M.E.

S INDIAN SCHOOL, DOHA-QATAR

CBSE-INTERNATIONAL
CLASS: XII

CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS AND ACTIVITY REPORT

2015-2016

M.E.S INDIAN SCHOOL, DOHA-QATAR

CBSE-INTERNATIONAL
CLASS: XII

CHEMISTRY
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
ACTIVITY REPORT
2015-2016
This

is

to

certify

that

the

activities

submitted

by..................................................................
REGNOin
requirements for the practicals

fulfillment
of the CBSE-I

of

the

grade 12 in

chemistry is a bonafide record of the work carried out under my

guidance and supervision at School

Signature of Supervisor

Signature of external Supervisor

Activities

Block 1:
Study the effect of temperature on rate of a reaction by carrying out
dissolution of sugar in water at different temperatures
Block 2.
Activity : Preparation of colloidal solution of egg albumin
Block 3
Block 4
Preparation of double salt (Potash alum)
Block 5.
Study the variation in the amount of oxalate ions in guava fruit at of
ripening.

BLOCK -1
Chemical Kinetics

Study the effect of temperature on rate of a reaction by carrying out

dissolution of sugar in water at different temperatures.
Introduction
The below are the possible factors that might affect how quickly a sugar cube dissolves in
water
-temperature of water/liquid
-Surface area of sugar
-amount of sugar in the cube
In this experiment, I will be investigating if the change in water temperature (independent
variable) would affect the time it takes for sugar to dissolve (dependent variable).
Aim
The aim of this experiment is to find out if the waters temperature would affect the time it
takes for sugar to dissolve. To do that, we would investigate the time it takes for the sugar
cube to become flat in the bottom of a beaker.
Hypothesis
I think that the warmer the water is, the faster the sugar cube will dissolve in water.
According to the Particle Theory, the warmer the water is, the more space there will be
between the water particles because they move quicker.
Apparatus
Below are the apparatus for the equipment used.
Glass beaker x1
Plastic beaker x1
Hot water 575ml
Tap water 325ml
Thermometer x1
Timer x1
Ice cubes x2

Sugar cubes x9

Method
-we will Try 3 different temperatures
-Time how long it takes for sugar to become flat on the bottom of the beaker
-Mix tap water, hot water and ice to get different temperatures
Steps:
Fill 150ml of tap water into a beaker and measure temperature with a thermometer
Drop a sugar cube (3g) into 100mil water and start timing until the sugar cube is flat on the
bottom
Record the time
Repeat steps 1-3 but with a different combination of hot water, tap water and ice until there is
one for every 10C starting from 30C to 50C
Fair Testing
To conduct fair testing, the controlled variables should be kept constant throughout the whole
experiment
We can control variables by using the same:
1. Thermometer
Not all thermometers are the same, and not all of them are accurate so suing the same
thermometer all the way would give the most reasonable and.
2. Same volume of water
Observation table
Sno.
Temperature
1.
30
2.
40
3.
50

Time taken
5min
3 min
1 min

Conclusion:
As temperature increases rate of dissolution of sugar increases .

Block 2
Activity : PREPARATION OF COLLOIDAL SOLUTION OF EGG ALBUMIN
AIM
To prepare colloidal solution of egg albumin.
THEORY
Egg albumin readily forms a hydrophilic sols with cold water. The sol obtained
is quite stable and it is not affected by presence of impurities.
PROCEDURE
i. Separation of egg albumin from egg was done by making a suitable sized
hole at the end. Care was taken as to pour first albumin into beaker without
disturbing the yolk.
ii. Solution was prepared by adding adequate amount of water into a beaker
containing egg white.
iii. Filtered insoluble particles and obtained a clear solution.
EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

Heat a little of clear

White coagulate was

Egg albumin coagulated

solution in it

obtained with turbid

with the action of heat

suspension
Add 2 drops of conc. HCl
to a little of sol.

Sol gets coagulated.

Egg albumin can be

coagulated by using
suitable electrolyte.

RESULT

Prepared egg albumin solution and studied its properties.

Block 3.

PREPARATION OF DOUBLE SALT [POTASH ALUM]

To prepare crystals of potash alum.[K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O]

PROCEDURE
Dissolved about 2g of K2SO4 in 20ml of water by shaking with the help of glass
rod. Similarly, dissolved about 8g of Al2(SO4)3 in 20ml of distilled water.
Warmed it and added 3-4 drops of H2SO4 to make the solution clear. Filtered it
and filtrate was mixed well with K2SO4 solution. The solution was taken in a
crystallization dish. It is kept overnight, separated the crystals and washed them
with ice cold water, later it was dried by pressing between the folds of filter
paper and weighed.
K2SO4 + Al2(SO4)3.18H2O + 6H2O --------> K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
RESULT
Crystals of potash alum was prepared.

Determine the concentration of Cl- ions in seawater

Aim To determine the concentration of chloride ions in sea water.
Equipment

eye protection
graduated flask, 100 ml
2 beakers, 100 ml
3 conical flasks, 100 or 250 ml

burette and burette stand

white tile
pipette (10 ml) and safety filler
small filter funnel

Materials

sea water
potassium dichromate (VI) solution (usual bench concentration)
0.05 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution (8.48g in 1 L)

Background information to the reactions involved

Every litre of sea water contains 35 g of dissolved salts, though the amounts vary according to the
locality. Many different ions are present in sea water; the commonest cation is Na + and the
commonest anion is Cl- the concentration of which you are going to determine in this experiment.
The method used to detect Cl- ions is titration with silver nitrate solution of known concentration.
Silver ions form insoluble silver chloride when added to a solution containing chloride ions:
Ag + (aq) + Cl- (aq)

AgCl (s)

By adding silver ions until silver chloride is no longer precipitated, the amount of chloride in a solution
can be found. Potassium chromate(VI) can be used to indicate the end-point of the titration - the point
at which all chloride ions have been precipitated. Silver ions combine with chromate ions to form a red
precipitate of silver chromate (VI):
2Ag+ (aq) + CrO42- (aq)

Ag2CrO4 (s)

When both chloride ions and chromate ions are present, however, no silver chromate is precipitated
until all chloride ions are removed. The sudden appearance of red silver dichromate therefore
indicates the end-point of the titration.

Procedure
Silver nitrate is expensive and is normally used in fairly low concentrations. In this titration
you will use 0.05 M AgNO3 (aq). To obtain sensible results, it is therefore first necessary to
dilute the sea water ten-fold to give a concentration of chloride ions comparable to that of the
silver ions.
1. Pipette 10 ml of sea water into a 100 ml graduated flask.
2. Make up to the mark with distilled water, stopper the flask and mix thoroughly.
3. Pipette 10 ml of the diluted sea water into a conical flask and add about 10 drops of
potassium chromate indicator.

8
4. Rinse a burette with a silver nitrate solution, then fill it with the solution.
5. Titrate the sea water in the conical flask against the silver nitrate solution from the
burette until a reddish tinge just begins to appear.
6. You may the find the end-point a little difficult to detect so it is best to carry out a rough
titration first and keep the result to remind you of the end-point colour when carrying out
later accurate titrations.

Propagation of uncertainty on the concentration of Cl- (aq) in seawater

investigation
Quantitative data
Table showing volume of AgNO3 (aq) needed to react with all Cl- (aq) in seawater
sample

Final volume
Initial volume
Volume added

Rough titration

Titration 1

Titration 2

Titration 3

15.00
0.00
15.00

16.00
0.00
16.00

15.90
0.00
15.90

16.00
0.00
16.00

Calculation of Cl- (aq) in sample seawater

M1=0.05M AgNO3
V1=16ml
M2(concentration of Cl- ) =
V2=10ml

ratio Ag+ (aq) : Cl- (aq) = 1: 1 so number of moles of Ag+ (aq) = number of moles of
Cl- (aq)