Windings' Phase shift Angles

WindingConnection
1
2
3
4
5
6

Angle WRT

Grounding
within zone
0
NO
0
NO
-20
NO
-340
NO
0 YES
0 YES

DELTA
DELTA
DELTA
DELTA
WYE
WYE

ABC

(neg)

radians

Pxx

0
0
20
340
0
0

0
0
-340
-20
0
0

0
0
-5.9341195
-0.3490659
0
0

1
1
0.7422272
0.7422272
0.6666667
0.6666667

Transformer's Winding Configuration - magnitude compensations , phase shift factors

Winding#:
1
2
3
4
5
6

Rated(MVA)
Nom.(kV) Rated(Amps) CT (Amps) Margin
Magn.f-r
5.25
12.47
243.07
300 0.8102349
1.00
1.75
1.45
696.80
1200 0.5806684
0.47
0
0
#DIV/0!
1200
#DIV/0!
0.00
0
0
#DIV/0!
1200
#DIV/0!
0.00
0
0
#DIV/0!
3000
#DIV/0!
0.00
0
0
#DIV/0!
1000
#DIV/0!
0.00

Magnitude reference winding

PHASE REFERENCE WINDING

Pxy

Pyx

0
0
0
0
-0.39493
0
0
-0.3949
-0.33333 -0.3333
-0.33333 -0.3333

ns , phase shift factors and final coefficients

Pxx
1
1
0.74223
0.74223
0.66667
0.66667

Pxy

Pyx

Cxx-finalCxy-finalCyx-final
0
0
1
0
0
0
0 0.4651
0
0
-0.3949
0
0
0
0
0 -0.3949
0
0
0
-0.3333 -0.3333
0
0
0
-0.3333 -0.3333
0
0
0

This Excel spreadsheet presents the simulation of the UR T60/T35 transformer biased differential protection, and is built to provide customers,
with a tool for excersizing different transformer setups, and test scenarios. The simulation can be used to verify the biased differential settings, the differenti
and restraint metering on the relay, and the correct operation of the element, under test conditions.
Some rules to follow, when working with the simulation program:
1) Enter all settings and test currents only into the allocated cells!
2) Enter "0" MVA for all windings you don't use in your transformer setup menu.
3) Enter "0" angle for Winding 1, and enter the angles of the other transformer windings With Respect To (WRT) Winding 1 in negative degrees. See the ex
4) Enter the settings of the Differential/Restraint characteristic without exceeding the ranges set on the relay.
5) The magnitudes and angles of the test currents should be entered on the spreadsheet as applied on relay terminals.
For example, that if we have a 100MVA transformer, 230kV/69kV Y/D30 degrees, with CT(w1) 500:5, and CT(w2) 1000:5, and we want to
simulate balanced conditions(differential current = 0), the entered transformer setup, and the test currents for Winding 1 and Winding 2 will look as per th

Note the angles of the entered test currents for Winding 2 are shifted by 180 degrees. This shift com
inversed polarity connections of the winding CTs connected to the relay terminals. From the example

phA(W2) = -30 -180 = -210 degrees, phB(W2) = - 150-180 = -330, and for ph C(W2) = - 270-180

provide customers,
differential settings, the differential

in negative degrees. See the example below.

5, and we want to
and Winding 2 will look as per the picture below:

ed by 180 degrees. This shift comes from the

elay terminals. From the example, the angles of W2 phases will be:

0, and for ph C(W2) = - 270-180 = -90 degrees

TRANSFORMER SETTINGS AND CTs

DIFF / RSTR CHARACTERISTIC

Nomber of Windings:
2
W1
W2
W3
W4
Rated(MVA)
5.25
1.75
0
0
Nom. (kV)
12.47
1.45
0
0
Connection
DELTA DELTA DELTA DELTA
Grounding
NO
NO
NO
NO
Angle WRT
0
0
-20
-340
CT primary
300 1200
1200
1200
CT sec. tap
5
5
5
5
Inom. Prim.
243.1 696.8 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Inom.Sec.
4.051 2.903 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Rotations

ABC

W1
Magnitude
Angle
W2
Magnitude
Angle
W3
Magnitude
Angle
W4
Magnitude
Angle
W5
Magnitude
Angle
W6
Magnitude
Angle

W6
0
0
0
0
WYE
WYE
YES
YES
0
0
3000
1000
5
5
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Select Magnitude Ref. Winding:

TEST CURRENTS
IA

W5

IB

DIFFERENTIAL- RESTRAINT GRAPH

Diff. min. PKP
0.25 Slope1
28.0
Kneepoint 1
2.00
Kneepoint 2
8.00 Slope2
80.0
Pre-calculated graph points
Id/Ir, (%) Ph A
Ph B
Ph C
28.0
28.0
28.0

ACTUAL VALUES

I diff, pu
12

IC

>>Pre-calculated ratio of the point from the

characteristic, corresponding to the same
restraint as per the actual Id/Ir ratio. The trip
occurs, when the actual Id/Ir ratio,(%) is bigger
than the pre-calculated Id/Ir ratio, (%)
Magnitude Ref. Winding #:

Operating Characteristic

11

3.00
0.0

3.00
-120.0

3.00
-240.0

0.00
-180.0

0.00
-300.0

0.00
-60.0

0.00
-20.0

0.00
-20.0

0.00
-20.0

0.00
-180.0

0.00
-300.0

0.00
-60.0

10
9

DIFFERENTIAL CURRENTS
Iad
Ibd
Magnitude 0.60
0.60
Angle
0.0
-120.0

Icd
0.60
-240.0

RESTRAINT CURRENTS
Iar
Ibr
Magnitude 0.60
0.60

Icr
0.60

8
7
6
5
4

Actual Differential/Restraint Ratio

Actual
ph A % ph B % ph C %
Id/Ir ratio
100.0
100.0
100.0

3
2
1

0.00

0.00

0.00

-180.0

-300.0

-60.0

0.00
0.0

0.00
0.0

0.00
0.0

WYE NO
DELTA YES
ZIG-ZAG

DIFF. OPERATION

0
0

Slope c harac teristic s

ABC
ACB

1
2
3
4

6
Iad

7
Ibd

magn. Ref. Winding

auto
1
2
3

9
Ic d

10

11
12
I re s tr, pu

TRIP
Ia
Trip

Ib
Trip

Ic
Trip

5
6

4
5
6