Introduction to basics of the

electronics components
Robotics Activities

Ahmed Farag

Agenda
Resistors
Capacitors
Transistors
Diodes - LEDs

Electronic elements
Resistors
Capacitors
Transistors
Diodes - LEDs

Resistor ( resistance )
An electrical device that resists the flow of
electrical current , measured by ohm ( )

Model

Symbol
-for more info

http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/resistors.htm

Resistors - Continued
What can a resistor do ?
Resistors can help divide voltages, and when
combined with other elements can help convert
voltages for a specific electrical design.
Resistors can also be used to provide intense light
or heat.
For example, the heating element in a household
cooking range is a resistor, as is the tungsten
filament in a common incandescent lamp.

Resistors - Continued
Types of Resistors

carbon
metal oxide
coil

Resistors - Continued

Resistors - Continued
How to read the resistance value ?

Resistors - Continued
Connection and value of resistance

Capacitor (condenser)
The capacitor is a device for storing an electrical
charge measured by microfarads ( )

Model

Symbol
-for more info
http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/capacitor.htm

Capacitor - Continued
What can a capacitor do ?
Fixed-capacity and variable-capacity
capacitors are used in conjunction with
coils as resonant circuits in radios and
other electronic equipment. Large
capacitors are also employed in power
lines to resonate the load on the line and
make it possible for the line to transmit
more power.

Capacitor - Continued
Capacitor types:
Air
Mica
Ceramics
Paper
Oil
vacuums

Capacitor - Continued

Capacitor - Continued
Connection and value of capacitance

Transistors
A device used to amplify a signal or open
and close a circuit (switch) . In a
computer, it functions as an electronic
switch

Model

Symbol
-for more info

http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/transistor.htm

Transistors - Continued
What can a transistor do ?
Transistors are used as amplifiers,
oscillators, or switches in communication,
control, and computer systems.

Transistors - Continued
Transistors types

Transistors - continue

Transistors - Continued
Connecting Transistors

Diodes
Diode, electronic device that allows the
passage of current in only one direction

Model

Symbol

Diodes - Continued
What can a diode do ?
Because this electronic device allows passage of
current in only one direction , it is used in
rectification, process of converting an alternating
current (AC), which flows back and forth in a
circuit, to direct current (DC), which flows only in
one direction. Light-emitting diodes are used in
many common devices, such as the tuning
indicator on a radio. Any number from 0 to 9 may
be displayed on a seven-segment arrangement (an
arrangement often used on calculators and digital
watches), in which each LED lights one segment.

Diodes - Continued
Types of Diodes:
Junction-type diodes consist of a junction of
two different kinds of semiconductor material.
The Zener diode is a special junction-type
diode, using silicon, in which the voltage
across the junction is independent of the
current through the junction. Because of this
characteristic, Zener diodes are used as
voltage regulators. Another special junctiontype diode is used in solar cells; a voltage
appears spontaneously when the junction is
illuminated.

Diodes - Continued