Results

Experiment A
Table 1: Experimental data for Experiment A
Flow rate of pump A
Flow rate of pump B
Steady State Temperature, T(C)
Steady State Temperature, T(K)
Steady State Conductivity, (mS/cm)

93.75058594
93.75058594
22.93222222
296.082
4.816666667

Sample Calculation
Steady State Temperature = 22.93 + 273.15
= 296.082 K
Initial Concentration of A in Reactor, CA0 =

FA
x 0.05
FA+ FB

= 0.025 mol/L
Initial Concentration of B in Reactor, CB0 =

FB
x 0.05
FA+ FB

= 0.025 mol/L
Given: Volume of PFTR is 400ml,
Residence time,

V
FA+ FB

= 2.1333 min
= 127.9992s
At infinite amount of time,
Concentration of A, CAi = 0 mol/dm3
Concentration of C, CC = CB0 = 0.025 mol/dm 3
From Equation (12), Conductivity of C, C
C = 0.070 x [1 + 0.0248(T - 294)] x CC
= 0.070 x [1 + 0.0248(296.082 - 294)] x 0.025
= 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm
From Equation (13), Conductivity of A, A
A = 0.195 [1 + 0.0184(T 294)] CA

=0

Therefore,

= A + C
= 0 + 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm
= 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm

At time = 0,
C0 = 0 S/cm
From Equation (13), Conductivity of A, A0
A = 0.195 [ 1 + 0.0184(T 294)]CA
= 0.195 [ 1 + 0.0184(296.082 294)]0.025
= 5.062 x 10-3 S/cm
Conductivity of solution, 0 = A0 + C0
= 5.062 x 10-3 + 0
= 5.062 x 10-3 S/cm
From Equation (16), Current concentration of A,
CA = (CA - CAO) x

= (0 0.025) x

0
0

+ CAO

4.81675.062
1.84045.062

+ 0.025

= 0.023096 mol/L
From Equation (17), Current concentration of C,
CC = (CC - CCO) x

= (0.025 0) x

0
0

+ CCO

4.81675.062
1.84045.062

+0

= 1.90356 x 10-3 mol/L

From Equation (18), Conversion of A,
XA =

CAO CA
CAO

0.0250.023096
0.025

= 0.07616
From Equation (19), Conversion of C
XC =

CC
CC
0.00190356
0.025

= 0.07614
Rate Constant, k =

XA
1
x
1XA CAO
0.07616
1
x
10.07616 127.9992 x 0.025

=0.0258

L
mol s

Table 2: Calculated result from Experiment A

Steady State Conversion Factor, XA
Calculated Rate Constant, k (L/mol.s)

0.07616
0.0258

Experiment B
Table 3: Experimental data for Experiment B
Flow rate of pump A
Flow rate of pump B
Steady State Temperature, T(C)
Steady State Temperature, T(K)
Steady State Conductivity, (mS/cm)

66.66666667
66.66666667
22.87791667
296.0279167
4.491875

Steady State Temperature = 22.88 + 273.15

= 296.03 K
Given: Volume of PFTR is 400ml,

Residence time,

V
FA+ FB

= 2.99985 min
= 179.991 s
At infinite amount of time,

= A + C
= 0 + 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm
= 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm

At time = 0,
Conductivity of solution, 0 =

A0

C0

= 5.062 x 10-3 + 0
= 5.062 x 10-3 S/cm
From Equation (16), Current concentration of A,
CA = (CA - CAO) x

= (0 0.025) x

0
0

+ CAO

4.4918755.062
1.84045.062

+ 0.025

= 0.02058 mol/L
From Equation (17), Current concentration of C,
CC = (CC - CCO) x

0
0

+ CCO

4.4918755.062
1.84045.062

= (0.025 0) x

+0

= 4.4242 x 10-3 mol/L

From Equation (18), Conversion of A,
XA =

CAO CA
CAO
0.0250.02058
0.025

= 0.1768
From Equation (19), Conversion of C
XC =

CC
CC
0.0044242
0.025

= 0.17697

XA
1
x
1XA CAO

Rate Constant, k =

0.1768
1
x
10.1768 179.991 x 0.025
L

= 0.04773 mol s

Table 4: Calculated result from Experiment B

Steady State Conversion Factor, XA
Calculated Rate Constant, k (L/mol.s)

0.1768
0.04773

Table 5: Experimental data for Experiment B

Flow rate of pump A
Flow rate of pump B

45.45454545
45.45454545

Steady State Temperature, T(C)

Steady State Temperature, T(K)
Steady State Conductivity, (mS/cm)

23.03642857
296.1864286
4.182678571

Steady State Temperature = 23.03 + 273.15

= 296.18 K
Given: Volume of PFTR is 400ml,
Residence time,

V
FA+ FB

= 4.4 min
= 264 s

At infinite amount of time, = A + C

= 0 + 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm
= 1.8404 x 10-3 S/cm
At time = 0,
Conductivity of solution, 0 =

A0

C0

= 5.062 x 10-3 + 0
= 5.062 x 10-3 S/cm
From Equation (16), Current concentration of A,
CA = (CA - CAO) x

= (0 0.025) x

0
0

+ CAO

4.1826785715.062
1.84045.062

+ 0.025

= 0.01818 mol/L
From Equation (17), Current concentration of C,
CC = (CC - CCO) x

= (0.025 0) x

0
0

+ CCO

4.1826785715.062
1.84045.062

= 6.8236 x 10-3 mol/L

From Equation (18), Conversion of A,
XA =

CAO CA
CAO
0.0250.01818
0.025

= 0.2728
From Equation (19), Conversion of C
XC =

CC
CC

+0

0.0068236
0.025

= 0.272944

XA
1
x
1XA CAO

Rate Constant, k =

0.2728
1
x
10.2728 264 x 0.025
L

= 0.05684 mol s
Table 6: Calculated result from Experiment B
Steady State Conversion Factor, XA
Calculated Rate Constant, k (L/mol.s)

0.2728
0.05684

Table 7: Table of Conversion and Residence Time for different Flow Rates
Flow Rate (ml/min)
93.75058594
66.66666667
45.45454545

XA/(1-XA)
0.0824
0.2148
0.3751

Residence Time (s)

127.9992
179.991
264

Figure 1: Graph of XA/(1-XA) against Residence Time (s)

Plot of XA/(1-XA) against Residence Time (s)

12
10
8
XA/(1-XA)

6
4
2
0
100

f(x) =150
R = 0

200
Residence Time (s)

250

300