Universitatea Lucian Blaga Sibiu

Facultatea de Drept, Specializarea Drept

Invatamant la Distanta

STUDENT: ASANDULUI M. IRINA (casat. Telisca)

EVALUARE LA LIMBA ENGLEZA

A SHORT LIST OF LEGAL TERMS

- attorney: 1) An agent or someone authorized to act for another. 2) A person authorized to

practice law by a state following a bar examination and the meeting of other qualifying
requirements.
- appeal: A written petition to a higher court to modify or reverse a decision of a lower court
(either a trial court or intermediate level appellate court). An appeal begins when the loser at trial
(called the appellant) files a notice of appeal within strict time limits (often 30 days from the date
of judgment). The appellant and the appellee (the winner at trial) submit written arguments and
often make oral arguments explaining why the lower court's decision should be upheld or
overturned.
- Arrest Warrant: A document issued by a judge or magistrate that authorizes the police to
arrest someone. Warrants are issued when law enforcement personnel present evidence to judges
or magistrates that convince them that it is reasonably likely that a crime has taken place and that
the person to be named in the warrant is criminally responsible for that crime.
- Bar: Collectively, all lawyers qualified to practice in a given court or jurisdiction.
- Bail: The money paid to the court, usually at arraignment or shortly thereafter, to ensure that an
arrested person who is released from jail will show up at all required court appearances. The
amount of bail is determined by the local bail schedule, which is based on the seriousness of the
offense. The judge can increase the bail if the prosecutor convinces him that the defendant is
likely to flee (for example, if he has failed to show up in court in the past), or can decrease it if
the defense attorney shows that the defendant is unlikely to run (for example, he has strong ties
to the community by way of a steady job and a family).
- Bribery: The crime of giving or taking money or some other valuable item in order to
influence a public official (any governmental employee) in the performance of his or her duties.
Bribery can also involve corrupt dealing with the employees of a business competitor in order to
secure an advantage.
- Court: Any official tribunal presided over by a judge or judges in which legal issues and
claims are heard and determined.

- Law: system of regulations to govern the conduct of the people of an organization,

community, society, or nation.
- Judge: An official with the authority and responsibility to preside in a court, try lawsuits, and
make legal rulings.
- Procedural Law: Law that establishes the rules of the court and the methods used to ensure the
rights of individuals in the court system. In particular, laws that provide how the business of the
court is to be conducted
- Prosecutor: A lawyer who works for the local, state, or federal government to bring and
litigate criminal cases.
- Slander: An untruthful oral (spoken) statement about a person that harms the person's
reputation or standing in the community. Because slander is a tort (a civil wrong), the injured
person can bring a lawsuit against the person who made the false statement. If the statement is
made via broadcast media -- for example, over the radio or on TV -- it is considered libel, rather
than slander, because the statement has the potential to reach a very wide audience. Both libel
and slander are forms of defamation.
- Treason: The crime of betraying one's country. Treason requires overt acts and includes
attempts to make war against the state, sharing government secrets with other countries,
espionage, or materially supporting the enemies of one's country.
- Trial: The examination of facts and law presided over by a judge, magistrate, or other person
with authority to hear the matter (such as a lawyer appointed to hear the case). The trial ends
when the jury reaches a verdict, or when they fail to do so and the judge declares a mistrial.
- Verdict: A jury's decision after a trial, which becomes final when accepted by the judge.

Bibliography:
Black's Law Dictionary - Free Online Legal Dictionary
Oxford Dictionary of Law by Jonathan Law and Elizabeth A. Martin, Oxford University Press,
2009
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Ed. Longman, 2009