Experiment

Aim: Measuring Enthalpy Change of solution of NaOH by experiment

Requirements: Polystyrene cup, distilled water, NaOH pellets, thermometer (0.1C),
plastic lid,
Set-up:

Recap of previous knowledge

Explain why the enthapy
change of neutrlisation of
one mole of H2SO4 is not
standard enthalpy of
neutralisation.

Thermometer (reading to 0.1C)

Plastic lid
polystyrene cup
Solution (NaOH(aq))

As an important note, the solvent is used in excess to the solute to ensure that all the solute dissolves .

Procedure:
-

Weigh an empty polystyrene cup.

Pour 100cm3 distilled water into the polystyrene cup and weigh the cup and water.
Record steady temperature of distilled water to the nearest 0.2 C.
Add a few pellets of solid NaOH which have been stored under dry conditions
quickly to the water.
Stir the mixture continuously with a thermometer immediately and start a timer
(stopwatch) to take temperature readings at regular intervals e.g 30 seconds.
Keep taking temperature reading for the next 5 minutes after the maximum
temperature has been reached.
Weigh the cup and its contents to find mass of NaOH added.

Results and calculations:

Mass of polystyrene cup
Mass of cup + water
Mass of distilled water
Mass of NaOH + cup + water
Mass of NaOH
Initial temperature of water
Final temperature of water
Temperature rise, T

= 23.0g
= 123.45g
= 100.45g
= 124.95g
= 1.50g
= 18.0C
= 21.6C
= 3.6C

H = mcT = 100.45 x 4.18 x 3.6 = 1511.57J

Moles of NaOH used =

1.5g
= 0.0375mol.
40.0gmol-1

0.0375mol of NaOH dissolve to produce 1511.57J of energy.

1.0 mol of NaOH dissolves to release

1511.57J
= 40308.53Jmol-1.
0.0375mol

To conclude, the enthalpy change of solution of NaOH is 40.3kJmol -1.

Experiment
Aim: Measuring Enthalpy Change of propan-1-ol by experiment
Requirements: Calorimeter, spirit burner, distilled water, thermometer (0.1C), plastic
lid,
Set-up:
clamp

lid

Wick

Thermometer
Calorimeter
Water
Flame
Draught Shield
Spirit burner
Ethanol

As an important note, the essential measurements carried out are:

- The mass of the fuel (propan-1-ol in this case) burnt
- The temperature rise of water
- The mass of water

Procedure:
-

Weigh the spirit burner containing the fuel (propan-1-ol). The cap on the burner
must be kept on when the burner is not lid to avoid evaporation
Pour 100cm3 distilled water into the calorimeter and weigh the calorimeter and
water.
Stir the distilled water and record its steady temperature to the nearest 0.1 C.
Place the spirit burner beneath the calorimeter. Remove the cap and light the
wick. The length of the wick is adjusted such that the material of the wick does not
burn and the flame just touches the bottom of the calorimeter.
Keep stirring the water with the thermometer until there is a temperature rise of
about 10C. Record this temperature.
Remove the spirit burner, place the cap on it and reweigh it.

Results and calculations:

Mass of water in calorimeter
Mass of spirit burner and propan-1-ol at the start
Mass of spirit burner and propan-1-ol at the end
Mass of propan-1-ol burnt
Initial temperature of water
Final temperature of water
Temperature rise, T

= 100.0g
= 86.27g
= 86.06g
= 0.21g
= 20.2.0C
= 30.9C
= 10.7C

H = mcT = 100.0 x 4.18 x 10.7 = 4472.6J

Moles of propan-1-ol burnt =

0.21g
= 0.0035mol.
60.0gmol-1

0.0035mol of propan-1-ol burn to release 4472.6J of energy.

1.0 mol of of propan-1-ol burn to release

4472.6J
= 1277885.71Jmol-1.
0.0035mol

To conclude, the enthalpy change of combustion of propan-1-ol is 1277.9kJmol -1.

Exercise: Check-up 7 page 101

HMWK: End of chap Q9 page 110