Maiah Beatrice R.

Dinglasan

2E-PH

Defect Name

Definition

Capping

The upper of lower segment of the tablet

separates horizontally, either partially or
completely from the main body and
comes off as a cap, during ejection from
the tablet press, or during subsequent
handling.
Separation of a tablet into two or more
distinct horizontal layers.

Lamination

Cracking

Small, fine cracks observed on the upper

and lower central surface of tablets, or
very rarely on the sidewall.

Chipping

It is the defect where the film becomes

chipped and dented, usually at the edges
of the tablet.

Sticking

Tablet material adhering to the die wall.

Filming is a slow form of sticking and is
largely due to excess moisture in the
granulation.
Small amount of material from a tablet
is sticking to and being removed off
from the tablet-surface by a punch face.

Picking

Orange Peel

Inadequate spreading of the coating

solution before drying causes a bumpy
or orange-peel effect on the coating.

Intagliations

As a result of such detachment, the film

is able to shorten and thus partially
relieve the stress within the film.

Twinning

By their very nature, sugarcoating

formulations are very sticky, particularly
as they begin to dry, and allow adjacent
tablets to stick together.

Illustration

Why does it has a

defect
Due to the airentrapment and
subsequent
expansion of tablet
on ejection of a
tablet from a die.
Air-entrapment
during compression
and subsequent
release on ejection.
It is observed as a
result of rapid
expansion of
tablets, especially
when deep concave
punches are used.
Decrease in
fluidizing air or
speed of rotation of
the drum in pan
coating.
Improperly dried or
improperly
lubricated granules.
When punch tips
have engraving or
embossing letters.
Granular material is
improperly dried.
Low spray rates,
coupled with
excessive drying
conditions and use
of excessive
atomizing air
pressures.
Occurs when a
component of the
internal stress
becomes
sufficiently high so
causing detachment
of the coating in the
region of logo.
Build up of
multiples when the
tablets being coated
have flat surface,
which can easily
come into contact

Remedy
Increase the amount of
binder.
Use flat punches.
Dry the granules
properly.
Increase the amount of
binder.
Increase the amount or
change the lubricant.
Reduce granule size.
Moisten the granules
properly.
Add dry binders.
Use tapered die.
Increase hardness of the
film by increasing the
molecular weight grade
of polymer.
Modify mixing process.
Increase pressure.
Reduce speed of
compressing.
Dry the granules
properly.
Add high melting-point
materials.
Adjust the spray rate
and drying conditions.
Thinning the coating
solution with additional
solvents.

Improve film adhesion

by adjusting plasticizer
content.
Appropriate design of
tablet punches with
respect to logo.

Appropriate choice in
tablet punch design can
be effectively used to
minimize the problem.

with one another.

Blistering

It is the local detachment of film from

the substrate forming blister.

Entrapment of gases
in the film due to
overheating during
spraying or at the
end of the coating
run.

Use mild drying

condition.