Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Buitenhuis et al , 2006
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PTSD
(n=33)
No PTSD
(n=39)
Cohens
d
41.09 (15.88)
34.31 (13.43)
0.46
11.91 (5.85)
9.67 (6.17)
0.37
Headaches
75.8%
84.6%
Dizziness
51.5%
53.8%
2.55 (0.90)
2.10 (0.68)
-Neck
100%
100%
- *Back
51.5%
28.2%
- *Shoulders
81.8%
53.8%
-Arms
24.2%
28.2%
-Legs
6.1%
2.6%
0.56
Cold hyperalgesia1, 3
Older age1,2
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Aim
Participants (N = 72)
= 2.5yrs)
Exclusions: fractures, head injury, history of
neck pain.
Assessment of PTSD
Challenge assessment
Baseline
Trauma cue
exposure
Post-exposure
PTSD
(n = 33)
Pain threshold
PTSD higher baseline arousal and
negative affect and lower pain threshold.
No PTSD
(n = 39)
Minimal changes in
arousal, affect and pain.
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Respiratory Rate
Skin Conductance
Skin Temperature
Pressure
- Local - cervical spine
- Remote - Median nerve
& tibialis anterior
Heart Rate
Blood Pressure
C2
Cervical Spine
- PTSD group lower
across time.
- Further decrease in
PTSD group after
trauma-cue.
240
PTSD
No PTSD
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
Remote Sites
Baseline
-PTSD group had lower thresholds to cold and heat across time.
- Significant decrease in cold threshold for PTSD after trauma cue.
- Minimal change in heat thresholds after trauma-cue.
physiological arousal.
Lower sensory pain thresholds
Further decreases in cold and
cervical pressure thresholds after
trauma-cues.
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arousal to trauma-cues
improved functional disability and quality of life
Allocated to WL condition
(n = 13)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
76.9
61.5
WL
TREAT
15.4
Post
6month
45
40
35
WL
TREAT
30
Pre
Post
6mo
HR
78
76
74
WL
TREAT
72
70
68
Pre
Post
6mo
16
Trend (p=.07) for
greater reductions in Cold
14
Thresholds for TREAT
compared to WL.
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Also trend (p=.08) for
reduced Cold thresholds in10
TREAT Group from pre-6mo.
Cold
WL
TREAT
Pre
Post
6mo
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