Since the return of democracy in Chile, public education has decayed due to laws

inherited from the military government. The quality of the Chilean education has
worsened, letting see the gap between public and free education and private and
expensive education.

In 2006 a huge social movement call Movimiento pingino start to fight for a
better education and to question what i the type of education that we want? And
they start to ask for radical changes in the education system. The motto of the
movement was Gratuity and quality education for all. Has been 9 years since
this happened, but there are things that steal the governed didnt do to improve
the education, there are some thing that are better, but also there are another
things that are at the same place. Students from High schools, universities and
teachers and all the citizens are asking for a change in our education system and
a public, equal and gratuity education.
From the student movement, it was demanded to create a new National System of
Education, public, free, self-governing, democratic, pluralist, intercultural and of
excellence.
1. Public because we see education as a universal social right that must be
guaranteed by the Chilean Political Constitution.
2. Free, since education is an social investment and a space for social
interactions, which allows universal access and retention of students in the
educational system.
3. Autonomous, democratic and pluralistic , to preserve the educational
process of all particular interests , whether partisan , religious or economic
nature , and to train professionals and technicians with critical awareness
and comprehensive education and contribute to the construction of
citizenship
4. Of Excellence , educating in values such as solidarity , tolerance , equality
, respect for the environment , identity and cultural and historical roots of
our society and tunes with the country's needs , both productive and
cultural . This necessarily implies ensure comprehensive student training
designed to advance the training of workers with critical skills , which
appropriates the productive processes in which they participate and
develop their work in a cooperative and collaborative way.
5. Intercultural , as we consider essential to the cultural realities of the country
including the knowledge of indigenous peoples within all levels of formal
education are recognized.
Since 2014 the government led by President Michelle Bachelet , was launched
educational reform , introducing the first projects in May 2014
This reform is developed in the following ten points:
1. Free education

Between 2016 and 2018, more than 730,000 students whose families pay today part
of the monthly payment in subsidized private schools may access to free education.
By 2018, 93% of students Chile will study in free schools.
2. With more resources from the State :
By 2016 , schools that choose to begin receiving gratuity two new funds : The new
contribution of Gratuity ( $ 5,000 the first year) and extended new SEP , for middle
class ( $ 14,000 pesos). Furthermore, there will be an increase of 20 % to the SEP
(from $ 30,000 to $ 36,000) . The State will invest about 145 thousand dollars for
each child , doubling the resources available to them today more than 50% of
students.
3. With the commitment and support of families, which is vital for the development
of children and youth. Therefore, parents and guardians may continue to voluntarily
contribute to the development of extra curricular activities. The important thing is that
this contribution will not be a requirement to choose a school. The State will ensure
the quality of education.
4. No selection :
By 2016 schools should deselect gradually. All children may apply for the school that
they wantwithout being discriminated arbitrarily and without them request evidence
or economic background.
5. With an inclusive system of admission
When the schools chosen by families have an equal number of applicants and
vacancies, all students may enter these schools automatically. If there are not
enough vacancies, schools should use a random selection system to ensure that
students selection is not arbitrary. Preference is given to siblings of students already
studying in the school and the children of workers in the schools.
6. Without profit
By 2018, schools should be organized as entities without profit, which means that
the resources should be allocated in education, and used only in that area.
7. Strengthening Public Education :
In order to strengthen the State Education , pledged 250,000 million pesos annually
exclusively for public education. This program will begin in 2016 and will run during
the years 2017 , 2018 and 2019
8. With space for educational projects of special features
Schools, prior accreditation by the Ministry of Education, that decide to have artistic,
sporting and/or highly demanding projects, may select up to 30% of their student
vacancies.
9. 9. Defending the right of students not to be expelled arbitrarily :
The law prevents the cancellation of registration for performance( the students have
the opportunity to repeat a course in basic and secondary education) . In addition,
they may not perform expulsions during a school year , except for serious offenses
that put in risk the security of the educational community

10. With a gradual transition to the new system:

The new system will implement from 2016 gradually, in order to ensure orderly
transition to a new structure of Chilean education .

Law proyects that have been submitted to date for discussion in the legislature .
1. End the profit .
Holders have until the end of 2017 to become nonprofit corporations . Civil and
criminal penalties for those who occupy subsidy and educational purposes
copayment at no sanctions. The Superintendent may perform audits and ask for
information on bank accounts that are used to manage resources.
2. End the copayment.
Copayment is removed, but states that parents may make voluntary donations, not
regular , for the schools their children attend , which should aim to strengthen the
educational project. For example , they may be used in extracurricular activities, but
will not be considered as donations .
Furthermore Recovery Fund and Strengthening Public Education was created, with $
250 billion per year between 2916 and 2019. These funds must be used in actions
that impact the development of school activities. The Ministry of Education
established by decree the mechanisms of distribution of resources and their uses.
3. End the selection .
Clause prohibiting private schools test selection is eliminated. Schools with special
or excellent educational projects, such as the " flagship high schools " , may select
up to 30% of their tuition .
Schools must choose the random system for admission. Parents must apply for
more than one school and establishing a mechanism to optimize the preferences of
families , by the Ministry of Education. Excludes general rules to special schools .
However, the draft states that the implementation of voluntary parents authorizing
interviews.
4. Early Childhood Education .
Ensuring quality education from cribs and gardens rooms .
Create a Secretariat preschool education , together with a national plan for quality
assurance of early childhood education and accreditation system.
5. Provisional Administrator.
This project seeks to protect the right to education ensuring continuity of their
studies. The law proyect creates figures provisional administrator managed and
closure of institutions of higher education . The interim manager will act when there
is a deficit institutional , academic or financial management which threatens the
sustainability of a university.
The administrator closing act when the revocation of official recognition of an
institution of higher education is decreed.

New national educational policy

Proposal from the "Master Plan"
The Master Plan is a process that seeks to match, in 120 days and through an
open, transparent and systematic civil dialogue, the basis for a new teaching
profession.
Institutions involved:
The principles of the Master Plan are contained in nearly 130 proposals presented
here. The focal points of the new educational policy are:
1. eachers to teach discipline and sound management and teaching .
2. Better initial teacher training , with more and closer links Demands With The
school reality
3. Teaching career for teachers of all establishments that receive public funding.
4. Teaching career funded by the State
5. Ascending and attractive teaching career. The teaching profession should
have clear stages of progression consider the moments of initiation,
development , and retirement.
6. Universal and formative teacher evaluation . Teacher evaluation should be a
requirement for all teachers working in institutions that receive public funds ,
and be governed by an eminently formative purpose
7. Teacher professional development to enhance educational achievements
8. Substantial improvement in earnings for current and future teachers
9.
Better teachers for the sectors most vulnerable .
10.
Significant increase and delimitation of use of non-school hours
11.
Schools and kindergartens protagonists of their development. Educational
institutions should play a leading role in designing and implementing their own
institutional plans and their teacher professional development programs
12.
Integrative and collaborative educational community in improving educational
processes and learning
13. Reduce the limit of students per room or student-teacher

* Currently Chile has an average of 75 % of teaching time and 25 % of non-teaching

time , well above the OECD average . Chile is below the OECD average results of
the PISA test, but well above the average of the richest countries in number of hours
teachers spend in front of their students.

What has been proposed by the government?

1. Selection and initial teaching training
Will attract the best students to pedagogy and develop new accreditation standards
for these university courses.
2. Induction and entry to the Teaching Profession

Through programs of guidance of professional competence for those teachers who

enter the labor market. This also reduces dropout rates among teachers who enter
the school system.
3. Teaching Career
The core of the teaching profession will be the learning process and development of
girls, children, youth and adults, and improve working conditions and salaries of
teachers of good performance, encouraging the work of the best teachers and their
continuous development.