You are on page 1of 22

CDM projects development

activities in India
Vivek Kumar
TERI
26 July 2005

What is CDM?
One of the three flexibility mechanisms in the
Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC

Joint Implementation

International Emission Trading

Clean Development Mechanism

Purpose

Assist developing countries in achieving sustainable


development

Contribute to the ultimate objective of the Convention,


and

Assist developed countries in achieving compliance


with their QELRCs

The UNFCCC
Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations
in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent
dangerous anthropogenic interference with the
climate system
Such a level should be achieved within a timeframe sufficient
to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to CC
to ensure that food production is not threatened and
to enable economic development to proceed in a

sustainable manner

The Kyoto Protocol

Adopted at CoP3 in Kyoto, Japan, in Dec.


1997
Provides legally binding commitments for
ICs to return their GHG emissions to an
average of approx. 5.2% per cent below their
1990 levels during the 2008-2012
Target gases CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs,
SF6

Reduction commitments
Countries

QELRCs
Percentage of base year
or period

USA
UK
Canada
EC
Germany
Japan
Netherlands

93
92
94
92
92
94
92

Status of Kyoto Ratification


Percentage contribution to the total carbon dioxide emissions of
Annex I Parties in 1990

Countries

%age

Status

USA

36.1

---

Russia

17.4

Ratified Nov 2004

Japan

8.5

Accepted 06/02

Germany

7.4

Ratified 05/02

UK

4.3

Ratified 05/02

Canada

3.3

Ratified 12/02

Italy

3.1

Ratified 05/02

Poland

3.0

Ratified 12/02

Kyoto Protocol mechanisms


Annex I countries

Clean development
mechanism
Emissions trading
Joint implementation
Domestic actions

Present 2012
day
(bau)

2012
(KP)

Value of all transactions in the carbon market in 2004 is


estimated to be 360 million Euros (Point Carbon)
Source: WB CF Assist

Source: WB CF Assist

Source: WB CF Assist

CDM project cycle

+ Stakeholder comments

Source: UNFCCC

CDM Project Cycle


PD
NCDMA

Baseline
M&V Plan
EIA
St. Consul
Contracts

PIN/PCN & PDD


Host country approval

Participation
EIA
Baseline & ER
M&V Plan

OE

Validation

EB

Registration

PD

Financing & Implementation

PD

Monitoring

OE

Verification &
Certification

On-site Inspection
Review Monitoring
GHG Reductions
Verification Report

Issuance

EB

CDM project and methodology approval process


Emission reduction from a CDM project activity

Large scale CDM

Approved
Consolidated
Methodologies

PDD

Small scale CDM

Approved
Methodologies

New
Methodologies

EB approved
methodology
Validation
Registration

Simplified
methodologies

SSC-PDD

HCA approval process


Submission of PCN & PDD
by the project proponent to
NCA
NCA Composition
Chairperson: Secretary, MoEF

Desk Review of documents by


NCA
NCA
proposes
to meet
once a
month

Presentation by project
proponent during the NCA
meeting

Clarification/additional
information by the project
proponent, if required by NCA
at the NCA meeting

Approval
letter
issued

Members (or his nominee)


Foreign Secretary
Finance Secretary
Secretary, Industrial Policy and
Promotion
Secretary, Ministry of NonConventional Energy Sources
Secretary, Ministry of Power
Secretary, Planning
Commission
Joint Secretary (Climate
Change), MoEF
Member Secretary
Director (Climate Change),
MoEF

The complete
process takes
about 60 days

State CDM Cells


in MP, AP & WB

Indias CDM potential

Seen as one of the key players for sale of CERs


Potential for
Mitigation
- Industrial
- Energy sector
- Other
Sequestration
Afforestation and reforestation activities

Potential is very large but linked to


Demand and
Frameworks and institutional support

Potential for CDM in India


GHG emissions (MtCO2)
500

400

Natcom (1994)

300

Potential for CDM in


non-CO2 GHG
emitting sectors

00-01 TERI

200

100

Residential

CommercialInstitutional

Transport

Industries

Energy and
transformation
industries

HFCs
N2O
CH4

Dominance of smallscale projects

PINs received in NSS call


Fig 5.1

Transport, 2

Industrial w aste to
NSS PINs : Percentage distribution of sectoral annual generat
use, 1
Agriculture,
1
of CERS

Fuel Sw itch, 4
Building Sector, 2
Waste to Energy,
11

Renew able
Energy, 26

1%
1%
3%
5%

0%

10%
Energy Efficiency,
17

Pow er Sector, 4

21%

59%

Power
Renewable energy
Waste to energy
Fuel switch
Energy efficiency
Transport
Industrial waste to use
Building

Methodology approval status CDM EB

Approved methodologies - 23
Approved consolidated methodologies - 4
Sectors covered

Energy industries
Energy demand
Manufacturing industries
Chemical industries
Transport - (one small scale project)
Fugitive emissions from fuels (solid, oil and gas)
Fugitive emissions halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride
Waste handling and disposal
Agriculture

Methodology approval status CDM EB

Methodologies required for following sectors

Energy distribution
Construction
Mining/mineral production
Metal production
Solvent use
Afforestation and reforestation

Methodologies/projects from India

91 projects approved by NCA, India


25 methodologies submitted from India
Number of approved methodologies 4

Biomass cogeneration
Biomethanitation of MSW
Steam optimization system
Water pumping efficiency improvements

Registered projects

12 projects in total

Small hydro - 5
Fuel switch
Wind
Landfill gas - 2
Biomass to energy
HFC decomposition 2

Thank you

You might also like