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2013

SAFETY MANUAL
PROJECT HSE PLAN
A RESEARCH BY YAWAR HASSAN KHAN

YAWAR HASSAN KHAN


ACL
1/1/2013

HSE POLICY
STATEMENT

Before you operate a machine, ensure that


the dangerous part of the
machine has been installed with a guard.
Avoid going to any area with insufficient
lighting as there may be some

We are committed towards protecting the


health and safety of all people working at or
visiting our site
We plan, manage, conduct and supervise all
our work in compliance with legislation and
best practice
We want to ensure that all workers have a
clear understanding of their responsibilities
along with that of the company

BASIC RULES FOR SAFETY

dangerous places which have not been provided


with fencing.
Keep vigilant all the time and watch out for
moving cranes, hooks or
other lifting equipment.
Before you use any electrical installation or
tool, check the condition of
its electric cables.
Avoid dragging electric cables on the ground
or allowing the cables to
come into contact with water.

Tidy up construction sites


Keep passages clear all the time.
Sort out materials and pile them up safely.
The stacks should not be

Use electrical tools installed with an earth


leakage circuit breaker.
Use and handle chemicals with care.

too high.

Personal Safety

Beware of floor openings and ensure that


they are fenced or covered.

Wear protective equipment.

Remove refuse as soon as possible.


Provide sufficient lighting.
Familiarize with the location and the
operation of fire-fighting equipment.

Safety measures

Do not drink or take drugs while working.


Pay attention to personal hygiene.
Do not play in the workplace.
Report to your supervisor immediately if you
notice any unsafe condition.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO ACCIDENTS

Tidy up construction sites


Keep passages clear all the time.
Sort out materials and pile them up safely.
The stacks should not be

Put out the fire with a fire extinguisher if it is a


small fire.
If the blaze is out of control, do not try to
extinguish the fire on your

too high.

own. Call the Fire Services Department right


away.

Beware of floor openings and ensure that they


are fenced or covered.

Emergency telephone numbers:

Remove refuse as soon as possible.

Always pay attention to the emergency


telephone numbers posted

Provide sufficient lighting.

on the notice board in the site office

Familiarize with the location and the


operation of fire-fighting equipment.

FALSE WORK , SCAFFOLDING , FENCE WORK


AND LADDER
FALSEWORK

When someone is found seriously injured, you


should:
Keep calm.
Seek help immediately.
Accompany the injured person.
Assist in the immediate rescue work as far as
possible.

If you are engaged in falsework


operation, you should:
Check whether the falsework is
erected in accordance with the
design.
Make sure that the falsework is

Call the site safety staff.

securely erected.

Do not try to move the injured person unless it


is really necessary

Check whether the struts of the

to do so.

falsework are secure.


Ensure that the props are erected

Do not tamper with the accident scene while


waiting for the arrival

vertically and arranged at a

of the investigation team.

suitable distance in a row.


Report to your supervisor when

When a fire breaks out, you should remember:

any unsafe situation is found.

fencing or the fencing has been


SCAFFOLD

damaged, reinstall or repair the

Do not use scaffolds unless they have

fencing. If this is beyond your

been erected by trained workmen and under

capability, inform your

the supervision of a competent person.

supervisor at once.

Do not use a scaffold unless it has


been inspected and certified safe by

Ladder

a competent person before use.

Use a ladder which is of good construction,

Strictly follow the instructions of a

sound material and adequate strength.

competent person. Do not alter the

Examine the ladder before using it

scaffold unless authorized to do so.

and inspect it at regular intervals.

Do not work on an unfinished scaffold.

Place the ladder on a level and

When it is necessary to work on a mobile

firm footing.

scaffold, lock the wheels of the scaffold

Place the ladder at an appropriate

before you start working.

angle.

Do not work on a scaffold unless it has been

Ensure that the ladder has a

provided with a suitable working platform.

sufficient length. The upper end


of the ladder should be at least

FENCING

1 metre above the landing against

Do not work in a dangerous place

which the ladder leans.

unless its floor edges and

Do not use a ladder unless its

openings have been installed with

upper or lower end has been

secure fencing.

securely fixed or secured by

If you notice any dangerous places

another worker.

that have not been installed with

If there are electrical installations

nearby, do not use metal ladders.

of the manufacturer of a lifting appliance.

If work is carried out 2 metres or

Do not work beneath any suspended load.

more above the floor, use a suitable


working platform

Material Hoist
Do not ride on a material hoist.

Equipment and Electricity

Lifting Appliance and Gear


Do not operate a lifting appliance unless
trained. In the case of a crane,

Do not operate a material hoist without prior


proper
training.
Do not exceed the safe working load of a
material hoist.

a certificate is required.

Do not use a material hoist unless it has been


examined

Before using lifting gear such as hook, shackle


or chain sling,

and certified safe by a competent examiner.

check whether there is any wear and tear.

Do not use a material hoist unless its gates


have been

Check the weight of the load to be lifted.


Do not exceed the safe working load of
a lifting appliance or lifting gear.
Adopt the correct lifting method.
Do not use a lifting appliance or lifting gear
unless it has been examined and certified
safe by a competent examiner.
Do not use a lifting appliance unless it
has been regularly repaired and
maintained by a competent person.
No unauthorized repair is allowed.
Follow the safe working instructions

installed with an effective interlocking safety


system.
The hoist is only operable after all the gates
have been
closed.
Do not use a material hoist unless it has been
repaired
and maintained by a competent person. No
unauthorized
repair is allowed.
Do not put loose materials into receptacles
unless properly
secured.

Ensure good communication with the


operator of a material
hoist. All signals should be understood and
followed.

Portable Power Tool


Do not use a portable power tool
(such as saw, grinder and drill)
unless its dangerous parts have

Loadshifting Machinery

been effectively guarded.

Unless you are a worker concerned,

Place the electric cable and

do not work in an area where a loader,

hose of a tool at an appropriate

an excavator, etc. is in operation.

position to avoid tripping

Do not operate any loadshifting


machinery without training and
approval.

Compressed Air
Use compressed air only for specified

Operators of forklift trucks,

purposes.

bulldozers, loaders, excavators,

Do not use any compressed air

trucks or lorries should possess

equipment, pipes and relevant devices

appropriate certificates.

unless they are of good construction and


have been examined and certified safe

Cartridge-operated Fixing Tool

by a competent examiner before use.

Do not operate a cartridgeoperated fixing tool


unless you have

Fix the connectors properly.

possessed a valid certificate.

Do not abuse the use of compressed air

Wear suitable eye and ear

for cleaning purpose. Use a brush or a

protectors while operating a

vacuum cleaner to remove dust from

cartridge-operated fixing tool.

clothing and skin.

Do not twist the pipes.

Use a cartridge-operated fixing tool


with great care.

Electric Tool

Before using an electric tool, check the

working in it.

tool and its plug and connecting cable.


Do not use a damaged tool.

Gas Welding and Flame Cutting

Do not use an electric tool unless

Do not use the equipment for gas welding

its connecting cable is well

or flame cutting unless you have attained

protected.

the age of 18 years and hold a valid certificate.

Do not use an electric tool unless

Do not use any gas cylinder unless it

its metal casing is earthed and its

has been fitted with flashback arrestors.

power supply is provided with

Wear personal protective equipment.

an earth leakage circuit breaker.

Keep the workplace clean.

Do not repair or alter any electrical

Place fire extinguishers

installation unless competent to do so.

within reach.

If you meet any fault or problem, report

Keep gas cylinders in an

it to your supervisor immediately.

upright position and secure


it properly to avoid overturning.

Excavations

If gas leakage is detected,

Keep the fence on all sides of

report it to your supervisor

an excavation intact.

immediately.

Use safe access for ingress

Fire Risk

and egress.

There is always a fire risk. However,

Do not pile soil or any other

the chances of fire can be reduced,

materials at the edge of an

and you will know what to do when

excavation.

a fire breaks out if you:

Make sure that a trench is

Always keep the workplace clean

securely shored before

and tidy.

Handle machinery and tools that

Dispose all wastes, and unwanted

may generate sparks or heat

materials must be disposed of at

carefully.

a designated place.

Do not smoke or use naked

Notify your supervisor of the

flames in any area where

requirement for the separate

flammable and explosive

disposal of chemical or

substances are stored.

inflammable wastes.

Know where fire extinguishers are

Do not leave planks with nails

located and how they are used.

on passageways.

Know the place of assembly for


fire evacuation

Safety Supervisors
Their responsibility is to assist

Public Safety

others to work smoothly

Pay attention to public safety.

and safely.

Members of the public are often

They have received specific

unaware of or do not understand

safety training and are

the work carried out on

important members of the

construction sites and the risks

construction team.

involved.

They have legal responsibility

Take great care to prevent the fall

or liability for the overall safety

of materials from height.

of the construction site.

Do not stack materials on floor

You should get to know your

edges or on scaffolds

safety supervisor.

Waste Disposal

Eye Protection

A wise worker will certainly take

instructions.

good care of his eyesight.

Do not reuse disposable ear

A small fragment may cause

plugs.

serious consequences if it

Clean ear protectors regularly

enters one's eyes.


When there is a risk of eye

Personal Protective Equipment

injury, such as in concrete

For your own safety and interest, use the


personal

breaking or using abrasive


wheels, you should wear

protective equipment provided by your


employer.

suitable eye protectors.

Wear gloves when handling or contacting

Take proper care of the eye

chemicals.

protectors provided to you.

Remember to wear a mask when working

Replace damaged or defective

in a dusty environment.

eye protectors immediately.

Wear eye and ear protectors whenever

Ensure that eye protectors are comfortable to


wear, and keep clean.

necessary.

Use eye protectors for eye protection do not


put it on your head

Wear a safety harness and secure it to


a safe anchorage point when working at

or hang it on your neck.

height. A bamboo scaffold is not a safe

Bear in mind that eye protectors are


replaceable, but not your eyes.

anchorage point, so do not fasten the


safety harness to it.
Wear safety shoes to prevent foot injury.

Noise

Consult your supervisor if in doubt.

Wear ear protectors in areas


with high noise levels.
Properly wear ear protectors
according to the manufacturer's

Safety Helmet
Wear a safety helmet on a

construction site.

and wear safety boots or shoes

Keep the harness of the

to prevent injury to toes by

helmet clean and make sure

heavy falling objects.

that it fits well.

Seek assistance from someone

Do not drill any holes on the

in lifting a load if necessary.

helmet or use it for pounding.


Personal Hygiene
First Aid

Keep yourself clean.

If you sustain an injury or

Wash hands before meals

feel not well while at work,

and after using the toilet.

even if it is minor, go to

Dress tidily and in protective

the first aid room right away


for medical treatment and

clothing.

notify your supervisor.

Alcohol and Drugs

Put the case on record.

Do not drink alcohol, or take


drugs, while at work.

Manual Handling Operations

If you need to take drugs due

Avoid manual handling operations as far as

to illness, report it to your

possible to minimize the risk of injury.

supervisor.

Estimate the weight of the load.


Lift an object with a correct posture.
Wear suitable protective equipment.
Put on gloves as far as possible
to protect your hands from
any cut, scratch or puncture,

SAFETY MANUAL

Of health and safety

PROJECT HSE PLAN

Benefits of safety committee

EFFECTIVE SAFETY COMMITTEES

Consultant

Purpose of safety committee

Identify hazards

Help protects employee by providing knowledge


of safety

protect employee and employer

Helps protect employee by providing a solution


to issues
Bring together labor and management for
health and safety
Help the employee give training to manager ,
supervision and workers for better hazard
identification and control and health and safety
performance

Communication between labor and


management
Duties of safety committee members
Receive concerns , reports and suggestions by
employees and give them to manager level and
give the management level response to
employees
Workplace inspection

Roles of safety committee

Receiving training

Know the feelings and thinking of employee by


survey and interview

Attending meetings

Analyze the behavior of employee by observing

Control measures and safety improvement


progress

Do safety inspections at workplace

Monitoring

Do safety audits

Hazard identification

Control measures and safety improvements


measure should be monitored

communication

Evaluate quality of safety culture in long terms

Know their purpose of job

Develop and submit the written


recommendations

Know the role

Functions of safety committee


To have knowledge
Skills
Abilities

Benfits of training the safety committee

Know the function


Know the responsibility
Know the skills
Know the abilities

Know the information on health and safety

Causes of majority injuries

Hazard identification profit for company

Inadequate supervision ,education ,


accountability , and resources

Competition leading
Effective audit

Hazardous conditions

Lower injury and illness rates

Material

Three areas for effective safety committee


training

Equipment

Safety committee operations


Hazard identification and control
Accident investigation procedures
Hierarchy of controls
Engineering controls
Administrative controls
Personal protective equipment
Accident investigation procedures
Write data of accident
Know the surface and root causes
Make the report
Suggest safety measures

Environment
People
system
System design and implementation
Objectives
Policy
Plan
Procedures
Processes
Budget
Report
Rules
Safety inspection

Causes of accident report failures


Surface causes are uncovered but , root causes
are not uncovered
Hazardous conditions are uncovered

In safety inspection we give time to know for a


thorough inspection to be conducted to know
what is happening
Job hazard analysis

Unsafe work practices uncovered

Employee , managers together solve the


problems

Failure in safety management uncovered

Problem solving techniques

Understand the problem

Objectives and completion dates are set

Discuss causes

Members trained

Target solutions
Sell solutions

EFFECTIVE SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETINGS

Implement solutions

How often do safety committees meet

5 wh analysis

Some once a month and some more often

Who is getting hurt ?

When committee meeting should be held

What actually caused the injury ?

Its most effective if the safety committee


conducts a meeting immediately after the
inspection

When workers are getting hurt ?


Where workers are getting hurt ?
how workers are getting hurt ?

What happens in an effective safety committee


meeting

How to conduct a survey

Discuss findings

Gather a team of trained employees

Ensure identified hazards are reported to


responsible supervisors or managers

Determine who you are going to sample


Decide how will you conduct the survey ?

Analyze findings and discuss their possible


rootcause

Tell everyone why you are going to conduct


survey ?

Make recommendations to improve safety


programs

Conduct the survey

Purpose of safety committee meeting

Summarize result

To bring management and labor together

Discuss the result with CEO

Preparing for the meeting

Characteristics of an effective safety


committee

Chairperson preparation

Organized meeting
Good communication
Roles and purposes are understood
Standard of behavior

Recorder must be trained


Prepare the agenda and keep it brief
Prepare the meeting room

Thank every one for coming

Handle problem situations


Disagreement

Call the meeting to order

conflict
Evaluate

Note attendence

Meeting process and outcomes


Improve

Introduce visitors

Meeting process
OSH TRAINING

Review ground rules

Review meeting minutes

SAFETY EDUCATION
We become educated in safety in many ways
including :
personal experience

Review agenda topics

Formal classroom training


On the job training

Discuss unfinished business

Review observations of conditions and


behaviors

Evaluate incident and accident report

Receive safety committee status reports

Conduct safety committee training / education

Effective safety education must tell learners why


it is important to use safe procedures and
practices
Natural consequences
Natural consequences are those that naturally
occur as a result of what an employee or
organization does
System consequences
System consequences are those actions taken by
another person in response to an employees
choice and behaviours
Technical safety training
How to safety training is actually the most
common type of safety education

Conduct a safety inspection

General safety instruction

Is usually conducted using the lecture or


discussion method
Purpose of training program
To provide training professionals for effective
safety education

Manager
Marketer
Media specialist
Analyst

Criterea for accepted practices in safety ,


Health and environmental training

Program administrator

Program development

Strategies

Delivery evaluation

Task analysis

Program management

Theoretician

Suggested training plan core elements

Transfer agent

Training facility

Guidelines for instructor competency

Training director

Certified person

Instructors

Designated

Course materials

Authorized

Students

Competent

Ratios

Qualified

Proficiency assessment

Purpose of training evaluation

Course certificate

To know the amount of learning achieved by


training

Record keeping
Program quality control
Safety trainer perform many roles
Evaluator
Facilitator
Counselor
Writer
Instructors

Designer

Whether an employees performance has


improved on the job as a result of training
RKSAI
Evaluate students :
Reaction
Learning
Application

result
Guidelines for evaluating training programs

In reactive strategy you react after the accident


has happened

How training program is managed

In pro active strategy you make sure that no


accident should occur in workplace

Quality of training processes

Labor and management accountability

The result of training

Employees should believe that they are going to


be held accountable for their decisions and
actions

Suggested program quality control criterea


training plan

Six elements of effective accountability system :

Program management , training director , staff


and consultants training facilities and resources

1.formal standard of performance

Quality control and evaluation

2.adequate resources and psychosocial support

Students

3.a system of performance measurement

Institutional environment and administrative


support

4.application of effective consequences

SAFETY MANAGEMENT

6.continous evaluation of accountability system

Top management commitment

Points to remember:

You should know the benefits of your


commitment towards safety

The more Regularly you Recognize and Reward ,


the more Rarely you will have to Reprimand

You must develop programs , policies , plans


and procedures

Training , resources , enforcement , supervision


and leadership are 5 obligations of safety

Do commitment to safety because it saves lives ,


money and you stay out of trouble

Employee involvement

Safety leadership increases companys potential


Coercive ,controlling and caring are the three
leadership models out of which caring model is
the real commitment approach

5.appropriate application of consequences

Employee is held accountable by the employer


for complying with the safety rules , reporting
workplace injuries immediately and reporting
hazards
Rewards are great but , recognition is better

You must have a vision and mission statement

Effective communications

There are two safety strategies: reactive and


pro active

Its a responsibility to communicate effectively


Its not what you say its about how you say it

Hazard identification and control

We educate to show why

Hazard is state of being leading to illness or


injury of a person

We train to show how

What can control hazards :

A simple seven step on the job training includes:

2.Engineering controls

1.introduction 2.trainer shows and tells 3.


learner tells trainer shows 4 . Learner shows
and tells 5 . Conclusion 6.documentation 7.
validate

3.administrative controls

Total quality safety management

1. Eliminate and substitute hazards

4.personal protective equipment


Material , people , environment ,system ,
equipment may be hazardous

Quality and safety are partners in productivity

Do a walk around inspection to see hazards


Employee may use his own procedure if not
directly supervised

TQM means to improve performance and


process by using coorporate resources

Unsafe behaviors lead to 95% cause of accidents


Incident and accident investigation
Dont go for blame but fix the system
You cant afford to relax or be content in safety
Incident causes property damage and accident
causes life damage too
You must know the plan and how to work the
plan
If accident occurs you must know :
1. background information 2.surface causes and
root causes
You have to make a report of accident in which
you write about findings , recommendations
and summary
Safety education and training
Be trained

DEMING says about total quality safety


management that have a purpose for
improvement , adopt a new philosophy , cease
dependence on mass inspection , dont go for
price tag- go for reducing total cost , improve
constantly , give training on job , drive out fear ,
break down barriers between departments ,
dont pressurize workforce , give self
improvement education and act for
transformation
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
THE REQUIREMENT FOR PPE
To ensure the greatest possible protection for
employees in workplace
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY
To wear and maintain PPE

Chemical hazards

FACE AND EYE PROTECTION

Radiological hazards

HEAD PROTECTION

Mechanical hazards
WHAT SHOULD NOT BE WORN?

FOOT PROTECTION

HAND PROTECTION

The PPE rules requires that rings , wristwatches ,


earnings , bracelets and other jewelery must not
be worn if its possible for it to come into
contact with power driven machinery or electric
circuitry
HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CONTROL
BASIC EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITY

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

SHIELDS

BARRIERS

RESTRAINTS
WHEN AND WHERE PPE IS REQUIRED?
Whenever following conditions are encountered
:

The employer should see that workers are


properly instructed and supervised in the safe
operation of any machinery tools , equipment ,
process or practice which they are authorized to
use or apply
BASIC EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY
All employees should conduct their work in
compliance with their employers safety policies
and rules. Employees should report all injuries
immediately to the person in charge or other
responsible representative of the employer
.employees should make full use of safeguards
provided for their protection
SAFETY INSPECTIONS

Process hazards

Environmental hazards

Employers should make sure their workplace are


inspected by a qualified person as often as the
type of operation or the character of the
equipment requires.
HAZARDS

Raw materials

Identifying workplace hazards

Toxic chemicals

Analyzing the workplace

Stationary machinery

Developing solution

equipment may not be properly guarded / or in


poor working order

Writing solution

Tools may not be properly maintained


Extreme noise in work environment
Poor work station designs
Flammable or combustible atmospheres
Floors may be slippery and aisles cluttered
Guard rails , ladders or floor hole covers may be
missing or damage
Employees might be fatigued , distracted in
some way , or other wise lack the physical /
mental way , or working safely
HAZARD
Unsafe work conditions or practices that could
cause injuries or illness to employees

Writing recommendations
Taking action
Evaluating the results
Five general hazards
Material
Equipment
Environment
People
system
13 hazard categories
Acceleration
Biological

Recognized hazards

Chemical reactions

Industry recognition

Electrical

Employee recognition

Ergonomics

Common sense recognition

Explosives and explosions

Exposure

Flammability and fires

Physical

Temprature

Environmental

Mechanical

potential

Pressure

Six steps hazard control process

Radiation

Toxics

Personal protective equipment

Vibration / noise

Solving safety problems-two key strategies

Identifying hazards

Eliminate or reduce the surface cause

informal and formal observation programs

Eliminate or reduce he root cause

Comprehensive wide surveys

Cause effect analysis

Individual interviews

Every effect is the result of a cause

Walk around inspection

Key steps to develop effective


recommendations

Documentation review
A written record will help ensure
Assignment of responsibility for hazard
correction
Tracking of correction to completion

Write the problem statement


Describe the history of problem
State the solution options that would correct the
problem

Identification of problems in the control system

Describe the consequences as a cost. Vs . Benefit


analysis

Identification of problems in the accountability


system

EFFECTIVE ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

Identifcation of hazards for which no prevention


or control has been planned
4 analysis

What is an accident
An accident is the final event in an unplanned
process that result in injury or illness to an
employee and possibly property damage

Job hazard analysis

Accident types

change analysis

STRUCK BY

Process hazard analysis

STRUCK AGAINST

Phase hazard analysis

CONTACT BY

Hierarchy of control

CONTACT WITH

Elimination

CAUGHT ON

Substitution

CAUGHT BETWEEN

Engineering controls

FALL TO SURFACE

Administrative controls

FALL TO BELOW

Determine the solutions

OVER EXERTION

Write the report

BODILY REACTION

DOCUMENTING THE ACCIDENT SCENE

OVER EXPOSURE

Make personal observations

CAUSE OF ACCIDENT

Take photos of accident scene

Old theory-worker error :says worker makes a


choice to work in an unsafe manner

Take video clips of the scene


sketch the accident scene

New theory-system approach : says accidents


occur due to multiple causes and due to defects
in the systems

Interview records

Characteristics of effective incident


investigation program

Be sure you ask the

Clearly assigned responsibility for accident


investigation
All accident investigations will be formally
trained on accident investigation techniques
The purpose is to find fact not fault
Dig deep to know hazardous conditions that
caused accidents
report will make the recommendations to
correct the hazardous conditions and work
practices

Steves seven rights of interview process

Right people the


Right question at the
Right time in the
Right place in the
Right way for the
Right reason to uncover the
Right facts
WHO NEEDS TO BE INTERVIEWED
The victim

Corrective actions must be completed


Co workers
An annual review of accident reports
Direct supervisors
Six steps for conducting accident investigation
Manager
Secure the accident scene
Training department
Conduct interview
Personnel department
Develop the sequence of events
Maintenance department
Conduct cause analysis

Emergency responders

Actual events

Medical personal

Assumed events

Coroner

Non events

Police

Simultaneous events

The victims spouse and family

Developing the sequence of events

Effective interviewing techniques

Once the sequence of events is developed we


will study each event to know:

Keep the purpose of investigation in the mind


Approach the investigation with an open mind
Go to the scene
Express concern regarding the accident and
desire to prevent a similar occurrence
Tell the interviewee that the information they
give is important
Be friendly , understanding and open minded
Be calm and unhurried
Single event theory
An accident is thought to be the result of a
single , one time easily identifiable , unusual ,
unexpected occurrence that result in injury or
illness

Hazardous condition
Unsafe behaviors
System weaknesses
Components of an event
Actor: the actor is an individual or object that
directly influenced the flow of the sequence of
events
Action is something that is done by the actor
Hazardous conditions
Materials
Machinery
Equipment

The domino theory

Tools

This describes as a series of related occurences


which lead to a final event that results in injury
or illness

Chemicals

Multiple cause theory


Accidents are a result of a series of random
related and / or unrelated actions that
somehow interact to cause the accident
Four categories of events

Environment
Workstations
Facilities
People
workload
Levels of cause analysis

Injury analysis

Evacuation procedures

Event analysis

Emergency escape route assignments

System analysis

Procedures to account for all employee after an


emergency evacuation has been completed

Higher priority strategies that control hazards

Substitution

Name or job titles of personas who can be


contacted for further information or explanation
of duties under the plan.

Engineering controls

NATURAL DISASTERS

Elimination

Avalanche
Lower priority strategies to control exposure
and behavior

Biological

WARNINGS

Sand storms

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Earth quakes

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Extreme heat / cold

WRITING THE REPORT

Fire

Background

Flood

Description

Hurricane

Findings

Landslide / Madslide

Recommendations

Lightning

Summary

Snow / Ice / hail

EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS

Tornando

Drought

Volcanic eruption
WHAT IS AN EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN

Tsunami

An action plan to organize employee and


employer action during workplace emergencies

TECHNOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES

COMPONENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE EMERGENCY


ACTION PLAN
Ways to report fires and other emergencies

Aircraft crash
Structural collapse
Business interruption

Communication
Levee failure

Develop methods to alert employees

Explosion/fire
Extreme air pollution

Identify methods to alert employees

Financial collapse
Fuel .resource shortage
Hazardous material release

Identify how and when the employees will be


trained

Power / utility failure


Radiological / nuclear accidents

Address how and when drills and retraining will


be conducted

Transportation accidents
WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN DEVELOPING EAP

One policy doesnt fit all situations

Development of emergency action plan


Establish authority
Conduct employee training and plan review

Designate someone who will stay to shut down


critical operations during an evacuation

Review , coordinate and update the plan


Determine specific evacuation routes and exits
Make sure EAP meets specific needs

Consider and list potential natural or man made


emergencies

Designate evacuation coordinates and


workdens

Develop resue and medical assistance strategies


Conduct EAP employee training
Consider communication
Update the EAP regularly
Identify methods for reporting fires

INTRODUCTION TO FIRE PREVENTION PLANS

Warning and caution signs


Fire detectors

What does the fire prevention plan do for your


ORGANIZATION

Pull stations
Agent storage containers
Purpose of an alarm system

Serves to reduce the risk of fires at your


workplace
Causes of fire
Electrical hazards

The purpose of and employee alarm system is to


reduce the severity of work place accidents and
injuries by ensuring that alarm systems operate
properly and procedures are in place to alert
employees to workplace emergencies
The fire triangle
Enough oxygen to sustain combustion

Portable heaters

Enough heat to rise the material to its ignition


temperature and

Office fire hazards

Some sort of fuel or combustible material

Cutting , welding and open flame work

Fire extinguisher ratings

Flammable and combustible material

Class a ordinary combustible

Smoking in the wrokplace

Class b flammable liquids

Fixed extinguished system

Class c electrical equipment

Fixed fire extinguishing systems are commonly


used to protect areas containing value able or
critical equipment such as data processing
rooms , telecommunication switches and
process control rooms

Class d combustible metals

Components of a fixed system


Discharge nozzle
Piping
Control panel
Warning alarm

Class k restaurant kitchens


Types of fire extinguishers
Dry chemical extinguishers
Halon extinguishers
Water extinguishers
Carbon dioxide extinguishers
HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

PASS : PULL AIM SQUEEZE-SWEEP


MANAGEMENT TRAINING RESPONSIBLITY

A significant injury or illness diagnosed by a


physician or other licensed health care
professional

OSHA 300 form is the log of work related


injuries and illnesses
All managers should be trained and make sure
employees are also trained to understand their
FFP responsibility.

OSHA 300 A is the summary of work related


injuries and illnesses

OSH RECORD KEEPING


OSHA FORM 301 or equipment is the workers
and employers report of occupational injury or
disease
The record keeping and reporting rule requires
employers to record and report work related
fatalities , injuries and illnesses . Its important
to record or report a work related injury , illness
or fatality

An injury or illness meets the general recording


criteria and is recordable , if it results in any
one of following six conditions :

You must involve your employees and their


representatives in the record keeping system

TOTAL NO. OF INJURIES AND ILLNESSES / NO.


OF HOURS WORKED BY ALL EMPLOYEES * 200 ,
000 = TOTAL RECORDABLE CASE RATE

Death
Days away from work
Restricted work or job transfer
Medical treatment beyond first aid
Loss of consciousness

HAZARD COMMUNICATION

The hazard communication rule applies to any


chemical which is known to be present in the
workplace in such a manner that employees
may be exposed under normal conditions of use
or in a foreseeable emergency
Responsibility

being used in the workplace, assign


responsibilities and describes procedures for:
Labeling containers
Maintaining and using material safety data
sheets

Chemical manufacturers and importers must


evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces
or imported by them to determine if they are
hazardous

Information and training

Employers must assess the hazards of chemicals


and develop a written hazard communication
plan along with training and information

Contractor procedures

Material safety data sheet


Chemical manufacturers and importers must
obtain and develop a material safety data sheet
for each hazardous chemical they produce or
import and must develop appropriate labels
that provide hazard warning information
Employee training
How to
Reference the chemical test or hazards
Use material data safety sheets
Use protective practices including PPE

Pipe labeling
Non routine tsk procedures

Hazardous substance
Is any chemical which poses a physical or a
health hazard?
Physical hazards
Are chemical reactions that could result in a fire,
explosion and/ or toxic gas release which cause
physical trauma if chemicals are handled or
stored improperly?
Health hazards
Is health effects caused directly by the chemicals
themselves, not an injury resulting from a
reaction

Recognize a release of chemicals


Detect over exposure to chemicals
Write secondary container labels
Hazard communication plan
Employers must develop, implement and
maintain a written hazard communication plan
that contains a list of hazardous chemicals

Dusts, fumes. Fibres . Mists . Vapors , gases ,


solids , liquids
Chemical effects
On various organs of the human body depend
on several important factors : solid , liquid or
gas ?
Ingested , inhaled , absorbed or injected ?

How much chemical makes its ways into the


body?
How poisonous is the chemical?

HAZWOPER
Hazardous waste operations and emergency
response covers response to uncontrollable
releases
CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

Routes of entry
Routes of entry of chemicals may take must be
known when assessing the workplace for
chemical hazards.
Alternative labeling methods
HMIS ( hazardous material information system)

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS :

It focuses on the relationship between the


worker , task tools and environment .after you
identify uncontrolled hazards , you will take
steps to eliminate or reduce them to an
acceptable risk level . You can prevent
workplace injuries and illnesses.

NFPA (national fire protection association )


Material safety data sheet
Used to communicate chemical hazard
information from the manufacturer to the
employee to train and inform on safe use of
hazardous chemicals
Employers must obtain a MSDS from the
chemical manufacturer or import as soon as
possible
Employers must maintain in the workplace
copies of required material safety data sheets

IMPROVE YOUR EMPOYEES

Get together with your employees and talk


about the actual and potential hazards and
unsafe behaviors they believe might exist in
their current work and surroundings .Discuss the
possible accident that might result from the
hazards and behaviors . Next come up with
ideas to eliminate or control those hazards and
behaviors.

Employee must know


The hazard communication program
The measures to protect themselves

LOOK FOR HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND


UNSAFE
BEHAVIOURS

Detect the release or presence of hazardous


chemical
Physical and health hazards
When new hazardous chemical is used in
organization

Material safety data sheets


Experienced workers
Accident and incident reports

First aid statistical record

Basic job step

Behavior based safety reports

Hazard present

Safety committee meeting minutes

Preventive measures

Safety inspection reports

GOALS WHILE CONDUCTING A JHA

Previous JHAs

What can go wrong

Existing work procedures

What are the consequences ?

Equipment manuals

How could the hazard arise ?

Preventive /corrective maintenance

What are the other contributing factors ?

records

HIGH RISK BEHAVIOURS


Working at evaluation , no matter what job is

How likely is that hazard will occur ?

TIPS
Write safe job procedure

Lifting , lowering , pushing , pulling and other


manual handling operations

Hire professionals to conduct JHA

Other working above or below the work area

Improve the JHA process by taking a team


approach

Use of bridge cranes man lifts , or other heavy


equipment

RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEEMNT

Working on or near energized equipment


/components

SAFETY MANUAL

Working alone or in isolated workplaces


Operating vehicles

HOW TO ASSESS THE RISK

Working within a confined space or under temp


extremes

The risk score is determined by


multiplying the consequence and
likelihood scores you have recorded for
each hazard

To assess the risk associated with


hazards you have identified, ask the
following questions:

RISK ANALYSIS
Risk = probability*severity
JHA FORMAT
JHA includes three columns:

How likely is the hazard to cause harm


to someone?

What is the worst possible damage the


hazard could cause in terms of human
suffering and cost if you don't resolve
the problem?

How many people are exposed to the


risk? Sometimes it may be the amount
of time workers spend on an activity
that creates the safety risk, rather than
the nature of the work task itself.
Everyone is different. A hazard may also
pose more risk to some people more
than others because of differences in
physical strength, experience, training
etc.

HOW TO MANAGE THE RISK

The risk score is determined by


multiplying the consequence and
likelihood scores you have recorded for
each hazard

To assess the risk associated with


hazards you have identified, ask the
following questions:

How likely is the hazard to cause harm


to someone?

What is the worst possible damage the


hazard could cause in terms of human
suffering and cost if you don't resolve
the problem?

How many people are exposed to the


risk? Sometimes it may be the amount
of time workers spend on an activity
that creates the safety risk, rather than
the nature of the work task itself.

Everyone is different. A hazard may also


pose more risk to some people more
than others because of differences in
physical strength, experience, training
etc.

THE END
THANK YOU
PLEASE GIVE YOUR FEEDBACK :
yawarhassankhan@hotmail.com
03442271438

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