
549.39
2,708.33
277.44
359.99
637.43
1,522.30
591.03
1,602.67
3,716.00
36.96
2,007.34
14.12
1.47
2,059.89
(119.44)
161.27
827.16
7.95
31.34
1,027.73
1,680.61
7.08
661.04
18.27
3.20
689.59
(52.16)
300.77
2,026.10
30.60
1.03
2,358.50
1,357.50
215.
Capital Expenditure. The majority of capital expenditure has been directed towards public
works and roads, general purpose includes all item of works excluding water supply and
drainage and roads over the past four years, this is due to fact TNUDF/TUFIDCO had
funded most of the Corporation for roads during the assessment period.
216.
Analysis of capital income and capital expenditure notes that the account was in surplus
during the FY 03-04, indicating lesser utilisation of allocated funds or just start of
utilisation of allocated funds.
217.
Water supply and drainage capital account status is detailed in Table 6.11. Capital income
is mainly from water supply and UGD loans and capital grants for water and drainage
grant for ongoing UGD works. Capital account net status is inconsistent during assessment
period.
Table 6.11: Status of Water Supply and Drainage Capital Account
Item
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
Amount in Rs. Lakh
Capital Income
Capital Loans
325.00
1,750.00
Capital Grants and Contribution
601.90
34.01
36.54
Own Sources
121.99
5.06
23.88
Total
723.89
364.07
1,810.42
Capital Expenditure
Water supply
55.55
167.51
453.32
Drainage &Sanitation
596.39
240.88
525.02
Total
651.94
408.39
978.34
Surplus/Deficits
71.95
(44.32)
832.08
Source: Analysis.
2003-04
95.11
438.81
533.92
1,121.58
1,121.58
(587.66)
85
6.
Assets and Liabilities
218.
Current assets and liabilities of Madurai Corporation include monies due to Corporation
from debtors and monies due from Corporation to creditors, respectively. Table 6.12
presents a summary of the current assets and liabilities of Madurai Corporation.
219.
The current assets include outstanding arrears in property tax, water charges and
profession tax and lease rental (non tax items) dues. The total current assets due to
Corporation are Rs. 4,091.06 lakh.
220.
Current liabilities include the payment of power charges due to TNEB, Salaries Payable,
PF and other contribution due, tax /cess payable to government, other payables and
deposits. The net liability of Madurai Corporation is Rs. 345.12 lakh. The current ratio is
the ratio of total current assets to total current liabilities, which is used to measure short
term liquidity of a ULB. The idea behind measuring this ratio is to assess whether the
ULB has enough liquid assts to pay off its current obligations when they fall due.
Intuitively one would expect that this ratio should be over 1. In case of Madurai
Corporation, the current ratio is 11.85 and hence ULB has comfortable current ratio.
However, property tax current and arrear recoverable amount itself Rs. 2,887 Lakh, it is
almost 36 percent of the total revenue income of the Corporation (2003-04). This needs to
be addressed immediately and better collection performance will improve the financial
status of the corporation.
Table 6.12: Summary of Current Assets and Liabilities status
Description
A. Current Assets
Property Tax Recoverable
Profession Tax Recoverable
Water Charges Recoverable
License/Lease/Rental/other Recoverable
Other Recoverable
Cash on Hand /Bank
Total Current Assets
B. Current Liabilities
Salaries Payable
PF and Other Contribution
TNEB
Library Cess Payable
Other Payables
Recoveries from Staff
Deposits
Total Current Liabilities
Net Status
7.
221.
Amount (Rs. Lakh)

2,887.04
229.39
173.50
136.31
402.41
262.41
4,091.06
1.21
42.00
12.00
161.04
62.80
66.07
345.12
3,745.94
Key Financial Indicators and Issues

A set of key financial indicators has been derived using the financial data procured from
86
the Corporation for the assessment period. Table 6.13 presents these indicators. These
indicators are used to assess the Corporation performance with regards resource
mobilization, fund utilization, financial performance and collection efficiencies.
Table 6.13: Key Financial Indicators
Indicators
A Resource Mobilisation
1 Per Capita Income
2 Sources of Funds
a Share of Own Sources in Total Revenue Income (RI)
b Share of Property Tax in Total Revenue Income
c Share of Revenue Grants & Subsidies in Total RI
3 Growth in Revenue Income
4 Growth in Own Sources of Revenue Income
5 Per Capita Own Income
B Fund Application
1 Per Capita Expenditure
2 Uses of Funds
a Share of Establishment Expenditure in Total RE
b Share of O&M Expenditure in Total Revenue Expenditure
c Share of Establishment Expenditure to Total RI
3 Growth in Establishment Expenditure
4 Growth in O&M Expenditure
5 Growth in Total Revenue Expenditure
C Liability Management
1 Per Capita Liability (2004-05 estimated)
a Outstanding Debt per Capita
b Outstanding Non-Debt Liability per Capita
c Total Outstanding Liability per Capita
As a Proportion of Property Tax Current Demand (2003-04
2 estimated)
a Outstanding Debt as % of P.T Demand
b Outstanding Non-Debt Liability as % of P.T Demand
c Total Outstanding Liability as % of P.T Demand
As a Proportion of Property Tax Own Revenue Income (20033 04 estimated)
a Outstanding Debt as % of Own Revenue Sources
b O/s Non-Debt Liability as % of Own Revenue Sources
c Total O/s Liability as % of Own Revenue Sources
4 Non-Debt Liability as % of Total Liability
5 Debt Servicing Ratio (D.S/ Revenue Income)
D Performance Indicators
1 Operating Ratio
2 Growth in Per Capita Own Income
3 Growth in Per Capita Grant
Value
Unit
555
Rs. p.a
60.92
33.19
26.34
4.59
2.38
246
%
%
%
% p.a
%
Rs. P.a
544
Rs. p.a
70.36
14.99
67.40
(3.15)
10.92
9.77
%
%
%
%
%
% p.a
709
350
1,059
Rs.
Rs.
Rs.
413.69
204.23
617.92
%
%
%
213.02
105.17
318.19
33.05
17.82
%
%
%
%
%
1.01
0.81
(2.26)
Ratio
% p.a
% p.a
87
4
5
6
7
8
E
1
Indicators
Growth in Per Capita Total Revenue Income
Growth in Per Capita Establishment Expenditure
Growth in Per Capita O&M Expenditure
Growth in Per Capita Revenue Expenditure
Capital Utilisation Ratio
Efficiency Indicators
Tax Collection Performance
a Property Tax
b Water Charges
c Sewer Charges
d Profession Tax
2 No. of P.T Assessments per Tax Collection Staff

3 Property Tax Demand per Assessment
4 No. of Corporation Staff per 1000 Population
5 Annual Revenue (Own Source) per Corporation Staff
6 Population per Residential P.T Assessment
Source: Analysis.
Value
0.94
(7.80)
5.88
3.06
2.43
Unit
% p.a
% p.a
% p.a
% p.a
Ratio
70
80
78
39
1467
1857
3.11
8.18
12.84
%
%
%
%
Nos.
Rs. p.a
Nos.
Rs. Lakh p.a
Persons
222.
Resource Mobilization Indicators. These indicators summarize the performance of the

Corporation with regards sources of funds. Madurai Corporation derives about 60.92
percent of its revenue income from own sources, while grants account for just about 26.34
percent of the revenue income.
223.
Fund Application Indicators. These indicators are a measure to ascertain the utilization
from the Corporation fund. Around 70 percent of the revenue expenditure is spent on
establishment heads, only about 15 percent for O&M of Corporation assets and services.
Leaving only 15 percent utilized for debt servicing. Establishment expenditure accounts
for about 67.40 percent of the total revenue generated by the Corporation.
224.
Liability Management Indicators. These indicators are a measure to ascertain the

utilization from the Corporation fund regards to debt servicing. The ratio of debt servicing
to revenue income is 17.82 percent during the assessment period. The percapita average
outstanding debt works out to 709 rupees and percapita non debt liability is 350 rupees.
Out standing debt to property demand is around 413 percent and non debt liability is 204
percent times the property tax demand for the current year.
225.
Overall Financial Performance Indicators. These indicators are a measure to assess the
overall financial performance of the Corporation with regards operational performance and
effective growth in revenue income and expenditure. The average operating ratio during
the assessment period was vulnerable at 1.01 and the capital utilization ratio was high at
2.43 indicating higher utilization of revenue account fund in asset creation. The indicators
of growth in per capita income and expenditure item heads indicate the effective growth,
giving a performance measure relative to the growing population. Madurai Corporation
has demonstrated only 0.94 percent annual growth in per capita revenue income during the
assessment period, while the per capita revenue expenditure has grown at a significantly
higher 3.06 percent during the corresponding period. Which indicates that as population
increases revenue fund will be in deficit, so there is a need for controlling revenue
88
expenditure.
226.
Efficiency Indicators. These indicators are essentially a measure to assess Corporation

efficiency with regards revenue base coverage and realization. Madurai Corporation has
maintained an average collection performance with regard to property tax and water
charges. The average no of persons per residential assessment is at 12.84 indicates that the
property tax base has lesser coverage.
227.
Key issues and conclusions are based on the review and assessment Corporation finances
and discussions with relevant Corporation officials.
(i)
Maintenance and Reporting of Accounts. The State Government deducts debt due
by the Urban Local Body and then transfers funds (SFC devolution) the Urban
Local Body records do not capture such apportionment. ULBs do not maintain
department/sector wise salary expenditure as mentioned in the ULBs Accounting
Manual.
(ii)
Revenue Realization. Taxes and charges are major own sources of revenue
income. Being more dynamic in nature and within the control of the Urabn Local
Body, these revenue incomes have potential to contribute more to the Corporation
fund. Besides low tax rates and charges levied, the actual demand itself is not
established. Key issues regarding the above comprise:
(iii)
Low water supply and drainage coverage witnessed there are chances of illegal
or unauthorized connections in the city;
Financial transaction trends not commensurate with population growth trends,
resulting in reduction in per capita expenditure levels;
Fund Application. Key issues regarding application from the Corporation fund
comprise:
About 70 percent of the total expenditure is on establishment-related heads,

leaving relatively lower amounts for expenditure on operation and maintenance
of services.
As per the Double Entry accounting system corporation contribution to capital works has been
arrived by debit the Revenue Account as Revenue Expenditure and the same amount has been
credited in the Capital Account and taken as Capital Income.
During the year 2003 04 Revenue and Water Supply Account Surplus amount of Rs. 317.81 lakhs
and Rs. 111.64 lakhs have been arrived after debiting of Corporation Contribution of Capital works of
Rs. 1602.67 lakhs and Rs. 438.81 lakhs respectively.
There was a huge deficit during the year 2001 02 has been arrived due to Heavy Short fall in the
Government Grants. Further, the cash flow charts are enclosed for perusal.
89
VII.
Urban basic services for poor
A.
Overview
228.
Owing to rapid urbanization in and around the town, large influx of the migrants has been
observed, which has resulted in formation of slums. The town presents a wide range of
activities in various Institutional, Commercial and Tourism sectors. Growth in such
activities, possibilities of absorption in various service sectors, scope of employment in
trade and business activities, hawking, retailing, carting etc. could have attracted rural poor
to the town.
229.
The Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB) is the responsible authority for notifying
and providing clearences to the Slums. The ULB is responsible agency for provision of
Services to the urban poor residing in slums and within municipal limits.
230.
As per Census 2001 and Data available from the ULB, Madurai City consists of 208
slums, out of which 64 slums are notified (refer Figure 7.1). ULB figures for Slum
Population indicates that approximately 60,257 households reside in the Slums
accomodating 3.03 lakh population. Discussions have indicated that presently more Slums
have been notified, thus takin the tally to approximately 80 notified slums (refer Table
7.1), although slum listing for the same is not available.
231.
Madurai city, being an important trade and commerce centre in southern districts and
famous for its heritage values, attracts many migrants from rural areas resulting in
proliferation of illegal slums and squatter settlements. Most of these slums are located
along the riverbanks and adjacent to transport corridors, encroaching both private and
municipal land. 85 percent of the slums in the city are on Government land and 9.2 percent
of corporation area.
232.
Most of the Notified Slums are provided with basic services and amenities. The major
problem area in Slums is inadequate provision of Drains and Sanitation facilities.
Table 7.1: Slum Population and Households, 2001.
Wards
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Nos. of slums
Nos.
2
2
2
8
3
1
2
1
1
1
-
Notified Slums
Households Population
Nos.
Nos.
662
3261
155
774
1,480
7,397
2,236
11,184
1,131
5,567
509
2,847
502
2,510
837
4,185
603
3,017
591
2,955
-
Non Notified Slums

Nos. of slums Households Population
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
4
2031
10,153
1
520
2,600
1
89
445
1
110
550
2
432
2,158
1
128
643
2
220
1,103
8
1,420
7,085
3
709
3,545
4
1,695
8,475
1
150
750
3
557
2,785
11
1,377
6,884
90
Wards
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
48
49
50
51
53
55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
Total
Nos. of slums
Nos.
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
3
64
Notified Slums
Households Population
Nos.
Nos.
100
500
1496
7483
1,993
9,966
812
4,058
110
550
429
2,145
556
2,780
204
1,020
340
1,700
468
2,340
198
991
217
1,085
560
2,800
437
2,185
216
1,080
1,397
6,988
1,263
6,313
297
1,488
1,733
8,668
385
1,928
585
2,923
760
3,802
348
1,742
123
614
563
2,817
227
1,134
567
2,836
25,090
125,633
Non Notified Slums

Nos. of slums Households Population
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1
446
2,230
1
100
500
4
711
3,557
3
927
4,638
1
725
3,623
2
664
3,319
1
204
1,019
2
335
1,678
2
1,003
5,015
2
851
4,255
2
831
4,153
1
100
500
3
1,302
6,510
3
360
1,800
2
1,588
7,940
1
139
696
2
440
2,202
3
643
3,215
3
978
4,901
1
61
305
3
244
1,220
1
102
512
4
733
3,667
2
811
4,355
2
336
1,679
2
212
1,061
1
413
2064
1
409
2,044
1
576
2,880
3
696
3,481
1
60
300
1
419
2,097
1
171
854
6
828
5,493
3
725
3,624
1
384
1,920
1
963
4,818
1
963
4,818
1
437
2,185
2
388
1,940
1
420
2,100
8
1,185
5,927
5
572
2,864
9
1,174
5,873
1
100
500
144
35,167
177,508
Figure 7.1: Map showing Location of slums in Madurai City
91
233.
Demographic data available on Slums indicates that slum population as a percentage share
of Ward Population varies from a maximum of 69 percent in Ward 31 to 3 percent in
Ward 39 and Ward 36. Although of the 208 Slums, maximum numbers of Slums are
located in Ward 15 (11 Slum Areas) and Ward 69 (12 Slum Areas).
Figure 7.2: Percentage Slum Population (at Ward Level)
Percent Slum Population
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71
Ward Nos.
B.
Service Provision in Slums
234.
Housing. Hosing condition in Hospet slums found very poor. A large proportion of
households were found staying in kutcha houses and remaining households stay in pucca
houses, where, percentage of households staying in R.C.C. is very less. Majority of
households reside in houses with built area less than 100 Sq. ft. It was noticed that
residential status of most of the Unapproved Slum households was temporary, where
settlement have developed within the last 10 years due to gtowing migration in the City.
235.
Infrastructure Services. Slums in Madurai lack proper infrastructure facilities, as like any
other slum in the country. As per the discussion with the ULB officials, the overall view
about the existing infrastructure in the slums is understood and presented below. To
improve the condition of slums and to make slum dwellers self-dependent, government is
initiating various programs, which has been described in the following section.
(i)
Water Supply. The main source of water supply in slums is met through hand pumps
and public stand posts (PSPs). The local body has provided 2,548 units of Water
Taps/Hand pumps/PSPs covering all the slums (951 PSPs in Approved Slums and
1,597 PSPs in Unapproved Slums). The slums at Gandhipuram - Pandian Nagar,
and Ramavarman Nagar have maximum number of water outlets with
approximately 70 numbers serving about 7000 population and 4000 population
respectively. Dependency on the Stand Posts is high, varies between a very high of
approximately 1000 persons per PSP to a low of approximately 20 persons per PSP
in Approved Slums. Average dependency is approximately 120 persons per PSP
against the standard norm of 75 persons per hand pumps or PSPs.
(ii)
Sewerage and Sanitation. UGD facility is not present. Safe sanitation facilities
comprise of public conveniences and ISPs. Public toilets are provided in 28 of 64
Approved Slums and 46 of 144 Unapproved Slums. The population in other slums
92
use nearby either public toilets and urinals, or resort to open defecation on vacant
lands, which is a cause of serious health concern. Dependency on Public
Convenience Seat and Urinals are very high, on an average each: Public
Convenience Seat serves approximately 300 persons and each Urinal serves
approximately 200 persons, against prescribed norms of 30 to 50 persons per Public
Convenience Seat / Urinal.
(iii) Solid Waste Management. As per the discussions with the ULB officials, it was
indicated that there are no designation Solid Waste Collection Points or Waste Bins
provided in Slums. As a result, in most of the slums, the waste is disposed in nearby
vacant areas creating unhygienic conditions.
(iv)
Roads. The ULB has provided about 109 km of surfaced roads. The per capita road
maintained by the ULB in slums works out to be 0.36 m that is less than the total
roads maintained by the ULB on town level. Considering the prescribed standards
for per capita road length of 0.25 m for slums below 1000 populations and 0.51 m
for slums above 1000 population respectively, indicates a surplus in road demand
for Slums.
(v)
Storm Water Drains. As per discussions with ULB officials, it was indicated that
Slums in Madurai city are not provided with pucca Storm water drains. Although,
there are kutcha drains, which were often noticed to damaged or clogged due to
solid waste dumping. Hence, there is a demand for new formation of drains along
existing roads and new roads.
(vi)
Street Lights. The ULB has provided approximately 990 numbers of streetlights in
slums. Overall, the streetlight spacing in Madurai is approximately 28 m, and that in
the Slums is noticed to be far higher. It is noticed that several road junctions and
street stretches are poorly lit, and some of the slums are devoid of any facilities for
Street Lighting.
Key Indicators and Issues
236.
The following are a set of indicators, for which the current situation and the desired values
are presented. The desired values can be used as benchmarks by the municipality to check
its performance annually/ periodically and set targets for itself to be achieved in the next
financial year. This will also aid in preparation of the Annual CDP Progress Reports by the
Corporation. The details of performance indicators are furnished in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2: Performance Indicators for Slums
Indicator
Slum population as % to Total Town Population
Household size in Slums (Persons per HH)
Distribution Network Reach (against Road length in
slums) in Slums
Slum Population per Public Stand Post/ Hand Pumps
Slum Population per Seat of Public Convenience/ ISP
Complex
Road Length (Per Capita Road Length)
Source: Analysis
Current Situation
27.35%
5.03
80%
Benchmark
< 10.0 %
> 100.0 %
119 Persons
301 Persons
75 Persons
60 Persons
0.36
0.25 to 0.51
93
237.
Issues.
(i)
Slums in Madurai are densely populated, and are poorly served with infrastructure
facilities.
(ii) Poor water supply and sanitation facilities in the Slums of Madurai are major cause
of concern. The Slums are inadequately provided with Public convenience Seats,
and the existing facilities are in dilapidated conditions. Hence, the slum population
resorts to open defecation are majority of the locations.
(iii) Slums are provided with inadequate waste collection bins, thus resulting in dumping
of garbage on road-side and in the drains.
(iv) The survey to identify Below Poverty Line families by the Community Organizers
(COs) themselves has not been successful. The Below Poverty Line eligibility
criterion declared by the Government is not reasonably established through the
survey. This could be one of the main reasons for Madurai having high BPL
population.
C.
1.
Poverty Alleviation and Community Development

Policies, Targets and Programs
238.
This section reviews programs that address service delivery to the poor in Madurai. A
review of Slum Improvement Programs indicates that by improving basic infrastructure
and access to municipal services, there is a significant impact on the quality of life of slum
residents. To alleviate the problems of slum dwellers and to reduce urban poverty, a
number of programs initiated and has been implemented by the local body with assistance
from state and central government.
239.
Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board along with ULB has implemented many slum
improvement programs till date. Provision of Shelter, provision of service connections,
standposts, provision of public toilets, and provision of electricity and provision of
employment was reported as major focus areas. Currently, all the recognized slums in the
city have been provided with infrastructure improvement under several schemes of
TNSCB Scheme covering approximately 30,000 families. Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance
Board (TNSCB) is the supreme authority for its planning, implementation and monitoring.
2.
240.
Slum Improvement Schemes

Major slum improvement programs are being implemented in Madurai viz., National Slum
Development Program (NSDP), Swarna Jayanti Shehari Rojgar Yojna (SJSRY), Slum
Improvement Schemes under TNUDP loan, and Accelerated Slum Improvement Scheme.
Swarna Jayanti Shehari Rojgar Yojna (SJSRY)

241.
Swarna Jayanti Shehari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY) is central and state government sponsored
scheme started in Madurai. The main programs in this scheme are:
94
(i)
Development of Women and Children in Urban Areas (DWCUA). This scheme is

distinguished by the special incentive extended to urban poor women who decide to
set up self-employment ventures as a group as opposed to individual effort. Groups
of poor women shall take up an economic activity suited to their skill, training,
aptitude and local conditions. Besides generations of income, their group shall strive
to empower the urban poor women by making them independent as also providing a
facilitation atmosphere for self-employment.
Under this program, groups of women devise a project plan. A successful plan will
receive a subsidy from the government and a loan from an area bank branch. To be
eligible for subsidy under this scheme, the DWCUA group should consist of at least
10 urban poor women. The loan is 45 percent of the project cost (maximum), the
subsidy is 50 percent (maximum), and the remaining 5 percent are borne by the
group. The maximum project size supported is Rs. 2,50,000.
(ii)
Thrift & Credit Societies. This program brings together 10-20 women from Below
Poverty Line families to carry out saving and lending activities. The government
gives a lump sum grant to the group after it has been functioning for one full year.
The grant is determined at the rate of Rs. 1,000 per member and is to be used as a
revolving fund.
(iii) Urban Skill Training. This component sponsors skill development in a variety of
service and manufacturing trades as well as in local skills and local crafts. After
being trained, beneficiaries should be able to set up self-employment ventures or
secure salaried employment with enhanced remuneration. Training institutions such
as ITIs/ Polytechnics/ Shramik Vidyapeeths/ Engineering Colleges and other
suitable training institution run by Government, private, or voluntary organizations
may be utilized and provided support for this purpose (but they must be registered
with the concerned government department). Training includes computer skills,
beautician skills, car driving, screen printing, doll making, tailoring, TV & radio
repair, electrical equipment repair, candle-making, detergent and soap-making and
book binding. Training is limited to an expense of Rs. 2,000 per student, including a
Rs. 300 stipend. For trainees successfully completing their courses, the scheme can
provide up to Rs. 600 for a toolkit. Some institutes place candidates in jobs.
(iv)
Urban Wage Employment Program (UWEP). This program seeks to provide wage
employment to beneficiaries living below the poverty line within the jurisdiction of
urban local bodies by utilizing their labor for construction of socially and
economically useful public assets. Under this program, there is no restriction on
educational qualification. The material labor ratio for works under this program is to
be maintained at 60:40. The prevailing minimum wage rate, as notified from time to
time for each area, has to be paid to beneficiaries under this program.
(v)
Urban Self-Employment Program (USEP). Under this program, individuals (men or

women) devise an income generation project plan and apply for a loan. A successful
plan will receive a subsidy from the government and a loan from an area bank
branch. The loan is 80 percent of the project cost (maximum), the subsidy is 15
percent (maximum), and the remaining 5 percent are borne by the individual. The
maximum project size supported is Rs. 50,000 per individual.
95
(vi)
Community Structure Component (CSC). This component provides a budget for

working with other government agencies and departments to address needs of the
eligible population beyond jobs and income.
National Slum Development Program (NSDP)

242.
Under this program, the central and state government provide 50 percent of the project
cost while the local body has to bear the remaining 50 percent. The works are finalised by
the decision of the council. They are inspected by the RD. through the Regional Engineer.
Special Priority is given to the following:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
Improvement of Drinking Water Supply System

Laying/Relaying of Roads
Provision of Street Lights
Drainage Facilities
Improvement and New Public Conveniences with Water Supply
Welfare (education, etc.); and
Shelter Upgradation (Individual Water Connections)
Tenement Scheme
243.
TNSCB has taken-up construction of blocks for slum dwellers under the Environmental
Improvement fund. Under this scheme a fireproof tenement of size 10x10 ft. will be
constructed by TNSCB outside the limits of Corporation, with off-site infrastructure
facilities. Corporation is also involved in various community development activities in
slums.
244.
The schemes so far implemented by TNSCB at Madurai are indicated in the Table 7.3.
Table 7.3: Slum Improvement Schemes
Scheme
Slum Clearance Scheme (Tenement scheme)
Slum Improvement Scheme
( Under TNUDP)
Cash Loan Scheme
Nehru Rojgar Yojana Scheme
Accelerated Slum Improvement Scheme
Shelter for shelter-less
M.H. ASIS
M.H. HIG
Total
Source: TNSCB, Madurai.
Beneficiaries
No. of Families
300
7,172
Estimated Cost
Rs. Lakh
93.14
187.16
849
1,257
10,778
2,010
59.71
63.17
107.30
185.73
9.76
103.72
809.69
6,915
29,281
96
VIII. INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE PROVISION
A.
Rationale, Need and Demand
245.
Infrastructure Assessement of the ULB indicates inadequate Service levels, for present
scenario which will further enhance given the future growth, (i) Per Capita supply works
out to be a low 60 lpcd, for summer season based on Popoulation figures for 2004, which
is not ensured on continual basis. Due to this, supply position within the Corporation is
unpredictable and ranges from Once in Three days to Once in Five days, depending on the
Season; Water Connection Covergae as a proportion of Property Tax Assessments is a low
62 percent; (ii) Project for UGD coverage of unsewered areas in in progress, although
severe capacity constraint in sewage treatment is noticed which need to be addressed on
Priority basis; Sewer Connection Coverage as a proportion of Property Tax Assessment is
a miminal 35 percent, although the sewage generation is very high thus indicating a
possibility of high numbers of illegal connections; (iii) ULB lacks scientific municipal
solid waste treatment and disposal system catering to the waste collected; (iv) Surfaced
roads within the ULB is approximately 74 percent; missing links, network deficiency and
lack of traffic management systems causes congestion within the ULB area and reduces
the Carrying Capacity of the roads; (v) Drainage network of the town covers only 27
percent of the Road Length; which has been indicated as one of the major causes of
flooding and water logging. The abysmal levels of Service therefore provide a strong basis
and need for the Project.
(i)
246.
The ULB should increase the level of coverage of all facilities, to meet the service norms
based on State Norms (Second State Finance Coimmission norms), CPHEEO Norms,
UDPFI Norms or other applicable criteria. Based on this, considering the current deficits
and the future requirements for the ULB, strategies and action plan are suggested.
(ii)
247.
Approach and Design Criteria.
Component Selection Criteria.
The total investment in the ULB depends on several parameters like, the level of current
basic needs, the citys affordability, and the assessed implementation capacity of the city
or its agencies. Overall, project component selection is majorly influenced by affordability
and implementation capacity. In the interest of integrated city development, another
criterion considered in project component selection has been to ensure inter-sector
linkages and optimization. For instance, water supply, sanitation and sewerage have been
seen as a composite sector and not in isolation from each other.
(iii) Least Cost Solutions and Component Selection.
248.
In formulating project components, the preferred option was developed based on least cost
options, taking into account meeting service delivery targets, and whole-life costs,
including considerations on achievable operation and maintenance arrangements, given
available resources in terms of skills and facilities. Based on the considerations and
97
screening referred to in the preceding section, priority components were selected and
scrutinized and their financial, social and environmental impacts assessed to verify
acceptability.
1.
249.
Water Supply
Goals and Service Outcomes. The goals and service outcomes based on the proposed
strategy for the horizon period is presented in Table 8.1.
Table 8.1: Goals and Service Outcomes Water Supply
S.No
Goal
2011
2016
1
Network cover for general
100%
100%
households
2
Network cover for Slum
100%
100%
households
3
Per Capita Supply
110 lpcd
110 lpcd
4
24 / 7 Water Supply
50%
80%
5
Quality of Water
Safe & Good
Safe & Good
6
Non Revenue Water
25%
20%
7
Cost Recovery (percent of
100%
100%
O&M)
2026
100%
100%
110 lpcd
100%
Safe & Good
15%
100%
250.
Considering the current deficits and the future requirements for water supply, the
following strategies and action plan are suggested. For the provision of water supply the
ULB should facilitate creation of capital assets so as to meet the future requirements.
251.
Design Criteria. The ULB should increase the supply levels in terms of coverage, to
achieve an average gross supply of 110 lpcd and to cater to 100 percent of the population.
Assuming that distribution network is extended to more than 95 percent of the Roads
within ULB area, given very high population density within the ULB, all the citizens will
enjoy the required supply.
252.
Water Demand 6. The total demand at the source in 2011 for a supply of 110 lpcd is about
141 MLD indicating a deficit of 73 MLD for year 2011 population. Considering the
availability at source the per capita levels have been maximised to 110 lpcd (as per Second
State Finance Coimmission norm) against the requirements and the demand for the future
is assessed. Considering the increase in population, losses in distribution and transmission,
the total demand at source by 2026 is estimated as 170 MLD. The details of service levels
for future is presented in Table 8.2.
Water Supply to Madurai Corporation Improvement Works and System Improvement, Phase I and Phase II,
under TNUDF.
98
Table 8.2: Design Criteria and Target Service Level

Description
Population
Per capita
Collection System Demand
Treatment Capacity Demand
Total demand
253.
Unit
In Lakh
lpcd
Percent of Road Length
Percent of Generation
MLD
Based on Norms
2026
15.42
110
90
100
169.57
The total water demand and net surplus or deficit for the ULB estimated for Base year
(2005) and Ultimate Stage (2026) on standard water consumption rate of 110 lpcd.
Projection of future population for this water supply improvement project has been
synchronized with the projection performed by the CMWSSB for the UGD scheme, to
maintain uniformity.
Table 8.3: Water Demand Madurai Corporation
Description
Estimated Water Demand
Availability
Surplus/
Population
(MLD)
Deficit
In Lakh
@ 110 lpcd
MLD
MLD
Base Stage (2005)
11.08
121.96
83.00*
(38.96)
Normal Season
Base Stage (2005)
11.08
121.96
68.00*
(53.96)
Summer Season
Ultimate Stage
15.42
169.57
68.00**
(101.57)
Normal and Summer
Season
* - Present Availability Consideration 68.00 MLD from Vaigai Dam and 18 MLD from
Infiltration Galleries.
** - 68 MLD considered for year round availability.
Figures in ( ), indicates deficit.
Source: Water Supply to Madurai Corporation Improvement Works and System
Improvement, TNUDP II.
254.
Zone-wise demand ananlysis, for 2004, indicates that South Zone will face shortage of
water during Normal seasons and higher shortage during summer season due to diversion
of water to North Zone.
255.
Sector Approach. Considering the above requirements, capital investments in water supply
have to be planned to address issues focussing upon; (i) Augmentation of Source to meet
the Per Capita Demand of Water.(ii) Increase in the storage and distribution of existing
facilities to meet growing demand; (ii) Rehabilitation of existing facilities to avoid the
higher costs of deferred maintenance;
256.
Operation & Maintenance Plan. Adoption of an O&M Plan and Schedule, including
options of using the private sector for O&M (e.g. management contract).
257.
Asset Management Plan. To address the condition assessment and the performance of the
water supply assets, it is recommended that an asset management plan be prepared for the
99
assets of water supply in Madurai City.

269.
Unaccounted for Water. Madurai Corporation shall extend the current leak detection
studies to ascertain the volume of unaccounted for water. This to an extent, if corrected
properly, would help corporation realise more water, which can be ploughed back into the
system.
258.
Water Management Plan. Adoption of comprehensive strategy for Water Management,

through leak detection, checking of Unaccounted-for-water and Strategy for Use of
Recycled water for Non-potable use, based on a Pilot Study for the ULB.
259.
Mapping & GIS: To address the issue of system rehabilitation, mapping and establishing a
GIS system is pertinent to detail out system location, characteristics, age and condition.
This would enable identifying dilapidated sections of the network and those that require
replacement.
260.
24/7 Water supply: Study on the feasibility of introducing water supply 24 / 7 can be
conducted on a pilot basis.
261.
Tariff Revision. Future capital investments on system up-gradation being imminent, the
tariff structure shall be revised from time to time to enable cost recovery and to service the
additional debt from the capital investments.
262.
Performance Monitoring. It is important to monitor certain key indicators to assess the

performance of the system and also to ensure sustainability of the operations.
263.
Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building. Recruitment of trained engineering

personnel for management of waterworks is an important issue confronting the ULB and
as well of more importance is to keep them technically updated. It is necessary that
periodic training be imparted to the operations staff of the ULB. Such training facilities are
available along with training manuals at the TWAD Board and CMWSSB office. The
availability of Madurai Theyagaraja University within the vicinity should hence reduce the
burden on the municipality which can be consulted for training sessions.
264.
Strategy and Time Frame: The strategies to achieve the abovementioned goals and the
proposed time frame is presented in Table 8.4.
Table 8.4: Strategies and Time Frame Water Supply
S.No
Strategy
2006 2007 2008
1
Asset Management Plan
2
Leak detection plan
3
Mapping & GIS
4
Piloting 24/7 water supply
5
Source Augmentation
6
Network coverage for general
households
7
Network Converge for Slum
Households
* Detailed Project Report already prepared
2009
2010
2012
2013
100
2.
265.

Table 8.5: Goals and Service Outcomes - Sewerage
S.No
Goal
2011
1
Network cover for general
90%
households
2
Network cover for Slum
60%
households
3
Treatment and Disposal
100%
4
Recycling and Reuse
15%
5
Cost Recovery (percent of
85%
O&M)
2016
100%
2026
100%
100%
100%
100%
40%
100%
100%
60%
100%
266.
Considering the current deficiencies and the future requirements for the Sector, the
following strategies and action plan is suggested. For the provision of UGD, the ULB is
under the process of facilitation for creation of Capital Assets, so as to meet the future
requirements.
267.
Design Criteria. The ULB should increase the Service levels in terms of coverage, to
achieve gross population coverage of 100 percent through protected Sewerage and
Sanitation System with disposal facilities. Assuming that the Collection system is
extended to more than 100 percent of the Road Length, it estimated that approximately 90
to 95 percent of the population will be covered under safe sewer system.
268.
Sewage Generation Demand. The total Sewage Generation in 2011 for a water supply of
110 lpcd is approximately 141 MLD indicating a Treatment Capacity Deficit of 42 MLD
for year 2011 population. Since, the Water Supply availability at source is ample, the
Sewage generation has been considered at 110 lpcd against the requirements and the
demand for future is assessed, as against NRCP estimated based on 72 lpcd (considering
80 percent sewage return factor and 5 percent infiltration rate, for 90 lpcd water supply).
The total Sewage Generation for 2026 is estimated as 170 MLD. The system demand is
Table 8.6: Sewage Generation Demand Madurai Corporation
Description
Estimated Sewage Generation
Sewage Generation
Population
(MLD)*
(MLD)**
In Lakh
@ 72 lpcd
@ 110 lpcd
Base Stage (2005)
11.08
79.78
121.96
Mid Stage(2012)
13.00
93.60
143.00
Intermediate Stage (2018)
14.05
101.16
154.55
Ultimate Stage (2026)
15.42
111.02
169.57
NRCP Ultimate Stage
16.80
120.96
184.80
(2033)
* - Estimates by NRCP Project Report
** - Estimates based on Water Supply Demand and 110 lpcd sewage generation.
Source: NRCP Project Report/Estimated Figures based on Population Projection.
101
269.
As a part of NRCP Project, treatment capacity augmentation is proposed under Phase III,
which is yet to be sanctioned and implemented. The Present Treatment arrangement is
Waste Stabilization Pond, given the availability of Land and low Operation and
Maintenance Costs, however given the high amount of sewage generation further option
for Activated Sludge Process can be explored, as indicated in discussions with officials
and Site Visit. Hence, it is proposed to use ASP Technology for additioanl capacity to
meet requiremen for 2026. A comparison of various treatment technology, their
efficiencies with respect to cost is explained in the Table 8.7. Environmental Screening
and Social Assessment of the Project Components, in case of Sewage Capacity
Augmentation, can be carried out as separate Sub-Project and a Pilot Study for the ULB.
102
Table 8.7: Comparison of Various Sewage Treatment Technologies

Parameter
Units
TF
ASP
Detention Time
Land Required
Method of Oxygen
Supply
Power Required
Ease of Operation
Skill for O&M
Capital Cost
Ha/MLD
Kw/MLD
Rs.
Lakh/MLD
AL+MP
OD
1 Day
0.3
Atmospheric
4 to 6 hr
0.25
Mechanical
3 to 5 hr
0.5
Mechanical
1 Day
0.3
Mechanical
180
Simple
High
30.0
250
Difficult
High
35.0
300
Simple
Moderate
20.0
400
Simple
Moderate
20.0
Single Cell
WSP
20 to 30 Days
2 to 3
Biological
(Algae)
Nil
Very Simple
Low
6.0
Multiple Cell
WSP
6 to 10 Days
1 to 2
Biological
(Algae)
Nil
Very Simple
Low
8.0
UASP+MP
2 to 4 Days
0.6 to 1
Not Required
120
Simple
Moderate
20.0
Annual O&M Cost

Medium
High
High
Medium
Very Low
Very Low
Low
Reliability
Good
Least
Good
Good
Very Good
Very Good
Good
FC Removal
%
90-96%
90-96%
95-98%
95-98%
98-99%
98-99%
95-99%
Note: TF Trickling Filter, ASP Activated Sludge Process, AL Aerated Lagoon, OD Oxidation Ditch, WSP Waste Stabilization Pond, UASP
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket, MP Maturation Pond
103
270.
Coverage of Low Income Areas. Currently, a majority of the low income areas are devoid
of safe sanitation facilities. Though the Slum Improvement Programmes have created
infrastructure in the form of public conveniences, the operation and maintenance of these
facilities is not satisfactory and hence could not be sustainable. Hence, it is recommended
that Low Cost Sanitation Projects be taken up under the ISP programme for the poor and
the slum dwellers. It is recommended to increase the covereage, by provision of Public
Convenience Seats, based on the norms of approximately 60 persons per Seat. And the
O&M of the ISP units is to be given to the local communities to ensure their sustainability.
Since new programmes are all envisaged towards community participation in O&M, such
measures will strengthen the institutional setup.
271.
Considering the above requirements, capital investments in Underground Drainage System

have to be planned to address issues focussing upon; (i) Augmentation of treatment
Capacity to meet the future demand.(ii) Increase in the Collection System to meet growing
demand; (iii) Rehabilitation of existing facilities to avoid the higher costs of deferred
maintenance; (iv) Enhancement of Revenue through maximization of Service
Connections..
272.
Operation & Maintenance Plan. Adoption of an O&M Plan and Schedule, including
options of using the private sector for O&M (e.g. management contract).
273.
Corporation, can privatise O&M of pumping stations and STPs through a service or
management contract with the private sector who would be solely responsible for the O &
M of the system, based on an agreed annual fee, with built-in incentives for improved
performance.
274.
Mapping & GIS: The O&M shall also include mapping & GIS of the sewer system, for
proper upkeep and maintenance and regular updation. This would enable constant
vigilance with regards to system malfunctions and promote effective maintenance.
275.
Asset Management Plan. To address the condition assessment and the performance of the
Sewerage assets, it is recommended that an asset management plan be prepared for the
assets of UGD Assets in Madurai City.
276.
Tariff Revision. Future capital investments on system up-gradation being imminent, the
tariff structure shall be revised from time to time to enable cost recovery and to service the
additional debt from the capital investments. It is proposed to introduce a Separate Sewer
Charge to service the debts and sustain O&M, of the new Capital Investments.
277.

personnel for management of Sewer works is an important issue confronting the ULB, the
present system is being implemented by CMWSSB and shall be transferred to the ULB for
maintenance of Assets, and as well of more importance is to keep them technically
updated. It is necessary that periodic training be imparted to the operations staff of the
ULB. Such training facilities are available along with training manuals at the TWAD
Board and CMWSSB office.
104
278.
Strategy and Time Frame. The strategies to achieve the abovementioned goals and the
Table 8.8: Strategies and Time Frame Sewerage
S.No
Strategy
2006 2007
1
Asset Management Plan
2
3
Rehabilitation of Old network

system*
UGD for the unsewered areas
Mapping & GIS
Network Converge for Slum

Households
Recycle & Reuse
3.
279.
2008
2009
2010
2012
2013
Drainage, Ponds and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies

Table 8.9: Goals and Service Outcomes Storm water Drains and Water Bodies
S.No
Goal
2011
2016
2026
1
Storm Water Drain Coverage
70%
100%
100%
(% of road length)
2
Rehabilitation of Existing
100%
100%
100%
Nallahs and Water Bodies
3
Usage of water bodies as
50%
70%
100%
water recharge structures
280.
Action Plans and Strategies for the Sector, address the current deficiencies, in terms of
coverage, and the future requirement. For provision of Drainage, the ULB should facilitate
creation of capital assets so as to meet the future requirements.
281.
Approach and Design Criteria. The ULB should increase the Service levels in terms of
coverage, to achieve coverage of 150 percent of Road Length, through Built Drains. The
ULB is recommended to adopt strategy for rejuvenation of Lakes and Ponds, to be used as
sources for re-charging and as Summer Storage, and through networking of Water Bodies,
to increase Water Sustainability.
282.
The Drainage demand for 2011, based on 150 percent Road Length is approximately 1,067
kms, as against a minimal Service level of 18 percent for 2005.
105
Table 8.10: System Demand for Storm Water Drainage

Description
Unit
Gaps Up To 2011
Storm Water Drainage Works
New Formation - Pucca Open Drains
Kms
600
New Formation - Pucca Closed Drains
Kms
445
Primary Drains - De-silting and Strengthening
Kms
53.0
Lakes conservation /Tanks regeneration and Nalla strengthening
Water Bodies Conservation
Nos.
6
Source: Analysis
283.
Considering the requirements, capital investments in Drainage have to be planned to

address issues focusing upon; (i) Improvement Works and Construction of Tertiary
Drains.(ii) Drainage Rehabilitation works for low lying areas, through improvement of
networking of Secondary and Tertiary Drains to Primary Drains; (iii) Improvement and
Rehabilitation of Primary Drains (53 Nos.), through widening, deepening, construction of
Side-Walls, Cross-Drainage Works and Diversion works at Critical locations; (iv)
Rejuvenation and Rehabilitation works for Water Bodies, through de-silting, bunding
works and Intersection and Diversion of Sewage wherever required.
284.
Operation & Maintenance Schedule. Adoption of an O&M Schedule for works varying
from Drain Cleaning to Desilting, including options of using the private sector for O&M
(e.g. management contract).
285.
Table 8.11: Strategies and Time Frame Storm water Drains and Water Bodies
S.No Strategy
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013
1
Primary Drain Rehabilitation
and improvement program
2
Improvement Works and
Construction of Tertiary Drains
3
Rejuvenation and
Rehabilitation works for Water
Bodies
5
Operation and Maintenance
Schedule
106
4.
286.

Table 8.12: Goals and Service Outcomes Solid Waste Management
S.No
Goal
2011
2016
1
Door to Door Collection
80%
100%
2
Source Segregation
80%
100%
3
Mechanized Handling of waste
100%
100%
4
Scientific Disposal
100%
100%
5
Waste to Energy Generation
40%
70%
6
Cost Recovery (percent of O&M)
5%
15%
2026
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
40%
287.
Approach and Design Criteria. The ULB should increase the Service levels to meet the
Norms recommended by Solid Waste Handling Rules, 2000 and The State Finance
Commission Norms. The ULB should achieve 100 percent coverage, through Door-toDoor Collection and Segregation of Waste at Source.
288.
The total Solid Waste Generation in 2005 for a Per Capita Generation of approximately
406 grams/day is estimated at 450 MT, indicating a priority need for Scientific Disposal of
Waste. Since, the Population Density of the ULB is high, the Waste generation has been
considered at 406 grams/day (based on present generation), with a growth of 2 percent per
year, against the generation and the demand for future is assessed. The total Solid Waste
Generation for 2026 is estimated at 651 MT. The Present Disposal system is Open Waste
Dumping, which is creating potential health and environment hazard considering the
quantity of waste generation, location of disposal site and its environs, hence further
option for Scientific Waste Disposal and Composting can be explored on priority basis.
The details of Service Levels for future are presented in Table 8.13.
Description
Population
Per capita Waste Generation
Collection Type
Collection Demand
Vehicle Capacity Adequacy
Treatment Type
Treatment Demand
Total Solid Waste Generation
Source: Norms
Based on CPHEEO Norms

2026
In Lakh
15.42
Grams/day
423
Door-to-Door Collection and
Segregation of Waste at Source
100
Percent of Rated Capacity
100
Composting of Waste &
Sanitary Landfill
100
MT
651
Unit
107
289.
Implementation Strategy. The Solid Waste Action Plan, 2004, prepared by the ULB need
to be updated and implemented on immediate basis. Highest priority has to be accorded
for segregation & storage at source irrespective of the area of generation so as to facilitate
an organized and environmentally acceptable waste collection, processing and disposal.
Source segregation of Recyclables and biodegradable (organic waste) will not only
provide an efficient way for resource recovery, but will also substantially reduce the
pressure and pollution in Landfill sites.
290.
Approach for Primary Waste Collection and Street Sweeping. The following measures
have been recommended for improving the primary collection practices of the ULB;
(i)
Implementation of Door-to-door collection through 100 percent privatisation - In

order to achieve the above objective, a Bin system of Solid Waste Storage at
source is being recommended. As per this system, each of the households shall be
directed to keep separate bins/ containers for biodegradable and non-biodegradable
waste generated within their premises. The segregated waste so stored in these bins
will have to be transferred to the dumper placer provided for each area. Details of
Collection system and Specifications of segregated waste are summarized in Table
8.14 and Table 8.15 respectively.
Table 8.14: Details of proposed primary collection system

Mode of
Area of collection
Primary Collection
collection
Vehicle
Door to Door 1. Residential
Multi-bin cart/ tricyclecolonies of High
with 2 bins for
and Middle income Biodegradable waste and
group
1 for recyclable
Large
Community
Bin System
Small
Community
Bin System
2. Hotels/
Closed vehicle to collect
Restaurants
Biodegradable
Fruit and Vegetable Carrying bins to Transfer
Markets/ Transfer
Point
Stations
Slums/urban poor
Carrying bins to Transfer
Colonies
Point
Secondary storage
1.Bio-degradable in
Skips/ wheel containers
2. Non-biodegradableSell or hand over to
waste collector
Direct transport to
Disposal site
Skip / Dumper Placer
Transfer contents of
biodegradable to
community bins
Table 8.15: Details of Specification of Segregated Waste

S.
Source
Storage of Segregated waste
No.
Bio-Degradable
Non-Bio-degradable
1
Households
10-15 liters capacity plastic/
A bin or Bag of suitable
reinforced plastic/ LDPE/ metal bin Size
with lid
2
Hotels,
60 liters capacity-LDPE /HDPE
Restaurants
Size
3
Shops, Offices,
Suitable container not exceeding 60 A bin or Bag of suitable
Institutions
liters
Size
4
Market Stalls
40-60 liters bin-LDPE/HDPE
size
108
Function Halls
Hospitals,
Nursing
homes
Construction/
Demolition waste
291.
Garden Waste
Bin/ Skip matching to Municipal

Collection system
60 liters capacity bin for noninfectious bio-degradable waste
-
Store with in premises

size
Store waste as per Biomedical Waste Mgmt
Handling Rules 1998
Store with in premises
and deposit in the
notified Site by the local
body or to the municipal
Vehicle
Deposit in large
community bin or to the
municipal vehicle
(ii)
Source Segregation and Collection of Commercial Waste, through privatization;

and Source Segregation and Collection of Hotels and Market Waste - Construction
waste has to be stored at the premises of the construction either in skips or suitable
containers and has to be directly emptied to the notified disposal site by the
generator. Meat and fish markets should store waste in non-corrosive bins of
maximum 100-liter capacity each and transfer contents to large container to be
kept at the market just before lifting of such large containers. Slaughterhouses
should keep separate containers for animal waste and other wastes. It is also being
recommended that this system of source segregation and storage is encouraged
through community education and awareness campaigns and hence no capital
investments are envisaged in this regard. Introduction of bio-medical waste
management facility with support from Indian Medical Association, is also
recommended.
(iii)
Street Sweeping and Mooping on Daily Basis - Since further areas and eventually
the entire town is proposed to be brought under privatization, it is considered that
there would not be any further requirement to induct conservancy workers. The
existing street sweeping operations in Madurai are satisfactory and to ensure
operational efficiency of the system, the following measures are suggested. (a)
Markets and other areas of the city shall be swept at least twice a day and
sweeping should be done on Sundays and holidays in core areas and denser areas;
(b) Sweepings shall be collected separately as degradable and non-biodegradable
waste and deposit in containers kept at various locations and a separate crew
equipped with appropriate implements may do de-silting of larger drains.
(iv)
Community Participation and Enforcement of By-laws and Waste Collection and

Handling Rules - It is recommended that the community be involved in primary
collection through segregation at household level to minimize the number of waste
handling operation. Non-biodegradable waste shall be collected separately from
premises where door to door collections are organized. Present system of primary
collection should be supplemented by introducing multi-bin carts (Push carts /
Tricycles) covering the entire area of the town.
It is envisaged that 100 percent area of the ULB be brought under door-to-door collection
and hence, no additional dust bins are proposed, except for slums and other areas. These
are estimated to be about 20 to 25 percent in 2011. The rest of the 75 to 80 percent shall be
109
privatized. In this scenario, the ULB shall overlook the collection and transportation
activities. The existing dust bins shall be phased out in an organized manner according to
the implementation of the system. This is proposed to be achieved by the year 2007-08.
Based on these assumptions, the equipments for primary collection is estimated, to meet
the future Waste Generation.
292.
Approach for Waste Collection and Transportation. The following measures have been
recommended for improving the waste collection and transportation practices of the ULB;
(i)
Secondary Collection system It is recommended to retain all Auto-Minidors, for

secondary collection purpose, in places where Dual Loaded Dumper Placers cannot
be introduced.
(ii)
Efficient Transportation System. It is also recommended that Dual Loaded Dumper

Placers (DLDPs) be introduced to improve the collection efficiency and to cover 80
percent area of the town in phased manner. The introduction of Dual Loaded
Dumper Placers shall eliminate the need of the Secondary Collection Points. Instead
of these collection points, in the end, transfer stations with advanced segregation and
recycling facilities may be introduced, in the future.
293.
Presently, The Vehicle Capacity Adequacy Ratio 91.50 percent, achieved with help of
more than 85 percent Privatized Fleet. This indicates an overall capacity deficiency of 115
tons by 2011 for achieving 100% collection efficiency and a deficiency of 240 Tons
respectively by the year 2026.
294.
System Demand. Additional 30 Dual Loaded Dumper Placers with 162 numbers of
containers will be required for collection of approximately 651 tons of waste that will be
generated in Madurai City by the year 2026.
Table 8.16: System Demand for Solid Waste Management
Description
Unit
Primary collection
Hand Carts required for ULB
Push Carts (Street Sweeping)
Secondary collection
Dumper bins required (7 cum)
Transportation Vehicles
Dumper Placer
Source: Analysis
295.
Quantity
Year 2026
Nos.
Nos.
955
1,399
Nos.
162
Nos.
30
Approach and Design for Disposal of Waste. Based on high Generation of Solid Waste it
is recommended to develop a landfill site for safe disposal of Solid Waste of the ULB.
Based on the successful implementation of the door-to-door collection and source
segregation practices in the city, the options of waste to energy and composting projects
can be developed. The disposal strategies for the ULB will do with,
(i)
Composting the organic fraction of the waste - Approximately 60% of the waste
generated in Madurai is organic nature. In terms of the quantity, it is expected that
110
approximately 391 tons of organic waste is to be generated which can be taken up

for Composting. The land requirement for compost facility is estimated at 19 acres,
which will accommodate Windrow Pads, Ancillaries and Circulation area.
(iii)
Sanitary land filling of inorganic fraction of waste and the compost rejects Inorganic waste constitutes approximately 40 percent, quantifying to 260 tons, is
proposed to be disposed through Sanitary landfill. The land requirement for
Landfill facility is estimated at 52 acres. The Sanitary landfill is proposed for a
volumetric capacity of 2.03 M cu.m, with at least Three Lifts (One Lift below
ground and Two Lifts above ground). Landfill facility design is based on CPHEEO
design assumptions for Sanitary Landfills, wherein a landfill height of 5 m and a
bulk density of 0.85 Tons/ m3 are assumed. However, the actual height of landfill
depends on the geological/ geographical conditions of the site and technology of
landfill development.
(iii) Educating the community on 4R strategy (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover).
296.
Comparison of Technologies for Composting. Aerobic Composting, Vermi Composting

and Anaerobic Digestion are the three options of biological degradation of organic
components in solid waste. Of the three, the simplest to develop and operate is Aerobic
Composting. Manual Windrow Composting will be the most ideal and economical option.
This kind of composting would require no major mechanization and the compost plant
would be manually operated. This would, in turn, minimize the cost of waste disposal.
297.
Operation and Management Schedule. Adoption of an O&M Schedule, including options

of using the private sector for O&M (e.g. management contract). In view of the criticality
of the information on vehicle movement in assessing the collection and disposal efficiency
of the local body, it is recommended that a standard register at the disposal site and
transfer station be maintained. The register should contain information on each of the
vehicle trips at both the locations and the origin of waste collection. The Schedule can be
used for periodic mainenance of vehcles to deffer Costs. A summary of this information
shall be prepared at the end of the day, to be verified by the health officer.
298.
Approach for Optimal Manpower Utilization. Since all areas under ULB is proposed to be
brought under privatisation, it is considered that there would not be any further
requirement to induct conservancy workers. The existing street sweeping operations in the
ULB are satisfactory and to ensure operational efficiency of the system, the following
measures are suggested, (i) Markets and other areas of the city shall be swept at least twice
a day and sweeping should be done on Sundays and holidays in core areas and denser
areas. (ii) Sweepings shall be collected separately as degradable and non-biodegradable
waste and deposit in containers kept at various locations and de-silting of larger drains
may be done by a separate crew equipped with appropriate implements.
299.

personnel for management of Sewer works is an important issue confronting the ULB, and
as well of more importance is to keep them technically updated. It is necessary that
periodic training be imparted to the operations staff of the ULB.
111
300.
Table 8.17: Strategies and Time Frame Solid Waste Management
S.No Strategy
2006 2007 2008 2009
1
Door to Door Collection
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.
301.
2010
2012
2013
Introduction of Twin Bin

System at Storage
Source Segregation
Mechanization of
Transportation
Fleet Management System
Development of Compost plant
Development of Scientific
Landfill Site
IEC Activities
Roads and Traffic Management

Table 8.18: Goals and Service Outcomes Roads & Traffic Management
S.No
Goal
2011
2016
1
Percentage reduction in
25%
30%
travel time
2
Riding Comfort
60%
100%
3
Transport Safety
80%
100%
2026
30%
100%
100%
302.
Approach. The ULB should increase the network, to achieve an average cover to cater to
100 percent of the population. Given the high density of population within the ULB area,
and also limited area for development, it is prpoposed to emphasize on Strengthening and
Widening Measures for Roads, thus addressing the issues of congestion and incomplete
network. The ULB should link all major Radial Road by means of peripheral ring road to
ease mobility and avoid through traffic.
303.
The percentage of concrete roads in the town is at 5 percent and since these CC roads are
provided with minimum widths in core areas, the overall system gets affected with load
and pressure on the remaining roads resulting in frequent O&M costs and traffic
congestion. The deficiencies in the ULB area with respect to the road infrastructure pertain
mainly to the width of roads and density of roads.
304.
Design Criteria. Strategy shall focus to have 100% coverage of surfaced roads including
up-gradation of roads.
305.
Roads Planning and Demand. The current coverage is satisfactory at 18.00 % of ULBs
area. However the newly developing areas lack the facility and shall increase to a
minimum of 15 % though the norm can be in the range of 15-20%. The road widening
112
projects can provide success to a certain extent in increasing the area under roads, but are
limited to certain commercial corridors and critical link roads only. Road network
strengthening is proposed to be taken up, through proposal for a Ring road within the ULB
periphery, connecting major arterial roads and Highways. Roads planning shall also
ensure that roads, parking and traffic infrastructure provision matches the citys present
and future needs for both private and public transport.
306.
The Road Length demand for 2011, based road density of approximately 14 kms per sq
km of area and Per Capita Road Length of approximately 0.90 m, is approximately 712
kms, as against 615 kms for 2005. Service level based on Road Surface type is maintained
at 5 percent for CC Roads, 85 percent for BT Roads and 10 percent for WBM Roads. It is
proposed to improve the condition of existing roads through Upgradation, Widening and
Strengthening of upto 150 kms of Road length.
307.
Asset Rehabilitation. Upgrading shall be undertaken to extend, refurbish and enhance the
roads. Plans would be phased so as to optimise cost and surface condition and shall
include upgrading earthen roads to Bituminous Topped roads. This phased up-gradation
would considerably reduce the costs on new formations.
308.
Widening and Strengthening of Road structures. With due consideration to the growing
traffic intensity it has been proposed to upgrade all the major roads with specific focus on
the State and National Highways and some major roads. It is proposed to widen and
strengthen, existing network along the ULB periphery and develop it as a Internal Ring
Road. It is proposed to develop the road as two lane divided carraige way facility, with
flovers and ROBs at major junctions and railway crossings respectively.
309.
Traffic Management Plan. These shall focus of junction improvements, traffic

management within core areas of the town, regional level proposals, parking and
pedestrian facilities. It has been observed that, in most of the major roads in the town
pedestrians are forced to use the carriageway due to the absence or poorly maintained
footpaths. Footpaths of 1.5m wide are proposed along the major roads where heavy
pedestrian movements are observed. For traffic safety and convenience, appropriate signs,
markings, lighting, guideposts are required to be provided on curves, intersections, public
utility places, etc. Proposals for road furniture are made considering the importance of the
road, safety and aesthetic. The design of the road furniture and quality proposed are of
international standards. It is proposed to provide the following road furniture for the
roadway:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Kilometer stones on the major roads

200 m Furlong stones
Road painting using reflectorized thermoplastic road painting
High intensity grade informatory, regulatory and cautionary sign boards
Street lights on all major roads within the municipal limits, which have been
considered for improvement
(vi) High mast lighting at all major junctions
(vii) Stop signs
(viii) Place identification signs
310.
Proposals under Traffic and Transportation, focus at improving Citywide transportation
113
network and linkages, and Provision of City and Regional Level Transport facilities.
Improvement of Core City Areas is proposed in terms of Pedestrianisation, Signages and
Strengthening. Traffic Network is strengthened through provision of Internal Ring Road
within the ULB area, through widening and strengthening of existing alignment,
connection of incomplete linkages, construction of Flyover, Bridges and ROB/RUBs.
311.
Improvements to major and minor junctions are also proposed in terms of geometry, traffic
management, lighting and signages.
312.
Table 8.19: Strategies and Time Frame Roads & Traffic Management
S.No Strategy
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013
1
Upgradation of Roads
2
Formation of new Roads
Pedestrianization & Signages
4
5
6
7
Parking Management
Junction improvement
Widening and strengthening
Bridges & Flyovers/Elevated
Highways
ROB/RUB & Pedestrain
Subways
Integration & upgradation of
SH network with NH
Provision of Bus shelter
8
9
10
6.
313.
Street Lighting
Table 8.20: Goals and Service Outcomes Street lighting
S.No
Goal
2011
1
Energy saving mechanisms
100%
2
Adequate lighting in Non-lit
100%
areas
2016
100%
100%
2026
100%
100%
314.
The ULB should increase the density of Street lights and the coverage along the roads
depending upto usage and population density, to achieve an overall 100 percent of the
Road Length. Given the high density of population within the ULB area, and also limited
area for development, it is prpoposed to emphasize High Power Fixtures and Complete
Coversion to Tube Lights.
315.
The strategic intervention in this sector is in increasing the number of lamp posts in the
wards identified to reduce the average spacing between lamp posts in the town to below 30
mt. Higher density area and commercial ares are proposed to be addressed to with specific
114
interventions. Further, measures are also to minimise the power consumption charges
which are observed to be on the higher side from the statement of accounts.
316.
Further, to improve upon the O&M of the street lighting it is recommended to mechanise
the system and involve private sector in the same. The mechanisation would be towards
introducing dimming systems during non peak hours of operation to reduce the power
consumption.
317.
Table 8.21: Strategies and Time Frame Street lighting
S.No Strategy
2006 2007 2008
1
Conversion of Existing tube
lights to Retro fits
2
Power saver switches for SVL
lamps and high power lamps
3
Provision of New Lighting
systems for the Non-lit areas
and emerging areas
7.
318.
2009
2010
2012
2013
Basic Services for Poor

Table 8.22: Goals and Service Outcomes Basic Services for Poor
S.No
Goal
2011
2016
1
Network Coverage for slum
90%
100%
households
2
UGD coverage for slum
90%
100%
households
3
Adequately lit slums
100%
100%
4
Adequate road link for the
100%
100%
slums
5
Pucca houses for all slum
80%
100%
households
6
Education for all in slums
100%
100%
7
Best quality in slums
80%
100%
2026
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
319.
The ULB should increase the coverage of services in Low Income Areas and Slum Areas,
through implementatino of government schemes and other innovative programs with
public participation. Given the high share of slum population, within the ULB and also
limited area for development, it is proposed to emphasize on provision of basic services,
like water, sanitation and waste management, and improvement of quality of life through
relocation and rehabilitation of Slums areas.
320.
The details of service levels for future is presented in Table 8.23.
115

Description
Population
Households
Housing Demand
Water Supply Demand
Distribution Network Demand
Sewer Network Demand
Persons per Public Water Stand Post/Taps
Persons per Public Toilet Seat
Persons per Public Urinal
Daily Per Capita Waste Generation
Size of each Dustbin/Container
Spacing of Temporary Waste Storage Points
Per Capita Road Demand
Population above 1000
Population below 1000
Percentage of Surfaced Roads in
Municipalities
Percentage of Surfaced Roads to be provided
with Storm Water Drains
Source: Norms
Unit
In Lakh
Nos.
Percent to HHs
Lpcd
Persons
Persons
Persons
Gms per Day
cu. m
m
Based on Design
Norms
3.03
60,257
80
90
100
100
75
30
50
350
0.30
300
m
m
Percent
0.25
0.51
70
Percent
50
321.
As a policy, notified/declared slums, those indicated by the ULB, are considered for slum
upgradation. The implementation of National Slum Development Program (NSDP) is in
progress. The following types of infrastructure are provided: (a) roads and culverts,
including concrete pavements for certain stretches; (b) surface/storm water drains; (c)
water supply, with house service connections; (d) sewerage system with household
latrines; and (e) external electrification. Strategic Intervention in this sector is in above
mentioned area, through increasing coverage and provision of facilities.
322.
Table 8.24: Strategies and Time Frame Basic Services Poor
S.No Strategy
2006 2007 2008 2009
1
Better access roads
2
Storm water drains
Sewer network
Sanitation facilities
Provision of Housings
2010
2012
2013
116
B.
1.
Project Identification for Service Delivery

Water Supply
(i)
Proposed Project Sub-Components
323.
Proposed Project for Water Supply to Madurai Corporation for Improvement Works and
System Improvement, under TNUDP II 7. The DPR for the existing proposal, proposes
System Augmentation (47 MLD) from Vaigai River and transmission to the ULB, and
System Improvements to ensure a sustainable system for a period of thirty years (Ultimate
design stage of 2034). Detailed Studies have been conducted for the Project and the
Project is under active consideration by the Government. The Project proposes to supply
the augmented quantity of water (47 MLD) to North Zone. The Present Vaigai Scheme (68
MLD) will exclusively serve the South Zone. Project Component details and Phases are
elaborated below.
324.
Project Components and Phasing. The Water Supply Improvements Project was divided
into Phase I and II. Projects components for the respective phases are listed below.
(a)
Phase I comprises the water supply system augmentation with the below listed
components.

(b)
Intake Works at Vaigai Reservoir

Raw Water Main from Intake Works to Pannaipatti WTP
Water Treatment Plant for handling additional quantity of 47 MLD
Clear Water Main from WTP to Arasaradi BPS
Phase II study comprises design improvements to distribution system of north &
south zone of Madurai Corporation (Wards 1 to 72), which include.

Construction of OHTs
Improvement to Feeder Mains
Improvement to Distribution System
325.
Current Project Status. The above mentioned project in under Administrative Approval,
after which it will be forwarded for Technical Sanctioning.
326.
System Adequacy (Post Project Implementation). The projected demand for 2026 is
compared with the the augmented supply, to verify the adequacy and need to augment the
capacity of certain components.
Water Supply to Madurai Corporation Improvement Works and System Improvement, Phase I and Phase II,
under TNUDF.
117
Table 8.25: Vaigai II Project Sub-Components and System Adequacy (Post Project
Implementation)
Project Components
Augmented
Service
Phases
Service Indicator
Quantity
Status
after completion
of Project
Quantum of Water
(MLD)
Treatment Capacity
(MLD)
Storage Capacity
(ML)
Increment - Raw Water
Mains (kms)
Increment - Clear Water
Mains (kms)
Improvements to
Distribution Mains/Feeder
Mains (kms)
Source: Analysis
Units
47.00
47.00
Year 2026
115.00
Phase I
118.60 Phase I
6.60
41.45 Phase II
16.60
33.20 Phase I
48.80
97.60 Phase I & II
157.00
627.20 Phase II
Year 2026
Supply - 75 lpcd
Adequacy - 103
Percent
Adequacy - 95
Percent
Above 100
Percent
327.
The Ultimate demand for North Zone in 47 MLD and for South Zone is 122 MLD,
calculated based on recommended level of 110 lpcd and projected population. Based on
supply of the Augmented quantity (47 MLD) to North Zone.
328.
Additional Water Demand (Post Project Implementation). Considering the availability of

110 lpcd against the requirements, the demand for future is assessed.
Table 8.26: Water Demand (Post Project Implementation) Madurai Corporation
Availability/
Surplus/
Description
Estimated Water Demand
(MLD)
Augmented
Deficit
Population
Availability
In Lakh
@ 110 lpcd
MLD
MLD
Base Stage (2004)
11.08
121.96
83.00*
(38.96)
Normal Season
Base Stage (2004)
11.08
121.96
68.00*
(53.96)
Summer Season
Intermediate Stage
12.82
141.07
115.00**
(26.07)
Normal and Summer
Season (2011)
Ultimate Stage
15.42
169.57
115.00**
(54.57)
Normal and Summer
Season (2026)
* - Present Availability Consideration 68.00 MLD from Vaigai Dam and 23 MLD from
Infiltration Galleries
** - Augmented Availability 68 MLD from Existing Vaigai Scheme and 47 MLD from
Proposed Vaigai Scheme
Improvement, TNUDP II.
118
329.
As indicated above, there is an unmatched water demand of 26.07 MLD for the
intermediate stage of the Project.
330.
Proposed Project Sub-Components fgor meeting the Additional Water Demand (54.57
MLD). The projected demand for 2026 is compared with the optimum supply available
from the existing source and the proposed project, to verify the adequacy and need to
augment the capacity of certain components.
Table 8.27: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Water Supply System for 2026
Component
Unit
Supply
Status*
Demand
Year 2005
Demand
Surplus
(Deficit)
Water Intake *
MLD
Pumping
Water
MLD
Treatment Plant
Service Storage
ML
Distribution
Km
System
Year 2011
Demand Surplus
(Deficit)
Year 2026
Demand Surplus
(Deficit)
115.00
121.96
(6.96)
141.07
(26.07)
169.57
(54.57)
118.60
121.96
(3.36)
141.07
(22.47)
169.57
(50.97)
41.45
40.65
0.80
47.02
(5.57)
56.52
(15.07)
627.20
564.00
63.20
605.00
(22.20)
711.00
(83.80)
* - Supply levels after implementation of Vaigai II Scheme (47 MLD Augmentation)

Source: Analysis
331.
A prefesibility report for combined water supply scheme is prepared in TWAD Board to
draw 310 MLD from Mullai Periyar Dam at a cost fo Rs. 486 crores. This could be a
possible source to meet the future requirement.It is also proposed to augment additional
storage capacity, for equitable distribution, and create of new water Zones.
(ii)
Cost Estimates and Phasing.
332.
Summary of Proposed Investments. Estimated Cost of Augmentation of Water Supply for

Madurai City is Rs. 18,111.95 lakh.
333.
Project Investment is tabulated below as following Sub-Components, (i) Project

Investment for the Proposed Vaigai Water Supply Project II, and (ii) Project Investment
for Additional Water Supply post implementation of Vaigai II scheme.
(a)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Vaigai Water Supply Scheme II. Estimated
Cost of augmentation of 47 MLD of Water from Vaigai Reservoir is approximately
Rs. 5,277.05 Lakh. The estimated gross cost of project (including contingencies and
supervision charges) is Rs. 6,400 Lakh.
119
Table 8.28: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates Vaigai Water Supply Project II
Description
Estimated Cost
Rs. Lakh
Phase I
Intake Works at Vaigai Reservoir
29.39
Raw Water Transmission Main Piping & Appurtenances
1,121.17
Bridge at Varahanadhi & Punnukuthi Odai crossing
232.60
Modifications to Existing Water Treatment Plant
438.18
Clear Water Transmission Main (WTP to BP Tank) - Piping &
691.21
Appurtenances
Sub-Total Phase I
2,512.55
Phase II
Clear Water Transmission Main (BP Tank to Arasaradi) - Piping &
1,470.13
Appurtenances
Break Pressure Tank (5.00 LL Capacity)
21.45
Improvements/Addition to Feeder Mains (13.5 kms)
314.61
Improvements/Addition to Distribution System (143.50 Kms)
571.81
Construction of 6 new OHTs in unserved area
386.51
Sub-Total Phase II
2,764.50
Total Project Cost (Phase I + Phase II)
5,277.05
Improvement, TNUDP II
(b)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Water Supply post
implementation of Vaigai II scheme. Estimated Cost of augmentation of 54.57 MLD
Water from Vaigai Reservoir, for 2026, is approximately Rs. 12,834.90 Lakh.
Estimated Cost of Road Overlay for improvement to Distribution network and
Feeder network, for 157 kms, works done as part of the above Vaigai II Scheme is
approximately Rs. 314.00 Lakh and is considered below. Table 8.29 indicates
estimated cost of Addition Augmentation of Water Supply system for 2026.
Table 8.29: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of
Water Supply System for 2026
Project Sub-Component
Unit
Quantity Deficit
Water Intake + Pumping
MLD
54.57
Raw Water Transmission
MLD
54.57
Water Treatment Plant
MLD
50.97
Clear Water Transmission
MLD
54.57
Service Storage
ML
15.07
Distribution System
Kms
84.00
Road Overlay
Kms
157.00
Sub Total New Infrastructure
Total (Rs. Lakh)- 12,834.90
Source: Analysis
120
2.
334.

Under the On-going NRCP Project, Sewerage system augmentation under Phase I and
Phase II works shall be complete by 2006-07. Phase III of works, which includes
augmentation of Treatment Capacity is yet to be sanctioned. Final Phase of the Project
includes non-core Schemes for which the detailed project report are under preperation.
Hence, project sub-components design for future augmentation upto 2026, is proposed
beyond implementation of the ongoing project.
(i)
335.
UGD Project Sub-Components. The projected demand for 2026 is compared with the
Sewage generation from the existing source and the ongoing project, to verify the
adequacy and need to augment the capacity of certain components.
Table 8.30: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of UGD System for 2026
Project SubComponent
Population
Sewage
Generation
Unit
Existing
Status*
Demand
Year 2005
Year 2011
Year 2026
Demand
Surplus/ Demand Surplus/ Demand Surplus/
(Deficit)
(Deficit)
(Deficit)
11.08
12.82
15.42
-
In Lakh
121.96
141.07
169.57
120.00
103.00
(103.00)
MLD
103.00
121.96
(18.96)
141.07
(38.07)
169.57
(57.20)
MLD
99.00
121.96
(22.96)
141.07
(42.07)
169.57
(70.57)
Km
572.50
531.00
41.60
604.76
(32.26)
711.48
(138.98)
MLD
System Rehabilitation
Sewer Network
Rehabilitation
Km
New Infrastructure
Sewage
Pumping
Sewage
Treatment Plant
Sewer Network
* - Supply levels after implementation of NRCP Scheme

Source: Analysis
336.
It is proposed to augment additional quantity, (i) Creation of additional assets for Pumping
Capacity Augmentation, by 2011, and (ii) Augmentation of Treatment Capacity at existing
Sites, post NRCP, and provide safe services to the City. The Present Treatment
arrangement is Waste Stabilization Pond, however given the high amount of sewage
generation, it is proposed to use Activated Sludge Process for treatment of Sewage. Cost
Estimates for application of AST Technology. It is also proposed to augment additional
sewer network, of approximately 138.98 km by 2026, for equitable distribution, and create
of new Sewer Zones.
337.
Capacity Augmentation Components. As Indicated above, Two Project Components, (i)

Sewage Pumping and (ii) Sewage Treatment, need Capacity Augmentation, post their
respective design Years. Hence, Capital Investment for the Project, beyond the Ongoing
UGD Project, is planned to address the above components.
121
338.
Rehabilitation Component. Rehabilitation work for the Project is proposed to include

relaying and refurbishment of Sewer Lines in the Old City Areas, since the system is more
than 50 years Old and is in dilapidated condition.
339.
Based on broad estimates, network rehabilitation demand for Core City Area is
approximately 103 kms. However, a detailed physical survey and assessment of the
Network is proposed to assess the Present Status of the System and the requisite
rehabilitation measures.
340.
Institutional and Legal Measure. To ensure sustainability of Operations and future capital
investments on system up-gradation, following measures are indicated for perusal by the
ULB.
(i)
Increasing Number of Sewer Connection, through legalizing illegal connections and

through giving additional connections.
(ii) Periodic review Sewer Charges
(iii) Implementing the graded Tariff System.
(ii)
Cost Estimates and Phasing.
342.
Under NRCP Project, approximately Rs. 11,500 Lakh worth of work shall be complete by
2006-07, which include Sewerage system augmentation under Phase I and Phase II works.
Final Phase of the Project includes non-core Schemes (Public health and Sanitation
schemes) for which the detailed project report is under preperation.
343.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Sewer System. Estimated Cost of Augmentation of

Sewerage and Sanitation System for Madurai City, apart from NRCP Project (except
implementation of Phase III), is Rs. 9,122.23 Lakh excluding Gap funding of ongoing
scheme to the tune of Rs. 4,000.00 Lakh, which is suppose to be allocated from the NRCP
project funding as grant. However, for the successful completion of the ongoing scheme to
bridge this gap is necessary and the same amount is sought from NURM funding.
344.
Project Investment is tabulated below and includes two Sub-Components, (a) Project
Investment for augmentation of Sewer System.
(a)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of UGD System. Estimated
Cost of Sewer system, post implementation of NRCP Project, is approximately Rs.
6,689.23 Lakh. In addition, it is proposed to treat 70.57 MLD through ASP
Technology at the existing Site, through development of a new facility cost of which
is included above. Design Capacity and details of sub-components are indicated in
Table 8.31 below. Estimated Cost of Development of an ASP technology Sewage
Treatment Plant is Rs. 2,469.92 Lakh for a design capacity of 70.57 MLD for 2026.
122
Table 8.31: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of
Sewer System for 2026
Project Sub-Components
Unit
Quantity Deficit
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Km
Sewer Network Rehabilitation
103.00
1,545.00
Nos
Rehabilitation of Pump houses
13.00
1,300.00
Sub Total System Rehabilitation
2,845.00
New Infrastructure
MLD
Sewage Pumping
66.57
332.85
Sewage Treatment Plant (ASP
MLD
70.57
2469.92
Technology)
Km
Sewer Network
138.98
2,084.68
Km
Road Overlay
138.98
1,389.79
6,277.23
Ongoing NRCP Scheme Gap
4,000.00
Funding
Total
13,122.23
Source: Analysis
3.
Drainage, Ponds and Rejuvenation of Water Bodies

(i)
345.
Storm Water Drainage Sub-Components. The Project demand for 2011 is compared with
the existing Storm Waste Drainage Infrastructure, to verify the adequacy and need to
augment the capacity of components. Proposed augmentation of required components of
the system is indicated in Table 8.32 below.
Table 8.32: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Drainage System for 2011
Project SubUnit Existing
Demand
Component
Status
Year 2005
Year 2011
Demand Surplus/ Demand Surplus/
(Deficit)
(Deficit)
Road Length
Kms
663.63
665.00
711.50
Strengthening of
Kms
98.79
Open Pucca Drains
Strengthening of
Kms
22.03
Closed Pucca Drains
Strengthening of
Kms
53.00
53.00
53.00
(53.00)
(53.00)
Natural Drains
New Infrastructure
Storm Water Drains
Kms
120.82
997.50
1,067.22
(876.68)
(946.40)
Open Pucca Drains
Kms
98.79
598.50
640.33
(499.71)
(541.54)
Closed Pucca Drains Kms
22.03
399.00
426.89
(376.97)
(404.86)
Source: Analysis
123
346.
It is proposed to augment additional quantity, (i) construction of additional length of

approximately 542 kms of Open Pucca Drains, (ii) construction of additional length of
approximately 405 kms of Closed Pucca Drains, and (iii) Strengthening, Desilting and
Removal of encroachments of 53 kms of Natural Drains, and improve networking.
347.
Based on Discussions and field visits, it is understood that the existing Storm Water
Drains are in good condition and do not require any major rehabilitation measures.
348.
Project Sub-component for Ponds and Lakes Development. Proposed augmentation of

required components of the system, includes desilting works, bunding works and
Beautification works, is indicated in Table 8.33 below.
Table 8.33: Required Augmentation of Pond and Lakes development
Project Water
Use
Existing Status
Demand
Bodies
Area
Storage
Work Required
Capacity
Sq. m
cu.m
Vandiyur Tank
Ayacut
821,622
3,040,000 De-Silting/ Bunding/
Beautification
Sellur Tank
Re-charge
219,048
460,000 De-Silting/ Bunding/
Beautification
Veeramudaiyan
Re-charge
400,000
Tank
Beautification
Madakulam Tank
Ayacut
1,476,563
4,725,000 De-Silting/ Bunding/
Partly
Beautification
BiBi-Kulam Tank
Re-charge
288,000
Beautification
Aruldaspuram
Re-charge
215,000
430,000 De-Silting/ Bunding
Vayaleli Tank
Beautification
Source: Analysis
(ii)
Cost Estimates and Phasing
349.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Drainage System. Estimated Cost of Augmentation

of Drainage, Ponds and Lake Development for Madurai City is Rs. 15,626.06 Lakh.
350.
Project Investment is indicated below in two parts, (a) Project Investment for
augmentation of Drainage System, and (b) Project Investment for deevelopment of Lakes
and Water Bodies.
(a)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of Drainage System.

Estimated Cost of laying of additional Storm Water Drains, is approximately Rs.
14,971 Lakh. Table 8.34 indicates estimated cost of laying of additional Drains for
2011.
124
Table 8.34: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation of
Storm Water Drains for 2011
Unit
Quantity Deficit
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Strengthening of Natural Drains
Km
53.00
1,590.00
Sub Total System Rehabilitation
Km
1,590.00
New Infrastructure
Open Pucca Drains
Km
541.54
6,498.49
Closed Pucca Drains
Km
404.86
6,882.57
Km
13,381.06
Total
14,971.06
Source: Analysis
(b)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of Ponds and Lakes
Development. Estimated Cost of Desilting and Rehabilitation measures for Ponds
and Lakes for 6 nos. Madurai, is Rs. 655 Lakh. Table 8.35 indicates estimated cost
of Ponds and Lakes Improvement for Madurai.
Table 8.35: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Improvement of Ponds and Lakes
Description
Estimated Cost
Rs. Lakh
De-Silting, Bunding and Beautification
Vandiyur Tank
169.46
Sellur Tank
45.18
Veeramudaiyan Tank
49.50
Madakulam Tank
304.54
BiBi-Kulam Tank
59.40
Aruldaspuram Vayaleli Tank
26.61
Total
654.69
Source: Analysis.
4.
351.

The future trend of waste generation has been estimated based on the projected population
and per capita waste generation. The per capita growth rate for the solid waste has been
assumed to be 0.2 percent every year. Projected Waste Generation for Madurai City is
tabulated below in Table 8.36.
125
Table 8.36: Projected Waste Generation

Year
Population
Nos.
2005
2011
2016
2021
2026
Source: Analysis
(i)
352.
1,108,755
1,282,490
1,370,360
1,456,400
1,541,538
Waste Generation
Per Capita
Total Waste
Gms/Day
Tons/Day
406.00
450.00
410.00
523.00
414.20
567.60
418.35
609.30
422.55
651.40
Proposed Sub-Components for Solid Waste Management Initiative. The Project demand
for 2026 is compared with the existing Solid Waste Handling Infrastructure, to verify the
adequacy and need to augment the capacity of components. Proposed augmentation of
required components of the system is indicated in Table 8.37 below.
Table 8.37: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Solid Waste Management System
for 2026
Unit
Population
In Lakh
Solid Waste Generation
MT
Primary Collection Sub-Component
Push Carts
Nos
Containerized Tri-Cycles
Nos
Secondary Collection Sub-Component
Container Bins (2.5 MT
Nos
Capacity)
Transportation Sub-Component
Dual Load Dumper Placers
Nos
Disposal Site
Acres
Sanitary Land Fill Demand
MT
Landfill Area Demand
Acres
Compost Demand
MT
Compost Area Demand
Acres
Existing
Status*
11.08
450
Demand
Year 2011
Demand
Surplus/
(Deficit)
12.82
526
-
Year 2026
Demand
Surplus/
(Deficit)
15.42
651
-
150
135
1105
1534
(955)
(1399)
40
202
(162)
34
(30)
82.00
-
33.38
210.00
18.29
316.00
15.09
(34.00)
(210.00)
(18.29)
(316.00)
(15.00)
70.94
260.55
52.31
391.00
18.63
(71.00)
(260.55)
(53.00)
(391.00)
(19.00)
Source: Analysis
353.
Proposed Initiative for Solid Waste Management, is in line with that formulated by the
ULB, and has been updated based on project demand for 2026. The approach proposes to
use Containerized Tricycles (150 kgs each) to convey garbage buckets to Dumper Bins.
Garbage from Dumper Bins is transported directly to Land Fill Site, by means of Dumper
Placers. It is proposed to implement segregation of waste at source and Door-to-Door
collection system. The existing fleet of Lorries is proposed to be utilized for garbage
cleaning in extended areas with prevailing system of sweeping and direct loading to
Lorries. Based on the above system, the requirement to cater to the demand for Waste
126
Management in Madurai City has been proposed to cater to year 2026. The proposed
purchase of Bins, Trolleys, Vehicles and other Infrastructure facilities required are to be
provided as tabulated above in Table 8.37.
354.
Discussions with ULB has indicated that, Waste Management Initiative can be proposed
for funding under Phase V of the NRCP Project.
(ii)
355.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Solid Waste Management. Estimated Cost of

Augmentation of Bins, Trolleys, Vehicles, other Infrastructure facilities and Scientific
Disposal Facility for Madurai City is Rs. 3,631.68 Lakh.
356.
Project Investment is indicated below in two parts, (a) Project Investment for
augmentation of Waste Management Equipment, including Primary Collection
equipements, Secondary Collection equipments and Transportation Vehicles, and (b)
Project Investment for development of Scientific Landfill and Compost Facility.
(a)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of Waste Management

Equipment, including Bins, Trolleys and Transportation Vehicles. Estimated Cost of
purchase of additional Primary Collection equipment, Secondary Collection
Equipments and Transportation Vehicles, is approximately Rs. 570.00 Lakh. Table
8.38 indicates estimated cost of New Equipments to cater for 2011.
Table 8.38: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation Solid
Waste Management Equipments for 2011
Unit
Quantity Deficit
Cost
Rs. Lakh
New Infrastructure
Primary Collection Sub-Component
Push Carts
Nos
955
68.76
Containerized Tri-Cycles
Nos
1,399
111.92
Secondary Collection SubComponent
Container Bins (2.5 MT Capacity)
Nos
162
89.10
Transportation Sub-Component
Dual Load Dumper Placers
Nos
30
300.00
569.78
Total
569.78
Source: Analysis
(b)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for development of Scientific Landfill and
Compost Facility. It is proposed to develop a Scientific Landfill and Compost
facility in a phased manner and on module basis. Estimated Cost of development of
the above facility is approximately Rs. 3,062.00 Lakh. Table 8.39 indicates
estimated cost development of Sanitary Landfill and Compost Facility to cater for
2026.
127
Table 8.39: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Additional Augmentation Solid
Waste Management Equipments for 2026
Unit
Proposed
Quantity
Cost
Capacity
Deficit
Rs. Lakh
Solid Waste Disposal Site
Site
Acres
71.00
Disposal Facility Development
Sanitary Landfill
Sanitary Landfill Development
Sanitary Landfill Area
Compost Facility
Compost Facility Development
Compost Facility Area
MT
Acres
260.55
53.00
260.55
53.00
2,084.40
-
MT
Acres
391.00
19.00
391.00
19.00
977.50
-
Sub Total Disposal Facility Development

Total
Source: Analysis
5.

(i)
357.
3,061.90
3,061.90
Roads. The Project demand for Roads for 2011 is compared with the existing Road
Infrastructure, to verify the adequacy and need to augment the capacity of components.
The future trend of road network development is envisaged based on population growth
and land use; efficient system of road network; segregation of traffic; designalizing of
junction; and Upgradation, widening and strengthening of major junctions and corridors.
Projected road demand, for internal city roads, for 2011 is indicated in Table 8.40. Road
Demand for Upgradation and new formation for all Bus Route roads including NH, SH,
MDRs and major Bus-route Roads in indicated separately in Section 286, relating to
Traffic and Transportation.
Table 8.40: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Internal Roads (excluding
NH, SH, MDRs and major Bus-route Roads) for 2011
Unit
Existing
Demand
Status
Year 2005
Year 2011
Demand*
Surplus/ (Deficit)*
Kms
Road Length
663.63
711.48
Concrete Road
Kms
30.60
55.46
BT Road (Approved +
Kms
463.73
607.73
Unapproved)
WBM Road
Kms
93.40
48.29
Earthern Road
Kms
75.90
System Rehabilitation Upgradation of Internal City Roads
BT Roads to Concrete
Kms
19.08
(19.08)
Roads
WBM Roads to BT Roads
Kms
54.75
(54.75)
Earthen Roads to BT Roads Kms
75.90
(75.90)
New Infrastructure New Roads Formation
Concrete Road
Kms
55.46
(5.77)
128
Unit
Existing
Status
Year 2005
Demand
Year 2011
Demand*
Surplus/ (Deficit)*
BT Road
Kms
607.73
(36.48)
WBM Road
Kms
48.29
(9.65)
Earthern Road
Kms
* - Demand and Surplus/Deficit figures are based on Ward-wise Road Demand projection
after verifying the adequacy of present level of services.
Source: Analysis
358.
It is proposed to augment additional quantity of road network, (i) New Formation of

additional length of 5.77 kms of Cement Concrete Roads; (ii) New Formation of additional
length of 36.48 kms of Black Top Roads; and (iii) New Formation of additional length of
9.65 kms of WBM Roads. Existing Network augmentation is proposed by means of
strengthening, Re-surfacing and Upgradation of all City Roads and Internal Roads of
approximately 150 kms of length.
359.
Traffic and Transportation. Project Demand for Traffic and Transportation is considered
on long-term basis. Proposed augmentation of sub-components; (i) Core City Renewal, (ii)
Transport Network augmentation (Major Orbital Roads and Major Radial Roads), (iv)
Bridges, (v) Flyovers, (vi) Rail Over Bridges/ Rail under Bridges, (vii) Pedestrian
Subways, and (viii) Other City level Transport Facilities, of Traffic and Transportation
system is indicated below.
(i)
Core City Renewal. As a part of improvement to traffic systems in Core City Area is
proposed to Pedestrianise Mada Street, the inner ring road around the immediate
periphery of the Temple Complex, and improve Signages. Other layer of ring roads
in the Core City, Avani Moola Street, Massi Street, and Veli Street, are proposed to
be strengthened by Re-surfacing, Parking Management measures and Improved
Signages, to reduce Traffic Congestion and Pollution. Works identified under the
Sub-Component is proposed to be undertaken by the ULB.
(ii)
Transport Network Improvement. Strengthening with upgradation, Provision of

Pavements, Road Widening and New formation of incomplete linkages is proposed
as a part of augmentation of Transport Network in Madurai. The Proposals broadly
identifies improvement to Major Orbital Roads and improvements Radial Roads.
Works identified under the Sub-component is proposed to be undertaken by the
ULB and Other Agencies (i.e the Highway Department). It is proposed that the ULB
can take up Development of the Proposed Inner Ring Road and Widening and
Strengthening of the Phase I of ORR, on priority basis. Other Projects indicated
below can be taken-up by Highway Department.
(iii) Bridges. River Vaigai bisects Madurai City, Northwest to Southeast. The City is
linked across the river banks by means of Four Road Bridges (Bridge on By-Pass
Road, Road Bridge to North side of Vaigai River from Veli Street, Road Bridge to
South Side of Vaigai River from Devar Junction, and Road Bridge from Vandiyur to
Annanagar), Five Causeways (Arapalayam, Causeway along Railway Bridge,
Causeway along Road Bridge from Veli Street, Behind Rajaji Hospital, and
Kuruvikalan Chalai) and One Railway Bridge. It is proposed to upgrade the
129
Causeways to Road Bridges, to ease traffic congestion on existing corridors and

improve connectivity.
As a part of the linkage improvement it is proposed to upgrade Three Causeways, at
Arapalayam, Behind Rajaji Hospital and Kuruvikalan Chalai, into two lane Road
Bridges with shoulders. Based on field visit, it has been identified that the length of
these Bridges is approximately 0.5 kms each.
(iv)
Flyovers/ROBs/RUBs. Madurai serves as an important junction on ChennaiKanyakumari Railway line, with diversions to Rameshwaram and Theni. Rail Lines
diverge in three directions from the Rail Junction. The City is provided with Five
ROBs and One RUB at important Road-Rail Crossings. Three more ROBs are
under construction at major junction. The City is not provided with any Flyovers at
major Road Junctions. It is proposed to augment the capacity of major transport
corridors, through construction of Flyover and Junction improvement at major Road
Junctions.
(v)
Junction Improvement. Madurai City is densely populated and is an important

tourist destination, although the city's roads system has as many ill-designed road
intersections, which lack in many characteristics such as road geometric features,
channeling islands, parking lanes for turning vehicles, acceleration and deceleration
lanes etc. To improve the City image and the carrying capacity of road junctions, it
is proposed to provide grade separated pedestrian subways, Junction landscaping,
and improvement at selected Intersections.
(vii)
Other Traffic and Transport Facilities. Citing the regional and tourism
significance of Madurai, City and Regional level traffic and transport facilities,
like Truck Terminals, Bus Depot Complex, Parking Facility, and Whole Sale
Markets, is proposed to be developed in the City.
(a) Whole-Sale Market Facility. The wholesale activities in Madurai is presently
located in the CBD area, having an average inflow of 1400 trucks and out flow
of 1300 trucks handling 13,000 tonnes of goods daily. Hence, it is proposed to
relocated the Central Market and built Truck Terminals to serve the regional
goods traffic and the Market Facility. The whole sale market is proposed to be
relocated and built at Koodal Nagar, near Madurai Railway goods yard. It is
proposed to develop and facility of approximately on approximately 13 acres
of land.
(b) Truck Terminal Facility. The construction of the Truck terminal and shifting of
the wholesale market to Koodal Nagar may be taken up together. It is
proposed to develop two truck terminal facilities, along Mellur Road (near the
Flower Market) and along Dindigul road (near Koodal Nagar) respectively, to
address the major influx of goods and regional traffic. It is proposed to
develop two facilities of 200 truck parking capacity each equipped with drivers
rest shed, restaurants, dispensaries, workshop, petrol bunk, weigh bridge, fire
station, police station and toilets in addition to the parking area for the trucks.
(c) Multi-Storied Parking Facility. At present, there are no organized parking
130
places in the City. In the absence of inadequate parking lots, haphazard

parking of tourist and local vehicles causes traffic congestion. In addition to
this the loading and unloading of goods by traders posing parking problems.
Field Visits indicated that Places near Periyar Bus stand, Mathuthavani Bus
stand, Bharathiyar Shopping complex lack any organized parking facilities and
is proposed to be developed in a phased manner. As a part of the project, it is
proposed to develop Multi-Storied Parking facility for approximately 315
Vehicles. It is proposed to develop the facility at the Central Market location,
after relocating the Market to the new location at Koodal Nagar.
(d) Expansion and Improvement of Mattuthavani Bus Stand. It is proposed to
improve and expand the capacity of Bus Stand by construct of additional 68
Bus Bays, area for shops and other services.
(ii)
360.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Roads. Estimated Cost of Upgradation and New

Formation of City Roads for Road Demand for 2011, is Rs. 4,295 Lakh.
Table 8.41: Project Components and Cost Estimates for Augmentation of City Roads for
2011
Unit
Proposed
Quantity
Cost
Capacity
Deficit
Rs. Lakh
BT Roads to Concrete Roads
Kms
19.08
381.66
WBM Roads to BT Roads
Kms
54.75
821.32
Earthen Roads to BT Roads
Kms
75.90
1,518.00
New Infrastructure
Concrete Road
Kms
55.46
5.77
271.38
BT Road
Kms
607.73
36.48
1,167.47
WBM Road
Kms
48.29
9.65
135.09
Earthern Road
Kms
Total
4,294.91
Source: Analysis
361.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Traffic and Transportation. Estimated Cost of Core

City Renewal, Augmentation of Transport Network, and provision of City and Regional
Level Tranport infrastructure for Madurai City is approximately Rs. 124,342.83 Lakh,
which is to be shared by ULB and Highways Department. Estimated Cost of Projects to be
taken up by the ULB is approximately Rs. 26,241.83 Lakh.
362.
Project Investment is classified below into two sub-components, based on the

Implementing Agency for Projects, (a) Project Investment under ULB, and (b) Project
Investment under Highway Department/Other Agency.
(a)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Project to be implemented by ULB.

Estimated Cost of Core City Renewal through strengthening of roads, Improvement
to City level Transportation Network, construction of New Bridges, Flyovers,
Pedestrian Sub-ways and Improvement to Junctions, is approximately Rs. 26,241.83
131
Lakh. Table 8.42 indicates estimated cost of Project proposed to be undertaken by

the ULB.
Table 8.42: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Traffic and Transportation
Project to be undertaken by the ULB.
Units
Quantity
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Roads
(i) Core City Renewal
Pedestrianization and Signages

Kms
3.00
12.00
Kms
Kms
Kms
5.00
7.00
10.00
100.00
140.00
200.00
Kms
27.20
8,160.00
Kms
18.00
2,700.00
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1
1
1
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
Nos.
800.00
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1
1
1
1
1
1
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
Nos.
600.00
Nos.
600.00
Theni Road, By-Pass Road Junction

Near Madurai Corporation, Alagarkoil Road
Palanganatham Junction
Transport Facilities
Strengthening
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1
1
1
150.00
150.00
150.00
Improvement and Expansion of Mattuthavani Bus

Stand
Nos. of Bays
68
170.00
Nos. of Bays
200
600.00
Nos. of bays
200
600.00
39,153.00
12,193.00
1,566.10
487.70
Mada Street
Strengthening/Parking Management/Signage
Avani Moola Street
Masi Street
Veli Street
(ii) Improvement of Major Orbital Roads
Widening and Strengthening

ORR Phase I
Proposed Inner Ring Road (IRR Linking
Thirunelveli Rd- Rameswaram Rd- Melur RdDindigul Rd)
(iii) Replacement of Causeways to Bridges

Arapalayam
Kuruvikalan Chalai
Behing Rajaji General Hospital
(iv) Flyover
Yanaikal Jun
AV Bridge Jun
Kamarajar Junction
Hayathkhan Jun
Devar Jun
Milk Depot Jun
Kalavasal Jun
Yanaikal Jun
(v) Road Over Bridges/Road Under Bridges
Nadunkulam Road Level Crossing
Muthupatti Level Crossing
Muthupatti Level Crossing
(vi) Pedestrian Subways
New Formation
(i) Truck Terminals on Dindigul Road (Near
Koodal Nagar Junction)
(ii) Truck Terminals on Melur Road
(iii) Whole Sale Market for Vegetables and Grains
Phase I
Phase II
Sq.m
Sq.m
132
(iv) Multi-Storied Car Parking, Central Market
Phase I
Phase II
Units
Nos. of Bays
Nos. of Bays
Quantity
188
126
Cost
Rs. Lakh
752.00
504.00
Source: Analysis
(b)
Sub Components and Cost Estimates for Project to be implemented by Other

Agencies/Highway Department. Estimated Improvement to City level
Transportation Network, and Construction of New ROBs/RUBs, is approximately
Rs. 98,101 Lakh. Table 8.43 indicates estimated cost of Project proposed to be
undertaken by the Highway Department/Other Agencies.
Table 8.43: Project Sub-Components and Cost Estimates for Traffic and Transportation
Project to be undertaken by the Highway Department/Other Agencies.
Units
Quantity
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Roads
(i) Improvement of Major Orbital Roads
2 laning of Major Bus Route Roads
Kms
90
1,800.00
Kms
Kms
17.50
11.50
7,000.00
4,600.00
New Formation
Outer Ring Road Phase II (2 Lane)
Outer Ring Road Phase III (2 Lane)
(ii) Improvement of Major Radial Roads

Widening and Strengthening BCC road Km 441/0 443/0
Widening and Strengthening Madurai -- Natham
Road Km 0/0 -1/4
Widening and Strengthening Madurai -- Cochin
Road Km 3/2--5/2
Widening and Strengthening BCC Road Km
444/2-444/8
Widening and Strengthening NH Byepass Km
436/2--440/8 (Urban Limits)
Strengthening Trichy -- Madurai road Km
446/449/4
Kms
2.00
Kms
1.40
Kms
2.00
Kms
0.60
Kms
4.60
Kms
3.40
400.00
300.00
500.00
600.00
100.00
2000.00
(iii) Integration & Up gradation of SH Network with NH

Integration of SH (Madurai -- Natham Road) with
NH 45 B at Uthangudi and NH 7 at Samayanallur
Integration of SH 32 with NH 7 from TVS
Alagappan Nagar -- Avaniapurm -- Jeeva Nagar
Airport (Madurai -- Tuticorin Road)
Integration of SH(old NH45 B) connecting
Madurai-- Alagarkoil road Madurai Natham with
NH 7
Road branching from Km 2/8 of NH 7 connecting
Thirupparankundram -- Nilaiyur - Parabupatti -Perungudi -- Madurai Airport Jointing at Km 7/2 of
Madurai -- Tuticorin road
Kms
16.00
3,200.00
10.00
2,000.00
14.00
2,800.00
10.00
2,000.00
1.40
300.00
4.00
1,000.00
Kms
Kms
Kms
(iv)Formation of New Link Road

Vandiyur Melamadai Road Km 2/8 to Ring Road
including construction of Minor
Road branching from Km 447/6 of Trichy --
Kms
Kms
133
Units
Quantity
Cost
Rs. Lakh
Madurai road (Flower Market) to meet Ring Road
(v) Concreting of Major Roads

Vandiyur -- Melamandai Road Km 0/0--3/6
Pasumalai -- Thirunagar Road Km0/0-- 3/6
Service Road of Mayor Muthu Bridge at Km
443/8-444/4 of BCC road (Left side & Right Side)
Service Road of Muthu Ramalingathevar Bridge at
Km 444/4-445/0 of BCC road.
Service Road of NMR Subbraman bridge at Km
0/0-0/6 of Madurai -- Tuticorin road
Vandiyur -- Melamandai Road to Madurai -Thondi road (Via) Komathipuram road Km 0/0-1/6
Kms
Kms
Kms
3.60
3.60
1,080.00
1,080.00
1.00
300.00
1.20
360.00
1.20
360.00
1.60
480.00
200.00
Nos.
100.00
Nos.
200.00
Nos.
200.00
Nos.
Nos.
100.00
200.00
Nos.
200.00
300
60
60
800.00
25
25
25
10
50
100
300
200.00
200.00
200.00
600.00
300.00
600.00
800.00
50
300.00
200
700.00
100
600.00
150
650.00
3.80
12,000.00
2.00
6,000.00
3.00
0.60
9,000.00
2,000.00
Kms
Kms
Kms
(vi)Junction Improvements with white tapping & Land Scapping

Junction improvements at Km 0/8 of Madurai
Nos.
Natham road near Thammukkam
Junction improvements at Km 447/4 of Trichy
Madurai Road
Junction improvements at Km 446/0 of Trichy
Madurai Road
Junction improvements at Km 4/0Madurai
Melakkal Road
Junction improvements at Km 441/6 of BCC road
Tuticorin Road
Tuticorin Road
(vii)Pedestrian Subway
Km 440/2 of BCC road (Goripalayam)
East Veli Street 2 Nos. (Km 0/4 & 0/8)
Near St. Marys School (East Veli Street)
Km 442/2 (Junction Sakthi Sivam Theatre ) of
BCC road
Km 44/8 of BCC road (Entrance Railway Station)
Km 442/10 of BCC road (exist Railway Station)
Yanaikkal Junction (BCC road Km 442/2)
Trichy Madurai Road Km 448/8 (Near Court)
BCC road Km 443/2 (Near Periyar Bus Stand)
Madurai Cochin Road Km 5/2
Km 1/2 of Madurai --Natham Road (Near
Thallaklulam Perumal koil)
Km 0/8 of Madurai Natham Road (Near Post
office)
Km 1/4 of Madurai Natham Road (Near Periyar
Status)
Km 446/8 of Trichy Madurai Road (Near
Mattuthavani Bus Stand)
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
300.00
300.00
m
m
m
(vii)Elevated Highways
East Veli Street connecting St.Marys School,Anna
Statue -- Simmakkal -- Sethupathi School
BCC Road connecting -- Anna Bus Stand -Goripalayam --Thallakulam -- Pudur
Madurai Natham connecting -- Goripalayam -Thallakulam -- Pudur
BCC Road connecting Railway School --
Kms
Kms
Kms
Kms
134
Kattabomman Statue --Periyar Bus Stand to Muthu
Bridge.
Madurai Cochin Road Km 3/6 --5/8
NH Byepass Km 437/0 --439/8 (urban limit)
NH 7 Km 0/0-2/0 (From Palanganatham -Pasumalai)
Units
Kms
Kms
Kms
Quantity
Cost
Rs. Lakh
2.20
2.80
7,000.00
8,400.00
2.00
6,000.00
1.00
200.00
1.00
350.00
600.00
36.00
1400.00
84.00
510.00
2200.00
2400.00
1600.00
31.00
140.00
150.00
100.00
Nos.
1,250.00
Nos.
1,250.00
Nos.
2,000.00
Nos.
1,500.00
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
800.00
(vii) Bus Shelters

Thallakulam Bus Stop at Km 0/10 of Madurai -Natham road
Bus lay bye at Km 118/4 of NH 45 near Highcourt
Kms
Kms
(viii) Utility Duct and Storm Water Drains

Construction of Strom Water Drain from Km
444/2-444/8 of BCC Road
436/2-437/6 of BCC Road
445/0-445/6.
Madurai Cochin Road Km 3/4 - 5/2
Madurai Tuticorin Road Km 0/62/2( Left & Right)
Providing Pucca Drain from Km 441/4 -- 443/0
ROB
Providing ROB at Km 0/2 of Thirupparankundram
Town Road
Providing ROB at Km 1/4 of Thirupparankundram
Town Road
ROB branching from Km 0/4 of NH 7 and Leading
to TVS Nagar & Palanganathan Bus Stand
ROB branching from Km 0/2 of Madurai
Viradhanur -- Valayankulam Road ( Chindamani)
m
m
m
m
m
m
(ix) Flyovers
IRR-Aruppukotai Road Crossing
IRR-Nedungalam Road Crossing
IRR-Rameswaram Road Crossing
IRR-Sivaganga Road Crossing
IRR-Melur Road Crossing (Near Grain Market)
IRR-Alagarkoil Road Crossing
IRR-Natham Road Crossing
IRR-Dindigul Road-Rail Crossing
Source: Analysis
6.
Street Lighting
(i)
363.
Streetlighting Sub-Components. The Project demand for 2011 is compared with the
existing Streetlight Infrastructure, to verify the adequacy and need to augment the capacity
of components. Proposed augmentation of required components of the system is indicated
in Table 8.44 below.
135
Table 8.44: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Street lighting for 2011
Project SubUnit Existing
Demand
Component
Status
Year 2005
Year 2011
Demand Surplus/ Demand Surplus/
(Deficit)
(Deficit)*
Street Lights
Nos
24,009
19,909
23,715
Nos.
New Infrastructure
Installation of New
Nos.
3,217
(3,217)
Poles
Tube Light Fixtures
Nos.
16,012
15,927
18,976
(4,477)
High Power Fixtures
Nos.
7,987
3,982
4,723
(415)
High Mast Lights
Nos.
10
14
17
(4)
(7)
Power Saver
Nos.
10
14
17
(4)
(7)
Switches
* - Suplus/Deficit for Sub-components is worked out at Ward level, hence although the
Demand figures indicates an overall surplus, Wardlevel analysis indicates deficit. Figures
indicated in ( ) indicates sum of Wardlevel deficit.
Source: Analysis
364.
It is proposed to augment additional quantity, (i) Installation of 3,217 New Light Poles, (ii)
Installation of New High Power Fixtures and Conversion of Tube Lights to High Power
Fixtures, of 415 Nos., and (iii) Installation of 7 High Mast Lights at Major Junction, and
Power Saver Switches for energy optimization.
365.
Based on Discussions and field visits, it is understood that the existing Street Lights are in
good functional condition and do not require any major rehabilitation measures.
(ii)
366.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Street Lighting. Estimated Cost of Installation of

New Poles, High Power Fixtures, Tube Lights along the entire Road Length, based on
Norms, and Installation of High Mast Lights at Major Road Junction, with Power Saver
Switches, is Rs. 917.57 Lakh.
Table 8.45: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Street Lighting
Description
Units
Quantity Estimated
Cost
Rs. Lakh
New Infrastructure Provision
Installation of New Poles
Nos
3,217
643.40
Provision of Tube Lights
Nos
4,477
01.47
Conversion of Tube Lights to High Power Fixtures
Nos
69
6.21
Provision of High Power Fixtures
Nos
346
31.14
Installation of High Mast Lamps
Nos
7
35.00
Provision of Power Saver Switches
Nos
7
0.35
136
7.
Urban Basic Services for Poor

(i)
367.
Slum Infrastructure Sub-Components. The Project demand for Slums is compared with the
existing Infrastructure, to verify the adequacy and need to augment the capacity of
components. Proposed augmentation of required sub-components of the system; (i) Subcomponent for Housing and (ii) Sub-component for Basic Services, is indicated in Table
8.46 below. Project Demand for Slum is considered on long-term basis.
Table 8.46: Demand, Supply and Required Augmentation of Basic Services for Urban
Poor
Unit
Existing
Demand
Status
Year 2005
Demand
Surplus/
(Deficit)
Slum Households
Nos
60,257
60,257
Sub Component for Housing
Pucca Houses in Slums
HHs.
12,051
60,257(48,206)
Sub-Component for Basic Services
(i) Water Supply
Distribution Network
Kms.
146
(106)
Demand
Public Stand Post/Water
Nos.
2,548
4,043
(483)
Taps
(ii) Sewerage and Sanitation
Sewer Network Demand
Kms
146
(106)
Public Toilet Seats
Nos.
1,008
10,108
(2,827)
Public Urinals
Nos.
1,512
6,045
(1,475)
(iii) Solid Waste Management
Dustbins/ Temporary Waste
Nos.
1,123
(1,120)
Storage Points
Tricycle Containers
Nos.
419
(419)
Push Carts
Nos.
181
(181)
(iv) Roads
Kms
109
76
(v) Storm Water Drains
Kms
54
(54)
(vi) Street Lighting
Kms
990
3,627
(2,651)
Source: Analysis
(ii)
368.
Summary of Proposed Investments in Slums. Estimated Cost of Provision of Housing and

Infrastructure facilities in Slums, based on prescribed norms, is Rs. 52,481.78 Lakh.
137
Table 8.47: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Urban Poor

Description
Units
Estimated Cost
Rs. Lakh
Housing Infrastructure
Pucca Houses
Nos
48,205.60
Basic Infrastructure Provision
Water Supply
434.19
2,724.59
89.17
Storm Water Drains
Kms
816.15
Street Lights
Nos.
212.08
Total
52,481.78
Source: Analysis.
8.
Other Municipal Projects

(i)
Table 8.48: Summary of Proposed Improvement and Investments Other Municipal

Projects
Unit
Quantity
Year 2026
System Rehabilitation Works
Renovation of School Buildings
Nos.
6
New Formation
Parks and Playgrounds
Nos.
1
System Modernization and E-Governance
1
GIS Mapping
1
Capacity Building
ULB
Electric Crematorium
Nos.
1
Development of Heritage area - Beatification of
1
surrounding areas of Sri. Meenakshmi Amman
Temple
(ii)
369.
Summary of Proposed Investments. Estimated Cost of Other Municipal Projects, based on

City requirements, is Rs. 3,501.00 Lakh.
138
Table 8.49: The Investments for All Other Project

Component
Other Infrastructure Projects
Parks and Playgrounds
Setting up of My India Park
Development of Heritage area - Beatification of
surrounding areas of Sri. Meenakshmi Amman
Temple
Electric Crematorium
Construction of Modern Slaughter House
Institutional Strengthening & Capacity Building
System Modernization and E-Governance
GIS Mapping
Capacity Building
Total
Source: Analysis
Estimated cost
Rs. Lakh
685.00
1,000.00
300.00
516.00
200.00
500.00
200.00
100.00
3,501.00
139
IX.
A.
CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN & FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
Capital Investment Plan

Water Supply
370.. Water Supply. Under this component, provision of source development, raw water and
clear water transmission mains, distribution network, road restoration works, construction
of service reservoirs and treatment plant. The capital costs estimated for the proposed
interventions are to the tune of Rs. 18,112 Lakh. The detailed phasing of water supply
component investment is presented in the following table.
Table 9.1: Investment Phasing for the Water Supply Sector
Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Rs. Lakh
Intake and Pumping
Raw Water
Transmission
Clear Water
Transmission
Roads Covered with
Distribution
Network
Road Overlay
Elevated Storage
capacity w.r.t
Supply (2034)
Treatment Capacity
(2026)
Total
Source: Analysis
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
18.28
2,791
18.28
1,861
24.38
1,861
1,861
930
943.42
943.42
943.42
943.42
943.42
120.16
180.24
180.24
180.24
180.24
180.24
180.24
238.40
47.10
238.40
47.10
238.40
47.10
238.40
47.10
238.40
47.10
119.20
78.50
119.20
264.52
264.52
264.52
264.52
264.52
264.52
264.52
3,872.9
3,288.2
3,558
3,534
2,604.1
611.05
642.45

371.
An investment of Rs. 13,122.23 Lakh (base cost) for provision of under ground drainage
system is envisaged in lieu with the environmental aspects i.e., pollution of the fresh water
aquifer beneath in the region. Period of implementation for UGD is from 2006-2013. This
investment includes gap funding of ongoing NRCP project to the tune of Rs. 4,000 lakh.
The detailed phasing of CIP is presented in Table 9.2.
Table 9.2: Investment Phasing for the Sewerage

Component
06-07
07-08
08-09
Road Length Covered
(year 2026)
Road Overlay Cost
(year 2026)
Pumping Capacity
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
208.47
208.47
312.70
Rs. Lakh
312.70
416.94
416.94
208.47
138.98
208.47
208.47
277.96
277.96
277.96
66.57
99.85
99.85
66.57
140
Component
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
Rs. Lakh
Augmentation (2026)
Treatment Capacity
Augmentation (2026)
ASP
Refurbishment of
existing UGD System
Rehabilitation of
pump house
Gap funding
Total
246.99
246.99
740.98
740.98
493.98
463.50
463.50
618.00
390.00
390.00
520.00
4,000.00
5,061.97
1,200.95
1,972.73
868.02
1,535.72
1,502.44
980.41
Source: Analysis
Roads & Traffic and Transportation
372.
Rs. 4,295 lakh is proposed for up-gradation of existing roads to either BT or CC surfacing
and new formation of roads for the newly developed areas. Under traffic and transporation
component Rs. 26,242 lakh proposed to improve better transporation facilities in the city
and construction of truck terminals, shifting of whole sale market and multistoried car
parking. The details of investment phasing is summarised in Table 9.3.
Table 9.3: ULB Investment Phasing for the Roads and Traffic Transportation
Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Rs. Lakh
Roads
Upgradation
BT to Concrete
WBM to BT
Earthen to BT
New Formation
Concrete
Black Top
Water BM
Sub Total
Traffic &
Transportation
Core City Renewal
Major Orbital
Roads - ORR
Phase I
Major Orbital
Roads - IRR
Bridges
Flyover
Rail Over
Bridges/Rail Under
Bridges
Pedestrian Sub
Ways
Other Facilities
Truck Terminal I
Truck Terminal II
Whole Sale Market
Phase
2012-13
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
76.33
164.26
303.60
81.41
81.41
27.14
233.49
40.53
845.35
233.49
27.02
804.71
233.49
13.51
247.00
233.49
13.51
247.00
625.61
625.61
81.41
233.49
40.53
899.63
135.60
-
135.60
-
90.40
-
90.40
816.00
1632.00
2448.00
3264.00
270.00
540.00
810.00
1080.00
300.00
560.00
120.00
600.00
560.00
240.00
600.00
560.00
240.00
900.00
1,120.00
240.00
600.00
1,680.00
240.00
1,120.00
120.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
616.15
616.15
120.00
616.15
120.00
120.00
205.38
180.00
120.00
-
180.00
180.00
-
180.00
-
141
Component
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
Rs. Lakh
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
51.00
-
51.00
-
51.00
251.20
17.00
251.20
251.20
251.20
251.20
892.75
1,518.36
1,872.75
2,498.36
2,618.75
3,518.38
3,379.98
4,225.34
5,073.20
5,877.91
6,389.20
6,636.20
6,015.20
6,262.20
Bus Stand
Multi storied Car
Parking
Sub Total
Grant Total
Source: Analysis
373.
Projects which are proposed under other implementing agency like highway is to the tune
of Rs. 98,101 lakh and the detailed investment schedule is presented in Table 9.4.
Table 9.4: Highways Project Investment Phasing

Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Traffic &
Transportation
Major Orbital Roads Bus Route Roads
Major Orbital Roads Proposed ORR Phase II
& III
2009-10
Rs. Lakh
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
360.00
360.00
360.00
360.00
360.00
2,320.00
2,320.00
2,320.00
2,320.00
2,320.00
Thirumangalam Bypass
Major Radial Roads
150.00
-
150.00
1,530.00
200.00
3,060.00
3,060.00
3,060.00
3,060.00
1,530.00
Rail Over Bridges/Rail

Under Bridges
Pedestrian Sub Ways
Road side Busstand
CC Roads
Utility Duct
Elevated Roads
Junction Improvements
Total
1,200.00
1,310.00
165.00
732.00
10,080.00
360.00
16,677.00
1,200.00
1,310.00
385.00
732.00
162.30
10,080.00
480.00
18,709.30
1,200.00
1,310.00
732.00
162.30
10,080.00
360.00
19,784.30
600.00
655.00
366.00
216.40
5,040.00
12,617.40
600.00
655.00
366.00
5,040.00
12,401.00
600.00
655.00
366.00
5,040.00
9,721.00
600.00
655.00
366.00
5,040.00
8,191.00
Source: Analysis
Storm Water Drainage & Natural Drains
374.
The proposed investments are in line with new formation of pucca drains and desiliting &
strengthening of primary drains. The estimated cost for extension and augmentation of
storm water drainage including the improvement measures to primary drains is about Rs.
14,971.06 lakh. Further to this lakes and ponds desiliting and bunding is proposed to the
tune of Rs. 655 lakh. The capital investment phasing for storm water drains and desilting
of primary drains/lakes are presented in Table 9.5.
142
Table 9.5: Investment Phasing for Storm Water Drains and Natural Drains
Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Rs. lakh
Storm Water Drains
New pucca open drains
New pucca closed drains
Natural Drains
Desilting & Strengthening
of Primary Drains
Improvement of Lakes
Total
2011-12
2012-13
649.85
688.26
974.77
1,032.39
974.77
1,032.39
974.77
1,032.39
974.77
1,032.39
974.77
1,032.39
974.77
1,032.39
159.00
159.00
318.00
318.00
318.00
159.00
159.00
65.50
1,562.61
98.25
2,264.41
98.25
2,423.41
98.25
2,423.41
98.25
2,423.41
98.25
2,264.41
98.25
2,264.41
Source: Analysis
375.
The total investment identified for this sector is Rs. 3,632 lakh. The requirements at the
disposal site are planned for the horizon year 2026. In addition, the other components of
primary and secondary collection are planned for the immediate requirements and
demands. The capital investment phasing for solid waste management sector is presented
in Table 9.6.
Table 9.6: Investment Phasing for the Solid Waste Management

Component
2006200720082009201007
08
09
10
11
Rs. lakh
Primary Collections Vehicles
Push Carts Required
Containerized Tricycles (6 bins)
Secondary Collection
Container Bins (2.5 T) Capacity
Transportation Vehicles
Dual Loaded Dumper Placers
Disposal Site
Land Fill Development
Compost Facility Development
Total
201112
201213
13.75
22.38
20.63
33.58
20.63
33.58
13.75
22.38
26.73
26.73
35.64
90.00
90.00
120.00
208.44
97.75
152.87
416.88
195.50
477.12
416.88
195.50
822.22
416.88
195.50
648.52
416.88
195.50
612.38
208.44
97.75
612.38
208.44
97.75
306.19
Source: Analysis
Street Lighting
376.
Rs. 917.57 lakh is identified for the provision of additional streetlights for Madurai
Corporation. Additional amount to the tune of Rs. 64.85 lakh is proposed for conversion of
existing conventional tube lights to retrofit tube lights to save engergy in streetlighting
sector. The capital investment plan for street lighting is presented in Table 9.7.
143
Table 9.7: Investment Phasing for the Street Lighting

Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Lamp Posts
Tube Light
High Power
High Mast Lamps
Power Saver (Auto
timer) Switches
Total
2009-10
Rs. lakh
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
40.29
7.47
7.00
0.35
30.22
5.60
5.25
-
128.68
30.22
5.60
5.25
-
128.68
30.22
5.60
5.25
-
128.68
30.22
5.60
5.25
-
128.68
20.15
3.74
3.50
-
128.68
20.15
3.74
3.50
-
55.11
41.07
169.75
169.75
169.75
156.06
156.06
Source: Analysis
Urban Basic Services for Poor
377.
To improve the basic infrastructure facilities in slums investment is proposed to the tune of
Rs. 4,276 lakh. Additional investments to the tune of Rs. 48,206 lakh is proposed for
costruction of houses for slum households, this component would be implemented by
Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB). All other infrastructre components others
than housing component is considered for Corporation investment. The capital investment
plan for urban basic services for poor is presented in Table 9.8.
Table 9.8: Investment Phasing for the Slums

Component
2006-07 2007-08
Water Distribution
Network
No. of Public Water
Tanks/ Taps/ Hand pumps
Sewer Network
Public Toilet Seats
Public Urinals
Dustbins/ Temporary
Waste Storage Points
Tricycle Bins
Push Carts
Storm Water Drains
Streetlights
Sub Total
Housing component
Grand Total
2008-09
2009-10
Rs. Lakh
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
53.01
79.51
79.51
26.50
26.50
50.74
33.83
33.83
50.74
50.14
12.77
106.02
282.74
50.14
12.77
212.04
424.12
50.14
8.51
212.04
424.12
8.51
212.04
82.74
-
212.04
50.14
-
106.02
50.14
-
10.07
3.92
163.23
42.42
386.29
4,820.56
5,206.85
10.07
3.92
163.23
42.42
784.64
7,230.84
8,015.48
6.71
2.61
163.23
42.42
1,023.11
7,230.84
8,253.95
6.71
2.61
163.23
894.46
7,230.84
8,125.30
521.29
7,230.84
7,752.13
81.62
42.42
386.21
7,230.84
7,617.05
81.62
42.42
280.19
7,230.84
7,511.03
Source: Analysis
Other Identified Projects
378.
Investment is proposed to the tune of Rs. 3,501 lakh for improvement of heritage area
around Sri. Meenakshi Amman Temple, setting up of my india park and improvement and
development of new parks with in the corporation limit. Further to this investment is
proposed for cpacity building, GIS Mapping to improve the revenue collection
performance.The capital investment plan for other components is presented in Table 9.9.
144
Table 9.9: Investment Phasing for the Other Projects

Component
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Development of
Heritage area Beautification of
Surrounding Sri.
Meenakshi Amman
Temple
Setting up of My India
Park
Improvement of Park
and zoo
System Modernisation
and E-Governance
GIS Mapping
Capacity Building
Electrical Crematorium
Construction of modern
slaughter House
Total
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
60.00
100
800.00
100.00
68.50
137.00
137.00
137.00
137.00
68.50
100.00
150.00
150.00
100.00
30.00
-
40.00
30.00
-
60.00
20.00
20.00
60.00
20.00
103.20
40.00
40.00
103.20
40.00
154.80
40.00
154.80
60.00
298.50
1217.00
547.00
720.20
443.20
491.80
283.30
Source: Analysis
Summary
379.
The total estimated base cost of projects is to the tune of Rs. 236,094.86 lakh. Out of the
total investment, Rs. 89,788.25 lakh is proposed as corporation component. The summary
of project outlay is presented in Table 9.10.
Table 9.10: Component wise Investments
Sector
Corporation Component
Water Supply
Sewerage
Roads & Traffic and Transportation
Storm Water Drains & Desilting of Natural Drains
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradation
Others
Sub-total (Corporation Component)
Other Agency Investment Component
Housing component for Slum
Sub-total (Other Agency Investment Component)
Grant Total
Source : Analysis
Capital Outlay
Rs. Lakh
18,111.95
13,122.23
30,536.74
15,626.06
3,631.68
982.41
4,276.18
3,501.00
89,788.25
98,101.00
48,205.60
146,306.60
236,094.86
145
B.
1.
371.
2.
Financial Sustainability
Financial Sustainability
Sustainability Analysis. The sustainability analysis assumes that the Corporation will carry
out reforms indicated as assumptions for financial projections. A financial and operating
plan (FOP) prepared for Madurai Corporation then evaluates the Corporation fund status
for the following scenarios:
(i)
Base Case Scenario. In the base case scenario, the finances of the ULB are forecast
in a do nothing or without project scenario. Additional resources mobilized
through various initiatives like expenditure control through energy savings,
privatization etc. and further resources mobilized through introducing conservancy
fee, parking fee, remunerative assets lease/ rental value appreciation and extending
advertisement fee coverage are loaded on to the FOP. The revenue surplus thus
generated indicates the ULBs capacity to service capital expenditure.
(ii)
Full Project Scenario. The Full project investment scenario is based on

investments identified for Madurai Corporation and the requirement for upgrading
the citys infrastructure is estimated and phased based on the construction activity
and investment priority. Implications of this investment in terms of external
borrowings required, resultant debt service commitment, and additional operation
and maintenance expenditure are worked out to ascertain sub-project cash flows.
Revenue surpluses from the Base Case Scenario are applied to sub-project cash
flows emerging from full project investments the Corporation fund net surpluses
indicates the ULBs ability to sustain full investments. FY 2020 is assumed as the
reference year to determine the net surpluses and whether the Corporation
maintains a debt/revenue surplus ratio as an indication of the ULBs ability to
sustain investments.
Basic Assumptions for Projections
372.
The FOP is based on a whole range of assumptions related to income and expenditure.
These are critical to ascertain the investment sustenance and would also provide a tool to
test certain specific policy decisions regarding revenue and expenditure drivers on the
overall Corporation fiscal situation. This section elucidates the key assumption adopted for
the three FOP scenarios.
373.
The FOP is a cash flow stream of the ULB based on the regular Corporation revenues,
expenditures, and applicability of surplus funds to support project sustainability. The FOP
horizon is determined to assess the impact of full debt servicing liability resulting from the
borrowings to meet the identified interventions. The proposed capital investments are
phased over seven years investment from FY 2006-07 to 2015-16 implying that the last
loan draw down would occur in FY 2020-21. Considering a five-year moratorium period,
the debt servicing commitment will commence in the FY 2011-12.
146
374.
Revenue Income. The assumptions for forecasting revenue income comprise:

(i)
Taxes and charges. In cases like property related taxes, water charges and
sewerage charges, where the base and basis of revenue realization are known and
predictable, the likely revenue is forecast based on certain assumptions regarding
growth in number of assessments, revision in ARV (in case of property-related
taxes), revision in charges/tariffs and improvement in collection efficiencies. The
assumptions with regards basis for forecasting revenue income of taxes and
charges are the same for two scenarios. However, the tax base (number of
connections) varies for the two scenarios, assuming that the new investments in
water supply and sewerage schemes will result in increased coverage of the
infrastructure systems. Table 9.11, Table 9.12, Table 9.13, Table 9.14 & Table
9.15 list the assumptions adopted with regards forecasting income from property
tax, water charges, drainage charges and conservancy fee respectively under the
three FOP scenarios. The investment scenarios include both full project and
sustainable investment scenarios.
Table 9.11: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Property Tax
Base Case
Description
Current Level
Scenario
Annual growth in number of
2.24
2.50
assessments (%)
Average ARV per Property
6,824
6,824
(Rs. Per Annum)
Tax Rate (% of ARV)
27.00
27.00
Periodic increase in ARV
(30%) per Property
2006-07
Rs.8,871
2011-12
Rs.11,532
2016-17
Rs.14,992
Collection Performance (% of
Demand)
Arrears
17.00
30.00
Current
80.00
85.00
Source: Analysis
Investment
Scenarios
2.50
6,824
27.00
Rs.8,871
Rs.11,532
Rs.14,992
50.00
85.00
Table 9.12: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Water Charges
Base Case
Investment
Description
Current Level
Scenario
Scenarios
% water connections to property
63
63
80
tax assessments
Existing monthly water charge per
connection (Rs.)
Domestic
42.85
42.85
42.85
Non Domestic
85.00
85.00
85.00
Industrial
150.00
150.00
150.00
Periodic revision in water charges
(%)
2006-07
15.00%
15.00%
Domestic
Rs.50
Rs.50
Non Domestic
Rs.100
Rs.100
147
Description
Industrial
2009-10
Domestic
Non Domestic
Industrial
2011-12
Domestic
Non Domestic
Industrial
2015-16
Domestic
Non Domestic
Industrial
Demand)
Arrears
Current
One time connection fee (Rs.)
Domestic
Non Domestic
Industrial
Periodic revision of one time
connection fee
Source: Analysis
Base Case
Scenario
Rs.175
15.00%
Rs.60
Rs.115
Rs.205
15.00%
Rs.70
Rs.135
Rs.240
15.00%
Rs.85
Rs.160
Rs.280
Investment
Scenarios
Rs.175
15.00%
Rs.60
Rs.115
Rs.205
15.00%
Rs.70
Rs.135
Rs.240
15.00%
Rs.85
Rs.160
Rs.280
56.00
70.00
50.00
80.00
50.00
80.00
1,000
2,000
4,000
1,000
2,000
4,000
20 % - Once in
3 yrs
1,000
2,000
4,000
20 % - Once in
3 yrs
Current Level
-
Table 9.13: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Sewerage Charges
Base Case
Investment
Description
Current Level
Scenario
Scenarios
% Sewerage connections to PT
55
55
80
assessments
Monthly sewerage charge per
connection (Rs.)
Domestic
125.00
125.00
Non Domestic
150.00
150.00
Industrial
375.00
375.00
Periodic revision in sewerage
charges (%)
2006-07
15.00%
15.00%
Domestic
Rs.145
Rs.145
Non Domestic
Rs.290
Rs.290
Industrial
Rs.435
Rs.435
2009-10
15.00%
15.00%
Domestic
Rs.170
Rs.170
Non Domestic
Rs.330
Rs.330
Industrial
Rs.505
Rs.505
2011-12
15.00%
15.00%
Domestic
Rs.200
Rs.200
Non Domestic
Rs.390
Rs.390
Industrial
Rs.585
Rs.585
148
Description
Demand)
Arrears
Current
One time connection fee (Rs.)
Domestic
Non Domestic
Industrial
Periodic revision of one time
connection fee
Source: Analysis
Current Level
Base Case
Scenario
Investment
Scenarios
62
86
50.00
80.00
50.00
80.00
6,000
10,000
10,000
6,000
10,000
10,000
20 % - 3 yrs
once
7,250
12,000
12,000
20 % - 3 yrs
once
Table 9.14: Key assumptions for forecasting income from Solid Waste conservancy fee
Description
Base Case
Investment
Current Level
Scenario
Scenarios
% coverage to PT assessments
Domestic
700
Non Domestic
100
Monthly conservancy fee per PT
assessment (Rs.)
Domestic
15.00
Non Domestic
50.00
Periodic revision in conservancy
fee (15%)
2006-07
15.00
Domestic
Rs. 15
Non Domestic
Rs. 50
2009-10
15.00
Domestic
Rs. 20
Non Domestic
Rs. 60
2011-12
15.00
2015-16
15.00
2018-19
15.00
Demand)
Arrears
50.00
Current
80.00
Source: Analysis
(ii)
Other Revenue Income from Own Sources. All revenue income from own sources
other than property-related taxes, and water and sewerage charges, where the base
and basis is not clearly defined, are forecast based on the observed trend during the
assessment period (2000-01 to 2003-04), subject to minimum and maximum annual
growth rates of 5 percent and 10 percent, respectively. Though the income from the
Corporation properties and markets past trend witnessed low growth trend, by
taking necessary action towards upward revision and through increasing collection
efficiency Corporation can achieve 10 percent growth per annum. Since most of the
items past trend does not provide clear growth trend over the assessment period, it
was assumed that a minimum of 5 per cent and a maximum of 10 percent annum.
149
Table 9.15: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Other Own Sources
Description
Current Level
Assumption
Profession tax
(7.79 %)
5.00 %
Other taxes & Charges
(13.23 %)
5.00 %
Income from Corporation Properties and Markets
6.77 %
10.00 %
License Income (Trade, etc.)
2.24 %
5.00 %
Income from Special Services
20.02 %
10.00 %
Income from Sale Proceeds
(100.00 %)
5.00 %
Income from Fees and Fines
8.42 %
8.42 %
Income from Interest on Deposits
59.49 %
6.00 %
Income from Investments (Excl. Interest)
-5.00 %
Miscellaneous Income
22.83 %
10.00 %
Source: Analysis
(iii)
Assigned Revenue. Items of assigned revenue such as surcharge on stamp duty,

entertainment tax share, etc. are forecast based on the observed trend during the
assessment period (2001 to 2003-04), subject to minimum and maximum annual
growth rates of 5 percent and 15 percent, respectively. Entertainment tax observed
trend during the assessment period was 6.35 percent, which attributes to
inconsistent transfer of ULB share during the review period. Hence, a nominal
growth rate of 7 percent assumed to forecast the revenue. In case of surcharge on
stamp duty witnessed a high growth rate of 26.49 percent during the review period,
which is very high. This high growth trend attributed to uneven transfer of stamp
duty to Corporation. Considering high property value appreciation in the city a
maximum of 10 percent has been adopted to forecast the revenue.
Table 9.16: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Assigned Sources
Description
Current Level
Assumption
Entertainment Tax
6.35 %
7.00 %
Surcharge on Stamp Duty
26.49 %
10.00 %
Other Transfers
15.60 %
5.00 %
Total- Assigned Revenue
19.31 %
Source: Analysis
(iv)
Grants and Contributions. Revenue income in the form of grants and contributions
are also forecast based on the observed trend during the review period (2000 - 01 to
2003-04), subject to minimum and maximum annual growth rates of 5 percent and
15 percent respectively. Although SFC devolution observed trend was very low,
owing to inconsistent transfer of grant and incentive fund/equalization fund
received during the review period. Considering the States tax revenue growth trend
forecast, population growth trend and reforms measures initiated by the
Corporation will fetch more devolution fund. In this perspective, a maximum of 5
percent growth per annum adopted.
150
Table 9.17: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Income from Grants & Contributions
Description
Current Level
Assumption
State Finance Commission Grant
1.12 %
5.00 %
Other Grants
3.33 %
5.00 %
Total- Grants & Contribution
1.27 %
Source: Analysis
(v)
375.
Additional Revenue Income due to Sub-Projects. The sub-projects in case of

water and sewerage projects are expected to fetch additional revenue by way of
increase in number of assessments and levy of user charges (in cases where a new
sewerage system is proposed). The sewerage charge is adopted as per Table 9.33
starting from 2007-08 and a revision of 15 percent is proposed every three years,
beginning from 2007-08. The additional revenue income due to water supply and
sewerage sub-projects is computed based on the proposed number of new
connections, proposed tariffs and assumed collection performance. In addition solid
waste conservancy fee also planned to levy on property assessments.
Revenue Expenditure. Key assumptions for forecasting revenue expenditure comprise:

(i)
Expenditure on Corporation Services. Expenditure on Corporation services
including general administration, revenue collection and service delivery are
forecast based on the observed trend during the assessment period (2000-01 to
2003-04), subject to minimum and maximum annual growth rates of 5 percent and
20 percent, respectively. However, the public works and roads revenue expenditure
trend witnessed negative growth rate considering the necessity to upkeep the
corporation roads it was assumed at 10 percent per annum for forecast. Incase of
street lighting through privatization and energy saving measures Corporation can
maintain expenditure including energy consumption and maintenance at a rate of
10 percent, while the existing trend is at 81.53 percent.
Table 9.18: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Forecasting Revenue Expenditure
Description
Current Level
Assumption
General Administration & Revenue Collection
Staff Salary and Employee Related Expenses
(2.77 %)
5.00%
Allowances to Elected Representatives
7.38 %
7.38%
General Expenses
13.76 %
10.00%
Pensions and Gratuities
(9.09 %)
5.00%
Education - Staff Salary
-5.00%
Miscellaneous
(32.54 %)
5.00%
Total-General Admin. & Revenue Collection
5.54 %
Corporation Services excl. W&D
General Expenses
3.84 %
5.00%
Public Works and Roads
(9.82 %)
10.00%
Public Health and Conservancy
19.20 %
10.00%
Street Lighting (including Electricity Charges)
81.53 %
10.00%
Education
(3.49 %)
5.00%
Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
3.65 %
5.00%
Miscellaneous
(35.89 %)
5.00%
Total- Corporation Services excl. W&D
15.01 %
Source: Analysis
151
Table 9.19: Key Growth Rate Assumptions for Forecasting Water Supply Revenue
Expenditure
Description
Current Level
Assumption
Staff Salary & Employee Related Expenses
1.74 %
8.00%
Administration Expenses
(15.95 %)
5.00%
Equipment Maintenance & Repairs
7.55 %
8.00%
Board Payment
(100.00 %)
10.00%
Electricity Charges
(5.91 %)
10.00%
Vehicle Maintenance & Repairs
(16.59 %)
10.00%
Miscellaneous
372.94 %
10.00%
Total- Water Supply & Drainage
0.78 %
Source: Analysis
(ii)
Outstanding Non-debt Liabilities. The outstanding non-debt liabilities like

payments due to employees, TNEB, TWAD, State Government cess, etc. are
assumed to be cleared in equal installments over a 5-year period from 2006-07 to
2010-11. Wherever data was provided by the ULB, it was considered for preparing
the FOP.
(iv)
Outstanding Debt Liabilities. The outstanding debt liabilities are proposed for
clearance over a 10-year period beginning 2006-07 to 2016-17 with the furnished
interest rate adopted otherwise at a constant interest of 9.50 percent per annum was
assumed.
(iv)
Additional O&M Expenditure due to Sub-Projects. While each sector identifies the
O&M costs applicable for asset maintenance (manpower, consumables, power
charges, etc.), a proportion of the capital cost was derived for projections. Table
9.20 presents the assumptions regarding O&M expenditure on new assets.
Table 9.20: Assumptions for O&M Expenditure

Sector
Water Supply
Sewerage & Sanitation
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradation
Others
Source: Analysis
376.
As % of Capital Cost
6.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
10.00
10.00
1.00
2.00
Capital Account. In case of capital account, No regular capital grant is expected during the
forecast period, as this scenario is aimed at ascertaining the ULBs capacity to generate
internal resources that would be leveraged to undertake identified sub-projects. In the
identified investment and sustainable investment scenarios, sub-project cash flows are
loaded onto the FOP and their impact on municipal finances in corresponding scenarios
are tested. Key assumptions regarding capital account are investment phasing and project
financing/funding structures.
152
377.
Capital Expenditure. The estimated expenditure for implementing sub-projects is phased

over a seven period beginning 2006-07. Based on the above phasing the actual investment
requirement over the seven-year period is ascertained adopting a physical contingency of
seven percent and a price contingency of six percent per annum. Following tables presents
the base full project cost and implementation schedule.
Table 9.21: Summary of estimated capital investment and phasing schedule

Total
Investment
Rs. Lakh 2006-07
Sector
Corporation Infrastructure
Water Supply
Roads
Storm Water Drains
Solid Waste Mgmt
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradation
Others
Sub Total ULB Investment
18,111.95
9,122.23
30,536.74
15,626.06
3,631.68
982.41
4,276.18
3,501.00
85,788.25
21%
12%
5%
10%
4%
6%
9%
6%
Investment Phasing (%)

2007-08
2008-09
18%
13%
8%
14%
13%
4%
18%
18%
2009-10
20%
22%
12%
16%
23%
19%
24%
21%
2010-11
20%
10%
14%
16%
18%
19%
21%
21%
14%
17%
19%
16%
17%
19%
12%
13%
2011-12
2012-13
3%
16%
22%
14%
17%
17%
9%
14%
4%
11%
21%
14%
8%
17%
7%
8%
Source: Analysis
Table 9.22: Summary of investment phasing - ULB component
Total
Investment
Rs. Lakh
2006-07
Sector
Corporation Infrastructure
Water Supply
Roads
Storm Water Drains
Solid Waste Mgmt
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradation
Others
Sub Total ULB Investment
18,111.95
9,122.23
30,536.74
15,626.06
3,631.68
982.41
4,276.18
3,501.00
85,788.25
3,872.98
1,061.97
1,518.36
1,562.61
152.87
59.01
386.29
198.50
Investment Phasing Rs. Lakh at Current Price

2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
3,288.19
1,200.95
2,498.36
2,264.41
477.12
43.98
784.64
617.00
3,558.80
1,972.73
3,518.38
2,423.41
822.22
181.75
1,023.11
747.00
3,534.42
868.02
4,225.34
2,423.41
648.52
181.75
894.46
720.20
2,604.05 611.05
1,535.72 1,502.44
5,877.91 6,636.20
2,423.41 2,264.41
612.38 612.38
181.75 167.09
521.29 386.21
443.20 491.80
Source: Analysis
378.
Capital Income. As per the following financing plan ULBs investment share and other
agencies investments are proposed as per NURM guidelines.
Table 9.23: Financing pattern for proposed projects
Sector
Central Govt.
Grant
Water Supply
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradation
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
State Govt.
Grant
Percentage
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
ULB/FIs/PPP/
Beneficiaries
30
30
30
30
30
30
25
153
2012-13
642.45
980.41
6,262.20
2,264.41
306.19
167.09
280.19
283.30
Sector
Central Govt.
Grant
Others
Other Implementing agency
component
Traffic & Transportation - Other
Agency
Slum Housing - TNSCB
Source: NURM Guidelines
State Govt.
Grant
Percentage
50
20
30
50
20
30
50
25
25
Table 9.24: One-time charges for water & sewerage connections

Water Supply
Sl.No Description
1
Domestic
1,000
2
Non Domestic
2,000
3
Industrial
4,000
379.
ULB/FIs/PPP/
Beneficiaries
Sewerage
6,000
10,000
10,000
In summary, the following key assumptions were made while preparing the cash flows:
(i)
Revenue Income .
a. Property Tax: Projected based on ARV per property; number of assessments
to grow at a nominal 3 percent per annum; ARV for all properties revised
once in 5 years beginning 2006-07 at 30 percent; and collection performance
assumed at 50 percent against arrears demand and 80 percent against current
demand.
b. Water Charges: At a nominal 2.25 percent per annum (proportionate to
property tax assessment growth rate) regular connections are envisaged in
the base case scenario and increase in water connections is a result of the
availability of additional water for distribution it is assumed that 80
percent of the property tax connections would have water connections by FY
2009-10; the current rate of water charge is maintained till 2005-06, and
from 2006-07 a 15 percent increase is assumed every 3 years; collection
performance is assumed at 50 percent against arrears demand and 80 percent
against current demand; and new (one-time) connection charges are
collected as per the current rate till 2005-06, and from 2006-07 a 20 percent
increase in every 3 years.
c. Sewerage Charges: No new connections envisaged in base case scenario and
sewer connections are provided under the Project it is assumed that 80
percent of the property tax connections would have water connections by FY
2011; monthly flat rate of Rs. 125, Rs, 150 & Rs. 375 per connection for
domestic, non domestic and industrial connections respectively, it is
assumed for sewerage charge starts from 2007 - 08, and from then on a 15
percent increase is assumed every 3 years; collection performance is
assumed at 50 percent against arrears demand and 80 percent against current
demand.
154
d. Conservancy Fee: In base case scenario and investment scenarios, it is

assumed that 70 percent of the residential property tax assessments and 100
percent of non domestic property assessments would have to be brought
under the conservancy fee coverage net. Monthly conservancy fee of Rs. 15
& Rs, 50 per property assessment s has been proposed for residential and
non domestic properties respectively. It is assumed for conservancy fee
starts from 2006-07, and from then on a 15 percent increase is assumed
every 3 years; collection performance is assumed at 50 percent against
arrears demand and 80 percent against current demand.
e. All other Revenue income items. (including Corporation own sources, grants
and assigned revenues): past trend is adopted, subject to minimum and
maximum ceilings of 5 and 15 percent per annum, respectively.
(ii)
Revenue Expenditure.
a. Past trend is adopted, subject to minimum and maximum ceilings of 5 and
20 percent per annum, respectively.
b. Additional O&M expenditure is estimated based on ascertained percentages
of capital costs.
c. All outstanding non-debt liabilities are to be cleared off in the next 5 years.
d. All outstanding debt liabilities are to be cleared off in the next 10 years at an
interest rate provided by the ULB, otherwise at an average interest rate of
9.50 percent.
e. New loans are to be serviced over a 20-year tenor (including a five-year
principal plus interest moratorium).
(iii)
Capital Expenditure.
a. Capital expenditure is forecast based on the identified investments.
b. The base costs estimated are at 2005-06 prices, which are then indexed by 7
percent for physical contingencies, and 6 percent for price contingencies.
(iv)
Capital Income.
a. Based on the past trend regular capital grants are estimated.
b. Capital income is ascertained based on assumed project financing patterns
as detailed in Table 9.23.
3.
380.
Project Cash Flows and FOP Results

The base case scenario is worked out considering only the revenue account transactions to
assess the Corporation capacity to generate revenue surpluses that could be leveraged to
undertake capital investments. Detailed cash flows are worked out for each of the subprojects based on the assumptions with regards investment phasing, financing pattern,
additional O&M expenditure and additional income due to proposed capital investments,
for the Full Project scenario. The net project cash flows are then loaded onto the base case
scenario to test their impact on the overall Corporation fiscal situation.
155
381.
(i)
382.
Base Case Scenario. The base case scenario results indicate that under the past-trend based
assumptions adopted, Madurai Corporation would end up with a positive cumulative
surplus of Rs. 19,499 lakh by the end of FY 15. With reforms and additional resource
mobilization initiatives like energy savings in street lighting and parking fee, levying of
new charges like conservancy fee Corporation can reach above said cumulative surplus
(refer Table 9.26).
Figure 9.1: Sector wise Investment
Water Supply
Full Project Sustenance
8%
Scenario. Table 9.27
4%
presents a summary of total
Road and Traffic
Housing - TNSCB
Management
project cash flows due to the
21%
13%
full project scenario. The
total net project cash flows
due to full project when
loaded onto the base case
7%
Scenario FOP indicate that
Madurai Corporation would
Solid Waste
Management
sustain the proposed
2%
investment. Table 9.27
Street Lighting
0%
presents a summary of the
Slum Upgradations
2%
Traffic & Transportation Corporation fiscal status in
Others
Other Agency
2%
the Full Project scenario. The
41%
full project (Corporation
share) investment proposed
for Madurai is to the tune of Rs. 85,788.26 lakh, details of sector wise financing pattern is
presented in the following table.
Out of the total project costs, the share of ULB is Rs. 25,522.66 lakh, which would
financed through internal accruals, debt financing and private sector participation. ULB
would mobilise the resources to the tune of 80% of their share with the remaining 20%
coming from FIs and private sector participation.
Table 9.25: Summary of Financing Plan
Sectors
Corporation Investment Share

Water Supply
Road and Traffic Management
Street Lighting
Slum Up gradations
Others
ULB/FIs/PP
P/Beneficiar
ies
Rs. Lakh
Central
Govt. Grant
State Govt.
Grant
9,055.97
4,561.12
15,268.37
7,813.03
1,815.84
491.21
2,138.09
1,750.50
3,622.39
1,824.45
6,107.35
3,125.21
726.34
196.48
1,069.05
700.20
5,433.58
2,736.67
9,161.02
4,687.82
1,089.50
294.72
1,069.05
1,050.30
Total
18,111.95
9,122.23
30,536.74
15,626.06
3,631.68
982.41
4,276.18
3,501.00
156
Sectors
Gap Funding for ongoing

Sewerage scheme
Sub Total- Corporation Share
Other agencies Investments
Share
NH/SH Agency
Slum Housing - TNSCB
Sub Total - Other agencies
Share
Grand Total
ULB/FIs/PP
P/Beneficiar
ies
Rs. Lakh
Central
Govt. Grant
State Govt.
Grant
4,000.00
46,894.13
17,371.47
25,522.66
4,000.00
89,788.25
49,050.50
24,102.80
19,620.20
16,871.96
29,430.30
7,230.84
98,101.00
48,205.60
73,153.30
116,047.4
36,492.16
53,863.62
36,661.14
62,183.81
Total
146,306.60
236,094.86
157
Table 9.26: Summary of Full Project Cash Flow.

Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
1
2
3
4
5
B
1
2
3
4
Full Sub Project Cash Flow

Water Supply
Sewerage
Street Lighting
Slum Upgradations
Total Sub Project Cash Flow
Total Full Project Cash Flow
Opening Balance
Sources of Fund
Debt Drawdown
Equity Drawdown
Govt. Grant
User Charges
New Connection Fees
Disposition of Funds
Project Capex
Operation & Maintenance
Debt Servicing- Repayment
Interest During Construction
Total- Outflow
2007
(73)
6
(9)
166
166
(1)
(4)
251
2008
2009
2010
2011
Rs. Lakh
2012
2013
2014
2015
(281)
437
(33)
306
306
(4)
(12)
720
(412)
969
(84)
378
378
(11)
(35)
1,182
(595)
1,722
(169)
403
403
(23)
(73)
1,667
(823)
3,361
(291)
304
304
(42)
(125)
2,689
(1365)
5,213
(481)
84
84
(67)
(227)
3,242
(1442)
6,851
(744)
(119)
(119)
(93)
(342)
3,993
(1550)
7,627
(1,118)
(364)
(364)
(120)
(475)
3,636
(1672)
8,345
(1,617)
(650)
(650)
(150)
(626)
2,980
75
317
405
414
886
764
265
(1,407)
1,987
704
1,154
177
67
2,241
769
1,290
308
485
2,750
880
1,555
477
641
2,915
932
1,649
790
808
3,193
1,006
1,800
1,158
1,520
1,039
289
529
1,500
1,414
1,178
346
611
1,990
922
1,575
421
810
2,101
99
1,461
382
742
2,174
100
3,845
-
4,301
202
-
5,185
451
-
5,496
763
-
5,999
1,110
-
1,897
1,522
1,406
2,177
1,699
1,507
2,850
1,896
1,642
2,631
2,123
1,774
169
359
593
841
1,112
81
174
301
417
4,014
4,862
6,229
7,100
8,221
4,906
5,558
6,689
6,945
Source: Analysis
158
Appendix 1a: Details of Water Supply Headworks

Item
Kochadai Head works
Year of construction
Distance from the town
HP of motor pumps
Duty of the pumpset
Length of Infiltration Gallery
Daily Average pumping
Melakkal Head works
HP of motor pumps
Duty of the pumpset
Length of Infiltration Gallery
Length of conveying main from Melakkal to
Arasaradi water pumping station
Collector well Head works
Diameter of well
HP of motor
Duty of pumpset
Length of Radial pipes
Thatchampathu Head works
Year of Construction
No. of Infiltration well
Diameter of well
Depth of well
Duty of submersible pumpsets
HP of the pump set
Length of conveying main from
Thatchampathu to Arasaradi water pumping
station
Manalur &Thiruppuvanam Head works
Description
1924
7 Kms
170 HP centrifugal
3000 GPM against 85 feet Head
716' across the river; 480' along the U/S
and 120' along the D/S
Not Functional
1963
18 Kms
60 HP
2600 GPM against 34 feet
1000 feet (2 rows of 18 inch SW pipe
with cement fillet joints)
45.94 feet(24" RCC Hume pipe) and 5122
feet (21" RCC Hume pipe)
14.00 MLD
1973
7.5 Kms
4m
135 HP (Vertical turbine)
3470 GPM against 90 feet
16 radials of total length of 1112 feet & 8
radials of total length of 800 feet.
Not Functional
1985
20 Kms
3 Nos.
4. 50 m - 2 Nos. & 3.50 m -1 No.
9 m - 2 Nos. and 10 m - 1 No.
1800 lpm / 13m-10 HP- 2 Nos. and
1140 lpm / 14m- 7.5 HP - 1 No.
90 HP
16.70 Kms ; 300 mm diameter AC pipe
2.00 MLD
159
Item
Description
HP/ Duty of Infiltration well, motor pump sets
at Manalur Head works
HP/ Duty of Infiltration well, motor pump sets
at Thiruppuvanam Head works
HP/ Duty of Booster pumpset at Manalur
Length of main
1987
15 Kms
25 HP/ (4741 lpm, 17m)
40 HP/ (4741 lpm, 27m)

230 HP/ (9482 lpm,81m)
3.60 Kms; 350mm diameter AC pipe
(Thiruppuvanam to Manalur);
13.20 Kms; 450 mm diameter of AC pipe
(Manalur to Joseph Park)
2..00 MLD
Appendix 1 b: Details of Water Treatment Plant at Pannaipatty.

Sl.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Item
Raw Water main inlet
Clear water main outlet
Inlet Level at Aerator
Outlet Level at Clear water Reservoir
Capacity of Clear water Reservoir
Raw Water Transmission main
Clear Water Transmission main
Aerator
Type of Aerator
Number of Trays
10
11
12
13
14
15
Diameter of collecting tray

Inlet pipe
Raw water Channel
Width
Depth of flow
Stilling Chamber
Size of stilling chamber
Detention time
Parshall Flume
Throat width
Range
Dividing Chamber
Diameter
Detention time
Pre-Chlorination dosage
Chemical House
Maximum Raw water Turbidity
Normal Raw water Turbidity
Ground Floor
Description
1991 to 1993
1100 mm diameter PSC
1100 mm diameter PSC
235.50 m
224.50 m
30.00 Lakh Litres
1100 mm PSC pipe of 16.60 Kms
1100 mm PSC pipe of 18.00 Kms and
1000 mm PSC pipe of 30.80 Kms
Cascade
3 Nos. (3m, 6m & 9m) each 0.50 m
spacing
15.00 m
1000 mm diameter M.S with CM lining
1.50 m
0.70 m
8.00 m x 4.00 m
1 minute
1.20 m
50 m3/m to 150 m3/m
5.00 m
1 minute
3 ppm depend on degree of pollution
3000 NTU
1220 NTU
Storage area for Alum & lime (3 months
160
Sl.No.
Item
First Floor
16
17
18
19
20
Flash Mixer (Alum & Lime)

No. of Units
Diameter
Detention time
Clarifloculator
No. of Units
Diameter
Floor Slope
Flocculation
Clarifier
Inlet Shaft
Surface leading
Loading of weir
Type of weir
Velocity of weir
Wash water tank
Capacity
Staging Height
No. of Compartments
Chlorination Shed
No. of Units
No. of Booster pumps

No. of 1 Ton capacity cylinders
Filters
Type
No. of beds
Size of bed
Rate of filtration
Area of filter house
Filter Media (Gravel 40 cm depth)
3.175 mm to 6.00 mm
6.00 mm to 20.00 mm
20.00 mm to 50.00 mm
Sand ( 60cm depth)
Effective size
Uniform coefficient
Under drains
Lateral pipe
Manifold
Back wash water
Rate of back wash
Air Blowers
Rate of supply
Duration
Description
requirements)
3 Nos. of alum mixing tank & dosing
tank; and
3 Nos. of lime mixing tank & dosing
tank.
2 Nos.
3.50 m
1 minute
2 Nos.
48 m
1 in 12
30 minutes detention time
3 Hours detention time
RCC 1000 mm diameter
1500 litres/m2/hour
300 m3/m/day
V- notch; 8 mm thick M.S. Plate
0.30 m/sec
8.00 Lakh litres
12.00 m
2 Nos.
3 Nos. (1 No. of Pre-Chlorination; 1 No.
of Post-Chlorination; and 1 No. of standbye)
2 Nos.
18 Nos
Rapid sand gravity filters
12 Nos. (2 Nos. stand-bye)
8.00 m x 6.50 m
7200 litres/m2/hour
1300 m2
12.50 cm
12.50 cm
15.00 cm
0.4mm to 0.6mm
1.35 to 1.75
80 mm CI with 12mm perforations at 30
cm interval
RCC channel with CI Tee
400 litres/minutes/sqm
1.25 cum per minute
5 minutes
161
Sl.No.
21
22
Item
Working pressure
Valves
Secondary Flash mixer (Lime)
Diameter
Liquid Depth
Clear Water Reservoir
Capacity
Diameter
Storage depth
Inlet
Outlet
Overflow
Description
0.4 kg / sqcm
Electronically operated with actuators
5m
2.7m
30 lakh litres
37m
2.80m
1 No of 500mm dia
1000mm dia
750mm
Appendix 1 c: Details of Booster Pumping Station.

Sl.No.
1
4
5
6
Item
Booster Pumping Station
Ground Level Storage Reservoir (GLSR)
Capacity of GLSR
Size of GLSR
Maximum Water Level
Lowest Water Level
Balancing Over Head Tank (OHT)
Capacity of Balancing Tank (OHT)
Diameter of Balancing Tank (OHT)
HP of the motor pumpset
Duty of the pumpset
Direct Line to North Bank OHT
HP of the motor
Duty of the pumpset
Under Vaigai Scheme
HP of the motor
Duty of the pumpset
Description
1963
2 Kms
68.00 Lakh Litres
In 2 compartments
138.00 m
133.50 m
11.50 Lakh litres
19.00 m
120 H.P (2 Nos.)
3200 GPM - 80'
1984
150 H.P (2 Nos.)
2100 GPM against 160' head
1995
270 H.P (1 No.)
4200 GPM against 160' head
162
Appendix 1 d: Service Reservoirs and Distribution Zone

Reservoirs Name of Reservoir
Ground Level Service Reservoirs
1
Arasaradi GLSR
Over Head Tanks
North Zone
1
Aruldosspuram
2
Sellur
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Sub Total
South Zone
11
12
13
14
15
16
Rajaji Park
Anna nagar I
Anna nagar II
KK Nagar
Lotus Tank
K Pudur
Race Course
Reserve Line
10 Nos
17
18
Tamil Sangam Road

East Marret Street
Kochadai
Pazhaganatham
Arasaradi
Arapalayam
Sunday market I
Sunday market II
19
Traveller's Bunglow
20
Jhansi Rani Park
21
Joseph Park I
22
Joseph Park II
23
New Ramnad Road
Sub Total
13 Nos
Total
23 Nos
Source: Madurai Corporation
Distribution Zones
Ward Nos.
Capacitry
Lakh litres
68.00
1, 20, 21
14 (0.35), 15 (0.45), 16, 17, 18, 19 (0.7)
7(0.25), 9, 10, 11(0.75), 13 (0.1), 15
(0.10)
7(0.75)
8
6, 11(0.2)
11(0.05), 12(0.25), 13(0.1)
3, 4, 5(0.55)
13(0.8), 14(0.15), 15(0.45)
2, 5(0.45), 12(0.75), 14(0.50), 19(0.3)
20.00
13.60
69, 71, 72
41, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69
28, 29, 70
22 to 27, 30
32(0.25), 33(0.75), 36(0.75), 37(0.75)
33(0.25), 34, 35, 36(0.25), 37(0.25),
48(0.25)
46(0.25), 47, 48(0.75), 49
31, 32(0.75), 38(0.20), 39(0.15),
40,42,43,60 to 63
38(0.80), 39(0.85), 44, 46(0.7)
45, 46(0.05), 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59
50, 51, 52, 53
18.00
2.30
6.00
8.00
2.30
15.00
6.80
20.00
112.00
15.00
25.00
11.50
30.00
10.00
10.00
20.00
20.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
236.50
348.50
163
Appendix - II Reform agenda of the ULB
Reform Agenda at the Level of Madurai Corporation

1.0
Accounting Reform
Madurai Municipal Corporation introduced accounting reforms in the year 2001 through
the introduction of double entry accrual based accounting system. The system is being
implemented successfully.
2.0
E Governance Applications (using IT, GIS and MIS)

Has there been any initiative towards the use of E Governance applications or setting up
of an E- Governance cell within the ULB?
Yes
No
If yes, for what services is the ULB using these applications and in what way?

Online collection of property tax, water charges from 25 collection centers.

Madurai was the first urban local body in Tamil Nadu to introduce online payment.
Issue of Birth and Death certificates.
Touch screen facility to know tax dues, birth and death registration details, etc.
Building Plan Approval.
Salary pay bill preparation of 4700 employees and issuance of pay slips.
Electronic attendance System using Bio Matrix Reader and generation of
attendance reports.
Stores And Inventory , Purchase orders, Invoices, Delivery, Material Issues etc.
Credit /Debit Card Transaction.
Vehicle Management System.
Video Conference.
Automation of solid waste management system.
Computerisation of toll collection of the ring road and bus stand at Mattuthavani.
In addition, GIS has been introduced in Madurai Corporation. Work has been completed in
one zone and is progress in three other Zones.
3.0
Property Tax Reform-, 2004/05

What is the total number of properties in the city?
170000
What is the number of properties assessed for purpose of taxation?
135136
What is the number of properties, which paid taxes in the fiscal year
2003/04?
121136
164
What is the basis of Taxation?

The basis of taxation in Madurai Municipal Corporation is the unit area method to
determine the Annual Rental Value
Unit area values to determine ARV

What is the amount of tax demanded?
Collectable Demand
2003/04
2004/05
Rs. 26.16 Crores.
Rs. 25.26 Crores.
What is the amount of tax collected?

2003/04
2004/05
Rs. 21.80 Crores (86%)
Rs. 21.10 Crores ( 81%)
Achieving the target of 85% tax collection to tax demanded

Year 1 Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
4.0
Levy of User Charges

Water Supply
Percentage of households covered by municipal water supply
62%
Per capita domestic water supply
60 lpcd
Average number of hours of water supply
1 Hrs.
Percentage of non revenue water to total water released
30 %
Percentage of water supplied free
10 %
Percentage of water lost due to leakages and thefts
20 %
It may be mentioned that the percentage of non-revenue water is ascertained based on the
condition assessment of the water supply system. It is intended to carry out a detailed
study to estimate the non-revenue losses to enhance the efficiency of the water supply
system . In addition, the Municipal Corporation has taken a series of initiatives to arrest
165
illegal connections and enhance the coverage of the House Service connections.
Total Cost (Operation & Maintenance and debt repayment) incurred in delivering water.
2003/04
2004/05
Rs. 1230 Lakhs.
Rs. 656 Lakhs.
Total recoveries from the sale of water

2003-04 (Rs.in lakhs)
User Charges
Water tax
331.00
Total
% Recovery
98%
640.75
309.75
2004-05 (Rs.in lakhs)

User Charges
Water tax
Total
396.90
334.00
% Recovery
59%
730.90
The Corporation maintains a separate account for Water Supply and Sewerage comprising
of the income and expenditure details of the water supply and sewerage system only. The
Corporation collects user charges for water supply and also collects water tax as part of the
property tax. The shortfall in the O&M recovery is due to earlier debt, which is being met
through the general funds of the Corporation.
Achieving Cost recovery target (full O & M recovery)
Year 1 Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Other Services
2003-04
O & M Cost
Rs. in Lakh
a. Street Lighting
176
b. Sewerage System
175
c. Scavenging
398
User Charges
Rs. in Lakh
Nil
618.27 *
Nil
Percentage
Nil
353%
Nil
* Includes drainage Tax Rs. 464 lakhs
166
2004-05
O & M Cost
Rs. in Lakhs
a. Street Lighting
b. Sewerage System
User Charges
Rs. in Lakhs
Percentage
Nil
188
Nil
194
715 **
415
Nil
369%
c. Scavenging
Nil
** Includes Drainage Tax Rs.595 lakhs

Madurai Corporation has taken measures to reduce O&M costs on street lighting through
innovative measures. The Corporation has privatized street lighting operations. It is
anticipated that this would result in savings in O &M costs, in addition to increased
efficiency.
With regard to sewerage charges, the local body is currently levying tariff at the following
rate:
Category
Property Tax
(Rupees)
1-250
251-750
751-1500
More than 1500
Tariff (Rupees per annum)

Commercial
Industry
Residential
100
375
525
600
1080
1080
1080
1080
1800
1800
1800
1800
The Madurai Corporation is currently implementing an underground sewerage scheme.

On completion of the scheme, O&M costs will go up. Hence, in the next 5 years, the
Corporation will aim to increase O&M cost recovery through
a) extending house connections b) increasing collection efficiency and c) revision of tariff
on a reasonable basis.
The Corporation will make efforts to achieve full cost necessary for O & M of the
sewerage scheme by year 5 (2010-11)
Achieving Cost recovery target (full O & M recovery)
Year 1 Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
167
Services to the Urban Poor

20 %
Percentage of households living in unauthorized

tenements/temporary structures
Percentage of households living in unauthorized
tenements/temporary structures without access to
10 %
20 %
Municipal Water Supply
10 %
Sanitation
2%
Primary Education
Primary Health
1%
Reaching the Services to the Urban Poor

Year 1 Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Year 6
Year 7
Internal earmarking of budgets for the urban poor

Year 1 Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
.32
.32
.32
10.40
168
Appendix - III Reform agenda of the State Government
Reform Agenda at the level of the State Government

1.
Implementation of the Constitution (Seventy-Fourth) Amendment Act, 1992
What is the status of implementation of the following as per the Act ? Specify:
(a) & (b)
Constitution and Composition of municipalities
In Tamil Nadu there are 102 Municipalities and 50 Third Grade Municipalities (erstwhile
Town Panchayats have been renamed as Third Grade Municipalities)
The norm for constitution of Third Grade Municipalities is minimum population of

30,000.
Based on the minimum annual income, the Municipalities have been classified as follows:
Grade
Special
Selection
First
Second
Minimum Annual Income (Rs. Lakhs)

500
200
100
50
As per section 7 of the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act,1920, the Municipal
Council shall consist of such number of councillors as may be determined by the State
Government, by notification which shall not be more than fifty-two and shall not be less
than twenty In G.O.(Ms).No.135, Municipal Administration and Water Supply
Department, dated 11.6.1996, the Government have prescribed a population norm for
determining the number of councillors (exclusive of Chairman) of a Municipal Council.
In respect of the Municipal Corporations of Chennai, Madurai and Coimbatore, the

strength of the Councillors to be elected has been prescribed in the respective Acts itself,
as follows: Chennai Corporation 155, Madurai Corporation 72, Coimbatore
Corporation 72
In G.O.(Ms).No. 134, Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department, dated

10.6.1996, the Government have fixed the strength of the Councillors to be elected in the
other Corporations as follows: Tiruchirappalli Corporation 60, Tirunelveli Corporation
55, Salem Corporation 60.
Further the members of the House of the People and the members of the Legislative
Assembly representing the constituency comprising the whole or any part of the
municipality and the members of the council of States who are registered as electors
within the area of the municipality shall also be represented in the council. Similar
169
provisions are available in the Corporation Acts.

(c)
Reservation of seats for Women, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
According to section 3-I and section 7 of the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act,
1920, certain offices of the Chairmen, Members / Councillors of the Third Grade
Municipalities and Municipalities shall be reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes.
Among the offices reserved for Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes, not less than one
third of the Offices shall be reserved for women belonging to Scheduled Castes or
Scheduled Tribes.
Further, not less than one third of the total number of offices of Chairmen / Members /
Councillors of Third Grade Municipalities and Municipalities in the State (including
those reserved for S.C./S.T. women) shall be reserved for Women.
The Offices of Chairmen and Councillors shall be reserved by rotation for future
elections.
Orders regarding reservation in the offices of Chairmen and Members/Councillors of

Third Grade Municipalities, Municipalities have been issued in G.O.(Ms).No.196,
Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department, dated 27.8.1996 and
G.O.(Ms).No.189, Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department, dated
20.8.1996, respectively.
Similar provisions for reservation in case of Councillors of Municipal Corporations are

available in the Acts governing the Municipal Corporations.
The Government have delegated the power of reservation to the Commissioners of

respective Municipal Corporations.
As regards reservation in the offices of Mayor, according to the Special provision made in
the Tamil Nadu Municipal Corporation Laws (Amendment and Special Provision) Act,
1994, out of the total number of offices of Mayor in this State, one shall be reserved for
the members belonging to the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes, as the case may be
and two shall be reserved for women and reservation shall be allotted by rotation to
different Municipal Corporations in the State in such manner as may be prescribed.
Orders regarding reservation in offices of Mayor for the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled
Tribes have been issued in G.O.(Ms).No.195, Municipal Administration and Water
Supply Department, dated 27.8.1996.
(d)
Constitution of District Planning Committees (DPCs)
District Planning Committees as per Article 243 ZD have been constituted in Tamil Nadu.
The DPCs have been operationalised fully and made functional. The first meeting of the
DPCs was held on 4.2.2002 and subsequent meetings have been held once in three months
to discuss the developmental issues relating to the district.
170
(e)
Constitution of Metropolitan Planning Committees:
It is proposed to amend the provisions of Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919
and Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 so as to set up the Metropolitan
Planning Committee. The Draft Bill has been finalized. The Metropolitan Planning
Committee will be constituted in 2006-07.
(f) Incorporation of Schedule 12 into the State Municipal Act
This Government have enacted the conformity legislations in keeping with the spirit of the
Constitution (74th Amendment) Act. By the conformity legislations (Tamil Nadu Acts 25
and 26 of 1994) the functions which had been available in various sections in the
enactments governing the Urban Local Bodies of this State, have been consolidated and
incorporated in a separate Schedule in the Acts governing the Urban Local Bodies.
Which of the functions of Schedule 12 have been incorporated into the State Municipal Act
and transferred to ULBs?
With the exception of Fire Services, other functions listed in Scheduled 12 are being
performed by the Urban Local Bodies. The details of the powers and functions entrusted to
the Urban Local Bodies are given below:i)
Urban Planning including Town Planning (Function 1):-
Urban Planning including Town Planning is governed under the provisions of the Tamil
Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971. When the Local Planning Authorities are
constituted under Section 11 of the Act in respect of a single Urban Local Body, the Local
Body itself is declared as the Local Planning Authority. However, where there are two or
more local bodies, four members of the Local Bodies are appointed as representatives in
the Composite Local Planning Authority. According to Section 12 of the Act, the
functions of the Local Planning Authority shall be, to carryout a survey of the local
Planning area, to prepare a land use map, to prepare a Master Plan and Detailed
Development Plan and to carryout work as contemplated in the Master Plan and Detailed
Development Plan.
ii)
Regulation of land use and construction of Building (Function-2):-
Regulation of land use is governed under the provisions of the Tamil Nadu Town and
Country Planning Act, 1971. In G.O.Ms.No.134, Municipal Administration and Water
Supply Department, dated 20.9.2002 orders have been issued for the approval of layouts
by the Local Bodies. Construction of buildings in Urban Local Body Areas is regulated by
the provisions in the Corporations and Municipal Acts and the Building Rules issued there
under. The Commissioner of the Local Body has been empowered to grant or refuse
permission. Provision to appeal to the Standing Committee (in the case of Corporation) or
to Council (in the case of Municipalities / Town Panchayats) if the Commissioner fails to
pass orders within the prescribed period, is also available in the Acts.
171
iii)
Planning for Economic and Social Development (Function-3):-
For welfare schemes like widows rehabilitation scheme, Swarna Jayanthi Shahari Rozgar
Yojana etc. the selection of beneficiaries under the programmes is done by the local body.
iv)
Roads and Bridges (Function-4):-
Small roads within the Urban Local Bodies fall under the term Public Streets in the
Corporation Acts and in the Municipal Act. All public streets, not reserved under the
control of the Central and State Governments are vested in the Local body. The Local
Bodies shall maintain and repair the public streets and make all improvements for the
public safety or convenience.
v)
Water Supply for Domestic, Industrial and Commercial purposes (Function-5):-
Provisions for water supply were earlier available in the Chennai City Municipal
Corporation Act. These provisions were omitted when the Chennai Metropolitan water
Supply and Sewerage Act, 1978, was enacted for the constitution of the Chennai
Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board to perform the functions relating to water
supply and sewerage in the Chennai Metropolitan Area. In the Acts applicable to other
Municipal Corporations and in the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act, 1920,
provisions are available for water supply for domestic consumption. The Commissioner is
also empowered to supply water for non-domestic purposes.
vi)
6):-
Public Health, Sanitation, Conservancy and Solid Waste Management (Function-
According to the provisions in the Corporations Acts and in the District Municipalities
Act, the Local Body shall provide and maintain a sufficient system of public drains. The
Local Body shall also provide and maintain in proper and convenient places sufficient
number of public latrines in clean and proper order. The Local Body shall make
arrangements for regular cleaning of streets and dustbins. The Commissioner should make
arrangements for the prevention and control of dangerous diseases and small pox.
vii)
Urban Forestry, protection of the Environment and promotion of ecological
aspects (Function-8):According to the Financial Rules contained in the Corporations Acts and in the District
Municipalities Act, the object of expenditure connected with public convenience,
amenities and education include the planting and preservation of trees in public streets and
places. In the Urban Forestry Scheme implemented by the Environment & Forests
Department, the Urban Local Bodies are also involved in protecting the saplings of trees in
Urban areas.
172
viii)
Safeguarding the interest of weaker sections of society including the handicapped
and mentally retarded (Function-9):For Welfare Schemes like widows rehabilitation scheme, Swarna Jayanthi Shahari Rozgar
Yojana etc., the selection of beneficiaries under the programmes is done by the local body.
According to the Financial Rules, the object of expenditure connected with the public
convenience, amenities and education include the provision and maintenance of rescue
homes.
ix)
Slum Improvement and upgradation (Function-10):-
All Urban Local Bodies are implementing schemes and measures for slum improvement
and upgradation.
x)
Urban Poverty Alleviation (Function-11):-
No statutory provisions are available in the Urban Local Body Acts. However, Swarna
Jayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY), an Urban Poverty Alleviation Programme is
being implemented through the Urban Local Bodies.
xi)
Provision of Urban Amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds
(Function-12):According to the provisions in the Corporations Acts and in the District Municipalities
Act, the Council may make bye-laws to provide for the regulation of the use of parks,
gardens and other public municipal places. Further according to the Financial Rules, the
object of expenditure connected with public convenience, amenities and education include
the construction and maintenance of recreation grounds, playing grounds and promenades.
xii)
Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects (Function-13):-
According to the Financial Rules, the object of expenditure connected with public
convenience, amenities and education include construction of Public Halls, recreation
grounds, playing grounds, Zoological and Horticultural Gardens, Public libraries, Reading
rooms, Museum, Art Galleries, provision of music for the public, holding of exhibitions or
fairs etc.
xiii)
Burial and Burial grounds, cremation, cremation grounds and electric
crematorium (Function 14):Provisions are available in the Corporations Acts and in the District Municipalities Act for
registration and control of burial or burning grounds, proper burial or burning of the
corpses and issue of grave diggers licence.
173
xiv)
Cattle Pounds, Prevention of cruelty to animals (Function-15):-
According to the Financial Rules, the object of the expenditure connected with the public
convenience, amenities and education include the provision of places for the treatment of
sick animals and the prevention of cruelty to animals. Further in G.O.Ms.No.s. 13, 14 and
15, Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department, dated 3.2.1998, orders have
been issued for the constitution of a Joint Committee in Corporations to prevent cruelty to
animals with the Mayor as Chairman and Officers of the Corporation, Animal Husbandry
Department, Animal Welfare Board and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals, as members.
xv)
Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths (Function 16):-
According to the provisions in the Corporation Acts and District Municipalities Act, the
Council shall register all births and deaths occurring in its limits. Information of births
and deaths shall be given and their registration shall be made and enforced in the
prescribed manner.
xvi)
Public amenities including street lights, parking lots, bus stops and other public
convenience (Function 17):According to the provisions in the Corporations Acts and in the District Municipalities
Act, Public Streets shall be provided with lights. Further, landing places, cart stands
(including Bus stands) etc. shall be provided by the Local Bodies and licences shall also be
issued to the private cart stands.
xvii)
Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries (Funcion-18):-
According to the provisions in the Corporations Acts and Municipal Act, the local bodies
shall provide slaughter houses and levy fees for their use. Licences shall also be issued for
slaughter houses.
Has the transfer of functions been accompanied by transfer of staff? If no, has the ULB
been given the powers to recruit staff for managing the transferred functions?
The Urban Local bodies of this State have an adequate sanctioned strength of staff for
effectively discharging their functions. This Government, adopting a cautious approach
towards appointment of staff in Urban Local Bodies, has allowed the same wherever they
are really needed. In transition towns, there was a problem of inadequate strength of
technical functionaries and hence, a separate engineering wing was created with adequate
number of engineering personnel separately for transition towns, reducing external
clearance and ensuring speedy execution of development works. Further, in
Municipalities where there are no planning staff, a policy decision was taken to create
minimum strength, ensuring that all the Municipalities have in their rolls at least a basic
level planning staff. As part of the computerization effort, qualified staff were recruited
both on deputation and from the open market which has helped the successful
implementation of computerization of Municipal functions.
174
2.
Repealment of Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976
The Tamil Nadu Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act,1978 has been repealed by the
Tamil Nadu Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Repeal Act,1999 (Tamil Nadu Act 20 of
1999)
3.
Rent Control Reforms, 2004/05
At present only 69 buildings are under the control of Accommodation Controller of

Chennai and Coimbatore (52 and 17 respectively) for occupation by the Government
servants. There are no such buildings in other districts. It is proposed to amend the Tamil
Nadu Buildings (Lease and Rent Control) Act, 1960. The process of drafting the
legislation has been commenced. It is expected to amend this Act by 2007-08.
4.
Stamp Duty Rationalisation, 2005
In 2004, orders have been issued by the Government of Tamil Nadu for reducing the
stamp duty to 6% and transfer duty to 2% from the earlier levels of 8% and 5%
respectively charged on the conveyance of properties in this State.
(During 2004, the Stamp duty on settlement and release between family members and
general partition between family members, and partition on the dissolution of partnership
between family members has been reduced to 1% on the market value of the property
subject to a ceiling of Rs.10,000/-. The registration fee is 1% with a ceiling of Rs.2,000/-.
Orders have also been issued in February, 2004 to the following effect:
Reduction of Stamp duty on simple mortgage without possession from 4% to 1%.
Reduction of Stamp duty in the case of mortgage deed with possession from 6% on the
loan amount to 3% on the loan amount. Reduction of transfer duty from 3% to 1% on the
loan amount. The total rate will thus be 4% on the loan amount.
In the case of deposit of title deeds, a ceiling of Rs. 5,000/- for stamp duty and Rs.
10,000/- for registration fee has been introduced.
Stamp duty on powers of attorney has been reduced from the level of 6% to 4%.
Having already reduced the stamp duty from 8% to 6% in 2004, the Government of
Tamil Nadu will make efforts to further reduce the stamp duty to 5% by 2012-13.
5.
Public Disclosure Law
There are already various existing provisions under which ULBs in Tamil Nadu are
required to make public disclosure of various types of information.
Section 33 of the Tamil Nadu District Municipal Act, 1920 provides that each local body
shall publish an annual administration report in which various information pertaining to
the activities of the local bodies is contained. This provision is also available in the
relevant acts governing the Municipal Corporations.
175
Further, the budget document of the local bodies which contains all financial details
pertaining to the receipts and expenditure of the local body are also made published by
each local body.
The existing laws pertaining to ULBs also provide that before imposing or increasing any
taxes, the local body is required to give advance notice of the same and invite the
objections of the public.
In addition to the above, each local body in the State has published a Citizens Charter in
which all relevant information pertaining to the local body is provided. The second
edition of the Citizens Charter has been published by all local bodies in 2004.
Finally, under Section 4(1)(d) of the Right to Information Act, every local body is required
to publish various particulars pertaining to its activities and expenses, which has been done
by all local bodies in the State.
With regard to the proposed reform agenda pertaining to enactment of a public
disclosure law, the State Government will take the following action:
Identification of matters of public importance not covered under existing public

disclosure provision;
Consultation with urban local bodies and framing to provisions to incorporate necessary
provisions in the existing municipal laws and rules;
Passing of legislation and notification of rules

Action in this regard will be completed by 2008-09.
6.
Community Participation Law
Is there any provision in the State Municipal Acts regarding the involvement of civil
society, industry and business in municipal affairs e.g., in setting priorities, budgeting
provisions, etc.,
There is no such provision in the State Municipality Acts. The inclusion of suitable
provision to this effect will be considered by year 2009-10, after following the required
process of consulting the local bodies and other stakeholders.
7.
City Planning Function
Who is responsible for city planning for the city?

Currently, the planning function of the ULBs falling in the composite Local Planning Area
is under the jurisdiction of the Local Planning Authority the local arm of Directorate of
Town and Country Planning (DTCP). However, the approval of layouts, building plans
and other clearances for developmental activities are vested in the ULB.
176
Which agency is responsible for provision of the following services

Water Supply & Sewerage
The Madurai Corporation is responsible for the provision of water supply and sewerage
services within its area of jurisdiction.
Optional Reforms
During year I of the Mission, the following two optional reforms will be
implemented:
(i)
Introduction of computerization in the process of registration of land and
property:
To facilitate faster processing of applications submitted by the public, the Registration
Department has embarked upon the project STAR (Simplified and Transparent
Administration of Registration) and I.T. enabled services. Under the project, so far, out of
the 600 Sub-Registrar Offices and 50 District Offices, 300 Sub-Registrar Offices and all
the 50 District Registrar Offices have been computerized. The process of computerization
of remaining 300 Sub-Registrar Offices has been kept in abeyance in view of the
reorganization of jurisdiction of remaining Sub-Registrars Offices. It is proposed to
merge the remaining offices with the existing ones. The computerization initiatives have
enabled the following:

Statewide Guideline values of properties available on the website

(www.tnreginet.net)
Issue of Encumbrance Certificates across the counter in 5 minutes
Apply on line for Encumbrance Certificates door delivery within 24 hours on
payment of fees and courier charges.
Online property valuation
Apply online for host of other services, e.g.
Certified copies
Extract of Hindu Marriage Certificates
Bye-laws, etc. of Societies registered
Details of chit groups
The process of computerization in the registrars offices will be further pursued during
2006- 07 and 2007- 08.
(ii)
Revision of bye-laws to make rain water harvesting mandatory in all
buildings to come up and for adoption of water conservation measures.
1)
To make Rain Water Harvesting mandatory, the Tamil Nadu Government

promulgated the Tamil Nadu Municipal Laws (Second Amendment) Ordinance in
2003. This was repealed by the Tamil Nadu Municipal Laws (Second
Amendment) Act 2003, by which Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act 1919,
177
the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act 1920, the Madurai City Municipal
Corporation Act, 1971 and the Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation Act, 1981
were amended to include provisions making rainwater harvesting mandatory.
2)
The relevant provision in the ULB Acts pertaining to Rain Water Harvesting
reads as follows:
In every building owned or occupied by the Government or a statutory body or

company or an institution owned or controlled by the Government, rain water
harvesting structure shall be provided by the Government or by such statutory
body or company or other institution, as the case may be, in such manner and
within such time as may be prescribed.
Subject to the provisions of sub-section (1), every owner or occupier of a building

shall provide rain water harvesting structure in the building in such manner and
within such period as may be prescribed.
Explanation:- Where a building is owned or occupied by more than one person,
every such person shall be liable under this sub-section.
Where the rain water harvesting structure is not provided as required under subsection (2), the Commissioner or any person authorized by him in this behalf may,
after giving notice to the owner or occupier of the building, cause rain water
harvesting structure to be provided in such building and recover the cost of such
provision along with the incidental expense thereof in the same manner as
property tax.
Notwithstanding any action taken under sub-section (3), where the owner or
occupier of the building fails to provide the rain water harvesting structure in the
building before the date as may be prescribed, the water supply connection
provided to such building shall be disconnected till rain water harvesting structure
is provided.
The relevant building rules under the above said Acts have also been suitably amended
making Rain Water Harvesting compulsory for approval of Building Plans.
178

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City Development Plan

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Build, Operate and Transfer

Public Works Department

Geography and Climate .......................................................................................................... 7

URBAN GOVERNANCE ..........................................................................................18

Institutions and Capacity.......................................................................................................18

PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ...................................................30

Planning Efforts in the Past...................................................................................................30

INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES ............................................................................38

Physical Infrastructure ..........................................................................................................38

Sewerage and Sanitation.......................................................................................................46

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE PROVISION .........97

CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN & FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY ...........140

Capital Investment Plan ......................................................................................................140

Table 7.1: Slum Population and Households, 2001. ............................................................................90

City Development Plan for Madurai

The temple town of Madurai, situated on

View of Meenakshi Temple

Figure 1.1: Regional Setting of Madurai City

Tamil Nadu State

Objectives of the study

City Development Plan for Madurai

Enhancing City Productivity

The objective of the assignment is to formulate a Plan comprising of appropriate policies

City Development Plan- The Approach

City Development Plan-The Approach

City Development Plan for Madurai

City Development Plan for Madurai

Figure 1.2: Approach to City Development Plan

City Strategic Plan

Project Identification &

City Development Plan for Madurai

Figure 1.3: City Development Plan- The Process

Agenda for the Future

Annual Progress Report

Review of current service delivery levels

Annual Report and Assessment

Draft Development Plan

Draft Plan Formulation and

Address issues and identify

Final Development Plan

Public Consultation, Plan

Plan Monitoring and Evaluation

Critical Review and Approval of Plan

Review of Sustainability Indicators

City Development Plan for Madurai

This report is the Draft Report and comprises of following structure:

City Development Plan for Madurai

Geography and Climate

Population Trends and Urbanization

Population Trends. Madurai Municipal Corporation, covering 51.96 sq.kms, comprises of

City Development Plan for Madurai

Figure 2.1: Municipal Area including the Wards

City Development Plan for Madurai

Figure 2.2: Regional Linkages of Madurai City

City Development Plan for Madurai

Table 2.1: Population Growth in Madurai

* - Madurai district was bifurcated into Madurai and Dindigul

Source: Census Reports

Population Density. The Municipal Corporation manages delivery of services in all 72

City Development Plan for Madurai

Table 2.2: Zonewise Details of Municipal Corporation

Very High Density