1/20/2016

RadioFrequencyInterference
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RadioFrequencyInterference

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RadioFrequencyInterference

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Interferenceistheeffectofunwantedenergyduetooneoracombinationofemissions,radiations,inductionsupon
receptioninaradiocommunicationsystem,manifestedbyanyperformancedegradation,ormisinterpretationor
lossofinformationwhichcouldbeextractedintheabsenceofsuchunwantedenergy.
TypesofInterference:
Naturalphenomenaadverselyaffectingtheelectromagneticwaves
Lightning
Staticelectricity
Thermalshot
Solarradiation
hurricanes
Electricandmechanicalappliances

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Theeffectofsomecomponentsofelectriclightbulbs(fluorescent).Whensuchcomponentsdonotworkefficiently,
theyproduceelectricsparkresultinginnegativeimpactoncommunicationsequipment.
Theimpactoftherotaryengines,causingrandomelectromagneticwaves,interferingthetelecommunication
equipments.
NonRadiosources
ExamplesofsomeunauthorizedequipmentviolatingTelecommunicationActofKingdomofSaudiArabia.
Interferencebecauseofusingthesamechannelbymorethanoneuseinthesamearea.
Interferenceresultingfromadjacentchannelsbecauseofnoncompliancewiththetechnicalparameters.
Interferenceresultingfromintermodulationbecauseofnoncompliancewiththetechnicalparameters.
Radioequipmentmalfunctioninterference.
Interferenceduetooverspillemissions.
Receiveroverloadsinterference.
OutofBandinterference.
GeneralRFnoiseinterference.
Somecommontypesofradiointerference

ReceiverOverload
Ifareceiverisnearatransmittingsystem,theRFfromthatsystemwillbetoostrongforthefirstamplificationstage
tohandle.Thetransistorssaturateandthereceiversensitivitydecreases.Additionalintermodulationproductsmaybe
createdwithinthereceiver.Sincemanycommunicationsreceivershavewidebandfrontends,theywillbeaffectedby
strongoutofbandsignalsenteringtheirantennas.Thisisnotthesameasoutofbandemissionsfromanearby
transmitter.Therearesomewaystoavoidthistypeofinterference.
Outofbandemissionsfromtransmissionsystemscloseinfrequency
Alltransmittersemitradiofrequencyenergyatfrequenciesotherthantheexactlydesiredfrequencies.Thisisknown
generallyasoutofbandemissions.Sincetheseundesiredsignalsmaybeonthedesiredreceivefrequencies,theycan
onlybeeliminatedbyfilteringtheoffendingtransmitterormovingtheoffendingtransmittertoanotherlocation.
IntermodulationproductInterference
Ifmorethanonecommunicationsystemisinstalledonasingleantenna,orifcommunicationsystemswithhigh
capacityareclosetoeachother,thefrequenciesofthesesystemswillbemixedwitheachotherortheirfrequencies
willbemixedwiththoseofmixingcircuitsinthenearbyreceiverscausingnewfrequencies,whichcancauseharmful
interferenceinreceivers.Therearesomewaystoavoidthistypeofinterference.
Sometypesofnaturalphenomenathataffectelectromagneticwavespropagation
Skip
Skipisaphenomenoncausedbytheionizationofgasesintheionosphere.Theradiofrequencyisreflectedforlong
distancesthroughthislayerandreturnstoearth,causingharmfulinterferencebetweenusesinareasseparatedby
greatdistances.Thisphenomenonismuchmoreprevalentatfrequenciesbelow30or40MHZandistimedependent.

http://www.citc.gov.sa/English/RulesandSystems/RegulatoryDocuments/FrequencySpectrum/Pages/CITCFrequencyIntervenes.aspx

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RadioFrequencyInterference

Theinterferenceusuallyoccursmoreatnightandintheevenings.
Ducting
Ductingoccurswhenairofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidityformslayersintheloweratmosphere.
Electromagneticwavesarereflectedtoallrangesattheselayersandtravelmuchfartherthannormal,causing
harmfulinterferencetofrequenciessimilarorcloseinfrequencytothelongdistances,andthisphenomenonoccurs
earlyinthemorningandendsbynoon.
GeneralRFNoise
Devicesotherthanradioequipmentcancauseradiofrequencyenergy.Typicalofitemsthatcancauseinterferenceare
arcwelders,electricmotors,faultysparkplugwires,lightning,andevenrustytowerbolts.Thesetypesofproblemscan
betrackeddownandeliminated.
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