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Basic Concept
Tripmaking
T i
ki is
i a ffunction
i off lland
d use

Transportation Demand Analysis

Trips are made for different purpose

Trips are made at different times of the day
Travelers often have different options available to them
Trips are made to minimize the level of inconvenience
associated with reaching a destination
Transportation networks and traffic analysis are the
basis of system modeling

Goals
To describe travel in meaningful terms
To explain and understand travel behavior
economic terms (cost and time)
To predict demand for various types of
transportation services

Travel Behavior
Trip is the basic unit of travel behavior
Involve movement from a single origin to a single
destination
Usually described in terms of their origins,
destinations, purposes, times of occurrence travel
modes and routes
modes,
Sets of trips, usually beginning at the travelers
home and proceeding to several destinations in
sequence before returning

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Travel Demand Forecasting Model

Travel decisions
Trip Purpose
Work trips
Non-work trips

Time of Day
F
Frequency / R
Regularity
l it
Work-trip peaks / Off-peak periods
Weekdays / Weekends

Travel Demand Forecasting Model

Used as a tool on analyzing travel demand and
estimating future traffic flow.
Answers basic questions that determine the
number of future trips, the origin and
destinations of such trips, the modes of
transportation
i used,
d and
d the
h routes taken
k b
by
these trips.
Necessary for planning new infrastructure
facilities or expanding existing ones.

Travel Demand Forecasting Model

Projections of socioeconomic conditions
and land use

For each combination of trip purpose and time

of delay, separate models are usually developed
for the number of trips made, their origins and
destinations, the mode used, and the route
followed.

Feedba
ack loop depending on thee
com
mplexity of the model

Travel Demand Forecasting Model

Trip Generation (Attraction)

How many trips will be there in the future in the
study area?

Trip Distribution
From which zones are these trips generated and to
which zones are these trips bound?

Mode Choice (Modal Split)

Which mode of travel will be used?

Trip Assignment
Which route will these trips take?

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Trip Generation
Origin-Destination Table (OD Matrix)
It shows the trips from one zone to another
within a given study area
Study area is divided into number of zones
normally defined by political or administrative
boundaries (barangay, town, or city) internal
zones
Zones outside the study area external zones

Trip Distribution
To determine from which zones the trip
generations are generated and to which zones
the trip attractions are bound

Trip Generation
Relates to the number of trips being produced
from a Zone or site by time period to the land
use and demographic characteristics found at
that location
Determine number of trip ends

Mode Choice
Mode split models predict the number of
travelers who will choose one mode over others
for making a particular trip
Factors influencing mode choice
Type of trip (i.e. trip purpose, time of day)
Characteristics of the tripmaker (i.e., income, age,
auto
t ownership)
hi )
Characteristics of the transportation system
(i.e.travel time of modes, fares)

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Mode Choice

Trip Assignment

Sequence of modal choice using binary tree

Trip

Nonmotorized

Walk

Route / Traffic Assignment

Given a road network, car drivers will normally
use the route/s through which they will reach
their destination in the least time or distance

Motorized

Bicycle

Private

Tricycle

Shortest Path
Network Assignment

Public

Jeep

Bus

MRT /
LRT

Nodes, Links, Zones

Nodes represents a destination or endpoints of a
link
Nodes may be represent road intersections, rail
stations, ports or airports

Links are imaginary lines connecting two nodes

Links
i k may represent roads,
d railroads.
il d Dummy
links represent a link to specific destination point
or the centroid of a place of interest or land use

Zones are the aggregation of space or land use