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CPA REVIEW SCHOOL OF THE PHILIPPINES

Manila

AUDITING PROBLEMS
PREWEEK LECTURE
PROBLEM NO. 1
The following accounts were included in the unadjusted trial balance of Pistons Company
as of December 31, 2006:
Cash
Accounts receivable
Merchandise inventory
Accounts payable
Other current liabilities

P 481,600
1,127,000
3,025,000
2,100,500
215,500

During your audit, you noted that Pistons held its cash books open after year-end so that a
more favorable balance sheet could be prepared for credit purposes. Cash receipts and
disbursements for the first 10 days of January were recorded as December transactions.
The following information is given:
1. January cash receipts recorded in December cash book totaled P327,300, of which
P180,050 represents cash sales and P147,250 represents collections on account for
which cash discounts of P7,750 were given.
2. January cash disbursements recorded in the December check register liquidated
accounts payable of P186,200 on which discounts of P6,200 were taken.
3. The amount shown as inventory was determined by physical count on December 31,
2006.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.
2.
3.

The adjusted cash balance as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P481,600
b. P334,300
c. P340,500

d. P346,700

The adjusted working capital as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P2,317,600
b. P2,139,100
c. P2,143,750

d. P2,368,900

The adjusted current ratio as of December 31, 2006 is

a. 2.00
b. 1.85
c. 1.86

d. 2.11

4.

During your examination of a cut-off bank statement, you noticed that the majority of
checks listed as outstanding at December 31 had not cleared the bank. This would
indicate
a. A high possibility of kiting.
b. A high possibility of lapping.
c. That the cash disbursement journal had been held open past December 31.
d. That the cash disbursement journal had been closed prior to December 31.

5.

Making the financial statements indicate a more favorable position by giving effect to
transactions in a period other than that in which these actually occurred is called
a. Pro-forma balance sheet.
c. Lapping.
b. Financial projections.
d. Window dressing.

PROBLEM NO. 2
On January 10, 2007, you started the audit of the financial records of the Heats Company
for the year ended December 31, 2006. From your investigation, you discovered the
following:

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1.

The bookkeeper also acts as the cashier. On December 31, 2006, the bookkeepers
year-end cash reconciliation contains the following items.
Cash per ledger, 12-31-06
Cash per bank, 12-31-06
Outstanding checks
Miami Co. check charge by bank in error
12-20-06; corrected by bank on 1-5-07
Cash in transit, credited by bank on 1-2-07

P491,200
518,800
41,760
1,200
5,760

2.

The cash account balances per ledger as of 12-31-06 were: Cash - P491,200; petty
cash - P1,200

3.

The count of the cash on hand at the close of business on January 10, 2007,
including the petty cash, was as follows:
Currency and coin
Expense vouchers
Employees IOUs dated 1-5-07
Customers checks in payment of account

P3,080
160
440
2,320
P6,000

4.

From January 2, 2007 to January 10, 2007, the date of your cash count, total cash
receipts appearing in the cash records were P68,800. According to the bank
statement for the period from January 2, 2007 to January 10, 2007, total credits were
P60,800.

5.

On July 5, 2006, cash of P3,200 was received from an account customer; the
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts was charged and Accounts Receivable credited.

6.

On December 5, 2006, cash of P2,400 was received from an account customer;

Inventory was charged and Accounts Receivable credited.

7.

Cash of P5,840 received during 2006 was not recorded.

8.

Checks received from customers from January 2, 2007 to January 10, 2007, totaling
P3,360, were not recorded but were deposited in bank.

9.

On July 1, 2006, the bank refunded interest of P160 because a note of the Heats
Company was paid before maturity. No entry had been made for the refund.

10. In the cashiers petty cash, there were receipts for collections from customers on
January 9, 2007, totaling P6,800; these were unrecorded and undeposited.
11. In the outstanding checks, there is one for P400 made payable to a trade creditor;
investigation shows that this check had been returned by the creditor on June 14,
2006 and a new check for P800 was issued in its place; the original check for P400
was made in error as to amount.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Correct bank balance as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P484,400
b. P503,200
c. P484,000

d. P483,200

Cash shortage as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P19,200
b. P18,800
c. P18,400

d. P0

Cash shortage for the period January 1 to 10, 2007 is

a. P13,360
b. P20,320
c. P10,160

d. P0

From the standpoint of good internal control, the monthly bank statements should be
reconciled by someone under the direction of the
a. Controller.
b. Treasurer.
c. Cashier.
d. Credit manager.

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5.

An auditor would consider a cashiers job description to contain compatible duties if

the cashier receives remittance from the mailroom and also prepares the
a. Daily deposit slip.
c. Remittance advices.
b. Prelist of individual checks.
d. Monthly bank reconciliation.

PROBLEM NO. 3
Nets Company produces paints and related products for sale to the construction industry
throughout Metro Manila. While sales have remained relatively stable despite a decline in
the amount of new construction, there has been a noticeable change in the timeliness with
which the companys customers are paying their bills.
The company sells its products on payment terms of 2/10, n/30. In the past, over 75
percent of the credit customers have taken advantage of the discount by paying within 10
days of the invoice date. During the year ended December 31, 2005, the number of
customers taking the full 30 days to pay has increased. Current indications are that less
than 60% of the customers are now taking the discount. Uncollectible accounts as a
percentage of total credit sales have risen from the 1.5% provided in the past years to 4%
in the current year.
In response to your request for more information on the deterioration of accounts
receivable collections, the companys controller has prepared the following report:
Nets Company
Accounts Receivable Collections
December 31, 2006
The fact that some credit accounts will prove uncollectible is normal, and annual bad
debt write-offs had been 1.5% of total credit sales for many years. However, during
the year 2006, this percentage increased to 4%. The accounts receivable balance is
P1,500,000, and the condition of this balance in terms of age and probability of
collection is shown below:
Proportion to total
64%
18%
8%
5%
3%
2%

Age of accounts
1 10 days
11 30 days
Past due 31 60 days
Past due 61 120 days
Past due 121 180 days
Past due over 180 days

Probability of collection
99.0%
97.5%
95.0%
80.0%
65.0%
20.0%

At the beginning of the year, the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts had a credit
balance of P27,300. The company has provided for a monthly bad debt expense
accrual during the year based on the assumption that 4% of total credit sales will be
uncollectible. Total credit sales for the year 2006 amounted to P8,000,000, and
write-offs of uncollectible accounts during the year totaled P292,500.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the foregoing, answer the following:
1.

How much is the adjusted balance of the allowance for doubtful accounts as of
December 31, 2006?
a. P104,400
b. P49,800
c. P77,100
d. P27,300

2.

The necessary adjusting journal entry to adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts
as of December 31, 2006 would include a credit to allowance for doubtful accounts of:
a. P27,300
b. P49,800
c. P77,100
d. P22,300

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3.

An aging analysis of accounts receivable would provide an indication as to the

a. Validity of the accounts.
c. Integrity of the credit grantors.
b. Collectibility of the accounts.
d. Solvency of customers.

4.

From the standpoint of good internal control, the billing department, for good internal
control should be under directions of the
a. Credit manager.
c. Controller.
b. Sales manager.
d. Treasurer.

5.

In order that sound internal accounting control could be achieved, which department
should perform the activities of matching shipping documents with sales orders and
preparing daily sales summaries?
a. Billing
b. Credit
c. Shipping
d. Sales order.

PROBLEM NO. 4
In connection with your examination of the financial statements of Cavaliers, Inc. for the
year ended December 31, 2006, you were able to obtain certain information during your
audit of the accounts receivable and related accounts.

The December 31, 2006 balance in the Accounts Receivable control accounts is
P558,600.

An aging schedule of the accounts receivable as of December 31, 2006 is presented

below:
Age
60 days & under
61 to 90 days
91 to 120 days
Over 120 days

Net debit
balance
P258,513
204,735
59,886
35,466
P558,600

Percentage to be applied after

corrections have been made
1 percent
3 percent
6 percent
Definitely uncollectible, P6,300; the
remainder is estimated to be 25%
uncollectible.

Two entries were made in the Doubtful Accounts Expense account were:
1. A debit on December 31 for the amount of the credit to the Allowance for Doubtful
Accounts.
2. A credit for P4,110 on November 30, 2006, and a debit to Allowance for Doubtful
Accounts because of a bankruptcy. The related sales took place on October 1,
2006.

The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts schedule is presented below:

Debit
January 1, 2006
November 30, 2006
December 31, 2006 (P558,600 x 5%)

Credit

Balance
P13,125
9,015

P27,930

P36,945

P4,110

There is a credit balance in one account receivable (61 to 90 days) of P7,260; it

represents an advance on a sales contract.

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.

How much is the adjusted balance of Accounts Receivable as of December 31,

2006?
a. P555,450
b. P559,560
c. P540,930
d. P548,190

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2.

How much is the adjusted balance of the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts as of
December 31, 2006?
a. P19,706
b. P19,583
c. P19,830
d. P19,147

3.

How much is the Doubtful Accounts expense for the year 2006?
a. P16,991
b. P16,868
c. P17,115
d. P27,930

4.

How much is the net adjustment to the Doubtful Accounts expense account?
a. P6,952 credit
b. P6,705 credit c. P6,829 credit
d. P4,110 debit

5.

Authorization for the write-off of accounts receivable should be the responsibility of

the
a. Credit Manager.
c. Accounts receivable clerk.
b. Controller.
d. Treasurer.

PROBLEM NO. 5
Wizards Enterprises loaned P1,000,000 to Washington Inc. on January 1, 2004. The
terms of the loan require principal payments of P200,000 each year for 5 years plus
interest at 8%. The first principal and interest payment is due on January 1, 2005.
Washington made the required payments during 2005 and 2006. However, during 2006
Washington began to experience financial difficulties, requiring Wizards to reassess the
collectibility of the loan. On December 31, 2006, Wizards determines that the remaining
principal payments will be collected, but the collection of interest is unlikely. The prevailing
interest rate for similar type of note as of December 31, 2006 is 10%.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.

The present value of the expected future cash flows as of December 31, 2006 is
a. P547,100
b. P515,400
c. P556,640
d. P600,000

2.

The loan impairment for the year 2006 is

a. P84,600
b. P43,360
c. P52,900

d. P0

3.

How much is the interest income for the year 2007, assuming that Wizards'
assessment of the collectibility of the loan has not changed.
a. P27,768
b. P28,531
c. P25,232
d. P32,000

4.

Which of the following audit procedures provides the best evidence about the
collectibility of notes receivable?
a. Confirmation of note receivable balances with the debtors.
b. Examination of notes for appropriate debtors' signatures.
c. Examination of cash receipts records to determine promptness of interest and
principal payments.
d. Reconciliation of the detail of notes receivable and the provision for uncollectible
amounts to the general ledger control.

5.

When auditing the allowance for uncollectible accounts, the least reliance should be
placed on which of the following?
a. The credit manager's opinion.
b. An aging of past due accounts.
c. Collection experience of the client's collection agency.
d. Ratios that show the past relationship of the allowance to net credit sales.

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PROBLEM NO. 6
Pacers Company, a manufacturer of small tools, provided the following information from
its accounting records for the year ended December 31, 2006:
Inventory at December 31, 2006 (based on physical count on
December 31, 2006)
Accounts payable at December 31, 2006
Net sales (sales less sales returns)

P1,520,000
1,200,000
8,150,000

Additional information follows:

a.

Included in the physical count were tools billed to a customer FOB shipping point on
December 31, 2006. These tools had a cost of P31,000 and were billed at P40,000.
The shipment was on Pacers loading dock waiting to be picked up by the common
carrier.

b.

Goods were in transit from a vendor to Pacers on December 31, 2006. The invoice
cost was P71,000, and the goods were shipped FOB shipping point on December 29,
2006.

c.

Work in process inventory costing P30,000 was sent to an outside processor for
plating on December 30, 2006.

d.

Tools returned by customers and held pending inspection in the returned goods area
on December 31, 2006, were not included in the physical count. On January 8, 2007,
the tools costing P32,000 were inspected and returned to inventory. Credit memos
totaling P47,000 were issued to the customers on the same date.

e.

Tools shipped to a customer FOB destination on December 26, 2006, were in transit
at December 31, 2006, and had a cost of P21,000. Upon notification of receipt by the
customer on January 2, 2007, Pacers issued a sales invoice for P42,000.

f.

Goods, with an invoice cost of P27,000, received from a vendor at 5:00 p.m. on
December 31, 2006, were recorded on a receiving report dated January 2, 2007. The
goods were not included in the physical count, but the invoice was included in
accounts payable at December 31, 2006.

g.

Goods received from a vendor on December 26, 2006, were included in the physical
count. However, the related P56,000 vendor invoice was not included in accounts
payable at December 31, 2006, because the accounts payable copy of the receiving
report was lost.

h.

On January 3, 2007, a monthly freight bill in the amount of P6,000 was received.
The bill specifically related to merchandise purchased in December 2006, one-half of
which was still in the inventory at December 31, 2006. The freight charges were not
included in either the inventory or accounts payable at December 31, 2006.

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.

The adjusted balance of Inventory as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P1,673,000
b. P1,704,000
c. P1,672,000
d. P1,670,000

2.

The adjusted balance of Accounts Payable as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P1,333,000
b. P1,262,000
c. P1,327,000
d. P1,330,000

3.

The adjusted Net Sales fro the year ended December 31, 2006 is
a. P8,103,000
b. P8,110,000
c. P8,150,000
d. P8,063,000

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4.

When auditing merchandise inventory at year end, the auditor performs a purchase
cutoff test to obtain evidence that
a. All goods purchased before year end are received before the physical inventory
count.
b. No goods held on consignment for customers are included in the inventory
balance.
c. All goods owned at year end are included in the inventory balance.
d. No goods observed during the physical count are pledged or sold.

5.

Which of the following audit procedures would provide the least reliable evidence that
the client has legal title to inventories?
a. Analytical review of inventory balances compared to purchasing and sales
activities.
b. Confirmation of inventories at locations outside the client's facilities.
c. Observation of physical inventory counts.
d. Examination of paid vendors' invoices.

PROBLEM NO. 7
A flood recently destroyed many of the financial records of Bulls Manufacturing
Company. Management has hired you to re-create as much financial information as
possible for a month of July. You are able to find out that the company uses an average
cost inventory valuation system. You also learn that Bulls makes a physical count at the
end of each month in order to determine monthly ending inventory values. By examining
various documents you are able to gather the following information:
Ending inventory at July 31
Total cost of unit available for sale in July
Cost of goods sold during July
Cost of beginning inventory, July 1
Gross profit on sales for July

50,000 units
P118,800
P99,000
P0.35 per unit
P101,000

July purchases
Date
July 5
11
15
16

Units
60,000
50,000
40,000
50,000

Unit Cost
P0.40
0.41
0.42
0.45

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your engagement, you are asked to provide the
following information:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Number of units on hand, July 1

a. 35,000
b. 41,580

c. P12,250

d. 100,000

Units sold during July

a. 185,000
b. 162,250

c. P250,000

d. 191,580

Unit cost of inventory at July 31

a. P0.506
b. P0.396

c. P0.560

d. P0.492

Value of inventory at July 31

a. P25,300
b. P19,800

c. P28,000

d. P24,600

In obtaining evidence to establish the existence of inventories, which one of the

following is unlikely to be used by and auditor?
a. Reconciliation.
b. Inspection.
c. Observation.
d. Confirmation.

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PROBLEM NO. 8
Both BSA Inc. and CPA Corp. have 1,000,000 shares of no-par common stock
outstanding. Bucks Inc. acquired 100,000 shares of BSA stock for P5 per share and
250,000 shares of CPA stock for P10 per share on January 2, 2005. Both securities are
being held as long term investments. Changes in retained earnings for BSA and CPA for
2005 and 2006 are as follows:
Retained earnings (deficit), 1/1/05
Cash dividends, 2005
Net income, 2005
Retained earnings, December 31, 2005
Cash dividends, 2006
Net income, 2006
Retained earnings, December 31, 2006
Market value of stock: 12/31/05
12/31/06

BSA, Inc.
P2,000,000
(250,000)
400,000
2,150,000
(300,000)
600,000
P2,450,000

CPA Corp.
(P350,000)
650,000
300,000
(100,000)
250,000
P 450,000

P7.00
6.50

P12.00
15.00

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.
2.

The income from investment in BSA, Inc. in 2006 is

a. P30,000
b. P25,000
c. P2,000

d. P0

The income from investment in CPA, Inc. in 2005 is

a. P62,500
b. P5,000
c. P162,500

d. P0

3.

The carrying value of Investment in BSA, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P500,000
b. P650,000
c. P700,000
d. P505,000

4.

The carrying value of Investment in CPA, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P2,500,000
b. P3,750,000
c. P2,537,500
d. P2,700,000

5.

How much is the unrealized gain or loss that will be included as component of equity
as of December 31, 2006?
a. P150,000 gain
b. P50,000 gain c. P50,000 loss
d. P0

PROBLEM NO. 9
In connection with your examination of the financial statements of the Spurs Corporation
for the year 2006, the company presented to you the Property, Plant and Equipment
section of its balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 which consists of the following:
Land
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Machinery and equipment

P 400,000
3,200,000
2,000,000
2,800,000

The following transactions occurred during 2006:

Land site number 102 was acquired for P4,000,000. Additionally, to acquire the land
Spurs paid a P240,000 commission to a real estate agent. Costs of P60,000 were
incurred to clear the land. During the course of clearing the land, timber and gravel
were recovered and sold for P20,000.

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A second tract of land (site number 103) with a building was acquired for P1,200,000.
The closing statement indicated that the land value was P800,000 and the building
value was P400,000. Shortly after acquisition, the building was demolished at a cost
of P120,000. A new building was constructed for P600,000 plus the following costs:
Excavation fees
Architectural design fees
Building permit fee
Imputed interest on funds used during construction

P 44,000
32,000
4,000
24,000

The building was completed and occupied on September 1, 2006.

A third tract of land (site number 104) was acquired for P2,400,000 and was put on
the market for resale.

Extensive work was done to a building occupied by Spurs under a lease agreement.
The total cost of the work was P500,000, which consisted of the following:
Particulars
Painting of ceilings
Electrical work
Construction of extension to
current working area

Amount
P 40,000
140,000

Useful life
One year
Ten years

320,000

Thirty years

The lessor paid one-half of the costs incurred in connection with the extension to the
current working area.

During December 2006, costs of P260,000 were incurred to improve leased office
space. The related lease will terminate on December 31, 2008, and is not expected
to be renewed.

A group of new machines was purchased under a royalty agreement which provides
for payment of royalties based on units of production for the machines. The invoice
price of the machines was P300,000, freight costs were P8,000, unloading charges
were P6,000, and royalty payments for 2006 were P52,000.

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, compute for the following as of December
31, 2006:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Land
a. P8,400,000

b. P5,900,000

c. P5,480,000

d. P6,000,000

Buildings
a. P4,280,000

b. P3,880,000

c. P3,800,000

d. P4,200,000

Leasehold improvements
a. P2,720,000
b. P2,600,000

c. P2,560,000

d. P2,300,000

Machinery and equipment

a. P3,100,000
b. P3,108,000

c. P3,114,000

d. P3,166,000

In testing plant and equipment balances, an auditor examines new additions listed on
an analysis of plant and equipment. This procedure most likely obtains evidence
concerning managements assertion of
a. Completeness.
c. Presentation and disclosure.
b. Existence or occurrence.
d. Valuation or allocation.

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PROBLEM NO. 10
The following independent situations describe facts concerning the ownership of various
assets. In each case, compute the amount of depreciation or depletion for 2006.
1.

Suns Company purchased a tooling machine in 1996 for P600,000. The machine
was being depreciated on the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 20
years with no salvage value. At the beginning of 2006, when the machine had been
in use for 10 years, Suns paid P120,000 to overhaul the machine. As a result of this
improvement, Suns estimated that the useful life of the machine would be extended
an additional 5 years.
a. P28,000
b. P15,000
c. P20,000
d. P23,000

2.

Phoenix Manufacturing Co., a calendar-year company, purchased a machine for

P650,000 on January 1, 2004. At the date of purchase, Phoenix incurred the fol lowing additional costs:
Loss on sale of old machinery
Freight cost
Installation cost
Testing costs prior to regular operation

P15,000
5,000
20,000
4,000

The estimated salvage value of the machine was P50,000, and Phoenix estimated
that the machine would have a useful life of 20 years, with depreciation being
computed using the straight-line method. In January 2006, accessories costing
P48,600 were added to the machine to reduce its operating costs. These
accessories neither prolonged the machine's life nor did they provide any additional
salvage value.
a. P31,450
b. P34,150
c. P33,880
d. P36,930
3.

On July 1, 2006, Nash Corporation purchased equipment at a cost of P340,000. The

equipment has an estimated salvage value of P30,000 and is being depreciated over
an estimated life of 8 years under the double-declining-balance method of
depreciation.
a. P77,500
b. P38,750
c. P42,500
d. P85,000

4.

In January 2006, Marion Corporation entered into a contract to acquire a new

machine for its factory. The machine, which had a cash price of P2,000,000, was
paid for as follows:
Down payment
5,000 shares of Marion common stock with an
agreed-upon value of P370 per share

P 300,000
1,850,000
P2,150,000

Prior to the machine's use, installation costs of P70,000 were incurred. The machine
has an estimated useful life of 10 years and an estimated salvage value of P100,000.
The straight-line method of depreciation is used.
a. P212,000
b. P1820,000
c. P190,000
d. P197,000
5.

On January 2, 2005, Diaw Corporation purchased land with valuable natural ore
deposits for P10 million. The estimated residual value of the land was P2 million. At
the time of purchase, a geological survey estimated 2 million tons of removable ore
were under the ground. Early in 2005, roads were constructed on the land to aid in
the extraction and transportation of the mined ore at a cost of P750,000. In 2005,
50,000 tons were mined. In 2006, Diaw fired its mining engineer and hired a new
expert. A new survey made at the end of 2006 estimated 3 million tons of ore were

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available for mining. In 2006, 150,000 tons were mined. All the ore mined was sold.
a. P372,000
b. P426,000
c. P433,500
d. P406,500
PROBLEM NO. 11
On January 1, 2005, Nuggets Company entered into a lease contract with Denver
Company for a new equipment that had a selling price of P2,120,000. The lease contract
provides that annual payments of P420,000 will be made for 6 years. Nuggets made the
first payment on January 1, 2005, subsequent payments are made on January 1 of each
year. Nuggets guarantees a residual value of P367,122 at the end of the lease term. After
considering the guaranteed residual value, the rate implicit in the lease is determined to be
12%. Nuggets has an incremental borrowing rate of 15%. The economic life of the
equipment is 9 years. Nuggets depreciates its equipment using straight line method.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, compute for the following:
1.

Cost of the leased equipment to be recognized by Nuggets Company

a. P1,912,772
b. P2,013,908
c. P2,120,000
d. P0

2.

Annual depreciation expense

a. P257,608
b. P292,146

c. P274,464

d. P0

Interest expense in 2005

a. P179,133
b. P191,269

c. P204,000

d. P0

3.
4.
5.

Liability under finance lease as of December 31, 2006

a. P1,251,905
b. P1,484,000
c. P1,365,177

d. P0

Current portion of the liability under finance lease as of December 31, 2006
a. P241,920
b. P269,771
c. P256,179
d. P0

PROBLEM NO. 12
You were able to obtain the following from the accountant for Mavericks Corp. related to
the companys liabilities as of December 31, 2006.
Accounts payable
Notes payable trade
Notes payable bank
Wages and salaries payable
Interest payable
Mortgage notes payable 10%
Mortgage notes payable 12%
Bonds payable

P 650,000
190,000
800,000
15,000
?
600,000
1,500,000
2,000,000

The following additional information pertains to these liabilities.

a. All trade notes payable are due within six months of the balance sheet date.
b. Bank notes-payable include two separate notes payable to Allied Bank.
(1) A P300,000, 8% note issued March 1, 2004, payable on demand. Interest is
payable every six months.
(2) A 1-year, P500,000, 11 % note issued January 2, 2006. On December 30,
2006, Mavericks negotiated a written agreement with Allied Bank to replace the
note with a 2-year, P500,000, 10% note to be issued January 2, 2007. The
interest was paid on December 31, 2006.
c. The 10% mortgage note was issued October 1, 2003, with a term of 10 years. Terms
of the note give the holder the right to demand immediate payment if the company fails
to make a monthly interest payment within 10 days of the date the payment is due. As
of December 31, 2006, Mavericks is three months behind in paying its required interest

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payment.
d. The 12% mortgage note was issued May 1, 2000, with a term of 20 years. The current
principal amount due is P1,500,000. Principal and interest payable annually on April
30. A payment of P220,000 is due April 30, 2007. The payment includes interest of
P180,000.
e. The bonds payable is 10-year, 8% bonds, issued June 30, 1997. Interest is payable
semi-annually every June 30 and December 31.
QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, answer the following:
1.

Interest payable as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P155,000
b. P143,000
c. P203,000

d. P215,000

2.

The portion of the Note Payable-bank to be reported under current liabilities as of

December 31, 2006 is
a. P300,000
b. P500,000
c. P800,000
d. P0

3.

Total current liabilities as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P3,950,000
b. P4,138,000
c. P3,938,000

d. P3,998,000

Total noncurrent liabilities as of December 31, 2006 is

a. P1,760,000
b. P2,560,000
c. P3,960,000

d. P1,960,000

4.
5.

Which of the following is correct regarding the classification of financial liabilities?

a. An entity classifies financial liabilities as noncurrent when they are due to be
settled within 12 months after the balance sheet date.
b. If the entity expects, and has the discretion, to refinance or roll over an obligation
for at least 12 months after the balance sheet date under an existing loan facility, it
classifies obligation as current.
c. When refinancing or rolling over is not at the discretion of the entity, the potential
to refinance is not considered and the obligation is classified as current.
d. When an entity breaches an undertaking under a long-term loan agreement on or
before the BS date with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand,
the liability is classified as non-current, if, after the BS date, and before the FS are
authorized for issue, the lender has agreed not to demand payment as a
consequence of the breach.

PROBLEM NO. 13
Grizzlies Inc. was organized on January 2, 2005, with authorized capital stock of 50,000
shares of 10%, P200 par value preferred, and 200,000 shares of no-par, no stated value
common. During the first 2 years of the company's existence, the following selected
transactions took place:
2005
Jan. 2
2
Mar. 2
Jul. 10
Dec. 16
28
31

Sold 10,000 shares of common stock at P16.

Sold 3,000 shares of preferred stock at P216.
Sold common stock as follows: 10,800 shares at P22; 2,700 shares at P25.
Acquired a nearby piece of land, appraised at P400,000, for 600 shares of
preferred stock and 27,000 shares of common. (Preferred stock was recorded at
P216, the balance being assigned to common.)
Declared the regular preferred dividend and a P1.50 common dividend.
Paid dividends declared on December 16.
The Income Summary account showed a credit balance of P450,000.

2006
Feb. 27

Reacquired 12,000 shares of common stock at P19.

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Jun. 17
Jul. 31
Sep. 30
Dec. 16
28
31

Resold 10,000 shares of the treasury stock at P23.

Resold all of the remaining treasury stock at P18.
Sold 11,000 additional shares of common stock at P21.
Declared the regular preferred dividend and a P0.80 common dividend.
Dividends declared on December 16 were paid.
The income summary account showed a credit balance of P425,000.

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, determine the balances of the following
as of December 31, 2006:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Preferred stock
a. P777,600

b. P600,000

c. P720,000

d. P729,600

Common stock
a. P615,000

b. P966,500

c. P735,500

d. P696,100

Additional paid in capital

a. P38,000
b. P93,600

c. P57,600

d. P95,600

Total stockholders equity

a. P2,498,150
b. P2,388,150

c. P1,892,100

d. P2,376,630

An auditor usually obtains evidence of shareholders equity transactions by reviewing

the entitys
a. Minutes of board of directors meetings.
c. Canceled stock certificates.
b. Transfer agents records.
d. Treasury stock certificate book.

PROBLEM NO. 14
Clippers Corporation asked you to review its records and prepare corrected financial
statements. The books of accounts are in agreement with the following balance sheet:
Clippers Corporation
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2006
Assets
Cash
Accounts receivable
Notes receivable
Inventories
Total assets

P 40,000
80,000
24,000
200,000
P344,000

Liabilities and Owners Equity

Accounts payable
Notes payable
Capital stock
Retained earnings
Total liabilities and owners equity

P 16,000
32,000
80,000
216,000
P344,000

A review of the companys boos indicates that the following errors and omissions had not
been corrected during the applicable years:
Ending inventory - overstated
Ending inventory - understated
Prepaid expense
Unearned income
Accrued expense

2003
48,000
7,200
1,600

2004
P56,000
5,600
3,200
600

2005
P64,000
4,000
800

2006
72,000
4,800
2,400
400

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Page 14 of 18

Accrued income

1,000

1,200

No dividends were declared during the years 2003 to 2006 and no adjustments were made
to retained earnings. The companys books reported the following net income:
2003
2004

P60,000
44,000

2005
2006

P52,000
60,000

QUESTIONS:
Based on the above and the result of your audit, determine the adjusted amounts of the
following: (Disregard tax implications)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Net income in 2003

a. P99,200

b. P113,600

c. P116,800

d. P17,600

Net income (loss) in 2004

a. (P62,800)
b. (P14,800)

c. (P59,600)

d. P145,200

Net income (loss) in 2005

a. P60,400
b. P44,800

c. P44,400

d. (P11,600)

Net income (loss) in 2006

a. (P76,000)
b. P194,400

c. P195,200

d. P196,000

Retained earnings as of December 31, 2006

a. P281,600
b. P291,200
c. P292,000

d. P147,200

- end of preweek lectureGOOD LUCK!

SOLUTION GUIDE TO SELECTED PROBLEMS:

PROBLEM NO. 1
Per books
Current assets
Cash
Accounts receivable
Merchandise inventory

Adjustments

Per audit

481,600
1,127,000
3,025,000
4,633,600

Current liabilities
Accounts payable
Other current liabilities

Working capital (CA-CL)

Current ratio (CA/CL)

2,100,500
215,500
2,316,000
2,317,600
2.00

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PROBLEM NO. 2
Bank

Books

Unadjusted balances, 12/31/06

Add (deduct) adjustments:
Outstanding checks
Erroneous bank debit
Cash in transit
Collection charged to Allow. For Doubtful a/cs
Collection charged to Inventory
Unrecorded cash receipt
Unrecorded interest refund
Check returned and replaced not yet cancelled
Balances
Shortage
Adjusted balances

PROBLEM NO. 3
Category
1 10 days
11 30 days
31 60 days
61 120 days
121 180 days
over 180 days

Aging ratio
64%
18%
8%
5%
3%
2%
100%

AR Balance

Rate
Allowance
1.00%
2.50%
5.00%
20.00%
35.00%
80.00%

1,500,000

PROBLEM NO. 4
Unadjusted balances
Add (deduct) adjustments:
AJE No. 1
AJE No. 2
AJE No. 3
Adjusted balances

PROBLEM NO. 5
Date
January 1, 2007
January 1, 2008
January 1, 2009

GL/SL
558,600

Collection
200,000
200,000
200,000
600,000

Period
0
1
2

60

61 to 90

PV factor

91 to 120

over 120

PV at 8%

PROBLEM NO. 6
Inventory

Accts. Payable

Net Sales

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Unadjusted balances
Add (deduct) adjustments:
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h

1,520,000

1,200,000

8,150,000

Adjusted balances

PROBLEM NO. 7
Cost of units available for sale
Less purchases:
July 5 (60,000 units x P0.40)
July 11 (50,000 units x P0.41)
July 15 (40,000 units x P0.42)
July 16 (50,000 units x P0.45)
Cost of beginning inventory
Divide by cost per unit
Number of units on hand, July 1

PROBLEM NO. 8

Acquisition cost (250,000 shares x P10)

Share in net income for 2005 (P650,000 x 25%)
Carrying value, 12/31/05
Dividends received in 2006 (P100,000 x 25%)
Share in net income for 2006 (P250,000 x 25%)
Carrying value, 12/31/06
PROBLEM NO. 9

Balance, January 1, 2006

Land site number 102:
Acquisition cost
Commission paid to real estate agent
Clearing costs
Amounts recovered
Land site number 103:
Acquisition cost
Demolition cost
Balance, December 31, 2006

PROBLEM NO. 10

Cost of natural resources, net of residual value (P10M - P2M)

Mine improvements

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Cost subject to depletion

Divide by total estimated reserves in 2005
Depletion rate in 2005
Number of tons mined in 2005
Depletion for 2005
Original cost subject to depletion
Less depletion in 2005
Remaining cost to deplete, 1/1/06
Remaining tons of ore, 1/1/06 (3,000,000+150,000)
Depletion rate in 2006
Number of tons mined in 2006
Depletion for 2006

PROBLEM NO. 11

Present value of rental payments (P420,000 x 4.6048)

Present value of GRV (P367,122 x 0.5066)
Cost of leased equipment
Date
01.01.05
01.01.05
01.01.06
01.01.07
01.01.08
01.01.09
01.01.10
01.01.11

Payment

Interest

Principal

Lease liab.

420,000
420,000
420,000
420,000
420,000
420,000
367,122

PROBLEM NO. 12
P300,000 note payable to bank (P300,000 x 8% x 4/12)
Mortgage note payable 10% (P600,000 x 10% x 3/12)
Mortgage note payable 12% (P1,500,000 x 12% x 8/12)
Total interest payable, 12/31/06

PROBLEM NO. 13
Preferred Common
stock
stock

APIC

Retained Treasury
earnings
stock

Issuance of CS, 1/2/05

Issuance of PS, 1/2/05

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Issuance of CS, 3/2/05

Issuance of PS and CS for land, 7/10/05
Declared cash dividend-PS and CS, 12/16/06
Net income for 2005
Balances, 12/31/05
Acquisition of TS, 2/27/06
Resale of TS above cost, 6/17/06
Resale of TS below cost, 7/31/06
Issuance of CS, 7/31/05
Declared cash dividend-PS and CS, 12/16/06
Net income for 2006
Balances, 12/31/06

720,000

735,500

57,600

302,250

PROBLEM NO. 14

Unadjusted balances
1) Ending inventory - overstated
2004
2005
2) Ending inventory - understated
2003
2006
3) Prepaid expense
2003
2004
2005
2006
4) Unearned income
2004
2006
5) Accrued expense
2003
2004
2005
2006
6) Accrued income
2004
2006

NI
2003
60,000

NI
2004
44,000

NI
2005
52,000

NI
2006
60,000

RE
12.31.06
216,000

Adjusted balances

AP-PW 5/06