FUNCIONES DE LA VOZ PASIVA

La voz pasiva se utiliza para mostrar inters por la persona o cosa que es objeto de una
accin, en lugar de la persona o cosa que realiza dicha accin. Dicho de otro modo, la
persona o cosa ms importante pasa a ser el sujeto de la oracin.

EJEMPLOS

The passive voice is used frequently. (= nos interesa la voz pasiva, no quin la usa.)

The house was built in 1654. (= nos interesa la casa, no quin la construy.)

The road is being repaired. (= nos interesa la carretera, no quin la est

arreglando.)

En ocasiones empleamos la voz pasiva porque desconocemos o no queremos mencionar

quin realiz la accin.

EJEMPLOS

I noticed that a window had been left open.

Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.

All the cookies have been eaten.

My car has been stolen!

La voz pasiva suele utilizarse en textos formales. Cambiar a la voz activa har que lo que
escribes resulte ms claro y fcil de leer.

Pasiva

Activa

A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen words.

A few well-chosen words conve

Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases.

A mass of gases wrap around o

Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.

The city disposes of waste mate

Si queremos decir quin o qu realiza la accin en una construccin en pasiva, empleamos

la preposicin "by". Cuando sabemos quin realiz la accin y el sujeto nos interesa,
siempre es mejor optar por la voz activa.

Pasiva

Activa

"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles.

The Beatles wrote "A Hard Da

The movie ET was directed by Spielberg.

Spielberg directed the movie

This house was built by my father.

My father built this house.

Consulta ms informacin sobre la voz pasiva y sus equivalentes en activa para todos los
tiempos verbales del ingls.

FORMACIN DE LA VOZ PASIVA

En ingls, la voz pasiva est compuesta por dos elementos:
la forma apropiada del verbo "to be" + "past participle"

Afirmativa

Negativa

Interrogativa

In

The house was built in 1899.

The house wasn't built in 1899.

Was the house built in 1899?

These houses were built in

1899.

These houses weren't built in

1899.

Were these houses built in

1899?

W
1

"TO CLEAN", VOZ PASIVA

Sujeto

+ "to be" (conjugado)

+ "past participle"

+ resto d

is

cleaned

every da

is being

cleaned

at the m

Simple present
The house
Present continuous
The house
Simple past

Sujeto

+ "to be" (conjugado)

+ "past participle"

+ resto d

The house

was

cleaned

yesterda

was being

cleaned

last wee

has been

cleaned

since yo

had been

cleaned

before th

will be

cleaned

next wee

will be being

cleaned

tomorro

would be

cleaned

if they h

would have been

cleaned

if it had

Past continuous
The house
Present perfect
The house
Past perfect
The house
Future
The house
Future continuous
The house

Present conditional
The house
Past conditional
The house

Sujeto

+ "to be" (conjugado)

+ "past participle"

+ resto d

must be

cleaned

before w

Inifinitivo
The house

LA VOZ PASIVA CON INFINITIVOS

El infinitivo en la voz pasiva se emplea detrs de los verbos modales y de la mayora de los
verbos que normalmente van seguidos de infinitivo.

EJEMPLOS

You have to be tested on your English grammar.

John might be promoted next year.

She wants to be invited to the party.

I expect to be surprised on my birthday.

You may be disappointed.

LA VOZ PASIVA CON EL "GERUND"

El "gerund" en la voz pasiva se utiliza despus de las preposiciones y verbos que
normalmente van seguidos de "gerund".

EJEMPLOS

I remember being taught to drive.

The children are excited about being taken to the zoo.

The children are excited to be taken to the zoo.

Most film stars hate being interviewed.

Most film stars hate to be interviewed.

Poodles like to be pampered.

Poodles like being pampered.

USO DE "TO BE BORN"

"To be born" es una formacin pasiva y suele emplearse en pasado. Sin embargo, en
algunos casos, el presente o el futuro resultan apropiados.

EJEMPLOS

I was born in 1976.

Where were you born?

Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week.

We don't know on exactly which day the baby will be born.