Number notation

Hierarchy of Decimal Numbers

Number

Name

zero

How many

one

two

three

four

five

six

seven

eight

nine

10

ten

20

twenty

two tens

30

thirty

three tens

40

forty

four tens

50

fifty

five tens

60

sixty

six tens

70

seventy

seven tens

80

eighty

eight tens

90

ninety

nine tens

Number

Name

How Many

100

one hundred

ten tens

1,000

one thousand

ten hundreds

10,000

ten thousand

ten thousands

100,000

one hundred thousand

one hundred thousands

1,000,000

one million

one thousand thousands

Some people use a comma to mark every 3 digits. It just keeps track of the digits
and makes the numbers easier to read.
Beyond a million, the names of the numbers differ depending where you live. The
places are grouped by thousands in America and France, by the millions in Great
Britain and Germany.
Name

American-French

English-German

million

1,000,000

1,000,000

billion

1,000,000,000 (a thousand
millions)

1,000,000,000,000 (a million
millions)

trillion

1 with 12 zeros

1 with 18 zeros

quadrillion 1 with 15 zeros

1 with 24 zeros

quintillion 1 with 18 zeros

1 with 30 zeros

sextillion

1 with 21 zeros

1 with 36 zeros

septillion

1 with 24 zeros

1 with 42 zeros

octillion

1 with 27 zeros

1 with 48 zeros

googol

1 with 100 zeros

googolplex

1 with a googol of zeros

Fractions

Digits to the right of the decimal point represent the fractional part of the decimal
number. Each place value has a value that is one tenth the value to the immediate
left of it.
Number

Name

Fraction

.1

tenth

1/10

.01

hundredth

.001

thousandth

.0001

ten thousandth

1/10000

.00001

hundred thousandth

1/100000

1/100
1/1000

Examples:
0.234 = 234/1000 (said - point 2 3 4, or 234 thousandths, or two hundred thirty
four thousandths)
4.83 = 4 83/100 (said - 4 point 8 3, or 4 and 83 hundredths)

SI Prefixes
Number
10 1
10 2
10 3
10 6
10 9
10 12
10 15
10 18
10 21
10 24

Prefix
dekahectokilomegagigaterapetaexazetayotta-

Symbol
da
h
k
M
G
T
P
E
Z
Y

Number
10 -1
10 -2
10 -3
10 -6
10 -9
10 -12
10 -15
10 -18
10 -21
10 -24

Prefix
decicentimillimicronanopicofemtoattozeptoyocto-

Symbol
d
c
m
u (greek mu)
n
p
f
a
z
y

Roman Numerals
I=1

(I with a bar is not used)

V=5

_
V=5,000

X=10

_
X=10,000

L=50

_
L=50,000

C=100

_
C = 100 000

D=500

_
D=500,000

M=1,000

_
M=1,000,000

Roman Numeral Calculator

Examples:

1 = I
2 = II
3 = III
4 = IV
5 = V
6 = VI
7 = VII
8 = VIII
9 = IX
10 = X

11 = XI
12 = XII
13 = XIII
14 = XIV
15 = XV
16 = XVI
17 = XVII
18 = XVIII
19 = XIX
20 = XX
21 = XXI

25 = XXV
30 = XXX
40 = XL
49 = XLIX
50 = L
51 = LI
60 = LX
70 = LXX
80 = LXXX
90 = XC
99 = XCIX

There is no zero in the roman numeral system.

The numbers are built starting from the largest number on the left, and adding
smaller numbers to the right. All the numerals are then added together.
The exception is the subtracted numerals, if a numeral is before a larger numeral,
you subtract the first numeral from the second. That is, IX is 10 - 1= 9.
This only works for one small numeral before one larger numeral - for example, IIX
is not 8, it is not a recognized roman numeral.
There is no place value in this system - the number III is 3, not 111.

Number Base Systems

Decimal(10)

Binary(2)

Ternary(3)

Octal(8)

Hexadecimal(16)

10

11

10

100

11

101

12

110

20

111

21

1000

22

10

1001

100

11

10

1010

101

12

11

1011

102

13

12

1100

110

14

13

1101

111

15

14

1110

112

16

15

1111

120

17

16

10000

121

20

10

17

10001

122

21

11

18

10010

200

22

12

19

10011

201

23

13

20

10100

202

24

14

Each digit can only count up to the value of one less than the base. In hexadecimal,
the letters A - F are used to represent the digits 10 - 15, so they would only use
one character.