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ASSIGNMENT

INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES
Instructional resources are key resources used by teacher
every day to help students acquire knowledge.From textbooks
to library books to web sites,a wide variety of resources are
available tohelp teachers meet the needs and pique the
interests of their students.At the same time,there remains a
major role for student use of textbooks and for instructional use
of demonstrations, films, videos, slides, and overhead
transparencies. Instructional resources usually fall into one of
two categories: student-centred and teacher-centred. In the
student-centred model, instructional resources can be used for
tutorials,problem solving,discovery, and review.In the teachercentred model,resources are used for presentations of
supplementary or primary material in the classroom as
described in some example.
TEXTBOOK
A textbook is a teacher in print.When an ordinary book contains
a base statement of knowledge the textbook is armed with
various teacher- learning techniques and motive.It is normally a
written book which contains selective and systematic
knowledge presented in sequential form, the study of which in
provide learning experiences required for the mastery of the
curriculum.
.textbooks provides useful guidelines which could help the
teacher in day to day teaching.
.Textbook is the most accessible
inferencebook,and all time companion.

guide,

dependable

.Textbookmakes self-learning possible. Good textbook provides

material in a systematic and comprehensive form.
.A good textbook help to form correct understanding of basic
concepts and principles of commerce.
WORKBOOK

Printed material accompanying a course text that contains

exercises, problems, and practice material to clarify and
reinforce the lessons presented in the textbook. Workbooks are
often used in schools for younger students, either in middle
school or elementary school. They are favoured because
students can work directly in their books, eliminating the need
for looseleaf and copying questions from a textbook. The term
workbook is also used to describe other compilations of
questions that require the reader to complete scratch-work
when dealing with higher-level mathematics. It can also be
used as a training tool for certain job positions.
HANDBOOK
A handbook is a type of reference work, or other collection
of instructions, that is intended to provide ready reference. A
handbook is a treatise on a special subject. Nowadays it is often
a simple but all- embracing treatment, containing concise
information and being small enough to be held in the hand. A
handbook is sometimes referred to as a vade mecum or pocket
reference that is intended to be carried at all time.
SOURCEBOOK
The term sourcebook is used to describe many different kinds
of book such as collections of core articles, bibliographies,
biographies, printed archival sources, directories and so on.
There seems to be no consensus in the application of this term
a collection of writings and articles on a particular subject,
especially one used as a basic introduction to that subject .The
sourcebook for teaching is designed to complement any
secondary school curriculum. Teachers will find ready- to- use
demonstration, illustrations, games puzzles, analogies, lessons,
activities, and strategies, as well as explanations of how to
adapt for learners and student.
CARTOONS
A cartoon is a form of two-dimensional illustrated visual art.
While the specific definition has change over time, modern
usage refers to a typically non-realistic or semi-realistic drawing
or painting intended for satire, caricature , or humor , or to the

artistic style of such works . An artist who creates cartoons is

called a cartoonist.
1.Grads attention
2. Generates participation
3.Develops skills
IT ENABLED INTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES:
VIDEOS
Teachers who use instructional video report that their
students retain more information, understand concepts
more rapidly and more enthusiastic about what they are
learning. With video as one component in a thoughtful
lesson plan, students often make new connections
between curriculum topics, and discover links between
these topics and the world outside the classroom.
Videos is uniquely suited to:
.Take students on impossible field trip.
*Take students around the globe
*Engage students in problem solving
*Provide a common experience for students to discuss
VIDEO AS A FLEXIBLE A TEACHING MEDIUM
The more interested and engaged students are and the
more interactive each learning session is the more
students will enjoy learn from and retain information from
the lesson.
Video provides a means of interactive instruction
and is a very flexible medium. Having the ability to stop
start and rewind is absolutely invaluable. It provides the
option to stop each video and challenge students to
predict the outcome of a demonstration and elaborate on
or debate a point of historical reference.
You tube resources
School leaders ,teachers and parents should consider
either unblocking or at least trying out .

You tube for schools for teachers because it is a free way

to make lessons come alive. The price is right and all you
need is a wi-fi connection and at least one device.
Why you tube rocks the classroom
*Students are more engaged through visually stimulating
videos and presentations
*Educational lessons are easily shared across the globe
*Student can easily upload their own videos to
demonstrate understanding
*Students or the whole classroom can create video replies
to each other
*Videos can supplement lessons for students
*Teachers can spend more time focussing on students and
less time explaining the complex topics
*Teachers will have a library of free information to help
explain just about anything
If students and teachers are to receive the maximum
benefits from the use of video in education, the video
should be supported by a selection of other tools and
resources that enable each topic to be fully investigated
and explored.
Animations
Animation is the process by creating the illusion of motion
and shape change by means of the rapid display of a
sequence of static images that minimally differ from each
other.
Animations can be recorded on either analogue
media, such as a flipbook ,motion picture, film video tape
or on digital media

including formats such as animated GIF,flash animation or

digital video.

Filmclippings
Teachers have long used the mediaand particularly film to
accomplish various instructional objectives such as building
background for particular topics or motivating student reaction
and analysis .The appeal of visual media continues to make film
,video ,and television educational tools with high potential
impact; and they are now considerably more accessible and
less cumbersome to use .The use of film in the classroom has
become more popular since the arrival of the videocassette
recorder(VCR) with its relative economy and ease of operation.
The use of movies provides educators with a valuable tool
and means a break to traditional teaching methods .
Movies can be good tools for representing visual clues and
information. However, use of movies is limited because of
their technical and time demands . In poor countries
technical facilities are pitiable and regarding some
subjects the teaching time is so little that showing a movie
would be a waste of time .