Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Yadav, Head,
Training & Development
STEAM TURBINE
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Learning Agenda
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Steam Expansion
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DR =
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Impulse Turbine
Velocity compounded
Pressure compounded
Pressure - Velocity compounded
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Reaction Turbine
Expanding steam has to be accommodated in moving
blades without any change in velocity by suitably
increasing the space in the blade down stream, which is
very difficult and hence no steam turbine is constructed to
be pure reaction turbine.
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Turbine Blade
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Vector Diagram
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Stationary Diaphragm
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TG Foundation
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IP Cylinder of a
500 MW Unit
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STEAM FLOW
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Rotor Expansion:
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Casing Expansion
The bearing pedestals are anchored to the foundation by
means of anchor bolts and are fixed in position. The HP
and IP turbines rest with their lateral support horns on the
bearing pedestals at the turbine centerline level. The HP
and IP casings are connected with the bearing pedestals
by casing guides which establish the centerline alignment
of the turbine casings. The axial position of HP and IP
casings is fixed at the HP-IP pedestal. Hence, when there
is a temperature rise, the outer casings of the HP turbine
expand from their fixed points towards Front pedestal.
Casing of IP Turbine expand from its fixed point towards
the generator.
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Casing Expansion
The LP Turbine outer casing is held in place
axially, at centre area of longitudinal girder by
means of fitted keys. Free lateral expansion is
allowed. Centering of LP outer casing is provided
by guides which run in recesses in the foundation
cross beam. Axial movement of the casings is
unrestrained. LP Casing expands from its fixed
point at front end, towards the generator at centre
area of longitudinal girder by means of fitted
keys. Free lateral expansion is allowed.
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Rotor Expansion
The thrust bearing is housed in the rear bearing pedestal
of the HP turbine. The HP turbine rotor expands from the
thrust bearing towards the front bearing pedestal of the
HP turbine and the IP turbine rotor from the thrust bearing
towards the generator. The LP turbine rotor is displaced
towards the generator by the expansion of the shaft
assembly, originating from the thrust bearing.
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Qms*(Hms-H7) + (Qms-q7)*(H7-Hcrh)
IPT
+ Qrh*(Hhrh-H5) + (Qrh-q5-qd)*(H5-H4)
+ (Qrh-q4-q5-qd)*(H4-H3)
+ (Qrh-q3-q4-q5-qd)*(H3-H2)
LPT
+ (Qrh-q2-q3-q4-q5-qd)*(H2-H1)
+ (Qrh-q1-q2-q3-q4-q5-qd)*(H1-Hexh)
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Velocity Vector
Diagram for ImpulseReaction Turbine
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Degree of Reaction
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DR =
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Stage Efficiency
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Internal Losses
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Thank you
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