Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Power System
Protection
13-17 July 2015 | Harare, Zimbabwe
CONTENTS
Course Overview 3
About the Course Facilitator 5
Switchgear Day 1 6
Switchgear Day 2 7
Power System Protection Day 1 8
Power System Protection Day 2 10
Power System Protection Day 3 12
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
Course Overview
Protecting assets to minimize electrical disruption is vital in every business daily operations.
The protection of switchgears (and circuit breakers) and power system is an integral part of
ensuring quality electrical distribution and performance. Without planned protection, faults
are bound to occur more frequently and may cause serious damages to the business. In
most cases, these faults will result in disruption of normal functioning of a system, which will
cause high stress-levels to the electrical conductors and connected equipment thermally
and electro-dynamically.
The solution to electrical disruption and faults is to create a right protection system for
switchgear and the power system. With efficient protection, faults may be detected
in advance to mitigate risks and reduction in downtime. In addition to creating a wellrounded protection plan and maintenance strategies for switchgears and power systems,
this intensive 5-day programme zooms in to the installation, testing and commissioning of
switchgears to allow participants to take away practical solutions to overcome their day-today challenges in operations and maintenance of equipment.
Benefits of Attending
Learn to identify and select the appropriate types of switchgears and transformers for
maximum efficiency
Appreciate the design principles and operational elements of switchgears and power
systems
Detail the practical maintenance strategies for switchgear and power systems
Master the setup of switchgear and power system protection schemes and testing
procedures
Manage faults and breakdowns effectively to minimize disruption
Assessing real-life case studies, types of power system faults and learning from past
experiences in electrical and equipment failures
Selecting types of protection in power system by assessing a variety of methods and adopting
them in the right setup
As the installation of high voltage distribution and transmission equipment increases due to
the ever-growing global demand for power, there is increasing need to ensure the reliability
of the operations of power systems. Power transformers are among the most important
and most expensive components of power systems. Their failure can impose extraordinarily
high costs on plants, factories and utilities of all descriptions. It is critical that all personnel
operating and working with such equipment have a sound knowledge of their operational
requirements and maintenance.
This intensive program focuses on the essential components of power systems; which are
the transformers and switchgears, and provides deeper understanding of what is involved
in the maintenance and asset management of these components. This is to ensure that the
power systems are in tip-top condition and to prevent unexpected interruption.
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
Project engineers
Electrical engineers
System operators
Design engineers (junior & senior)
Project managers
Asset management engineers
Planning engineers
Transformer & switchgear maintenance staff
Protection, instrumentation and control engineers
Draftspersons in substation design sector
Also suitable for Relevant personnel in power utilities, power generation, transmission
companies, and consultant companies responsible for engineering, commissioning,
operation and maintenance of substations.
Workshop Methodology
Highly interactive program with associated role plays, videos and case studies using an
experiential learning training approach.
Pre-Course Questionnaire
Behrouz started his career in the oil and gas industry where his role got him involved
in the maintenance and repair of electronic and navigational marine equipment (VHF and
SSB radios, Sat Nav, engine control panels etc). He then moved to the power industry
and was involved in the design, installation, and commissioning of substations mainly for
consultancies and utilities. He has also established a good reputation in teaching power
system protection over his long term services lecturing at Curtin University, and also over
the period he worked as a Protection Engineer in New Zealand.
Over the past years, Behrouz has been involved in many major projects across Australia
(Port Hedland, Barrow Island, Tamar Valley, Karratha, and Newman for example). His most
recent experience is related to cost estimation and risk assessment of major substation
projects with a special focus on the secondary systems (Protection, COMMS, SCADA).
He has also worked as an Engineering Manager and Senior Project Engineer on major
copper mine projects overseas. Behrouz has also gained good knowledge in substation
design, HV cables sizing and installation, transmission system design, earthing system
design and applications, and power system protection design and applications.
Day 1
Switchgear Fundamentals
Module 2
Switchgear specifications
Module 3
Asset register
Condition based maintenance (CBM)
Reliability Centred maintenance (RCM)
Switchgear defects
Switchgear inspection
Oil testing
Maintenance of circuit breakers
End of Day 1
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
Day 2
Switchgear inspection
Switchgear installation
Switchgear type test
Switchgear routine test
Switchgear acceptance test
Switchgear pre-commissioning test
Switchgear and cable condition monitoring
Cable HVDC test
Cable low frequency test
Partial discharge (PD) test
Dielectric dissipation factor measurement
Micro destructive and non-destructive tests
Module 5
Types of faults
Earthing systems
Switchgear fuse protection
Current transformer (CT)
Voltage transformer (CT)
Relay technology
Overcurrent protection
Earth fault protection
Transformer differential protection
Busbar frame leakage protection
Busbar high impedance protection
Voltage control schemes
End of Day 2
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 1
Module 1
Module 2
Switchgear installation,
testing and commissioning
Relay protection,
testing and commissioning
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 1
Module 3
Module 4
Fuse protection,
testing and commissioning
Fuse link
Fuse protection applications
Fuse link characteristics
Fuse rated current
Minimum fusing current
Rated current vs. min fusing current
Pre-arcing time
Arcing time
Total operating time
Rupturing capacity
Fusing factor
Prospective current
Cut-off current
Prospective current vs. cut-off current
Fuse cut-off characteristic
Fuse TCC curve
Fuse protection - pros & cons
Fuse selection
Fuse short circuit protection
Fuse overload protection
Selection of HV fuses
Fuse speed ratio
Transformer fusing ratio
Transformer fuse protection
Cut-out fuse
vv K type
vv T type
vv Minimum melting time
vv Maximum total clearing time
Powder filed (= HRC, drop-out) fuse
Current limiting fuse
Cut-off characteristic curve
Fuse-fuse coordination
vv Method 1
vv Method 2
vv Example
Fuse recloser coordination
vv Fuse saving method
vv Fuse burden method
vv Example
Feeder protection,
testing and commissioning
End of Day 1
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 2
Module 5
Module 6
Three-phase windings
vv Star winding connections
vv Delta winding connections
vv Zigzag winding connections
Ungrounded systems
Solidly earthed systems
Resistance earthed systems
Reactance earthed systems
Impedance earthed systems
Neutral earthing compensator (NEC)
Instrument transformers
Current transformer (CT)
Residual currentFusing factor
CT specifications
vv Rated primary current
vv Rated secondary current
vv CT ratio (CTR)
vv Accuracy limit factor (ALF)
vv CT burden
vv Knee point voltage
vv CT accuracy class
CT equivalent circuit
CT knee point
CTR and ALF
CT error
CT burden
CT polarity
Open circuiting CTs on load
CT accuracy class P
CT accuracy class X
Metering CT
Protection CT
Interposing CT
Single-phase parallel CTsummation CT
Combined CT/VT
Voltage transformer (VT)
Residual voltage
Neutral displacement voltage
VT error
VT accuracy class metering vs.
protection
VT fuse protection
Capacitive voltage transformer (CVT)
Factors affecting O/C pickup setting
Earthing systems,
instrument transformers,
Transformer protection,
testing and commissioning
Transformer protection
Transformer protection features
SEL387 Diff & O/C protection
Unit protection
v v Balanced earth fault
v v Neutral earth fault
O/C protection vs. unit protection
Differential protection
vv Balanced circulating current system
vv Opposed voltage system
Restricted earth fault (REF) protection
E/F & REF protection combined
High-set instantaneous O/C protection
Transient overreach
O/C protection summary
E/F protection summary
Transformer O/C & E/F protection
Transformer O/C IDMT & instantaneous
protection combined
Transformer unrestricted E/F protection
REF protection at transformer HV side
REF protection at transformer LV side
Zero sequence elimination
Phase and ratio correction
Phase correction settings
Unit protection - interposing CT
Transformer differential & REF protection
combined
Transformer overload protection
v v Pressure relief
v v Buchholz relay
Transformer inrush current
Small transformer protection scheme
(1MVA and below)
Medium size transformer protection
scheme (between 1MVA and 5MVA)
Large transformer protection scheme
(Above 5MVA)
Fault distribution
10
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 2
Module 7
Module 8
Directional relays
instrument transformers,
Need for directional relays
Radial feeders supplied at two ends
Parallel feeders
Parallel feeders with one source
Parallel feeders with tie-buses
Ring main system
Practical example
Establishing the direction
Maximum torque angle (MTA)
Selection of RCA
Generator protection,
testing and commissioning
Generator faults
Generator protection features
Generator differential protection
Effect of CT mismatch
Effect of strong external faults
Solution to relay instability
Stabilising resistor
Metrosil
Generator biased differential protection
Generator overall differential protection
Stator neutral overvoltage protection
Generator backup protection
Generator full protection
Protection of generator transformer
End of Day 2
If you are interested in attending, contact Daud daud@capsource.com.my
or call +603 2630 6100
11
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 3
Module 9
Module 10
Busbar protection,
tele-protection teleprotection
Transformer feeder
protection, distance
protection
12
POWER SYSTEM
PROTECTION
Day 3
Module 11
Module 12
Motor protection
Smart grid,
Motor operation
Synchronous speed
Slip
Motor equivalent circuit (AC induction
motor)
Common motor faults
Motor overload protection
Motor relay protection
Motor stalling
Start/stall protection
Motor protection main features
Thermal overload protection
Motor short circuit protection
Motor undervoltage protection
Motor out-of-step protection
Motor protection schemes
End of Day 3
13
Switchgear
13 - 14 July 2015
USD2,995
DAUD
USD 3,995
Fax :
+603 4131 6700
Tel :
+603 2630 6100
Email : daud@capsource.com.my
Harare, Zimbabwe
13 - 17 July, 2015
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