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Short Lab#4:
Fixed and Fluidized Beds
Brian R. Colon-Rodriguez
May 1 2015
I.
Abstract
Fixed and Fluidized Beds are very important in chemical engineering
process because of their usefulness for filtrations and wastewater treatment.
Two plexiglass columns were used to investigate the characteristics of
air/water flowing vertically through a bed of granular material. The objective
of this experiment was to determine the pressure drop, verify KozenyCarman equation, and observe the characteristics of a fixed and fluidized
bed.
II.
Experimental
During this experiments the following equipment and apparatus were used:
The experimental setup consists of 2 plexigrams columns, were one is
filled water and the other one with air. In the air circuit a diaphragm air
compressor compresses the atmospheric air before feeding it into the
packed column. The column dimensions are: cross section area 5cm and a
height of 300mmof fine glass particles called ballotini with a nominal
diameter of 275 microns. In the water circuit a water pump circulates water
through the packed column were the dimensions of the column are the same
as the air circuit.
Figure1. Shows
Experimental
Set-up for the
Water Circuit.
Run
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Table2. Shows Tabulated Data Raw Data for Air Circuit for runs going from
higher to lower flow rate.
Run
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Pressure,drop(mm H2O)
495
481
476
470
460
450
444
435
432
432
427
425
416
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
7.5
7
6.5
6
5.5
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
333
328
325
320
318
317
316
315
313
311
310
310
407
398
388
383
375
367
360
357
278
220
155
113
Table3. Shows Tabulated Data for Water Circuit going from low to high flow
rate.
Run
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Flow
rate
(L/min)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Bed
height
(mm)
226
226
226
226
226
228
232
238
Table4. Shows Tabulated Data for Water Circuit going from high to low flow
rate.
Run
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
V.
Flow
Rate
L/min
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Bed
Height
mm
238
231
229
227
226
226
226
226
Pressur
e, Drop
172
160
153
151
151
145
140
60
0.000653
595
0.000816
993
0.000980
392
0.001143
791
0.001307
19
0.001470
588
0.001633
987
0.001797
386
0.001960
784
0.002124
183
0.002287
582
0.002450
98
0.002614
379
0.002941
176
0.003267
974
0.003594
771
0.003921
569
0.004248
366
0.004411
765
0.004575
163
0.004738
DeltaP (Pa) by
Kozeny-carman
equation
76.92030285
96.15037856
115.3804543
134.61053
153.8406057
173.0706814
192.3007571
211.5308328
230.7609085
249.9909842
269.22106
288.4511357
307.6812114
346.1413628
384.6015142
423.0616657
461.5218171
499.9819685
519.2120442
538.4421199
557.6721956
4713.8
4831.4
4909.8
4978.4
562
0.004901
961
0.005392
157
0.005555
556
0.005718
954
576.9022713
634.5924985
653.8225742
673.0526499
Table6. Shows Result for Air Circuit low to high flow rate ( Part 1 and 2)
DeltaP
(Pa)
4851
4713.8
4664.8
4606
4508
4410
4351.2
4263
4233.6
4233.6
4184.6
4165
4076.8
3988.6
3900.4
Vs
(m^3/s)
0.0057189
54
0.0055555
56
0.0053921
57
0.0049019
61
0.0047385
62
0.0045751
63
0.0044117
65
0.0042483
66
0.0039215
69
0.0035947
71
0.0032679
74
0.0029411
76
0.0026143
79
0.0024509
8
0.0022875
82
Delta (Pa) by
Kozeny-carman
equation
673.0526499
653.8225742
634.5924985
576.9022713
557.6721956
538.4421199
519.2120442
499.9819685
461.5218171
423.0616657
384.6015142
346.1413628
307.6812114
288.4511357
269.22106
3802.4
3753.4
3675
3596.6
3528
3498.6
2724.4
2156
1519
1107.4
0.0021241
83
0.0019607
84
0.0017973
86
0.0016339
87
0.0014705
88
0.0013071
9
0.0011437
91
0.0009803
92
0.0008169
93
0.0006535
95
249.9909842
230.7609085
211.5308328
192.3007571
173.0706814
153.8406057
134.61053
115.3804543
96.15037856
76.92030285
Table5. Shows Result for Water Circuit high to low flow rate ( Part 1 and 2).
DeltaP
(Pa)
323.4
1215.2
1029
1078
1313.2
1460.2
1734.6
1715
Vs
(m^3/s)
3.26797E05
6.53595E05
9.80392E05
0.000130
719
0.000163
399
0.000196
078
0.000228
758
0.000261
438
DeltaP (Pa) by
Kozeny-carman
equation
18.86823529
37.73647059
56.60470588
75.47294118
94.34117647
113.2094118
132.0776471
150.9458824
Table6. Shows Result for Water Circuit low to high flow rate ( Part 1 and 2)
DeltaP
(Pa)
Vs
(m^3/s)
DeltaP (Pa)
by Kozenycarman
equation
1685.6
1568
1499.4
1479.8
1479.8
1421
1372
588
0.000261
438
0.000228
758
0.000196
078
0.000163
399
0.000130
719
9.80392E05
6.53595E05
3.26797E05
150.9458824
132.0776471
113.2094118
94.34117647
75.47294118
56.60470588
37.73647059
18.86823529
300
200
100
0
0
10
15
20
100
50
0
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Log(flow rate)
1.2
1.4
Log(pressure drop)
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
Log(flow rate)
-0.4
-0.2