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"If money is your hope for independence you will never have it. The only real security that a
man will have in this world is a reserve of knowledge, experience, and ability.
Henry Ford, Entrepreneur
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M ailed M ay 0 5 , 2 0 1 4
Ready? Click here to reset the timer and start the test
by E us taquio S. (Singapore):
"H ello O liver
T oday, I pas s ed my P M P exam and I would like to thank you
and your team for the Free P M P preparation tes ts ."
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for 0review
M Marked
ailed J anuary
5 , 2 0 1 4 by M arc o D . (G ermany, via
L inkedI n, trans lated from G erman):
"G ood day, M r. L ehmann.
project
management.
I ndirec
tly, you have very muc h s upported my preparation for
the P M P exam. Y our web page and your numerous res pons es
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Resource buffer
Free buffer
Feeding buffer
Project buffer
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2. A company has to make a choice between two projects, because the available resources in
money and kind are not sufficient to run both at the same time. Each project would take 9
months and would cost $250,000.
1. The first project is a process optimization which would result in a cost reduction of $120,000 per
year. This benefit would be achieved immediately after the end of the project.
2. The second project would be the development of a new product which could produce the following
net profits after the end of the project:
1. year:
2. year:
3. year:
$ 15,000
$ 125,000
$ 220,000
Assumed is a discount rate of 5% per year. Looking at the present values of the benefits of
these projects in the first 3 years, what is true?
Both projects are equally attractive.
The first project is more attractive by app. 7%.
The second project is more attractive by app. 5%.
The first project is more attractive by app. 3%.
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4. Your project management team includes two external consultants each from a different
company. You found that repeated conflicts between the two consultants already slow down
project progress and jeopardize achievement of objectives.
Which stage of team development can be difficult to overcome in such a situation?
Storming from Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing
Panic from Enthusiasm, Panic, Hope, Solution
Kickoff from Assignment, Kickoff, Training, Communicating
Frustration from Direction, Frustration, Cooperation, Collaboration
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5. During a project, earned value analysis is performed, resulting in the following numbers:
EV: 523,000; PV: 623,000; AC: 643,000.
Which results are correct?
CV: +120,000; SV: +100,000
CV: +100,000; SV: +120,000
CV: -100,000; SV: -120,000
CV: -120,000; SV: -100,000
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6. A project manager spent some days to create a multi-page document, which he called project
charter. The document should have been issued by the project sponsor. The sponsor found the
document outsized and asked for a condensed document.
Which of the following is usually not an element of the project charter?
The authority level of the project manager
Detailed control account and work package descriptions
The business need that the project was undertaken to address
High-level risks
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7. A document called ____________ is created by decomposing the project scope into smaller,
more manageable elements.
Scope Statement
Network Logic Diagram
Work Breakdown Structure
Requested Change
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9. In order to speed up a project, you made a decision to fast-track a phase currently performed
with five team members, and another one which was planned to begin in four weeks time with
another five team members.
Which of the following activities should you do first?
Make sure that all exit criteria of the consecutive phase have been met to ensure the flow
of communications in a team situation which is more complex by a factor of 2.
Make sure that all entry criteria of the previous phase have been met by planning and
performing a phase gate meeting to assess technical aptness.
Make sure that all exit criteria of the previous phase have been met by planning and
performing a phase gate meeting to assess technical performance.
Restructure your team and delegate tasks in order to ensure the flow of communications
in a team with the number of communication channels increased by a factor of 4.5.
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10. A project manager has been asked to support an internal project request by developing a
business case.
What kind of information is the person expected to provide in the document?
The detailed information from a business standpoint to determine whether bidding for
the customer project will be successful.
The detailed information from a project management standpoint to determine whether
the project will be successful.
The detailed information from a technical standpoint to determine whether the project
will be successful.
The necessary information from a business standpoint to determine whether the project
is worth the investment.
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11. You found the following earned value analysis information for a project that was recently
closed-out:
SPI = 0.7, CPI = 1.0
The project has been cancelled while it was executed. At that time the project was
behind schedule and on budget.
The project's deliverables have all been finished. The project came in behind schedule
but on budget.
The project's deliverables have all been finished. The project came in ahead of schedule
but on budget.
The project's deliverables have all been finished. The project came in on schedule but
over budget.
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14. A project management team has subcontracted work to a service company. Which of the
following tools is the best choice to assure that this company will be able to meet the quality
requirements of the project?
Quality audit
Deliverable inspection
Fixed price contract
Service level agreement
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15. With your team you are using judgment from subject matter experts to identify and analyze
project risks. There is a small number of experts available, but some of them have long been in
a teacher-student or manager-assistant relationship.
Which of the following techniques can ensure best that there is no dominating opinion during
an expert review?
Peer review
SWOT analysis
Delphi technique
Monetary value calculation
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16. You are running a project for a customer based on a cost-reimbursable contract with the
following terms:
Target costs:
$ 1,000,000
Fixed fee:
Benefit/cost sharing:
$ 100,000
80% / 20%
Price ceiling:
$ 1,200,000
Which is the PTA (= point of total assumption, break point) of the project?
$1,300,000
$1,500,000
$80,000
$1,125,000
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17. During execution of a project which is performed for a customer on a T&M (time and material)
contract base, a new project manager is taking over the assignment.
He discovers that two members assigned to the project have charged time without performing
any work for the project customer. Upon further investigation, he determines that this occurred
because there have been no other project assignments open for these employees. The
customer is unaware of these facts.
What should the project manager do?
Try to find some productive work for these staff members in the project and leave them
on the team.
The best thing is to do nothing. The customer will not realize the problem anyway.
Try to find a responsible person for the over-assignment who can be made accountable.
Take the two people off the team immediately and arrange for the refund of the excess
charges to the customer.
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18. Start dates in the following network logic diagram are defined as early morning, finish dates
are evening.
If tasks are scheduled to begin at early start date, what is true?
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19. Your project is executed with a globally spread virtual team. The project progress has been
found to be too slow. Which measure is most likely to immediately speed up the project?
Technical training for all team members
Daily phone conferences and detailed reporting
A team meeting at a location convenient to all team members
Collocation of team members at a suitable place
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20. A project management team wants to procure some customized products which are available
in identical grade and quality from many vendors. What should be included in the procurement
package to ensure that their offers will be comparable?
A statement of work describing the needs of the project in sufficient detail to enable
vendors to make suitable proposals
A statement of work specifying attributes and metrics of the requested deliverables in
detail to allow vendors submission of bids
The approved project scope statement, the WBS which should be broken down to work
package level and the WBS dictionary
The risk management plan and the reports from those risk management reviews which
have been made so far
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21. Which of the following becomes increasingly important in a virtual team environment?
Requirements engineering
Communication planning
Formal procurements closure
Network diagramming
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22. You are assigned as the project manager to a project which is executed for a customer under
FP contract. Your customer informed you this morning that they insist on certain "refinements"
of the project scope.
You agree that the requested actions make really sense to the project, but believe that they
constitute a major change increasing the project scope. What should you do next?
Accept the request of the customer. Diligently document the additional costs and working
hours spent by yourself and the team on the implementation of the change and invoice
these to the customer at appropriate rates.
Perform earned value analysis to assess the current status of the project and get all the
numbers you need to communicate the case to the change control board which then will
have to make the best decision regarding the customer request.
Check the contract, the project charter, the scope statement and other documents
related to the project and the contract. Implement ADR (alternative dispute resolution)
procedures if the conflict cannot be resolved otherwise.
Talk to the project sales department and find a joint solution with them how to best
reject the request considering the commercial and strategic value of the customer to the
organization you are working for.
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23. A prime contractor in a customer project under CPFF contract has run into unexpected technical
problems. Fixing them will require a lot of additional work to be done.
The company made a decision to book more staff and equipment from their subcontractors in
order to adhere to the agreed timeline. The customer agreed to this decision.
What will most likely happen?
The contractors indirect costs will increase and the customers payment for them will
increase, too.
The contractors indirect costs will increase, but the customers payment for them will not
increase.
The contractors indirect costs will not increase, but the customers payment for them will.
Both the contractor's indirect costs and the customers payment for them will not
increase.
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24. A project management team is evaluating the causes that might contribute to unsatisfactory
performance and quality. Which of the following statements is not true?
Normal process variation is attributable to random causes and sometimes also called
"white noise".
Special causes are easier to predict and handle than random causes (also called common
causes).
Special causes are unusual events which are difficult to foresee and often produce
outliers.
A process can be optimized to limit the bandwidth of variations due to random causes.
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25. You are performing a project management audit in your company and find that most of the
project plans are neither consistent nor up-to-date.
Which of the following statements is not true?
Projects should never be executed without a valid, updated and working project
management plan.
The consistency of the project management plan is secondary because it is only the
results that matter.
A great deal of effort is required to develop and update a project plan, but the benefits
include less pressure on all stakeholders and a resulting product that will satisfy the
requirements.
Poor planning and insufficient updating of project management plans are common
reasons for cost and time overruns.
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26. You want to perform active risk acceptance. What should you do?
Create contingency reserves in resources, money and time.
Develop a plan to minimize impact in case that an identified risk occurs.
Develop a plan to minimize the probability of occurrence for identified risks.
Make additional resources available to speed up the project.
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27. A project manager made 3-point estimates on a critical path and found the following results:
Assuming 3 sigma precision level for each estimate, what is the standard deviation of the
allover path?
App. 4.2 days
App. 5.2 days
App. 6.2 days
You can not derive the path standard deviation from the information given.
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31. Activity 1 has a duration of 20 days, activity 2 of 10 days, activity 3 of 5 days and activity 4 of 6
days.
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32. Which tool and technique is used in the processes Create WBS and Define activities?
Nominal group technique
Human resource assignment
Brainstorming
Decomposition
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a
b
b, c
c, d
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35. Which statement describes best why you should document assumptions?
Assumptions might prove to be wrong. Knowing which assumptions were incorrect allows
baseline adjustments in case of project crisis.
Assumption analysis is a valuable tool and technique to explore the validity of
assumptions during risk identification.
Assumptions limit the project management team's options for decision making because
they can not be controlled by the team.
In case of schedule or budget overruns, the documentation of assumptions supports a
clear assignment of responsibility.
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37. You have recently been assigned as a project manager to a new B-O-T (build, operate,
transfer) capital project. Reviewing the initial documentation you found out that it has been
calculated with a very small margin during operations of its product for the shareholders. What
should you do?
As you are not responsible for lifecycle costing, you don't have to worry about operation
profits. Focus on project costs from initiation through handover.
Ensure maximum profits by buying the best and cheapest items, components and
modulespotentially from a big number of different suppliersand integrating them.
Create a realistic plan broken down to a sufficient level of detail. Perform all risk
management processes. Ensure real-time communications with all stakeholders.
Try to get a second project manager assigned to share decision making and
accountability to shareholders with the person.
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39. You are project manager in a global project with a team consisting of people from various
countries. What can you try to prevent misunderstandings due to cross-cultural differences?
Use all communication methods available that are suitable for the team and follow up in
writing when communicating verbally. Remember that cultural and individual diversity may
help project teams solving unforeseen problems during the course of the project.
When you are about to form a team for your project, keep in mind that some cultures are
developed, others are more primitive. Some have values, some not. You should
consequently avoid choosing members from countries with cultures that are not similar to
your own.
Cultural dilemmas can prevent any project from being successful. They should therefore
be smoothed or suppressed so as to make sure that they cannot disrupt project work.
Your effort should concentrate on communication that can help reach that goal.
As norms regarding communication habits differ significantly across various cultures,
communicating between people from different countries should only be done using
language. The nonverbal dimension simply bears too many risks.
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41. A change request in a project has been rejected some weeks ago. Yesterday, the project
manager found out that it nevertheless has been implemented by the team members, who
knew of the change request, but not of the rejection.
In order to avoid such a situation, rejected change requests should be consistently
communicated to stakeholders through which process?
Report performance
Verify scope
Perform integrated change control
Monitor and control risks
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43. According to the project plan, a contractor is scheduled to deliver some software components
today afternoon. A regular payment is due to be made to this contractor tomorrow.
You and your project team received a note this morning informing you that the software
delivery will be delayed by 2 weeks.
What should you do right now?
You should delay the payment also for 2 weeks.
You must immediately find a different contractor.
You should conduct a meeting with the contractor to resolve the delivery issues before
making the payment.
You should make the payment and reschedule the project plan.
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44. In a software company a large number of simultaneously performed projects utilize the same
groups of human and other resources.
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Program management
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45. What does the acronym RACI commonly stand for in project management?
Responsible, Accountable, to be Consulted, to be Informed
Remote, Attached, Connected, Integrated
Risk Analysis and Caution Initiative
Randomly Accessible Cashflow Information
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46. You have used estimates made by your team members and applied the critical path method to
compute a network logic diagram for your project. Then you found out that it cannot be
sufficiently optimized for scarce resources and fast progress towards a given deadline. What
should you do next?
Apply resource leveling heuristics to uncritical activities only.
Reduce estimates on duration and work efforts by an adequate percentage.
Apply Three-point estimation and critical chain project management.
Remove physical constraints and replace hard logic with soft logic.
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47. Liquidated damages (LDs) are contractually agreed payments in order to...
...give the contractor an incentive to meet an aggressive schedule or challenging quality
objectives.
...penalize the contractor for late completion of a project or failure to meet specifications.
...cover the customer's costs caused by late completion or failure to meet specifications
by the contractor.
...make a bid or proposal binding for the offerer while the customer has time to select
among various bidders.
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49. You are assigned as the project manager to a project which had a one-time cost variance in
the past caused by unexpected rework which has meanwhile been finished.
You perform earned value analysis and get the following results:
EV: 250,000; PV: 200,000; AC 275,000
BAC is 500,000.
What is right?
EAC = 550,000
EAC = 525,000
EAC = 500,000
EAC = 425,000
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50. An estimation has been made that the construction of a residential home will cost a certain
amount per square foot of living area. This is an example of what type of estimating?
Analogous estimating
Bottom-up estimating
Top-down estimating
Parametric estimating
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53. Which of the following is generally not regarded to be a motivator according to Frederick
Herzberg?
Working conditions and interpersonal relations
Responsibility for enlarged task
Interest in the task
Recognition for achievement
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54. What is true for modern project management? Project managers need...
... to have a strict standing in negotiating
... to show experience in tricking business partners
... to be team players and facilitators instead of "bosses"
... to be strongly linked to local traditions
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55. You are the project manager in an engineering project and have recently signed a contract
with a software vendor for the development of a complicated control solution. The software will
be used to control machinery equipment which your project team is currently developing. The
contract is a lump-sum contract. The contractor has target cost estimated which seem rather
low to you. Which of the following statements is not true for this situation?
It is the contractor's risk in this type of contract that their profit may vanish if costs have
been underestimated.
This form of contract should only be chosen when all the requirements for the building of
the product are well-known by all parties involved.
In a fixed-price contract, change requests can cause issues regarding additional time and
extra costs for the changes to be applied.
It is likely that your organization may have to assume any unexpected additional costs
for the software development.
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56. A review to determine whether of project activities comply with organizational and project
policies, processes, and procedures is commonly called
Quality auditing
Inspection
Quality testing
Reject screening
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58. You are the manager of your company's project management office. The company is running
many concurrent projects; most of them share a resource pool of technical staff. Understanding
how resources are utilized across projects has been found essential to overall project
performance, including cost effectiveness and profitability.
This morning you received a message that the resource pool members will be unable to
perform as planned for the next months because the overall work load has grown too high and
while delays are adding up, the morale of the staff is going down.
What should you do next?
Ensure that quantitative information for all projects is made available in a uniform and
reliable fashion and verify that the project management methodology is adhered to. Then
consolidate the information to get an understanding of the problems related with the use
of shared resources.
Implement an enterprise project management software solution which is able to level
the human resources across the various projects and which has the capability to model
resource assignment on a percentage level thus optimizing resource utilization for the
overall organization.
Do nothing related to the described problem unless you are explicitly requested by the
organizations upper management. Supporting decision making on the level on which
project portfolio management is done, is not the project management office's business.
Evaluate project management software which supports planning and scheduling across
enterprise-wide project portfolios. Avoid managing the availability of shared enterprise
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resources for the projects run by an organization because this is not the business of a
project management office.
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59. You have been criticized that certain specifications in your scope statement do not pass the
test for SMART objectives. What are SMART objectives?
Objectives specified in far more detail than necessary for a execution of a successful
project.
Easily achievable objectives which help you reducing the pressure on yourself and the
team.
Objectives that should be achieved in order to attain formal recognition by both the
customer and the project sponsor.
Objectives that are described using specific, measurable, assignable, realistic and timerelated specifications.
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60. You have been assigned as a project manager to a software project. While you and your team
are working on a WBS (work breakdown structure), estimations for activity durations based on
the activity list vary significantly. Which additional documents may help you clarify this
situation?
Milestone list and scope baseline.
Project schedule network diagrams and human resource plan.
Activity cost estimates and scope baseline.
Activity attributes and project scope statement.
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62. During a company event, you had the opportunity to talk to a colleague project manager. He
told you that in his current project actual costs are 15% under cumulated costs budgeted for
today.
What do you think?
The information given to you by the colleague is not sufficient to assess project
performance.
The project will probably be completed with total costs remaining under budget until the
end.
A significant cost increase during the further course of the project will probably bring the
costs back to baseline level.
Original cost forecasting and budgeting for the project must have been poor to allow this
variance.
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64. Which of the following statements describes best the relationship between project phases and
the project life cycle?
The project life cycle includes the time when the project is performed and the expected
product lifespan after that.
In project management, the sequence of project phases and phase gates is often
referred to as project life cycle.
The project life cycle is regarded as a sequence of project activities while phases are
defined to control overlapping activities.
The project life cycle describes how iterations of project management processes are used
when a project schedule is developed.
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65. Which is an appropriate order in most project situations for the development of scope-related
documents?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Feasibility study
Contract,
CWBS (contractual work breakdown structure),
Scope of work descriptions,
PID (project initiation document).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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67. An output of the process Estimate activity resources is a document called "activity resource
requirements". It identifies the types and quantities of resources...
...while the term resources is limited to equipment and materials.
...required for each activity in a work package.
...while the term resources is limited to human resources.
...to be obtained solely from the performing organization.
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68. What is not the purpose of configuration control when configuration management is applied in
a project?
Verification that the configuration identification for a configuration item is accurate,
complete, and will meet specified program needs.
Ensuring that proposed and approved changes to configuration items are fully analyzed.
Ensuring that proposed and approved changes to configuration items are fully
documented.
Managing and controlling the frequently requested changes to a project by applying
agreed rules.
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69. Which statement describes best the meaning of the term cost baseline?
A cost baseline is always created by translating time-phased cost information into cost
data on activity or work-package level.
A cost baseline is an approved time-phased budget that will be used to measure and
monitor cost performance on the project.
Data to draw a cost baseline can be easily generated and updated as necessary from
information related to actual project cost.
A cost baseline is usually displayed in the form of an inverse S-curve drawn from the
beginning of the project until data date.
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70. Which is not true in regard of RoI (return on investment) for a project?
It defines the cumulated net income from an investment at a given point in time or during
a defined period.
It includes investment, direct and indirect costs and may include allowances for capital
cost, depreciation, risk of loss, and/or inflation.
It is most commonly stated as a percentage of the investment or as a dimensionless
index figure.
It is the time when cumulated net income is equal to the investment.
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71. A project sponsor requested earned value data on two concurrent projects from the project
managers. Both projects are regarded as equally important and strategically beneficial and
have been finished by over 80%. He received the following information:
Project A:
PV: $1,800,000
EV: $2,300,000
AC: $2,100,000
Project B:
PV: $2,000,000
EV: $1,500,000
AC: $1,600,000
The sponsor considers to shift some resources from project A to project B to speed up the
second project which is currently behind schedule.
What is the most likely outcome of such a measure?
Changing team assignments during late course of a project typically increases cost
efficiency.
Changing team assignments during late course of a project typically increases time
efficiency.
According to the law of diminishing returns, the consolidated cost variance of the two
projects will decrease.
According to the law of diminishing returns, the consolidated cost variance of the two
projects will increase.
See references
72. Which of the following statements describes best the relationship of quality and grade?
Low grade is always a problem; low quality may be overcome by a good rework and
repair process.
Grade is a category or rank given to entities having different functional requirements but
the same need for quality.
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Both quality and grade can often be improved through intelligent measuring, testing and
examining.
Low quality is always a problem as it bears on the ability of an item to meet
requirements; low grade may sometimes be acceptable.
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See references
73. Network templates which contain only portions of a network are often referred to as
Sub-networks or fragment networks
Subprojects
Programs
WBS items
See references
74. You have been asked to calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) of a project? What will you
assess?
The time period needed to pay back the investment from a project when future income is
discounted.
The inherent discount rate or investment yield rate produced by the project's deliverables
over a pre-defined period of time.
The rate of negative risk that can be accepted for a project without turning the expected
net present value negative.
The expected benefit from a projects deliverable calculated as a percentage of the
original investment over a specified time period.
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See references
75. You have just created the following network logic diagram to describe the planned flow of
activities for your project which will start tomorrow:
Which potential inconsistency in the diagram should you solve right now to ensure that the
activities and the milestones "Start" and "A-F finished" are correctly linked?
Activity E is open ended (a "dangle") in relation to the finish milestone path convergence.
Activity F is open ended in relation to the path divergence after the start milestone.
You cannot calculate a critical path when lags and/or leads are calculated in percent.
Activities E to F need another task drawn as a hammock to calculate level of effort.
Result:
of 75,
N otes :
Solve Sample T es t button, the correct answers will be highlighted in blue c olor above in the
ques tions & ans wers s ec tion.
- P M I made a dec is ion in 2 0 0 6 to not publis h pas s ing s c ores for the exams any more. T he ac tual s c ore is es timated to be
between 7 0 % and 7 5 % . I rec ommend to target 75% results or better in this and all other diffic ult prep tes ts you are taking,
8 2 % in s imple tes ts .
I am...
...generally interested in the PMP
certification.
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