Manuale SuperAmpelo - en Draft

SUPERAMPELO
Software for ampelometric and

ampelographic descriptions in vitis
Manual for customer
TOOLS FOR THE AGRICULTURE
Guide for use of SuperAmpelo
Monastero dei SS. Pietro e Paolo

Loc. Giardino della Risurrezione 28887 Germagno (VB) Italy
Tel. +39-0323866832 Fax +39-0323866832
E-mail: monastero@monasterogermagno.it
To the realization of this software they have collaborated to various title it the following institutes of search:

CNR - Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, Unit di Grugliasco (TO) Italy

Georgian Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking (Georgia)
Research Center, Istituto Agrario (IASMA), via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele (TN) Italy
University of Milano, Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale, via Celoria, Milano (MI) Italy
NB.:
The names of the grapevines, the measures and the images that appear in this manual do not have
value scientific, but only exemplifying.
Summary
Introduction
Bunches
26
Requirement for installation
Berries
26
Installation
Seeds
26
Configuration
Structure of menus
Data acquisition
9
10
Measurement of the leaves of another
Export data
27
Points coordinates of every leaf
27
Values calculated of every leaf
28
Average of the values calculated on the
variety
10
series
28
Go on with the leaves measurement
11
Standard leaf Image
29
Change the type of source
11
Bunches measures
29
Berries measures
29
Seeds measures
29
Measurement of the bunches of another

variety
11
Go on with the measurement of the

bunches
Show the archives

11
variety
11

berries
11
12
29
Single leaves all the leaves of a cycle

of reading
Measurement of the seeds of the another

variety
Leaves coordinates all the leaves of a

cycle of reading
Measurement of the berries of another
29
31
Leaves average summary of a cycle of

reading
32
Data for register the national catalogue
33
Similarity analysis the leaves of a cycle
seeds
12
of reading
33
Selected source Twain
12
Compare variety
34
Exit
12
Search variety with similar shape of leaf
36
12
Similarity analysis the group of varieties
39
Correct points coordinates of a leaf
13
Retrospective calculations
39
Correct measurement of the teeth
14
Bunches summary and single values of
Correct visual codes
16
a cycle of reading
Reorders progression leaves
17
Berries summary and single values of a
18
cycle of reading
Ampelometry of every leaf
18
Seeds summary and single values of a
Ampelometry of the leaves series
19
cycle of reading
Similarity analysis
20
Change data
Data analysis
Change data archive
41
42
42
43
43
Measurement of a new leaf
45
Measurement of the leaves of a new
47
variety
72
Utility archive
48
Backup
48
Measurement of a leaf
72
Restore
49
74
Associate archives
49
Reorganize of n analysis leaves
50
variety
Reorganize of n analysis bunches
50
Reorganize of n analysis berries
51
Reorganize of n analysis seeds
51
Delete variety data
51
variety
Rename variety
52
Associate variety data
52
Measurement of a bunch
78
Export data variety for other Institute
52
Measurement of the new bunch
80
Import data variety from other Institute
53
Measurement of the bunches of a new
54
variety
Measurement instruments
Camera
71
Graphical tablet
Measurement of the bunches
74
75
76
77
78
80
Distance among two points
54
Perimeter of the polygon
55
Measurement of the berries
82
Angle
57
Measurement of the new berries
84
Circumference described through three
82
Measurement of the berries of new
points
58
Clean image
60
Option
72
variety
Measurement of the seeds
84
85
60
85
Configuration
60
Measurement of the new seeds
87
Document
60
Measurement of the seeds of a new
Release SuperAmpelo
60
variety
Update database structure
61
Tips for measuring leaf
88
Information about
61
Appendix
91
87
Measurement of the leaves
62
Tables of recording data
91
Start of the software
63
List calculate values
91
Start guided
63
List ampelographics codes compiled
Normal start
65
(OIV and GenRes081)
93
Image from scanner
65
Drawings
94
66
I N T R O D U C T I O N
Introduction
The structure of SuperAmpelo software.
uperAmpelo it is a software planned in order to facilitate the work of

institutes of research that are dedicated to studying and to catalogation of
grapevine. It is a software developed in Microsoft Visual Studio.NET totally
compatible with Microsoft Access 2000.
Besides the measurement of leaves, with the automatic compilation of all biometric
codes OIV and GenRes081 and Wizard of those visual, it allows the measurement
of grape, berry and seed. The acquisition of data can happen through coming
images from scanner, camera digital or other Twain source, or by means of
graphical tablet.
The software allows also to save in files graphical the profile standard of leaf.
All data are saved in Microsoft Access files, having allowed therefore ulterior
reworks with Microsoft Office without risks of loss of information. Every table
contains a description that of it explains the content and the function. It is only
recommended not to modify the structure of tables.
Requirement for installation

In order to install and to execute SuperAmpelo the computer must have following
requirement:

microprocessor Pentium 800 Mhz or higher

monitor to colors with graphical card sVGA:
for the corrected visualization of the images is advised a definition
of 65.536 colors
for a good visualization of the shielded ones and in order to use
the software of reading of the leaves a definition is advised of 1024
x 768 pixel
512 Mb of memory (RAM) or higher
hard disk equipped at least 75 Mb of free space in which installing the
software and ulterior 70 Mb in order to install the platform necessary
Framework .NET 1.1 for the execution of all software .NET
player Cd
a tablet for the reading of the leaves and/or a scanner
system Windows Me, NT, 2000 Professional, Xp, Vista
Microsoft Excel in order to export the data in this format (version 9.0 or
advanced)
In following chapters them of this manual it will are illustrated the operation of
software with various windows.
The customer is guided uses in it of software also from the successive activation of
various members of windows and from drop-down control with predetermined
values, the aim to avoid possible errors of typing in.
Installation
Before installing SuperAmpelo sure it is already installed Framework .NET 1.1,
otherwise proceed with its installation from CD (directory dotNetFramework) or
from the website of Microsoft.
Run Setup.exe and then follow the installation software.
Configuration
Once installed the software SuperAmpelo be configured by accessing the
configuration window from the menu Options. The window has four tabs that
collect the different parameters to set up.
Fig. 0.1 Configuration: General settings
Before, called Options, you can set the menu language. Currently available languages
are Italian and English. To change the language it is necessary to select that wished
from the drop-down control Language. In order to render the setting operating it is
necessary to start again the software.
From this tab you can choose whether to use of the guided start or not. This
option guided the operator in stage of start of software making to choose the
object to measure, the type of source to use and making to insert the data
identification of variety to measure. Draft of an sequence obliged that can turn out
annoying, but can be useful to become familiar with operating logic of the
software. Disabling this option is approached directly of software menu.
Also from this tab, you can choose whether to insert in the images of profile
standards of leaf that export the name and the code of represented variety. These
identification data appear in the image file exported, but not in images shows, as
these information is already present in various windows of software.
You can also to choose whether to insert after the print a page of legend with the
schematic drawings us of leaf to illustrate the parameters measured. It will appear

an pattern for the distances and one for the angles with the indication of the
symbols used.
Using the push-button Setup page you can change the page margins and the
default printer.
The second tab regards the configuration of graphical tablet. The software can
work with graphical tablets is connected to serial port COM, than USB. Must
therefore first select the type of port where the device is connected.
Fig. 0.2 Configuration: Port COM
To configuration a tablet connected to port COM must select the voice Port COM.
The software searches present ports COM on your computer (from the 1 to 9) and
indicates in a control recapitulation those which in that moment is connected the
peripheral.
Once that the tablet has been connected and switched on, and you selected the
port number to which it is connected, pressing the push-button Test tablet can be
verified some the correct operation selecting of the points with the pointer of
tablet. Below the test push-button displays a field in which they show the
coordinates of selected points. If the tablet responds correctly, pressing the pushbutton Records tablet port is recorded the port.
In event in which, although the tablet is connected properly, and being indicated
the exact port, it does not respond, you can try to configuration the port from
operating system in this way:
Baud rate
Parity
Bit
Stop bit
9600
None
7
2
To configuration a tablet connected to a port should select the voice Port USB and
to press the push-button Config. tablet USB. At this point should indicate the size of
the sensitive area of tablet and the maximum ordinate and abscissa may be given
from tablet (ie the number of pixels available for the X and Y). To know the size of
sensitive area of tablet should consult your instructions manual. To find the
maximum ordinate and abscissa can press the push-button Tablet test and be
carried with the pointer on the ends of tablet and be read of the values read on the
field that appears below the same push-button.
Fig. 0.3 Configuration: Port USB
Where carrying the pointer on the tablet does not appear any value (would have to
appear the coordinates of the selected point) verify that the connection cable is
inserted and that the tablet does not require an external power supply that in this
moment is off. In case no reply yet to contact the software producer.
Once you have entered this information press the push-button Record tablet port.
Remember that the size of the sensitive area given expressed in millimetre. This
information is needed to software to obtain the real size of leaf, but do not affect
the operation of the same one. At this point the software is ready to use the tablet.
It is recommended that you experiment to verify the exact correspondence of the
measures.
The third tab regards the heading of the documents that will be included in the
prints and in the file of different formats of the exported data. There are two lines
where you can insert the heading of institute or entity is using the software. When
configuring the values will be: Riga 1 and Riga 2.
Pressing the push-button Change heading, become operational fields for data entry.
Enter the values desired in fields.
Ie.: Istituto Agrario il melo verde.
Sezione operativa di viticoltura.
At this point the push-button will have changed text and will go pressed to record
the new data.
Fig. 0.4 Configuration: Heading
The heading data can be changed at any time by returning the configuration
windows.
The fourth tab regards the set for execution of backup data.
Fig. 0.5 Configuration: Backup
You can enable the automatic backup that executes to the first start of the software
of every month a copy of the data file. These are contained in the file
Ampelometria.mdb. The backups will automatically receive an name indicating the
year and the month in which they were executed (ex. Backup-2007-3).
The second parameter concerns the directory or folder where the backups will run.
You can to write directly the path or to press on the push-button Browse to select
the desired directory.
Attention
If you wish to directly approach the data via MS Access to execute of

query is advised to make it by means of other file MS Access linked
to that containing the data. This is to avoid to change involuntarily
the structure of the tables or to lose the query when you do a
restoration the file Ampelometria.mdb.
The last tab on some graphics settings of standard profiles of the leaves. To
facilitate the identification of different overlapping leaves you can choose colors to
use. Al moment of the installation the succession of default of the colors is given
from the alphabetical succession of the colors available in Framework. This
sequence therefore shows no color criteria, then you should check and set the
colors that differ markedly between them.
Fig. 0.6 Configuration: Profiles leaves
To do this, select the control that presents a list of the colors of the different
profiles to change. Then choose the color to use for the selected profile from the
drop-down control Colors available. Once selected the color will update the list of
profiles with their respective colors.
You can also change the font and its size used for captions of profiles (usually the
name of the grape). The default font is Arial Normal 12. To change font, style or
size, press the push-button Change font. The software has a dialog window the list
of fonts available on your PC, with their styles and sizes. After selecting the desired
setting, press the Ok push-button.
Because this information to take effect you must restart the software, because they
are taken when the software is loaded.
S T R U C T U R E
O F
M E N U S
Structure of menus
We analyze the structure of menus
The main window of SuperAmpelo supplies the operator with various information.
The state bar, by means of an icon, indicates the object of the analysis, that is if the
software has been opened in order to measure leaves, bunches, berries or seeds.
Near this icon we can see messages that inform of the state of activity of the
software. In the reported example we are informed that the software is ready to
begin the measurement of the leaves of Fantasia, and that 0 leaves have already
been measured.
The indication of the number of objects already measured, a box informs of the
resolution in DPI of the loaded image, and in the following the coordinates of the
selected points are indicated each time.
Fig. 1.1 Main window
Under of the push-button bar there is the name of the grapevine on which it is
being worked, followed by the progressive number of the plant of the parcel from
which it has the leaf been taken. An icon placed beside the push-button for the
beginning of the selection of the points informs of the type of selected source. In
the reported example we hare chosen to work on images obtained from a scanner.
When an image is loaded the name of the file is shows near that one of the variety
on which it is being worked.
The push-button bar collects a series of functions regarding the images. A pushbutton allows the loading of the files (New image), other two allow the spin of the
image, while the last three of it allow the enlargement and the reduction.
S T R U C T U R E
O F
M E N U S
Through drop-down menus it is possible to reach all the functions of the software,
both for the acquisition of the measures and for their recording. Now in succession
we will analyze these functions one by one, while in the following chapters we will
show the measurement of the leaves, the bunches, the berries and the seeds in
practice.
Data acquisition
This menu presents all the controls who regard the acquisition of the data. At the
same time it is possible to manage a cycle of measurements of every object, that is
of the leaves, the bunches, the berries and seeds. These can also regard different
grapevines among the data of identification of the grapevine of every cycle of
measurement as are kept separate.
The controls of this menu allow to pass from a cycle of measurements to the other,
as well to open some new ones. But also to change the type of source used for the
acquisition of the data.
Measurement of the leaves of another variety
This control allows the beginning of a new cycle of measurements. The
SuperAmpelo software save all the acquired information (point coordinates,
measures, codes OIV, etc) in temporary tables. The data are added in them for the
whole period of a cycle of measurements. A cycle of measurements is open till a
new cycle begins. Going out of the SuperAmpelo software does not involve the
loss of data or the necessity to close the cycle of measurements begun.
When a new cycle of measurements is begun the software asks the operator if he
wishes to add the acquired data to the archives, that is if he wants to keep in the
archives all the information collected in the temporary tables during the cycle of
measurements. Beginning in fact a new cycle the temporary tables are annulled to
prepare them the insertion of the new data.
It is therefore opened a window for the insertion of the data of identification of the
grapevine. If some leaves have been measured and saved it is possible to find again
the name of grapevine in the drop-down control Name. It is however possible to
insert names and different codes of identification.
Fig. 1.2 Window insertion of data identification of the grapevine
Besides the name and code of identification of the grapevine it must be indicated
the progressive number of the plant of the parcel from which the leaves have been
taken. This will allow to calculate the averages of the single plants pointing out
possible anomalies due to different sanitary condition, problems nutrition or
10
S T R U C T U R E
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M E N U S
possible problems in phase of multiplication. For this it is suggested to take the

material from a single plant.
These fields cannot be left empty, for which, before passing from a field to the
other, the software controls the inserted data and in case asks again the insertion.
Once these data have been supplied the software gets ready for the acquisition of
the coordinates of the points waiting for loading of the images, or the start of the
reading by means of a tablet.
We send the detailed illustration of the procedure of acquisition of the data to the
following chapter.
Go on with the leaves measurement
This menu allows to resume the cycle of measurement of the leaves already begun.
The data are therefore added continuing the analysis of the grapevine previously
begun and suspended in order to measure some berries as an example.
Change the type of source
This menu allows to change the type of source used for the acquisition of the data.
In fact a cycle has been begun using images from a scanner, it can be necessary to
use, as an example, images obtained with a digital camera. In order to do this it is
necessary to indicate the software the different source of the images as these must
be dealt differently.
Measurement of the bunches of another variety
This menu begins a new cycle of measurements of the bunches. When a new cycle
of measurement is begun, whatever object is concerned, the software asks the
operator if he wishes to record the data of the temporary tables, in case there are
present. It is therefore opened a window for the acquisition of the information of
identification of the grapevine (cfr. fig. 1.2).
Go on with the measurement of the bunches
This menu allows to resume the cycle of measurement of the bunches already
begun. The data are therefore added continuing the analysis of the grapevine
previously begun.
Measurement of the berries of another variety
This menu begins a new cycle of measurements of the berries. When a new cycle
of measurement is begun, whatever object is concerned, the software asks the
operator if he wishes to record the data of the temporary tables, in case there are
present. It is therefore opened a window for the acquisition of the information of
identification of the grapevine.
Go on with the measurement of the berries
This menu allows to resume the cycle of measurement of the berries already begun.
begun.
11
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Measurement of the seeds of the another variety

This menu begins a new cycle of measurements of the seeds. When a new cycle of
measurement is begun, whatever object is concerned, the software asks the
operator if he wishes to record the present data in the temporary tables, in case
there are present. It is therefore opened a window for the acquisition of the
information of identification of the grapevine.
Go on with the measurement of the seeds
This menu allows to resume the cycle of measurement of the seeds already begun.
begun.
Selected source Twain
This menu allows to select among the various Twain sources available on the
system that of the scanner, if it is desired to directly acquire the images from this
peripheral one instead of loading the image file.
Fig. 1.3 Sources twain
Exit
This menu allows to go out of the SuperAmpelo software. We remember that
going out of the software does not involve the loss of the data of the temporary
tables, therefore it is not necessary to close the cycles of measurement begun.
Change data
From this menu it is possible to operate same corrections on the already acquired
data. In particular it is possible to return to correct the coordinates of one or more
points of the leaves. But this operation demands the maximum attention because et
the end of the acquisition of the new co-ordinate all the ampelography codes and
the biometric measures are calculated. A mistake in this phase compromises all the
values of that leaf.
It is also possible to correct or to complete the ampelography codes of visual type
of a leaf already read, even if previously in phase of reading it was chosen not to
insert them.
12
S T R U C T U R E
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These operations of correction are possible only on the leaves in phase of analysis,
that are in the temporary tables. Once archived it is possible to correct or to
complete only the visual codes1.
Selecting this control the software presents a window with the list of the files image
of the leaves already read so that the operator shows which he must be corrected.
The window presents a drop-down control with the progressive number of the leaf
and the name of the file-image used for the reading of the points.
It is not possible to correct the leaves acquired by means a tablet as they cannot be
placed exactly in the same position. These therefore will not appear in the list.
Selecting the leaf to correct the software asks you to load the file image by opening
the form files. The image is loaded with zoom settings used when the selection
of points. This profile is drawn indicating the individual points of the leaf with
their name in order to allow the operator to quickly identify anomalies and point to
correct.
Fig. 1.4 Window to correct the coordinates of points
It is possible to resize the window to make wider the control that displays the
image of the profile of the leaf holding the left mouse button on the lower right
corner and dragging or selecting the Zoom control.
1 They correction or the insertion of the coordinates of new points are however saved the necessary
information for possible. Because this can be possible is but necessary to use like acquisition source data
the images obtained with scanner or camera types them, and these will go conserved in the archives for
being able to be resumed to the aim to measure the new points. This will allow in future to add new
points without having to measure all again the leaves (with therefore a remarkable saving of time). For
this it is advised to create the archives of the used images using like name the code of identification of
grapevine and the progressive number of leaf (ex. AS1034-01.JPG). In this way he will be simpler to
recover the image of a leaf. The software save in the table Points the name of the files used image,
simplifying therefore the recovery of the image to use for the new calculations.
13
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Under the list of file names corrected image appears pulsed Draw profile of the leaf if
the image has an indexed pixel format. In this case, when you scroll the image to
see details of the design of the profile may disappear. To restore it you must use the
push-button Draw profile of the leaf.
Next image shows the list of points with their coordinates in order of insertion. To
correct an item on this list and select it and press the Correct push-button. If you
notice that the image points are correct, press the Close push-button closes the
window without performing other operations.
Pressing the Correct push-button the mouse pointer takes the form of a cross to
allow greater precision in selecting the correct point. Selected image point is
updated to correct the design of the profile and the list of points with their
coordinates.
You can correct most points by pressing the Correct push-button and repeating the
selection of each item. After correction of the coordinates, press the Calculate
push-button because the program runs again calculating angles, distances and
codes ampelographic using the correct coordinates. If you press the Calculate
push-button coordinates are correct, but are not updated codes and ampelographic
ampelometrici.
The Clear push-button lets you delete the image profile design of the image of the
leaf.
If the teeth have not been measured during the measurement cycle or if we have
become aware that there has been an error, it is possible to repeat their
measurement. Selecting this control a window showing the list of the image file of
the leaves already read is shows because the operator may indicate which one must
be corrected. The window presents a drop-down control with the progressive
number of the leaf and the name of the file-image used for the reading of the
points. If an image is already shows it is asked if it is that of the leaf to be corrected,
otherwise it is open the window with the list of the file-image already read.
It is not possible to correct the leaves acquired by means of a tablet as they cannot
be placed exactly in the same position. These therefore will not appear in the list.
Fig. 1.5 Window selection leaf for the correction of the measurements of the teeth
After having selected the leaf to correct, and pressed the push-button OK, the
software opens the window for the loading of the image (cfr. fig. 2.7). The name of
the file is already indicated so as to avoid possible errors and when the image is
loaded the same zoom used in the moment of the measurement is set out.
14
S T R U C T U R E
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On the image the are two blue dotted lines that indicate the piece of leaf margin
along which the teeth must be measured (these segments have a pure function to
facilitate) is drawn. To the left of the image the point to select is indicated by means
of a schematic drawing of a tooth (cfr. fig 1.8). In order to measure the base and
height of the teeth it is necessary to select for each tooth: the first base point of the
tooth, the apex and the second base point.
For the calculation of the height and the medium base of the teeth the smallest
ones are not normally taken in to consideration.
Fig. 1.6 Correction measurement teeth
The measurement begins on the right side of the leaf. When a point is selected on
the left side the software realizes that the measurement of the teeth of the right side
of the leaf has been finished and informs that the teeth of the left side are
beginning be measured.
In order to conclude the measurement it is enough to select again a point on the
right side of the leaf. The software thus counts the teeth measured on both sides
and calculates the is height and base.
Pressing the right push-button of the mouse the last selection made can be
cancelled and then repeated.
15
S T R U C T U R E
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While codes OIV and GenRes081 of biometric type are calculated every time that
the coordinates of a point are modified, those of visual type need an intervention
of the operator.
Selecting this menu it is show a window with a drop-down control for every code
OIV and GenRes081 from which it is possible to select the correct value.
Fig. 1.7 Window correction codes ampelography of visual type
In order to move from a leaf to the other, indicated from the progression number
that appears between the movement push-buttons, it is necessary to operate on the
push-buttons that allow to carry themselves respective: to the first analyzed leaf, the
precedence, the successive one, the last one. The regarded codes not deductible
aspects from the image used for the measurement are brought back in colour
different (blue dark) so as to allow the operator, if it on hand does not have a leaf
for their observation, to jump them quickly.
Pressing the push-button Suggest, that code OIV067 is found that is near the
drop-down control to regarding (the shape of the leaf), the software analyzes the
measures of the leaf in order to determine of the shape. They are used three
methods of calculation whose turned out they is shows in the following window
(cfr. fig. 1.10). The necessary time for the analysis of the data depends beyond from
the characteristics of the computer, from the number of present data in the table of
the coordinates that is used in order to confront the data of the leaf under
investigation.
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The classification with mixed shapes previews twelve possible shapes: Cordate;
Wedge-shaped/Cordate;
Pentagonal/Cordate;
Wedge-shaped;
Wedgeshaped/Pentagonal;
Wedge-shaped/Circular;
Pentagonal;
Circular;
Circular/Kidney-shaped;
Kidney-shaped;
Pentagonal/
Kidney-shaped;
Pentagonal/Circular. The classification second the main shapes and the
classification based on the archives coordinates use instead the five forms proposed
from the codes OIV and GenRes081. The operator based on the indications the
shape supplied from the software can indicate in the drop-down control Chosen
shape that thinks corrected, or to make to insert one of those suggested from the
software being selected the case that the thought voice places side by side
corrected.
Since classification OIV previews alone five shapes, in case selections the voice
proposed from the classification to mixed forms and this does not suggest a main
shape, in the case Chosen shape will not appear some value.
Fig. 1.8 Window Shapes leaf
Once that the shape of the leaf has been chosen, if one desires, pressing on the
push-button Add the coordinates of this leaf to the archives will are added the data of
this leaf to the archives used from the software for the location of the shape of the
leaf. It will be necessary therefore to insert only those leaves of which it is sure of
the shape. In this way the software will acquire more and more information in
order to characterize the shape of the leaves.
Near every code a push-button in order to show the page of the manual of
corresponding ampelography is available.
Every time that is moved to us from a leaf to the other, or that the window is
closed, the corrections are saved.
For to accelerate the compilation of the codes the push-button is possible to load
the inserted data for the leaf precedence being pressed Data leaf previous. In this
way he will be sufficient to modify those characters who differ.
Reorders progression leaves
This control allows to reorder the numeration of the leaves read after the
cancellation of one of these For the corrected operation of the software is not
necessary to execute this control after the elimination of the data of a leaf already
read.
Before the reorders, the software performs a series of checks on data consistency
and in case of errors try to solve them. If you experience repeated errors in the data
presented one can try to resolve the problem by running this command.
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Data analysis
From this menu it is approached the result of the reading of the various objects.
For the leaves it is possible or to approach the calculate values of the single leaves
that to the average of all the leaves read till that moment. These data can be shows
or printed.
Ampelometry of every leaf
Selecting this control it is introduced a window that collects all the calculate data for
every single leaf. Given to the amount of information the window it has been
structured to folder that they collect the data in: Distances, Angles, Ratio, Codes
OIV, Codes GenRes, Synthetic data, Info source. Moreover it is introduced the
profile of every leaf.
sufficient to press with the mouse on the heading of the folder that is desired to
show. When the folder is selected Distances, to the place of the profile of the leaf it
is shows the outline of a leaf that filler the used references in order to indicate the
brought back measures. Selecting instead that of the Angles it is shows the outline
of a leaf that filler the names of the calculate angles.
Fig. 1.9 Window Ampelometric analysis of single leaves
The distances or lengths are indicated through the extreme points. As an example
the length of the ribbings is indicated the point to petiole and from the extremity of
every ribbing (ON1, ON2 etc). The data are introduced under table form, that it
can be made to slide by means of the bars of vertical and horizontal sliding. It is
possible to order in increasing and decreasing way the data based on any column
pressing with the mouse on the heading of the column that is desired to use like
ordering criterion. With first click the column it assumes an increasing ordering, to
the second a decreasing ordering.
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The columns that bring back codes OIV and GenRes (or of visual type that
biometric) they introduce for every field or the numerical value that the level of
expression, in order to facilitate their reading from the operator.
Since folder the Distances and Angles bring back the values are for the left side that
for that right of the leaf, the folder Synthetic data introduces more of the
parameters imported the average of two sides of the leaf and an esteem of the
surface2.
In order to pass from the visualization of the profile of a leaf to the other it is
necessary to act on the movement push-buttons that find to the base of this the
number of progression of the shows leaf appear among the movement pushbuttons.
The below push-buttons to the folder allow to return to the image of the profile of
the leaf after the visualization of the outlines Distances and Angles (Restores
image); to show the profile of all the leaves overlapping them (Drawings to profile of
all the leaves); to save the image of the profile of the shows leaf3 ( ); to cancel the
data of a leaf (Cancels the data of the leaf). The push-buttons below the profile of
the leaf allows you to enlarge ( ), make it smaller ( ) and return to the initial size
( ), and save the image displayed4 ( ).
In order to cancel all the data of a leaf (coordinates head, biometrics measures and
visual codes) are necessary to select from one of folder the line (record) of the leaf
to cancel and therefore to press the push-button Cancels the data of the leaf. The
software before proceeding to the elimination of these, asks confirmation the
operator indicating the progressive number for the leaf that has been selected for
the elimination.
From the drop-down control Plant it can be chosen if to show the data of the
leaves of a single plant of the parcel. Al moment of the opening of the windows is
shown all (the value A of the drop-down control indicates All). Selecting an other
value they will are updated the tables.
Ampelometry of the leaves series
Selecting this control it is introduced a window that collects all the calculated
medium data on the leaves read till that moment. Given to the amount of
information the window it has been structured to folder that they collect the data
in: Distances, Angles, Ratio, Codes OIV, Codes GenRes, Synthetic data. Moreover it
is introduced the profile standard of the leaf obtained by means of the calculation
of the medium coordinates.
This is calculated based on the selected points and therefore he will slightly turn out inferior to that real
one, not being able to take in consideration the surface of the single teeth. Draft however of a good
approximation.
3 If it has been made to drawing to the profile of all the overlapping leaves pressing this push-button it is
saved the image of the overlapping leaves.
4
If you did draw the profile of all layered pressing this button saves the image of overlapping leaves.
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For every biometric parameter it is introduced the medium value and the standard
deviation. For codes OIV and GenRes of visual type is presented the more
frequent value (mode statistics), while for those of biometric type they are
calculated based on the medium values of the measures to which they make
reference.
Fig. 1.10 Window Ampelometry analysis of the leaves series
Like for the single leaves, in order to move itself from a folder to the other it is
necessary to press with the mouse on the heading from the folder that is desired to
show. When the folder is selected Distances, to the place of the profile standard of
the leaf it is shows the outline of a leaf that filler the used references in order to
indicate the brought back measures. Selecting instead that of the Angles it is shows
the outline of a leaf that filler the names of the calculate angles.
The below push-buttons to the folder allow to return to the image of the profile
standard of the leaf after the visualization of the outlines distances and angles
(Restore standard leaf); to save the image of the profile standard of the leaf ( ),
enlarge ( ), make it smaller ( ) and return to the initial size ( ).
From the drop-down control Plant it can be chosen if to show the medium values
of the leaves of a single plant of the parcel. Al moment of the opening of the
windows is shown the averages of all (the value A of the drop-down control
indicates All). Selecting an other value they will are calculated the averages of the
leaves pertaining to the indicated plant.
Similarity analysis
Selecting this control it is executed a deepened analysis of the acquired measures in
order to evidence the presence of possible anomalous leaves for asymmetry or
morphology. A window that collects a series of information analytics that the
operator can consult and estimate personally, and a Report analysis that interprets
them in way automatic rifle.
Types of analysis are various acts on a set of 30 variable biometric that describe the
leaf. For homogeneity with the system of search of the variety with morphology of
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the more similar leaf (cfr. the controls on the archives) use the same variable
biometric, and in particular those which describe the inner structure of the leaf, and
those which they describe the leaf margin.
It is calculated
Coefficient of variation medium and the single variable ones
Indices of similarity of the single leaves regarding the medium leaf
Indices of similarity among the single leaves
Indices of asymmetry of the single leaves
Relations of similarity among the single leaves
Indices of similarity among the morphologic groups
Relations of similarity among the morphologic groups
Drawing of the profile of the various leaves
Diagram of dispersion (scatterplot)
Coefficient of variation medium and the single variable ones
The coefficient of variation (= /) inside offers an indication of the amplitude of

the variability of the group of leaves. The coefficient of variation medium is
obtained calculating the average of the single coefficients of variation of the
variable ones.
The table with the single coefficients of variation of the variable ones allows to
evidence the more unstable aspects.
This parameter offers a general indication on with of the champion. A value too
much elevated is index of insufficient representativeness of the single averages of
the variable ones and the medium leaf in general terms. To pure indicative scope
we can say that a advanced value to 15% must suspicious the operator.
An excessive wide variability can be caused from various factors; the anomalous
leaf or presence more, but also an elevated instability of all the champion of leaves.
The other indices can help the operator to estimate the meaning of this indication.
Indices of similarity regarding the medium leaf
The index of similarity regarding the medium leaf of every single leaf (Sim) is
obtained calculating for every variable biometric (Var) the difference from the
medium value of this and dividend for the same one, so as to obtain of a value
percentage. The medium value of the differences of the variable biometric of the
leaf is estimated therefore.
=
i=1
) /
((Vari Var) / Var)
This index () represents the distance of the single leaf from the medium leaf.
The distance is transformed therefore in similarity subtracting to 1 (1 = 100% =>
full identity) the distance index.
Sim = 1 -
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Fig. 1.11 Window Analysis similarity
Indices of asymmetry of the single leaves
The index of asymmetry of the single leaves is obtained calculating for a series of
variable biometric the difference among the value of the side left of the leaf (Var)
compared to the right side (Var). This difference is uniform for the medium value
(Var) of variable the same one, so as to render it a percentage. The medium value
of the differences of the variable biometric of leaf i is estimated therefore.
i =
l=1
) /
((Vari Varl) / Vari)
The variable biometric ones considered are:

angle: , , , , ,
segment: ON2, ON3, ON4, OS, OI
They have not been ones considered the variable biometric bound to the sinus
petiole and to its lobes as often overlaps are had due to the crushing of the leaf on
the tablet or the scanner. The same one is worth for the lateral breasts. Of these the
depth has been ones considered only, that he is stable.
Indices of similarity among the single leaves
It is constructed a matrix of similarity among the single leaves of the variety. The
indices of similarity of every leaf (Simi) are under investigation obtained calculating
for every variable biometric (Var) the difference among the value of leaf i (leaf in
the cycle) compared to that one of every other leaf l of the champion. This
difference is uniform for the medium value of the variable one, so as to obtain a
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value percentage. The medium value of the differences of the variable biometric
among the leaf and the other leaves is estimated therefore.
i =
l=1
) /
((Vari Varl) / Vari)
This index (i) represents the distance of the leaf from the other leaves of the
champion. The distance is transformed therefore in similarity subtracting to 1 (1 =
100% => full identity) the distance index.
Simi = 1 - i
The cycle is repeated for all the leaves, so as to obtain the indices of similarity of
the leaf i compared to all the leaves of the champion.
A matrix to two dimensions with the indices of similarity of every leaf is obtained
thus respect the others.
To this point it is calculated a similarity index total for every leaf (SimToti) making
the average of the partial indices.
Ordering in decreasing way the similarity indices totals of the leaves the leaf can
quickly be evidenced that mainly is distanced from the others for morphology
(shape). This index has demonstrated much meaningful one in order to
characterize the anomalous leaves.
Relations of similarity among the leaves
On the base of the matrix of calculate similarity previously it is designed a diagram

(clustering) that evidences the relations of similarity among the leaves evidencing
the presence of morphologic groups.
The graph is constructed by taking into account the individual links, ie relations of
similarity higher each leaf. First of all morphological groups are identified. When
two leaves are called each other because A has the highest index of similarity to B
and B to A, these two leaves are the seed of a morphological group (early group
morphology). After identifying the seeds of groups within the sample are linked to
these other leaves. To do this, locate the nearest leaf and occurs as a group
member. Eg. C if the leaf appears to be closer to A means that belong to the group
consisting of A and B.
After distributing all the leaves in different morphological groups proceed to
connect these relationships by identifying similarities that exist between them. To
do this, find the similarity ratio of lower leaves that are different groups. The leaves
that make up each group took the ratio of similarity just below the threshold
previously identified and which leaves to occur it is directed, and from here you
find the group to which it belongs.
Indices of similarity among the morphologic groups
They are calculated the medium leaves of every morphologic group and i
(morphologic group in the cycle) compared to that one of every is constructed to a
new matrix of similarity among these the indices of similarity of every group
(SimGi) is under investigation obtained calculating for every variable biometric
(VarG) the difference among the medium value of the morphologic group other
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characterized morphologic group l previously. This difference is uniform for the

medium value of the variable one, so as to obtain a value percentage. It is estimated
therefore the medium value of the differences of the variable biometric among the
morphologic group i and the other groups.
Gi =
l=1
) /
((VarGi VarGl) / Vari)
This index (Gi) under investigation represents the distance of the morphologic
group i from the other groups characterized inside of the leaves of the variety. The
distance is transformed therefore in similarity subtracting to 1 (1 = 100% => full
identity) the distance index.
SimGi = 1 - Gi
The cycle is repeated for all the morphologic groups, so as to obtain the indices of
similarity of the group regarding all the morphologic groups i of the champion.
To this point it is calculated a similarity index total for every group (SimGToti)
making the average of the partial indices.
Ordering in decreasing way the similarity indices totals of the groups the group can
quickly be evidenced that mainly is distanced from the others.
Relations of similarity among the morphologic groups
On the base of the matrix of calculate similarity previously it is designed a diagram

(clustering) that evidences the relations of similarity among the morphologic
groups. These can be much next and therefore not to evidence the presence of
intra-variety polymorphism, or a lot distant.
Drawing of the profile of the various leaves
The drawing of the single overlapping and distinguished leaves from various
colours allows to evidence also possible anomalies visually. Legende below the
diagram allows to identify the single leaves. In black it is brought back the profile of
the medium leaf.
This last support, joined the precedence, allows the operator to estimate the
opportunity to under investigation correct the champion of leaves of the variety
eliminating or more leaves that introduce deformations or diverge excessive from
the others.
Operating on the control List profiles leaves profile it is possible to choose the
single leaves of which drawing the profile. In this way it is possible to evidence
better the profile of the leaves that have been indicated like anomalous. In order to
make this it is necessary to only select the leaves of which us it interests the profile
and to press on the push-button Update profiles.
Diagram of dispersion (scatterplot)
Using as coordinated the coefficients of similarity compared to medium leaf and

compared to other leaves is designed a diagram of dispersion that allows to have a
synthetic representation of the homogeneity of the champion. More nears will turn
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out on the diagram the single leaves, forming a group of points, more the
champion are homogenous.
Fig. 1.12 Diagram of dispersion
In the event of distinguished morphologic groups two or more groupings will be

had. While the dispersion of the points indicates an elevated differentiation among
the leaves.
Final report
The written up final report from the software tries to interpret all these data so as
to help the operator to estimate with of the champion. This report does not want
to replace the discernment of the operator, but only supply a key of interpretation
of all the data offers that are for this to its disposition.
Pressing on the push-button Report print it is possible to print the report equipped
from the list with the variable ones used with the respective coefficients of
variation; from the matrices of similarity among the single leaves with the
respective diagram of the relations; from the matrix of similarity among the
morphologic groups with the respective diagram of the relations; from the diagram
of dispersion and the overlapping profiles of the leaves.
It is moreover possible to save the various diagrams offers pressing on the
respective push-buttons.
In the event an anomalous leaf has been evidenced that alters the data of the
champion, pressing on the push-button Cancel leaf can itself be chosen to eliminate
it from the champion. The software asks to indicate number ID of the leaf to
cancel, it eliminates therefore it and it repeats all the analysis introducing the new
tables and diagrams.
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Pressing on the push-button Set analysis profile the variable ones can be chosen to
use in the analysis (cfr. fig. 1.27). It is advised to leave the formulation of default
that all use them as the system automatic rifle that generates the report has been
calibrated using these variable ones.
Bunches
Selecting this control it is introduced a window that collects all the calculated data
of the single bunches (in a table), and medium values on the bunches read till that
moment. They are introduced also relative the ampelographic codes the biometric
measures of the bunches.
Fig. 1.13 Window Analysis bunches
Berries
Selecting this control it is introduced a window that collects all the read data of the
single ones berries (in a table), and calculated medium values on the berries till that
moment. They are introduced also relative the ampelographic codes the biometric
measures of the berries.
Fig. 1.14 Window Analysis berries
Seeds
Selecting this control it is introduced a window that collects all the calculated data
of the single seeds (in a table), and medium values on the seeds read till that
moment.
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Fig. 1.15 Window seeds Analysis
Export data
This menu allows to export in various formats the present data in the temporary
tables of SuperAmpelo. They have been previewed formed text (ASCI and rtf) for
being able to insert these information in documents of text type; formats database
(XML and MS Access) and electronic sheet (MS Excel) in order to allow ulterior to
a mathematical elaboration of the data or their insertion in other archives; a format
of presentation (Adobe Acrobat .PDF) for their publication.
Points coordinates of every leaf
This control allows to export the coordinates of the points of every read leaf. These
are expressed in millimetre and calculated again from the software operating a
standardization that of it allows the comparison. The coordinates are referenced
the point to petiole, that it becomes the centre of a Cartesian plan to four
quadrants, and are operated a spin that allows to have all the leaves perfectly
aligned based on the axis that passes among the point to petiole (O) and the
extremity of the main vein (N1).
The points are shown in insertion order.
When the type of format is chosen in which exporting the data the software opens
a window for the creation of the file. In the event of file MS Access it is possible to
select of an existing in which they are added the data. If in these file it is not holds
the table Coordinated, this is created, otherwise the data is add in the existing table.
For the other types of formats it is not possible to add the data, and therefore if it
selects file existing, this is overwrite. The software however asks confirmation
before replacing the file.
In you formed database (XML and MS Access) for every point are present two
columns, one for the abscissas and one for the formers.
When it is exported in format ASCI the table of the character set used is that of the
present operating system on the machine. This can create of the problems
(appeared of accented characters in more) on operating systems that use different
character set.
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Values calculated of every leaf

This control allows to export all those values introduced in the windows of the
menu Data analysis - Ampelometry of every leaf.
select of an existing in which they are added the data. If in these file the tables are
not present Values, Codes OIV and Codes GenRes, these are created, otherwise
the data are add in the existing tables.
character set.
In the MS Excel format the data are distributed on different sheets (Information;
Distances; Angles; Ratio; Codes ampelographics5) in order to facilitate possible
reworks of statistical type.
In the Formats of text, comprised pdf, the data they are collected in groups in
order to facilitate of the consultation: Distances; Angles; Ratio; Codes OIV and
Codes GenRes.
Average of the values calculated on the series
This control allows to export all those values introduced in the windows of the
menu Data analysis - Ampelometry of leaves series.
select of an existing in which they are added the data. If in these file the tables are
not present Values, Codes OIV and Codes GenRes, these are created, otherwise
the data are add in the existing tables.
character set.
These are expressed alone in numerical format.
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In the MS Excel format the data are distributed on different sheets (Information;
Distances; Angles; Ratio; Codes ampelographics6) in order to facilitate possible
reworks of statistical type.
In the Formats of text, comprised pdf, the data they are collected in groups in
order to facilitate of the consultation: Distances; Angles; Ratio; Codes OIV and
Codes GenRes.
Standard leaf Image
This control allows to save the image of the profile standard of the leaf obtained by
means of the calculation of the medium coordinates. On the background a grill
appears whose lines correspond to a distance of 10 millimetre This allow to
magnify the image without to lose a reference the real dimensions of the leaf.
This image can be saved in the following formats: JPG; BMP; TIF; EMF. The
advised format is EMF as be a matter itself of a metafile of vectorial diagram it
allows to magnify the image without to lose in definition, besides to maintain
dimensions contained.
Bunches measures
This control allows to export the measures of every single bunch and the average
of these, besides the biometric ampelographics codes. All the formats previewed
for the leaves are available.
Berries measures
This control allows to export the measures of every single one berry and the
average of these, besides the biometric ampelographics codes. All the formats
previewed for the leaves are available.
Seeds measures
This control allows to export the measures of every single one seed and of the
average of these all the formats previewed for the leaves Are available.
Show the archives

This menu allows to approach the data archives from SuperAmpelo for their
consultation and export. These controls activate themselves alone if they are
present data in the archives of software.
Leaves coordinates all the leaves of a cycle of reading
This control allows to show the coordinates of all the leaves analyzed in a cycle of
measurements. The window that is opened introduces a drop-down control with
the list of the grapevine analyzed and archives. The name of the grapevine is
preceded from the progressive number of analysis.
These are expressed alone in numerical format.
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In order to facilitate the search the names of the grapevine, inside of the dropdown control, can be organize for number of recording or name, selecting the
correspondent option in box Order by.
Once that the grapevine has been selected of which they are desired to show the
coordinates of the points of the leaves, the software shows the profile of the first
leaf and the table with all the coordinates of the read leaves. In order to make to
slide the data of the table it is necessary to act on the bars of vertical and horizontal
sliding. In order to show the profile of the other leaves it is necessary to act on the
movement push-buttons that are found under the image. The number shows
among these is that one of progression of the leaf (that it corresponds to field ID
of the table).
Fig. 1.16 Window the Archives coordinates
Every column can be used like criterion of ordering of the data pressing with
mouse on the heading of the column chosen like criterion. First click will are
applied a criterion of increasing ordering, the second of decreasing type.
Every column introduces the coordinates of a point (former and abscissa)
expressed in millimetre As it can be noticed from the drawing of the leaf, the origin
of the aces of the Cartesian plan is placed in the point to petiole (indicated from the
letter O). This inner reference the leaf allows to from each other confront the
coordinates of the various measured leaves.
Through the control Plant the presentation of the coordinates of the sun can be
leaked leaves captured from a plant. Once selected the number of the plant the
software updates the table.
The below push-buttons the table allow to show the scheme of the leaf bringing
back the name of the various points (Scheme); to save the image of the profile of
the shows leaf ( ) and to restore the image of the profile of the leaf (Restores
standard leaf).
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Single leaves all the leaves of a cycle of reading

This control allows to show the measures of all the leaves analyzed in a cycle of
measurements. The window that is opened introduces a drop-down control with
the list of the analyzed and archiviati grapevine. The name of the grapevine is
Once that the software has been selected grapevine of which they are desired to
show the measures shows the profile of the first leaf and the folders with the tables
with the distances, angles, ratio, codes OIV, codes GenRes, synthetic data and the
references the file image used in the measurement (Info source). In order to pass
from a folder the other it is necessary to press with the mouse on the heading of
the folder to show. When it is opened the folder Distances is introduced the
scheme of a leaf with the indications of the points to which they make reference
the distances. When it is opened the folder Angles is introduced the scheme of a
leaf with the indication of the angles.
Fig. 1.17 Window the Archives single leaves
In order to make to slide the data of the tables it is necessary to act on the bars of
sliding vertical and horizontal. In order to show the profile of the other leaves it is
necessary to act on the movement push-buttons that are found under the image.
The number shows among these is that one of progression of the leaf (that it
corresponds to field ID of the table).
Every column of the tables can be used like criterion of ordering of the data
pressing with mouse on the heading of the column chosen like criterion. First click
will are applied a criterion of increasing ordering, the second of decreasing type.
Through the control Plant the presentation of the measures of the sun can be
leaked leaves captured from a plant. Once selected the number of the plant the
software updates the tables.
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The below push-buttons the table allow to show the profile of all the analyzed
leaves overlapping them (Drawing to profile of all the leaves); to save all the data
introduced from this window in various formats (Exports data); to save the image
of the profile of the shows leaf ( ), to restore the image of the profile of the leaf
(Restores image) and to print the data (Print). The push-button Change visual codes
allows to correct or to complete the ampelographics codes of visual type of the
leaves already archiviate. Pressing this push-button it is opened the window for the
correction of the visual codes (cfr. fig. 1.9) that it already introduces the inserted
data. At the close of the window they are calculated again the values medium and
updated the tables of the codes OIV and GenRes.
Leaves average summary of a cycle of reading
This control allows to show the medium measures of the leaves analyzed in a cycle
of measurements. The window that is opened introduces a drop-down control
with the list of the analyzed and archiviati grapevine. The name of the grapevine is
Fig. 1.18 Window Archives medium leaves
Once that the grapevine has been selected of which they are desired to show the
measures the software it shows the profile standard of the leaf and the folders with
the distances, angles, ratio, codes OIV, codes GenRes and synthetic data. Every
average is accompanied from the standard deviation, in order to put in evidence the
degree of variability of the value.
In order to pass from a folder the other it is necessary to press with the mouse on
the heading of the folder to show. When it is opened the folder Distances is
introduced the scheme of a leaf with the indications of the points to which they
make reference the distances. When it is opened the folder Angles is introduced the
sxheme of a leaf with the indication of the angles.
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The number in the control is possible to calculate the medium values of the leaves
captured from a single plant of the parcel selecting some Plant. Once selected the
number of the plant the software updates the table.
The below push-buttons the folders allow to restore the image of the profile of the
leaf after that it has been shows the image of the outline of the leaf (Restores leaf
standard); to save the image of the profile standard of the leaf ( ) to save all the
data introduced from this window in various formats (Exports data), to print the
data (Print).
Data for register the national catalogue7
This control introduces necessary the regarding data the adult leaf for the
compilation of the card of registration the national catalogue of a grapevine.
Fig. 1.19 Data for the recording the national catalogue
After to have selected the name of the grapevine present in the archives they are
introduced the parameters demands for the recording.
Regarding the other cards of visualization they are used different units of measure
for some ampelometrics measures. The product length x width is expressed in cm2,
mind the angles is expressed in radiating.
The ampelographics codes make reference the previewed levels of expression from
the plan GenRes081 (2001) with the exception of codes 065 and 078, that they
make reference to OIV 1983.
Similarity analysis the leaves of a cycle of reading
This control allows to analyze the measures of the leaves of a variety in order to
evidence the possible presence of anomalous leaves or polymorphism. The system
of analysis has been introduced previously as it is the same one for the leaves in
phase of measurement.
7 This function has been addition in order to second allow the recording to the national catalogue of a
grapevine enforced norm in Italy.
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We send back the explanation of the system adopted the control Analysis similarity
of the menu Data analysis, introduced previously.
Fig. 1.20 Window Analysis similarity leaves of a variety
The only difference of the window is the presence of a control for the selection of
the variety to analyze, which show the list of the variety in the archives.
Compare variety
This control allows to confront the medium data of the leaves of two variety in
order to evidence of the similarity. Through two drop-down control are selected to
confront the two variety, whose data they are show second the scheme used in the
windows of ampelographic analysis previously illustrated.
In order to evidence those parameters whose interval of values of the two variety is
overlapped, the name of the parameter assumes the blue colour. Precise
information and analytics can be had by means of the print of the report (pushbutton Print report), in which for every parameter they are introduced the average,
the standard deviation and the coefficient of scattering or variation. Moreover they
are evidenced through colourful circles the parameters that show an overlap of
values also the percentage of overlap of the two range of excursion (cfr. fig. 1.24).
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Fig. 1.21 Window Compare variety
The print of the report complete therefore the information show to screen in the
window, where it has given to more space the distinction of the side left and right
of the leaf. The drawing of the profiles overlapping standards of the two variety
complete the comparison evidencing the differences long the margin leaf.
Fig. 1.22 Print report comparison among variety
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Search variety with similar shape of leaf

This control allows to search the variety that have the shape (morphology) of the
leaf more similar to a selected variety. The comparison is made on the present data
in a table elaborating information of the archiviate leaves.
Since the necessary calculations the preparation of these data can demand some
minutes (the necessary time are legacy the performances of the computer and the
number of variety), the update of this table happen upon request of the operator.
When it is selected this control the software asks if to update the database of used
analysis. This operation is necessary only when they have been added the archives
new measurements. If it not are updated the database of analysis after the insertion
in the archives of the data of new variety, these would not are taken in
consideration during the search of the more similar variety.
They will not are taken in consideration those variety whose medium values have
been calculated on an inferior number of leaves to 4. This because the averages and
the standard deviations would turn out little significant and too much variable.
There are two systems of data analysis that have converged but not identical. The
masks and the type of information provided are identical.
System of overlapping intervals
The first is based on the overlap of the ranges the average x times the standard
deviation.
A
more
detailed
presentation
is
available
at
www.pomologia.it/SuperAmpelo/Documento.aspx
Fig. 1.23 Window Search variety of similar shape
Once selected from the list the variety of which it is desired to search the similar
variety, can be set up the search criteria. This can be carried out taking in
consideration singularly or three groups of variable regarding the not visual
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ampelographics codes, the leaf margin, the inner structure (veining) of the leaf.
Moreover it is possible to attribute the variable biometric of the specific weights
different so as to calibrate the search.
For every variable biometry it is possible to set up a factor (specific weight of the
variable) that it increases or it diminishes the incidence of variable the same one in
the determination of the index of identification general. In order to show or to
modify these factors of balance it is necessary to press on the push-button Set
analysis profile.
Fig. 1.24 Window Balance analysis profiles
The analysis profile is a set of settings that allow to modulate the search and the
analysis of the data. It is offered to a profile standard based on a series of executed
tests, whose values can however be modified from the operator. It is but possible
to create a series of personalized profiles to choose of time in time.
From the window Balance analysis profiles it is possible to choose which variable
biometric to use and which weight to give in the calculation of the index of
similarity of every group of analysis. The specific weights can have a value
comprised among 0 and 300%. The index of each parameter is adjusted according
to this factor that reduces the influence or the increase. It is moreover possible to
set up the amplitude of the interval of values of the variable biometric data from
+/- sliding indicator that is under the design of the Gaussian bell. The interval
can be adjusted asymmetrically.
More personalized profiles can be created that than time in time can be used the
aim to find the calibration of the system that offers the best ones turned out.
Regarding the analysis of the ampelographics codes can be chosen the value to
attribute the next codes, that is those which have a value immediately successive
precedence or to that one of the variety under investigation. In setting up this value
is necessary to keep in mind that those identical ones receive an equal value to 1.
It is possible to activate and to set up a value for the Filter dimensions. In this case
draft of a real filter that excludes the leaves that they introduce a variation of the
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dimension of ON1 in comparison the variety under investigation greater the set up
value. This limit of variation of dimension is expressed in percentage so as to be
more flexible.
The profile comprises also the formulation of the number of variety of more
similar morphology to introduce like result of the search.
Once set up these data, pressing on the push-button Search the software analyze
the database and list the variety that introduce an index of similarity more elevated
the threshold always Balance window profiles analysis. The control Result show in
descending order the index of similarity, the name and the code of identification of
the variety.
A chart shows the performance indices of similarity of varieties in the database
than the reference varieties. Analyzing this trend there are two thresholds, a high
similarity (indicated by an orange line on the graph) and one probable identity
(indicated with a red line in graph). The purpose of these thresholds is to provide
references for assessing the possible identity of varieties. The system for calculating
these thresholds is still undergoing testing and is based on linear regression of the
indices.
This chart can be saved using the push-button
The Print push-button allows you to print the result list of the variety with the
respective index of similarity. This list can also be exported in different formats by
pressing the Export result.
Selecting the nominative of one of these listed variety are drawn profiles
overlapping standards of the two varieties (varieties of reference and selected
varieties) and updated a series of general information regarding the calculation of
similarity: similarity index based solely codes ampelographic; index of similarity
based on biometric variables on the leaf margin; index of similarity based on
biometric variables concerning the internal structure of the leaf (ribs). In addition, a
pie chart lets you see the impact of different groups of variables in determining the
overall similarity index.
Press the Print Report push-button you can get information on individual biometric
variables considered. This makes it possible to have more precise information on
the points of contact and divergence between the two varieties.
System of Gaussian curves
The second method is based on normal distribution or bell curve. In this case the
probability is calculated that the average value of the reference varieties belong to
the variety compared and vice versa.
The window and type of results provided are similar to the previous method.
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Similarity analysis the group of varieties

This command allows to study the relationships of similarity the group of varieties
selected from those present in the archive. To build the similarity matrix using the
two methods of detection of varieties with leaf shape more similar. The mask is
identical for both systems, which will be presented once.
Before you open the window the program asks whether to update the database
with data pre-calculated. If there were no new filings or amendments can not
upgrade immediately to go to the form of analysis of the similarity of a group of
varieties.
Fig. 1.25 Window Similarity analysis the group of varieties
This shows the list of varieties in the database in alphabetical order. To select the
varieties you must click the mouse on the box preceding the name. After selecting
the varieties to be compared by pressing the Analyze push-button starts the
program to build the similarity matrix. Depending on the type of system chosen
will change the method of calculation.
After submission of the similarity matrix and dendrogram constructed with its
hierarchical relationships such as similarity analysis of the leaves of a variety.
Retrospective calculations
This command allows you to calculate all the leaves already measured or a group of
these angles and distances with reference to the selected points, how to perform
mathematical operations on values ampelometrici already calculated by the
software. This makes it possible to study parameters fillometric not covered by the
software. To repeat a sequence of calculations on the leaves that will be measured
in future can be saved in macro commands executed.
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Fig. 1.26 Window Retrospective calculations
The first step is to select the file MS Access that will store the results of the
calculations. You can select an existing file or specify the file name to create.
Should then indicate the name of the table that include the results of the
calculations. If you selected an existing file will be presented the list of tables in MS
Access file, otherwise it will set the table name to create. Each macro refers to a
single table. If you want to store the parameters calculated in different tables need
to create more macros, one for each table.
At this point you can begin to set the commands to execute. The first information
request is the type of command: angle, distance, formula.
The command angle to calculate an angle defined by three points p1 opening angle,
p2 vertex, p3 closing angle. When you select the entry angle is activated, the list of
selected points the measurement phase of the leaves. Double-clicking with the
mouse on the name of a point is an indication px replaced with the name of the
item. This will speed up the write commands to run by reducing the risk of syntax
errors. Below the area where the command appears in the program are given
guidance on the sequence of operations required. To add a command to the macro
and can be performed should be given a name parameter to be calculated. This will
also be the field name will be included in the table where the results of the macro.
The command distance to calculate the distance between two points p1 beginning
segment, p2 end segment. Double-clicking with the mouse on the name of a
command is inserted into the name of the item. This will speed up the write
commands to run by reducing the risk of syntax errors. Below the area where the
command appears in the program are given guidance on the sequence of
operations required. To add a command to the macro and can be performed
should be given a name parameter to be calculated. This will also be the field name
will be included in the table where the results of the macro.
The command formula can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division between one or more ampelometric parameters calculated SuperAmpelo
or one of them. Double-clicking with the mouse on the name of a ampelometric
parameter is inserted into the command line the parameter name. Other pushbuttons allow you to insert symbols necessary operations and parentheses. In
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carrying out the command to respect the hierarchy arithmetic formula. However,
you can write directly the names of parameters and operations to be performed
without using the push-buttons that are designed to reduce the risk of typing
errors.
After writing a command that is added to the macro to run. It is not necessary to
save the macro to run but if this is not saved with the closure of the mask will lose
the sequence of commands.
When commands are added to the macro syntax is checked by the software and if
not are given an error message.
Once you have added all the commands that you want you may want to save the
macro by pressing the Save macros. I will thus be possible to rerun the series of
commands on other varieties or add other commands without having to re-enter
those already written.
To perform the sequence of commands, press the push-button Run Macro. The
time required depends on the number of varieties involved and the number of
commands to execute.
You can load a previously created and saved macros to run or to add other
commands. To load a previously created macro, press the push-button Upload
macros. The macro contains just the sequence of commands and directions of your
MS Access to store data, so you should always indicate the file to store the results.
After loading the macro to run, press the push-button Run macros.
After loading and created a macro to create a new macro, press the push-button
New macros. This will empty the table with the commands to execute.
To view the results of the macro should open the file MS Access in which they
were stored.
If you run multiple macro storing data in the same table will be added all the fields
command macros. If you run the same macro on the same variety will update the
data. If you run the same macro on different varieties will be added to the table the
results relate to the new varieties without erasing the previous data.
Bunches summary and single values of a cycle of reading
This control allows to show the measures of the single bunches analyzed in a cycle
of measurements, and their averages. The window that is opened introduces a
drop-down control with the list of the analyzed and archiviati grapevine. The name
of the grapevine is preceded from the progressive number of analysis.
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Fig. 1.27 Window Archives bunches
Once that the grapevine has been selected the software shows in a table the
measures of the single bunches. If the table exceeds the dimensions of the control
they activate the sliding bars in order to allow the operator to make to slide all the
data. Beside the table they are introduced the medium values, and relative the
ampelographcs codes.
Berries summary and single values of a cycle of reading
This control allows to show the analyzed measures of the single ones berries in a
cycle of measurements, and their averages. The window that is opened introduces a
Fig. 1.28 Window Archives berries
measures of the single ones berries. If the table exceeds the dimensions of the
control they activate the sliding bars in order to allow the operator to make to slide
all the data. Beside the table they are introduced the medium values, and relative
the ampelographics codes.
Seeds summary and single values of a cycle of reading
This control allows to show the analyzed measures of the single ones seeds in a
cycle of measurements, and their averages. The window that is opened introduces a
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Fig. 1.29 Window Archives seeds
measures of the single ones seeds. If the table exceeds the dimensions of the
control they activate the sliding bars in order to allow the operator to make to slide
all the data.
Change data archive

This menu allows to modify or to complete data regarding already archiviate
variety. These controls activate themselves alone if they are present data in the
archives of software.
This control allows to modify the coordinates of or more points than a measured
leaf beginning from an image. For being able to complete this type of operation it
is on hand necessary to have the image used for the first measurement of the leaf
to correct.
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Fig. 1.30 Window correction coordinate points
The window that is opened introduces a drop-down control with the list of the
grapevines analyzed and archiviati. The name of the grapevine is preceded from the
progressive number of analysis. It is possible to order the list based on the name or
the number of analysis selecting the corresponding voices in box Order by.
When a grapevine is selected is introduced in the control List leaves correctable the
list of the measured leaves using an image, with the name of relative the file used
image. Selecting the leaf of which it is desired to correct or to verify the coordinates
of the points the software it will open the window for the opening of the file image.
Loaded the image the software drawings in red on this the profile of the leaf with
the name of the points. Beside the image there is the list of the selected points with
the relative ones coordinated.
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Fig. 1.31 Window correction coordinated points
In order to correct the coordinates of a point it is necessary to select it from the list
and therefore to press on the push-button Correct. The cursor when us door on the
image assumes the shape of an attended pointer in that it is selected on the image
the point to correct.
Once selected the software redesigns the profile of the leaf and calculates the
coordinates of the point. The operation can be repeated many times over end
when the coordinates of all the wished points have been corrected. The
coordinates of the point O and N1 as their modification be reflected on all cannot
be correct the other points being the references used for the spin of the leaf.
Once selected the software redesigns the profile of the leaf and calculates the
coordinates of the point. When they have been corrected the coordinates of the
points of the correct leaf are necessary to press on the push-button Calculate in
order to make to correct all the dimensions (distances, angles, ratio, etc). When the
name of others is selected grapevine or the window is closed is calculated again
their medium values.
This control allows to measure the teeth of the comprised leaf margin among the
tooth all' extremity of N2 and the tooth all' extremity of the first secondary ribbing
of N2, included the main teeth, of a measured leaf beginning from an image. For
being able to complete this type of operation it is on hand necessary to have the
image used for the first measurement of the leaf.
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Fig. 1.32 Window measurement teeth archiviate leaves.
The window that is opened introduces a drop-down control with the list of the
analyzed and archiviati grapevines. The name of the grapevine is preceded from the
progressive number of analysis. It is possible to order the list based on the name or
the number of analysis selecting the corresponding voices in box Order by.
When a grapevine is selected is introduced in the control List leaves correctable the
list of the measured leaves using an image, with the name of relative the rows used
image. Selecting the leaf of which the software is desired to measure the teeth it will
open the window for the opening of the file image.
Loaded the image, in order to begin the measurement of the teeth it is necessary to
press on the push-button Measurement. The software drawings in blueta on the
image a dotted line that it indicates the feature of long margin which go selected the
ends of the teeth. Moreover it is shows drawings schematic of a tooth on which it
is indicated the point to select. The cursor, when us door on the image, assumes
the shape of a pointer waiting for the selection of the points.
The measurement begins from the right side of the leaf. When a point is selected
on the side left the software calculates the dimensions of the teeth of the right side
and begins to measure those of the side left. Bringing back themselves on the right
side and selecting a point the measurement of the teeth of the side is concluded left
and they are some calculated the dimensions.
In order to cancel the selection of a point it is necessary to press the right pushbutton of the mouse.
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Fig. 1.33 Window measurement teeth archiviate leaves
When an other is selected grapevine or the window is closed the software updates
the medium values in the archives.
This control allows to modify the value of the ampelographics codes of visual type
of a leaf already archiviata. If this has been measured beginning from an image of it
is asked the loading so as to be able to show it.
Once selected the grapevine the list of the leaves with the relative name of the file
image is loaded in the control List leaves measured from image, if there are leaves
that have been measured beginning from images, and in the control Leaf the list of
all the leaves of the grapevine to regardless from the type of used source.
If a leaf from the list of those measured beginning from an image is selected the
software opens the window for the loading of the image and therefore it introduces
the values of the already present ampelographics codes in the archives. If it must be
gone to correct the codes of a leaf measured with the graphical tablet it will be
necessary to select the number of the leaf to correct from the drop-down control
Leaf.
Once loaded the image, using the push-buttons zoom is possible to magnify a
detail.
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Fig. 1.34 Window correction codes of visual type
In order to move itself from a leaf the other of the same one grapevine the
movement push-buttons can be used that are around the drop-down control Leaf.
When it is moved to us from a leaf the other or when it is selected others grapevine
are saved the values of the codes of the shows leaf.
In order to avoid the loading of the image when it is moved to us from a leaf the
other with the movement push-buttons it is necessary to deselect the option
Update image.
Utility archive
These menus offer a series of functions for the maintenance of the archives of the
acquired data. Some regard the management of the same data (rename, delete,
associate variety), others regard the management of file MS Access in which are
saved the data (copy backup and restoration).
Backup
This control executes a copy of the Ampelometria.mdb file that contains all the
data, both archiviati and in phase of measurement. The copy is save in the folder
indicated in the configuration window (cfr. Configuration of the software).
Like already explained previously illustrating the configuration window, the
software can automatically execute a copy of backup every month. This control
allows to execute a copy instantaneously. Since he is maintained single file of
backup for every month, executing this control brings up to date the copy of
backup.
If it has not been activated the option to execute a copy of backup automatically, it
is advised to make of at least every two or three months.
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Restore
This control allows to restore the situation of the archives selecting file of backup.
A window lists the file of backup available the whose name indicates already the
month and year in which it has been executed the emergency copy.
Fig. 1.35 Windows Restore archivie
Selecting with mouse file it is supplied the exact date of the creation of the file, that
it corresponds the last update of the file in case more backup executed in the same
month. Selecting the case of spulcio the backup is chosen to restore pressing the
push-button Restore.
Attention
Executing a restoration forgiveness in definitive way the acquired

data in the successive period the execution of the backup that it is
restored. It is advised for this to activate the automatic execution of
the emergency copies.
Associate archives
If two or more copies than SuperAmpelo are used on PC different in order to
accelerate the operations of measurement of the grapevines present in collection,
with this control it is possible to re-unite the acquired data on the various stations.
Not draft but of true function of synchronization, but of the addition the archives
of the copy of SuperAmpelo that the control of the present data in the archives of
an other copy executes.
In the execution of the fusion among the archives the software avoids to add the
data that they are already present. They do not are that is created duplicate even if
you execute the fusion with the archives that contain the same data.
If there are measurements on identical variety, but carried out in different dates,
will are asked that associate in order to create an only cycle of measurement with
only an average. In case of variety with identical name, but code of different
identification, will are transferred automatically as considered different variety.
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Fig. 1.36 Window Archive to associate
Executing this control the software asks to select the copy of the
Ampelometria.mdb rows to fuse with the archives of the software in execution.
This must have all the access authorization and therefore it does not have to be
opened from an other customer.
Finished the cycle of unification of the data, in order to update also the archives of
the other copies of the software, from which the data have been acquired, it is
advised to replace the Ampelometria.mdb file with that one of the copy of
SuperAmpelo that has executed the operation. In this way all the copies of the
software will have the same numbers of identification of the measurement cycles.
Reorganize of n analysis leaves
This control executes a series of verifications and possible corrections on the
regarding data of the archives the leaves and therefore update the analysis number
so as to render them progressive leaving from 1 till the last cycle of executed
analysis.
In the phase of verification they are eliminated possible duplicate, that is repeated
cycles many times over. They are moreover characterized possible numbers of not
univocal analysis, that is more cycles than having analysis the same number. These
incongruity are resolved distinguishing and numbering again the cycles based on
the following criteria: if the not univocal cycles regard different variety are
distinguished based on the name of the variety, if they regard the same variety but
the analysis have been executed in different dates are distinguished based on the
date. If the same executed variety is regarding cycles the same day and with the
same number of analysis, these are associate in an only cycle calculating again some
therefore the averages.
In case errors of visualization of the data of the leaves are taken place to try to
execute this control.
Reorganize of n analysis bunches
regarding data of the archives the bunches and therefore update the analysis
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number so as to render them progressive leaving from 1 till the last cycle of
executed analysis.
In case errors of visualization of the data of the bunches are taken place to try to
Reorganize of n analysis berries
regarding data of the archives the berries and therefore update the analysis number
analysis.
In case errors of visualization of the data of the berries are taken place to try to
Reorganize of n analysis seeds
regarding data of the archives the seeds and therefore update the analysis number
analysis.
In case errors of visualization of the data of the seeds are taken place to try to
Delete variety data
This controls allows to cancel from the archives the data of a cycle of regarded
measurements the leaves, the bunches, berries or the seeds of a variety. Selecting
the object measured of which the data are wanted to be eliminated, he is updated
the list of the grapevines archiviati.
Fig. 1.37 Window Delete variety
The case of spulcio is selected therefore of the variety that is desired to eliminate
and the push-button is pressed Delete. Once executed the commando is not more
possible to recover the cancelled data if not executing the restoration of backup a
precedence the elimination.
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Rename variety
This controls allows to modify the regarding data the identification of the
grapevine of a cycle of measurements.
Fig. 1.38 Windows Rename variety
Like for the elimination, selecting the measurement object it is updated the list of
the grapevines present in the archives. In the moment in which it is selected a
nominative case the controls for the modification of the name and the code of
identification are activated. In these they go inserted the new data and therefore it
goes pressed the Rename push-button.
Associate variety data
This control allows to re-unite the data of two cycles of regarding distinguished
measurements the same variety for having of the calculate only averages on all the
leaves of the two cycles.
If one desires to associate two cycles of variety archiviate with name or different
code, and that they have been discovered to be instead identical, it is before
necessary to precede the modification of the name and the code of identification.
Fig. 1.39 Windows Associate variety
In order to associate the data of two or more cycles than measurement it is

necessary to select them the list and to press the push-button Associate analysis.
Export data variety for other Institute
This control allows to export the data of some variety in file MS Access in order to
share them with an other institute or centre of search that uses SuperAmpelo. In
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order to allow to identify these data inside of the archives where they will are added
he is put in front the identification code an acronym that identifies the institute.
Fig. 1.40 Windows Export data variety for other Institute
It is possible to export the measurements of leaves, bunches, berries and seeds.

Selecting the object they are listed the variety of which they are available data in the
archives. These can be tidy based on the n of analysis or the name of the
grapevine. Pressed on the case of spulcio it precedes that them selects the variety to
export. Finished the choice of the variety it is necessary to indicate the acronym
that addition the identification code will are in order to allow to identify the
institute that has measured to them. Ex. UNI TO for university of Torino, etc.
When it is pressed on the push-button Exports the software asks the name to give
to file MS Access with the data and where to create it. If already one has created file
with this procedure they can add man hand new data. In software in this case it is
limited to add the selected data without to verify if these already have been
exported.
Import data variety from other Institute
This control allows to add to own archives the measurements made from an other
institute or centre of search that uses SuperAmpelo. These will be recognizable for
the presence of an acronym that identifies the institute before the code of
identification of the grapevine.
After to have selected file MS Access supplied from the institute it is opened the
following window from which the variety can be chosen of which it interests to us
to import the data and to add them to our archives.
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Fig. 1.41 Import data from an institution other
To show the list of the present variety in file MS Access it is necessary first of all to
select the object that interests us (that is Leaves, Bunches, Berries or Seeds). To this
point the software loaded the list with the variety available that we can select
pressed with the mouse on the case of spulcio that he precedes the name.
Once that they have been chosen the data to add we can press on the push-button
Imports in order to execute the operation of loading of the data. In n of analysis it
will are changed based on the present data in our archives assuming sequential
values the last analysis from we carried out.
Measurement instruments
These menus introduce some functions that allow to operate of the measures on
the image. They are available after to only have loaded an image obtained from
camera or scanner. These instruments are thought in order to allow to measure
distances, angles, etc that have not been previewed from the software.
Distance among two points
This function measure the distance among two points selected with the pushbutton left of the mouse on the image.
If the image has been obtained with a scanner, the software is quickly ready for the
selection of the points. In the moment in which a point is selected with the pointer
on the image, this is marked with a letter of the alphabet. The names of the points
are generated automatically in alphabetical order. All the regarding indications the
distance among centres are drawing in red.
When it is selected according to point is designed the segment that joins the two
selected points with the indication of the distance expressed in millimetres. The
result of the measures are introduced also in a control the left of the window.
With the selection of according to point the measurement function is finished for
which the cursor of the mouse it returns to assume its customary aspect. In order
to complete an other measure it is necessary to again select from the menu this
function.
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If the image has been obtained with a camera, before it is necessary to select the
ends of a scale or an object of which the real dimensions are known, of way that
the software can make the proportions necessary. Like indicated from the software,
the first two points will be therefore those necessary for the acquisition of the
regarding information dimensions. The third and quarter point will are instead
marked and will allow the measurement of their distance.
Fig. 1.42 Measure of the distance among two points
If other measures must be operated, end when it does not are given the order
Clean image, is not more necessary to select the scale, as the software maintains in
memory the acquired information.
The result and the drawing remain end when the shielded one with the control is
not regenerated Clean image.
Perimeter of the polygon
This function measure the perimeter of a irregular polygon with n sides whose you
concern to us is selected with the push-button left of the mouse on the image.
distance among centres are designed in colour magenta.
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In order to close the polygon and to carry out the calculation of the perimeter it is
necessary to press the right push-button of the mouse. You concern to us are
joined from a dotted line and the perimeter is shows in a control the left of the
window.
Fig. 1.43 Measure of the perimeter of a polygon
With the closing of the polygon the measurement function is finished for which
the cursor of the mouse it returns to assume its customary aspect. In order to
complete an other measure it is necessary to again select from the menu this
function.
regarding information dimensions. From the third party point in then they will are
instead marked you concern us of the polygon of which the perimeter is wanted to
be measured.
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Angle
This function measure the angle designed from three points selected with the pushbutton left of the mouse on the image.
distance among centres are designed in green.
The points go selected in hour sense, that is from left towards right. When the
third party is selected point is designed the indication of the measure of the angle
expressed in degrees, first and second ones. The result of the measures are
introduced also in a control the left of the window.
With the selection of the third party point the measurement function is finished for
function.
regarding information dimensions. The third party point and the successive ones
will are instead marked and will allow the measurement of the angle.
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Fig. 1.44 Measure of an angle
Circumference described through three points
This function measure the radius of the circumference that passes for three points
selected with the push-button left of the mouse on the image. The coordinates (in
millimetre) of the centre of the circumference are moreover dates low taking like
origin of the Cartesian plan the angle the left of the image.
on the image, this is marked with a letter of the alphabet and a spreader. The names
of the points are generated automatically in alphabetical order. All the regarding
indications the circumference are designed in green.
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Fig. 1.45 Measure of the radius
The points go selected in hour order. When it is selected the third party point is
designed the circumference and a spreader that of it indicates the centre. The
indication of the measure of the radius expressed in millimetre and the coordinates
of the centre are introduced in a control the left of the window.
With the selection of the third party point the measurement function is finished for
function.
regarding information dimensions. The third party point and the successive ones
will are instead marked and will allow the measurement of the radius of the
circumference.
The result and the drawings remain end when the shielded one with the control is
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Clean image
This order cancels the drawings created on the image in the various carried out
measurements and annuls the control that holds trace of all the carried out
measurements.
Option
These menus introduce the controls for the configuration of the software and the
information on the SuperAmpelo software.
Configuration
This commando allows to set up or to modify the parameters of configuration of
the software. We send back already to explained how much previously on the
configuration procedure after the installation.
Document
This control allows to show through Adobe Reader of the relative documentation
the software and the ampelometrics codes. Besides a copy of the following are
available manual OIV, GenRes081, IPGRI and UPOV.
Fig. 1.46 Windows Document
Release SuperAmpelo
This control starts own browser in order to connect itself the webpage
http://www.pomologia.it/SuperAmpelo/Release.aspx where the last update to
own version of SuperAmpelo can be downloaded free of charge.
Based on the warning of the customers we are working in order to increase the
stability of the system and in order to increase the functions of analysis of the
collected ampelometrics data. We advise periodically to verify the presence of new
release.
When verification an error during the operation of the software is are created file
ASCI of RapportoErr.txt name with some information on the cause and the point
in which it has been taken place. We kindly pray to send you it by email so as to be
able to improve the stability and the performances of the software.
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If you have councils or suggestion in order to improve the software so as to render

it more profit the requirements of who works in the classification and in the study
of the grapevine, we try to insert them in the new versions.
In project there is then the creation of a data bank in order to use this software like
instrument first identification of a grapevine. For being able to reach this goal it is
necessary the collaboration to us of the centres of search that have adopted this
instrument.
Update database structure
This command allows you to upgrade the structure of MS Access database that
stores data and other databases used by the program when changes are related to
the spread of new releases.
The moment where you upgrade the program is invited to run this command in
order to avoid malfunctions. This command is executed even after restoring the
backup before the update program.
Information about
This order introduces information on the version of the software.
Fig. 1.47 Windows Information about
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Measurement of the
leaves
We now analyze the operation of the software concerning
the measurement of the leaves.
SOURCE
Image from Scanner

Image from camera
Tablet graphical
uperAmpelo it previews three types of sources for the acquisition of the data
the leaves: scanner, camera, graphical tablet. Moreover, through source
twain it is possible to acquire directly the image from scanner. This allows a
wide ductility in the management of the work. I use of coming images from
scanner or camera offers them to the analysis possibility thirds party by means of
the shipment for email of the images of the leaves, or the organization of the work
in independent way from the season, constituting the archives of images to analyze
in successive time.
SuperAmpelo can analyze an infinite series of leaves for every grapevine, as the
single readings is saved in a service table, conserving or the coordinates of the
points that the calculated values, till the moment in which it is demanded the
calculation of the medium values. An analysis session can be interrupted and
resumption the successive day, or in successive time. When it is exited from the
software, or in case of lack of energy and accidental extinction of the computer,
these data do not are lost, because saved a temporary table. It is not necessary
therefore to record the read leaves when of it exits from the software. This
operation is from that is completing only when the session has been finished, the
reading of all the demanded leaves.
The software has the permanent archives in which it save the coordinates of the
points of every single leaf, archiviandoli to the term of a session of analysis of a
grapevine, on confirmation of the operator. This allows an possible one uses future
of all the leaves read in sight of new calculations, without to demand again the
reading of all the leaves. The high number of read points, that at the moment it can
seem excessive, offers wide spaces for new reworks.
Are also archiviate, for every session of analysis, the average and the standard
deviation of the calculated values, besides the ampelographics codes concerning the
adult leaf of visual type second the criteria OIV and GenRes081. This database,
than little by little is to make up itself, can be used in order to confront the values in
phase of reading with those archiviati.
PROFILE STANDARD LEAF
Format TIF
Format JPG
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It is possible also to generate and to save in file graphical the profile standard of the
leaf; both of every single leaf, and of the medium leaf turning out to the term of the
session of analysis. On the background a grill is present that allows to have a good
reference of the real dimensions (a line every 10 millimetre).
Format BMP
Format EMF
EXPORT FORMATS
Text ASCI
Text RTF
Text PDF
Tablet XML
Tablet Microsoft Access
The formats available are: TIF, JPG, BMP, and EMF. Format EMF is what it
introduces the best characteristics than resolution and compactness being a Meta
file vectorial.
The software allows to export the following data: coordinated of the points of
every single leaf read in an analysis session; calculate values (distinguished in
Distances, Angles, Ratio, Codes OIV, Codes GenRes) of every single leaf; medium
calculate values and standard deviation of Distances, Angles, Ratio, Codes OIV,
Codes GenRes. These can be exported like file of text in format ASCI, format rtf,
format pdf (Acrobat), or like tables in format XML, Microsoft Access, Microsoft
Excel.
Start of the software
SuperAmpelo allows two types of start based on the set of configuration, either the
direct access that open the attended software in that the operator through menus
beginnings the work, or the guided start, than through a series of choices it sets up
the work.
Start guided
If the guided start has been activated the software it executes a series of controls in
order to guide the operator in the phase of work. The tables managed from the
software are opened all, in order to signal to the operator possible access problems
that could hinder the operation of the software in phase of reading or recording.
Therefore the software controls if they are present in the temporary tables of the
data, that it indicates that they are in course of the analysis sessions. If it is opened
one or more sessions than analysis, these are listed indicating their state: object;
number analyzed objects; name grapevine.
8 The guided start of the software described here can be deactivated in the window Configuration. In this
case it is passed the main screen one quickly.
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Fig. 2.1 Start, stage analysis sessions
The operator chooses the object to analyze pressing with the mouse on the
corresponding push-button. If already that object is opened a concerning session,
the software asks if it is desired to continue the session or to begin of a new.
Fig. 2.2 Start, continue
If a new session of analysis is wanted to be begun, that is to work on a new

grapevine, the software asks if to record the data, that is if to add to the archives of
SuperAmpelo the coordinates of all the read leaves and the medium measures of
the calculate values.
Fig. 2.3 Recording data
If not the leaves were concerning open sessions, or if a new session is begun, after
to have archiviato the data or to have jumped the recording, they are asked the data
for identification of the grapevine on which it agrees to work. The drop-down
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control allows to select the name of a grapevine on which already it has been
worked.
Fig. 2.4 New grapevine
After to have inserted or selected the name of the grapevine, the software searches
in the data of the collection the identification code. If it does not find the field to it
remains white, waiting for the insertion from the operator. It goes then indicated
the number of the plant of the parcel. If it is not desired to distinguish the leaves of
the various plants it will be enough to leave value 1 in the main window.
After that the grapevine has been indicated the software asks which type of source
agrees to use: image from scanner, image from camera, graphical tablet.
Fig. 2.5 Start, selection source
Normal start
If the software has not been selected the guided start it opens with the window
illustrated in the fig. 2.6 ready for the measurement of leaves using like source data
acquired images from scanner. Through menus it will be able to be changed the
type of object to measure and the type of source.
Image from scanner

If is chosen like source of the data an image generated from scanner, the software
gets ready like illustrated in the fig. 2.6.
The state bar introduces some useful information: state of the software (ex. ready
in order to begin a new session of analysis), the number of leaves already read, the
resolution of the image, and, when one is in is made of reading, the coordinates of
the read points.
The bar of the push-buttons allows to open and to act on the images. These are
activated and deactivated during the various ones it is made of work.
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Fig. 2.6 Window acquisition from scanner
In order to measure a leaf it is necessary to load/to open its image. In order to
make this is pressed on the push-button New image.
It is thus opened the windows for the loading of the file. The following graphical
formats are available: BMP, JPG, TIF, GIF.
Fig. 2.7 Windows Open image
Al moment of the opening of the file, SuperAmpelo analyzes the file of the image
in order to characterize the resolution used at the moment of the scanning, and
that it will serve in order to determine the real dimensions of the leaf. It is
recommended therefore not to manipulate the images with graphics programs that
could alter some information. In any case the resolution in DPI, that it not only is
indicated in the state bar, can be modified from the operator, if these know that the
value indicated from the software is not corrected.
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The supplied information thus are shown:
Fig. 2.8 Information image from scanner
For the measurement the leaf must be introduced with the to petiole sinus turned
towards the low. If the leaf is introduced turned upside down, been able to be
rotated using the push-buttons Clockwise spin and Anticlockwise spin. The software
then executes in phase of calculation a virtual spin that perfectly aligns the leaves to
axis O-N1. The image can also be enlarged or reduced using the push-buttons of
Zoom, holding present that with increasing of the dimension of the image,
increases the resolution (as it appears from the information on the image).
Indicatively we can use at the moment of the scanning a resolution of
approximately 100 DPI and more reducing to window the dimensions of the leaf
to 75% obtaining a resolution than satisfactory.
Once that the image has been oriented and that has determine the proportions
own requirements second, the measurement can be begun pressing the pushbutton Start reading points leaf.
The software guides the operator in the selection of the points by means of a
schematic drawing of the leaf and the indication and description of the succession
of the points.
Fig. 2.9 Indication of the points
In order to select a point it is necessary to carry itself with the mouse, whose
pointer assumes the shape of a cross (pointer), on the image and to press the pushbutton left of the same. The right push-button allows instead cancelling the last one
selects made and therefore to repeat it. If the right push-button is pressed many
times are cancelled as selections many times have pressed the push-button of the
mouse. It is possible to see how many points have been cancelled observing the
succession of the indications of the points to select (fig. 2.9).
The push-button Cancel reading points leaf cancels all the read points in order to
resume from head the reading of this leaf.
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To every selection of a point in the state bar appear the coordinates calculated from
the software in this way: first of all it is operated a standardization of the leaf so that
the point to petiole becomes the origin of the ideal Cartesian plan, therefore is
operated a virtual spin so that the N1 point finds on the axis of the abscissas
(practically the leaf is rotated so that the N1 point turns out perpendicular to the
point to petiole). This means that every point is calculated regarding the point to
petiole, for which every point to the left of it will have a negative abscissa, while
every point to right will have a positive abscissa, every point that is found to of
over will have a positive former, every point that is found to of under will have a
negative former. It is then calculated the distance in millimetre based on resolution
of the used image and zoom.
This system allows to standardize the coordinates of all the read leaves, to
regardless from the directing of the image of the leaf, and being able to draw on a
Cartesian plan confronting and/or overlapping various leaves.
If the dimensions of the image exceed those of the window, they appear of the
bars of sliding by means to can be moved in order to characterize the point to
select.
Finished the selection of the points it is shows the profile of the leaf drawing with
these data so as to allow the operator to control if these are correct.
Fig. 2.10 Verification coordinates
Like indicated in chapter previous, through this window it is possible to correct one
or more points than which us it is noticed to have taken the coordinates in
corrected way (refer back to that chapter it the explanation of the procedure for the
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correction of the coordinates of one or more points). If the number of points to

correct is such from renders necessary the repetition of the reading, pressing the
push-button Cancel the present reading, is cancelled the data as soon as acquired
and the software gets ready at the beginning of a new reading.
Pressing the push-button Continue, the software allows to the compilation of the
ampelographics codes of visual type (optional) and the measurement of the teeth
comprised among the tip of N2 and that of the tooth at tip of the first vein
secondary of N2 (optional).
Fig. 2.11 Ampelographics codes of visual type
During the phase of compilation of the ampelographics codes of visual type the
push-button is possible to demand to the software to identify the shape of the leaf
pressing Suggest. The software uses three systems different for the classification of
the shape of the leaf. Two are of mathematical type and they are based on the
analysis of the measures of the leaf, one is of comparative type and it is based on
the coordinates of the points that constitute the profile of the leaf (cfr. fig. 1.10).
Pressing the push-buttons with the interrogative point that are found beside the
fields of the various codes it is possible to consult relative manual OIV and
GenRes081 the interested code.
If is being measurement the second leaf or a successive is possible to copy the data
of the leaf precedence pressing the push-button Data leaf previous for to speed the
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compilation of the visual codes. In this way it will be enough to modify the
different codes.
Pressing the push-button Record are save the introduced information and is asked
that it is desired to measure the teeth of the margin comprised among the tip of N2
and that for the tooth at tip of the first secondary vein of N2. If the software is
chosen to complete this measurement it guides the operator in the selection of the
points through the schematic drawing of a tooth.
Fig. 2.12 Indication measurement teeth
In order to facilitate the location from the operator of the feature of leaf margin
where to measure the teeth they are designed on the image two dotted lines blue
from the tip of N2 to the tip of the first secondary vein of N2.
Like indicated from the message that it appears on the window, the first point of
the base of the tooth is begun from the right side of the leaf selecting, therefore the
apex and to finish according to point of the base. This cycle is repeated on all the
teeth to measure. While these points are selected the software drawing on the
image the measured teeth it numbers and them.
It is not therefore necessary to count the teeth, but enough to select the indicated
points, that is base, apex and base of every tooth. If the teeth are consecutive
according to point of the base of the first tooth will coincide with the first point of
the base de according to tooth, if it they are not will be distinguished points. Own
in order to allow the measurement of not consecutive teeth is asked the selection
of the two base points.
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Fig. 2.13 Measurement of the teeth
When with mouse us go on the side left of the leaf and selects a point the software
understands that it has been finished measuring the teeth of the right side,
therefore of it save the number and the dimensions and get ready to measure the
teeth of the side left, as it appears from the message to window.
In order to conclude the measurement of the teeth of the left side of the leaf
enough to carry themselves with the mouse on the right side and to select a point.
The software will comprise thus that left has been finished the measurement of the
teeth of the side, of it will saved the number and the dimensions.
Al term of the acquisition of all these data the software proceeds the calculation of
the Distances, the Angles, the Ratio and the compilation of the biometric codes
OIV and GenRes081.
In order to continue in the analysis of the leaves of the grapevine in phase of study,
it is necessary to load a new image and to repeat all the described operations
previously. If the leaf that must be measured belongs to an other plant of the parcel
it be modified the number of the plant that is found places side by side to the name
of the variety under the bar of the push-buttons. Therefore can be opened a new
image with the push-button New image and to begin the reading of the points
pressing the push-button Start reading points leaf.
If the type of data source must be changed, passing as an example to acquired
images with a camera, before opening the new image is necessary to select from the
drop-down menu Acquisition data Change the type of source - Image from camera.
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In this way the software gets ready for the calculation of the real dimensions of the
leaves in different way from that one used for the acquired images with a scanner.
Measurement of the leaves of a new variety
In order to begin a new session of analysis on an other grapevine it is necessary to
select from the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the leaves of
another variety - Image from scanner. In this way it is also possible to change the
type of source to use for the acquisition of the data.
Before the insertion of the of identification data of the new grapevine, the software
asks if it is desired to record the read data previously. It is advised to record always
all the acquired data so as to be able to use again them.
After the have been inserted the data of grapevine (the name, code of identification
and costumer) the software attends that it is loaded the image with the new leaf.
Camera
If we choose as source an image generated from a camera is necessary to proceed
in this way. Apparently the procedure is similar to that for coming images from
scanner, but the software operates in different way in the phase of calculation,
therefore it is recommended not to confuse the acquired images with the various
instruments.
Fig. 2.14 Window acquisition from camera
In order to measure of a leaf it is necessary to load/to open its image. In order to
make this is pressed on the push-button New image.
It is thus opened the window for the loading of the file. The following graphical
formats are available: BMP, JPG, TIF, GIF (cfr. fig. 2.7).
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It is advised to use a background that contrasts with the leaf in order to facilitate
the operation of selection of the points. A background of colour gray could render
the pointer little visible. In this case a pointer to cross can be selected from the
Panel of control of the operating system that turns out more visible (ex. of greater
thickness).
For the analysis the leaf must be introduced with the to petiole sinus turned
towards the low. If the leaf is introduced turned upside down, been able to be
rotated using the push-buttons Clockwise spin and Anticlockwise Spin. The image
can also be enlarged or reduced using the push-buttons of Zoom, holding present
that with increasing of the dimension of the image, increases the resolution (as it
appears from the information on the image).
own requirements second, the measurement can be begun pressing the pushbutton Star reading points leaf.
The first points to select will be those of the scale, or an object represented in the
image of which the real dimensions are known. This will serve to the software for
the calculation of the proportions and therefore of the resolution with which it can
be worked.
Fig. 2.15 Gauging scale
schematic drawing of the leaf and the indication and description of the succession
of the points (cfr. fig. 2.9).
pointer assumes the shape of a cross (pointer), on the image and to press the pushbutton left of the same. The right push-button allows to cancel the last one selects
made and therefore to repeat it. If the right push-button is pressed many times are
cancelled as selections many times press the push-button of the mouse. It is
possible to see how many points have been cancelled observing the succession of
the indications of the points to select (fig. 2.9).
resume from head the reading of this leaf.
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negative former. It is then calculated the distance in millimetre based on resolution
of the used image and zoom.
select.
Finished the selection of the points it is shows the profile of the leaf designed with
these data so as to allow the operator to control if these are correct (fig. 2.10).
corrected way (refer back to that chapter it the explanation of the procedure for the
correction of the coordinates of one or more points).
Pressing the push-button Continue, the software allows the compilation of the
comprised among the tip of N2 and that of the tooth at tip of the first secondary
vein of N2 (optional).
the Distances, the Angles, the Ratio and the compilation of the biometrics codes
OIV and GenRes.
In order to continue in the analysis of the leaves of the grapevine in phase of study,
it is necessary to load a new image and to repeat all the described operations
previously. If the leaf that must be measured belongs to an other plant of the parcel
it be modified the number of the plant that is found places side by side to the name
of the variety under the bar of the push-buttons. Therefore can be opened a new
image with the push-button New image, and therefore to begin the reading of the
points pressing the push-button Start reading points leaf.
images with a scanner, before opening the new image is necessary to select from
the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Change type of source - Image from scanner.
leaves in different way from that one used for the acquired images with a camera.
select from the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the leaves of
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another variety - Image from camera. In this way it is also possible to change the type
of source to use for the acquisition of the data.
and customer) the software attends that it is loaded the image with the new leaf.
Graphical tablet
If it is chosen to use which source of the data a graphical tablet it will be necessary
to proceed in the following way.
Fig. 2.16 Window acquisition from tablet
Pressing the push-button Start reading points leaf the software active the connection
with the graphical tablet at the port set up in the configuration. If the tablet does
not answer it is shows an error message. To control that the ignited tablet or and
that the cable or connected correctly. If the error it remain, to execute the search of
port COM on which is connected the tablet from the drop-down menu Options Configuration.
To this point the software guides the operator in the selection of the points by
means of a schematic drawing of the leaf and the indication and description of the
succession of the points (cfr. fig. 2.9).
In order to select a point it is necessary to carry themselves with the pointer of the
tablet on the leaf and to press one of the push-buttons of the same pointer, or, if is
used to the pointer to pen shape, to support it on the point to select.
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resume from head the reading of this leaf, while the push-button Cancel last point
(that it appears on the window) allows to cancel the last point selected and
therefore of select again.
It is necessary to make attention that to it marks them acoustic of selection of the
tablet corresponds the acquisition of the data, visible from the coordinates
indicated in the state bar. The speed of the transmission of the data and elaboration
of the PC could demand an interval among the selection of a point and the other
of some second. With regard to this it is necessary to make of the tests.
negative ordinate.
Finished the selection of the points it is shows the profile of the leaf designed with
these data so as to allow the operator to control if these are correct (fig. 2.10).
corrected way (we do not send back to that chapter it the explanation of the
procedure for the correction of the coordinates of one or more points).
Pressing the push-button Continue, the software allows the compilation of the
comprised among the tip of N2 and that of the tooth at tip of the first secondary
vein of N2 (optional).
the distances, the angles, the ratio and the compilation of the biometrics codes
OIV and GenRes.
In order to continue in the analysis of the leaves of the grapevine in phase of study
enough to press the push-button Start reading it points leaf. If the leaf that must be
measured belongs to an other plant of the parcel it is before necessary to modify
the number of the plant that finds account to the name of the variety under to the
bar push-buttons.
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images with a scanner, before opening the new image it is necessary to select from
the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Change type of source - Image from scanner.
leaves in different way from that one used for the acquired images with a camera.
select the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the leaves of another
variety - Tablet. In this way it is also possible to change the type of source to use for
the acquisition of the data.
and costumer) the software attends that it is pressed the push-button Start reading
points leaf.
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Measurement of the
bunches
We now analyze the operation of the software for the
measurement of the bunches.
uperAmpelo it previews, which source for the acquisition of the concerning

data the bunches, images generated from a camera. I use of coming images
from camera offers possibility to the analysis thirds party by means of the
shipment for email of the images of the bunches, or the organization of the
work in independent way from the season, constituting the archives of images to
analyze in successive time.
During the start of the software, as we have seen previously, which work object can
be chosen the bunches. The software gets ready therefore for the analysis of
images.
Fig. 3.1 Window work on bunches
Like in the event of the analysis of the leaves, it is possible to measure the
dimensions of a infinitely number of bunches, and to obtain the medium values.
Measurement of a bunch
In order to measure the dimensions of a bunch it is necessary to load/to open its
image. For to speed the operation it is possible to collect in an only image more
bunches. In order to make this is pressed on the push-button New image.
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It is thus opened the window for the loading of the file. The following graphical
formats are available: BMP, JPG, TIF, GIF (cfr. fig. 2.7).
In order to facilitate the selection of the points the bunch would have to introduce
itself with the petiole turned towards the high9. If the bunch introduces itself turned
upside down, can be rotated using the push-buttons Clockwise spin and
Anticlockwise spin. The image can also be enlarged or reduced using the pushbuttons of Zoom, holding present that with increasing of the dimension of the
image, increases the resolution (as it appears from the information on the image).
own requirements second, the reading can be begun pressing the push-button Start
reading points bunch.
The first points to select will be those of the scale, or an object represented in the
image, of which the real dimensions are known. This will serve to the software for
the calculation of the proportions and therefore of the resolution with which it can
be worked.
schematic drawing of the bunch and the indication and description of the
succession of the points.
Fig. 3.2 Scheme points bunch
pointer assumes the shape of a cross (pointer), on the image and to press the pushbutton left of the same one. In order to allow the operator to verify the exactitude
of the selection it is designed a spreader in the point in which it has been pressed
the push-button of the mouse. The push-button right allows to cancel the last one
selects made and therefore to repeat it.
When they are selected all the points necessary in order to measure a bunch, this is
marked with a X so as to distinguish it from those not still measured (cfr fig. 3.3).
Once that they have been moderate all the present bunches in the image (could
also be a solo), are necessary to press on the push-button End rea. bunches in order
to make that the software executes the calculations.
9 This orientation serves to help the operator in the selection of the points, but it does not affect the
measures, therefore it is possible to work with images that they introduce clusters oriented in different
way.
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For the measurement of the bunches 6 points are necessary, 4 for bunch and 2 for
the petiole. Finished to the selection of the points the software it executes the
calculations and it compiles codes OIV 203 and 206 and codes GenRes 202 and
206.
Fig. 3.3 Measurement bunches
The push-button Cancel reading points cancels all the read points in order to
resume the measurement of this bunch.
select.
Measurement of the new bunch
In order to continue in the analysis of the bunches of the grapevine in phase of
study, it is necessary to load a new image and to repeat the described operations
previously. Is necessary to open a new image with the push-button New image, and
therefore to begin the reading of the points pressing the push-button Start reading
points bunch.
Measurement of the bunches of a new variety
In order to begin a new session of analysis on another grapevine it is necessary to
select the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the bunches of another
variety.
Before the insertion of the of identification data of the new one grapevine, the
software asks if it is desired to record the read data previously. It is advised to
record always all the acquired data.
80
O F
T H E
B U N C H E S
Once that they have been inserted the data of grapevine (the name, code of
identification and costumer) the software attends that it is loaded the image with
the new bunch.
81
O F
T H E
B E R R I E S
Measurement of the
berries
Operation of the software for the measurement of the
berries.
he analysis of the berries is made for means of one or more images that
collect a series of n berries with a scale or an object of which the real
dimensions are known.
Fig. 4.1 Window work on berries
The measurement of the berries is made for means of an image obtained from
camera.
In order to load the image on which working is necessary to press the push-button
New image from the bar of the push-buttons. After to have selected the name of
the file and give the opening order, can itself be reduced the image and be rotated it
so as to be able to work comfortably.
The image must introduce the berries so that the petiole it turns out up 10.
This orientation serves to help the operator in the selection of the points, but it does not affect the
measures, therefore it is possible to work with images that they introduce berries oriented in different
way.
10
O F
T H E
B E R R I E S
Pressing the push-button Start reading points berries begins the procedure of
reading of the dimensions that previews which first operation the gauging by
means of the tracking of an object (scale) of which the real dimensions are known.
Of this object it must be indicated the point begins them and that end, therefore
the software asks its dimensions in millimetre.
After it begins the real reading, the software guides the operator in the selection of
the points by means of a schematic drawing. The maximum number of berries
present in an image is of a hundred. When they have been selected all the points of
the berries, for giving to the software the order to execute the calculations, it is
necessary to press the push-button End rea. berries.
Fig. 4.2 Scheme points berries
When they are selected all the points necessary in order to measure a berry, this is
If during the selection it has been mistaken to select the scale, or has been mistaken
the order of the points, the reading can be cancelled pressing the push-button
Cancel reading points. In order to resume it is necessary to press the push-button
again Start reading points berries.
83
O F
T H E
B E R R I E S
Fig. 4.3 Measurement berries
Measurement of the new berries

In order to continue in the analysis of the berries of the grapevine in phase of
study, it is necessary to load a new image and to repeat the described operations
berries.
Measurement of the berries of new variety
select the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the berries of another
variety.
the berries.
84
O F
T H E
S E E D S
Measurement of the
seeds
Operation of the software for the measurement of the seeds.
he analysis of the seeds is made for means of one or more images that
collect a series of n seeds with a scale, or an object of which the real
dimensions are known.
Fig. 5.1 Window Work on seeds
The measurement of the seeds is made for means of an image obtained from
camera.
In order to load the image on which working is necessary to press the push-button
New image from the bar of the push-buttons. After to have selected the name of
the file and given the opening order, can itself be reduced the image and be rotated
it so as to be able to work comfortably.
The image must introduce the seeds so that the hilum turns out up.
Pressing the push-button Start reading points seeds begins the procedure of reading
of the dimensions that previews which first operation the gauging by means of the
tracking of an object (scale) of which the real dimensions are known. Of this object
it must be indicated the point begins them and that end, therefore the software asks
its dimensions in millimetre.
O F
T H E
S E E D S
After it begins the real reading, the software guided the operator in the selection of
the points by means of a schematic drawing. The maximum number of seeds
presents in an image is of a hundred. When they have been selected all the points
of the seeds, for giving to the software the order to execute the calculations, it is
necessary to press the push-button End rea. seeds.
Fig. 5.2 Scheme points seeds
When they are selected all the points necessary in order to measure a seed, this is
Fig. 5.3 Measurement seeds
86
O F
T H E
S E E D S
If during the selection it has been mistaken to select the scale, or has been mistaken
the order of the points, the reading can be cancelled pressing the push-button
Cancel reading heads. In order to resume it is necessary to press the push-button
again Start reading points seeds.
Measurement of the new seeds
In order to continue in the analysis of the seeds of the grapevine in phase of study,
it is necessary to load a new image and to repeat the described operations
points seeds.
Measurement of the seeds of a new variety
select the drop-down menu Acquisition data - Measurement of the seeds of another
variety.
seeds.
87
T I P S
F O R
M E A S U R I N G
L E A F
Tips for measuring leaf

Here are some guidelines for measuring grape leaves that each may apply according
to your needs.
1. Keep store scanned images from camera or scanner used to measure leaf
or alternatively also photocopies of the leaves measured. These may be
useful for work and studies on some variety or general as biometric data
are complemented the visual image of the leaf. The standard profile of the
leaf can not go into detail and it does not highlight specific aspects, based
only on 67 points. I personally recommend the use of images than the
tablet to the advantage of correct steps already taken and to store the image
of the leaf.
2. Name the file using the identification code in dell'accessione collection by
adding the number of the leaf so you can quickly and clearly identify each
image is related to measurements. Es. A25-01.jpg
3. Remove the leaves from a single plant in order to avoid the risks of using
leaves of plants with different vegetative condition, different health status,
etc.. that may affect the form. This should be identifiable by the name of
the file so that if errors occur during the reproductive system or you can go
back to data.
4. Carefully check visually the leaves collected for the measurement to
remove those faulty due to virus infection, nutritional disorders,
developmental defects, missing parts of the flap too small or otherwise.
This work should be done by a person who has gained experience in the
field and be able to see at a glance the presence of problems.
5. Working on the underside of the leaf because the ribs are more
pronounced and visible. However, always use the same test page or more
or less always the top.
6. What to do for the measurement of the leaves before the presence of
bullous and curvatures? There is an optimal solution because you can not
play perfectly in a space with two dimensions a leaf that grows in a threedimensional space. When you squeeze it tends to deform by opening or
closing such a bosom, accentuating or reducing overlap, etc.. If it is not
flatten the measurements will refer to its projection on a plane and not
its actual size. Each solution is therefore a compromise with advantages
and limitations. The important thing is that it remains consistent with your
choice and do not change the system, otherwise the data are not
comparable with each other as they have defects different.
Before the final measurements council to do some 'tests to realize the
different results obtained by giving priority to the visual appearance of the
88
T I P S
F O R
M E A S U R I N G
L E A F
leaf or its actual size. This will allow you to choose the methodology to be
more informed.
There are two possible alternative behaviors:
a. give priority to the visual appearance of the leaves
In this case if you use a scanner you should not lower the lid, and you
must stop using a tablet on the leaf surface of the tablet with Scotch
transparent and not with the clipboard. The instrument would be more
appropriate to the camera as well reproduces the leaf in its natural
form. In this case we will measure the projection of the leaf, in
measures that will lack the original, but is closer in form and structure
to the natural leaf.
b. give priority to real size
In this case if you use a scanner must be careful when you lower the lid
to try to keep as much as possible the natural structure of the leaf
(opening of the sinuses, potential overlaps, etc.).. The same care should
be used with the tablet. If you use a camera, the leaf should be placed
in a transparent plastic folder that is forced to flatten without impeding
the view.
7. When measuring not just the 67 points required, but also measure the
height of the tooth margin between the edge of the rib of N2 and the end
of the first rib lateral of N2. The ratio between height and base of these
teeth is very useful to identify a variety.
8. To the extent possible whether to proceed simultaneously in the
measurement of the leaves and in the compilation of visual codes. These
must be taken on the same leaf measured and some characters you need in
your hands the leaf.
9. If the minimum number of leaves required by Genres is 10, you should
measure more, especially if the data collected will be used to identify or
verify a variety cases of synonymy. The averages are based on 10 sun leaves
are much more influenced by factors extrinsic to the same variety. A good
practice would be to perform a first measurement on 10 leaves, and the
following year a second on 10 more. This will not only have an average
based on 20 leaves, but fade effects related to seasonal factors.
10. For the measurement of petiole sinus and lateral the program requires the
selection of 5 points. The general indication is given by 2 points to 1/3 of
the depth, 2 points to 2/3 and 1 point on the bottom of the breast. For a
better description of the leaf should bear in mind the shape of the breast in
order to highlight the points of greater or openness and less open or
overlap, especially in the case of breasts or brace. The following diagram
we have indicated in red the points to be selected according to the type of
breast.
89
T I P S
F O R
M E A S U R I N G
L E A F
90
A P P E N D I X
Appendix
Tables of recording data
Name
SingoliGrappoli
Grappolo
TempGrappolo
AciniSingoli
Acini
TempAcini
Punti
TempPunti
FoglieMisure
FogliaMisure
TempFogliaMisure
TempIdentit
System
SystemMisure
Vinaccioli
ElencoCodici
TempVinaccioli
VinaccioliSingoli
Description
Table with the historical archives that collect the measures of every
single bunches
Table with the historical archives of the analysis of the bunches. It
contains the medium dimensions of the bunches and codes OIV
Table in which the measures of the bunches are collections
temporarily
Table with the historical archives that collect the measures of every
single berries
Table with the historical archives of the analysis of the berries. It
contains the medium dimensions of the berries
Table in which the measures of the berries are collections temporarily
Table with the historical archives that collect the coordinates of the
points of every single leaf
Table in which they come collected temporarily the coordinates of the
points
Table with the historical archives that collect the calculate values of
every single leaf
Table with the historical archives of the analysis of the leaves. It
contains the average of the calculate values and codes OIV
Table in which they come collected temporarily the calculate values
Table of system in which they are temporary recorded the data of
identification of the grapevine on which it is being worked
Table of system with the list of the points to select on the leaf
Table of system with the list of the calculate values and codes OIV
Table with the historical archives of all the measurements of seeds
Tables of system for the conversion of codes OIV in levels of
expression
Table in which the measures of the seeds are collections temporarily
Table with the historical archives that collect the measures of the
single seeds
List calculate values

Field
LU
LA
LUPIC
OP
ON1
N2N21
N3N31
N4N41
SPSP1
ON2
ON21
ON3
ON31
ON4
ON41
O3N4
O31N41
O4N5
O41N51
OO3
Description
Length of the leaf
Width of the leaf
Length of the leaf including the petiole
Length of petiole
Length of the vein N1
Length between the tips of the veins N2 and N2
Width of petiole sinus / Distanza tra i punti SP e SP
Length of petiole point at tip of the vein N4
Length of petiole point at tip of the vein N4
Vein N3, length of petiole sinus at vein N4
A P P E N D I X
OO31
OS
OS1
OI
OI1
AL
AL1
BE
BE1
GA
GA1
OM
OM1
ET
ET1
TA
TA1
PI
DE
LAM
MU
HN2
HN21
HN4
HN41
BN2
BN21
BN4
BN41
LUXLA
LULA
RP
RS
RS1
RI
RI1
R2
R21
R3
R31
R4
R41
R5
R51
ALBE
ALBE1
ALBEGA
ALBEGA1
ALBEOSOI
ALBEOSOI1
HBD
HBD1
HBN2
HBN21
HBN4
Vein N3, length of petiole sinus at vein N4

Length of petiole sinus at upper sinus right
Length of petiole sinus at upper sinus left
Length of petiole sinus at lower sinus right
Length of petiole sinus at lower sinus left
Angle between N1 and N2 measured at the first ramification
Angle between N3 and N4
Angle between N1 and N2 measured at tips of the veins
Angle of opening of petiole sinus measured at SP and SP
Angle between D and D with centre in N1
Angle between S and S with centre in N1
Angle between I and I with centre in N1
Height of the tooth tip of N2
Base of the tooth tip of N2
Product of length and width of the leaf
Ratio between the length and the with of the leaf
Ratio between the length of petiole OP and the length of the vein N1
Ratio between the length of petiole sinus al upper sinus right OS and the
length of the vein N2
Ratio between the length of petiole sinus al upper sinus left OS and the
Ratio between the length of petiole sinus al lower sinus right OI and the
Ratio between the length of the petiole sinus al lower sinus left OI and
the length of the vein N3
Ratio between the length of the vein N2 and the length of the vein N1
Sum of the angles +
Sum of the angles +
Sum of the angles + +
Sum of the angles + +
Ratio between the sum of the angles + and the sum of the length
between the sinus petiole and the upper sinus right OS and the sinus
petiole and the lower sinus right OI
Ratio between the sum of the angles + and the sum of the length
between the sinus petiole and the upper sinus left OS and the sinus
petiole and the lower sinus left OI
Ratio between the height and the base of teeth of right side
Ratio between the height and the base of teeth of left side
Ratio between the height and the base of tooth tip of vein N2
92
A P P E N D I X
HBN41
HD
BD
HD1
BD1
ANGA
ANGA1
Area
Mean of the height of the teeth of right side
Mean of the base of the teeth of right side
Mean of the height of the teeth of leaf side
Mean of the base of the teeth of left side
Angle between N3 and the tangent between petiole point and tip of N5
Angle between N3 and the tangent between petiole point and tip of N5
Stima dellarea della foglia calcolata in base ai punti selezionati
List ampelographics codes compiled (OIV and GenRes081)

Field
066-4
066-5
067
068
070
072
074
075
076
079
079-1
080
081-1
081-2
083-2
084
087
092
093
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
612
613
614
615
616
617
Description
Length of vein N5
vein N3, length petiole sinus to vein N4
Shape of blade
Number of lobes
Anthocyanin coloration of the main veins on the upper side of the blade
Goffering of blade
Profile
Blistering of upper side
Shape of teeth
Degree of petiole sinus opening
Opening/overlapping of petiole sinus
Shape of base of petiole sinus
Presence of teeth in the petiole sinus
Petiole sinus limited by veins
Presence of teeth at the base of the upper
Density of prostrate hairs between the main veins (lower side)
Density of erect hairs on the main veins (lower side)
Length of petiole
Length of petiole compared to middle vein (N1)
Length of vein N1
Length of vein N2
Length of vein N3
Length of vein N4
Length petiole sinus to upper leaf sinus
Length petiole sinus to lower leaf sinus
Angle between N3 and the tangent between petiole point and the tooth
tip of N5
Length of teeth N2
Width of teeth N2
Length of teeth N4
Width of teeth N4
Number of teeth between the tooth tip of N2 and the tooth tip of the first
secondary vein of N2, including the limits
Length between the tooth tip of N2 and the tooth tip of the first
secondary vein of N2
93
A P P E N D I X
Drawings
Distance
94
A P P E N D I X
Angle
95
Image index
Fig. 0.1 Configuration: General settings ....................................4
Fig. 0.2 Configuration: Port COM .............................................5
Fig. 0.3 Configuration: Port USB ...............................................6
Fig. 0.4 Configuration: Heading..................................................7
Fig. 0.5 Configuration: Backup ...................................................7
Fig. 0.6 Configuration: Profiles leaves........................................8
Fig. 1.1 Main window...................................................................9
Fig. 1.2 Window insertion of data identification of the
grapevine.....................................................................10
Fig. 1.3 Sources twain.................................................................12
Fig. 1.4 Window to correct the coordinates of points............13
Fig. 1.5 Window selection leaf for the correction of the
measurements of the teeth........................................14
Fig. 1.6 Correction measurement teeth....................................15
Fig. 1.7 Window correction codes ampelography of visual
type ..............................................................................16
Fig. 1.8 Window Shapes leaf .....................................................17
Fig. 1.9 Window Ampelometric analysis of single leaves.......18
Fig. 1.10 Window Ampelometry analysis of the leaves
series ............................................................................20
Fig. 1.11 Window Analysis similarity........................................22
Fig. 1.12 Diagram of dispersion................................................25
Fig. 1.13 Window Analysis bunches.........................................26
Fig. 1.14 Window Analysis berries............................................26
Fig. 1.15 Window seeds Analysis..............................................27
Fig. 1.16 Window the Archives coordinates............................30
Fig. 1.17 Window the Archives single leaves...........................31
Fig. 1.18 Window Archives medium leaves.............................32
Fig. 1.19 Data for the recording the national catalogue.........33
Fig. 1.20 Window Analysis similarity leaves of a variety........34
Fig. 1.21 Window Compare variety ..........................................35
Fig. 1.22 Print report comparison among variety ...................35
Fig. 1.23 Window Search variety of similar shape ..................36
Fig. 1.24 Window Balance analysis profiles.............................37
Fig. 1.25 Window Similarity analysis the group of varieties...39
Fig. 1.26 Window Retrospective calculations..........................40
Fig. 1.27 Window Archives bunches........................................42
Fig. 1.28 Window Archives berries...........................................42
Fig. 1.29 Window Archives seeds.............................................43
Fig. 1.30 Window correction coordinate points......................44
Fig. 1.31 Window correction coordinated points ...................45
Fig. 1.32 Window measurement teeth archiviate leaves.........46

Fig. 1.33 Window measurement teeth archiviate leaves.........47
Fig. 1.34 Window correction codes of visual type..................48
Fig. 1.35 Windows Restore archivie .........................................49
Fig. 1.36 Window Archive to associate....................................50
Fig. 1.37 Window Delete variety ..............................................51
Fig. 1.38 Windows Rename variety ..........................................52
Fig. 1.39 Windows Associate variety........................................52
Fig. 1.40 Windows Export data variety for other Institute....53
Fig. 1.41 Import data from an institution other......................54
Fig. 1.42 Measure of the distance among two points.............55
Fig. 1.43 Measure of the perimeter of a polygon....................56
Fig. 1.44 Measure of an angle....................................................58
Fig. 1.45 Measure of the radius.................................................59
Fig. 1.46 Windows Document ..................................................60
Fig. 1.47 Windows Information about.....................................61
Fig. 2.1 Start, stage analysis sessions ........................................64
Fig. 2.2 Start, continue ...............................................................64
Fig. 2.3 Recording data ..............................................................64
Fig. 2.4 New grapevine ..............................................................65
Fig. 2.5 Start, selection source...................................................65
Fig. 2.6 Window acquisition from scanner..............................66
Fig. 2.7 Windows Open image..................................................66
Fig. 2.8 Information image from scanner................................67
Fig. 2.9 Indication of the points ...............................................67
Fig. 2.10 Verification coordinates.............................................68
Fig. 2.11 Ampelographics codes of visual type.......................69
Fig. 2.12 Indication measurement teeth...................................70
Fig. 2.13 Measurement of the teeth..........................................71
Fig. 2.14 Window acquisition from camera.............................72
Fig. 2.15 Gauging scale ..............................................................73
Fig. 2.16 Window acquisition from tablet ...............................75
Fig. 3.1 Window work on bunches...........................................78
Fig. 3.2 Scheme points bunch...................................................79
Fig. 3.3 Measurement bunches .................................................80
Fig. 4.1 Window work on berries .............................................82
Fig. 4.2 Scheme points berries ..................................................83
Fig. 4.3 Measurement berries ....................................................84
Fig. 5.1 Window Work on seeds...............................................85
Fig. 5.2 Scheme points seeds.....................................................86
Fig. 5.3 Measurement seeds.......................................................86
96

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SUPERAMPELO

Software for ampelometric and

Manual for customer

TOOLS FOR THE AGRICULTURE

Guide for use of SuperAmpelo

Monastero dei SS. Pietro e Paolo

CNR - Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, Unit di Grugliasco (TO) Italy

Requirement for installation

Measurement of the leaves of another

Points coordinates of every leaf

Values calculated of every leaf

Average of the values calculated on the

Go on with the leaves measurement

Standard leaf Image

Change the type of source

Measurement of the bunches of another

Go on with the measurement of the

Show the archives

Go on with the measurement of the

Go on with the measurement of the

Single leaves all the leaves of a cycle

Measurement of the seeds of the another

Leaves coordinates all the leaves of a

Measurement of the berries of another

Leaves average summary of a cycle of

Data for register the national catalogue

Similarity analysis the leaves of a cycle

Selected source Twain

Search variety with similar shape of leaf

Similarity analysis the group of varieties

Correct points coordinates of a leaf

Correct measurement of the teeth

Bunches summary and single values of

Correct visual codes

Reorders progression leaves

Berries summary and single values of a

Ampelometry of every leaf

Seeds summary and single values of a

Ampelometry of the leaves series

Change data archive

Correct points coordinates of a leaf

Measurement of a new leaf

Correct measurement of the teeth

Measurement of the leaves of a new

Correct visual codes

Measurement of a new leaf

Measurement of the leaves of a new

Reorganize of n analysis leaves

Reorganize of n analysis bunches

Reorganize of n analysis berries

Measurement of a new leaf

Reorganize of n analysis seeds

Measurement of the leaves of a new

Delete variety data

Associate variety data

Export data variety for other Institute

Measurement of the new bunch

Import data variety from other Institute

Measurement of the bunches of a new

Measurement of the bunches

Distance among two points

Perimeter of the polygon

Measurement of the berries