Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ecumenical Councils-Milestones
in the Development of Catholicism
Do You Take Aspirin?
New World Society Expansion in Brazil
JANUARY 8, 1964
3,800,000
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CONTENTS
3
When Is God Pleased ,"vith Your Worship? 5
Ecumenical Councils-Milestones in the
Development of Catholicism
9
16
20
2'
26
27
29
_Romon, 13,11
Volume XLV
6est
DEFEnSE
C"'71. ~
vr~
faan
.~q~f~1
Number 1
ofthe fact--or
is it because of
::a~.i,:i~tc:;
IS morally
bankrupt and they have little more than
bondage to offer to the common people,
they protect their vUlnerable position by
taking the initiative, by attacking, by
creating "phony" issues, thus putting their
opponents on the defensive.
Not that this principle that the best de
fense is an offense applies only to military
warfare or to the cold war of political and
economic ideologies. Not at all! In all the
realms of life, wherever there is conflict,
or wherever security is threatened, it may
be confidently stated that offense, or the
attack, is better than merely a defense.
Thus this principle can be applied to
one's continuing in right conduct in spite
of the opposition of the world, the flesh
and the Devil. One of the chief factors can
tributing to wrongdoing and especially to
juvenile delinquency is idleness. Keeping
youths busy in honest, gainful work is one
of the best safeguards against their be
coming involved in crime, according to one
veteran juvenile court judge. And while
many youths complain of lack of opportunities to work, this judge has found that
invariably they could find a job if faced
with the alternative of doing so or of going
to a reformatory or a prison.
AWAKE!
Worship in Judah
Jehovah had long before
instructed the Israelites
to bring offerings of ani
mals and grain as part
of their worship to him.
He wanted them to offer these as a true expression of their deep
love and gratitude to
him. (Leviticus,
chapters 1 to 7) The
grain offering was,
in fact, a sacrifice
know that God
of thanksgiving in
was not only disrecognition of JeDoes God _pi just any fonn of
pleased but even
hovah's bountiWhat are his requirements?
angry because
ful provisions,
Are JOu living up to them?
of our worship
whereas the
would be a
whole burnt ofshock indeed, and yet these words are not fering was a fitting symbol of the complete
merely figments of someone's imagination selfdedication of an individual to God.
but were actually spoken to a very reli- When offered in a clean way from a heart
gious people over 2,700 years ago. The full of gratitude and humility, such offerprinciples that applied then still apply to ings imparted a "restful odor" to Jehovah,
millions of religious people today in Chris- like the grand sacrifice made by Noah
tendom. Although many perform regular after leaving the ark of salvation after the
deeds of devotion to God, often their global flood. (Gen. 8:21) Yet listen to the
hearts are not in harmony with their out- words of this same God centuries later
ward expressions.
through the mouth of his prophet Isaiah:
'But how can that be true?' someone
"Hear the word of Jehovah, you dictamay ask. 'Do you mean that some prayers
are rejected even though addressed to tors of Sodom. Give ear to the law of our
God? Is it possible that religious ceremo- God, you people of Gomorrah. 'Of what
nies perfonned by a regular devotee for benefit to me is the multitude of your sacmany years may have no value in God's rifices?' says Jehovah. 'I have had enough
sight? Does not God willingly accept all of whole burnt offerings of rams and the
offerings made in his name?' In order to fat of well-fed animals; and in the blood
answer these questions we shall need to go of young bulls and male lambs and heback to the eighth century before Christ, goats I have taken no delight. When you
when conditions in Judah and Jerusalem people keep coming in to see my face, who
were strikingly similar to conditions to- is it that has required this from your hand,
day. Let us see just what the situation to trample my courtyards? Stop bringing
was, as recorded in the first chapter of in any more valueless grain offerings.'''
-Isa.1:10-13.
Isaiah.
IS GOD
PLEASED
WITH YOUa
WORSHiP?
.......,?
JANUARY 8, 1964
sacrifice; and in the knowledge of GQCl are low. Juvenile delinquency is growing
rather than in whole burnt offerings." alarmingly. Dishonest practices are
(1 Sam. 15:22; Has. 6:6) How miserably winked at. Christendom has been the
the kingdom of Judah in Isaiah's day failed scene of two world wars and is the object
to please Jehovah, relying upon an empty of ridicule by non~Christian lands. Its reshell of outward formalism to hide their ligion has ceased to be a force for good
but has become divisive and weak.
spiritual vacuum!
In our day, many are the offerings made
Are these the fruits of a happy nation
in God's name for religious causes. Many "whose God is Jehovah" or of a moderntoo are the religious festivals and ceremo~ day counterpart to the Jerusalem that left
nies, and many are the prayers, both pub~ its God? (Ps. 144:15) With the backlie and private, that are offered to God. ground material already presented, you
In many lands more people attend church~ are in position to answer this question hones than before, and religion is considered a estly. We are sure you will admit that Je"must" for social status. But as we have sus' words regarding Jerusalem in his day
so strikingly seen, such outward expres~ apply equally fittingly to Christendom tosions of worship do not have any intrinsic day when he said: "This people honors me
value in themselves. They do not automat~ with their lips, yet their heart is far reically bring God's approval. In fact, when moved from me."-Matt. 15:8.
an outward "form of godly devotion" is
not a true reflection of a heart and mind Heart-searching Examination Needed
wholly dedicated to God, the ones practic~
Does this mean, though, that the
ing such are deceiving themselves if they prayers and religious devotion of every inbelieve that God is pleased with their wor~ dividual living in Christendom need be futile? By no means! Each individual needs to
ship.-2 Tim. 3: 5.
scrutinize carefully his motives and heart
attitude behind his acts of worship. It
The Fruits of Apostasy
When people leave the worship of the would be good for him to ask himself a
true God with their hearts, even though few questions, such as: When I pray, does
they may render outward acts of devotion, my prayer come from the heart? Is it a
it is not difficult to distinguish them from prayer of deep-rooted gratitude and thankstrue, sincere worshipers. When the king- giving, or do I hurry through my prayer,
dom of Judah turned their hearts away repeating the same words over and over
from Jehovah, they became degraded, im- again unfeelingly? Do I attend religious
moral and COITUpt. Bribery and drunken- meetings and celebrations with a full underness were rampant. God's true prophets standing and recognition of their signifiwere ignored or persecuted. Yes, when cance or do 1 view them merely as a duty
creatures turn away from God, their lives to be performed, a social function to be
reflect this in ungodly fruits.
attended? Are my offerings of time and
What do the fruits of Christendom to- money to God rendered out of love and
day reveal? Look around and examine gratitude for God's provisions, or do I feel
them for yourself. Along with its all~time coerced or pressured into offering them?
record of church attendance has come a Are my acts of religious devotion promptwave of crime, corruption and violence un- ed by a wholesome fear of God or by a deequaled in previous generations. Morals sire to please men and gain social prestige
JANUARY 8, 1964
-Milestones in
the Development
of Catholicism
N September 29,
1963, speaking
been changed to
before more than
eliminate lan2,000 church digguage offensive
nitaries assembled in
to Jews and
St. Peter's Basilica
Moslems. Before
in Rome, Pope Paul
his death Pope
VI formally opened
John received
the second session of the Second Ecumeni- unprecedented courtesy calls from such
cal Vatican Council. So despite Pope John's non-Catholic dignitaries as the archbishop
death in June, after which Cardinal Mon- of Canterbury, the presiding bishop of the
tini of Milan was elected to the papal Protestant Episcopal Church of the United
throne, the twenty-first ecumenical coun- States and the president of the Lutheran
cil of the Catholic Church continued on World Federation. Even a leading Commutoward its objectives. Faced with circum- nist representative, Khrushchev's own SODstances calling for internal reform, an in-law, was welcomed in Rome.
ever-growing non-Catholic population and
lt is also noteworthy that the Vatican
the imminent threat of Communism, it is sent observers to the assembly of the World
understandable that the Roman Catholic Council of Churches in New Delhi in 1961,
Church would want to continue efforts and invited non-Catholics to their present
Council in Rome. In fact, a special Secretoward reform and Wlification.
Interestingly, Pope Paul's appeal for rec- tariat for Promoting Christian Unity was
onciliation with non-Catholics was even recently established, ahd at the opening of
the Council's second session fifty-two of
more conciliatory than that of Pope John
these observer-delegates sat with the presiwhen he convened the Council's first ses- dent of this new agency in choice seats alsion on October 11 of last year. "There can most at the foot of Pope Paul's throne. The
be no doubt about the attitude of the Coun- pope warmly welcomed these representacil with regard to the great numbers of the tives from non-Catholic Churches.
separated brethren," Pope Paul said. "The
But what is behind this conciliatory atCouncil aims at complete and universal titude of the Roman Catholic Church
ecumenicity [worldwide interdenomina- toward both the Communists as well as
tional fellowship]."
the non-Catholic churches? What are her
The Roman Catholic Church has been aims? Is she really interested in practicing
following this conciliatory line for the past the pure Christianity introduced by Jesus
several years. The terms "heretics" or "dis- Christ? In order to be in better position
sidents" have been replaced by "separated properly to evaluate the motives behind
brothers," and some prayers have even her present conciliatory policy, let us ex-
JANUARY 8, 1964
E(,:Jmenical Councils
The word "ecumenical" comes from the
Greek word oikoumene, which literally
means "inhabited (earth)." An ecumeni~
cal council of the Catholic Church is there~
fore an official assembly where Catholic
bishops, prelates and dignitaries are sum~
maned to convene at a given place from
the whole inhabited earth. During the past
1,600 years there have been only twenty~
one of such councils, including the present
one, that are generally recognized by the
Roman Catholic Church as being ecumeni~
cal.
The expression from which this word
"ecumenical" comes is found in the Bible
at Luke 4:5, where Jesus rejected Satan's
offer to give him control of "all the king~
doms of the inhabited earth [oikoumene]."
Notice from this scripture that Jesus kept
separate from the kingdoms of the inhabit~
ed earth, turning down any worldly control
over them. He fully appreciated that who~
ever "wants to be a friend of.the world is
constituting himself an enemy of God."
-Jas.4:4.
But what about the Catholic Church?
Have her ecumenical councils been step~
pingstones toward conformity with the
clean, uncomplicated teachings of the Bible? Have they served to keep the Church
"without spot from the world"? (Jas. 1:
27) Or, rather, have Scriptural teachings
been sacrificed at these councils, and has
the Church sought to increase her worldly
power and influence? Let us see.
Their Beginning
The first ecumenical council was held in
325 (A.D.) at the city of Nicaea in Asia
Minor. Today the city is called Iznik, and
is located in Turkey.
10
To Restore Peace
But what circumstances developed less
than twenty years after the Church received approval by the State that necessitated Constantine's calling a council of his
bishops? It was a doctrinal issue that involved belief concerning Jesus. Toward the
close of the second century Theophilus had
used the term "trinity" in his ecclesiastical writings, and in the following century
it came into general use. While there is no
term in the Bible denoting that Jesus is
part of a three-persons-in-one god, the
trinity idea nevertheless gained widespread
popularity. Tremendous conflict resulted.
''The whole of the east was soon aftame,
JANUARY 8, 1964
fighting and rioting in one city after another," one historian observes.
So, as The Catholic Encyclopedia explains, Constantine "judged no remedy
more apt to restore peace in the Church
than the convocation of an oecumenical
council." His chief interest was the internal peace of his newly adopted Statereligion. So at Nicaea he listened as the two
factions wrangled. The presbyter Arius,
along with a minority of supporters, maintained that Christ is the Son of God, and,
therefore, could not be equal to God. "Were
he in the truest sense a son," Arius argued, "he must have come after the Father, therefore the time obviously was
when he was not, and hence he was a finite
being."
.But, on the other hand, the young archdeacon Athanasius led the majority in declaring that Jesus was "of the Father's
substance, God of God, Light of light, true
God of true God, begotten, not made, of
the same substance [homousios] as the
Father." Since, as M'Clintock and Strong's
Cyclopcedia points out, Constantine "had
at heart, for the sake of peace, the most
nearly unanimous decision which was possible, he gave his voice for the disputed
word, and declared that he recognised in
the unanimous consent of the bishops the
work of God." So with Constantine's approval this unscriptural trinitarian phraseology was adopted and was embodied in the
famous Nicene Creed.
Dispute Rages
But the dispute was far from seWed.
The decision at Nicaea did not alter the
beliefs of Arius' supporters, and after the
council these simple and much clearer
teachings gained popularity among the
populace. The comments of a contemporary observer, reported by Edward Gibbon
in his History of Christianity, give evi The Encydopedkl Americana (1929 edition), Vol. :.I
page 250.
11
dence of the zeal of the people in spreading their beliefs. "If you desire a man to
change a piece of silver," this observer explained, you are informed "wherein the
Son differs from the Father, if you ask the
price of a loaf, you are told, by way of
reply, that that Son is inferior to the Father; and if you inquire whether the bath
is ready, the answer is, that the Son was
made out of nothing."
The Roman Catholic Cardinal Newman
also commented on the popularity of Arius'
teachings among the people at this time,
saying: "A religious teaching such as
Arianism, which was clear and intelligible,
was more acceptable than doctrines which
described the Divine Being in language,
self-contradictory in its letter, and which
exacted a belief in truths which were absolutely above their comprehension."
So, for a time, Arianism gained the upper hand in many places, but with the
crowning of young Theodosius I as emperor in 379 there was a change of the tide.
The following February he issued a decree
in favor of the orthodox teaching, saying:
"Let us believe the sale deity of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; under
an equal majesty and a pious Trinity. We
authorize the followers of this doctrine to
assume the title of Catholic Christians;
and as we judge that all others are extravagant madmen, we brand them with the
infamous name of heretics."
In order to reaffirm the Catholic faith,
Theodosius summoned the second ecumenical council to Constantinople in May of
381. "The Pope was not invited," observes
E. I. Watkin in his book The Church in
Council, which carries the Church's imprimatur and nihil obstat. So, again, it was
lUlder the prevailing influence of the emperor that 'Catholic doctrine was defined.
The 'Constantinopolitan Creed strength* Causes of the
R~e
and
Successes
01 Arianillm
12
Misunderstandings Continue
Although Arianism was thus suppressed,
the complicated and unscriptural definitions as to the nature and role of Jesus
continued to cause unending misunderstandings that led -to the convoking of
succeeding councils. But at these councils
language of even greater ambiguity confused the issue, as Watkin in The Church
in Council observes: "The issues decided
in the third and fourth general councils
. .. concerning the incarnation of the Word
are not easy to make clear. For their statement involved subtleties and niceties of
language easily misunderstood and opponents d~d not always attach the same meaning to the same word."
At the third ecumenical council, in Ephesus in 431, it was decided that Mary was
indeed the "mother of God," even though
it was strongly argued that she could only
be the mother of Jesus. So the arguments
continued. In an effort to settle them the
council of Chalcedon was called twenty
years later by Emperor Marcian. Here it
was stated "that Christ was really divine
and really human; in his divinity coeternal, and in all points similar to the Father; in his humanity, son of the Virgin
Mary, born like all others, and like unto us
in all things except sin; that after his incarnation his person contained two naAWAKE!
Religious Schism
The next hWldred years saw a widening
of the rift between Rome and Constantinople, which finally led to the religiOUS Clerical Immorality
schism in 1054 that has yet to be healed.
In the ninth century, as the popes began
Although the emperor reigning at Con- to assert their supremacy over the Eaststantinople was in theory the ruler of the ern Catholic Church, their wickedness inwhole Roman Empire, by the eighth cencreased. "The Papacy was entering a tuntury it was not true in reality. At this time
the two Frankish rulers Pepin and, after- nel where Popes would for the most part
ward, his son Charlemagne became very be insignificant and some even positively
immoral," Watkin in his Catholic-approved
~C1!ntock and Strong's Oyclopredla, Vol. 6, vage 509.
JANUARY 8, 1964
13
14
~lIUQII,)",
Ull ......... ~u __
15
German chemist
in the employ of the Bayer chemical
company discovered that aspirin was
able to relieve pain and reduce fever.
He succeeded in convincing his superior of its merits and so for some
twenty years aspirin was synonymous with Bayer. At present some
sixty companies in the United States
are manufacturing aspirin pills or
pills containing mostly aspirin.
Since 1899 the use of aspirin has
steadily increased, especially in recent years. Thus in the United States
there has been a 500-percent increase
since 1935 and a 50-percent increase
since 1959. Annually the United
States spends upward of $300 million
on aspirin or on tablets containing
mostly aspirin.
Its Disadvantages
Yes, aspirin, in spite of its widespread
and versatile use, also has its disadvantages. As one medical publication, devoted
to the exploring of the harmful side effects
of drugs, well puts it: "Aspirin, one of the
most useful and the most Widely used of
17
18
although at times a hundred tablets have but tend to crumble, it is 110" longer advisable to use them.
been swallowed without fatal results.
In view of the serious side effects that
Taking aspirin for fever is also being
discoUl'aged by more and more physIcians accompany heavy and continued use of aspirin, the wise perM
on the premise that
son will keep his use
a serious condition
of aspirin at a minimay well be masked
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
mum. And while it
thereby. In fact,
Should Christian. Pray Before Imagn?
may be true that
these physicians are
Freedom to Decide Threatened.
there are always naturging patients to let
Endless Nlllht In an "Anthill."
ural ways of relieva fever take its
ing distress, circumcourse, unless it is
dangerously high, for fever is one of the stances do not always permit resorting to
body's ways of ridding itself of poisons these; besides, often the sufferer does not
and therefore is a process that should not know just what can bring him relief. Obviously, under such circumstances taking
be interfered with.
aspirin may be the lesser of two evils.
For Children?
Why are more and more people taking
Increasingly, mothers are using aspirin more and more aspirin? One reason might
to still their children. This is unwise and be that youths have found that an aspirin
that for more than one good reason. When in a cup of coffee or a cola drink gives
a child cries or whimpers, the wise mother them an unusual sense of wellbeing. An
will be concerned with getting at the other reason may be that people are less
cause and remedying the situation rather and less willing to put up with any kind of
than with merely stilling the child. Espe distress. No doubt another reason is the
dally when a small child has a fever or increase of headaches, colds and other dissome toxic condition, repeated doses, even tresses caused by overindulgence in food,
though very small, can present a danger liquor or other bodily pleasures. Certainly
because of the cumulative effect of aspirin. it is true as never before that men are
Not only are mothers increasingly feed- "lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of
ing aspirin to their children, but, increas- God." And not to be overlooked are the
ingly, children are being accidentally poi- pressures associated with earning a living
soned because of having emptied the and fear of what the future may bring.
aspirin bottle, thinking it to be candy. -2 Tim. 3:4; Luke 21:25,26.
Manufacturers have made the situation
Of course, to the extent that psychosoworse by candy-coating aspirin. Why coax matic factors are the cause of one's ills,
children to take a drug on the pretext the remedy may lie, not so much in putting
that it is candy? Aspirin should be kept an aspirin pill in one's stomach, as in exout of the reach of children, for at times ercising self-control and putting the right
they have managed to remove even safety kind of knowledge in the mind and cultitops of bottles with their teeth.
vating good mental habits. For that there
It might also be noted that one should is nothing better than the inspired Word
not keep more than a several months' sup- of God, the Bible, and the aids that help
ply of aspirin on hand. If the bottle smells one to understand it.-Gal. 5:22, 23; Phil.
like vinegar, or the pills are no longer firm 4:8.
JANUARY 8, 1964
19
~~@w~~
familiar sight of
morning glories. We
thought, "Friends
from home!" But
no, these flowers,
which abound in almost all the gardens
of the world, are
from Chile.
Our breakfast
sounded like a bo
tanical travelogue.
By
Perhaps you are saying, "Oh, yes, we
"Awoke!" correspondent know. Coffee comes from Brazil." Sorry; it
in Argentina
traces its ancestry to Ethiopia. The Bra
zilian on our table was the pineapple juice.
can you pull up your roots," Early explorers of Brazil appreciated the
asked many of our less adventureflavor of the pineapple and the ease with
some friends, as we announced we were
which it could be propagated from shoots
moving from North America to South
that withstood the long ocean voyages.
America, "and go so far away?" "And oh,
Conditioned to the sterile starkness of
my. all that strange foreign food; how will
supermarkets,
we find the native /eria8
you get used to it?"
and
mercaa.08
by
contrast exciting and in
Putting down roots has long been synteresting.
Ferias
are
open street markets.
onymous with staying in one place. But as
Each vendor displays his produce as temptwe shall soon see, many of our rooted
ingly as possible. In the large enclosed
plants have been more "adventuresome"
and more widely traveled than most of the markets known as mercados each seller
humans who either admire them as flow- has his own stall or place and lustily shouts
ers or eat them as fruits and vegetables. for the attention of passing shoppers. The
As for those "foreign" foods, North variety of fruits and vegetables is amazing,
America's diet has as varied a source as and proves to be a valuable botanical ree
does its people. And the fruits and vege- ord of indigenous plants. Here in the mer
tables eaten in Europe have homes as cado is the best place to begin our discovwidely scattered as the routes of her ex- ery of the northward odyssey of white
plorers and navigators of bygone centu potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, tomatoes,
nes. Asia and Africa have both "given" peppers, squash, beans, lima beans, pumpand "received" plants of the farflung veg- kins, grapefruit, papaya and avocados.
etable kingdom. Many of our most "typi- Their travels started from Mexico, Central
cal," most "native" foods are really our America, the West Indies and South Amergarden guests from south of the Rio ica. And at least some of them have travGrande, from the great cornucopia of what eled to the most distant parts of the earth.
we now refer to as Latin America.
Traveled? Yes, let's use as an example
At last, one morning we breakfasted on one of our best-loved foods, which, though
toast, coffee and pineapple juice at the foot it did not originate in Latin America, did
of the Andes. Our window framed the reach the United States by that route.
~~
from
L!':~
fl:iov
of t/fJ"
"HOW
20
AWAKEI
From China?
"Do you like Chinese food 1"
"Oh," replied the woman who was asked
as she hastily swallowed a piece of the
juicy peach into which she had just bitten,
"I am sure that Chinese food would be too
strange for me."
Her sincerely pained expression at the
thought of eating Oriental food quickly
changed to one of surprise when told that
what she was eating at the moment was
Chinese food. She looked unbelievingly at
the succulent fruit in her hand, and then
out to the tree in her garden from which
she had picked it as though somehow it
had deceived her.
Peaches were to be found behind China's
Great Wall, and when ancient trade routes
were established with Persia, the peach
escaped its walled territory to flourish in
Persian gardens. It follqwed the caravan
route of the Fertile Crescent. Eventually
jt came to grow in Arab gardens. When
the Arabs superimposed their lengthy rule
over the Spanish, they put their mark on
Spanish architecture and on the languages
of the Iberian Peninsula. When this rule
ended, these two marks were indelibly a
part of Spain, and left behind with them
were the great Moorish engineering feats,
the aqueducts, and the peach trees that
these watered. It is thought that the peach
made a direct entry to E10rida under Spanish rule, and it is known that the .Peach
already flourished in Mexico when it was
JANUARY 8, 1964
21
22
Jin
24
AWAKE!
25
SUbject "Building for the Future." After reminding the attentive audience that the new
building was not there to be worshiped or
idolized, but would be a place where the
worship of Jehovah would be taught and
promoted, building projects of Jehovah's
worshipers of the ancient past were recounted. "Noah constructed a huge boat
and Solomon built a glorious temple. Both
were built to fulfill a purpose in harmony
with Jehovah's will," said the speaker.
''This Kingdom Hall is a blessing to this
community since this is the only place persons can learn how to worship God in an
acceptable and pleasing manner and learn
of the way to everlasting life." He pointed
out that the Watch Tower Society has been
carrying on a building program for many
years, in many lands, building branch offiees, Bethel homes, factories, missionary
homes, Kingdom Halls and operating
farms. "We must never forget," he continued, "that all this building is really part
of a greater building program that is done
by bearing public witness concerning Jehovah's name and kingdom and making
disciples of people of all nations. The
Watch Tower Society is now one of the
largest Bible publishing organizations and
its teaching program encourages right
worship, fine works and conduct, which
bring eternal blessings."
Jehovah's witnesses will continue to
preach God's kingdom to the population of
Brazil, if Jehovah wills. They know that
"the blessing of Jehovah-that is what
makes rich, and he adds no pain with it."
-Prov.l0:22.
A woman in New York who is now one of Jehovah's witnessesrelated how she became interested: "My sister told me to go to all
the meetings during the week for a month, and I would never stop.
I didn't believe her, but finally I said I would. I knew after the first
two weeks I would never give up the happiness I had found with the
Witnesses."
26
AWAKE/
JANUARY 8, 1964
27
urrected and seated with him on his heavenly throne. Thus the resW'rected ones
would be ruling with Christ for a period
while others of the anointed remnant are
still living on earth. In time the living
would also have to die in order to rule
with Christ. Their being caught away to
meet the Lord is realized when they are,
before death, separated from this world's
system of things and are united with him
in the worship and service of God. This
thought is in harmony with Ephesians 2:
6, which says: "He raised us up together
and seated us together in the h.;avenly
places in union with Christ Jesus." This
was said regarding Christ's chosen ones
while they were still on earth.
The resurrecting of the sleeping holy
ones to spirit life takes place in the last
days when a commanding call is going out
to all parts of the earth telling people to
get out of religious Babylon the Great.
(Rev. 18:4) It is when the good news of
the established kingdom of God is being
proclaimed as if by a loud trumpet This is
when Christ separates the people of all nations as a shepherd separates sheep from
goats.-Matt.25:3l-33.
Because the dead members of Christ's
ruling class are resW'rected at this time
and join Christ on his heavenly throne, we
are not to conclude that the millennial
reign begins then. That cannot start until
the present wicked system of things is destroyed and Satan is confined to the abyss.
The imprisonment of Satan is concurrent
with the 1,000-year reign of Christ. The
'Period immediately preceding it, called the
"last days" at 2 Timothy 3:1, is marked
by Christ's enthronement, his casting of
Satan out of heaven and his dividing of
the nations. He rules during this period
while his enemies are still in power. (Ps.
110:1, 2) The same can be said of those
who are resW'rected and joined with him
as co-rulers.
28
JANUARY 8, 1964
In an interview on October
21, Bishop John Moorman of
Ripon, England, who is the
leader of the Anglican Church
observer group at the Ecumen.
ical Council in Rome, said that
if there is to be a final unity
among Christians "there will
have to be a central head 01
the church, and that head will
clearly have to be the BishOp
of Rome," that is, the Roman
Catholic pope. He said that he
believes the Anglican communion as a whole "would be pre-
29
'*
Sound Teeth
Angoram Is a grasshut
village in north cast New
Guinea. Its people wear birdofparadlse plumes and bones
through their noses. They live
on a diet of sago, taro root,
yams, fish, possums, crocodiles,
lizards and snakes. A remarkable fact is that there is not
a single tooth cavity among
its inhabitants. They have all
perfect tceth until they die.
Scientists are hopeful that
these Angorams may provide
a vital clue to the prevention
of tooth decay.
Beer Drlnkers
.. The Brewers Society reported last year that consumption of beer in the world
In 1962 rose to a new record
hlgh_9,308,OOO,OOO galions, or
3,6 percent more than In 1961.
Belgians led the beerdrinking
list, with an average intake
of 27 gallons per person. West
Germans came second, then
the New Zealanders, Australians and Britons. The United
States rated ninth, at 12,6
gallons per person. The aver_
age consumption of beer in
Britain was 19.3 gallons per
person,
30
'*
Greek Election
<$> The Center Union party of.
Premier George Papandreou
won a clear but narrow victory
in the national Greek election
on November 4. Former pre
mier Constantine Caramanlis
had . been in power for eight
years. The returns gave the
Papandreou party 42.2 percent
of the popular vote and the
Caramanlis party 39.4 percent.
About 5 million Greeks out of
an electorate of 5.6 million
voted. A Reuters dispatch
stated that Caramanlis an
nounced that he was retiring
from politics.
'*
Sex in Colleges
AWAKE!
'*
Koreans Vote
In mid-October 11,000,000
South KGreans went to the
polls to elect a president. The
political battle was between
General Chung Hee Park, 46,
and a dvilian, exPresident Po.
sun Yun, 67. The vote was close.
General Park received 4,702,640
votes and Yun got 4,546,614.
'*
Premier Sukarno
President Sukarno revived
a post that was abolished in
1959 when he proclaimed himself Premier of Indonesia on
November 13. A published
Associated Press dispatch
stated that this was for the
purpose of tIghtening control
of government opcrations. Sukamo is president for life.
'*
Morocco's Premier
In Morocco, on November
13, King HasSan II appointed
'*
Ba.llots In Britain
The month of November
saw two British elections come
and go. The results were not
the least surprising. First,
Prime Minister Sir Alec Doug
las-Home won a seat in the
House of Commons. However,
on that same day his Conservative party took a scvere
trouncing in another poll. The
Labor party, of course, was
rather jubilant over the results.
A Labor spokesman said that
he saw a victory in the making
for the Labor party. On the
'*
THE RIDGEWAY
Town
JANUARY 8, 1964-
LONDON N.W. 7
f1
31
,
is worse off than a sheep
without a shepherd.
AI least the sheep knows
he is lost.
EN NEED
each other.
That it is God's will for men to be together
as one flock of sheep instead of being scattered, having a separate spiritual existence. is clear from the words of God's Son,
who said: "I am the fine shepherd; the
fine shepherd surrenders his soul in behalf
of the sheep." Then he added: "I have
other sheep, which are not of this fold;
those also I must bring, and they will listen
to my voice, and they will become one
fiock, one shepherd." Sheep that flock together feed together. And, since this flock
is growing by the thousands each year,
the Watchtower magazine, their rich spiritual pasturage along with the Bible, is
also expanding. Currently. 4,200,000 copies
each issue in 66 languages. Join this
spiritually well-fed throng.
Send for The Watchtower 1 yeaf 71(fOf Austfalia, 8/-; for South Africa, 70cl
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
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Please send me The Watchtower for one year {or 7/_ (for Australia, 8/-: for South Africa 70<:),
For mailing the coupon J am to receive tree the timely booklets God's Way II!J Love, Healing '01 the
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32
AWAKE!
3,800,000
..
CHANGES OF ADDRESS .holll uuh II flIlrty dl)'f
~.I.r. YO" .. ovlng 411 61. . . . y."
or. Inl "0.
'~~'''' (II _lbl" YO" old odd, ... Ilhl). Wrll.
Watoh T...", W."'h ,.... H..... Tho Rldg y.
l.ndon N.W. 7. Enlland.
Enl<rrod .. ",ond'ola" ... tter al Brookljon, N.Y.
PrInted In England
lho Sibl. !raII.lallon 10000ularly ned In "Awd.l" I, I" Now Warl4 nan.laU," of tho Molr Sc.lpllr ... 1961 edlUon.
Whn oil .. l.an,llIlon. art ."d, tIIb J, 11 rly .lIIIod.
CONTENTS
SelfIndulgence Is Self-Defeating
Should Christians Pray Before Images?
Strange Leaf Movement
Farreaching Effects of
the IncIdental Witness
Freedom to Decide Threatened
Advising School Boards
Assassination Brings
Concern for FUture
3
5
10
11
12
15
16
,.
18
22
25
'"
29
Volum" XLV
Number 2
PRAY
BEFORE
-~
""
Yet, when the apostle John received such a revelation, and twice
fell down before the angel to wafship, the angel each time warned:
"Be careful! Do not do that! All I
am is a fellow slave of you and of
your brothers . . . Worship God."
That is recorded in your own Bible
at Revelation (Apocalypse) 19:10
and 22:9.
The principle illustrated by these
two examples is that holy men, and
even angels, are only God's servants, his creatures; and that men
should neither bow before nor give
even relative worship to them, but
should worship only the Creator.
AWAKE!
Where Originated
Only a casual reading of the Sacred
Scriptures will show that neither Jesus nor
JANUARY 22, 1964
by popular acclaim, and through the folklore that grew up around them, as by their
genuine acts of faith.
As recently as February 14, 1961, the
Vatican's Sacred Congregation of Rites ordered Saint Philomena, especially honored
throughout a great part of Italy, stricken
from the roll of Catholic saints. In Naples
and devout southern Italy, Philomena was
considered one of the most important
saints, and she had been venerated for a
century and a half. Yet the Congregation
of Rites said it was "proved historically
that this name did not belong to any
saint."!" Thus, thousands, perhaps millions
of persons had long prayed to this "saint"
that never existed.
How to Pray
or
10
AWAKE!
One of Jehovah's witnesses who was baptized In 1963, shortly after being discharged
from the United States Air Force, relates
how he learned and reacted to the Bible truth:
"In 1959 the Air Force assigned me to<duty
at a radar site in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
At that time I had only heard the name
organization with which I had been associating for several years. My wife was reared a
Catholic and on several occasions had had
Witnesses call at her family's door, but she
had refused to show any interest. Our Protestant-Catholic marriage combination certainly did not provide an ideal situation religiously.
But we had agreed before marrying that we
would never argue religion. Discuss it, yes,
but no arguments. Thcre had been little discussion until I arrived at the above-mentioned
assignment and was introduced to the truth
there by one of my fellow workers.
"1 immediately became interested in the
things he told me that the Bible taught conceming the soul, hellfire, and the trinity.
1 was sure that he was wrong but was stil~
wllling to heal" why he helieved the way
he did. I accepted a copy of 'Let God Be True'
and began to study it with my wife. A short
time later my friend was discharged from
the service and my wife and I were left
alone with our studies. I had refused offers
of a home Bible study, wishing rather to
prove to myself what the truth really was
concerning these and other doctrines. At times
I became obsessed with the idea of proving
Jehovah's witnesses wrong. I made frequent
trips to the public library to examine can
cordances for information dealing with the
soul, hoping to find at least one instance of
misrepresentation. Before long my wife began
to take a keen interest also. In 1960 we sent
for a SUbscription for The Watchtower. Several
times I went to one of the Kingdom Halls
to get more literature to study, and each time
I went I would refuse to accept a home Bible
study, even refusing to give our name. We
insisted on finding from the literature itself
whether this was the truth or not.
"By the spring of 1961 my wife had decided
that, since it was necessary to give something
STUDIES MULTIPLY
"
Parudi.~e
I,ost to
PaJ"adi.~e
Regained
11
an
of your
I. fun control
12
adult In
AWAKEI
Constitution Violated
The Constitution of the United States
guarantees Mrs. Jones the right to the free
exercise of her religion, whicH in her case
includes the right to do as the Bible states
at Acts chapter 15, verses 20 and 29, 'to
abstain from blood.' The court order forcing blood upon her is a violation of the
First Amendment to the Constitution,
which amendment is part of the Bill of
Rights. The intent of this First Amendment is clearly defined by a quotation from
the Virginia Bill of Rights, which states:
"All men are equally entitled to the free
exercise of religion, according to the dictates of conscience, unpunished and unrestrained by the magistrates, unless, under
color of religion, any man disturb the
peace and happiness of society."
Not until society itself is threatened is
there any basis for denying an individual
the freedom of his conscience. Note the
words of the Virginia Statute for Religious
Freedom drafted by Thomas Jefferson, in
which its preamble defines religious freedom: "To suffer the civil magistrate to
intrude his powers into the field of opinion ... is a dangerous fallacy, which at
once destroys all religious liberty." It adds:
"It is time enough for the rightful purposes of civil government for its officers to
interfere when principles break out into
13
ed: "The greatest dangers to liberty lurk right of the patient to elect which of me
in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, two risks he will assume.
well-meaning but without understanding."
No Due Process of Law
14
Mrs. Jones, as a free citizen of the United States, has been deprived of her liberty
by the invasion of her person without due
process of law. This is contrary to the
Fifth Amendment of the Constitution,
which states that a person shall not "be
deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law." Her most precious
property js her own body and she should
have the right to make decisions concerning it. However, because of the court order
issued by Judge Wright she has been deprived of that right! The decision was
made for her and the court handed her
over to the private agency, the hospital,
whose will was imposed upon her contrary
to her own will! Mrs. Jones was put in a
position of serv.itude to that private agency
despite the protection of the Fifth Amend~
ment
This is completely out of harmony with
the relationship of a doctor to his patient,
which is purely contractual. The patient
employs the doctor. The doctor is not the
master, but is the employee, Yet, in this
case, the court reversed the procedure and
the doctor was made the master. The pa~
tient had no say in the treatment imposea
upon her. Mrs. Jones lost the contractual
right belonging to a free citizen. She was
assaulted against her will by her former
employees, and the court encouraged it!
In Bonner v, Moran it states: "We think
there can be no doubt that a surgical operation is a technical battery, regardless of
its results, and is excusable only when
there is express or implied consent by the
patient; or, stated somewhat differently,
the surgeon is liable in damages if the
operation is unauthorized." Yes, any action taken against the body of an individA WAKEI
battery.
Implications
Once people of supposed ::uperior intel1i~
gence begin to impose their will on other
citizens because they feel they must do
their thinking for them, then society is no
longer in a free state. but is in a slave
state. The precedent created in this court
order in substituting medical discretion
for individual rights is an ugly threat to
the liberty of many.
If professional medical opinion now can
be permitted to invade the area of private
decision, then other consequences can easi~
ly follow. For example, it is well known
that many Roman Catholics would forbid
the abortion of a pregnant woman, even
though continuation of normal pregnancy
might result in her death. Are the courts
now prepared to order Catholic mothers
to be aborted against their will at the op~
tion of their physicians?
Sterilization could conceivably prevent
some families from having more children
than they can support. Are the courts
prepared to enforce sterilization on the
recommendation of doctors?
Other groups, such as Christian Scientists, do not believe in accepting medical
treatment. Are the courts' prepared to declare all these people second~class citizens
and place them in servitude to a doctor?
Jehovah's witnesses have long called at~
tention to the fact that the rights of the
individual can be worn away gradually by
Many Shocked
Many have expressed shock and dismay
at this court order of Judge Wright forc~
ing an adult to take medical treatment not
wanted. The Washington Star of September 22, 1963, said: "The recent case of
Judge J. Skelly Wright vs. Mrs. Jessie
Jones gets into an area in which the angels might fear to tread ... At a time in
which a 'wall of separation' between
church and state forbids even the recital
of a nondenominational prayer in a public
school, how can this invasion of Mrs.
Jones' religious beliefs by an agent of the
state be justified? Suppose a man has a
brain tumor from which the doctors say
he will surely die without an operation.
The man refuses to consent to the opera~
tion. Would Judge Wright sign an order for
the operation to be performed in spite of
the man's objection?"
The action taken by Georgetown University Hospital physicians against Mrs.
Jones pursuant to an order issued by
Judge J. Skelly Wright is shocking indeed.
This invasion of individual freedom bodes
ill for the society that permits it.
15
16
Concern
for Future
Changes Coming?
17
An Early Remedy
Does this mean there is no remedy? By
no means! While from the human viewpoint the situation is without solution,
from God's viewpoint an early remedy is
assW'ed!
It should bring great comfort and hope
to all lovers of law and order to know that
the Bible foretold not only the viole.nt
trend of our times, but its final elimination as well! At this critical point in world
affairs, the words of Jesus Christ take on
added meaning: "But as these things start
18
AWAKEI
By "Awake!" correspondent
in Northern Rhodesia
19
20
JANUARY S2,
196~
21
PFFIT! What a
tantalizing aroma! A
can of mixed nuts has
just been opened. Just
look at them: jumbo
peanuts, luscious bra
zils, tasty almonds,
tangy pecans and
sweet cashews. Some
people prefer to pick
out the cashews first. They like their salty
sweet flavor, which adds flavor to all the
other nuts.
But do you know from where these tasty
cashevvs come? Did you know that they
were once attached at the end of a pear
shaped fruit on a tree that may have been
forty feet high? Would it surprise you to
know that they were poisonous when
picked? Yes, the cashew is a fascinating
nut that you no doubt will enjoy learning
more about.
22
A WAKE I
wall there is a brown oil that is very ir- outer shells burst, the oil drains into conritating to the skin. Its effects can be dan- tainers below and is salvaged. In this
gerous to those who do not treat it with roasting process all poisonous properties
are safely removed.
respect.
Next the inner wall or shell must be reFor instance, not long ago a nut lover
new to Venezuela was given a cashew ap- moved to get at the kernel on the inside.
ple that had the nut part still attached. This is done by hand by skillful Indian laHe immediately bit through the outer borers. The kernels then need further heat
shell of the nut, and when the brown oil treatment to remove their skins. After
came in contact with his tongue and lips, this operation the delicious nuts are ready
it burned like acid. Almost at once his lips for consumption.
swelled and became very tender. The next
morning he had large red splotches all over Uses
Practically every part of the cashew
his body and his eyes were swollen shut.
This condition lasted for three days, and tree is useful. The nut, of course, is the
all because of coming in contact with a principal product. And not only is it sweet
little of this brown oil! The fact that the and tasty, but it is a rich source of procashew tree is closely related to the Ameri- tein and fat as well.
can poison ivy and pOison sumac explains
In tropical areas where cashew trees
its painful effects.
are grown, the native population value the
It is evident, therefore, that the outer apple as highly as they do the nut. It is a
shell and irritating oil must be gotten rid soft fruit that has a very pleasing and penof. So after the natives pick the apples, the etrating aroma when it is ripe. A refreshnuts are detached and are dried in the sun. ing drink is made from its juice, and
It takes about twenty-five pounds of apples preserves are made from the whole fruit.
to get one pound of nuts. After picking,
Although the wood of the cashew tree
the nuts are roasted
is soft and light in
over a fire in a hole
weight, it is strong
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
in the ground. The
and
is therefore used
"l Want Mercy, and Not Sacriflce."
heat causes the outer
in making light Catholic" You Are Allowed to
Read the Bible.
shell to burst, and
weight shipping
New York World'. Fair Nears lts
the released oil
Opening Day.
crates, boats, char Take Care of What You Have.
quickly catches fire,
coal, and so forth.
dispelling poisonous
The tree also yields
fumes. One woman, whose husband roast- a gum that is similar to gum arabic.
ed some cashews in the oven, was exposed
And even that pungent brown oil, found
to the fumes for only a few minutes and, between the inner and outer walls of the
as a result, broke out with a rash all over nut, is put to good use. It serves as an
her body. For nearly a month she was in effective insecticide, being used in varnish
misery.
to protect wood against termites. After
So, as would be expected, an improved the poisons are driven off by heating, it
method is used in preparing the cashew also makes a high-grade machine oil.
nut for commercial use. The nuts pass
So the next time you pick those delicious
through large revolving cylinders of sheet cashew nuts from a can of mixed nuts you
iron with perforated sides, which revolve will have a better idea from where these
above well-controlled flames. When the salty but sweet nuggets came.
JANUARY 22, 1964-
23
25
26
27
centuries and still circ1:llate among pr()_fessed Christians. The Catholic Church
has many of them, especially in connection
with her many relics, images and saints.
There is, for instance, one about their
"Saint Anthony" of Padua that says that
a horse, alter fasting for three days, refused to eat until it had "knelt down and
adored the Blessed Sacrament, which St.
Anthony held in his hands." So says The
Catholic Encyclopediq. On another occasion when he was conducting a funeral,
"St. Anthony" said: "That rich man is
dead and buried in hell; but go to his
treasures and there you will find his heart."
When relatives did this, it is claimed, they
found the dead man's heart still warm
among the coins.
Thus we see that Christians have been
confronted with a multitude of false religious stories from the first century to this
twentieth century. They are stories that
flourish in a climate of ignorance and superstition. The Bible warns Christians
against them and tells them to turn down
such fables. "Turn down the false stories
which violate what is holy and which old
women tell."-l Tim. 4:7.
The false stories that have circulated
among religious peoples bring reproach
upon the holy truth of God's written Word.
They violate or desecrate that holy truth,
causing people to reject it. They cast doubt
on the truthful account of man's history
and of God's dealings with men as recorded in the Scriptures. They turn people to
empty imaginations and vain philosophies.
All persons who seek God's approval must
turn down false religious stories and uphold the truths of his Word, worshiping
him "with spirit and truth."-John 4:24.
Look out: perhaps there may be someone who will carry you off as his
prey through the phikJ80phy and empty deception according to the
tradition of men, according to the elementary things of the world and
not according to Ohmt.--Col. 2:8.
28
A WAKE!
ATCHI
_'T'HE~~~
RLD
IJberla Reconsiders
A delegation of four of
Jehovah's witnesses met with
President Tubman of Liberia
in Monrovia on December 5.
They requested that missionaries be permitted to return to
Liberia to carryon their Christian ministry, and that Witnesses be permitted to stand
quietly before the flag as a
sufficient display of respect for
II In April of this year all
foreign Witnesses were asked
to leave the country following
the conscientious refusal of
Witnesses to give a hand
salute to the flag at Gbarnga,
where many Witnesses were
severely maltreated. Regarding
the Gbarnga incident President
Tubman said: "I am sorry."
He said that Watch Tower
missionaries would be welcome
In Liberia and that the Wit
29
+ Dr.
William F. Rosenblum,
rabbi of Temple Israel in New
York, caUed upon Jews everywhere to reassess the place
oJ: Jesus in Jewish thought.
Expressing his views on -the
matter, he said: "Liheral circles should recognize that
Jesus always lived as a Jew,
that the bulk of his sayings
can be traced back to the Old
Testament or to our Talmudic
and Midrashlc utt('rancE'S and
that, in any event, Christianit'y
is a religion about Jesus while
Judaism was always the religion of Jesus." As a matter
of fact, for years early Christianity was confined to the
Jews. However, after A.D. 36
It became a rf'ligion open to
both Jew and Gentile. So why
should Jews frown upon Christianity as if it were of the
Gentiles? Should they not.
instead, find plcasure reassessing the life of one so great
J:rom their midst who has in
spired the world for nearly
two thousand years? At least
Dr. Rosenblum thinks so.
30
Plane Crashes
*'mentTheofrelatively
new govern
Chancellor Ludwig
Erhard in West Gennany was
being seriously challenged
early in December. Upward of
10,000 former prisoners of war
staged a demonstration in
Bonn. the West German capital. The former prisoners of
war carried banners that
charged the government with
negligence for not having done
its duty toward "six million
fanner prisoners." The ex-war
prisoners are pressing for
higher government payments.
The government plans to spend
$9.000,000 on compensations in
the coming fiscal year. but this
does not lH~arly satisfy the
demands made.
A New Look at the Stars
+ Faye
+ On December 3
'*
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me The Watchtower for one year. I am enclosing 7/_ (for Australia. 8/-: tor South
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'~-~'"""'~
e-,..-7
Only a miser buries treasure and only a spendthrift squanders
it. The practical man will use it wisely to further enrich him~
self and others.
How do you use knowledge? Do you have it available for
ready reference or do you bury it and forget it or throw it
away as soon as you have acquired it?
A wealth of valuable information is contained in the Watch
Tower publications. In the course of a year readers of these
publications receive an almost inexhaustible supply of knowledge on a vast range of Bible and other subjects. Now that
information can be at your fingertips with the new
1fItdd 7 _ ~~
"<fa 1969
Thi8 comprehensive subJed and scripture index will lead you directly to
the valuable information you are hunting, It covers aU tssues of The Wntm.
toUOef' and Awalu! published durin' 196; the books "84",1on. the Great HM
F"I~!"---'God's Kingdom Rules!,
All .'IiCTiplure Is 1!I8P1red at God and
BenelWfal," 1964 YeaTiwak at Jeha'llah's Witneues and RePort on. "EverlaBting
Good Newfl" Assembly at Jeoo'llah's WnneulM, as well as other publkatlons
released during the year. Round out your treamre-huntbur equipment. Send
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WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Name ........,__ _
p~,
Po~tal
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 Berell10rd Rd., Strathtleld, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 BrJdgeiand Ave., Toronto 1&, Ont. SOUTH
AFRICA:.Pr1vate Bag 2, P.O. Elan<1llfontein, Tnmllvaal UNITED STATES: 117 AdamBSt., BrooklYn, N.Y. 11m.
32
~~t~~~~.
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
n-
TH&
l;;N~LANO I\Y
3,800,000
4~
Th. 61\1. Iran.lall.n regularly uod In "Awak.!" I. lb ...... World lra~.I.IIOft 01 Ihl hly Sorlfl.toS, 19151 edltl.n.
Wh th'r lran.IIU", ... 11Id, Ihl. II cloarly Olark.d.
CONTENTS
A Sense of Humor Makes Sense!
"1 Want Mercy. and Not Sacrifice"
Catholics, You Are Allowed to Read
the Bible
Heeding a Friend's Advice
3
5
8
14
15
20
23
24
27
29
Volume XLV
~E
.1 makes sense.
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
Number 3
in
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
"TO
KNOW noth
ing of the
Scriptures is to
know nothing of
Christ.'" So said
Catholic "Saint" Jerome, fourth- and
fifth-century Latin
"church father,"
hailed by Pope Pius
XII as "the greatest
of the Doctors in Bible teaching."2 So
convinced was Jerome of the importance of studying the
Bible that he also wrote: "If there is anything in this life that sustains the wise
man and moves him to keep a serene mind
amid the tribulations and upheavals of the
world, it is, I am convinced, first and
foremost, meditation on the Scriptures and
knowledge of them."3
That this was not an isolated view is attested to by a church-approved Catholic
work in the following terms: "This veneration of the Holy Scriptures is to be found
in all the early Fathers. The numerous
translations made in order to put them
into the hands of the faithful, the consid
erable textual criticism that dates from
that time, particularly by Origen and
Saint Jerome, provide glaring proof of the
literary activity that went on in the early
centuries, and indicate irrefutably that the
Bible occupied a special place in the minds
of the Christians. Moreover, most of the
writings of the Fathers are homiletic commentaries of the Scriptures."4
8
YOU ARE
ALLOWED TO
READ
BIBLE
Since the early
"church fathers"
unanimously rec.
ognized the value
of the Holy Scriptures, how is it
that in many Coun
tries Catholics still
regard the Bible as
a "Protestant
book" and therefore as forbidden reading? To answer that
question, we shall need to review a few
pages of church history.
The Bible in Living Languages
The large portion of the Holy Scriptures
commonly called the Old Testament was
originally written in Hebrew, with a few
small sections in Aramaic. A" Hebrew
passed away as a generally living language, those Jews who spoke only the common or koine Greek, popularized by the armies of Alexander the Great, felt the need
of a translation of the Hebrew Scriptures
in the international language of the day. To
meet their needs, during the third and sec.
and centuries before Christ, the Greek
Septuagint Version was produced. This
translation into a vulgar, international
tongue, was later used and quoted by
Christ's apostles and disciples, and the latter used this same widely understood language for their own writings, commonly
called the New Testament.
AWAKE!
It follows that no one idiom could claim translation of the Scriptures in the only
to be the exclusive, holy, sacrosanct Ian tongue they understood. So it came 4bout
guage of the Bible. Now, the Catholic that during the second, third and fourth
Church recognizes that the Holy Scrip- centuries, many different translations were
tures are inspired by God. A Catholic work made into Latin. A Catholic reference
states to that effect: "The Council of work says the following concerning these
Trent declared both holy and canonical all "Old Latin versions": "Both types [Afri~
the books of the Bible because they were can and European 1 use the same popular
dictated by the Holy Spirit and therefore Latin, with its peculiarities of vocabulary.
God is their author."" Therefore, the spelling and syntax, its incorrect, vulgar
church of Rome admits that God himself and even coarse speech."G They were ob.
moved with the times and had his Word viously popular translations made for the
written in living languages. Since, while COmmon people.
under inspiration, the apostles quoted the
Toward t,pe end of the fourth century
Greek Septuagint Version of the Hebrew Jerome, encouraged by Damasus, the first
Scriptures, it can be inferred that God ap- bishop of Rome to adopt the title Pontifex
proved of the principle of having his Word Maximus (Supreme Pontiff), previously
translated from a dead or little-used tongue borne by the pagan Roman emperors, set
into a living or commonly used one.
to work first to revise the best of the Old
In the course of time, koine Greek itself Latin versions and later to translate the
did not suffice to keep the Word of God whole Bible into Latin directly from the
understandable to the cornmon people. Al- original Hebrew and Greek. He completed
though Greek was the language spoken his work A.D. 404 or 405. Although Jearound the greater part of the Mediter- rome's translation was in better Latin than
ranean seacoast, the inhabitants farther the Old Latin versions, it was still written
inland still spoke their native idioms. As in a language understandable to the litChristianity spread, these peoples required erate public. This fact is reflected in the
the Scriptures in their common tongue. name by which his version eventually
Thus, dW'ing the first few centuries after came to be known-the "Vulgate" (from
Christ, translations appeared in Syriac, editio vulgata), meaning the common or
Coptic and other Egyptian dialects, Gallic, popular edition of the Scriptures.
Gothic and different local tongues. The
The full significance of the appearance
rise of another important language is al of this common-language Bible sponsored
luded to in the Scriptures themselves, by Pope Damasus I can be measured by
which speak of th~ inscription placed the following extract from a Catholic
above Jesus' head as being "written in He- work, which states: "Greek was the origibrew, in Greek, and in Latin."-John 19: nal language used by the Church: the mis20, Catholic Douay Version.
sionaries of the first and second generaLatin was the official language of the tions of Christians preached in Greek, the
Roman Empire and was spread amon'g the books of the New Testament were written
conquered peoples by the Roman soldiers. in Greek, the apostolic Fathers and the
The legionnaires did hot speak late or clas- apologists composed their works in Greek,
sieal Latin, but they spread a popular, col- the language used in the liturgy was origiloquial form, called Vulgar Latin. As the nally Greek, and in religious meetings, the
occupied peoples and the Romans them sacred writings were read in Greek. . . .
selves learned about Christ, they needed a The Church in Rome used the Greek lan
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
10
made by the Elders of the Great Synagogue. (Pirq~ Aboth, 1, I) . . . The Law
of Moses, the legitimate pride of Israel,
risked becoming a private domain of which
they jealously held the key."lO
The foregoing shows: first, that God
himself inspired his penmen to write in
the living language of their times; second~
ly, that the early "church fathers" fa~
vored keeping the Bible alive in the vulgar
or popular tongues of their day; third~
ly, that the Latin Vulgate was not original~
ly a dead-language version for the exclusive
use of the clergy, but a popular edition in
what was then a modern~day idiom;
fourthly, that opposition to Bible transla~
tion in a desire to keep the Scriptures as
the exclusive domain of the clergy was a
trait of the Scribes and Pharisees. How,
then, did it come about that for centuries
the Roman Catholic Church forbade any
Bible reading "in the vulgar tongue," that
is, in anything but Latin, which had be~
come a dead language?
11
thB Church . . This added light [in the hibited Books" drawn up by order of the
ScriptureS], once given, joins and com- COWlcil of Trent.
pletes the treasure of Tradition . . . . The A.D. 1816: "Experience has proved that,
same Spirit that inspired the Scriptures owing to the rashness of men, more harm
dwells in those who are responsible for than benefit arises from the Sacred Scripfaithfully transmitting the trust of the tures when published in the language of
Revelation. Therefore the Scriptures are the common people."-Statement by Pope
entirely dependent upon Tradition (au- Pius VII.
thor's italics] ."lZ
Catholic author Daniel-Rops, member of
Another Catholic work states the matter the French Academy, sums up the situaeven more clearly. when it says: "Tradi- tion as follows: "By giving back to the
tion is the most Donnal canal by which all Book its supremacy and its renown, Luthe teaching of the faith reaches mankind. ther and the other 'reformers' committed
Use of the New Testament Scriptures the inexpiable error of separating it from
came later. They do not contain the com- the Tradition that had safeguarded. its
plete trust, all the faith, and their use is text and had contributed so much to its
not essential."13 Since many of these tradi- Wlderstanding. Once it became the only
tions (e.g. worship of the Virgin Mary, source of faith and of spiritual life for
prayers to the "saints," veneration of rel- man, the Bible afforded the means for doics, indulgences, purgatory, and so forth) ing without the Church, her social organiare nowhere to be found in the Scriptures, zation, Tradition and the Hierarchy. The
it obviously became dangerous to allow the Catholic Church measured the danger of
this break in the historical evolution of
common people to read the Bible.
These different factors help to explain the Christian message and of this indithe following official statements by the Ro- vidualization of belief. She reacted through
the protective measures taken by the
man authorities:
COWlciI of Trent, which, among other
A.D. 1229: "We forbid the laity to have
things, forbade the faithful from reading
in their possession any copy of the books
versions of the Holy Scriptures in common
of the Old and New Testament, except the
languages unless they had been approved
Psalter, and such portions of them as are
by the Church and contained commencontained in the Breviary, or the Hours of
taries in line with Catholic Tradition....
the Virgin; and we most strictly forbid
It became commonplace to hear people reeven these works in the vulgar tongue."
peat that 'the Bible is on the Index' and
-Council of Toulouse, Canon 14.
that 'a Catholic should not read the BiA.D. 1246: "You will see to it that all just ble.''' Yet the same author, writing in
and legal means are used to prevent the 1955, states a few pages farther on:
laity from possessing theological books, .. 'Read the Bible!' is what the Catholic
even in Latin, and the clergy from possess- Church now tells its sons to dO."B How
ing them in the vulgar tongue."--Council did this change come about?
of Beziers, Canon 36.
A.D. 1562: "If the sacred books be per- The Revival of Bible Reading
Among Catholics
mitted in the vulgar tongue indiscrimiIn
the
early
nineteenth
century, Pope
nately, more harm than utility arises
therefrom."-"Ten Rules Concerning Pro- Leo XII stated in a bull to the Catholic
12
AWAKE!
13
Ii
1954, p. 418.
7 Ibid., p. 415.
t InitintjQft
19M, p. 405.
10 fntTOductkm a l Bible-Robert and Feuillet, 2d
edlt!on 1959, Vol. n. p. 67.
11 Apo/ogtUque-13rlllant and NMoncelle. 1939 edition,
p.791.
12 Paul Henry, S.J. protes"or at the Paris Catholic
Institute, writing In Initiation Biblique-Robert
II, 5.
--.-:\ll
Ibid.
110 Initiation Biblique-Robert and Tricot, 3d edition
19
1954, p. 973.
14
15
further stated that he was making a persOnal Investigation of the affair and that
"Jehovah's witnesses, as a sect, are wel-'
come in this country, but they will be required to conform to the law requiring all
persons to salute the fiag when it is being
hoisted or lowered at ceremonies in their
sight or keep away from such ceremonies."
In response to Mr. Tubman's statement
that Jehovah's witnesses were welcome in
Liberia, a question was propounded at a
news conference: Did this mean that missionaries of Jehovah's witnesses could now
enter Liberia? As reported by The Listener Daily of September 13, 1963, "Mr. Tubman said if an individual has been deported
from a country, he cannot re-enter that
country without special permission. However, he added, new Jehovah's Witness
missionaries could come to Liberia."
These words proved heartening to local
Witnesses. During those months they kept
remembering statements by government
officials that all who had refused to salute
at Gbarnga were to be prosecuted. This
caused many Witnesses to scatter throughout the country, and meetings were held in
private homes. But now the President's remarks seemed to indicate that Liberia was
moving toward freedom of worship for Jehovah's witnesses. In some communities
Witnesses began preaching from house to
house as before. Frequently they were welcomed warmly by hospitable Liberians who
love the Bible and who appreciated the
good work of the Witnesses. But some local authorities viewed the Witnesses as
subversive and had told them they could
not preach. Freedom of worship could not
flourish in such a climate of uncertainty
and apprehension.
16
17
with a rifle butt and made to sit all SunHaving listened intently to the delega~ day night, and I had my share along with
tion, President Tubman admitted that he John Charuk here and all the others. But
had known of the activities of the Watch we feel no hatred, no animosity. When I
Tower Society for a long time, a group of was released I tried to think: 'Now, what
his townspeople having attended Zion's good can I see in these soldiers? Is there
Watch Totcer Bible classes when he was something kind I can think of them?' and
just a boy. In good humor he related that I found it possible to compliment Lieu
the flag law in Liberia was proposed by a tenant Warner for the mercy and compas
clergyman and the first person apprehend sian he had showTI for the young babies, of
ed for violating it was the 80yearold fa whom there were many. Jehovah's witness
ther of the cleric. President Tubman re es feel no anger about the personal abuse
affirmed his strong belief in freedom of they had to suffer. And even there at
worship, conscience and religion.
Gbarnga while we were undergoing this
The Government, he enthused, welcomes treatment there were no derogatory words,
all religions, especially Christian ones. The but we stood quietly and showed respect
President jovially related about his receiv for the flag."
ing visits by Jehovah's witnesses. "They
President Tubman said for the third
preached to me, and I listened. Jehovah's time, "I am sorry!" He went on to say that
witnesses-they know their Bible very the Government has nothing against J eho
well. They tried to convert me, but r told vah's witnesses, "They are welcome here
them I'm too old to change now!" "I do not just as any other sect of Christians; their
believe that Jehovah's witnesses are sub missionaries can carryon their work."
versive or are trying to overthrow the Asked whether this applied to the mission
government," Mr. Tubman added.
aries told to leave the country in April, the
President replied, "Yes, they will be
As to Gbarnga: "I Am Sorry!"
welcome."
Regarding the illtreatment of the Wit
nesses at Gbarnga, President Tubman can May Witnesses Stand but Not Salute?
demned the incident as "an outrage," "in
After earnestly describing the deep reli
iquitous," and "wicked." He said those gious convictions of Jehovah's witnesses
responsible for the affair had been pun and the matter of conscience, Henschel
ished, and added, "I am sorry this thing once again brought up the crucial point of
happened!"
the interview. 'Mr. President, since the law
M. G. Henschel once again assured the requires respect for the flag, would it be all
president that Jehovah's witnesses had not right if Jehovah's witnesses just stand
come to complain about personal abuses. quietly in respect for the flag and not be
"We do not hold anything personal against required to give the military salute or take
those who abused us at Gbarnga, Mr. Pres- part in the ceremony?'
ident." "Were you at Gbarnga?" the PresiPresident Tubman replied to this effect:
dent asked with surprise. "Yes," replied 'The law stipulates that every person shall
Henschel, "I was in detention from Sunday show respect to the flag when it is being
until Tuesday with all the others. We all raised or lowered with ceremony. The term
underwent the same experience. The sol "respect" is subject to interpretation. If I
diers made no difference between foreign- am present when the flag is being hoisted
ers and Liberians. I was struck on the back or lowered with ceremony. I do not salute.
President Fal)(lrs Tolerance
18
AWAKE!
Presidential Order
A few days later the Executive Circular,
issued by the President of Liberia, notiM
fled citizens as follows:
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
19
Ne~
N APRIL 22 the gates will open to history's first billion-dollar ($1,000,000,000) fair-the New York World's Fair of
1964-1965.
An estimated 70,000,000 visitors from
all parts of the world will come to see an
exposition of this world's achievements
squeezed into the 646 acres of Flushing
Meadow Park, Queens, New York. More
than 70,000 persons are expected to attend
on opening day,
Under the symbol of the Unisphere,
some forty nations will participate. There
will be about 150 pavilions and an additional 300 sub-exhibitors in multiple buildings. Here visitors will wander through
exotic and serene gardens, tour towering
fantasies of glass and steel, stroll down
picturesque promenades, pause in the sparkle of spectacular fountains, sample foods
from almost every part of the globe, wonder at predictions of things to come and
gaze at re-creations of things past. There
will be water and ice shows, theater productions and circuses, sports events and
fireworks, symphonies and brass bands.
that hopeful
Other Goal.
In the international division, one of five
principal sectors, some forty re~istered natipns are represented. What do they hope
to accomplish here? Allen Beach, director
of International Exhibits, said that these
nations hope to acquaint millions of people
who might never have the opportunity to
travel with their lands. M. Barry, Minister
of Planning for Guinea, stated: "We consider our participatiori at the World's Fair
a first step, as a free nation, in getting the
people of the United States to know and
understand our country." So the fair is a
showcase for large and small nations.
In the Industrial sector the goal is exposW'e. At least thirty-six of the world's
largest businesses will be vying for the
public's attention. Here the gleaming pavilions of the Ford Motor Company will
compete with the giant tail-fin building of
General Motors and Sinclair's dinosaurs.
Approximately 300 companies will be exhibiting in multiple exhibitor pavilions.
Present will be a five-story structure representing the $80,OOO,000,OOO-a-year food
industry in 'the United States. Among
the many attractions are supermarkets of
tomorrow, a New England fishing village,
a gourmet shop and an international steak
house. The Whirlpool "Miracle Kitchen,"
visited by former Vice-President of the
United States Richard Nixon and the Soviet premier, Nikita Khrushchev, in Moscow, will be among the attractions.
The third division is the fair's transportation center, which will include sixteen exhibits, featuring every conceivable
means of transportation known to man,
from escalators, elevators, mobile homes,
rent-a-cars to horse-drawn trains.
The Federal and State area, in which
some twenty-seven states of the United
States will take part, makes up the fourth
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
here perhaps can be seen in Floridals pavilion with its 100-foot-high citrus tower
From all these things we can see the
goal of businesses, organizations, natrons
and states, that of promoting goodwill for
themselves and business for the future.
The object of all this exposure and advertising is to get the organizational or national name in front of the public to impress them with the product or service
each has to offer, hoping it will stimulate
further interest on the part of the consumer. Even if no actual sale is made on
the spot, keeping the name before the public is regarded as a profitable function of
such world's fair exhibits.
Religion's Offering
21
by the Continental Circus. An i'IceTravaganza" boasts of being the most unusual show in the world. Dancing waters,
a display combining water formations, dramatic lighting and music, will also catch
the public's attentiort
Simulated canals of Venice will, provide
trips in cushioned gondolas and rides in
paddle riverboats. The Swiss Skyride,
spanning the fair across its main axis and
reaching a height of 112 feet, will satisfy
those who have a .taste for a bird's-eye
view of the fair. Those wanting to go higher can board a helicopter at the fair's heliport.
In' the realm of educational experience
there will be the worlds of science to explore, a chance to examine culture of distant lands, an opportunity to glance into
what are considered man's greatest
achievements of today and his dreams of
tomorrow. For the explorer there will be
the simulated landscape of the moon to
walk on and a glass-bottom boat to study
the depths of Meadow Lake.
Those having a taste for foods of other
lands will be able to dine like Arabian potentates or Hawaiian natives. Danish and
French delicacies will be in abundance. Argentina plans to roast whole steers. One
of the highlights of the Venezuelan pavilion is a basement restaurant-nightclub
reached by a free floating, hydraulic telescoping elevator rising vertically through
the entire edifice.
Of course, along with all these foreign
dishes one can expect American food as
well, including the hot dog.
While there will be this great variety
Entertainment and Education
The fair's final division is the Lake of entertainment and feasting, one should
Amusement Area. A musical with a cast remember that it costs something. Visiof 250 in a 10,OOO-seat theater is in the tors will want to examine their budgets
making. Acts never before seen in the carefully and not let their sight of desirUnited States will be presented under- able things carry them away to extravaneath a 45-foot-high fireproof big top gance they can ill afford.
22
AWAKE}
The following item appeared in the Arizona Republic of September 17, 1963:
"The student body of the Pinetop.Lakeside school stood in the school yard yester.
day morning, sang the national anthem, recited the pledge of allegiance and
then received a stern warning to layoff stealing apples from nearby orchards:'
Apparently authorities at Pinetop haVe a far more serious problem now than
the imaginary one over the anthem issue.
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
23
HEN
friends
24
AWAKE!
after, and you will find it much more refreshing. Now it is just as simple as that.
Making the home look tidy does not have
to be an eight-hours-a-day project for
mother. Most of it need not be work at all,
if good habits are formed.
Christians, especially, should avoid carelessness in the use of what they have, because the God they worship sets the pattern for them in this regard. He is an
orderly God and, even though he is allresourceful, there is nothing wasteful or
extravagant in his creation. Throughout
millenniums nature has enjoyed the experience of continuing in constant selfrepair, because Jehovah gave it this property in the beginning. Certainly, then, if
God makes provision to care so well for
the things he made, we his creatures
should show appreciation for the things he
has entrusted to us or permitted us to
acquire for our use and enjoyment: our
physical bodies, our homes, automobiles,
clothes, furniture, books and so many other things that you could name by lifting
your eyes to look around for a moment.
25
"keeping up with the Joneses," frequently rial possessions of some are less bountiful
leads people into debt or causes them to th~ those of others. But if one's circwn
buy things on the installment plan, from stances permit him to have only meager
which no one stands to gain but the seller. possessions, then surely there is all the
Few buyers realize it, but on most insta1l4 more reason why he should care for what
ment purchases they are paying a rate of he has. While this is not always the case,
interest between 30 and 40 percent and it is sometimes found that those who plead
often even much more. This is not caring poverty bring these circumstances upon
for what one has and should be avoided themselves, to some extent, through their
whenever possible.
own neglect and wastefulness. This was
recognized as far back as two centuries
Care Affects Your Thinking
ago when the English conversationalist
Of course, economy is not the only thing Samuel Johnson said: "Economy, on the
to be concerned about in caring for what one hand, by which a certain income is
we have. Just think
made to maintain a
man genteelly; and
of how one's sur 4
COMING IN THE NEXT ISSUE
roundings affect his
waste, on the other,
Remember the Things God Has Done.
by which on the same
disposition. Everyone
How Shall Youth Be Educated?
income another man
needs a certain
Discoveries in Antarctica.
lives shabbily, cannot
amount of self
The Art or Being a Good Guest.
be defined. . . . as
confidence. Now,
one man wears out
thinking back on how
we began our discussion, a nonnal person his coat sooner than another, we cannot
really does find it quite embarrassing when tell how." But we can tell how in many
he is unexpectedly caught with things in cases. It is a matter of appreciation of the
a run~down turmoil around him. Happy as things we have, no matter how many or
he may be to see a friend, his discomposure how few they may be, and caring for these
with good sense.
spoils the pleasure.
Is it not true that the way we care for
The same is true when one has to go out
to meet people who might have reason to things is a cast of our mental makeup?
expect more of him. Sometimes it hap It is evidence of the type of person we are.
pens by accident, but more often than not It subtly exposes the extent of our appre
it can be avoided. Have you ever entered ciation, the depth of our gratitude toward
a wellcaredfor home of another and then others and our respect for persons, places
wished you could walk out backwards be and things. The way we care tells others
cause you were wearing the shoes that whether we are industrious or lazy, con
needed new heels or the trousers with the cerned or indifferent. Our care or lack of
frayed cuffs? Why be distracted this way, care reflects itself in our every habit. In
whether it be because of your person, your view of this, dedicated servants of God
home or whatever else you have? A little should be Godlike in caring for what they
care and proper planning will contribute have. God is generous, liberal, even lavish
to your poise immensely when you have to in the prOVisions he makes for his own
deal with other persons--and you will feel enjoyment and that of his creatures. Yet
SO much more at home with yourself!
nothing is wasted and every detail is cared
Taking care of what we have does not for. Copying him in caring for what we
depend on how much we have. The ~te- have brings happifying results.
AWAKE!
leaves the individual who dies with reference to sm, but, rather, that he gets out
from Wlder its mastery and is no longer
its slave. To a large extent this comes
through individual choice. If one leans in
the right direction, toward righteousness,
there are powerful forces provided by God
to help him triumph over King Sin.-Rom.
6:18,20; Matt. 6:24.
Some may feel that to try to prevail
against sin is a losing battle and that, after
all, God himself is the one who has subjected us to this conflict. They point to
Paul's later words: "For the creation was
subjected to futility, not by its own will
but through him that subjected it." Yes,
it is true that mankind finds itself in this
conflicting condition, "not by its own will,"
but through inherited sin, having been so
subjected to this course through God's
having permitted Adam and Eve to bring
forth children after their act of disobedience. But let us not forget that God so subjected man "on the basis of hope." Even
before the birth of the very first of Adam's
offspring God had already announced in
the Bible's first prophecy that this sinful
condition of man would not continue without remedy. From the Garden of Eden on,
God has continually added assurance to
that first promise of release, and Paul
makes clear that taking hold of these provisions would make possible "that the creation itself also will be set free from enslavement to corruption."-Rom. 8:20,21.
The apostle John adds force to Paul's
argument when, in his first letter, he discusses the difference between "sin that
does not incur death" and "sin that does
incur death." Making the distinction clear,
he says: "We know that every person that
has been born from God does not practice
sin, but the One [Christ Jesus] born from
God watches him, and the wicked one [Satan] does not fasten his hold on him/'
28
'*
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
29
30
Conscientious Objection
~ A published report from
Rome, Italy, tells of a Roman
Catholic priest being sentenced
to eight months in prison and
a newspaper editor to six
months for giving and publishing an interview in which
the right to conscientious ob
jection to war was defended.
Both men were immediately
pardoned. Priest Ernesto 13alducci, a teacher of philosophy
in Florence, gave the interview.
At present there is no provIsion
in Italian conscription laws
for conscientious objectors. The
Guardian (Briti!.h newspaper)
stated that Signor Giuseppe
Gozzlni, a devout Roman Cath
olic who refused to bear arms,
was "the first Catholic to be
sentenced as a conscientious
objector; the other cases have
involved Jehovah's Witnesses."
The neutra.l stand of Jehovah's
witnesses is known throughout
the world.
Church Income
+ The
Vandallsm
The British government's
information office disclosed
that vandalism costs are astro-
'*
UI"Jlecessary Operatlons
A British doctor, John Fry,
reported in the November issue
of Parents magazine that there
are some 250,000 tonsil or
adenoid operations on children
a year in Britain. Many of
these, he says, are unnecessary.
The danger from such operations can be seen in the fact
that between thirty and forty
normal, healthy children die
every year in Britain as a
'*
Giving More
~PIRITUAL NEEO(
Send now
THE WATCHTOWER
1 year, 7/(for Australia! 8/-; for South Africa, 70cJ.
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please aend me The Watchtower for one year. I am enclOSing 7/_ (for Australia, S/-, for South
Africa 700). For mailing the coupon I am to receIve free the three booklets Security Durin(l "War
'!/,
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Town.
FEBRUARY 8, 1964
31
Impossible, you say? It can't happen here, you say? But the
Bible says it can-and will-in our generationl And, what is
more, we are warned that when this devastation of all religious activity comes it will be too late to act for our salvation.
So, the question really is
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
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32
A WAKE!
Discoveries in Antarctica
PAGE 12
Pr68.dent
GUNT SUIHB.
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om...
for .."u,.o"!hlJ ,dill"".
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Whon .Ihor "a.,IIUo", .rt I''', tlb I. "'orly ,ted.
l~
edition.
CONTENTS
Sow Righteousness, Reap
Loving,Kindness
Remember the Things God Has Done
How Shall Youth Be Educated?
SUfficiently Equipped
Discoveries in Antarctica
Why Checks Bounce
Monuments of Praise
15
16
3
5
8
11
12
,,
,
,
1
,,
Volum .. XLV
~@)(~:~7
~Righteousness
Number 4
Loving-Kindness
MONG the better-known Bible princi- thority? Keep doing good, and you wilJ
ples that all who would be wise do well have praise from it."-Rom. 13:3.
to be guided by is this: "Do not be misThis same principle also finds an appliled: God is not one to be mocked. For cation to our everyday relations. At times
whatever a man is sowing, this he will also someone may complain because it seems
reap."-Gal. 6:7.
that a parent, or a foreman, or a schoolA principle closely related to that one, teacher, or an overseer in a Christian con~
though little known, and which might be gregation, shows special love for someone.
said to be a variation of it, reads: "Sow But it may well be that the recipient of
seed for yourselves in righteousness; reap that special love is more conscientious in
in accord with loving-kindness." (Hos. 10: the discharge of his duties and is not sim12) How does this principle apply?
ply looking for favor. Likewise, wives who
are
conscientious housekeepers, mates and
From the context of these words it is
apparent that Jehovah God is speaking to mothers often reap more love from their
his wayward people of the ten-tribe king- husbands than do those who put greater
dom of Israel. He is counseling them to do effort into looking pretty in order to win
what is right or just, to sow seed, as it their husbands' approval.
were, in righteousness. Doing so, they
The words of Hosea 10:12, 'sow righcould hope to reap the favor or loving- teousness, reap loving-kindness,' are also
kindness of their God Jehovah.
true in another way, because those in auThe apostle Paul makes a similar point thority, by sowing righteousness, can hope
in counseling Christians to be in SUbjection to reap loving-kindness from those in subto the secular governments, the superior jection to them.
authorities or higher powers. Among the
That is why the Bible, which contains
reasons he gives for Christians' doing so wisdom from God, has long reminded faare: "Those ruling are an object of fear, thers to enforce discipline in dealing with
not to the good deed, but to the bad. Do their sons: "The one holding back his rod
you, then, want to have no fear of the au- is hating his son, but the one loving him is
A WAKE!
T:HE
T:HINGS
GOI'
:HAS DONE
T IS a fine thing to remember kindnesses
received and to express appreciation for
them. But so many times these days people
forget.
Parents, for instance, may labor hard to
raise their young, but later on in life children all too often forget the things their
parents did for them. But not only do
many people forget their earthly parents,
they also forget the things that God has
done in their behalf.
The nation of Israel serves as an outstanding example of How quickly people
can forget God. For years the Israelites
had been slaves in Egypt, suffering great
oppression at the hands of the Pharaoh.
Their work load was extremely heavy, and
"the sons of Isra~ continued to sigh hecause of the slavery and to cry out in complaint, and their cry for help kept going
up to the true God because of the slavery.
So God looked on the sons of Israel and
God took notice."-Ex. 2:23, 25.
A Warning Example
Perhaps you will shake your head in
wonderment at how the Israelites could so
quickly forget these mjghty works of God.
But the big question today is: Do you remember these many things that God has
done? Or are you like succeeding generations of Israelites who heard about God's
marvelous works, but due to forgetfulness
did not act in harmony with what they
heard? After Jehovah delivered his people
into the Promised Land, the account says:
"The sons of Israel did what was bad in
Jehovah's eyes, and they were forgetful of
Jehovah their God and went serving the
Baals and the sacred poles."-Judg. 3:7.
For hundreds of years these people continued forgetting, despite Jehovah's efforts
to call these to remembrance. "From the
day that your forefathers came forth out
of the land of Egypt until this day," Jeho~
yah said, "I kept sending to you all my
6
th,e
chap. 9. 113.
because God's unalterable Word designates this as the time for executing judgment against this wicked World. Jesus' farreaching prophecy concerning events that
would immediately precede this fiery execution is now in course of fulfillment.
Prominent features of that prophecy such
as world war, famine, pestilence, earthquakes, the increase of lawlessness and
the agitation of the restless seas of humanity are everywhere in evidence.-Matt.
24:3-12; Luke 21:25, 26.
Particularly noteworthy is the fulfillment of the key feature of the sign. Jesus
said that "this good news of the kingdom
will be preached in all the inhabited earth
for a witness to all the nations; and then
the end will come." In keeping with this
prediction, God has sent forth his witnesses. Like God's prophets of old, they encourage the people to remember the things
God has done. Read God's Word, they urge.
Observe how faithful he has always been
to his promises. Consider present-day
events in the light of the Bible prophecies
concerning the "last days." If a person
does, he will find that the things foretold
in these prophecies dovetail perfectly with
the events occurring today.-Matt. 24:14;
2 Tim. 3:1-5; 2 Pet. 3:3, 4.
VJhat, then, will you do in the face of
the evidence? Do not be like the Israelites
of old who "were continually making jest
at the messengers of the true God and
despising his words and mocking at his
prophets." Those persons forgot God, and
suffered terribly as a result. Do you also
have to wait- until God begins his execution before you respond? Then it will be
too late. Inform yourself now. Study God's
Word. Listen to his witnesses. By seeking
his favor now you will be assured of protection when, in the near future, God executes those who have fon~otten him.
-2 ehron. 36:15-17; Zeph. 2:::::.
7
~~~~~~~~~~~~::::.~:~~
skills
[of writing
speaking
and and
literately]
to
grammatically
the extent needed for law study." And observes I. L. Kandel, professor emeritus of
education. Teachers College, Columbia
University: "It is frequently admitted,
first, that the high school is trying to give
some form of secondary education to pupils who have only fourth-, fifth-, or sixthgrade reading and arithmetic ability, and
second, that about 60 percent of the pupils
in high schools are wasting their time and
making no progress in education."
How strongly many parents feel about
"progressive education" was demonstrated
within the past year by parents in California, where education had been more
"progressive" than anywhere else in the
United States. In a statewide election,
those parents, by a majority of 250,000,
elected a small-town superintendent of
schools to be their state superintendent.
Why was this relatively unknown man able
to win out over an opponent that had the
support of the governor and state political,
educational and even labor organizations?
He answers:
"For one reason only. I alone stood up
and said loudly and clearly that Progressive Education had led California up a
cul-de-sac [blind alley], and that I opposed
AWAKE!
A Wrong Foundation
What is wrong with "progressive education"? First of all, its very foundation.
FEBRUARY 22, 1964
10
and "felt needs" has been the sloWing down a disturbing extent upon lack of interest
of the child's intellectual development and rather than knowledge." And says a late
the speeding up of his social growth by 1963 report, published in the New York
means of dancing lessons, social adjust- Times? September 1, 1963, regarding - a
ment, and so forth.
United States study: "Parents' interest in
The remedy, of course, is to teach youth the activities of their children appears to
the way he should be
diminish after their
taught, by returning
first child. It is freCOMING IN THE NEXT ISSUE
to the basic essentials
quently the second
Christian Worship-Emotional Dr
and enforcing discichild, the study
Rational and Scriptural?
pline and requiring
found, who watches
The Art at Cooking.
Friendly Bermuda.
obedience. It is indeed
television eleven or
Is Gambling Right for Christians?
of interest that in
more hours a week,
times past such textdislikes reading for
books as McGuffey's readers featured Bi- pleasure, is 'passive' in musical interests
ble history and Bible principles.
and-as a result of all this-receives average or below average grades in school."
The Parent8' Responsibility
The same report went on to show that
Before parents become too indignant at where parents were very strict their chilthe folly and at the waste of youthful time dren got above average grades.
and energies and the parents' money'We used to go to school to learn arith"progressive education" costs far more metic and our parents took us to the zoo,
than traditional education-it would be but now teachers take the children to the
well for parents themselves to do a little zoo and parents teach them arithmetic,' is
soul searching.
the way one wit put it. But how unfortuCould countless thousands of pupils be nate is the child who is not taught arithmany classes behind in their reading skill metic by either parent or the schoolteachif their parents really cared? Does it not er, nor reading and writing either! True,
concern you when your son in the tenth parents cannot assume the responsibility
grade has only a fourth-grade reading of teaching their children all school subability? Are you not concerned with what
jects, but they can see to it that they behe is learning, how he is being taught and
what progress he is making? True, mod- come skilled in the most basic one of all,
ern report cards do not help you much, but reading, for upon it all other education dethey are no excuse for parental indiffer- pends. More than that, by instilling habits
ence. And there is widespread parental of lndustry, conscientiousness, a thirst for
knowledge and a respect for authority,
indifference.
parents
can largely counteract the deleteA survey in England in 1961 revealed
rious
effects
of modern "progressive eduthat "people's views of education, even
where it touches them closely, are based to cation."
SUFFICIENTLY EQUIPPED
It is well known that an octopus has eight arms, but did you know
lee, 1964
11
ROM the window c.f our Plan~'~;,~~~~~~" ,; va:tic:ii{ Autho.rities are convi~ced th~t
the traffic of ChrIstchurch, New ,;~~" _$ld1 a study will be of great aSsIstance m
land, get smaller and smaner. With a l~~_:!citie forecast of weather conditions earthglimpse at civilization we settle back for-V- wide.
a ten-hour trip that is taking us south to
From the information already gathered,
the bottom of the globe. We are going to weathermen believe the world is getting
Antarctica, to a continent approximately warmer by about two or three degrees
twiCe the size of the United States and every hundred years.
containing four-fifths of the world's ice.
Another interesting observation conThere hundreds of scientists from nine na- cerning the weather came from British extions are dOing polar research and our in- plorer Sir Vivian Fuchs after he led an
terest is to find out what discoveries they expedition over 2,158 uncharted miles in
have made.
the first land crossing of Antarctica. ComWe are only five and a half hours out menting on the findin~ of coal in the Theof Christchurch when the northern edge of ron Mountains and limestone boulders canthe great ice pack comes into view. Excite- taining fossils of a rare group, he said:
ment is high. Before long our flight of "Like other expeditions, our discovery of
2,200 miles will be over and we will be coals and fossil plants shows that a much
landing at McMurdo Sound on a runway of warmer climate existed over the Antice more than eleven feet thick.
arctic in time past. It seems that either
McMurdo Sound is a stretch of frozen the whole surface of the globe was warmer
sea fifty miles wide separating Antarctica or that the Antarctic continent was not at
from Ross Island. Here at McMurdo in that time situated at the South Pole."
1955 the United States set up a supply base
for their "Operation Deep Freeze."
Minerals. Earthquakes, Volcanoes
To welcome us as we step out of our
Geologists have been busy too. The JapaSuper Constellation is a dry 20c tempera- nese claim to have discovered deposits of
ture. It's summer in Antarctica! A look pitchblende containing a large proportion
around reveals on one side of the Sound of radium. Altogether, 172 different kinds
the blue mountains of the Continent and of metal have been found in Antarctica but
on the other side Ross Island, where Ant- not in sufficient quantity for commercial
arctica's only active volcano, 13,350-foot mining. However, less than one percent
Mt. Erebus, trails a white stream of smoke. of the continent has been geologically
surveyed.
There are no earthquakes in Antarctica,
Weather Observations
One of the main reasons scientists are New Zealand seismologists at Scott Base,
in Antarctica is for meteorological obser- a few miles from McMurdo Sound, say a
12
AWAKEI
possible reason for this is~the ice cap covering the continent. Quakes that have been
recorded seem to originate near the Ross
Sea. It is believed, therefore, that these
are "icequakes," probably caused when icebergs break off from the Ra,<ls ice shelf.
An extinct volcano, said to be "the
southernmost volcano in the world," was
discovered in 1962 by an Ohio State University geological field party. It is located
220 miles from the South Pole.
13
of the experimE>nts medical people can do," pare stores and rations for next summer's
But for those considering Antarctica as a field work, and repair sledging and climbfuture health resort, remember that open ing equipment.
wounds heal slowly here and pain from
Life at the base is not monotonous. One
"dry socket" is common in the case of technical officer sa.jd: "The first winter is
tooth extractions.
very exciting. You are always running out
Do people become acclimatized to the to look at the aurora and measuring tern
Antarctic weather? A British doctor says peratures and wind speeds. The second
they can become used to it. Being out in winter is interesting. But you know what
the cold two hours a day acclimatizes a is coming."
When the men are not working, their
man, and if he is given two blankets and
told to go to sleep in 32 temperature he leisure hours are taken up with movies, unwill not wake up two hours later when the rehearsed concerts, educational courses
and art classes in leatherwork, ceramics,
blankets are taken away.
We could go on to learn of discoveries painting, and so forth.
Four nights a week at Scott Base a
made in the study of snow density, stratification, snow crystals, the variation of radiotelephone service operates between
snowdrifts, the earth's magnetism and Antarctica and New Zealand, enabling men
electrical currents, and the behavior of to talk with friends and families.
partjcles in the upper atmosphere, but let
Some use the extra time to meditate.
us deviate to examine the daily life at a Said one meteorOlogist, after spending a
typical polar base.
year at the South Pole: "In the long winter night I have had time to think about
Life at an Antarctic Base
a lot of things, and I have found out more
It is a onesex environment. No women about myself."
live in Antarctica because, as one authoriTo boost morale at the Amundsen-Scott
ty said, they would require special accom- South Pole station in 1962, marigolds were
modation and conveniences. Not that they grown there for the first time. Lights were
cannot take the cold as well as men, but switched on and off to simulate day and
problems would arise on field trips. Two- night and the plants were nurtured in
man teams sometimes pull a sledge carry chemically compounded soil.
ing as much as 750 pounds. They live in
When winter begins to lose its grip and
tents six feet six inches square and never the warmer months of October-February
wash.
set in, there is plenty of outdoor work to
At McMurdo Sound street signs identify do. A new runway must be chipped and
Forrestal Avenue, Burke Boulevard and leveled out from the reformed bay ice for
Honey Bucket Lane. In strategic locations the coming seaSOn's support planes. This
are thirty-four houses. Some are shaped job alone takes 100,000 man-hours. Then
like half-moons. Inside each hut an oil numerous field trips must be undertaken.
stove burns with a can of water set nearby
to add moisture to the dry air.
The Future
The men keep active in a seven-hour
Antarctic research will undoubtedly
workday during winter. They erect new bring about changes in the future. Within
huts, make alterations in others, carry out the next ten years an airline route may be
a maintenance program on mobile equip- going over the South Pole. This would cut
ment, keep generator engines running, pre- 1,500 miles off the trip from Australia to
14
AWAKE!
15
By "Awake!" correspondent
in Great Britoin
ONUMENTS declare
what has happened in
Lhe past. Accurate likenesses
and well-phrased inscriptions
cause events and individuals
to be remembered over many
years. Either by deliberate
design or by mere chance
preservation, monuments in
great variety have survived
the ravages of time. Some
honor great men, kings,
heroes, explorers, priests.
Some memorialize an ancient battle. Others testify
to the accomplishments of a
past civilization or tell of
their religious activities
and deities. After the individuals die, the systems
end and the cities crumble away, the monuments
remain to remind succeeding generations of a
glory that once existed.
Due to its dry climate
and the protective layers of sand that
quickly mantle disused structures, the land
of Egypt is a veritable treasure-house of
ancient monuments revealing ways of life
throughout its long history. Its pyramids,
sphinxes, tombs, temple ruins and obelisks
are well known the world around. Recently
bids to preserve the ancient temple of Abu
Simbil from the rising waters of the Aswan Dam focused public attention on the
elaborate tomb of Rameses II with its
statues to Ptah, the creator deity, and Ra,
the sun-god.
Cleopatra's Needle
A wellMknown example of an ancient
Egyptian monument now stands many
miles from its original site, located on the
16
Thames Embankment in
London, England. Known
familiarly as "Cleopatra's
Needle," it is a fine example
of a huge monumenta.l obe-
17
fe,
196~
19
20
21
Here too a favorite hobby can serve a useful purpose. Do you take pictures and have
slides of your travels? Often these can con~
tribute to a very enjoyable evening, Or do
you have a tape recorder with some inter~
esting and perhaps unusual recordings that
others might enjoy hearing? Give thought
to these things before you leave, for hind~
sight will not be of much use, But a word
of caution: Do not let your enthusiasm
make you unduly prominent, usurping the
host's position.
In particular does the art of being a fine
guest obligate the Christian minister to
contribute toward the upbuilding of those
who are his hosts. Conversation all too fre~
quently gravitates to trivial things. The
Christian minister, if alert and resourceful,
can tactfully steer the trend to something
upbuilding that is at the same time interesting and enjoyable, and doubtless all will
afterwards thank him for his moral courage in doing so.-l Cor. 10:23; 14:26.
Here again we have the example of Je~
sus to turn to. Why did he eat and drink
with tax collectors and sinners? Just to
satisfy his hunger or for a social good
time? No, but so as to be able to help
them, even as he indicated in replying to
those who had criticized him for doing so:
"Those who are healthy do not need a
physician, but those who are ailing do. I
have come to call, not righteous persons,
but sinners to repentance." As a good guest
he gave something valuable to his hosts.
-Luke 5: 30-32.
Likewise with his visits with those of
his followers that were especially close to
him, as when he was the guest of Lazarus,
23
Ilmonomi_no_:70 "
By "Awake!" correspondent in Japan
AWAKE!
26
AWAKE!
27
28
Crisis In Pan8.lJl1t
Zanzibar In Revolt
The island of Zanzibar, with
a population of 340,000, be
came an independent nation
on December 10 and shortly
thereafter a member of the
United Nations. On January 12
African rebels swept through
that nation's capital city and
overthrew the predominantly
Arab regime. First reports
stated that the loss of life was
heavy.
~
29
'*
Nuclear SlIPl)ly
ing to a United
Pr(~ss
Interna-
30
'*
Rail Disaster
It was 5:20 a.m., Saturday,
'*
Peace Offensives
with talks between West Germany's Chancellor Ludwig Erhard and President Johnson of
the United States. President
Johnson sent greetings to Soviet Premier Khrushchev and
Soviet PresIdent Brezhnev In
Moscow saying that the
strengthening of peace is the
"highest purpose in the new
year" of thE' American people
and their government. "'The
time for simply talking about
peace, however." Johnson said,
"has passed and 1964 :should
be a year in which Wi! take
further steps toward that
goal."
'*
'*
'*
HomOllexuaUty Gl'owth
New York City is faced
with What is probably "the
greatest homosexual popula.
tion in the world," said Rob
ert C. Doty in the New York
Time8, December 17. He pointed out that there were more
than a thousand Inverts ar
rested in the city annually for
pUblic misdeeds. The old idea
that homosexuality is an in
born, incurable disease, is not
true. Homosexuality can be
both prevented and cured.
Eightythree percent of some
300 homosexuals indicated ba
sic dissatisfaction with thefr
life. But an overwhelming 97
percent said they would not
change, even if change were
easy.
A WIfe'. Worth
.. Recently a t'ederal court in
the United States ruled that
a husband was entitled to
$150,000 for the wrongful death
of his wife. She cHed following
a blood transfusion. According
to Parade, November 24, here
is the judge's evaluation: "1
conclude that the expense to
the father of providing the
children a home, the services
of a suitable person to run
the home and minister to the
children's needs, and the services of domestic help can be
met by providing the plaintiff
$8,500 per year for 18 years.
Compounded at 4%, that is
$98,838." A further $25,000 was
awarded the husband for the
loss of his wife's companion
ship and $26,000 to cover fu
neral expenses, pain and suffering. But, really, is it possible
to evaluate all these things in
terms of money?
People are in fear of the criminal elements, from the teen-age gangs to the
powerful underworld criminal syndicates; they are in fear of cancer and
other ills; they are fearful of depression and unemployment, of losing loved
ones, of the population explosion, of
atomic fallout and of nuclear war.
Why are there such unprecedented causes for fear?
Is peace of mind possible? Send for the booklet
living in Hope of a Righteous New World
It is 4d; 7 for 1/8 (for Australia, 5d; 7 for 2/-;
for South Africa, 3te; 7 for 17e)
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
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PI"""e send me " .. ,,'''''' cop(Y. -Ies) (each d; 7 tor l/S [for Australia, 5d; 7 for 2/; for South
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the tlmely bookleta Whim AU Notw ... U.dtll U"tJer God'. KI"gdom Whe1< God B~. P _ to
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32
AWAKE!
Christian Worship-Emotional
or Rational and Scriptural?
PAGE
MARCH 8, 1964
21
'"-,,----
GUNT
SUlTlCR. fileeretary
3,800,000
Om.n
lor " .. lmonthl, .dltions
Amerl.., U.S.. 111 Mom, SIl\>.t. Blookl)III. N.Y. 11201 $1
Alstrllll. 11 8 .... "'''''" Rd., SUIllIneld, N.S.W.
S/
C...do. 150 Brldgollnd M . Toro"10 19, Ont.
U
hllaftd. W.tch Tower Bou,..
'l'II. Rldg,way, London N_W. 7
f/.
I .. %.alollll, 621 N... North Rd., Auoklond. B.W. 1
f/_
So.u. Af.I.., Prholll BllI 2. P.O. Elln~'fo.t.ln, T>L roc
(.o.t~IY Mltlo., cost hIlI Ih. lb ral ... )
R,m!HI .... lor SIll\9,rlpUOllS .hould b, senl to th. omee In
your '0UIIt.r)r. Otherwl.... nd your _JUlIn .. to Hrookll'll.
btlee 01 ,I.allo. 10 .enl II I...r. \110 Isou," botor.
n.
Print.d 10 Enlll.Dd
tIIbscr!vtloo .. pl"~
Tho 8111. 17o.,loU.. rlDllltly nod In "Ann!" I. tho N.. WOI"Id Tranll.tlooo of Iho Holy Script"'., 1~1 odillo
Whl. Ilh tun,laU....... 1IMd, Ihl. b Ilarl, .. arkM.
CONTENTS
3
5
9
12
15
16
2Q
21
23
24
'ZI
29
MAROH 8, 1964
Number 6
SPEARING
ABOUT
REALITIES
must be designated as indifferent," he said.
"The questions about God's existence, a
possible life beyond the present one, a
higher world, and so forth,-simply do pot
seem to exist. If anyone should bring up
such things in conversation in better company he would risk being met with painful
and shy silence ... 'Let us speak of something else, let us speak of realities,' they
would say. And 'realities' mean such things
as collective agreements between employers and labor, the countryside's depopulating, or Khrushchev's latest moves."
But are God, angels and the prospects
for future life unrealities, that is, mere
ideas, things that are unreal, imaginary or
fictitious? Stop for a moment and consider.
Is that which is responsible for what is
seen unreal because it is unseen? For example, is invisible electricity less of a
reality than the visible light for which it
is responsible? While one may be absorbed
in the picture that television waves bring
3
to his television set, would any knowledge- joy discussing the niceties of atomic mat
able person contend that the invisible ter, and, with convincing evidence, could
waves are an unreality although the pic- prove to an interested person the existence
ture they produce is real? Of course not! of atoms.
So it is that God, his invisible creations
Well, then, how can an intelligent, reasonable person examine the intricate move- and his yet-to-be-fulfilled promises are
ments of the heavenly bodies, and, while considered by some as unrealities. It is not
acknowledging their reality, deny the real- that they are actually unreal, imagin~ry;
ity of the One who set them in their or- but the fault lies in people's incomplete or
bits? And what about
inaccurate informaman's marvelous retion about God and
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
productive process,
his purposes. This is
Faith Without Hypocrisy.
whereby one infinthe point the SwedAdult Delinquency Rubs Off.
itesimally small male
ish writer Alf AhlEcumenical Council-Its Record to Date.
sperm unites with a
berg
made in his arShould YOu euy on the Installment Plan?
female egg, and,
ticle. He wrote:
then, in turn, the fer"One of the reatilized egg develops according to a master sons [God and his invisible creations are
plan until finally a baby is born? How considered tmrealities] is without question
can one accept the reality of this miracle that there is something radically wrong
and, at the same time, deny that an All- in our teaching of Christianity .... A proPowerful Wise One is responsible for the fessor of History of Religion told me that
marvelous laws that govern the develop- he sometimes asks his students, when they
ment of the human fetus? Truly there can are up for examination, which is the last
book of the Bible. Not a word of reply.
be no question that a Supreme Reality is
Comments are unnecessary!"
responsible for these visible, very real
With such little knowledge concerning
results.
God and his Word, it is no wonder people
But why, then, is there likely to be a question his existence. Yet how vital it is
"painful and shy silence" when this mar- to Our everlasting welfare to come to an
velous God and his wonderful purposes are accurate knowledge of Him and his purbrought up in conversation in so-called poses! God is real! He is the Creator of
"better company"? Is it not for a similar man and all the marvels in heaven and
reason that a question regarding electron- earth. Why, in comparison with Him, "all
ics or nuclear physics would likely be . the nations are as something nonexistent,"
greeted with uncomfortabre silence at a his Word says; "as nothing and an unreality they have been accounted to him."
women's sewing circle?
Because of limited knowledge such a -Isa.40:17.
How important it is, then, for us to get
group might well greet explanations about
the movements and paths of different atom- the right perspective-to consider things
ic particles with disbelieving looks. They from God's viewpoint! Truly, he is the Suo
probably would want to change the subject preme Reality, and only if we recognize
and talk about something that was to them that and continue to serve him will we enmore of a reality. Yet, at the same time', joy his blessing of eternal life in his righa group of electrical engineers would en- teous new order of things.
4
AWAKE!
OR
RATIONAL
A..ND
SC,RIPTURAL?
HAT comes first in Chris- On what should this mind. Typical of such is
tian worship? On what the emphasis be the report by a London Baptist
should the emphasis be laid?
placed? What is clergyman that appeared in
Is Christianity a religion in
The Eastern Churches Quarter
emphasized in
which the emotions and the esly, Vol. XV, 1963, 1, 2. Accordyour religion?
thetic sense or the appreciation
ing to him, "the Divine Liturgy
of things beautiful are chiefly
in a Russian Church, with the
appealed to, or is it a religion in which the congregation taking a considerable part,
appeal is made to the intellect, to reason, more readily touches the deeper springs of
to the conscience and to faith in the in- human personality. I would testify that
spired Scriptures?
never before have I felt so completely part
Many of the churches of Christendom of the total worshiping community. . . .
put great stress on that which appeals to The Orthodox Church, at its traditional
the senses, to the eyes and to the ears. worship, is already a church engaged in
They feature beautiful architecture, beaumission."
tiful furnishings, beautiful vestments,
And says Protestant Lowrie in his book
beautiful pictures, stained-glass windows
and beautiful ritual, together with beauti- The Light 0/ Russia: "Take, for instance,
ful music. This appears to be especially the devotional side of religion. When you
true of the Eastern Orthodox Churches, visit an Orthodox ChUrch the service may
and of the Russian Orthodox Church in be sung in a language you do not underparticular.
stand, yet your heart is lifted up in the
Thus Zernov in The Russians and Their true worship of the congregation, you
Church states: "The service on Easter sense the nearness of God and the beauty
night is an experience which has no paral. of his praise. It is this side of religion
leI in the worship of other nations . . . . which the Russian Church has preserved
Moscow stands for the unsurpassed beauty. for us in a way unequalled in history....
and glory in worship. Her Church repre She has much to teach us of the need and
sents the most devotional and most artistic beauty of devotion .... In one other phase
of all the Christian traditions." And says of religious experience the Russian Church
,Fedotov in The Russian Religious Mind: without doubt excels all others. It is im"The esthetic side of worship ... remains possible for a Western Christian to listen
one of the most constant features of the unmoved and uninspired to the music
Russian religion."
which forms so important a part of the
Even some Protestants appear to be of service.... No words can give an adequate
MAROH 8, 1964
AWAKE!
MARCH 8, 1964
THE ART OF
(AN
~~J ~"-c!,~:! LEARN
MARCH 8, 1964
10
Seasoning
Seasoning is an integral part of good
cooking. If foods are not properly seasoned, they taste flat and unappetizing.
Although recipes give precise amounts of
salt, pepper and other spices to be used,
it is the continual experimenting of the
cook that will enable her to become adept
at seasoning.
When seasoning, one must keep in mind
that the purpose is not to produce a predominant taste, but, rather, to accentuate
the natural flavor already found in the
food. The cook that carries out the season~
AWAKE!
MABOH 8, 1964
11
To experience firsthand Bermuda's natural delights and her people's wann friendliness no longer requires
a hazardous voyage with
a possible disastrous end
on the coral reefs surrounding the islands. The
approximately 700 nautical miles southeast
from New York City can be comfortably
navigated in just two and a half hours by
jet plane, or about forty cruiSing hours
aboard a luxurious ocean liner.
Recently, a huge jetliner slowly banked
into a graceful curve and pointed its nose
toward the long gleaming runway. A
young passenger called out excitedly,
"Look at all those white roofs. The houses
are different colors but the roofs are all
white and they have ledges around them
-they're all the same. I wonder why
that is?"
As the plane came smoothly to a standstill and passengers began unfastening
their seat belts, a stewardess who had
overheard the question leaned over the eager young traveler and said, 'There are
no rivers or wells of freshwater on these
islands. This is the peak of an extinct volcano now covered with coral rock. Bermudians construct most of their roofs of coral
stone and they are specially built to trap
as much rain as possible and divert it to
tanks under the houses. Johnny, why don't
you ask a Bermudian to explain to you
exactly how they do it? Don't be shy. The
people who live here are some of the most
friendly people in the world)"
Yes, the approximately 50,000 descendants of the hardy settlers here have earned
for themselves a reputation for friendli
ness.
12
AWAKE!
Traffic Problems
Friendly Shopping
The port of Hamilton boasts one of the
most unusual waterfronts in the world. On
one side of Front Street is the dockside
and on the other a row of neat and colorful
stores, stocked with the finest merchandise that Bermuda's astute merchants
bring back frQm all cO"tners <If the ee.:rth.
A sight that Hamiltonians and visitors
alike never tire of watching takes place
every Monday morning when the luxury
liner "Queen of Bermuda" sails majestically into the harbor and finally docks at
Front Street, her bow resting practically
cheek-by-lowl with the stores. across. the
street.
As the eager visitors swann down the
gangplank, cross the street and spill into
the stores in frantic search of English
cashmere sweaters and precious French
perfume, they are met by calm, courteous
salesclerks. Instantly and noticeably. tension evaporates, the shoppers slow their
AWAKEI
pace and everybody enjoys the shopping time helping you build the roof." A typical
spree,
\ housebuilding is almost a community projThe terrific tension of competitive sell- ect in Bermuda.
ing so much in evidence elsewhere is noThese kind people are not suspiciOUS
ticeably missing in Bermuda, Courtesy is when a visitor knocks at their door. The
the key word, and if the particular item . caller may be a complete stranger but is
sought is not in the store, the shopper is never met with a surly, "Who are you?"
considerately advised to "Try So-and-so or, "What do you want?" or, "Whatever
down the street; I think you'll find it it is you're selling, I don't want it."
there,"
.The householder is not concerned about
Asked what he thought was the under- the skin color of his visitor either. These
lying reason for this courteous attitude on people maintain good relations among the
the part of the island's salespeople, a Ber- races. The white, the colored and the many
muda Trade Development Board spokes- of Portuguese extraction who have settled
man said, "Bermudians are interested in here, all live quite amicably side by side
people, but not to the extent that they along any little country lane.
want to use them." This thoughtful obserA knock on the average Bermudian's
vation accurately identifies the motive of door will usually elicit the following rea whole island of friendly people.
marks from the householder: "Hello, how
are you,? Won't you please step in and
Living Conditions
make yourself comfortable. Now, what can
The island's sound economy undoubtedly I do for you?" This kind person, like many
contributes considerably to the Bermudi- of his neighbors over the entire island,
an's lack of tension and irritability. Ber- will respond enthusiastically if the visitor
muda proudly boasts of having no unem- is calling to discuss the wonderful promployment, no taxes, no national debt-the ises of the Bible. These kindly people are
books of government always being bal- rare among earth's inhabitants-they are
anced "in the black." Poverty breeds dis- not only Bible owners; they are interested
couragement. and unhappiness, which are in what it has to say. They read their
hardly inducements to spontaneous friend- Bibles.
liness, warmth and hospitality.
Those honesthearted ones who seek acPeople are always ready to help one an- curate knowledge from the Word of God
other, and not with financial gain in mind. are quick to acknowledge that, while their
Overheard on a street in quaint old St. beautiful little semitropical island, nestling
George-the oldest town on the island- snugly in the protective warmth of the
was this conversation: "Hello, there, so Gulf Stream, may have seemed like Parayou're going to build your own house! dise to Mark Twain; the promised ParaPlease let me do the wiring for you; you dise of the Bible will cover the whole earth
were such a wonderful help to me when I like a beautiful garden. In that global Parwas building. Say, we'll all have a great adise, all the inhabitants will be friendly.
15
16
AWAKE!
17
AntisQcial in Principle
Bad as are the fruits of gambling, such
are not the only reason, in fact, not even
the chief reason why gambling is not right
for Christians. It is not right even when,
because of strict controls, it might not be
exploited by organized crime. Gambling is
antisocial in principle, and especially does
it run counter to Scriptural princ;iples,'
dearly making it not right for Christians.
As has well been noted, there are only
three honest forms of transferring property: in the form of a gift, in exchange for
labor, and in exchange for 'other valuable
goods. In each of these ways both parties
to the transfer are benefited. In the giving
of a gift both the giver and the receiver
are blessed, even as Jesus showed. (Acts
20:35) In the exchange on the basis of
labor, both the employer and the worker
supply to each other a basic need. In a
business transaction, likewise, both buyer
and seller supply basic needs. But not so
in gambling; only one party gains, the winner, and that at the pain or grief of the
other, the loser.
Gambling is unproductive. It does not
benefit society. Those catering to the desire to gamble cater to the weaknesses of
their fellowmen and do not scruple to take
unfair advantage of them. They therefore
bear a resemblance to those who traffic in
narcotics, in pornographic literature and in
illicit sex.
Gambling is antisocial, for those who
gamble are bound to lose-if not always
individually, nevertheless, they do lose as
a group. In national lotteries not only the
government but also those who sell the
tickets profit, some of the latter making
immense fortunes thereby. Who pays for
all this? Is it not the individual gambler?
18
1""0
a Christian he is free to choose his recreation so long as it does not conflict with
Bible principles. However, it is also well
to consider the associations involved and
the effect this could have on his life.
-1 Cor. 15:33.
But can it be said to be wrong just to
put a few pieces of change into a "football
pool" at the office or for youths to pitch
pennies at a line on the sidewalk to see
who comes closest and who will win all?
The amount makes no difference. The principle is the same.
Does this mean that all games involving
an element of chance are wrong? Not at
all. If no "stakes" are involved, it is not
gambling, for there is then no extortion.
And as for the matter of chance, usually
in such games the players endeavor to eliminate that element to the extent possible
by their skill. However, if there is an in
voking ot "Lady Luck, to win, even if no
money is involved, it is wrong, for this
amounts to leaving Jehovah and turning
to false gods.
Then what about receiving a prize from
a business establishment that gives out
Where to Draw the Line
tickets to its customers and then at a
Gambling being basically wrong, no ded- "drawing" announces the winning number?
icated Christian should have anything to do If this is simply their way of making an
with it, either in gambling himself or in impartial selection of customers to whom
helping in any way to operate a gambling they will give gifts as a form of advertisenterprise. Although according to some ing, and the customeB do not pay lOI' the
theologians it is not wrong for a man to tickets, they are not gambling. So it is an
gamble if he has the money to spare, that
individual matter as to whether a Chrisis merely evading the issue. He certainly
tian wants to try for the gift or not and
is not betting to lose. And if he wins he
then accept it if he wins.
is getting from others money with which
The crux of the matter is this: Did you
they do not want to part. He is an extortioner. He has not worked for it; he has pay for your "chance" and do you stand
given neither goods nor services in return to win what others have paid for like
for it, and what he receives certainly is not "chances"? Does it pit you against your
a gift.
neighbor and put you in line to be, in ef
Is it wrong, then, for a man to attend fect, an extortioner? Or do you invoke
a horse race or other sporting events? "Lady Luck" to win? If so, then it is
No, not so long as he does not gamble. As gambling and it is not right for Christians!
MAROH 8, 1964
19
20
080364
AWAKE!
MARaH 8, 1964
21
Imponderables of Changeover
The problems involved in changing from
one side to the other are stupendous. For
example, for Australia to change it is estimated that, with a warning Period of five
years, a cost of 200 million would be involved simply to switch the steering mechanism of the three million cars on its roads
from the right to the left side of the dashboard. The cost of changing the steering,
pedals and panel instruments would range
from 110 on a Volkswagen and smaller
cars to over 300 on American and
British-made, cars. In addition, Australia
is planning on spending some 810 million
within the next ten years on a roadbuilding program. It is not likely that the
Australian will want to bear such a great
financial burden without first settling this
issue of changeover. But the problem of
changeover does not end there.
Let us assume an order was issued in
the land where you live that on the following morning everyone in the country was
AWAKE!
to drive on the oPlXlSite side of the road all other painted directional markings on
from that which was heretofore the cus- the road pavements. Some of these marktom. What would it be like? Would you ings are so difficult to obliterate that it
chance driving that morning? There is would mean a complete resurfacing of the
reason to believe that it would be hard on pavement area.
There are such additional problems as
the nervous system. Driving on the opposite side may appear simple at first, as rechanneling traffic at intersections where
when a tourist quickly learns to adjust traffic islands have been constructed. In
himself to opposite rules in force when some cases reverse lanes would need condriving in a foreign country. But it must struction, otherwise it would be impossible
be remembered that the visitor has the ad- to turn at these intersections. Some exits
vantage of driving in an environment al- and entrances of freeways would need modready adjusted to the rule in force and ification, otherwise it would not be posconsequently misjudgments are avoided by sible to get off them once you got on, that
simply observing what other native mo- is, if you found a way of getting on.
Legal problems doubtless would arise.
torists do. Even with an ample warning,
it is estimated that if a change were made Most likely, present policies of insurance
it would bring a lO-percent increase in ac- companies with their clients would need
cidents for each of the first three years. amending. It would be reasonable to exShould such a change become effective, pect that for some time after a change
it is suggested that 5 a.m. on a Sunday insurance companies would increase their
morning would become the zero hour. Four rates to cope with the inevitable increase
or five hours prior to this moment all ex- in accidents and personal injury as well as
cept essential traffic would be strictly property damage.
Additionally, the huge amount of statuforced to a standstill. During this time a
massive operation would take place to tory regulations and road laws would need
change thousands of road signs and traffic amending, such as who has the right of
control devices. All "Keep Left" signs way at an intersection, and so forth.
Designers are hard at work to alleviate
would have to read "Keep Right." All "No
Right Turn" signs would have to read "No some of these problems. They have thought
Left Turn." A large number of temporary of a center stick control for automobiles
signs would need to be installed at critical and, for the future, "automatic highways"
areas to remind all drivers to keep to the where all the driver does is set his in
right. Many of these signs could be in- struments and relax with his passengers
stalled beforehand but covered over until while the electronic brain guides the vehicle to the desired destination-he hopes.
the standstill period arrived.
The traffic flow in some one-way streets But until that time arrives, it appears that
would need reversal, and one of the great- at least for many years to come uniform
est problems facing a changeover is to rules internationally will be followed only
quickly alter the double center lines and by ships at sea and by the airways.
A Reason for Not Smoking
"'If I start smoking cigarettes, will my chances of dying of lung cancer go up
significantly?' The answer, as we have seen, is Yes. . . . 'If I stop smoking them,
will my chances of getting lung cancer go down?' The answer is again Yes."
23
24
25
Some animals meet the mountain's challenge by going to a lower altitude. With
the approach of the long winter, the elk,
the ibex and the bighorn sheep wind their
way down to the low valleys to find food
and shelter during the long months when
their mountain home will be covered in a
blanket of snow. Thanks to their Creator,
they begin to grow a heavy coat of winter
hair. With the coming of spring the pattern reverses, and the ever-beckoning call
of tender buds on the awakening foliage
keeps them moving higher and higher to
their mountain feeding grounds.
At Home Deep in the Snow
Just as plants meet the challenge of the
mountains by benefiting from the shelter
of snow, so do certain mountain mammals. For certain rodents, for instance,
life goes on without much change, even
when the mountain is engulfed by a raging
blizzard. For these mountain creatures
scurry about their affairs in their beneaththe-surface homes, below the blanket of
snow. For them sno\v is a protective covering, blotting out the cold, icy winds.
The meadow vole is one of the rodents
that meets the challenge of the mountains
by digging out a shelter under the snow.
In fact, so wcll docs the meadow vole
thrive W1der the mountain's snow that another problem may soon be engendered, a
"population explosion." How is this challenge on the mountain met? By a "population collapse." Strangely, when population has reached a saturation point, the
voles go into a wild state of excitement,
tearing every plant in sight to shreds. All
thought of breeding is forgotten. Since the
life expectancy of the vole is one year, the
population quickly drops. When it is sufficiently under control, the tension disappears and a return is made to the regular
pattern of living.
26
T TNLIKE
'millions
*' In November
of this year
of Americans will go
to the polls to decide whether
they want President Johnson
or another man as their president. However, in the remaining months the president can
do much to shape things to
his advantage by actions, statements and programs. In January the president made a giant
step toward gaining voter appeal when he announced that
he would wage a "war on poverty," emphasizing that he
would fight for better education and greater job opportunities. For some it was rcminiscent of President Franklin
D. Roosevclt's promise, in the
depth of the deprcssion in 1933,
to "wage a war against the
emergency" of widespread poverty. But thirty-one years later
there are still an estimated
35,000,000 Americans living in
poverty or clinging to its
fringes.
Arabs' Joint Command
'*'
Tribal Strife
~
A published Reuters Q:ispatch stated that "at least 8,000 men, women and children
of the Watusi tribe have been
killcd in reprisals for raids by
refugees of the tribe on Rwanda territory last December."
Bahutu tribesmen in Rwanda
recently broke the power of
the Watusis, their overlords
for many years. The Rwanda
government is now led by Bahutus. The tribal clashes in
29
30
Age of Automatfon
Pay Television
Insu,nt Pictures
.. As a result of a new type
of Tiros satellite, people in
India or in the heart of Africa
will know whether it will be
good weather to pave streets,
SEEK
JJappine:M?
1 year
The Watchtower
7/ (for
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
I am enclosing 7/. (tor Australia. 8/' for South Africa. 7Oc). Please s .. nd me The Watchtower
for one year. For mailing the coupon ':r am to receive free the timely booklets Ileahn!J of the
Nations IIa:s Drawn. NfJIlT, When God Bpealu Peace to At! Nation8 and "Look! I Am Making Ail
Thing~
New."
Name ....................... .
Post
Town ......... ~ .............................
MA/WH 8, 1964
31
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Plea,e send me the obJ(!ctlve Bible-study aid "All Scripturs 18 Inspired of Ood and Bmte/icial."
Jam endOHing 7/6 (for Australla., 8110: for South AfrIca. 75c).
Name
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AFFtICA: Private Bag 2, P.O. Elandafonteln, Tranevaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11301.
32
AWAj(.Jj"
3,850,000
u.s..
,..,t
bet.,.
r..,,,,.n,
.'ap,",,,. Ko",",
h....
TIM 81bl. traml.llon ".,tatty o.. d ll> "Awol.!" I, tho Now W",Cd T",n,lallo. of lb. H.I, SCrIJl ..... 1961 MillO .
Wh." othor ttln,foUo., '" ... d, Chi. I. ,Iouly mark .
CONTENTS
When Keeping Silent Is Not Golden
Faith Without Hypocrisy
12
Ecumenical Council
-Its Record to Date
Deceptive Situation
13
,.
,
l
"'t
Volumo XLV
"S
London, Enlilland,
PEECH is silvern,
keeping silent is golden," so reads an old Swiss
inscription. And without
doubt, time and again,
keeping silent is the wiser
course, Thus we read in
God's own Word that "the
one guarding his mouth is
keeping his soul, The one
opening wide his lips-he
will have ruin." "Even anyone foolish, when keeping silent. will he regarded as
wise; anyone closjng up hjs own lips, as having W1derstanding."~Prov. 13:3; 17:28.
But not always, There are occasions or
circumstances under which keeping silent
is not golden. As King Solomon of old well
pointed out: "There is ... a time to keep
quiet and a time to speak." Yes. at times
love for God, for one's neighbor, for righteousness may demand that" we speak out,
that we keep not silent, as when Jehovah
God ctlmmanded: "Call out full-throated;
do not hold back, Raise your voice just like
a horn, and tell my people their revolt, and
the house of Jacob their sins."~Eccl. 3:
1,7; Isa. 58:!'
Those possessing greater knowledge, or
occupying positions of trust, may at times
prefer to keep quiet, but their trust obligates them to call out and raise their
voice like a horn, Thus the clergy of Chris-
M.r~h
22, 1964
Number fI
IS NOT
GOLDEN
lands, including the United States, Israel Jesus' scathing denunciation of the rellglousJeaders of his day answers that ques.
and Sweden.
In the play there is a dialogue between tion.-Matt. 23:1-38; John 8:44.
Of course, the principle that there are
a Catholic priest, who is intensely concerned with the fate of the Jews, and his times when keeping silent is not golden
father, who is a papal chamberlain and a does not apply only to such great issues.
friend of the pope. Among other things, It can be brought down to everyday huthe son asks the father: "As the leader of man relations. For example, when there is
a half a billion Christians, 20 percent of a misunderstanding between close friends
whom are subjects of Hitler, is not the or relatives, the tendency often is for the
pope responsible for the moral climate of one who has been offended to brood in sithe world?" When the father assures the lence, to give the offender the "silent
son that the plight of the Jews is upon the treatment." At such times silence is not
heart of the pope, the son asks, "But what golden. Rather, then is the time to speak,
about his voice? Where is his voice?" And to seek an understanding and to effect a
when the father tells the son that the pope reconciliation, which is something that the
knows why he must remain silent and that j offended one owes to both himself and the
when Hitler's luck turns, the pope will one who has offended him. It takes effort,
speak out, the son replies, "By then there self-control, reason and love, but it can be
will be no more Jews left in Poland."
done.
In another scene the priest is shown
When, in addition to dealing with the
pleading with the pope, who is represented
problem in the right manner, one also
as saying, "True, the terror against the
jews is nauseating, yet we must not let it handles it at the right time, one will often
so anger us that we forget that Germany find that no slight was intended. By one's
has the duty of serving as the patron of not keeping silent the matter will be
the Catholic Church in the near future." straightened out and the friendship will
The play also tells of urgings that Hitler most likely be placed on a firmer basis
be sent an ultimatum, that his concordat than before. All such is in keeping with
with the Catholic Church be scrapped, and the wise counsel Jesus Christ gave: "If
so forth. But all such pleas fell upon deaf your brother commits a sin" against you,
"go lay bare his fault between you and him
ears.
No question about it, the Protestant and alone. If he listens to you, you have gained
Catholic clergy in Axis lands, and the pope your brother."-Matt.18:15.
And, of course, this principle also apin particular, had a great moral responsibility in connection with the annihilation plies in the Christian ministry. Whenever
of millions of Jews by the Nazis. A certain a dedicated Christian sees an opening to
Catholic bishop in Germany protested the bear witness to Jehovah and his kingdom,
wholesale euthanasia of mental defectives he is under necessity to tl;lke advantage of
and caused Hitler to stop this murderous it. Keeping silent in such an instance would
program, but did it occur to this bishop to also not be golden.-1 Cor. 9:16.
Happy is he who has the wisdom and
protest the murder of millions of Jews?
self-control
to be silent when he needs to
Had these clergy, one and all, been truly
the representatives or deputies of Jesus be and he who has the courage to speak
Christ, would they have remained silent? out when duty requires it of him!
4
AWAKE!
NE of the
most common objections
to religion today is the
prevalence of
h y poe r i s y.
'Churches preach
one thing and do the
other,' and, 'Multitudes of churchgoers pretend to
have principles and
beliefs that they do
not practice,' are
oft-heard complaints. Many persons contend that nowhere have they found
a faith without this hypocrisy, and, for
this reason, they are no longer interested
in religion.
Beautifully dressed, pious parishioners
filing into church with Bible in hand are
no inspiring scene to those who know that
the majority are merely putting on an outward appearance of godliness. (2 Tim. 3:
1, 2, 5) But what many find even more
objectionable is the way in which the
churches welcome rich and influential
members, regardless of what kind of lives
they live. It matters not whether they oppress others, live in adultery, lie, cheat and
steal; the clergy still welcome them with
open arms, as long as they contribute generously and look out for the welfare of the
church.
It is an acknowledged fact that such
hypocrisy is an integral part of modernday religion. Notorious Mafia or Cosa Nostra gangsters are respected members of
the Roman Catholic Church. When one of
their wealthiest and most ruthless members, Charlie (Lucky) Luciano, died two
years ago, he was honored with a requiem
mass by the church. As with the rest of
the Mafia, he was never excommunicated
During Wartime
But perhaps the churches' hypocrisy
during wartime has soured people on religion more than anything else. How quickly they line up behind their respective
political governments! Pulpits become recruiting posts, as the Prince of Peace is
quickly changed into a Prince of War. As
pointedly stated in the book Preachers
Present Arms: "A consideration of the
part taken by the clergymen and the
churches in our leading wars shows that
the government has been able to depend
conSistently upon organized religion for
support."
But why should opposing armies com+ Seattle Post-Intelligencer, August 5, 1962.
Racial Issue
Even during peacetime the churches are
careful to check which way the winds of
public opinion are blowing in order to do
what is popular. Those interested in a faith
without hypocrisy find such fence
straddling detestable. For example, where
segregation is practiced by the public, the
churches generally are in favor of it; many
clergymen even advocating segregation of
the races from the pulpit. But in places
where popular opinion does not favor segw
regation, the chW'ches condemn it as an
unscriptural showing of partiality for one
race over another.-Acts 10:34; 17:24w26;
Gal. 2:6.
This hypocrisy was recently exposed folw
lowing a Race Relations Sunday in the
United States. On this special day it is the
practice, in some places, for Negro and
white ministers to exchange pulpits. How
ever, a Cleveland, Ohio, minister, Richard
T. Andrews, refused to participate, for he
asserted: "I can see no earthly reason why
a Negro minister will be invited to a sub
urban area on one special Sunday to dew
liver a sermon, and yet be unable to live
in that area or be welcomed at worship in
that same church on the following Sunday."
He asked: "If the Christian Church still
finds it necessary to set aside one Sunday
a year to proclaim brotherhood, what does
Avoiding Hypocrisy
Perhaps you are one who is disturbed by
this religious hypocrisy. You may once
have been a regular attender at a church
or synagogue, and found appealing the
teaching, that one should' love God foremost, and. his neighbor as himself. (Deut.
6:5; Lev. 19:18; Matt. 22:37w39) But then
you observed that even though many pa
rishioners listened to that message on the
weekend, they were known publicly to be
adulterers, fornicators and unethical in
their business practices during the rest of
the week. Nevertheless, these persons rew
mained church members in good standing
as long as they supported the church ft
nancially. Have circumstances like this
soured you on religion?
This obvious hypocrisy in the churches,
however, does not mean that God is a
hypocrite, or that his Son Jesus Christ is.
God does not approve of this religious hypocrisy anymore now than he did in the
first centW'y. At that time his Son scathingly denounced the hypocritical religious
leaders with the words: "Woe to you,
scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because
you resemble whitewashed graves, which
outwardly indeed appear beautiful but inside are full of dead men's bones and of
every sort of uncleanness. In that way you
also, outwardly indeed, appear righteous
to men, but inside you are full of hypoc Cleveland PZahl DeaZer, February 19. 1961.
AWAKE!
risy and lawlessness."-Matt. 23:27, 28. may not at once rid their minds of oldSo rather than approve of religious hy~ world prejudices. However, in time they
pocrisy, God requires that his people wor~ are helped to make their minds over, for
ship him with spirit and truth. (John 4: Jehovah's witnesses do not condone WI24) First-century Christians made up such christian racial prejudices within their ora body of true worshipers. They were not ganization.
Neither do Jehovah's witnesses tolerate
hypocrites. They lived what they preached.
Is it not reasonable that there would be a persons that persist in immoral practices
similar organization of true worshipers on that are condemned by God's Word. Such
earth today? When it is brought to your persons need to correct their ways if they
attention that there is, if you are really are to win God's approval. Therefore Jesincere you will make inquiry regarding it. hovah's witnesses lovingly take discipli.
You will prove your sincerity by examin- nary action in order to help them to live
clean, upright lives, befitting Christian
ing the evidence.
people. Those that do not accept this
The Faith Without Hypocrisy
correction are disfellowshiped, excommuAnd what does the evidence show? It is nicated from the association of the "brotha matter of public record that not only do ers." This is done to preserve the congre~
Jehovah's witnesses recommend the Prince gation from the contaminating influence
of Peace, but they also follow his footsteps of bad persons.-1 Cor. 5:1113.
by keeping separate from the political wars
Thus Jehovah's witnesses have a clean
of worldly nations. Eyewitness reports cir- organization, one that is known world wide
culated world wide in books and magazines for its apostolic method of preaching. The
testify how thousands of Jehovah's wit- evidence to this efIect is plentiful. Why not
nesses were cruelly mistreated because of attend their meetings and see for yourself?
refusing to take to the battlefield against Recently a person who was sincerely intheir Christian neighbors during World terested in Bible truth reported having
War II. In thus maintaining their neutrali- been asked to do this. "My sister told me
ty, they courageously follow the example to go to all the meetings during the week
of the early Christians.-John 15:19; 17: for a month, and I would never stop, '(}:he
16; 18:36.
explained. "I didn't believe her, but finally
But not only are Jehovah's witnesses un- I said I WOUld." And what was the result?
hypocritical in their position on war, it is "I knew after the first two weeks I would
also a matter of public record that they never give up the happiness L had fOWId
practice brotherhood of all races, and do with the Witnesses."
not merely preach it. At their large inAre you, too, sincerely interested in
ternational conventions peoples of all races finding a faith without hypocrisy? Are you
and nationalities worship together, eat to- seeking the association of a loving family
gether and work together. With genuine of Christian people who live their faith?
affection they call one another brother and If so, you likewise will be richly rewarded
sister, even as they also do in their local by associating with Jehovah's witnesses.
congregations. Because of the constant in- You owe it to yourself and your loved
flux of new persons, it is true that some ones to investigate.-1 Thess. 5:21.
Let your love be without hypocri8y. Abhor what is wicked, ding to what is good.
-Rom. Ifl!:9.
A~ULT
baCk,"
York mother of a 15-year-old high school
honor student who stabbed to death an
attractive young housewife. The boy did
do it, but why?
1\vo American girls, aged nine and eleven, from the Boston, Massachusetts, area,
involved fifteen men in charges of most
serious sex offenses. In certain instances
the girls solicited the men to commit the
acts with which they were charged. Hard
to believe? Not really, if you understand
the girls' background and are acquainted
with the world in which these girls lived.
This is not the first time that unusually
young girls have become involved with
men, or that a boy has killed an adult.
What makes these and other youth crimes
so serious today is not only their increased
number but also their vicious character.
Modern "juvenile delinquents" are out com.
mitting crimes that, in most cases, only
adults committed ten and twenty years
ago. They are engaging in stickups, stabbings. mayhem, car stealing and sex
crImes. In the United States published reports show that the number of teen-agers
arrested who were under eighteen rose an
alarming 9 percent in 1962. And in the
first three months of 1963 crime in America increased 7 percent over the 1962 period, with youth playing a prominent part
Adults are shocked. Parents are puzzled
and obviously concerned over the rising
crime wave among youngsters. What
makes a child grow up a delinquent? they
ask. What makes a child callous, selfish or
so viciously cruel? They shake their heads
8
.:
A WAKJilJ
10
restaurant, brother pilfers from his employer, is there any reason to believe that
a child exposed to all this is going to be
different? The divine rule is that we reap
what we sow.
11
JiDr adulterers, nor men kept for unnat- coulg be eradicated if parents cooperated.
ural purposes, nor men who lie with men, He was convinced that the police departnor thieves, nor greedy persons, nbr drwtk- ment and other agencies could not solve
areis, nor revilers, nor extortioners will in- the problem unless the parents did their
herit God's kingdom. And yet that is what job first. He declared that we need "a fasome of you were. But you have been ther who rules his children with a firm
washed clea,n, but you have been sancti- but kindly hand and a mother whose love
fied, but you have been declared righteous cements the family ties." But these qualiin the name of our Lord Jesus Christ and ties are hardly possible apart from God's
with the spirit of our God." (1 Cor. 6:9- Word and his spirit.
11) So if it was possible for those early
How absolutely essential it is, then, for
Corinthian Christians to make moral us to study the Bible and know what it
changes in their lives, which Paul says teaches. Thereby. adults will not only learn
they did make, then it is also possible for the principles of Christian morality but
Christians and others of this twentieth also receive God's spirit, which is indiscentury to do the same. Because available pensable to effecting the needed change in
to us is the same Word, the same Lord their lives. Then good, not bad, will rub
and the same spirit that enabled them to off onto the child. Fortified with the accorrect their conduct and become clean. curate knowledge of God's Word and his
This fact should prove to be an incentive holy spirit, parents will then be in position
to righteousness, for we know that all who to train up their children properly in the
desire a more decent life for themselves way that they should go. Their reward and
and their children can actually have it the blessing to the community will be that
through God's arrangement.
these children, even when they grow old,
An assistant district attorney once said will not turn aside to the ways of delin.
that 90 percent of all juvenile delinquency quen cy.-Prov.22:6.
~~ tit..
qo....p
cml~",.J.r~too.a
", Some think so, although few persons will come to the wasp's defense when a
burrowed nest has been pressed underfoot, or when a single raider attacks the
fruit in hand or the jam in the dish. Of course, people do suffer from wasp stings,
but these usually occur when the insect is being crushed or its home threatened.
In fact, "there is little that is 'waspish' about the wasp," reports Canada's Wildlife
Review of July. 1962. "No gentler feet alight on the hand when the unwelcome
visitor joins the garden meal. Good.naturedly the wasp allows others to feast;
it does not Imzz angrily and drive away other eaters. It does not become irritable
if brushed
away as does the bee. It would live peaceably with all men if that were
possible. It is a tiger among insects but a true ally with humanity, and its yellow
jacket may cover much virtue ..
"It might be argued by an entomologist that a stingarmed wasp is an uncrowned
Queen, for no male wasp stings-even in defence of its home. When wasps abound
you will find less mosquitoes and flies, for, although the wasp likes jam and fruit,
its chief food for the nursery is insectivorous. When the faU rains come, the wasp
nests are vacant. The young are all reared, the last hatch being Queens that will
hibernate to start new families next year. When these Queens emerge, instinctively
bent on storing up life force in their system before the long sleep, flies are keenly
hunted. The destruction is very great and human benefit considerable."
12
AWAKE
Bcument
W
us."
Two sessions of this Council have now
been concluded. The first ran from October
11 through December 8, 1962. The second
session opened September 29 and adjourned on December 4, 1963. But in between these two sessions, Pope John
XXIII died and was succeeded by Pope
Paul VI.
Before the second session convened, the
. new pope reaffirmed that the primary goal
of the Council was to bring about a comprehensive "up-dating" of the Roman
Catholic Church, and he also appealed for
a uniting of all the religions of Christen
dam into "a single universal church." He
added that "such a universal church could
permit -a great variety" of expressions of
faith and forms of worship while main
taining the "organic harmony of a single
ecclesiastical control"
Expectations High
Hopes were kindled, especially in the
minds of nonCatbolic authorities, that
enough concessions might be forthcoming
from the Council to moderate those points
of doctrine and administration most ob
jectionable to nonCatholics. It was felt
MARCH 22. 1961,
1
this would
pave the way
toward uniting
Christendom's di
vided religions.
One important
-, ,
"'-,
change hoped for was
a strengthening of the powers of the bishops in relation to the pOpe. Involved in
this was the desire to see a retreat from
the papal infallibility doctrine proclaimed
at the COWlcil of 1870. This doctrine is a
serious obstacle in the path of religious
unity. Strength was added to this hope
when Pope Paul announced his intention
to modernize and internationalize the Curia, the central and most powerful admin
istrative body of the Roman Catholic
Church. The changes desired would give
greater influence to Catholic bishops
throughout the world and would lessen pa
pal control through the Curia.
Another change wanted by nonCatholics was to be recognized by the
Catholic Church as true members of the
"church of Christ." As of now, they are
not considered to be such. This recognition
is considered fundamental if there is to be
any real improvement in relations between
the Roman Catholic Church and non
Catholic religions.
Also in need of change, from the non
Catholic viewpoint, are regulations regarding mixed marriages. One point con
sidered very objectionable is that approval
13
the
Topics Discussed
practice. But because of the many Clergymen attending and,the lengthy discussionS
and debates carried on, the Council succeeded in covering only two of the: items
on the agenda, leaving fifteen of them unfinished.
One of the items discussed had to do
with the internal structure of the Roman
Catholic Church. Pope Paul suggested that
he govern the church with the aid of the
bishops, represented by a "senate" of bishops from all over the world, meeting at
intervals in Rome. This would mean that
the power of the Curia would be diminished. To Council conservatives, especially
members of the Curia, this sharing of power with a college of bishops was distasteful.
Hence, it was strongly opposed. One official
of the Curia contended that "supreme power over the entire flock of the faithful was
entrusted to Peter and Peter alone." The
implication was that this power was administered by, the Curia who were responsible to the pope and not to the bishops.
Perhaps the most important item to nonCatholics was the "schema" on religious
unity, or ecumenisffi. Two chapters of this
item especially arrested the attention of
observers. One was a declaration stating it
is wrong to blame the Jews for the death
of Jesus and that hatred and persecution
of Jews is repudiated by the Roman Cath
olic Church. It said: "Since the church
possesses such a common heritage with the
synagogue, this sacred synod wants to foster and command in every way mutual
understanding and esteem toward each
other ... Moreover, just as it severely condemns injustices to men wherever they occur, so even more with maternal concern
it deplores and condemns hatreds and persecutions against the Jews whether they
occurred in times past or in our own
14
AWAKE!
had to do with internal church matters. This was the granting of permission
by the Council, with papal approval, to
adapt certain church rites to local customs.
Pope Paul VI formally promulgated these
liturgical reforms, which allow priests and
bishops to administer the sacraments and
to celebrate parts of the Roman mass in
living languages instead of Latin. The
Council also laid down standards for simplifying some of the ceremonies connected
with the mass. However, how far these decrees are to be carried out in different
countries still has not been determined.
The Council did not authorize the changes desired relative to increasing the power
of the bishops. What was approved was
embodied in a decree issued by Pope Paul
that made a small move toward giving
bishops various minor rights in making
decisions on matters they previously had
to refer to Rome for decision.
There were other minor developments.
The Council agreed to cooperate with othResults
er international agencies seeking to reThe fact that such items were brought form the calendar. This reform includes a
before the Council for discussion did not proposal to fix the date for Easter for the
mean they were accepted as part of of- same Sunday each spring.
ficial church doctrine or practice. These
The Council also took note of modern
measures would have to be voted on and means of mass communications such as
approved before they could be submitted radio and television, but assented to the
to the pope as the will of the Council. So controlling of these by civil governments,
observers anxiously awaited the coming to even if censorship is required.
a vote of these important issues.
Another result, although intangible, was
But the vote never came. To the great of interest to many. Due to the wide pubdisappointment of non-Catholics, the Coun- licity and the permitting of observers at
cil did not reach a vote on these points of the Council, a great diversity of views
highest interest to non-Catholics. The best within the Church was noted. Some of
that could be hoped for was that they these disagreements led to vigorous arguwould come up again for a vote when the ments among the assembled clergymen.
Council reconvenes later this year.
This was a revelation to many, for it
There really was very little of any signifi- showed them for the first time that the
cance to non-Catholics that was approved Roman Catholic Church is not as unchangby the second session of the Council. ing and monolithic as they had previously
About the only concrete accomplishment understood it to be.
MARCH 122, 1964
15
Disappointment
conception of unity is still for nonCatholic religions to return to the authority of Rome. The doctrines and policies laid
down by centuries of popes and councils
cannot be undone easily.
However, the second session did not
bring the Council to an end. A third session is scheduled for September 1964.
What that third session, or any future
sessions of the Cotulcil, will accomplish remains to be seen. But of this we can be
certain: Of far greater value than working
to simplify rituals, taking note of modern
means of communication and agreeing to
cooperate in efforts at calendar reform is
an earnest comparison of one's faith with
the Holy Bible to bring it into harmony
with that inspired Word of God. And
whether the Ecumenical Council does tl).at
or not, it is something that you can and
should do as an individual.
God's Word does not encourage one
whose faith is firmly founded on the Bible
to compromise his beliefs to make them
more acceptable to others. It does not urge
true believers to join hands with those
who advocate other forms of worship, simply so they can be joined together in organizational W1ity. It says: "Do not be
come unevenly yoked with unbelievers. For
what sharing do righteousness and lawlessness have? Or what fellowship does
light have with darkness?" (2 Cor. 6:1418) If that advice is not being followed by
the leaders of your church, then it is advice that you personally should heed, that
you may worship God in a manner that is
acceptable to him.
DecepHva SIt1&atioD
16
A WAKE!
suffic'ient cash
available. But it
is unwise to overuse these ser,
vices.
HE thought of
living in
have considered as
irresponsible and
Installment
Buying
PLAN
untrustworthy a
person who consistently went into debt.
Today the situation is practically reversed. Going into debt by using credit of
various types has become a standard practice in many countries, especially in some
of the more industrialized nations of the
West.
Fantastic debts have accumulated. For
example, in the United states the total
public and private debt has climbed over
the $1,000,000,000,000 mark! Over one
mUlion million dollars! This gigantic debt
is equal to an average of almost $6,000
for every man, woman and child in the
COWltry.
Part of this debt is the federal government's. Part represents the debts of state
and city governments. A huge part represents consumer debt, that is, what the
average wage earner has purchased on
credit. This com)Umer debt is often the
fastest rising of all types of debts. In one
country after another this debt has doubled, tripled orTisen even tenfold since the
close of World War II.
There are, of course, different kinds of
crerut, depending on what is wanted. The
average person buying a home or starting
a business probably would have to use
credit in the form of a mortgage or business loan. It is not likely he would have
MARCH 2g, 1964
One type of
credit that has
become most
common in many
17
Disadvantages
MOl}eylending is big business. Thou~
sands of organizations exist to lend money.
While they perform a valuable service, per~
haps making it possible for you to pur~
chase things you could not otherwise buy
at the time, they exist primarily to make
money. When you buy something on time,
you are using someone else's money. They
take a risk and you pay for the service.
What you pay must cover the cost of the
lending firm's employees, bookkeeping and
other expenses incurred in making and ser~
vicing your loan. It must also enable the
lender to cover losses from delinquent accounts and still make a profit.
This should immediately bring to your
mind a serious disadvantage of buying on
the installment plan: You will be losing
money, for you must eventually pay more
than the original price of the item.
18
1. It for You?
Since buying on the installment plan is
expensive, is it for you? If you really are
interested in getting the most out of your
money, installment buying should be confined to the barest minimum and should
include only that which is absolutely necessary. Where possible, a large down payment is recommended, as this will reduce
the interest you will have to pay.
The wise consumer will not let his obligations for credit, if he chooses to incur
such, exceed much more than 10% of his
annual income after taxes. Also, one should
have at least a few hWldred dollars in
funds before he takes on such loans. This
will enable him to meet payments for a
few months even if he has a temporary
setback due to illness or being laid off
from work.
It would be well to appreciate that buying on the installment plan has proved to
be a trap for many. Individual ,bankruptcies have risen in recent years in many
countries. In the United States they more
than doubled from 1956 to 1962. In Canada about 15 % were in trouble a few
years ago. Now the figure is about 30%.
In Italy failure to pay in 1962 increased
10% over 1961-a 100/0 rise in just one
year!
Easy credit, much of it for installment
buying of one kind or another, has induced
many people to live beyond their means,
and when reverses come, they are forced
into bankruptcy.
So in answering the question as to
whether you should buy on the installment
plan, the answer is: It depends on you. But
if you want to make the most of your
money, the answer, in most cases, must be:
No.
MAROH 22, 1964
19
".1
"".""_t_
~~~:k~:.~;~<:
~'9
.. .
~.ir-p...ear~s
gi""n many""m.
tr!es.lJIiih' ho
ilde.~.?<i;~1lIO
~n in
. e uOV9" beauty but for
t:lW,.
20
A WAKEI
six months to erect on the pit site. The green-flecked dress, makes her appearance.
eight buckets, which revolve in a 20-footdiameter wheel as they dig, are capable
square inch.
But where does all this dirt go, you may
ask, and at such a speed of discharge?
Well, this mechanical glutton has a very
simple digestive system. The revolving
buckets disgorge their mouthfuls onto a
bu11t~in conveyor belt, which, in turn, car~
nes the dirt through the excavator to its
other extremity and emits it onto a mobile
conveyor by which it arrives at the begin
ning of a 3i~mile-long permanent moving
belt system constructed conveniently on one
of the benches or ledges. Here the waste begins its journey at a rate of 35 tons every
800 feet, until it reaches a stacking machine some 3, mBes away and is there
sifted onto an ever-growing man-made
mountain. An electrical nerve system holds
careful watch of this moving dirt over the
five sections of the conveyor right from
the excavator to the stacker. You may well
imagine the consequimces should something break down in the chain, as so much
earth is on the move. The nerve center
reacts immediately to trouble and trips out
automatically all preceding units of the
conveyor system clear back to the "big
jaw" until repairs can be effected.
22
/8 It Worth It?
Is it worth while spending just under
seven years to dig a hole 5,000 feet (al.
most a mile) long by 1,500 feet wide and
175 feet deep covering a surface area of
approximately 180 acres? Where is it likely to end? If this hole or homemade canyon is rather difficult to comprehend, maybe it will help if you think of a trench dug
to a depth of six feet covering an area of
five square miles! This represents a removal of just over 50 million tons of earth,
and progress plans are to remove a similar quantity of material in the next fiveyear period. In a project of this magnitude
men employ every reasonable, scientifical
ly known step of research to ensure that
their labors and investments will payoff.
Statistics show that for every thirteen tons
of earth removed one ton of unrefined copper are has been extracted. The present
rate of production is'80,000 tons per month,
and the grade of ore is somewhere between 3 and 4 percent of refined copper
per ton.
To show that Rhodesia's Grand Canyon
is likely to expand at its present profitable
rate, geologists estimate that the are re
serves in this particular body are some
33 million tons at a grade of 3.34 percent
with the pit extended to a depth of 800
feet.
Openeast mining is not without its problems. From November to April, Northern
Rhodesia is drenched by subtropical rainstorms, and an open pit makes a wonderful
basin! In fact, one inch of rainfall in this
pit is equivalent to 4,000,000 gallons of
water. To overcome this problem a tenmillion gallon sump is maintained at the
east end of the pit in the wet season, and
pontoon-mounted pumps, conveniently rising and falling with the water level, fever-
23
historian. With
the special impetus and
strength needed
for adventure,
Herodotus set
out with zest
and endurance on a journey he
hoped would satisfy his thirst
for knowledge. The result was a series of
writings about much of the ancient world.
ANY little
Exactly how far Herodotus went is not
boys, when known, but his writings indicate that he
asked wha t they weJlt to Babylon, Cyrene, Thessaly, India,
want to be when they grow up, will un- Persia, Italy, Arabia, Cyprus and Egypt.
hesitatingly reply, "A fireman, or a police- His history of ancient Egypt is regarded
man, or a sailor," and, lately, "a space- by many as one of the best. As a historian
man." Thus the quest for adventure, an he wanted his readers to understand what
exciting or unusual experience or a bold kind of people lived in various countries
and difficult undertaking, begins early in and in what manner they worshiped their
life. Adventure is not always sought- gods. It must have taken much determinasometimes it comes upon one quite un- tion and stamina to travel endless miles
expectedly.
Adventurous Historian
An early adventurer whose purpose was
different from that of many others was
Herodotus, the fifth-century B.C. Greek
AWAKEI
over the often dangerous and rugged terrain that Herodotus covered.
Enterpri8ing Explorations
One very young adventurer who fired
the imagination of many, and whose re.
markable chronicle of his experiences gave
impetus to rewarding European discoveries, was Marco Polo. In 1271 (A.D.),
when only seventeen years old, he traveled
with his father and uncle to China, where
he became an agent and favorite of the
Mongol emperor Kublai Khan. The Palos
were the first Europeans to visit much of
the territory they traversed on the journey,
such as the Gobi desert. Marco Polo lived
in China for seventeen years in luxury as
an adviser of the emperor, then he returned to Venice. He arrived in a tattered
and grimy fashion after his long journey
and was promptly jeered by the populace;
even Polo's friends failed to recognize him,
after so long a sojourn in the Orient, and
he was denied entrance to his house.
Undaunted, Marco invited many Venetians to dine with him and, freshly bathed
and lavishly dressed, he called for his tattered clothes to be brought. To the amaze
ment of his guests, Marco ripped open the
seams of the garments to let loose a flow
of rubies, sapphires, garnets, diamonds and
emeralds. His book, The Travels of Marco
Polo, is one of the most famous travel
books in history and was for a long time
the only existing source in Europe of in
formation on the geography and life of the
Far East. It was Polo's book that helped
arouse in navigator Christopher Columbus
an interest in the Orient and which resulted in his discovery of America.
Disappointment for some adventtu'ers
has resulted in some strange turns of
events. Captain James Cook was sent by
the British Admiralty to look for a passage
across Northwest America, but he found
MARCH 22, 1964
Unexpected Adventures
In the nineteenth century, a spirit of
scientific discovery became evident. Rather than gold, many sought new species of
birds and animals or unknown tribes. Al25
got Lange, an ethnologist, went tnto the mighty inland sea); reached the summit
Amazon jungle with several natives to find of Guring La (about 20,000 feet high) in
new sources of rubber. Unfortunately the the Trans-Himalayan region; and on Janujourney was calamitous and Lange was the ary 15, 1946, they reached the valley of
sole survivor. For days he stumbled Kyichu. There in the distance were the
through seemingly endless jungle with a golden roofs of the winter home of the
raging fever, then collapsed in delirium at Dalai Lama, believed by Tibetan Budthe communal village of the Mangeromas, dhists to be the incarnation of Buddha.
a tribe of cannibals.
They saw Drebung, the giant monastery
Then an incredi ble thing occurred. housing some 10,000 monks, and Nechung,
Lange was not killed
the monastery supand cooked, but he
posedly containing a
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
was tenderly nursed
protective deity,
Appreciate Your Relation"hip
back to health. He rewhich
was always
to the Most High.
mained with this
consulted by the gov World Violence-What Does It Mean?
Man's Tiny Friend_Bacteria.
tribe for many
ernment before they
Meeting the Challenge ot Waiting.
months, observing
decided on anything
their kindnesses to
of importance. Crossfriends and their merciless destruction of ing the Changthang in the wintertime was
their enemies (whose feet and hands al- an extremely difficult undertaking, and
ways ended up in the communal cooking climbing over the Nyenchhen Thangiha
pot). Lange, however, was very careful to Range was considered by the Tibetans
observe all the tribal customs so that he incredible.
might remain a friend of the Mangeromas.
Shortly after their arrival, they were
When he left them, they gave him a touch- summoned to visit the Dalai Lama's paring farewell and escorted him back to ents. To Tibetans, it was a great honor to
civilization.
visit the mother of the "god-king." Harrer
During World War II, an astonishing ad- remained in Tibet and became an intimate
venture was had by two German soldiers, and tutor of the Dalai Lama, who was
HalTer and Aufschnaiter, who were sitting eleven years old in 1946, when the advenout the war in a British internment camp ture began.
in India after their capture. They made a
Many and versatile indeed are the addaring escape and set out for the Tibetan ventures had by men down through the
city of Lhasa, a city that was long called centuries, yet the most marvelous adventhe "Forbidden City," access to it being ture can be had today by people of all
forbidden to Europeans.
walks of life, all ages, all nationalitiesThey traveled through mountains of the truly uplifting experience of searching
snow and ice in severely cold weather with for and finding the wisdom of God: "Pay
hurricanelike winds. They were almost al- attention to wisdom with your ear ... if
ways hungry, always cold, in constant danyou keep seeking for it as for silver, and
ger and were stalked by professional robas
for hid treasures you keep searching
bers who were thwarted by the unarmed
for
it, in that case you will understand
but wily adventurers.
the
fear
of Jehovah, and you will find the
Finally, after covering 600 miles in a 70day march, their goal was in sight. They very knowledge of God." Such a quest, unhad glimpsed Nam Tso or Tengri Nor like worldly adventW'es, leads to everlast(one of the world's largest lakes and a ing life.-Prov. 2: 2, 4, 5.
AWAKE/
MARCH
~,
1964
Wa.ter Crisis
29
+ The
30
An 804-pound spacecraft
named Ranger 6 was launched
on January 30. It was sent on
a 66hour trip to the moon from
Cape Kennedy, Florida. On
board the craft were six television cameras. They were set
to relay 3,000 photographs of
the moon's surface. Ranger 6
traveled the sea of space and
crashed onto the moon precisely on target February 2.
One good picture would have
made the effort worth while,
but alas! All six cameras failed.
Reason for the failure was not
immediately known. Few space
officials could be found who
had the heart to even discuss
the subject. This was the Ranger program's sixth straight
failure.
Raellll1l a SIckness
No MOOD Photos
Saturn's Might
Imagine a 16-story building
rising vertically into the air,
then out of sight into space.
That is virtually what happened on January 29 when the
United States launched its
mightiest spacecraft, the Sat
urn rocket. The weight of the
cargo that It set in orbit was
20,000 pounds. Saturn's engines'
total thrust of 1,504,000 pounds
provided a comfortable margin over the l,124,OQQpound
weight of the rocket at liftoff.
The launching of the Saturn
rocket was hailed by U.S. President Johnson as a "giant step
+ How
+ In
'ti<.:al
*' TheYearbook'
United Nations Statlshas disclosed.
flat-
...
.......
WATCH TOWER
Anlmals In Demand
~
TOO MANY
PEOPLE?
n' ....
'..
. ..
THE RIDGEWAY
"'n'
..
LONOON N.W. 7
I am enclosing ...... ,...... Please $end me [ ] cop(y. -les) of the booklet When GOd 18 King over
An the liJarll!, (each. 4d; 7 tor 1/8 [for AustraHa. eaCh. 5<1; 7 for 2/-; for South Africa, each. alC;
7 tor 17c)).
Street and Number
Name
or Route and Box ..................... _" .. _ ...... ~ .................. _.
Post
Paatal
Town .. _
DIstrIct No. .
County .,
.ARCH
st, 1964
31
ONLY HOPE
1 year
The Watchtower
7/(for Australia, 8/-; for South Africa, 70c)
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me Th", Watchtower (24 Issues) for one year. I am enclosing 7/- (for Australla. 8/-:
lor South Africa. 70c). For maillng the coupon I am to receive tree the three booklets When ALI
Nation8 Unite Under God'8 Kingdom, GOd'8 Kingdom Rule3-Is the World's End Near' and Take
Courage-Qad'8 Kingdom la o:t Hand!
Street Rnd Number
Name .......
Or Route and Box ... .
Post
Postal
Town _._ .. ___ ._.. _. _____ .. _.. _.. _.........
District No.
...... County .............................................
h: AUSTRALIA: 11 Bere8ford Rd.. Strathfteld, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 BrldgelandAve., Toronto 19, Ont. SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag 2, P.O. Elandatonteln, Tranavaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N.Y, l1"l!Ol
32
AWA"K~
3,850,000
om...
Tho Blbl. Iran,lat!3n t6g.larJy USOd Ja "AWln!" ,. I Now W.." T18ft,latlon 01 Ih. H.ly Sorlplur ... 1961 odillon.
Wh thor Iran<lall.n, .,. Ilod, thll I, ., .....Iy m.rk'~.
CONTENTS
Meeting the Challenge of Waiting
Appreciate Your Relationship
to the Most High
World Violence-What Does It Mean?
Man's Tiny Friends-Bacteria
Letters Galore
God's Word in the Land
ot the Morning Calm
5
9
13
16
21
24
25
17
2T
"
Nl,lmlnr ..
APRIL 8, 1964
AWAKE!
MOST HIGH
work of his
HAT does
hands the ex~
thatexprespanse is telling.
sian "the Most
One day after an~
High God" mean to
other day causes
you? To whom do you
speech to bubble forth,
apply those words?
and one night after an~
There are many, yes, hunother night shows forth
dreds of gods who are WOfknowledge."-Ps. 19:1, 2.
shiped in different parts of
the earth, but it is only sound
Yes, it is Jehovah who is
Most High over all the earth.
reasoning to conclude that, of all
Who is the Most High Listen to what he himself tells
these gods, just one is almighty in
all the universe?
and most high. Why, the very How do you view your us by means of his inspired
expression Most High indicates relationship 10 him? prophet so that we might realize
our littleness in comparison to
that this one is higher than all
others. So just who is the Most High him: "Look! The nations are as a drop
God? And what should be our relationship from a bucket; and as the film of dust
to him? Let us reason for a while on the on the scales they have been accounted.
subject and at the same time go to the Look! He lifts the islands themselves
highest authority on such matters: God's as mere fine dust. 'But to whom can you
people liken me so that I should be
Word, the Holy Bible.
made his equal?' says the Holy One.
'Raise your eyes high up and see. Who has
Who Is the Most High?
A God-fearing man who lived many cen~ created these things? It is the One who is
turies ago identifies just who this one is, bringing forth the army of them even by
and we find his words recorded at Psalm number, all of whom he calls even by name.
83:18: "That people may know that you, ... Have you not come to know or have
whose name ~s Jehovah, you alone are the you not heard? Jehovah, the Creator of
Most High over all the earth." King David the extremities of the earth, is a God to
looked around him and saw the wonderful time indefinite.''' (lsa. 40:15, 25, 26, 28)
works of God, and he marveled at what he Surely, this one who created all things has
saw. He was filled with reverence and awe a right to be first in our lives, the right to
and recognized that the Creator of all our worship and implicit obedience.
There are many who have not believed
these things was, indeed, an exalted and
powerful God. In one of the songs of praise that Jehovah is the Most High and they
that he composed he states: "The heavens have raised themselves up in opposition to
are declaring the glory of God; and of the him-so much so that he has had to dem.
and whQ set themselves up as gods to be and pattern their lives according to his
idolized, and who act wickedly, destroying image? Will they do his bidding because
the very earth that Jehovah created, should they recognize his position and so follow
take heed to the words at Revelation 11: him even to the death? The great majority
17,18: "We thank you, Jehovah God, the in this present system of things foolishly
Almighty, ... because you have taken your ignore and rebel against Jehovah the Most
great power and begun ruling as king. But High God.
the nations became wrathful, and your
But what of you? How do you feel about
own wrath came, and the appointed time the matter? The apostle Peter had the
. . . to bring to ruin those ruining the right mental attitude and wrote: "Humble
earth." So the Almighty God is not un- yourselves, therefore, under the mighty
mindful of the deeds of ungodly men, but hand of God." (1 Pet. 5:6) Yes, we should
his eyes "are in every place, keeping watch humble ourselves under the mighty hand
upon the bad ones and the good ones," and of God and realize our utter dependence on
soon he will use his almighty power to him. We should realize that he is a just
destroy all his enemies.-Prov. 15:3.
God that will express his wrath against all
evildoers, remembering, too, that "it is a
Appreciating Our Relationship to Him
fearful thing to fall into the hands of the
How do you feel when mention is made living God." (Heb. 10:31) The apostle Paul
of the Most High God? Are you filled with also gives us some good counsel, as recordawe and reverence? As you consider the ed at Hebrews 12:9: "Furthermore, we
almighty power of Jehovah, do you feel used to have fathers who were of our flesh
small and insignificant? Yes, are you hum- to discipline us, and we used to give them
bled and brought down to size, as it were? respect. Shall we not much more subject
But more than that, are you affected in a ourselves to the Father of our spiritual
practical way and so do you realize how life and live?" Our subjection should not
important it is to live in harmony with the be out of morbid fear, even though it is
will of the Supreme One of the universe? true that we should fear Jehovah's great
Many are the expressions of worldlings power and indignation, but, rather, should
who speak of the Most High God in glowbe out of love, because "perfect love throws
ing terms, who even cause to be engraved
fear outside."-l John 4:18.
on coins the words "In God we trust." But
The apostle Peter realized the need for
do they really trust in God and recognize
a
deep
appreciation of our relationship to
his supremacy?
God
and
of the need to be vigilant in how
Many people will wait for hours in the
we
walk,
especially so in view of the excold or in hot sunshine just to catch a
glimpse of some "famous personage" as he alted position of the Most High and in
passes by. Thousands of people will wear view of the coming wrath against the
their hair in a certain style or dress in a wicked world of mankind. Wrote Peter:
certain fashion in imitation of a well- "Yet Jehovah's day will come as a thief.
known dignitary. Whole nations out of fear in which the heavens will pass away with
will do the bidding of a cruel dictator be- a hissing noise, but the elements being incause of his high position and power over tensely hot will be dissolved, and earth and
them. But what of Jehovah God, the Most the works in it will be discovered. Since all
High? Are these same people willing to these things are thus to be 1issolved, what
serve him? Do they desire to imitate him sort of persons ought you to be in holy
APRIL 8, 1964
Jehovah, Jehovah, a God merciful and gracious, slow to angfJ'T and abundant
in l,?ving-kindness and trut~, preserving lovingkindness for thousands, pardomng error and transgress~on and sin, but by no means will he give exemption
from punishment.-&J;. 34:6, 7.
AWAKE!
-What
Does It
Mean?
ANVILLE, Virginia, a quiet tex-
Youth Violence
More often than not the firebrands of
change and violence are the youths of the
world. They have been taught that they
are as good as anybody else, that everyone
is equal, that they have a right to what
they want. They are told that they should
get jobs and work, but not all of them can
get work and others do not want it. Theil'
frustration and boredom turn to violence.
They smash windows, beat up people who
have what the youths have not been able
to acquire. They rape, torture and kill. And
there are literally millions of such youths
on the move in all parts of the world.
But it would be unfair to blame all the
mounting violence in the world on "disturbed" youths. For it is obvious today
that the pattern of violence is not confined
to anyone nation or to anyone part of a
nation or anyone kind of person. When
violence shamed Little Rock, Arkansas, be9
fore the world six years ago, and Birming. monks martyred themselves by becoming
ham, Alabama, last year, many in sup- flaming torches -on the streets of Saigon.
posedly civilized social circles, men and The government replied to the people's dewomen of education and substance, took mands with oppressive brutality. There
an active part in the violence. Even in were demonstrations and a revolt. In the
Panama the violence that followed tbe wake of violence, success, but it was sucfiag-displaying issue on January 7 of this cess tempered with caution and sadness,
year was not solely because of youth. Vio- for men had died, others were cruelly
lence erupted when adults with old, bitter maimed and the future of the country was
political and economic animosities joined still anything but assured. About three
months later another government seized
the youthful demonstrators.
control.
Violence Concerns Adults
The fact is that most of today's violence Religious, Racial and Economic Causes
Not all violence has its roots in political
concerns adults--adult oppression of one
form or another. In many instances it has unrest. Racial and religious differences,
to do with racial, religious and political is- difficult working conditions and poor living
sues. Violence reflects an overpowering de- standards have all provoked uprisings. For
sire for change, sometimes from majori. example, in Moscow's Red Square, on Deties, sometimes from militant minorities. cember 18, 1963, some 500 Africans grapIt has become a way to power-force as a pled and scuffled with Soviet policemen.
solution to problems. It is a scorning of The Africans were protesting the death of
law and order. It represents a world with a Ghanian student who allegedly was killed
out faith in God or man or in the institu- by Soviet citizens because of racial distions built by man for his own protection. crimination.
In Srinagar, Kashmir, a stolen hair from
For example, when the South Koreans
were dissatisfied with the one-man-rule of the Hazratbal shrine resulted in riots that
Syngman Rhee, the recourse was to mass left sixty persons dead and scores injured.
force. A bloody upsurge of violence fol- Moslems believe the hair came from the
lowed, and the Koreans got their new re- head of the prophet Mohammed. The in
gime. In Turkey the situation was much cident made it clear that old animosities
the same. The people demanded an end to between the Hindus and the Moslems were
the one-man-rule of Adnan Menderes. still close to the surface.
There were demonstrations, violence and
At Nowa Huta, an industrial suburb of
finally a change in government. Under the
banner of patriotism and nationalism, Cracow, Poland, the Communists removed
mobs gave themselves license for violence a wooden cross from its site. The townsin word and deed against the very con- folk swarmed to the scene and fought the
stitutional principles they claimed to steel-helmeted police to prevent removal of
the cross. The riot continued for hoW's bechampion.
In South Vietnam opposition to the re- fore order was restored; but the cross regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem gath- mained. Religious superstitions are highly
ered like a thunderhead. The Buddhists explosive issues quickly erupting into
charged that they were being discriminat- violence.
ed against and persecuted by a Roman
In Temir-Tau, a new steel town in the
Catholic minority in power. Buddhist Karaganda coal-mining region of the So-
10
AWAKE!
should be the scene where a president was to this generation of the end of this wicked
assassinated, where a Negro civil rights system.
leader was killed from ambush, where four
But, for those with faith in God, that
little girls met death in the dynamiting of portends better things ahead. How SO?
a church, where mob violence disgraced a Because the time for God himself to take
university campus and where more chil~ action is at hand. His attitude toward men
dren died of parental beatings than were of violence has not changed since Noah's
killed in auto accidents? The divine prin- day, nor has he forgotten his promise to
ciple is plain: 'Whatever a man is sowing, establish a new order where righteousness
is to dwell. (2 Pet. 3:
this he will also
reap." (Gal. 6: 7)
13) So it is the course
That the world has
of wisdom to mold
NEXT ISSUE-SPECIAL!
entered a season of
EXAMINING THE FOUNDATIONS
our lives in harmony
OF MODERNDAY RELIGION
reaping there can be
with the counsel re_Why People Belong
corded in God's own
no doubt.
to Religious Organizations.
Word at Psalm 37:
-Built Around the Affaire
of Thl8 SY8tem of Thlnas.
34:
"Hope in JehoViolence-What I. L.ooked To as Authority?
vah
and keep his
A Warning Sign
_Babylonian Origit\s
of
Modern.Day
Religiou8
Concepts.
way."
And if we do,
But there is a
_The Future for the Religion
what
will
the result
greater meaning beDisapproved by God.
be?
"He
will
exalt
hind the violence in
_Build Your Faith on a SOlid Foundation.
you
to
take
pOSSesthe world, one that
sion of the earth.
God's Word the Bible
When
the
wicked
ones
are cut off, you will
reveals. At Revelation 12:12 this warning
see
it."
is given: "Woe for the earth and for the
Hoping in Jehovah and keeping his way
sea, because the Devil has come down to
means
more than looking to the time when
you, having great anger, knowing he has
he
wipes
out men of violence; it requires
a short period of time." Yes, "WOe for the
that
we
conform
our thinking and our conearth" because the chief instigator of vioduct to his ways now. If we do this, we will
lence, the Devil, knows that his end and not feed our minds on literature and enterthe end of his wicked system are near.
tainment that features violence, but we
Note how Jesus Christ, the Son of God, will fill our thoughts with things that are
foretold world violence before this wicked righteous. (Phil. 4:8) If we are wronged,
system's end. He said: "For just as the we will not take the Jaw into our own
days of Noah were, so the presence of the hands, but will hced the advice: "Do not
Son of man will be." (Matt. 24: 37) And avenge yourselves, beloved, but yield place
what was it like in Noah's day? The Bible to the wrath; for it is written: 'Vengeance
answers: "The earth became filled with is mine; I wiIlrepay, says Jehovah.'" (Rom
violence." "The end of all flesh has come 12:19-21) Moreover, we will avoid being
before me," said Jehovah God, "because around people that engage in violence, and
the earth is full of violence." (Gen. 6:11, we will not adopt their ways. Rather, we
13) The violence of Noah's day was a will listen to God when he says: "Do not
warning sign of that system's end, and become envious of the man of violence, nor
world violence today is no less a warning choose any of his ways."-Prov. 3:31.
12
A WAKE!
APRIL 8, 196"4
type of infection but at the same time smell. By treating coal with sulfur-eating
cause another type to appear because of bacteria before burning it, the evil smell
having upset the bacterial balance in the can be substantially reduced. Within
patient. But even infection-causing bacte- seventy-two hours the bacteria can elimiria can, at times, be of good service to man. nate most of the sulfur in the coal.
There have been cases where cancers
There are a number of chemical comhave regressed after a person has had a pounds that can be produced more cheaply
severe bout with an infection. Some doc- by bacteria than by the usual method of
tors have concluded that the body's re- chemical synthesis. For example, lactic
action to bacterial infections may be a acid, butyric acid, butyl alcohol, acetoin,
factor in the retarding of cancer or in re- acetone and propyl alcohol can all be pro
ducing the possibility of developing cancer. duced for man by these tiny plants of the
A few years ago Dr. W. B. Coley of New microscopic world. Even in man's efforts
York used bacterial substances to treat to recover oil, they are proving useful.
cancer with what he said were promising
Oil-bearing shale deposits may before
results.
long be giving up oil with the help of bacteria. Experiments revealed this possibility
Industry
when researchers found a type of bacteria
Aside from the food industry, in which that has an appetite for shale. Another
bacteria are well known for playing an im- type may prove to be helpful in releasing
portant role in making fermented foods oil from limestone deposits. It is thought
and fermented drinks, there are industries that bacteria can be used to get oil from
in which friendly bacteria are performing such deposits that could not otherwise be
important services. These services might brought up economically. The method in
seem to the average person to be as un- valves the injecting of bacteria into oillikely as that of supplying electricity for bearing limestone formations. It is reaoperating the family car.
soned that the acid secreted by them will
In the processing of certain ores bac- eat holes in the limestone and open up
teria can be very helpful. Some feed upon wider channels that will allow the oil to
are wastes so that metals such as cobalt, flow out.
nickel, copper and manganese can be reEven with the problem of industrial wacovered. With their help it is possible to ter pollution bacteria come to man's as~
extract many times the amount of metal
sistance. Vi,.'ater used in petroleum refinthat could be extracted by other methods.
eries becomes contaminated with phenol
In the case of manganese, bacteria make
possible the recovery of as much as 99 per- compounds that pollute the streams into
which it is dumped. By treating the water
cent of the metal from low-grade are.
with
bacteria that cat these compounds,
The type of bacteria that obligingly eats
the sulfur found in ore wastes give off it is purified and ceases to be a stream
sulfuric acid as a waste product. They can pollutant There arC' many chemical wastes
extract sulfuric acid from orcs at a cheaper from industry that bacteria can be trained
rate than is possible by other methods. to eat To mention another, there is the
These same sulfur-eating bacteria can even case of cyanide wastes that. \vere killing
serve man by reducing smoke pollution. fish and even the bacteria in the sewage
One of the irritants in coal smoke is sulfur disposal plants of an American city. Cerdioxide. It gives coal smoke an offensive tain sewage bacteria were trained to feed
14
AWAKE I
Source of Power
Of all the useful services bacteria are
capable of rendering to man, the most sur
prising is just now being discovered. It is
electrical power. Automobiles, ships and
even entire cities could be supplied with
ample electrical power by bacteria. That
this is feasible has been proved by what is
called the biochemical fuel cell.
One of the pioneer developers of the bio
chemical fuel cell is Dr. Frederick D. Sis
leI' of the U.S. Geological Survey. In 1961
he succeeded in getting some electricity
from two test tubes containing bacteria,
organic matter and seawater. In one of
his experiments, he obtained sufficient elec
tricity to operate a small radio transmitter.
The biochemical fuel cell differs from
the chemical fuel cell in that it uses bac
teria and organic matter to get electricity.
The chemical fuel cell generates electricity
directly from chemicals and chemical re
action. In the process hydrogen and oxygen are combined to form water. These
same gases are involved in the biochemical
APRIL 8, 196ft
15
LE'l"J'BRS (.i.\.LORE
New York City handles more mail than the entire British postal
system, former U.S. Postmaster General J. EdWard Day pointed out.
But even more astounding: "The United States Post Office Department
handles twice as much mail as all the 112 other postal systems in the
world put together."-New York Time8 Magazine, May 6, 1962.
16
AWAKE!
In the latter part of the nineteenth century, a missionary named John Ross beCOLD storm swept south across the
came interested in Korea. While his work
Yalu River pouring sheets of rain
was primarily confined to China, he decidonto the village of EuiJ u in North Pyung
ed to attempt a translation of the Bible
An Province, Korea. The rice paddies, filled
into Korean. He posted a servant at the
to overflowing, spilled over the fields into
the roads, tmning them into a sea of yel- Korean Gate in Manchuria to find him a
Korean that could help him translate. In
low mud. An angry merchant, unable to
due course such a man was found, but he
conduct his business, fled to the refuge of
a tavern, where he was living during his had to work in secrecy, even from his
family; the penalty for assisting a foreignstay in the village. He muttered his diser in such work was death. Luke was chogust for the foul weather. Business was
sen as the first book, and work was started
bad; now the unpleasant prospect of a dull,
in 1874. When Luke was finished, it was
boring day alone in his room. After sheddistributed among Korean refugees in the
ding his wet outer garments, he lay on the
Yalu Valley. However, this first portion of
hard clay floor contemplating his tiny cell
the Korean Bible met its first great barand its walls pasted over with insulating
rier; it was forbidden entry into the
wastepaper.
country.
The wastepaper was the standard size for
Korea proudly traces its history back
official documents and, on first glance, was
centmies before the Christian era. Accordno different from the flood of documents
that were pasted on the walls of buildings ing to legend, Korea's founder, Tangun,
all over Korea. However, upon a closer ex- gave his country the traditional name Choamination of the Chinese characters, the sen, which means "Morning Calm." Known
words on these pieces of wastepaper were as the Hermit Kingdom, it resisted all fordifferent and infinitely more interesting. eign influence with a passion and forbade
Words like, "Happy are you poor, because any contact with the outer world except
yours is the kingdom of God. Happy are China until 1876, then added only Japan.
you who hunger now, because you will be It pointed proudly to its own culture, a culfilled."
ture that produced movable type before
According to legend, this is how God's Gutenberg; telescopes and observatories
Word, the Bible, was read in Korea for the dating back to ancient times, and ironclad
first time---pages of the Gospel of Luke vessels long before the Monitor and Merripasted to a tavern wall. Pure legend though mac of American Civil War fame. In 1871
it is, it is nevertheless based on some fact. the United States proposed a treaty with
By "Awake!" correspondent in Korea
APRIL 8, 1964
17
IS
terror and confusion of war. The transla~ tures; one of the outstanding of which is
tors of the Hangul Bible hurried to the the use of the divine name, Jehovah, each
printing shop to learn the fate of the new time its use is indicated by the Tetragramversion; the printing shop was one of the maton. Also, the spuri'ous words of 1 John
first tragedies of the war and all the four 5:7 are omitted entirely. The last line of
verse six is separated from that verse and
hundred typeset pages were lost.
called
verse 7 to keep the numbering the
There was no time to repair the damage
same.
Footnotes
on difficult words do much
and start again, for the Communist armies
to
help
the
reader
gain a better underwere racing down from the north and the
standing
of
the
text.
Many pl'Oper names,
fall of Seoul was imminent. No one doubted
as
well
as
some
Greek
and Hebrew words
the fate of the Bible manuscript or its
difficult
to
translate,
are
left in the original
translators in the hands of the atheistic
but
put
into
the
Korean phonetic
language
Communists. One of the translators of the
alphabet.
The
pronunciation
is changed
Hangul version took the manuscript and
somewhat
but
is
\'Cry
similar
to
the origiwent into hiding. Many times Communist
nal.
For
example:
Jehovah
is
pronounced
soldiers came to his home seeking the
manuscript and the translator. The soldiers Yo-ho-wah; Logos, Lo-gos-su; Jes,-!-sChrist,
paid little attention to the pile of firewood Yea-su Ku-risu-to; and Gehenna, Gay-henneatly stacked in the cotu'tyard against a na.
However, as previously stated, there are
severe Seoul winter. Had they known, the
some
limitations due to translating, and,
person they sought was secreted right
along
with this, many of the expressions
there in the hollowed-out center of the
are
in
archaic language not easily underwoodpile along with the manuscript.
stood
by
today's Korean; a situation simiThe translator stayed in the woodpile
lar
to
that
involving use of the King James
about one month, until the Communists
Version
in
English.
In order to correct this,
caught on to the woodpile device, then he
modern
translation
has been started, but
a
fled Seoul to the farm of a relative, ,,,,here
it
is
estimated
it
will
take over ten years
he buried the manuscript in an earthen
to
complete
it.
Imperfections
notwithstandjar. On August 26 U.S. Forces recaptured
ing,
this
Bible
is
an
excellent
and powerful
that, part of Seoul where he hid; then on
means
of
teaching
the
good
news
of JehoAugust 29 he retrieved the manuscript from
vah's
kingdom.
the vegetable garden. He quickly found a
new printer to start work again, but while Received Eagerly by Korean People
he was negotiating with him to do the
The Bible enjoys great respect among
typesetting, UN Forces began to withdraw. the Korean people, even among those who
This time he fled to Pusan. From there he do not profess Christianity. When the Hanwent to Japan to try to get the Hangul gul Bible was published in 1952, the BudBible printed there. However, they had no dhist Minister of Education said: "I envy
type in Japan with Korean characters. He you Christians; here you have a Bible in
spent a year showing them how to set it the latest system of spelling, but we Budup, Then, in September 1952, the printing dhists cannot issue our scriptures in any
finally done, Korea had a version of the form whatever." Many times Jehovah's
Bible in its own language and its own al- witnesses, while preaching from house to
phabet, after seventy-eight years of trans- house, encounter Buddhists or Confucianlating and revising.
ists who state emphatically that they are
The Hangul Bible has many fine fea- not believers and never will be. However,
APRIL 8, 1964
19
20
of extraordinary work, an urgent time, necessitating the eating of much food to have
the strength to work in the field harvest
ing from dawn till dark; and harvesttime
is a time of great happiness. Marriages are
arranged by a mediator, similar to the way
Abraham's servant Eliezer obtained a wife
for Isaac. And there are many, many more
similarities too numerous to mention.
After considering the short but vital his
tory of the Korean Bible, we may ask our
selves, What is the future of the Blble in
Korea? Will it eventually be overcome by
the atheistic thinking of communism but a
few miles to the north; or will it be be
littled from its place of respect by the
higher criticism of those organizations that
once championed it? Happily it can be
stated with certainty that God's Word has
a glorious future in Korea as well as
throughout the entire world; not because
of the efforts of men or organizations, however valiant these efforts may be, but because of Jehovah's own promise delivered
by Isaiah and called to mind by the apos
tle Peter: "For 'all flesh is like grass, and
all its glory is like a blossom of grass; the
grass becomes withered, and the flower
falls off, but the saying of Jehovah en
dures forever.''' (1 Pet. 1:24, 25) Jehovah
is the preserver of his own Word.
At this time thousands of Koreans in the
New World society of Jehovah's witnesses
are studying the Bible and 'paying more
than usual attention to the things heard,"
for they appreciate that the words of Jesus
in Luke, once merely scrap paper pasted
upon a wall, are now prophecy in fulfillment. The Kingdom promised is reality,
and happy indeed are those who once hun
gered for a knowledge of Jehovah, because
they have been filled.-Heb. 2: 1.
A WAKE!
~j~~g~~~
THE Inland-two
million square
miles of country
reaching into the very
21
School Is In
To hear the eager young voices report
to their unseen teacher, each with his or
her special call-sign, is a remarkable experience indeed.
The clock hands move to the hour. The
teacher throws a switch. "This is VJD3,
Medical Station. The time is ten o'clock.
We are now ready for the morning school
of the air."
The introductory theme is played on the
studio piano, notes of which go out over
22
What has this peculiarly Australian enterprise achieved in its more than a decade
of operation? For one thing, the shy monosyllabic child of the bush is disappearing.
Life is brighter and broader. Boys and
girls of aboriginal and white races have
learned to appreciate one another and hecome close friends. And a most treasured
thing is being provided for the life of any
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
APRIL 8, 190'4
23
AWAKE!
APRIL 8. 196!
the middle of the eighth century when the
Arabs captured Samarkand and, with it,
several Chinese workmen newly arrived
ther.e for a recently erected paper factory.
In 793 a paper mill was built in Baghdad,
and there paper became so diversified as to
include extra-thin sheets for "airmail" by
pigeon post.
This all-essential material of modern
printing did not reach Spain, the pivot
point between Arab and European civilizations, until 1150 and dallied along until
the fourteenth century before arriving in
Germany.
Thus the nation of Gutenberg was some
thirteen centuries behind China, whose
government official, Tsai Lun, in the year
A.D. 105 mixed up a pulp from rags, mulberry bark, hemp and grass, ladled it onto
a sieve and watched it dry into a kind of
fleece. Taken from the sieve and fully
dried, it could then be smoothed into a
good writing sheet by lise of alum or other
sizing.
With the Oriental" getting the tools of
the graphic arts in their hands so early,
it is really not surprising that the Chinese
and Japanese were printing from engraved
blocks in the first millennium A.D. Already
in the sixth (:cntury Chinese artisans were
carving wood blocks for a whole page at a
time; by the eleventh century they had
advanced to using individual wood characters that could be reset for new texts.
By about 1390 the related Korean people
had movable metal type that could be cast
quickly and was more durable. Europe did
not produce the elemental woodcut for capitalletters in handwritten manuscripts before the mid-twelfth century.
All this does not necessarily indicate
that Europe borrowed its printing techniques from thE' Orient, for developments
26
AWAKE!
APRIL 8, 1964
27
AWAKEI
Cuts in Taxes
United States Pre.<;ident
Lyndon John.<;on signed a taxreduction bill on Fehruary 27.
The measure provides $11,500"
000,000 in annual tax relief for
individuals and corporations.
The reduction is the largest in
the nation's history. The bill,
passed in the U.S. Senate by a
vote of 74 to 19, does not affect
income for 1963.
~
Cultural I<:xehangc
Afte-r fortysix days of bargaining, on February 22 the
Soviet Union and the United
States signed an expanded
agreeme-nt on scientific, tech
nical, educational and cultural
exchanges. The agreement is
for two years. It is the fourth
since 1958. The present agree
ment provides exchanges in
industry, agriculture, medicine
and public health. The exchange in number of students
is still forty a year.
APRIL 8, 1964
29
30
Stan'ation in Bait
~
In Sps.i.n
A WAKE/
services. Proselytizing Is prohibited, as are religious journals, church schools, cemeteries, seminaries and other
Institutions."
Last year Jehovah's witnesses enjoyed a 17-percent Increase in Spain, working underground, of course. Over 2.900
of Jehovah's witnC!;ses reported actLvity in Spain during the
year.
A-Plant on Welsh Isle
+ Anglesey
*' On
United
Sir
the Soviet Union and the United States the major issues involving peace and war. It was
announced on February 26 that
Britain would build five Po
laris submurines.
People on the Move
*' During
tober,
LONDON N.W. 7
THE RIDGEWAY
Pleasp send me the 32-pllge magazIne, The WatchtOWer. for one year (2-1 i._qU(sl. For mailing
the coupon r am to re~e,,e free the three tlmcl~- bo(}klets 1'ake COUTaV,-nurl'., K,,,-,,rlmn / . M
Hatul', Secunty /Jurinq "War of the Great Day ot Gnd tho AZ."",rlldy" and "VJOh-! I Am MakinG
All Thtn_q~ New." I am enclosing 7/" (for Austraha. 8/-; for South Afrt~a. 11k)
Name.
Post
Town ._....
D!~trict
APRIL 8, 1964
Postal
No.
County
31
8 million
Over 8 million copies of the excellent, modern-English New
World Translation of the Holy Scriptures have been printed
and distributed. Two fine editions are shown below to choose
from. Notice the words circled in the first sample. Do you see
how vital it is to make Bible reading a regular part of your
daily activity? Send for your copy today.
1 CORINTIUANS 9: 20-10: 22 Adaptable. Ra ... ;:"'lUDpIH, Cap 124%
Pocket edition. Notice the
sample at the right. See how
easy It Is to understand? See
how clear the type is? And
how easy the verse numbers
are to locate! This Is an
ideal edltlon to carry with
you. Flexible brown cover;
red edging on pages. Measures only 6,\" x 4!" xl".
1,472 pages. Revised A.D.
1961. Only 10/9 (for Australia, 13/3; for South Africa,
RLlO).
.
Ad
~Lu16:15
things' of her fornication.
6
n upon h er f ore- 'Jas
1:21
head was written a name, a mystery,<1<1> "Baby- <l>2Th2:7
Ion the Great, the motherD of the harlots"" and g~n ~i~gl
of the disgusting things of the earth."# 6 And 'R,e
19:2
#Ezc 22:2
I saw that the woman was drunko wlth the OMt 24:49
bloodo of the holy ones and with the blood of Re 18:24
the witnesses 0 of Jesus 0
01Co 15,15
ORe 22;20
Well, on catching sight of her I wondered
Talent=113 pounds. b Or, "mankind." '" Or, "great." d Or, "a
~l~ious ~eeret'::~(Saer~~to~_~B~o~b,y~l~o"n,)____~
.. ~
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please s~nd me [] Pocket edition (10/9 rtor Australia 13/3: for South Africa, R1.10]);
r ] Largeprlnt edition (32/3 [for Au.tralia. 1/19/9; for South Africa, RJ.25J> of the New World
'l'ranslation of the Holy Scriptures. I am enclosing ............ .
Street and Number
or Route and Box .............."'...................................... .
Name ....
Postal
Post
District No ..... "" .... County.
Town.
In: AUSTRALIA, 11 Beresford Rd, Strathfield, N S W. CANADA: 150 Brldgeland AVe., Toronto 19, ant. SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Ba~ 2, P.O. Elandsfonteln, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adam" St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
AWAKE!
--,,-----..
3,900,000
n.
odd''''
Blbl. lran.lotl.. ,...I.. ty lsod II "Awllo!" 10 Ih. IN W.." T,.",loU.n 01 I~' Holy 1o,lpI."', 1961 ..
Wh.. othor 1,"n,llIlon' ... '''d, tbllo I, ol ..,ly lIarllocl.
"r....
-""--"-"-'"-'--""-"-"--"-"-
CONTENTS
Of Vital Concern to You
Religious Organizations
What Is Locked To as Authority?
The Clergy View ModernDay Religion
Babylonian Origins of
ModernDay Religious Concepts
4
7
11
17
.,
24
28
30
"It is
alr~ady
Volume XL-V
HAT things
do you consider to be of vital concern? Perhaps the health and
well-being of you and
your family come to mind.
Certainly these are important,
vitally affecting the happiness and
future of you and your loved ones. But
what about your worship and your relationship to your Creator? Does this not
also affect the happiness and future of you
and your family?
Even though a person may rea1ize what
vitally affects him, at times it is a human
failing to neglect these very things. Yet, is
it not foolish to take an indifferent attitude toward matters tl)at so vitally affect
your life and happiness? If a doctor advised you that continuing to cater to some
bad habit would cut your life short, would
you not do something about it? Or if a
construction engineer warned you that
your house was in danger of collapSing due
to a faulty foundatjon, would you not take
the steps necessary to protect yourself and
your family?
Then you must appreciate that your religion is of even more vital concern to you,
for it affects your life now and into the
distant future as weJ1.
Although you may feel that your religion is adequate and you are satisfied with
it, what you must consider is the IlOSsibili-
Number B
ty that it may
not be the one
God approves..
Surely you have
seen how many different religions there are in
the world and have observed
the many things done in the
name of religion that are sources of
concern to thinking persons: wars have
been fought, political rivalries engaged in,
oppressive rulers supported, all in the name
of religion. And who has not noticed the
many confiicting beliefs and practices of
these numerous religions!
Just because a religion is old, or becaU$e
you have been raised in it, does not make
it right or acceptable to God. So you owe
it to yourself and your loved ones to examine the foundations of modern-day religion, including your own, to determine if
it is approved by Gad.
Do not dismiss the matter lightly, as of
no concern. How foolish it would be to
throwaway the very life and happiness
you desire now and in the future just because you neglected to make sure whether
your religion was approved by God!
Since this matter is of such vital concern to you, affecting your life, happiness
and future, join with us as we examine the
foundations of modern-day religion. In doing so you win see how it stands with God.
It will also help you to determine how you
stand with God!
3
a
cent television
D
show in Australia
URING
re~
a woman was
EOPLE
BELONG
TO RELIGIOUS
ORGANIZATIONS
asked which
church she attended. She replied
that, although a
Presbyterian, she
attended the Methodist Church. When asked the
reason, she replied, "Because
it's the nearest." With a similar superficial motive, a man
described himself during a reent survey of religious adherence in Britain as "Church of
England, only to distinguish
myself from Roman Catholic
or other denomination." Such
remarks by people queried in religious surveys point up the fact that many persons
belong to religious organizations for reasons other than that they are convinced
that theirs teaches and practices God's
truths.
It should prove enlightening, then, to
AWAK11
WHAT IS
LOOKED
\\\\\\\\\1"
1
TOASIII '
11111111111111111111 II
No
SCRUTINY
of the foun-
Tradition as Authority
It is frankly admitted that many groups
rely heavily on tradition, which may be
information, opinions, beliefs or customs
handed down by word of mouth or by example. Traditions have their value; traditions in dress, eating habits and architecture have enriched men with variety. But
APRIL !2, 1964
op Austin Pardue of the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of Pittsburgh who said: "The
vicious malady of our orthodox American
denominations comes from the corroding
acids of disbelief which have watered down
our convictions to the point where much
of our religion has become a matter of
mere custom and tradition."1 Concerning
a clergyman in the Church of England,
The A ustratian Church Record of December 6, 1963, says: "Speaking at an Evangelical Conference in Sydney on November 29, the Venerable H. G. S. Begbie said
that what was known as 'Anglican tradition' was replacing scripture as the standard doctrine in the Church of England
today."
Thus tradition as an authority is gaining
among Protestant religions, though it has
not generally reached the high level it has
gained in the Roman Catholic religion,
where it stands as equal with the Bible or
above it. The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol.
15, page 7, says: "Side by side with Scripture there is tradition . . . . This granted,
it is impossible to be satisfied with the Bible alone for the solution of all dogmatic
problems." Many Catholic religious teachers prefer tradition. A Catholic priest in
Quebec, Canada, said, as quoted in the
newspaper Le lIfessager (The Messenger):
"Tradition is clearly superior as a rule of
faith to Scripture."
Though the Jews have the Hebrew
Scriptures from Genesis to Malachi, they
rely instead on a great body of oral tradition. Incorporating much of this tradition
is the Talmud, which the rabbis have written over the centuries. Regarding the Talmud, The Jewish Encyclopedia, Vol. 12,
page 26, states: "For the majority of Jews
it is still the supreme authority in religion."
The Jewish religious leaders in the days
of Jesus Christ also put tradition ahead of
the written word of God. Such preference
8
least make it clear that they are not teaching the Bible, but rather relying on human
reasonings and preaching what one clergyman called "a psychiatric gospel of relaxation and peace of mind."
Scientific Theories
More and more religious leaders look to
scientists as authorities because of their
influence and renown. Many persons even
make science their supreme authority, as
Charles Lindbergh wrote in his book Of
Flight and Life: "To me in youth, science
was more important than either man or
God. I worshiped science. I was awed by
its knowledge .... It took many years for
me to discover that science, with all its
brilliance, lights only a middle chapter of
creation .... Now I understand that spiritual truth is more essential to a nation
than the mortar in its cities' walls."
Thus Lindbergh spotlights the danger of
using science as a supreme authority. For
what is science? It is not a divine guide;
it does not reveal God's purposes. Blindly
following it, as is done in Russia and elsewhere, leads to materialistic philosophies
and the crushing out of all spirituality.
Yet what do modern religious leaders do
when there is a seeming conflict between
science and the Bible? As an example,
modern-day religion to a great extent
places the theory of evolution above the
Bible. Says one professor: "The popular
theologian, patting his brother scientist on
the back, now rejects the literal interpretation of the creation story of Genesis ....
The popular churches now worship at the
shrine of the evolutionistic scientist."" The
fact that Jesus Christ confirmed the Genesis record does not deter these professedly
Christian clergymen from looking to the
evolutionistic scientist.-Matt. 19:4, 5.
Actually, however, science upholds true
religion and is not out of accord with the
APRIL 22, 1964
Human Philosophies
One philosopher of the past, Buddha,
discarded all claims to divine revelation
and appeals to tradition. But did his disclaiming divine revelation cause his adherents to be any less devout? Certainly
not. Though Buddhism is claimed by some
to be only a philosophy, and not a religion,
that philosophy has in fact become the
foundation on which many millions of persons have built their worship. What is said
by some Buddhists to be meditation becomes fervent prayer in the case of others.
What some view as aids to concentration
are objects of worship to others.
Because religion has leaned heavily on
profound metaphysical distinctions of the
philosophers, historian John Lord wrote in
his Beacon Lights of Histm'y: "Has not
theology attempted too much? ... Has it
not often made a religion which is based
on deductions and metaphysical distinctions as imperative as a religion based on
simple declarations?"
For discussion of this Sl'C' the April 22, 1963, issue of
A'wake! on "The Bibl" Triumph, In ~ "clentiflc \Vorld,"
which contuins u serks of urtldes on thb subject.
view In:;: it from many aspects, You may consult it at
the Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's wltnesse" nearest you.
10
in government and rising rates of immorality and crime. The majority of criminals profess to belong to some church.
However, the difficulty lies, not with the
Bible, but with the religious organizations
that have failed to inculcate its righteous
principles. As cleric J. Arthur Lewis declared at a Baptist church in Australia:
"We endorse the Sermon on the Mount as
an ethic beyond all praise. But our endorsement is not matched by our obedience."4
Yet it is well known that Bible princi~
pIes are sound and that applying them
would, indeed, solve the problems with
which mankind is confronted. Why, even
the Hindu leader Mahatma Gandhi once
told the British Viceroy of India, Lord
Irwin: "When your country and mine shall
get together on the teachings laid down
by Christ in his Sermon on the Mount, we
shall have solved the problems not only of
our countries but those of the whole
world."" Not only the Sermon on the Mount
but the entire Bible is filled with counsel
from God that is badly needed by all mankind. For the benefit of all of us He has
said concerning those Holy Scriptures:
"All Scripture is inspired of God and beneficial for teaching, for reproving, for setting things straight, for disciplining in
righteousness."-2 Tim. 3:16.
But what has happened? Religions
around the world continue to rely on human reasoning rather than this divine wisdom. It is therefore urgent for you to
examine the foundation of your own faith.
On what is it built? Have you been relying
on men, or do you pay attention to God?
REFERENCES
1 New York Times, August 7, 1950,
2 Frank Lewis Marsh, Professor of Biology, In Btudll?8
in Oreutionism, pp. 38. 39.
3 August, 1948; newspaper Rems-Zeitung. JlUluary 14,
1952.
4 Tltll Bun, Melbourne. June 6. 1960.
~ Treasury 01 the Ohristlan Faith, edIted by Stuber
and Cluk. p. 43.
AWAKE/
Wrong DIr.dion
The assistant superintendent ot the Central Methodist Mission in AUstralia, T. D.
Noffs, recently pleaded for a change of direction for modernday religion. "The Christian
Church cannot forever proceed with platitudes
and ilTelevancies, with fiddle-faddle, with operating huge rich country club churches whIch
'Influence Gone'
I A letter from cleric W. C. G. Proctor about
the increase of crime in Ireland appeared in
a Dublin newspaper. It said, in part: "Ought
not, indeed, we who are ministers of religion
feel a bit ashamed of ourselves as we hear
01 members of the 'Hock' taking to crime?
Where has our influence gone? What has been
the use ot our teaching? A Christian will not
participate in crime, and, contrariwise, one
who deliberately commits a crime is not a
Christian. Therefore, the Churches are failing
in their task of making the people of Ireland
Cbristlan."-Evening Mail, Dublin, December
9,1959.
One Thing Only
I The Foreign Mission Board of the Brazillan
Identity Unclear
Professor Krister Stendahl, of the theological :l'aculty at the University of Uppsala,
Sweden, stated at a meeting that "nobody
knows what the Church really is. This lae}{
of clarity is natural in a country where '1.5
million belong to the Church but only 200,000
attend Church service$."-Svenska Dagbladet
(Swedish Daily), February 13, 1960.
Overturned by World
In Australia, Baptist clergyman Phil Hayes
saId In the Perth SU1/,aay Te{egrapk'8 ''Message for the Week": "The early Christians
were living witnesses to Jesus Christ. The
early Christians turned the world upside down.
In our modern day the world has turned the
Church upside down, because We have lost
our grip, our way, our faith."-S'unday Telegraph, SydneY, June 28, 1959, p. 77.
!l
AN
r ,.-..-,.-..-..;.......---
==AB=Y=L=o=N=h=ad='=it=fi=rs=t!=,iiii
B
justadvertisements
as today one
oftenYes,
reads
in which the boast is made,
well
had of
it
first!" boast,
In fact, "We
regardless
the quarter of this globe in
which you may be living,
most likely you will be surprised to learn how many of the prevailing
religious concepts can be traced back to
ancient Babylon.
Thus one learned professor, author of
the book Religion of Babylon and A88yria~
tells us of the "profound impression made
upon the ancient world by the remarkable
manifestations of religious thought in Babylonia and by the religious activity that
prevailed in that region." He also reports
that "prior to the rise of Christianity,
Egypt, Persia and Greece felt the influence
of Babylonian religion."l Another scholar
states that "the researches of modern writers ... uniformly regard Babylon and Assyria as the cradle of ancient Paganism,"2
and still another observes that "the Assyrians borrowed largely from the Babylonians."!
However, not only the ancient civiliza
tions borrowed their religious concepts
from Babylon. The religions of people in
aU parts of the world even down to this
day bear the mark of ancient Babylon. It
is true that some make the assertion that
the various religious superstitions and
idolatries of different nations were spon-
12
~RT~TNS
of
MOD ~ RNDAY
R~ II GIOU S
CON C~ PIS
_
One of the most common religious concepts held today throughout the world, and
that not only in Christendom but also in
non-Christian lands, is that of a trinity or
triad of gods. According to the Roman
Catholic Encyclopedia, the trinity is "the
central doctrine of the Christian religion."
How important the other half of Christendom views this teaching to be can be gathered from the fact that in 1961 the World
Council of Churches added acceptance of
the trinity to its conditions for membership. On the other side of the world there
is the Hindu triad or trinity consisting of
Brahma, Vishnu and Siva. Even a Buddhist image-in Japan has three heads. Certain African tribes also have a trinity of
deities.
What is the origin of thismodern-day religious concept? It came from ancient Babylon. At the head of its pantheon of gods
there w~ a triad consisting of Anu, Enlil
(Bel) and Ea, followed by another triad or
trinity, that of the gods Sin, Shamash and
Adad. Thus we are told that "to invoke
Anu, Bel and Ea became a standing formula that the rulers of Babylon as well as of
Assyria were fond of employing. These
were the three gods par excellence. JJ1 The
ancient Babylonians even had several
triads or trinities of devils!
But what does the Bible have to say
about this religious concept? Does it ever
mention a trinity by name? Does it ever
.APRIL
.e1!,
1964
13
14
15
for themselves, men who spumed the diM they all reflected their origin at Babel
vine 'law and showed no regard for the (Greek: Babylon), where Jehovah God haa
sanctity of life. Their ringleader was Nim- confused their tongues.---Gen. 11:5-9.
rod, who became the first hwnan king,
Thus, amazingly, most of modern-day
Of their activities the Bible reports: religion, which claims to be the worship of
"Now all the earth continued to be of one God, in reality leads mankind away from
language and of one set of words. And it the true God. Adhering to Babylonish traM
came about that in their journeying east- ditions, rather than to God's Word as reward they eventually discovered a valley corded in the Holy Bible, such religion
plain in the land of Shinar, and they took shows itself to be in opposition to Jeho
up dwelling there.
vah. At times that
. . . They now said:
opposition is shown
COMING IN THE NEXT JS5UE
'Come on! Let us
simply by indiffer
A
Perfect
World-Worth Working For'
build ourselves a city
ence on the part of
So You Feel Sorry for your.elt.
and also a tower with
the worshipers for
e The Deputy-e .tege play that hu .tlrred
its top in the heavwhat Jehovah God
up conlclence. and oppo.ltlon.
Emotional Judgm.nt Denle.
has to say to man
ens, and let us make
Individual Right .
a celebrated name for
kind through the Bi
The Apo.tl. Paul'. Wrlt'/'ahlp Vindicated,
ble. At other times it
ourselves, for fear we
is
manifest by those
may be scattered
over all the surface of the earth.''' (Gen. who profess to teach the Bible, but who
11:1-4) That tower was set up for religious purge the name of God from his own Book,
purposes, but not to honor the true God, endeavoring to make him a nameless Lord
man's Creator. They were seeking to make or God who will be acceptable to everyone.
a celebrated name for themselves; and And on yet other occasions that opposition
their leader, Nimrod, was one who had is manifest by official decrees against those
made a reputation for himself as "a mighty who worship Jehovah or even by violent
hW1ter in opposition to Jehovah," the true persecution, But regardless of how the op
God. (Gen. 10:8, 9) For mankind's own position is shown, religion that is built on
good, Jehovah God did not allow this apos- Babylonish foundations and so is in optasy to continue without reproof. He ex- position to Jehovah God, the Creator of
pressed his displeasure with it by confus- man, cannot bring lasting blessings to its
ing their language, forcing them to cease adherents,
their W1ited building work.
ReFERENCE'S
"Accordingly Jehovah scattered them
1 ReUgton 0/ Bab:llwn and Ass:IIrfa.-Jastrow, pp. 145147,
lI36,
557,
560,
657, 699, 701.
from there over all the surface of the
II 21M Wor.hip 0/ the Dead-!. Garnier, PP. 3, 4, S.
BlWllionjan and A88l1rian Religlo ........Hooke, p. xl.
earth," the Bible reports, and as they
Fato." Fotos, August 10. 1963.
scattered they carried their apostate ret Korea, the Hermit Natkln-T. S. Soltau. P. 15.
New York TI1II68, September 11. 1950.
ligious ideas with them. Now, of course,
f Bruril, PIiOfIle ano:t: III8tltutk",,_T. L. Smith. pp.
186, 587.
with new languages they had new names
AlWient Hl8tory, Part I-P. V. N. Myers, P. 72.
The E'lCflc/opredja Britannica, 1959 ed., Vol. 1, p. 861.
for their gods and their teachings, but lQ8 SemiUc
and Hamitw Orl"IM-Barton, P. 236.
16
AWAKEI
M this
ODERN~DAY
17
18
The Re8ult8
But is this involvement in the affairs of
this system of things a good thing? What
happens when religion is married to the
State, or when it leaps into political fracases and endeavors to whip up support of
its favorite party or regime? Does it produce the good fruitage of peace, unity and
love?
Think now. Does it not rather result in
hard feelings, or, worse yet, even in divisions and wars? When a priest prays,
"We must work to keep the Democrats in,"
and begs God's assistance to that end, are
not church members divided? Does God
favor one political party over another? Is
God the God of the Democrats, but not of
the Republicans? Is he God of one political
power, but not of another nation?
Is it not apparent that mixing in the
affairs of this old system leads to divisions and strife? For example, consider
what happened recently in Australia when
the clergy openly supported different political parties. The Labor party leader Arthur A. Calwell lamented that, as a result
of this, "every Catholic family, every convent, every monastery, every rectory is
divided." The New York Times of January 30, 1961, observed that "the rift extends to the hierarchy. Archbishop Mannix
is openly at odds with Cardinal Norman
T. Gilroy of Sydney," and "also with his
own Co-adjutor Archbishop, Australianborn Justin D. Simonds."
When modern-day religion sides with a
political party or regime, then it becomes
involved in their political squabbles and
APRIL 2ft, 1964
battles. Thus Catholic is set against Catholic, Baptist against Baptist, Lutheran
against Lutheran, and so on. During wartime the clergy who support one government even encourage their congregations
to go out and kill others of the same faith
who have thrown in their lot with a different political power. An outstanding
example of this was during the first and
second world wars. No doubt you still remember how the clergy on both sides petitioned God to grant them victory over
those of the same religiOUS faith fighting
on the opposite side.
It thus becomes apparent that close union with this old system of things is a divisive, corrupting influence. By such involvement modern-day religion has ceased
to be an ennobling force; it no longer can
champion love of fellowman and respect
for life. But, rather, by sinking its foundations into worldly affairs, modern-day
religion has become infected with this old
system's moral decadence, divisions, prejudices and hatreds.
This was sharply drawn to public attention by book reviewer Maurice Weiler,
writing in the August 13, 1962, issue of
Le Monde (The World), a Paris newspaper. He said: "What explains that for
so many centuries the Christian peoples
have participated in so many wars: wars
of conquest, crusades, wars of religion,
colonial wars? How is it that the churches
-Catholic and Protestant-generally approved these wars, sometimes encouraged
them, always tolerated them? How did it
come about that both camps prayed to
God and called for his blessing upon the
fighting forces? One must go back to
what the author dares to call the 'heresy
of Constantine.' The day the Christian society thought it could hasten its triwnph
by associating with the political powers."
19
20
t~
A WAKE!
BILITY to
tell with accuracy the things
that have not yet
RELIGION
DISAPPROVED
BY GOD
21
naanites and Israelites died, not because taken office, her religiOUS clergy have been
they were Egyptians, Canaanites and ls- at their side to pray for them, and when
raelites, but because their religion was these "kings" go to war her religious leadwrong, based on false premises, often ers are there to bless their armies. And
who today does not know of her dealings
hypocritical.
with dictators and kings to feather her
Looking to the Future
nest and make it secure?
What, then, does the fUture hold for
But now God's prophetic Word shows
modern-day religion that turns a deaf ear that the day for Babylon the Great is past.
to Jehovah's Word and closes its eyes to Try as she will to renew her charms and
the warning examples it records? The last give herself a "new face," she is shown to
book of the Bible, Revelation, leave!'! no be a worn-out harlot, soon to be discarded
room for doubt. Three of its chapters de- by her former lovers. Yes, the seventeenth
scribe God's judgment on "Babylon the chapter of Revelation shows that the very
Great," pictured both as a city and as a political powers she once enchanted will
harlotrous woman who assumes a superior turn violently against her in hatred, strip
position over the kings of the earth. The off her religious robes, and lay bare the
old city of Babylon is now a heap of ruins, naked facts of her religious fraud and de~
so who or what is this "Babylon the Great" ceit. Whatever these pOlitical powers may
today? It should bring no shock to be told think their reason to l?e, God's Word shows
that the name applies to th.e modern-day whose purpose they will serve when it
world empire of religions that are in op- says: "Be glad over her, 0 heaven, also
position to Jehovah. We have already seen you holy ones and you apostles and you
in this magazine the positive proof that prophets, because God has judicially exact~
the doctrines of such religions are rooted ed punishment for you from her! And a
in ancient Babylon. No longer confined to strong angeillfted up a stone like a great
the plains of Shinar in Mesopotamia, such millstone and hurled it into the sea, saybelief has spread out over all the earth ing: 'Thus with a swift pitch will Babylon
through the world's religions and thus to- the great city be hurled down, and she will
day we have Babylon the Great. She is, as never be found again.' " Her disappearance
ancient Babylon ever was, the enemy of will come swiftly as if steel-strong fingers
of an invisible hand had fastened around
Jehovah's pure worship.
The pages of secular history unite in her, rocked her completely off her onceshowing that this world empire of reli- strong foundations and, with a mighty
gions has held her place of prominence in heave, hurled her into the depths of the
the world, not by her own armies or her sea. That is what the future holds for recommercial holdings, though sometimes ligion disapproved by God.-Rev. 18:20,
great; rather, she has relied on her reli- 21; 17,15-18.
gious charm to woo the world rulers and
In view of this it is certainly worth
win them to her way of thinking. To be while to ask: Where do you stand as refrank, she has been a barlot, willing to sell gards this worldwide practice of worship
her favors for a price to any and all who that is in opposition to Jehovah God? Does
could enrich or exalt her, or increase her honest investigation show you have built
power as spiritual mistress over the "kings on its foundations? If so, consider careof the earth." When kings and rulers have fully the next article.
APRIL SS, 1964
23
ROM early times men have realized the dans. For this reason, it is reported that
importance of building on a solid foun- Sir Isaac Newton, noted scientist and a
dation. Jesus Christ, whom the Bible iden- critic of ancient writings, having examtifies as the Son of God, used this common ined the Holy Scriptures with great care,
knowledge to good advantage in illustrat- declared: "I find more sure marks of auing the type of foundation on which a per- thenticity in the New Testament than in
son should build his spiritual life. He lik- any profane history whatever."
ened one who looked to the right source of
Archaeology, too, has unearthed a vast
spiritual instruction and then acted in har- array of tangible evidence that overwhelmmony with what he learned to a man "who ingly confirms the authenticity of the
built his house upon the rock-mass." And Scriptures. In fact, when the Bible record
when "the rain poured down and the floods touches on any field of science, its accucame and the winds blew and lashed racy reflects the fact that it is indeed inagainst that house," Jesus said, "it did not spired by the One who is the Creator of
cave in, for it had been founded upon the all things. What it says is sound, and it is
rock-mass."-Matt. 7:24, 25.
as true today as when it was first written.
Yes, for one's faith to be so strong that
Furthermore, the Bible's righteous prinhis spiritual life will not collapse when ciples and moral standards show it to be
hard pressed by storms of opposition, it written under divine inspiration. Realistimust be firmly grounded. But where? On cally it explains the reasons for the cirphilosophies evolved by imperfect men? cumstances with which mankind is now
on unproved theories of science? No, a confronted, and it shows us how to conmore durable foundation than that is duct ourselves in such a way as to enjoy
needed. You need a foundation of unshak- wholesome relations within our families,
able truth. But where can it be found?
with our fellowman and, above all, with
Almighty God himself inspired men of the Most High God.
faith to write a book of instructions for the
If you have not already done so, you
guidance of mankind. That book, as we saw owe it to yourself and your family to exin the preceding article, is the Bible. As amine this inspired record. The Bible is
might be expected, the very contents of printed, complete or in part, in 1,202 lanthe Bible inspire confidence. It does not guages; so in all probability you can read
relate mythological ideas as if they were it in your own tongue. And since many
historical fact. To the contrary, it deals millions of copies are printed each year,
with datable historical events, tying in its
For details on archaeOlogical and other sClentlfic
own narrative with well-known persons confirmation or the BIble, see the book "AU SCripture
Is lnapirea 01 Goa ana Bene/loial," published. In 1963
and places reported on by secular histo:' by the Watchtower BIble and Tract Society.
24
AWAKEI
196~
relative to the origin of life and the creation of the universe. Jehovah God is the
source of life.-Ps. 36: 9.
When reference is made to Jehovah God,
be careful not to confuse his identity with
Jesus Christ his Son, as is done by those
in Christendom whose concept of God has
been shaped by traditions that originated
in ancient Babylon. Jesus Christ is not Almighty God, nor is he coeternal with God
or equal to God. Rather, he refers to himself as "the beginning of the creation by
God." (Rev. 3:14) Yes, he was the first
one created by God, a glorious spirit creature in the heavens long before this earth
was formed. As one who was created, he
was not equal to his Creator, his Father,
and he himself pointed this out, saying:
"The Father is greater than I am." (John
14:28) And on another occasion he emphatically stated: "Jehovah our God is one
Jehovah." In the light of such clear statements from the Bible, how Scripturally unfounded is the false religious teaching of
the trinity, which claims that there are
three persons in God!-Mark 12:29; Deut.
6:4.
26
AWAKE!
face everlasting cutting off in death.-John him Furthermore, the world is passing
away and so is its desire, but he that does
17:3; 3:36; Rev. 21:8.
However, those dead who are worthy of the will of God remains forever." (1 John
life God will remember and, in bis due 2:15-17) No wonder the Bible forcefully
time, will call them forth to life in his righ~ says to tho5;e who would mix their wor~
teous new order. "Do not marvel at this," ship of God with a life of Worldliness:
Jesus assuringly said, "because the hour "Adulteresses, do you not know that the
Is coming in which all those in the memo~ friendship with the world is enmity with
rial tombs will hear his voice and come God? Whoever, therefore, wants to be a
friend of the world is constituting himself
GUt." What blessings will be enjoyed then!
For a limited number of 144,000, these an enemy of God."-Jas. 4:4.
That does not mean that those who wor~
blessings will he enjoyed in heaven as ru1~
ers with Jesus Christ, while for the vast ship Jehovah do not earn a living in the
majority of obedient mankind the blessing world, or that they do not obey the laws
of everlasting life will be enjoyed right of the land, but it does mean they do not
here on an earth restored to paradise con- adopt the spirit of the world, that they do
ditions as subjects of that heavenly king- not get involved in its political affairs and
dom.-John 5:28, 29; Rev. 14:1-3; Ps. 37: they do not seek their friendship in its social institutions. Instead, they place their
29,34.
confidence in the kingdom of God, they
submit to its righteous laws recorded in
Support of God's Kingdom
Since the kingdom of God is the agency the Bible. and they act as its publicity
that Jehovah will use to bless mankind, agents. Of himself Jesus Christ said: "Also
you must support that kingdom in order to other cities I must declare the good
to win God's favor. If you pay only lip ser- news of the kingdom of God, because for
vice to God's kingdom but give your en- this I was sent forth." (Luke 4:43) True
ergetic support to the kingdoms of this old Christians follow that example, and as adworld, you are certainly not building on a vocates of the Kingdom they are building
sound foundation. As Jesus explained, you their faith on a solid foundation; because,
must be "no part of the world, just as I of that kingdom entrusted by Jehovah GOO.
am no part of the world." But why are to his Son, the Bible says: "His rulership
Christians commanded to keep themselves is an indefinitely lasting rulership that will
not pass away, and his kingdom one that
''without spot from the world"? It is bewill not be brought to ruin."-Dan. 7:14.
cause the Scriptures reveal that Satan the
Do not be like the foolish man of whom
Devil is "the ruler of this world," or, as it
Jesus spoke, the one who built his house
Is expressed in another place, "the god of on sand. "The rain poured down and the
this system of things."-John 17:16; Jas. floods came and the winds blew and struck
1:27; John 12:31; 2 Cor. 4:4.
against that house and it caved in, and its
So if we are working for the perpetua- collapse was great." Rather, be like the
tion of this system of things, we are not "discreet man, who built his house upon
builrung our spiritual1ife on a fomJdation the rockmass. And the rain poured down
that will endure, because J.ehovah God has and the floods came and the winds blew
marked this wicked system for destruc- and lashed against that house, but it did
tion. Pointedly he says: "If anyone loves not cave in, for it had been founded upon
the world, the love of the Father is not in the rock-mass."-Matt. 7:24-27.
APRIL S.Il, 1964
21
14-4:15.
29
+ The
'*
30
"Pewrnonia"
"The disease of 'pewmonia'
-listening to sermons and doing nothing about them-is
threatening the modern church
tifb- V'(%?
7McAffJtd
~
THE
COUNSEL
OF GOD?
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me The Watchtower and A11XI.ke! for onp YfCar. I am en_
closinr 14/- (tor Au.,>lralia, 16/-; for Soulh Africa. R1 40). For sendIng
now
am to rc-cc-lve tree the booklets When All !lTalions UnUe Under
GOd'8 Kingdom, When God Speaks Peace to All lllotion-s, "I.ook! I Am
Making AU ThingS New." Take Courag('f-God's Kingdom Is at Hand!,
This Good News of the Kingdom anC! God'8 Way 1R L01X.
Name
............................. .
Post Town ..
Postal District No.
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-'---"----,-"-,--"--"-,-"-"-,----,--,-,--"----WATCH TOWER
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32
AWARE!
II Perlect World
-Worth Working For?
PAGE
MAY 8, 1964
PAGE 22
ENOLAND BY
3,900,000
4d a _
H."".,.
yO.'
... d In "Aw._.J" I. tho Now 11'..1' T,.n.I.Uon 01 Iho H.1y $0.1111 ..... 1961 edillon.
Whon othor tra.,I.tlon ro '''d. thl. I. cl ,ly .. ark.d.
,,~.la'l~
CONTENTS
So You Feel
Sorry fo, Yourself
Con~ciences
and
22
26
27
29
18
21
Volume XLV
Number 9
So you
feel sorry
for
yourself
MAY 8, 1964
4 mDCJ1UlIC1t \WCImJID
/1ft
~W!J.~~
__
~
MAY 8, 1964
l8i1111.
r
VII'.
used and you will see why this concept of
perfection is wrong. Take, for example,
the expression "a perfect circle." By that
is meant a circle in which every point on
its circumference is exactly the same distance from the circle's center. The circle
is perfect. True, but its perfection is certainlya very limited thing and is restricted
to just that one narrow sense of the points
on its circumference always being perfectly equidistant from its center. It has
no right angles; it is not a square and
never could be. A wooden peg might be
perfectly round and yet it would never
perfectly fill a square hole, would it? So
perfection can know limitations.
Likewise when the poet James Russell
Lowell wrote, "What is so rare as a day
in June? Then, if ever, come perfect days,"
he doubtless had in mind the mild sunny
weather, the azure-blue skies, the blo.<;som_
ing of flowers that characterize that
month in the Northern Hemisphere. But
he did not mean that June's summery days
had packed in them all the delights and
beauties of the year's four seasons. They
would not likely contain the pure beauty
of freshly fallen snow, or the loveliness of
autumn colors, nor even the stimulating
freshness of early spring. Their perfection
would not be an all-embracing one.
AWAKE!
MAY 8, 1964
tion. The perfection of those lovers of righ these things.-John 4:6, 7; Matt. 4:2;
teousness will not make them stereotypes Luke 8: 2224.
of identical personality nor will it rule out
Just as perfect humans will not be om
some excelling in certain lines while others nipotent, they wiII likewise not be omni
excel in others. The animal kingdom is part scient, "know it-aIls." Their perfection
of Jehovah's perfect workmanship. Still, does not require that they know all that
the hippopotamus' huge girth, which so their Creator knows, nor all that his heavperfectly adapts him to river life, certainly enly sons know, and in their paradise earth
does not equip him for imitating the nim- conversation will not be stifled by every
ble squirrel in scampering up trees, does it? body's knowing what everybody else knows.
Look, too, at the countless myriads of de- Their appetite for learning \-vill never grow
signs, colors and scents in earth's flowers, stale as each new acquisition of knowledge
all perfect products from the hand of their opens up still \vider vistas for their explorgrand Maker. Thus, with humans, their ing minds. Scientists today admit that
physical structure,
when, by laborious
their mental makeresearch, they finalIN THE NEXT ISSUE
up will allow for
ly find the key to
their excelling in
open one door in
PORTUGAL SUPPRESSES
different directions
some field of knowlFREEDOM OF WORSHIP
or pursuits. Perfec~
edge, on the other
BE SURE TO READ IT!
tion will not require
side they invariably
that every woman
find a dozen other
singer be able to hit "E" above high "C," doors each waiting to be unlocked. No,
or that all men be able to sing tenor and daily living in God's perfect world will
bass equally well.
never be humdrum as is so much of toVariety, change, contrast, all these are day's modern living.
compatible with perfection and will surely
Would such a world be worth \vorking
abound in God's perfect world. The simple for? Why, men have died for far less. Sureand the complex will still be there, the plain ly it will be worth your while to investiand the fancy, the sour and the sweet, the gate the evidence of its certain realization
rough and the smooth, the meadows and and to learn what will be required of you
the woods, the mountains and the vaUeys. to attain to life in it. Study God's Word,
While famine and extreme tiredness or fol' "the la\v of Jehovah is perfect, bringexhaustion will be things of the past, yet ing back the soul. The reminder of Jehoperfect humans will still feel stimulated to vah is trust\vol'thy, making the inexperipartake of food and drink by the normal enced one \visc." (Ps. 19:7) Then, rather
physical sensations of hunger and thirst. than imitate this failing world of mankind
Though their powers of endurance and as it vainly struggles to lift itself by 'tugstrength will reach far beyond present lim ging at its own bootstraps,' humbly turn to
its, yet they will still enjoy a rest after the God of Perfection and to his King-Son
hard work and their sleep will still be and High Priest of salvation and apply for
sweet. God's Son during his sojourn as a the privilege of forming part of the perfect
perfect man on earth experienced all world of their making.
AWAKE!
Ir~
"A DEPUTY of Christ
Currently, at its New York showing there
Who sees these things and nonetheless
is terrific applause at the end of each
permits reasons of state to seal his lips ... scene, and many curtain calls at its end.
that Pope is-a criminal!"
However, regarding its Paris premiere
Those lines, referring to the failure of we are told: "A fight broke out ... At least
Pope Pius XII to speak out against the seven persons were injured and thirty were
slaughter of millions of Jews, help explain temporarily detained .... Early in the secwhy The Deputy) both in book and in play ond act, a young man in the audience beform, has become the literary sensation gan to shout, then several youths leaped
of the postwar era. Also known as The onto the stage and fought with the actors
Representath:e and The Vicar-all trans- and then with the police who sought to
lating the German Del' Stcllvertl'etm'~it expel the demonstrators. The stage was
has made its author, Rolf Hochhuth, one finally cleared but each time the troupe
of the most respected as well as one of the resumed a new demonstration broke out
most hated men in all Europe.
somewhere in the hall. This continued alHowever, he blames
most to the play's
not only Pope Pius
end."-New York
XII, but all others who
Times, Dec. 31, 1963.
failed to protest. He
When the play
singles out the pope
opened in New York
for severest censure
late in February this
only because of his
year, among the demclaim to be the vicar
onstrators against it
or deputy of Christ
were tifteen members
and bccause of his poof the American Nazi
sition as head of thc
Party, decked out in
Roman Catholic
storm troopers' uniChurch. On cvcry
forms and \vearing red
hand The Depu.ty is
armbands on which
stirring consciences
were embroidered
and opposition.
white swastikas.
At its original Wcst
Among those in the
Berlin premicre both
forefront in criticizing
the author and prothe play is none other
ducer received a
than
the present pope,
In the play a young priesl pleads
stormy ovation at the
Paul
VI. Just before
futilely with Ihe pope 10 intervene
conclusion of the play.
he
became
pope he
on behalf of the Jews
MAY 8, 1964
10
Vienna. He has written at length in defense of The Deputy and, among other
things, he states:
"Pius XII treated me personally, with the
greatest friendliness. kindness and cordial.
ity .... but I have to confess that all Catholics, from the highest to the lowestpriests, chaplains, laymen (antiSemitic to
this dayl-are co-responsible for the mass
murder of the Jews. Not only the thousands
of baptized, confirmed and religiously wed.
ded Christians who took a direct part in the
mass murders. . . . Not only the bishops
who, as in Poland and Hungary, drew up
antiSemitic pastoral letters and permittd
their publication .. _ We have present[ea]
to us the frightful failure of Rome from
1933 to 1945."
Among the ablest and most telling defenses of the thesis of this play by a Ro
man Catholic authority is that by Gordor
Zahn, professor of sociology at the Romar
Catholic University of Loyola, Chicago, n
linois. He tlid much research in German)
for his book, German Catholics and Hit
ler's Wars, and therefore might be said tc
be peculiarly fitted to judge The Deputy.
Writing in the Roman Catholic art jour.
nal, The Oritic, October-November, 1963.
he stated, among other things;
"The official spokesmen for German Ca
tholicism have concentrated on attacking the
AWAKB/
1~4
11
12
A WAKE!
13
point. Riccardo exclaims: "In Poland one cardinal to reply for him: "Criminal folly!
million eight hundred thousand Jews have Get out!" But Riccardo repljes: "Folly?
been slaughtered! . . . God cannot wish No, Your Holiness. The King of Denmark,
Your Holiness to ignore it!" To which Pius a defenseless man, threatened Hitler that
indignantly replies: "'Ignore!' We do not he would wear this star, along with every
intend to account for our actions to Ric- member of his house, if the Jews in Denmark were forced to wear it. They were
cardo Fontana .... "
not forced. When will the Vatican at last
During this heated discussion an abbot act so that we priests can once again own
enters from whom Pius learns the source without shame that we are servants of that
of the rumor that he would protest. "Herr Church which holds brotherly love as its
von Kessel at the German Embassy called first commandment!" With that he leaves
on me secretly at dawn and asked that His to join the Jews being shipped to AuschExcellency, the Bishop [Hudal], threaten witz.
the German commanIn the closing modant with a forthcoming
ments of this Act Four,
protest from Your HoliPius XII is heard deness." Pius is relieved to
claiming: "As the flowfind that it was a Gerers in the countryside
,man official and not one
wait beneath winter's
of his bishops that sugmantle of snow for the
gested or originated the
warm breezes of spring,
rumor.
so the Jews must wait,
Pius then dictates a
praying and trusting
proclamation, ostensithat the hour of heavbly protesting against
enly comfort will come."
the deportation of the
Jews but dealing only in
Act Five, "Auschwitz"
generalities. This causes
Scene One of Act
Riccardo to say to him:
Five consists of solilo"Your Holiness, what
quies by several Jews
you have set your name
en route to Auschwitz
on their fate and their
to grants Hitler unrestricted license to go on
doubting God because
treating the Jews as he
of it. Scene Two shows
has always done."
Jews arriving in AuschIn righteous indignawitz with Catholic
tion Riccardo had
priest Riccardo among
them. In this scene he
pinned upon himself the
yellow Star of David, Hitler leaving Catholic Cathedral in has a lengthy discussion
shocking the pope. But Munich, as published in "The Catholic with an atheistic, oneRiccardo tells him: "I
time Catholic priest.
Herald" of England, May 5,1939
shall wear this star unthe camp doctor, who
til Your Holiness proclaims, before the determines the fate of the Jews comworld a curse upon the man who slaughters ing to Auschwitz, whether at once to
EW'ope's Jews like cattle!" The pope is the gas chambers or first a period of
made speechless by this outburst, causing a slavery, and who boasts because God
14
AWAKEI
15
16
Then, though they were forced underground and some ten thousand were put
in concentration camps and prisons, they
continued faithful to Jehovah. Time and
again they organized "blitzes," as when on
Saturday, December 12, 1936, between five
and seven p.m., in all big cities in Germany
they scattered copies of a Resolution passed
in September in Lucerne; and on June 20,
1937, there was a large distribution by
thousands of Witnesses throughout Germany of a protesting "Open Letter."
From 1933 onward in particular their
international magazine, The Golden Age)
kept exposing the Nazi terror, year after
year. Thus in its October 9, 1935, issue,
reporting on "One Year of Nazi Terror,"
it gave the numbers murdered, imprisoned
and sent to concentration camps. The following year it had such articles as "All
Germany Worships a Murderer," and "Nazi Robbery of the Jews." In 1937 it featured, among other things, an article headed. "German Jews Law-abiding." In 1938
it told of discrimination against Jews
throughout Germany, of intolerance, and
the persecution of the Jews. In 1939 articles told of "Fiendishness at Sachsenhausen," where Jews were being clubbed to
death, and of the pogrom of November 10,
1938. Among other articles to appear in
subsequent years were "Abuse of Jews,"
"End of Jews in Germany," "Terrible
Plight of Hungarian Jews." More than
that, so long as Jehovah's witnesses in
Germany were able to do so they went
out of their way to befriend the Jews, ignoring the ordered boycotts and sharing
their food with them.
Why Did Pius XII Remain Silent?
As Catholic historian Heer observes,
"When he wished, as in connection with
the two bombardments of Rome, Pius
XII could act astonishingly fast." He also
spoke out strongly condemning Russia's atAWAKE!
MAY 8, 1964
17
common tie, more than anything else, accounted for the extreme reluctance of Pius
XII to criticize Hitler and his Nazis regardless of what they might do, even to
imprisoning Catholic priests in Germany
because they dared to pray for the Jews.
C01l8ciences Stirred
While the foregoing highlights the guilt
of one man, it would be a mistake to overlook the responsibility of the rest of Christendom. As Albert Schweitzer stated in a
letter to the author of The Deputy: "Our
failure made all of us participants in the
guilt of those days. After all, the failure
was not that of the Catholic Church alone,
but that of the Protestant Church as well.
The Catholic Church bears the great guilt,
for it was an organized, supra-national
power in a position to do something, whereas the Protestant Church was an unorganized, impotent, national power. But it,
too, became guilty, by simply accepting the
terrible, inhuman fact of the persecution
of the Jews . . . . The failure was that of
philosophy, of free thought, as well."
Speaking for Protestantism, Niem6ller
as far back as 1947 stated in the book Of
Guilt and Hope: "I think we Christians belonging to the Confessional Church have
all the reasons for saying: 'My fault, my
grievous fault.' ... We preferred to keep
quiet. We most certainly are not without
guilt."
And speaking for Roman Catholics, Joseph Featherstone states: "Above ali, one
would expect humility from the German
N A forceful way, The Deputy is making zation professing to belong to Jesus Christ,
people painfully aware of the monstrous the Prince of Peace, would want to enter
nature of the crimes perpetrated by the into a pact of mutual cooperation with
Nazi regime. And as they view these it such a regime.
becomes difficult for them to understand
Yet that is exactly what took place on
how anyone, especially a religious organi- July 20, 1933, when Cardinal Pacelli, who
18
AWAKEI
later became Pope Pius XII, acting on be- teaching of the Catholic religion in the elehalf of Pius XI, the head of the Roman mentary, vocational, secondary and supeCatholic Church, and Von Papen, acting rior schools shall be a regular subject and
on behalf of Hitler and the German Reich, shall be given in conformity with the prinsigned a concordat or solemn covenant for ciples of the Catholic Church." (Articles
mutual cooperation. It was ratified by 19, 21) The Catholic Church was also
their superiors and became effective Sep- granted the right to establish and continue
to operate parochial schools, and for its
tember 10 of the same year.
The Nazi-Vatican concordat was pat- religious orders to found and direct private
schools. (Arterned closely
ticles 23, 25)
after the one
And finally,
made with
"in public
Mussolini
hospitals,
(1929), and
prisons
and
gave the Roother
similar
man Catholic
institutions,
Church in
the
Church
Germany
shall be admany distinct
mitted."-Aradvantages.
ticle 28.
For one
Many were
thing, it guar- Cardinal Pacelli {center), then Secretary of State for the
an teed her Vatican, and German Vice-Chancellor Franz von Papen (left) the advantages that the
"the freedom
sign Concordat in 1933
Catholic
of the profession and public exercise of the Catholic Church gained by this Concordat; in fact,
Religion."* (Article 1) It guaranteed the two-thirds of its thirty-four articles were
Catholic Church freedom of communica- favorable to it or presented no restrictions.
tion between the Vatican and its bishops, On the basis of these alone, the Vatican
clergy and lay members in Germany and and the Catholic Church in Germany could
between bishops and other diocesan offi- well compliment themselves on what they
cials and their flocks. (Article 4) It also had gained.
guaranteed all Catholic ecclesiastics the
But what about the remaining Articles?
When
we examine these, what do we find?
same protection in the exercise of their
That
with
the pope's approval the Nazi
duties that is given the employees of the
regime
gained
no few vital advantages for
State (Article 5), and forbade the wearing
itself.
To
begin
with, there is Article 11,
of Catholic religious garb by any unauwhich
provided
that
"the present diocesan
thorized persons. (Article 10) It granted
legal recognition to various Catholic or- organization . . . of the Catholic Church
ganizations and secured the property rights in Germany shall be presel'ved." However,
of the Church. (Articles 13, 17) It fur, the erection of new dioceses or new ecclether gave assurance that "the Faculties of siastical provinces had to be approved by
Catholic Theology in the Universities of either the State or the Reich, depending
the State shall be preserved," and that "the upon how much territory they involved.
Article 14 granted the Nazis the right
All quotat1ons are from Documents on InternallOnal
to
interfere even far more seriously in
AtJalfB, 1983, edited by John W. Wheeler-Bennett.
MAY 8, 1964
19
20
The Concordat in Article 27 further assured Hitler's Nazi regime of the Nazification of the practice of the Catholic religion in the armed force, for it read, in
part: "The direction of the spiritual assistance to the Army belongs to the Military
Bishop. His ecclesiastical nomination shall
be made by the Holy See after the latter
has been in communication with the Government of the Reich in order to name
a suitable person. The ecclesiastical nominations of the military chaplains. , . shall
be made by the Military Bishop, after having consulted the competent authority of
the Reich."
Not content with the Nazification of the
clerical and teaching personnel of the Catholic Church, this Concordat, in Article 30,
provided fot the inculcation of Nazism in
the German people every time they went
to church to hear a sermon preached:
"On Sundays and Holy Days, in the
cathedrals as well as in the parish churches, missions and monasteries of the German Reich, there shall be recited at the
conclusion of the principal religious service, in conformity with the prescriptions
of sacred liturgy, a prayer for the prosperity of the Reich and the German people."
Article 31 made government protection
of Catholic organizations, regardless of
their nature, professional, social, or what
not, dependent upon their 'giving "assurance of developing their activity outside
any political party." And the following Article 32 obligated the Holy See to "enact
dispositions excluding ecclesiastics and religious [monks and nuns] from membership in political parties and from activity
in this respect."
What this Article meant was that the
pope was to order all in the employ of his
Church in Germany to stay out of politics.
This marked the death of the Catholic
AWAKE!
Center Party of Germany, in which the it is easy to understand how the Vatican
Catholic clergy played a prominent part would be willing to entrust so much power
for many years and which was responsible into the hands of the secular Nazi state.
for putting Hitler into power, his Nazi
No doubt the terms of this concordat
party not having enough votes in the
help explain why so few German bishops
Reichstag to elect him chancellor and the
and
priests protested against the slaughter
truly Democratic party refusing to vote for
of
millions
of Jews and other violent perhim.
secutions.
And
the same reasons of policy
A concordat such as the foregoing might
be said to be a marriage of convenience. that dictated keeping this concordat in
Each side looks out for its own interests force in spite of the Nazis' frequent violaand tries to get as much as it can while tions of its terms also caused the Roman
giving as little as it must. From the vari~ Catholic Church to keep Hitler, a bap~
ous Articles it appears that the Catholic tized Catholic, in good standing, in spite of
Church was willing to sacrifice much of the monstrous nature of the Nazis' crimes
its freedom for the sake of material ad~ against humanity and in spite of Roman
vantage. On the one hand, the Church was Catholic groups' urging his excommunicato keep entirely out of opposition politics. tion, as did a group assembled in Chicago,
On the other hand, the State had the right Illinois, in 1939.-Catholic Telegraphto exercise a veto power in ever so many Register) September 1, 1939.
spheres of Church activity and required
No question about it, in making a conthe Church to inculcate Nazism.
cordat with Hitler and continuing to honor
There doubtless was another reason why it in spite of Hitler's crimes, the Roman
the Vatican or the Holy See was willing Catholic Church made herself the adulto surrender so much of its organizational terous friend of the world of the ungodly
freedom. And what was that? Its fond but the enemy of God. (Jas. 4:4) To her
hope, as noted in the previous article, of the words of reproof apply: "Whenever
the reestablishment of the Holy Roman you saw a thief, you were even pleased with
Empire of the German Nation. Since Hitler him; and your sharing was with adulterpublicly stated that he had the same goal, ers."-Ps. 50:18.
Writing in his book A Living Bill of Rights, Justice William O. Douglas of the
United Statcs Supreme Court says concerning a multitude of loyalty oaths, test
oaths for all kinds of employment: "It is doubtful whether these oaths ever cat~h
real subversives. Certainly a dedicated agent of a hostile foreign power would
not hesitate to swear falsely, if it would serve his purpose. History shows that a
person bent on mischief docs not hesitate to take any loyalty oath but is willing
to run the risk of prosecution fOl" perjury. It is the dedicated person with 'scruples'
who objects. Benjamin Franklin observed years ago that loyalty oaths were 'the
last resort of liars.'''
MAY 8, 1964
21
NE of the most vital rights of the citizen in a free state is the right to have
his own body inviolate. But even this
basic personal liberty has now been
invaded as a result of a highly emotional judgment rendered by
Judge Skelly Wright of the
United States Court of Appeals
at Washington, D.C. Readers of
Awake! have read (in the issue
of January 22, 1964) of the case
of Mrs. Jessie Jones of Washington, a twenty-five-year-old married
woman who was sick in the Georgetown University hospital. She disspoken in their disagreed with the medical recommendaagreement. Judge
tion of a blood transfusion, as she had
Miller pointed out
a right to do in a free nation. But
that no single judge
Judge Skelly Wright took the arbiof the Court of Ap
trary and unprecedented course of
peals had power to
denying her right of decision and
act
alone, as Judge
By a lawyer who
making an order forcing the sick
Wright
had done.
champions civil rights
woman to submit to the dangerous
Not only did he
and unscriptural practice of consuming hu think it was wrong, but he added: "The
purported orders of September 17 should
man blood.
After this hasty and illadvised judg be expunged so there would be nothing in
ment a petition was made to the nine our records which could be cited as a precjudges of the Court of Appeals, asking edent for future similar action by a single
them to grant a rehearing of the summary apPellate judge." He also criticized Judge
order of their colleague, Judge Wright. On Wright for invading the area of private deFebruary 3, 1964, the Court of Appeals by cision: "It is not correct to suppose that,
a majority judgment, with four of the where there is a serious emergency in life,
nine judges dissenting, dismissed the peti~ a judge of a district or a circuit court may
tion for rehearing. The majority put it on act to meet it, regardless of whether he is
the ground that Mrs. Jones' recovery made empowered by law to do so. This situation
the continuation of the legal dispute of no shows the truth of the adage that hard
practical consequence, a situation described cases make bad law." Judges Bastian and
in law by the expression 'mootness.' Judge Burger joined in this dissenting opinion.
Wright adhered to his original order. Not
one other judge voiced agreement. Ten "The Right to Be Let Alone"
In a separate dissenting opinion Judge
judges had considered the case (nine in the
Court of Appeals and Judge Tamm in the Burger showed that the courts have a
District Court). No one but Skelly Wright proper function in the area that is allotted
held individual liberty so lightly as to jus- to them, but this does not justify their
tify bis arbitrary action.
starting to manage people's private affairs.
The dissenting judges were most out- He cited a judgment of the Supreme Court
1,-
22
AWAK.E/
AWAKE!
1963
are many such in Willems tad, the capital of
26
MAY 8, 1964
27
JL
28
AWAKEI
MAY 8, 1964
*'
29
+A
MIsuse of Blood
The Toronto Daily Star
stated that an effective human
serum against lockjaw has
been developed by doctors in
canada. Surgeon L. J. Maho.
ney reportedly stated that
"millions of doses of horse
serum are given every year."
30
+ The first
+ The
at the
thought of driving over the
famous St. Bernard Pass that
divides Switzerland from
Italy. This route that was laid
down by the Romans in 141
B.C. is now being bypassed.
A two-lane, 3.6.milelong tun.
nel cuts through the moun
tains now, eliminating much
of the hazardous driving.
What was once an hour auto
trip is now a ten-minute drive.
Eight months out of the year
the pass is blocked by snow.
Motorists were forced to take
the alternate route, which was
some 100 miles longer. Now
all of that is in the past. There
have been many raHway tun
nels cut in the Alps, but March
19 saw the tIrst highway tun
A W AK EJ
De GauDe to Mexico
*'
-----3>{;
Would you like to speak with clarity
and assurance on vital Bible subjects?
Look at the list of topics to the right.
Have you ever discussed any of these
matters with friends or relatives? Next
time, why not offer them an attractive
and informative tract? It will emphasize
and strengthen your own words and provide material for further discussion.
Send now for an assortment.
Mark the trads you want and ill} In the bottom
portion of this coupon. Do it today and mali the
coupon to
WATCH TOWER
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
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o
o
o
o
Trae' Title.
I. What Da Jehovah'. Wllneuel Believ.?
2. H.Il.Flre-Bible Truth or Pagan Score?
3. J.hovah'. Wltn....., Communisf.
or Christian.?
4. "Awake from Sleepl"
S. Hope for the Dead
6. The Trinity-Divine Mystery or
Pagan Myth?
7. How Valuable I. the Bible?
8. Life in a New World
9. The Sign a' Chri.,'s Pres.nc.
10. Man's Only Hope for Peace
11. Which I. the Right R.ligion?
12. Do Yau Believe in Evolution or th. Blbl.?
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Plea~e
Name.
p~,
Town .......... .
MAY 8, 1964
I am enclosing ........... _
31
WATCH TOWER
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32
Portu/o/ Suppresses
Freedoln of Worship
PAGE
In every Issue "Awake!" presents vital topics on which you should be informed. It
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the problems of everyday life. Current news from every continent passes in quick review.
Attention is focused on activities in the flelds of government and commerce about which
you should know. Straightforward discussions of religious issues alert you to molters of
vital concern. Customs and people in many lands, the marvels of creation, practical
sciences ond points of human interest are all embraced in its coverage. "Awake I" provides wholesome, instructive reading for every member of fhe family.
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Get acquainted with "Awake!" Keep awake by reoding "Awakel"
".-,"---"
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no Blbl. l,an,la11011 '1IIllarly "SIll In ".I,,,"o!"" I. t Nt.. W..14 Tn.,lltion 01 III Hol~ IorIJl'I'8I. 1!IQ ..!tto..
Wh other tran,I.llo., ........ 111110 I, oI.arI~ Mlrtod.
,"--"'-'"--,,-,"-,"-",--,"-,,-,"--
CONTENTS
Are You Wholesouled
In Work and WorshIp?
23
24
17
27
20
29
Number 10
T WAS an early
souled manner. Give
summer day in an
it your undivided ateastern United States
tention; put your
heart into it. That is
city. Tents were being erected for a conthe advice that the
Christian apostle
vention of Christian
ministers soon to be
Paul gave to Christian slaves in his day:
held. The men doing
"Whatever you are
the actual labor were
themselves Christian ministers who had doing, work at it whole-souled as to Jehoarrived early to help to get things ready vah, and not to men." -Col. 3: 23.
for their convention, and they went at
The apostle here used the Greek word
their work energetically, whole-souled. The psyche} from which comes the word "psytent company representative that was di- chology," and which Greek root means
recting the work was in no small way im- "soul"; also the preposition "ek," meaning
pressed by their spirit of cooperation. He "out of" or "from." He was urging those
observed, with a sense of humor: "You can slaves to work with their whole being or
tell these men are working for nothing. soul. To work at something whole-souled
Men who work for money don't work that means doing all you can, doing it as well
hard."
as you can and doing it from (ek) the
right
motive, as a matter of conscience,
He was right, but not altogether. Those
seeking
to please God and not men.
men were working for nothing, but only
as far as money was concerned. What
Why be whole-souled in your work? For
caused them to work the way they did? one reason, you cannot do anything when
Their love for Jehovah God and for their you are dead: "All that your hand finds
fellowmen, especially for their fellow to do, do with your very power, for there
Christians. They were devoted, dedicated is no work nor devising nor knowledge nor
men. Apparently working at a thing whole- wisdom in Sheol [the common grave of
souled is the exception rather than the rule mankindJ, the place to which you are goor it would not elicit such a comment as ing." Yes, appreciation of life itself should
the foregoing. But should this be so?
make you want to be whole-souled in your
Do you have work to do, honest work work.-Eccl. 9: 10.
that accomplishes some useful purpose in
Further, you owe it to your employer
addition to providing yourself with a live- to be whole-souled in your work. Rememlihood? If so, then go at it in a whole- ber, the apostle was first addressing slaves
Roman Catholic theologian, who is professor of canon law at the Catholic University in 'Yashington, D.C.
He was discussing the proposed liturgy
reform, which, according to those who
have to do with it, 'may take from five to
eight years to be put into effect. According
to him these liturgy changes will mark
"the real beginning of reform within the
Church," for the liturgy "affects the single
occasion when Catholics come together
every week, the Sunday morning mass. It
confronts what has been called the 'Sunday morning crisis.' " And why is the Sunday morning mass the 'Sunday morning
crisis'? To quote him, because of "the congregations that are unmoved or indifferent," and the "rites. that are routine or
unintelIigible."-New York Times~ February 17, 1964.
What about your worship and that of
your church? Is it whole-SOuled or do its
religious leaders also complain about the
indifference of their flocks? If you are to
please God, it is important to be associated
with those who give God the kind of worship that pleases him.
Yet, even if you are already associated
with those who are known for their wholesouled worship, be sure that it is not only
the organization but also you who are
whole-souled. For example, when you assemble with the rest of the congregation
for Bible study, and comments are invited,
give consideration to the others present,
freely volunteering to express yourself on
the material being considered, rather than
sitting back and waiting for someone else
to do it. (Heb. 10:24, 25) When it comes
to preaching publicly the truths of the Bible, too, be one who is whole-souled, rather
than one who simply does enough to say
he had a part.
Yes, whatever you are doing, do it
whole-souled as to Jehovah.
AWAKEI
J:>
:L.E:
:J? E: ~ <J:E:
NYONE who Man faces the greatest urgency of his covering the sehas become existence. What can be done about it? crets of how to
informed on the
manufacture nuawful power of nuclear weapons will read- clear weapons, the need for a durable
ily agree that the need for a durable peace peace becomes evcr more urgent. The
is greater today than at any time in hu- spread of nuclear weapons to more and
man history. In times past conventional more countries creates the ever greater
weapons never threatened the existence of possibility of nuclear war. Despite disthe entire human race as nuclear weapons armament conferences, the path the nado today. Mankind was able to survive the tions appear to be following heads in that
wars of the past, despite the heavy toll direction.
they took in human lives, but if an all-out
nuclear war were to be fought, there are Peace Record
sound reasons for questioning whether
Disconcerting is the peace record man
man could survive.
has made. If this record is used as a basis
Shocking estimates have been made of for, guessing what the nations will do in
the carnage that would be caused by the the future, it appears that there is little
first phase of a nuclear war. Experts in hope of their avoiding a clash with nuEngland estimated that approximately 200 clear weapons.
million people would perish and that one
In the New York Times of April 14.
billion others would die from the effects 1963, it was pointed out that "in all the
of radiation, The Soviet strategist Major centuries of recorded history the world has
General Nicolai A. Talensky observed: "A known only 292 years of peace. Such were
nuclear-rocket war, even without the use the findings of a Norwegian scientist who
of chemical and biological weap,ons, will applied an electronic computer to the study
lead to the destruction of whole countries of conflicts throughout history." It was
and peoples. Immense expanses will be con- estimated that during this time there were
taminated with a lethal dose of radiation, 14,531 !wars. The article points out that
... The mortal danger from radioactive these figures were reported in 1960. From
fall-out threatens not only the peoples of that date until the spring of 1963 there
the belligerent cOWltries but the whole were 22 wars, bringing the total to 14,553.
Since then still more wars have broken out.
population of our planet."
With the continued development and
From the ending of World War II to
stockpiling of even more destructive weap- date there has not been one year of peace.
ons than those now possessed by the East Somewhere in the world, fighting has been
and the West, and with other nations dis- going on. Regarding this the New York
AWAKE!
[ ~11:p~s~.:;det~a;e~~:'
.
37:11.
where a small group of Jehovah's witnesses and their friends Were peacefully
studying the Bible. The home was thoroughly searched, and Bibles and Bible
literature were confiscated. All present
were put under arrest and herded off
to the local police station. There these
Christians, including a yearold baby, were
held until four
o'clock the next
REEDOM
morning, at
of worwhich
time the police
ship is one of the fundamental
finally
decided to let
liberties granted by all enthe
children
go home.
lightened nations. But when it
The
rest
were
kept
is taken for granted, it is easily
until
five
o'clock
in
lost. Suppression of freedom
the
afternoon,
when
at first usually affects only
they were formally
"unpopular minorities," but
charged with holding
soon large sections of the popillegal meetings and
ulation find that their liberty
released to await trial.
is gone.
At the trial it was clearly shown that
Recognizing this danger, freedom-loving
people in all nations have sought to pro- Jehovah's witnesses are in no way contect their freedom by law, and those who nected with any political movement to
have been the victims of religious persecu- undermine the Portuguese government,
tion have been willing to face deprivation, and that throughout the free world they
prison bonds and even death in order to are recognized as a legitimate Christian
preserve their God-given right to worship. organization. It was made plain that at the
As a result of this continuous struggle, time their privacy was invaded by the pofreedom of worship is enjoyed throughout
a large part of the world today. But there lice they were merely holding a Bible study
class, as Jehovah's witnesses do openly in
are exceptions.
all
COW1tries where there is freedom of
One such is Portugal and its overseas
The evidence presented to this efworship.
provinces. During recent months the Portuguese police have hounded private citi- fect was irrefutable.
However, nearly a month after listening
zens, invaded their homes, ransacked perto
the case, the judge declared that the
sonal belongings and arrested persons who
simply possessed or were caught reading ten Witnesses involved were guilty. He
sent Mr. and Mrs. Antonio dos Santos
or discussing the Bible.
Beirao, parents of a one-year-old baby and
a thirteen-year-old daughter, to prison, and
Homes Invaded, Bibles Seized
On the evening of August 21, 1963, five gave the other eight Witnesses suspended
policemen with guns in hand broke into sentences with a probation of two years.
a private home in the town of Aveiro, In an effort to scare them into forsaking
AWAKEI
10
12
Christian Conscience
At the same time it was shown that true
Christians crumot refrain from obeying
the Scriptural command to speak Bible
truth to others, regardless of the effect
that that message may have on hearers.
"I charge thee before God and Jesus
Christ," the Catholic Douay Bible reads at
2 Timothy 4:1, 2: "Preach the word."
Therefore, a nation that claims to be Christian cannot properly prohibit the preaching of the Word of God. Neither can it
properly suppress the freedom of its citizens to worship God in accord with the
teachings of that inspired Word.
From the days when the Prince of
Peace Jesus Christ walked the earth,
there have been numerous Christians who
have refused to bear arms against their
fellowman. To carryon carnal warfare
against peoples of other races and nation
alities, among whom lived some of their
AWAKE!
13
14
Persecution Increases
During 1963 persecution progressively
worsened. On October 14, in Luanda, Angola, Portuguese citizens Manuel da Silva
and Manuel Acacio dos Santos were arrested and imprisoned. The following
month, on November 26, they were joined
in prison by Manuel Goncalves Vieira. But
why were these men arrested and put in
prison? What was the charge against
them? There was none. No official written
notice as to their offense was issued. The
entire proceedings were illegal and the authorities in Angola are endeavoring to
keep them quiet.
When Mr. Vieira was summoned to appear at the headquarters of the International Police and Defense of the State last
November 26, he reports being informed
by the chief of the brigade, Mr. Varat6jo:
"There is the chance that you will be put
out of this province because there is a
dispatch from the Governor General, Lieutenant Colonel Silvio Silverio Marques,
dated the twenty-second of October, that
bans the sect of JehOVah's witnesses in
Angola." When he told Varatojo that he
had never heard of such a notice, Vieira
said that VaratOjo "took a mimeographed
paper from his desk and read to me a few
lines saying that Jehovah's witnesses were
banned from Angola."
Varat6jo then told Vieira he would have
to sign a declaration promising to renounce
all activities in connection with Jehovah's
wItnesses, or otherwise go to prison. When
Vieira refused to be intimidated into reMAY if, 1964
15
16
AWA.KE!
market in greater
numbers than ever before in the nation's
history.
This is especially
significant since the
unemployment rate is
highest among those
under twenty years of age,
the unskilled, the uneducated and the nonwhite.
Recent detailed studies indicated that there are approximately 338,000 available males between the ages of 14 and 24 in the United
States who are just not participating in
the labor force for want of work.
Compared with Other Nations
In some other places the employment
picture is more optimistic. For example,
in Great Britain the rate of unemployment
is only 2.4 percent, 1.9 perccnt in France,
1.1 percent in Japan, 4.3 percent in Italy
and 1 percent in West Germany. These are
1960 adjusted figures, compiled when the
United States rate was 5.6 percent.
Great Britain, France and these other
nations are also confronted with problems
of automation, education. training and
physical limitations of the unemployed.
Still they seem to have the situation more
firmly in hand. In France, for example,
200,000 refugees from Algeria have been
absorbed into the labor force. In Great
Britain a drop in manufacturing jobs has
been more than made up by a rise in other
work. Western Europe has faced the population's drift from the farm to the city.
It has also had a relative decline in manufacturing jobs and a growth of white-
17
18
f:!~,
1964
19
CHANGIN
"THE
Republic of Panama occupies the would lead. I would try, bearing in mind
entire isthmus of that name connect~ that I was the foreigner in this instance.
jng Central and South America, lying beSo it was a memorable event, that Janutween the Caribbean Sea on the north and ary day eighteen years ago, when I was
the Pacific Ocean on the south. It is one of met at the airport by missionaries who had
the six Central or Middle American States. preceded me, together with a citizen of
. . . under Spanish rule (from 1538) be- Panama who spoke English as fluently as
came independent (Nov. 28, 1821), joined I did. Malvelous! Maybe it was not going
to be as difficult as I had imthe Great Colombian Confederaagined. In arranging my papers
tion from which it seceded (Nov.
By "Awake!"
for my cedula it was so agreeable
3, 1903) and became an indepencorrespolldellt
to
learn that the government ofdent Republic. . . . Panama is
in Panama
ficials and professional personnel
roughly the size of South Caroalso knew my native tongue.
lina. At the narrowest and lowest
point, the canal bisects the country." So
Strangely, jt seemed that almost everystated The World Almanac.
one in the assignment where I had been
Hurriedly I was gleaning a few facts asked to serve, the second-largest city of
about the country of my assignment as a the Republic, knew the English language
missionary. The source of information con~ too. Although at times I was convinced
tinued: "Spanish is the official language that it was only because of the way that
and its use is compulsory." That jerked me I unintentionally murdered theirs that they
to my senses with a sudden start. Yes, I courteously condescended to converse in
had studied basic Spanish and loved it for mine------nevertheless, they spoke it. I had
its beauty and rhythm; but English was to wonder why it was that English was so
my native tongue and any other language generally known and spoken here, for of
would be difficult, at least for a time, since a truth one could live, shop, buy, sell ana
I had been reared in a section where only carryon quite normally without having
English is spoken. Meditating on the pos- to use Spanish. A little research revealed
sibilities, I began considering the assets some interesting facts.
with which man was endowed by an allwise and loving Creator, and realized that Invasion of the English Language
speech itself was one of His gifts. A tongue,
One of the greatest invasions of the Ena throat and marvelously constructed \-'0- glish language carne with the influx of
cal cords! Surely if I but tried I could make people whose speech it was. And an undermyself understandable, and at the same lying reason for its prevalence in this comtime be enriched by a new life and a new paratively new nation was inseparably
home to which knowing another language related to the acquisition of rights to con-
20
220564
AWAKE!
21
the thought-conveying medium of the engineer to his employee on the' "big ditch"
project. It had been a contributing factor
to many an old-timer's staying on the payroll. But this third generation was receiving more and more of its education in now
well-organized Panamanian schools, where
Spanish was the language. Language lethargy must yield to a live interest in and
knowledge of the tongue of the country.
Another thing-the citizenship of this
generation, long overdue for settlement,
was inevitably interlaced with the language
change. Many were adopting the citizenship of their ancestors. Others attending
Panamanian schools felt thoroughly Panamanian, taking that citizenship very seriously. For all those declaring Panamanian citizenship the learning of Spanish was
a must. In 1954 the plan was conceived
of transforming the erstwhile local-rate
schools into Latin-American schools, with
all classes to be taught in Spanish, thus
accentuating an educational orientation to
the country of Panama.
As reported in the newspaper Star and
Herald, Panama, R.P., of March 19, 1954,
the then Canal Zone governor, John S.
Seybold, in an address to Panama Rotary
Club on 'problems that directly or indirectly concern Panama,' said, in part: "We
must orient this student (of the local-rate
schools) to his future ... The product of
our present school system is ill-fitted to
find employment equal to his norm of possible attainments .... To remedy this the
group should receive in our schools the
curriculum and training of the schools of
the Republic with secondary emphasis on
the teaching of the English language ....
These Latin-American schools, as they will
be redesignated, will be replaced ... on a
completely Spanish-language basis ... The
study of the English language will of
course be continued throughout ... Span22
from this West-Indies-born parentage, as tional, logical, simple-and the now nearly
well as other English-speaking individuals, universal tongue," it has yielded in the
have taken up residence in other countries. homes, in the schools, and on the streets
So the scene changes. The English lan- of Panama to what has been dubbed the
guage is dying out here, even if it is con- most elegant of the romance languages,
ceded the rank of being the major com- Spanish-a lovely and cherished heritage
mercial, scientific and diplomatic language from the conquistadores espaiwles (Spanof the earth. Yes, even if it has been de- ish conquerors) who colonized this land,
scribed as "frustrating, wonderful, irra- and whose language it was.
23
tAePIT~
~~
AJ
Thinking Habits
By continually giving in to the desire to
do things that do not require mental ex
ertion, you can form the bad habit of
avoiding mental labor. Once it is formed
24
:"D'~
II'
~
t;;7f1/7
t...!::::JCr1Jc::.!!3
z.r-
/ 7/I.~~717
tJl./ijt..
'4
'L!::J
I2/'}/i7; ;~ nc:;;:Jr;::;?
UzJUi.Jj
tV U
C3:!-)
By avoiding reading matter that requires thought, a person establishes a habit that prevents him from becoming a productive and creative thinker. The habit
reveals mental laziness. It keeps him in a
state of mental inertia or stagnation.
Self-Examination
It would be worth while for you to take
stock of yourself and see whether you have
been caught in the pitfall of mental laziness. If you find that you have, you should
make a strenuous effort to get out of it
and to increase your worth in the eyes of
your employer and others. as well as improve your prospects for the future. There
are a number of things on which you can
examine yourself.
When you select a magazine to read, do
you choose it on the basis of its entertainment value? Of course, if you are desiring
entertainment, that is what you will look
for. But do you manifest mental laziness
by never looking for anything else? Do
you avoid reading an article that has page
after page of solid type even when you
have the time to read it and the material
is something you should know? In most
instances does the length of an article govern whether you will read it or not? Is it
too much mental effort for you to read
the Bible or a book about the truths of the
Bible that may run to several hundred
pages?
When evening comes and you have time
to do some studying or thought-provoking
reading, do you do it? Or do you give in
to mental laziness and spend the entire
evening watching television or seeking
some other entertainment that puts no
burden on your thinking ability?
Do you permit other people to do your
thinking for you? If your thinking is nothing more than the thinking of the groups
with which you associate, it is not your
own. It requires far less mental effort to
MAY 22. 1964
26
AWAKE!
Trinity? It does not. Nothing in the Sacred Scriptures says the three angels jointly composed the God who told Moses: "No
man may see me and yet live." (Ex. 33:20)
Thus, a book on Catholic doctrine truthfully says: "The dogma was not revealed,
at least explicitly, in the Old Testament."
'But did not Christ explain it when he
cameT you may ask. No, he did not. The
"clear revelation" of this doctrine, that religious books say can be found in the part
HE doctrine of the Trinity-taught in of the Bible written after Christ's coming,
almost all of Christendom's churches, simply does not exist.
Catholic and Protestant alike-has been
For example, the textbook Abrege de la
called "the central doctrine of the Chris- Doctrine Chretienne (Abridgment of Christian religion." This doctrine teaches that tian Doctrine), used in French religious
"the Father is God, the Son is God, ~nd the schools, cites the following as the "three
Holy Spirit is God, and yet there are not principal" Bible texts that give "a clear
three Gods, but one God."
revelation of the dogma."t It says:
If this doctrine is true, naturally we
"1. At Chrwt's baptism, it is recounted,
want to accept it, but the careful reader of in Saint Matthew (III, 16, 17), that Our
the Holy Scriptures finds many passages Lord 'saw the Spirit of God descend on him
that raise serious doubts.
in the form of a dove'; and, at the same
Actually, the evidence in support of the moment, a voice was heard from the height
Trinity doctrine is not nearly so clear as of the heavens, that said: 'This is my bemany people think, for this doctrine is nei- loved son': the Father who speaks, the Son
ther taught, explained, nor even mentioned who is baptized, the Holy Spirit that dein the Sacred Scriptures.
scends on him in the form of a dove, these
Amazing as that may sound to YOll, it are the three persons of the Holy Trinity."
is true. Theologians, searching in vain for
Do you see anything there that says the
some evidence of the Trinity in the threethree
compose one God? This Bible text
quarters of the Bible written before Jesus'
birth, were so hard put that they seized says nothing about their composing a
"Trinity." It does not say, as does this reupon anything that involved "three."
ligious
textbook, on page 30, that "the
Three angels came to see Abraham, and
three
persons
are inseparable: where one
they, according to a French Catholic theological encyclopedia, "are generally regard- is, there the two others are." Instead, it
ed as a revelation of the divine triad." The says just the opposite. It says Jesus was
churches of Moscow, it says, "provide a on earth, his Father was in heaven, and
great number of ancient and modern paint- that the holy spirit (not a person, but
ings, where three young angels exactly God's active force) descended upon Jesus
alike are seated at a round table under like a dove. Indeed, this text is not a very
Abraham's tent."
conclusive proof of the Trinity doctrine!
Do you find it hard to see how the visit
Abr~rJ~ de la Doctrine Chr(/ienne by the Abbot A.
of three angels to Abraham proves the Boulanger.
honorary canon of Arras. Lyons. France,
27
28
AWAKE!
29
+ Studies
Fuel Outlook
One jet plane flying from
New York to Miami, Florida,
burns more fuel than an auto
mobile will in seven years.
About 5.000 gallons of fuel are
needed for the flight. By 1966
supersonic aircraft will be us
ing 4,000,000,000 gallons of
fuel a year and by 1977 an
additional 4.000,000,000 gallons
yearly.
Baths In J span
.. Tokyo has one of the largo
est populations in the world.
Some 11,000,000 people live
there. About half of these
30
Canadian Forests
New Constitution
Great Britain's only foot.
hold in Central America,
namely, British Honduras,
now is determined to follow
the pattern of many other
colonies of this century. By an
ordinanee in the legislature of
British Honduras on Decem
ber 31, 1963, unner the gover
norship of Sir Peter Stallard,
the colony set up the machinery of a new constitution for
selfgovernmeot as a prelude
to national independence.
'*
Mail the coupon. Send only 5/6 (for Australia, 6/6; for South Africa, 55cL
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Ph-ase send me the hardbound, 704-page book "Rabi/lon the Great Has Fallen ", G()(/'~ ]{i"gdom
Rules! 1 am enclosing 5/6 (for Australla, 6/6; for South Afrl~a, ,~~rl. l<'or mailing the coupon I am
to receive free the booklet "LOOk! I Am Making AU Thin-'l8 Nmt'."
N~e
Post
Town __ ,
31
-;:?to", do rpue ~
tk tiilte?
---"-"-'-'-"-"-'-'-"-'--"-'-'-"-'-"-'-'---'--"-'-----,WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Pleasc> send me "All SCripture Is ["spired of Gmt IJJf!d Br>1!6ficMl." I am enclosing 7/6 (!or
Australia, 8/10; f[)r Soulh Africa, 75c).
Name
Po~t
Town
In: AUST'RALlA: 11 Be~"sr(lrd Rd., StrathtleM, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 Bl'ldgeuwd Ave., Toronto 19, Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag' 2, P.O. Elandsfontein, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams st., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
AWAr~'"r:
12
JUNE 8, 1964
SIMUl.T~NEOUBLY
ENOLAND BY
3,950,000
v )
f .,ly 1!Ilb."lpUon
,.teo
0111...
lor "rnimnnthly ,dIUon,
Am"I U.S . 117 Ad.m. Street, Brookl,n. N.Y. 11201 $1.
A.d II 11 Bm,ford M . Stl"llthfleld, N.S.W.
S/_
c,"odo. l~O R,lilgdand Ave., Toronto 19, OnL
U
hllo.d. W.ld, To"" 110"".
Tb. Rldgew.y. Lon<Jon N.W. 7
f/_
Now lu.1.nd, 621 Ii.... Nortll Rd, Auekl.nd. B.W.
1/
S.oth AI,I.a, rrl,ote &It 2. P.O. f,!'nd,fontelD, 1'01.
700
(Nonthly edition. . .st half tho _bo. . . .Iet.)
Rtrnltta .... for ;ub""rjptlon. Bhould b, ""nl to the .111" In
Y"" ,ountry. Oth""!,,, ,.n~ your "",ltt "" to Brooklyn.
Noll 01 ..,Irallo. Is ".1 .1 I... , 11m Is""", b.fore
"'''"Iptlo" ",pi'"
Nt....
The Rlbl. Iran,l.tlon "i"iarly .,011 In "Aw.',!" I, tho Now World T.u.lallon 01 Iho HolY Se,lptu, ... 1961 edltl.n.
Wh othor trln.lltlo., oro .IOCI, thl, I, ,IOl.ly mork.d.
CONTENTS
'Do Not Let the Sun Set with You
in a Provoked State'
Ignored Warnings Cost Lives
How Has a City Now in Ruins Affected
Your Life?
Watch-Geese on the Job
Farmers "Hire" Bees
Roman catholic Priest Fined for Threats
to Jehovah's Witnesses
Quack Marriage Counselors
5
8
11
11
12
15
16
19
20
23
24
25
27
2S
Volume XLV
13 :11
JUNE 8, 1964
Number 11
OR more than a
hundred years a
F
volcano on the Indonesian island of Bali
was inactive, but in
February, 1963, it
ga ve an ominous
warning. It sent up a cloud of smoke and
ashes and shook the ground with a quake.
Had that warning been heeded by the people living ncar the mountain, more than
1,500 lives would not have been lost a
month lat.er when the volcano erupted violently. \Vhen nothing happened after the
warning, t1le people thought nothing would
happen. They were wrong, as have been
so many other people who have ignored
warnings.
In 1961 advance warning was given before a hurricane struck British Honduras,
giving the city of Belize a severe beating.
The residents who heeded the warning by
seeking places of safety preserved their
lives. There were a number of people, how~
ever, who refused to flee to safety, but
kept saying, "It won't happen here." But
it did, and they are dead.
On the other side of the world, a few
years before this, the city of Lahore in
Pakistan faced a flood thecat during tor~
rential rains. A newspaper warned that a
serious flood threatened the city. The Flood
Relief Committee alerted responsible par~
ties and a warning was issued to the residents in low-lying areas, but the vast majority of the people ignored the warning.
In due time a wall of watee came down the
river, bringing disaster to Lahore.
The foolhardiness of ignoring warnings
of danger should be obvious, but despite
this, people continue to be apathetic when
JUNE 8, 1964
they should be fleeing to safety. Just because they may never have experienced a
disaster, it does not mean they never will.
True, the volcano in Bali had not erupted
during the lifetime of the people living in
the villages around it. It was difficult for
them to believe the advance warning of a
coming eruption. But a warning should not
be regarded as false simply because it is
about something that never has happened
in a certain vicinity during our lifetime or
because there are no immediate visible indications of it. The warning should put
people on the alert; it shOUld be investigated; it should Cause plans to be made
in case the warning proves true. As this
should be the case with warnings of natural disasters, so it should be true with
warnings that come from the One who
made the things of nature and gave the
forces of nature their power.
Divine W urnings Ignored
In times past there are many instances
in which lives were lost because divine
warnings had been ignored. The warnings
were given well in advance so as to a.llow
for escape, b~t invariably the people
warned ignored them. They seemed to
think that things would continue for them
as in the past. Their attitude is expressed
in the Bible at 2 Peter 3:4, where persons
like them are quoted as saying: "Why,
from the day our forefathers fell asleep in
5
its showing is witness in itself of its powerful, gripping nature. They may have
been amazed at some of the things they
saw, but it is indisputable. For example,
generally audiences were amazed to see
that the non-Christian peollle of the FaT"
East use images, holy water, say repetitious prayers and use prayer ~8ds in their
form of worship very much in the same
way as those in Christendom do, and that
so-called Christian religions have borrowed these knicknacks from the pagans.
Perhaps most shocking of all to churchgoers in Christendom is to learn that the
adoration of the Madonna and child was
borrowed from the superstitions of Babylon, that the pagan god Jupiter was
viewed as part of a trinity, that the spires
on Christendom's churches, temples and
cathedrals all bear the mark of Babylonish
sex worship, that Roman Catholic Cardinal Newman himself admitted that "the
use of temples, candles, holy water, incense
and images are all of pagan origin."
In Fort Dodge, Iowa, when a young
woman beard that the steeples of modernday cathedrals were phallic symbols, she
gasped, "Oh no!" Another said: "I did not
realize how bad it was when 1 was 'm the
Catholic Church." In Madison, Wisconsin,
college students more than welcomed the
film's bold presentation. This is indeed "an
eye-opener," said a Catholic youth. In Toledo, Ohio, a number wanted to check farther into the matter of phallic worship
and symbols. They were given references
that could be checked in their public
libraries.
Stirring Scenes
Each of the seven reels excited remarks,
The closeness of the church-state relationship in England and Sweden was a surprise
to many. Pictures of Dachau concentration
camp, with its crematorium, brought back
horrifying memories of Hitler's era. Rapt
attention was given to scenes of Baalbek
10
11
Wedgeport R. C. Priest
Fined For Threats
To Jehovah's Witnesses
12
AWAKE/-
only four. Judge Dowell remarked: "I wonder how much difference that makes! Four
men and the priest is five: five men and
the priest is six. Mr. Balaski was alone
with his wife. It seems to me one man
could get just as bad a beating from five
as from six."
Priest LeBlanc was questioned about the
four men he admitted having with him.
Why had he needed them? "To be witnesses." While he pretended the men were
there as witnesses, the case was tried
twice, once before the magistrate and a
second time before the" County Judge, but
he never at any time called any of the
alleged witnesses.
In summing up the case, counsel for the
priest relied mainly on the fact that he had
used the word "might."
Counsel for Mr. and Mrs. Balaski pointed
out that adding the word "might" really
made no difference; that even if the judge
accepted every word the priest said, he
would still have to be convicted. His evidence was tantamount to a plea of "guilty."
It was pointed out that he had admitted
his W1lawful purpose of forcing the Balaskis to leave the municipality against their
will. He admitted having with him four
men, who were really a weapon of violence in his hands to accomplish his unlawful object. By illustration it was pointed
out that if a bank robber were holding up
a bank and he pointed his gun at the teller,
saying, 'Give me that money or you might
get shot,' while holding his weapon of violence in his hand, he would not escape responsibility for his unlawful act by throwing in the word "might." The four men
were a weapon of violence like a gun. Similarly with the argument about the five or
four men: if a bank robber were accused
of holding up a bank with a .45 revolver,
could he escape from the charge of robbery
by showing the weapon he used was a .22
revolver instpwi of a .45? It was still a
13
14
15
B/ I
AFRICDWOMEN~
flY "AWAKEI" CORRESPONDENT IN GHANA
16
('j(J
guided by Bible principles for a man to require proof of a girl's fertility before he
will marry her. This is especially true if
he seeks the social prestige of monogamy,
for while a polygamist could tolerate one
barren wife among several, it is considered
much more essential for a man to ensure
that his one official wife is fertile.
Since the African girl longs for marriage
and fulfilling her role as mother, it is not
unusual for one who is not a Christian to
contract marriage with a man that may
already have one or more wives. Not
strange, then, that the birthrate in Africa
is much higher than in other nations of the world.
Demographic information
on Africa is relatively scant,
but unofficial estimates for
17
18
AWAKE!
MARVEL OF REGENERATION
The starfish('s, which are not really fishes, often invade oyster beds and cause
(:onsitlerable destruction. Some decades ago a group of oysh'rmen employpd a
man to wreak vengeanee on their enemy by having him ehop in two th .. starfish
attacking their oysters. In a short time, however, the area had twice as many 5tal-fish. It remained for scientists to discover that chopping up a starfish is no way to
reduce their numbers, since a starfish can regenerate all its missing parts.
JUNE 8, 1964
19
"D
20
AWAKEI
wl~
0.
oJ.
.'.'"'
JUNE 8, 1964
"You certainly save a lot of time," I observed, "not having to pin and unpin."
"After one becomes accustomed to this
method he can save much time. The body
shape is quite basic and when one is accustomed to the various measurements it
also helps in altering other pieces of cloth-
21
22
'I,
II
" I I , f"
Jhe'J -""ppredate -""wahe
A SCHOOLTEACHER
;.
I
!
Ii
i
i
!,I_I
23
24
AWAKE!
Taking
JUNE 8, 1964
25
of sixty days a compact layer of salt about removed from the crystallization ponds it
four inches deep has been formed. In some is called "green salt," because of these imoperations the brine is passed through a purities and offensive bacteria. The curing
series of crystalI1zation ponds, usually consists of exposing the salt to the atmothree in number. In the first pool the finest sphere for from four to six months, after
grade of salt is produced. The brine moves which it is then refined, packaged and
to the next pool, where the second grade marketed.
of salt crystallizes as the sun evaporates
It may be that the salt you use at mealmore of the water. In the third pool the times came from the sea, perhaps even
coarsest salt is deposited.
from the sea off the coast of Brazil, but
Because the remaining brine in the last whatever its source, you should recognize
stage of the process is rich in chemicals, it how vital it is to your needs. It keeps all
the chemical fluids in
is processed to reyour body in proper
move those chemiARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
cals. The brine, incibalance. All the tis'sues of your body are
dentally, is called the
Red Rusela', Cru,ade Againlt Riligion.
bathed in salt water.
"mother water."
Who Are the Ooukhobors?
When your body losWhen it comes from
The Effecte of Employee Olsh.onuty.
es salt through perthe last stage, it is
spiration, it must be
called "bitterns."
Some of the chemicals extracted from the replaced or you will experience weakness.
mother water are bromine, iodine, magne- This has been found to be the case with
workers who work where high temperasium chloride, potash and Epsom salts.
With spades and wooden scrapers work- tures cause them to perspire heavily.
ers, known as 8alineir01>~ remove the salt. Whether the body gets enough saIt fr6m
This is done in a series of operations that natural foods for usual working conditions
requires hundreds of workers. Usually the is a question about which there are differsalt is scraped into rows and allowed to ing opinions. Some persons think the body
drain for a few days. Fihally it is heaped does not require salt added to food, wherein mounds on the walkways between the as others claim that salt should be added
ponds. These mounds of salt are formed when one's diet is heavy on plant produ~ts.
according to certain predetermined dimen- It seems, however, that considerably more
sions so that the volume of each can be salt is used on modern foods than the body
easily calculated.
requires. This, no doubt, is due principally
The barvesttime for salt in Brazil is to the flavor salt gives foods. But whether
from August to the end of May. During your body needs salt added to its diet or
the between-harvest months the earth- not, salt most likely is placed on your table
embanked ponds or tanks are cleaned and at mealtimes as it is on other tables the
prepared for a new harvest. Waste sub- world aroWld.
stances are removed. Cleaning the various
The popular use of salt creates a demand
tanks is considered important for obtain- that makes the laborious extraction of salt
ing a good grade of salt.
from seawater economica1ly profitable. Its
Before marketing the salt it must be put popularity is important to the economic
through a curing process and also refined welfare of the hard-working salineiros of
to eliminate impurities. At the time it is Brazil.
26
AWAKE!
27
rations l\-fl"l'ge
~
On April 26 Tanganyika
ud Zanzibar merged :into a
UNE 8, 1964
29
30
Go-It-Alone
AWAKE!
lVar
'were
*' Simmade
ul t
statements
on April 20 by the
ancou~
some 65 years of
research, comparatively little
is known about how the aspl
rin actually works, But it is
one of the cheapest drugs on
the market. Accordlng to Time,
April 10, every year American
manufacturers make some 27"
000,000 pounds of aspirin,
tar.
COllI
Killer DiM-uses
(~The
medic<JI ~tatistics
branch of the Ontario Depart.
ment of Health in Canada
listcd hra1"t discasC' as th( top
killcr in all agegroups. Can.
cer is secant! \vol'st. The report
stated that ('ancer is th(> lead
ing cause of death for women
be-tween 25 ami 5~. years of
agc, The canper death rate
among males has incf('aS(~d by
3 percent oyer the la~t 27
years, according tn the report.
For fcmaks, it has decreased
by thrpe percent.
~%XXXXx%xx%1XX1XXX1XXXXXXXXXXXIX'XJJXXXXXXX%XXXX%xxxxxxrxxx~
Can you imagine a world without national boundaries, without socjaJ or ra-
cial distinctions, without hunger, fearor death i Such conditions existed in the
garden of Eden, And God has promised
to restore them to the world-from one
end of the earth to the other! Do you
know when and how? Read
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N,W, 7
P!N,~~
send me th(' beautifully !J[ustrated 256-page hardbound hook Frmn Pllc".I,." [.n.,; .()
PQw(hsc R"w"~et1_ I am enclosing 5/6 (for Aust.ralia. 6/6: [or South Afn~a. ,':"')
Naml'
Post
Town
JUNE 8, 1964
31
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Make Bible reading a part of your dally routine. Obtain the excellent modern version
"'0"0~0
e0'0"'0""0"""""""0'0""".""""""'"
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
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32
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ENGLAND BY
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l""''
a(
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, ..d I. "A",k.!" I. the Ih.. World nan,rOllon uf tho H.I~ S"lptm" 1961 0<11110 .
WI". uth .. Iran,I,tlo........d. thl. I, .I'.rly .,_,ted.
,,~.I.rl,
CONTENTS
Why Worry?
Trees Made
Nylon's Us('s
,.
17
21
13
24
25
26
Volume XLV
Number 1::'
to come by but
there is the fae
tor of human
frailty. Because
of this, one authoritative history states: "It
would be
, too
much to suppose
that any historian,
written without
prejudice of race, of station or of religion."0110
The problem of \\THing history, therefore, fittingly has been likened to fishing.
Even as the results you get from fishing
depend upon your skill, where you fish, the
kind of bait you use and the kind of fish
you want to catch, so the results of the historian depend upon his skill and equipment, where he looks for information and
his motive in writing.
'rhus there was a time when men wrote
history for the purpose of extolling or glorifying some ruler. Histories written about
and at the instance of such rulers as Rameses, Sennacherib and Darius tell only of
their achievements and victories. Historians such as Herodotus and Thucydides
made their theme a nation or a people
rather than some individual. In more modern times some historians have written
with the idea of expounding a certain philosophy. Toynbee appears to be one of
these: Others make their chief concern the
* Tile HiBtormn8' Ri8tory oj thf< World, VoL I, IlP. 1-4.
JpNE 22, 1964
PEOPLE
discovered which, in
the strictest sense of
the term, is 'atheistic.'
Individuals may be athe
ists; but a people, never,"
said philosopher C. N. Bittle.
Why that observation should be true is not
hard to understand. As has been noted by
not a few psychiatrists, psychologists and
psychoanalysts, such as Jung, Frankl and
Slesinger, man has an -imperative need for
religion. They testify that religion is vital
to mental and emotional health and that
man is driven "by an overriding need for
God."
Red or Communist Russia denies this
need. She insists that "religion is the
opium of the people."* Lenin, the father of
Red Russia, was an outspoken foe of reli~
gion, even as was Stalin and as is Khru
shchev. Lenin preached that religion was
an ~nvention of the rulers to keep the mass
es in subjection, and that the fight against
religion was one of the chJef goals of com
munism. He claimed that communism
needed neither a belief in God nor a moral~
ity based on such a belief.
While thIs ;log8n 1s generally creditert to Karl Marx.
appears that Charles Kingsley, pupu),n author 'lnd an
Anglkan ~Jf'rgym"n ill< well as one Dr the f,-,undcr~ or
"Christian Soda1l8m" In England. was thp first to use
thi~ sirtrement, in a ,crmon, Not, however. thaI Kingsley
himsell believed religion to be the opium of the pe(}plu.
_VjBion~ Ris" and Change, by Pierre Van J'aassen,
p.43,
[t
Many of the clergy were imprisoned, others were exiled or deported, and many others were even executed, as at Kiev, and in
1922 the head of the Russian Orthodox
Church, Tikhon, was imprisoned.
Tikhon had at first taken a strong stand
against the Red Russian government, excommunicating all those who persecuted
his church. But after a year in prison he
did an about-face. He found it expedient to
admit having been mistaken in his previous position and pledged his allegiance and
that of his church to the Russian government. With his release in 1923 and the reversal of his position came a letup in the
persecution of the Orthodox Church. During this time the government aided and
abetted a schism in Orthodoxy known as
"The Living Church," which was pro-Red
in its politics and liberal in its theology.
However, the common people refused to
support it and so it came to nothing.
The second offensive began in 1929, several years after Stalin took over the reins
of the government. Up until this time religious propaganda was legal, but now a law
was passed permitting only atheistic propaganda and allowing religion only limited
freedom. From now on to preach against
atheism Or to try to convert anyone was
a criminal offense. The activity of the
League of the Godless was stepped up, it
being now called the League of the Militant Godless. At one time it boasted 5.7
million members and had as its goal the
turning of every last man, woman and
child away from religion. But then economic problems became so pressing that
in 1932 this offensive slowed down, an
indication of this being the restoring of
the rights of citizenship to the clergy.
The third offensive came in 1937. It appears to have been the bitterest of the
three. In fact, it was so intense that in it
many head" of the Communists themselves fell because of the poor showing they
10
made in turning Russians away from religion and to atheism. It resulted in large_
scale closing of churches and deportation
of even local priests to Siberia. It was the
most devastating blow Red Russia had yet
given to religion and all but demoralized
the Orthodox Church in Russia. But it was
not to last long, for with World War II
and particularly with the German invasion
of Russia, the government saw fit to do
an about-face. It was fighting with its back
to the wall and was highly grateful for the
stand the Orthodox Church took in calling
on all Russians to fight for their father'land.
Red Russia's fourth and present offensive against religion has been going on for
several years now. She has greatly stepped
up atheistic propaganda, publicizes all misdeeds of the clergy and indulges in official
harassment of the Orthodox Church, as
when she decreed April 29, 1962, Easter
Sunday, a workday and the following day
a day of rest. Mob tactics, such as used in
the early days of Russia's crusade against
religion, are being smiled upon, as when
in 1961 a group of howling atheistic snake
dancers invaded a large Easter service and
for an hour all(~ a half disrupted the
program.
While Red Russia's crusade against the
Russian Orthodox Church has ftuctuated
through the years, her offensive against
the smaller religious groups, and in par.
ticular against Jehovah's witnesses, has
been an unrelenting and bittC'r one. Con_
cerning her offensive against the Witnesses
Everyman's Concise Encyclopedia of RUB
12
13
14
Strange Reasonings
In explanation it shOUld be said that
Doukhobors saw nothing wrong in nude
parades and burnings. It was their form
of protest, to show their complete disregard for all things worldly. However, once
they discovered that it embarrassed the
government and occasionally brought concessions, they used these as weapons to
impress their demands.
They had always decried human leadership, claiming to follow only Christ, but
they were ever dependent upon strong personalities whom they sometimes exalted as
Christ incarnate and whom they followed
with blind tenacity. In their present emergency they sent to RUSSia for Peter Vasilivich Verigin, known as Peter the Lordly
(who had just been released from a Siberian prison), to stave off encroaching
obscurity.
Verigin, an able man, arranged to purchase a huge block of land in the mountains of southern British Columbia to
which all the dissidents flowed, and again
the struggle for a fresh start began. Again
Doukhobor industriousness came to the
fore. Timber was turned into homes, land
was cleared and irrigated, crops were planted, industries established. Under sound co~operative leadership the project flourished.
It appeared as though the Doukhobor
problem was dissolving.
But the Sons of Freedom balked. There
was too much prosperity; the brothers,
they felt, were being endangered by encroaching worldliness. Children were taking to school, integration was making in~
roads and such gradual infiltration could
only mean eventual capitulation. Verbal
objections having failed, more drastic action followed; so once again the nude parades. Only this time there were punctuaAWAKE I
Hons of more serious nature when scores huts provided flimsy shelter. They considof schools were suddenly set ablaze, bridges ered It all "suffering for Christ."
blown up and buildings dynamited. In Oc~
Thus the Doukhobors are again on the
tober 1924 Peter Verigin himself was move. Some say an ancient prophecy urges
killed in a railway explosion.
them to move every forty years until they
Three years later Verigin's son Peter reach the promised land, and it is susPetrovich arrived from Russia to take over pected that their purpose is to create so
his father's reins, but Peter the Second much trouble that the Canadian governwas a poor substitute. While flailing the ment will finally move them elsewhere.
Sons of Freedom, his own failings mounted But where is the promised land? Represenas he squandered the communities' hard- tations to other countries, inclUding Rusearned funds and lacked the ability to pull sia, failed, for no one will permit them
their bursting seams together. He died in entry.
1939. But despite his idiosyncrasies the
For the present all plans are stalemated.
DoUkhobors stuck with him and lamented Social assistance and costly investigations
that he had suffered so much on their be- prove unavailing and discussions with the
half. "Poor Petushka," they exclaimed.
Sons of Freedom result only in endless
word marathons to no purpose. No one
Militant Action
knows what to do. But these people are
What to do now? Other leaders rose, but Canadians and cannot be deported, so the
by this time various independent factions government will need to use much wisdom
had split the communities and the Douk- and patience and the Doukhobors will likehobor movement was cracking. Nude pa- wise need to show increased understanding
rades returned. Damage pyramided and and balance.
creditors, fearful of their investments,
foreclosed. Thus, while the independents Not All Guilty
were safe, the communal Doukhobors, for
In fairness to Doukhobors in general it
the second time, were dispossessed of their must be said that they have many admirholdings. That was a bitter pill. In retalia- able qualities. They are industrious, scruption every mill, bridge, powerline or public ulously clean and mind their own business.
building not under constant guard became They raise their children under the firm
a target. But when a $300,000 jam factory hand of parental discipline where obediwent up in smoke the situation took on the ence is demanded, and they feel that integration would break up their close-knit
proportions of a war.
As tension mounted such experiences corrununal life and open the way to delinboded ill for the future. In 1950 and again quency.
However, by now there is little left of
in the sixties such epidemics of violence
erupted that public and official patience the original movement, for the majority
was exhausted. But what to do? Jails, fines have become thoroughly Canadianized.
and banishment had failed. In 1963, after Many own fine homes, send their children
burning their own homes to the ground, to school and live in harmony with their
1,300 Sons of Freedom staged a march on neighbors. Numbers of the younger generVancouver. Those who were imprisoned ation attend university. Some have become
went on a hunger strike. As winter ap- ministers in declaring God's kingdom unproached, hastily constructed squatters' der a new order of things. It is only the
JUNE ft, 1964
15
radical Sons of Freedom minority group authority except by God; the existing authat continues to spearhead the opposition. thorities stand placed in their relative poAs for the Sons of Freedom, their desire sitions by God." (Rom. 13:1) So it would
to live in Christian unity is commendable. be well to recognize that human governHowever, the way of its attainment is not ments do have relative authority permitted
by rebellion and destruction. Neither by God to them, to be exercised in harChrist nor his disciples became insurrec- mony with his righteous principles pendtionists. Fire and sword was the pagan ing the time of their removal by Goq.'s
way; Likewise, fire and nude parades bring kingdom.-Dan. 2: 44.
no credit to Christians.
By the same Word we are informed that
It appears that the root cause of all in due time all wrongful authorities, exploitation and wars
Doukhobor troubles
lies in their refusal
will disappear and the
ARTICLES IN 1HE NEXT ISSUE
to accept the Holy
illusive blessings so
SlIould the Christian Church Be a
Tool of the State?
Scriptures as an inoften promised but
Comfort tor tile Lonely.
spired guide (2 Tim.
seldom
enjoyed at the
-Tile Effects of Employee Dishonesty (Held
over to make rOOm for report from
3:16,17) and in their
present will become
Cyprus).
teaching that Christ
the inheritance of all
integri ty-keepers
is reborn in each individual so that the "voice within" becomes worldwide.-l Cor. 15:25; Isa. 2:4.
the supreme authority, nullifying all govIf all Doukhobors can bring themselves
ernment and regulation. In this way each to accept this inescapable situation, their
person's private conclusions, or those of unswerving determination will stand them
their leader, become the infallible guide re- in good stead and the Doukhobor question
gardless of all evidence to the contrary. will disappear. So why not face the ineviCould this be the difficulty? Let us see.
table, even though it may seem disagreeable, and ride it out in patience in view
of the good things to come when God will
Delegated Authority
Of some Jews, Paul wrote: "I bear them cause men to "sit, each one under his vine
witness. that they have a zeal for God; but and under his fig tree, and there will. be no
not according to accurate knowledge." one making them tremble"? (Mfc. 4:4)
(Rom. 10:2) That strikes right at the core God's Word sets the time for this within
of the Sons of Freedom's problem. Their this amazing generation. It will come true,
sincerity stands beyond question, but their and it stands out as the only hope for fearmisplaced zeal brings them endless suffer- stricken humankind, including all Douking to no purpose. A further Bible record hobors and any others who feel moved to
reads: "Let every soul be in subjection to revolt against the secular authorities under
the superior authorities, for there is no which they live.
16
AWAKEI
OU have prohably
17
Damage in Anchorage
earth."
A young woman said: "I came out of the
Ben Franklin store and was about to get
into my car when it started to bounce up
and down. I thought some pranksters were
rocking the car. About the sam'e time I
saw an old lady running out of the store,
her hands outstretched, her face was white,
she threw her arms around me and I held
on to her. In this way we both rode out
the quake. After the earth stopped rolling
the little old lady went her way and disappeared around the corner. I had never
seen her before and haven't any idea who
she is. But for a brief moment we had a
~ommon interest-survival."
In a downtown area people tried to get
their cars started when the quake began,
but the autos bounced around slamming
into one another. Other people were clinging to parking meters and lampposts. Some
were running and falling down; getting up
and falling down again. We heard that a
man darted out of the Athletic Club steam
room stark naked. P~ple were forming a
human chain to protect themselves in case
a fissure opened up in the street; and this
man, fresh from the steam room, grabbed
onto the last man, nobody concerned over
the fact that he was unclothed. At a Fourth
Avenue jewelry store the window was broken and a passerby started to pick up a
diamond ring. The store owner, amid the
wreckage, spoke up: "Do ~u want to buy
that ring?" The man put the ring back and
walked away.
Airports for miles around reported
buckled runways. At the Anchorage International Airport a policeman said the first
shock did not faze him. "We get them
frequently." he explained. "But when I felt
it twist, I went under my desk and stayed
there. I could see the walls twisting away
AWAKE/
20
7'-t.&m l/O'u"
II/Jwak,t/TI
CttUtl.JpO'ndtl.nt i'n
-B1tl.Jktl.
AWAKE!
RMED conflict
erupted on the
small island of Cyprus last December
when Greeks and
Turks, who represent
98 percent of the populat'lon of about 600,000,
permitted their differences
to reach the breaking point. The violence dependence. The terms of independence
attracted world attention to their problem. were discussed in Zurich, Switzerland,
but to understand it something must be and London, England, and on the basis of
known about the people on this 140-mile- the agreements reached in these confer~
ences Cyprus was granted independence,
long island.
Under normal conditions the Cypriots Not only Cyprus and Great Britain, but
are sincerely hospitable, showing warmth also Greece and Turkey signed the agreeto visitors coming to their villages and ments, because 80 percent of the C:1D'L\Qts
towns. Customarily they want such per- are of Greek origin and 18 percent of
sons to feel at home. GenerallY speaking, Turkish origin.
they engage in conversation very easily.
Dilliculties Resulting from
Although they may never have met the
the Agreements
person next to them, when riding on a
When the Republic of Cyprus was estabbus they will talk with one another en- lished in 1960 by the Zurich-London agreethusiastically and loud enough for all on ments, certain privileges were granted to
the bus to hear what is said.
the Turkish minority that were intended
Over the centuries the Cypriots were to safeguard their interests. The privileges
ruled by a number of conquering peo- were incorporated into the constitution of
plei--the Persians, Egyptians, Romans, the Republic, and, among other things,
Franks, Turks and British. TUrkey con- granted the vice-president of Cyprus, who
trolled the island for three hundred years, must be a Turk, the right of v~to. They
from 1570 to 187S; then Great Britain also gave Turkish members of the House
took OveL Finally, in 1960, after a violent of Representatives the right of a separate
four-year struggle, Cyprus was granted in- vote. At times this privilege of a separate
vote has been used by them to overturn
decisions made by the Greek members and
for which the Greeks had voted unanimously. Because the Greeks form the majority in the House, thirty-five of its fifty
members being Greek, they were far from
pleased by the actions of the Turkish mi-
21
22
commisSioned officers and men on the island. Greece maintains a contingent af 950
men. Turkey threatened to use these men
as well as reinforcements she would send
to the island. Her right to intervene in the
dispute is, of course, a subject of dispute.
With this background on the problems con
fronting the Cypriot people, we can better
understand the reason for the violence that
broke out in December.
Intercommunal Clashes
On Friday night, December 20, a police
car was patrolling near the 1\1rkish quarter of the capital city, Nicosia. The car
stopped and the policemen requested the
identity cards of a few young men of Turkish descent. A quarrel started. Suddenly
someone in the crowd that had gathered
shot at the policemen, and they returned
the fire, with the result that a man and a
woman were found dead after the clash
was over. That was all the explosive situation in Cyprus needed to set off an eruption of violence.
Several incidents broke out the next day
invoking the police and individual Turks.
By Sunday night fighting had opened up
on a larger scale. The rattle of automatic
weapons could be heard in several parts
of the city. By morning the city was in
an uproar. Bu.ses coming to Nicosia that
morning with people who work in the city
had to turn back. Gradually, by the erection of barricades where the Turkish and
Greek sections of the city joined, the city
took on the appearance of war. Police cars
loade4 with weapons raced through the
streets to trouble spots. Word passed
around that severe fighting with light
weapons had broken out in a suburb of the
city where Turks and Greeks resjiJea. By
Monday evening the situation had grown
worse.
Many women and children were trapped
where fighting was going on, not being
AWAKE/
rights of minorities would be safeguarded, the sake of safety. Wherever there are
they say, by international law and the pro- mixed neighborhoods, green lines now sepvisions of the United Nations' Universal arate the Greeks and Turks. These lines
Declaration of Human Rights. For her indicate a no-man's-land that IS guarded
part, Great Britain wants to continue by troops of the United Nations. With the
maintaining military bases there as al- cooperation of these forces the Cypriot
ready agreed on by treaty, but the Greek government hopes to make travel safe on
Cypriots are opposed to this. Finding a all public highways.
solution that is satisfactory to all who are
During the four-day Eastern Orthodox
concerned will be a difficult task. If the Easter holiday in May there were no seriUnited Nations' mediator fails in his ef- ous acts of violence, and hope was being
forts to get a satisfactory settlement of the expressed that the dispute would soon end
difficulties, the Cyprus government plans in a negotiated settlement. The United
to take the whole matter to the General Nations' mediator, Sakari S. Tuomioja of
Assembly of the United Nations.
Finland, said: "I do not know yet what
As might be expected, the violent clashes kind of a solution there will be, but I am
between the opposing factions on Cyprus confident there will be a negotiated settlehave created distrust among the people as ment and not war. Each party has its own
well as a chain of violent retaliations. ideas on how to solve this problem, but no
Many homes have been burned, property one is going to get his own \vay."
has been stolen and people have been murThe basic cause for the Cyprus problem
dered in cold blood. Thousands of Turks is the same as for the disputes, lack of
have crowded into certain towns and vil- trust and acts of violence that are tearing
lages because they believed that their Jives at the vitals of Africa. It is the root of
were endangered by the Greeks. Those \vho the cold war bctween the hig powers of the
have left their homes are creating a hous- East and the West, and it is at the bottom
ing problem. Some are living in tents, oth- of the shooting wars that have plagued
- ers in schoolhouses and still others are
mankind continually [rom the beginning of
crowded into markets and private homes.
While away from their homes, their fields the twentieth century. That cause is lack
are not being worked and their livestock of neighbor love. Peaceful living comes
from obeying the Scriptural command:
are not receiving care.
Greeks who have homes near Turkish "You must love your fellow as yourselL"
neighborhoods have moved elsewhere for -Lev. 19:18.
24
AWAKE!
25
GO~'S
TRUTH
26
OD'S Word, the Bible, shows the Creator, Jehovah God, to be matchless,
peerless, incomparable. It reveals him as
being infinite in wisdom and power, perfect in justice and the very personification
of love.-Gen. 18:14; Deut. 32:4, 35; Rom.
11:33; 1 John 4:8.
Since this is so, why does he at times
permit widespread injustice and even monstrous evils to afflict innocent and helpless
creatures on earth? As the prophet Habakkuk put the question: "You are too pure
in eyes to see what is bad; and to look on
trouble you are not able. Why is it that
you look on those dealing treacherously,
that yOll keep silent when someone wicked
swallows up someone more righteous than
he is?"-Hab. 1:13.
Doubtless that was what Noah and his
family wondered about before they learned
about Jehovah's plU"pose to wipe out that
violent and ruined antediluvian world.
(Gen. 6:5.13) Without doubt, it was also
what the Hebrews in slavery to Egypt wondered about, and especially when Pharaoh
decreed the death of all male infants. (Ex.
1:11-22) Certainly the God-fearing Israelites during the reigns of such wicked kings
as Manasseh, who shed "innocent blood
... in very great quantity," must also have
wondered why. (2 Ki. 21:16) And what
about the time lustful and bloodthirsty
King Herod the Great "had all the boys in
Bethlehem and in all its districts done
away with, from two years of age and un-
27
QUB.J{(~I;
~f"~ate
Rumble
29
'*
Panama's Elf'ction
The election in Panama
that took place on May 1.0
gav(' that nation a new presi.
dent-Mar('o A. Robles. Dr.
Arnulfo Arias. the leader of
the Panamanian party who
was defeated in the presiden
tial' elections, however, chal
lenged the returns, Robles, the
government's candidate, said
that he had no doubt that he
would take over rule of the
government from PresldE'nt
Robert F. Chiari on October 1.
'*
'*
30
'*
'*
Auto-A KUler
The Public Health Service
in America warned ear drivers
that the death rate for motor
vehicle accidents is climbing
despite all safety precautions.
The death rate from vehicle
'*
'*
Suicide Attempt!!
On May 4 Dr. Ronald S,
Mintz, psychiatrist, told the
annual meeting of the Ameri
can PsychiatriC' Association in
Los Ange10s. California, that
about 5,000,000 people now
living in the United States
have tried to commit suicide,
not simply thought about
doing it, but actually tried to
kill themselves. This figure
represents almost one in every
forty persons. Dr. Mintz stated
that hls conclusions were
based on studies made in Los
Angeles, but he felt that his
estimate would stand up and
even be surpassed when cor
rcctlons w('re madr' statistically for the entire population.
In some communities 50 per
cent of selfinflicted gunshot
deaths are certified as suicide,
whereas in Los Angeles the
figure is 95 percent. Dr. Mintz
said that data is lacking be
cause thl"re is no way of telling how many automobile ac
A W AK E /
Faith does not come automatically with age. As with pbysical strength, it needs proper
nourishment and exercise. Go
to the source of true spiritual
sustenance. Read the Bible
daily. Then use this strength
to build your faith.
The New Wo.rld Translatlo.n of the Ho.ly Scriptures is a modern-language verJio.n that maketl reading a delight. The complete Bible: clear, o.penfaced type.
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31
PAGE
JULY 8. 1964
. -",-"--"--"
PuIlUSHICD SIMULTANEOUSLY IN TIlIl UNITED STAnIS BY THI:
EN'OLAND BY
KNOIIH,
NIIJ (Alltranl.
Pre8ident
3,950,000
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y,orly sub.!,ripUon ral ..
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A.... II., U.S., 117 Adam, SIr .. I. Brooklyo. N.Y. 11201 It
AlltrllIa, 11 n",o1ord Rd.. SIr.tIIH.ld. N,S-I'!.
8/
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$1
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The BId"""". Lon~on N.IV. 1
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So,tII AI.I.,. Prl.. te ~ 2. P.O. !':land,lantel T,!.
(lfonlhly .111......1 hall Ih ~o.. ral ... )
1 lttlnHl lor ",boorlpt!on. ohoul~ be ""\ \0 Iho am" In
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lotill .t ... plrall.n Is ..",1 01 l..'t two Is,LIes b.I,,"
... b",rlpIlGll ..pires.
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WorJ~ Tran.J.lIon of thO HOly Scrlptal", m l edition.
Wl,n oI1Nr Irln.latlon. oro ..... , Ihls Is ol ly .. ark.d.
CONTENTS
Why the Inhumanity?
20
10
12
,.
25
21
29
" A USCHWITZ
.t\. Life Again."
Comes to
Thus the
New York Times Magazine introduced its report on the Auschwitz trials currently taking place
in West Germany. For the past
five years the German government had been
,collecting evidence against
twenty-one German SS men and
one trusty or inmate who became an aide, and now was
bringing them to trial. "The charges range
over every imaginable crime and some
beyond imagining," the report said.
But might not the entire Nazi program
for the "Final Solution," the extermination
of the Jews of Europe, be termed "beyond
imagining"? That the Nazi regime should
nave built a veritable city at Auschwitz,
factories and all, to exploit Jewish labor
and to exterminate Jews by the million
does indeed stagger the imagination. And
what about the industrialists who so read
ily cooperated with Hitler in thls diabolical
business, as so graphically portrayed in
Hocbhuth's The Deputy'
However, this incomprehensible inhumanity was not limited to those who accepted the Nazi ideology either volWltarily
or under compulsion. Not amy were there
some,such as the Vatican, that remained
silent about it .all, but some preferred to
JULY B, 1964
Numbe~
13
SHOLl LD 'I'll E
Cbristian Cburcb
BE A TOOL OF THE STNl'E?
s A lover of what is right you prize
highly the freedom to follow ~he dictates of your conscience. And if you happen
to have strong religious convictions you
may value your religiouS freedom even
more highly. However, the fact that at
present you may be enjoying these freedoms does not of itself make certain that
you will enjoy them tomorrow.
Why not? Because today autocratic andl
often Godless governments are spreading
existence? I
That Christians have obligations both to
God and to their governments Jesus made
clear when he said: "Pay back Caesar's
things to Caesar, but God's things to God,"
But suppose there is a clash between the
two, as when Caesar or the State dem.ands
what God ex.elicitly claims for himself,
or the State demands that one do what
God plainly forbids, then what? Who is to
determine just what belongs to the State
and what to God? Whom is one to obey?
S~ipture and logic would seem to dictate
that Jehovah GOd is the one to determine
what belongs to whom. This is the way
the apostles understood it, for, when faced
with .this issue, they replied: "We must
JULY 8, 1964
proval without the intermediation of this the same time warning his people to have
official. Peter thus made doubly certain nothing to do with the Communists. When
that the Russian church would be run it appeared the Comm1U1ists were here to
according to the czar's wishes.
stay, Tikhon changed his position from
For almost two h1U1dred years the czars opposition to strict neutrality, and then,
held this viselike grip on the church. Its after having been imprisoned for a year,
hierarchy rolled in wealth and was even did an about-face, acknowledged his "ermore reactionary at times than were the rors" and pledged his allegiance and that
czars, while drunkenness and other mis- of his church to the Soviet regime. Thereconduct on the part of the priests were by he took the first step toward making
common. Remember Rasputin. '"' As a young his church again a tool of the State.
Patriarch Tikhon, who had been elected
Russian professor of literature, himself a
"believer," put it to a Life correspondent: in 1917, imprisoned in 1922 and released
"In the old days Orthodoxy fought every in 1923, died in 1925 and was succeeded
liberal movement in Russia, from the by Sergei, but not as a patriarch, no elecemancipation of the serfs to the demo- tion being possible. Sergei started out well,
cratic revolutions of 1905 and 1917. It for in a letter to his clergy he stated,
even excommunicated Tolstoy, that man among other things:
of God." (September 14, 1959) During
"One of the results of the Revolution
consists in fr!;'eing the Church from all po.
this time crass ignorance and superstition
litical and national tasks, and we assuredly
were fostered and especially the worship
cannot surrender that advantage. . . . We
of holy pictures known as "icons."
AWAKE!
Alexei's Role
Sergei was succeeded by Alexei, l.U1der
whose rule the Orthodox Church of Russia
has continued as a Soviet tool, wholeheru;,1edly supporting the war until its
close. The Soviet regime still passes on
the qualifications of every holder of' an
office in the Orthodox Churcb, from the
patriarch on down to the lowliest priest;
exceeding even the demands of the Nazis,
who concerned themselves with the politics
of only the higher church officials of the
Roman Catholic Church. Every churclt
service still begins with a prayer for the
blessing of the Presidiwn of the Communist party of the U.S.S.R. With the coming of peace the church has given all..()ut
support to Red. Russia's "peace movement"
in pulpit and church press. In fact, the
church echoes the Soviet propaganda line
on ~very major international issue. And
the fiction of no religious Persecution is
still dutifully mouthed.
Recent evidence that Russian Orthodoxy
is a Soviet tool appeared in the New York
Times) October 2, 1963, under the heading,
"Soviet Eye on Vatican." It told that
"Orthodox Moves for Reconciliation with
Rome Parallel Political Line. The Orthodox
political power into satellite Orthodox countries. It has become the significant and con.
spicuous feature of his tenn in office."
JULY 8, 1964
a"
DoyOUrPEOPLE
In
neighborhood
enjoy listening to Bible
teachings? Do .they
welcome a discussion
of God's Word with
their neighbors? If you
live in the so-called
''progressive'' lands of
10
AWAKE!
Exemplary Courage
When a group of men in a village not
far from Koindu became interested in the
Bible and started attending meetings regularly, the headman of the bush society
led an assault against them early last year.
Although these newly interested persons
had long been members of this bush or
JULY 1964
~OMFORT~___
OT many yelirs ago a young couple
with their two children moved from
a small town in Minnesota, where
they grew up together, to a suburb
of Chicago, Illinois, in America.
How thrilled they were over the
prospect of living in a city! But
being isolated from old friends and familiar pl,aces, the unexpected happened.
The wife became terribly lonesome. "I was
so lonely," she says, "I hated to wake up
in the morning.... I'd sit in the kitchen
all morning and drink coffee and cry so
much that rd use UJil five handkerchiefs.
I was really disorganized."
For some reason many small town and
country folk seem to believe that the very
size of a big city and the versatility of
its life are guarantees against loneliness.
But nothing could be farther from the
truth. The cold steel and concrete canyons
of the big cities practically echo with loneliness. Their beer halls, taverns, restaurants and theaters are quite literally
packed with lonely people. In 1960 there
were 2,000 bodies of adult New Yorkers
that went unclaimed at the city morgue.
There is much truth in the old cliche that
the loneliest place on earth is New York
City's Times Square on a New Year's Eve.
Big cities can be lonely places.
W~at is loneliness and what are its
effects? Why do people get lonely and
what can be done about it?
Loneliness is a longing to be with a
loved one, to be understood, to be loved,
to feel wanted, needed and cared for, yet
without anyone or any way to feed these
very basic appetites. It leaves one fright-
12
ot
JULY 8, {964
13
14
moth",'; which Ia the lira! """"""" With the Christi... ministry. (Heb. 10:24,25:
a promise: 'That it may go Well with 1 Cor. 1:J:58) The 'b."uth is that a per8Dn
you and you may endure a long time on with real faith in God and real zeal for
true worship is helped to avoid any exthe earth! "-Eph. 6:2,3.
tended periods of loneliness because of
his deep spiritual attachment to someThe roost outstanding remedy for com thing outside of himself, namely, God and
bating loneliness Is faith- and love of the his visible organization of true C,hristians.
true God Jehovah. Lonely people as a rule
Of course, loneliness and being alone
are filled with deep fear and distrust. are not the same. Solitude is a state of
They must learn to give and receive love. being geographicap.y alone, whereas loneThis all people can do. once they come liness is an emotional condition. It is _not
to appreciate what the Christian apostle only good but necessary for people to be
John wrote at 1 John 4:;16-21. He said alone at times. Jesus Christ sought after
that "God is love," that "there is 110 fear lonely places. (Matt. 14:13; Mark 1:35;
in love, but perfect love throws fear out- Luke 4:42) Being alone affords one the
side," that "as for us, we love, because opportunity to open the heart to apprehe [God] first loved us," that "the one ciations never seen in rushing crowclB.
who loves God should be loving his brother \ It makes possible the quiet contemplation
also." When lonely people once learn and of our blessings. It gives man a chance
believe that God loves them, loneliness to wash out the inside. Silence has a
loses its grip. Christians can always turn purging and restoring power. AlonenesS
to God in prayer with confidence that God is good as long as it is not an escape
will hear them, because he cares f,Or them. from reality. as long as it is not overdone,
and as long as it is wanted.
-1 Pet. 5:7.
But even, when one is alone through no
This does not mean that a devoted
Christian may not get lonely at times. He choice of his own, it is most comforting
may. But he does not have to succwnb to to know that those who are children of
loneliness, that is, prolonged periods of God are not without someone who loves
depressed aloneness. He has his Christian them. someone to whom they can turp..
brothers with whom he can and should For God has said: "I will by no means
asSOClate regularly. He has the most useful leave you nor by any means fo~ke you."
and satisfying work that can be done in -Heb.13:5.
t?h."""
The religious magazine Vartija, issue No.3, 1963, contained an article by Engineer Arvo Aho entitled ''The Layman-the Church 'Fallow:" in wllich the
following was stated: "It is generally accepted that the duty of the Church is to
be an ambassador for God. People used to come to the Church, but now the Church
must go to the people.... so in the eyes of the layman the Church seems to be, if
not llvlng only to Itself, at least surprisingly self-centered, seIf-wanning and empty.
The layman must be trained for his service. In this modern world one has to
expla1h the basis for what one believes, and it would be embarrassing if one did not
mow anything.. We laymen are strangely incompetent in this respect. We may
have sat for years in Bfbl~ circles and know the BIble by heart, but still we come
off second best In a discussion with Jehovah's wltnesses."
JULY Ii J964
15
16
What Is Stolen
There is little that dishonest employees
will not take from their employers. Every
year department stores are relieved of $15
million in cash and $115 million in mer~
chandise. Companies that manufactW'e
electronic parts, cosmetics, drugs and other small items are particularly vulnerable
to employee theft. But size does not stop
the thieves.
A department stOre employee managed
to steal twenty-eight refrigerators, four
teen gas ranges and other bulky kitchen
hardware. A machinery plant was relieved
of $16,000 worth of pipe, brass, copper and
steel by trusted employees who sold the
metal to scrap dealers. The manager of
the carpet department of a large store stole
carpets from the store and sold them to
the store's customers at a reduced rate.
Tin plate packed in large wooden boxes
was stolen by the employees of another
large company. The corporation calculated
that its losses totaled about $250,000. Over
a 14-month period in a Chicago meat
packing plant employees stole $30,000
worth of meat. So it goes in industry after
industry and store after store.
In most instances small merchandise is
carried away secreted in lunch pails, hand
bags and clothing of employees. In some
instances it is thrown into bushes near
windows and picked up later. A bowlingball bag was used by one employee to steal
brass ingots from his place of work. He
publicized his enthusiasm over bowling and
could be seen going home three nights a
week with his bowling-ball bag, but the
bag contained brass ingots rather than a
17
18
JULY S,
1~4
19
20
borl1.
The mechanics of wave movement go
largely unnoticed. What appears to be
water moving across the surf.5lce of the
ocean is not that at all. There is actually
no sUb&t.rultial flow of water whatsoever.
Here is what happens: Wind exerts stress-.
When it activates the water it is actually
transmitting energy to the water particles.
Each energized particle of water moves
in a slight upward forward motion, then
falls and returns in a circular pattern until
it is in appreciably the same spot it started
from. This is similar to the undulating
motion one sees in a field of wheat when
a wind causes what looks like waves going
over the surface, when actually It is each
head describing a circular motion in rhythmic order. So, with the water particles.
The energy of one particle is transmitted
to the next one. As the wind shoves the
water faster and higher, more energy is
absorbed and passed on, the orbit of the
particles enlarges and speeds up, the
wind-sculptured wave form continues its
journey.
Wave action is largely a surface phenomenon. Layers of water beneath also
take up the sympathetic circular motion,
although this diminishes with depth, so
despite storm waves riding overhead the
deeper waters usually lie relatively unaffected.
Wave Dimensions
The energy of the storm that fathers
the wave, the speed of the wind and how
long it blows on the wave form, the condition of the sea when it b~gan and the
length of the area over which the storm
rages all help to determine the wave pattern and form. Even the temperature and
salt content of the water have their effect.
The height of a wave is the distance
21
heaVIng InUVement, a
"SWell." ThO\lgll
appearing very harml.... the owell call
travel 7,000 to 8,000 miles Without appreciable loss of energy and can spend its
full force on the encountered' coastline.
Suddenly the waVe feels something it
has never felt hefore-bottom. The lower
layers of water begin to drag. The shoaling
bottom impedes the circular motion of
the water particles whose orbit now flattebs out and becomes elliptical; the lower
portion of the wave form. feejjng frjction,
begins to slow down. Water as a fluid also
reacts to pressure; its energy becomes
concentrated, compressed. The follOWing
swells come crowding in, shortening the
length of the waVe. There is only one way
the wave can g~up. It climbs skyward,
its walls steepen; the crest moves ahead
of the dragging bottom until it dlves farward into its trough and dissolves in a
seething confusion of foam.
in
22
A WAKE_!
The gently sloping sandy beaches. see 'rounded by mountains and glaclers. At
ten o'clock in the evening two boats an
chored in the bay began to rock, Unseen
to the occupants but with an ominoUs
gettlhg lower and lower as it dissipates. roar, an estimated 90 million tons of rock
It is this breaker that is sought after by cascaded into the north arm of the "T."
the daIing surf rider who likes to match The water, forced out of its bed, roared
his wits with the giant of the sea.
up the opposite cliffs and then out of the
mouth of the inlet. One of the boats was
Beauty and the Beast
pulled violently upward while its occupants
In one hand the sea possesses matchless hung on for their lives as they were cat
beauty, lending just cause for volumes of apulted high above the bay. Imagine their
poetic expression. Many of our readers feelings as they looked down and saw they
have doubtless braved the discomforts of were passing high above the trees over
a storm to be witness to the wild orgies land and out to sea. Amazingly, occupan~
of the sea, Countless pictures have been of both boats SUrvived. The wave that the
painted of the sea. Millions rush to a va- avalanche caused removed every blade of
cation rendezvous with this amiable friend, grass to_ a height of 1,720 feet, higher
while many more would live nowhere else. than New York's Empire State Building,
In the other hand lies the awesome the highest building in the world, rode
destructive power, the beast, which can down the bay at 130 m.p.h. and in one
reduce men and nations into helpless vic- scoop took over four million cubic yards
tims who only return for more in exchange of soil out to sea!
for the privilege of rubbing shoulders with
You and the Sea
the sea.
Next time you are at the beach study
The dedicated lighthouse keeper, for exthe
waves, watch them carefully, listen
ample. At Tillamook Rock lighthouse on
to
them;
they can teach you something.
the Oregon coast of America waves have
They bespeak the power of t the One who
risen to 200 feet, breaking plate glass in the
created the seas. Often they can tell you
lantern. Once a rock weighing 135 pounds where they have been and how far they
came through the roof of the lightkeeper's have traveled. See the young waves only
house, 91 feet from sea level. The llght~ recently formed by the wind, those steep
house at Unst in the Shetland Islands and whitecapped waves still well out at
had the sea break through i~ door, 195 sea? These visitors from local st~rms make
feet above sea level. In 1872 Wick, Scot~ a prolonged and deliberate process of
land, felt the force of storm waves that finally breaking into shore.-Job 38:1-11.
dislodged a 1,350-ton block of cement reOn another day see the swells from far
inforced with 3l~inch rods from its break- out. "We have traveled a long way." they
water. This was replaced with a bigger, tell you, "from storms far out at sea.
stronger chunk weighing 5,200,000 pounds, See thelP rise high on touching the sloping
and in 1877 it was carned away!
sands and then suddenly throwing them~
But the granddaddy of all known sea selves forward and down as if putting all
waves was felt in July 8, 1958, at Lituya into their last effort. See them die in a
Bay" a T~shaped inlet in southern Alaska. frothy maelstrom at your feet, only to
The crossbar section of the ~et was sur- be replaced by another-and another.
23
24
., ...
Iy "Awakel" corr.,pondent In DemrtClllr
25
wharves, e1egraph ,stations, modern has- venereal diseases, partiCUlarly among the
pitA Is and schoou,.
yotmg folk.
The towns themselves have also underStill another problem the new era has
gone other changes. Many modern wooden brought with it Is the increase in con~
houses and blocks of tenement buildings sumption of liquor. A survey indicates that
are replacing the old huts of peat that 92 percent of aU crimes of violence are
just thirty to forty years ago accounted committed under its inflUence. Crime is
for 75 percent of the homes, and well- very much on the rise, having increased
sU)cked self-service stores and super- 400 percent in the last twelve years, and
markets are making an appearance.
the shortage of police and prisons ~
Greenland's industry today is chiefly already be felt.
centered in fishing. In recent decades its
lVllo is t6 blame? ACCOrding to some
cUnlate has become somewhat milder, re- voices in the press, the State is partly to
ducing seal hunting, which formerly came blame. Others, again, blame the example
first. but increasing the supply of codfish. set by the Europeans, which has often
EYer larger quantities of fish are being been far from upbuilding. Still others
salted, dried or frozen for shipping to attribute it to the dissatisfaction with the
countries in Europe, Africa and North differences in the pay that D~np~ W01"1c:ing
and South America.
in Greenland receive when compared with
what the Greenlanders themseIves receive;
the Danes being paid a high rate in order
The Proble11l8 01 the New Era
With all these economic changes have to get them to come to Greenland to work.
also come political and social changes.
Nor are the churches without blame.
As a result of a plebiscite, since 1953 the Nearly all the Greenlanders belong to the
GreenIanders have two representatives in established Church, and right up until 1953
the Danish parliament, and a local council it had the monopoly on N!ligion. As the
exerts growing influence.
editor of the only paper of any size in
Great changes have also taken place the COWltry, The O-reenZaM Post, declared:
alOng the lines of health. Before World ''The Church in Greenland was very strict
War II life expectancy was twenty-five in cases of immorality in the old days,
vears; now it is fifty-five years. This is but now it remains passive in the present
mainly due to the decrease of infant mor- untenable situation, without concerning
tality and the incidence of tuberculosis, itself about how far down in the dirt we
which before 1953 claimed every third go." The established Church having shown
Greenlander. Now medical help, bospital- itself ineffective, th~ State Is trying to betization and medicine are free for every- ter matters by a series of social measures.
body.
From the foregoing It might be said
But the picture is not wholly bright. that the Greenlanders did far better in
With these changes has come a certain meeting the challenges that thelr land and
restlessness in both old and young. Due its climate presented than they dld in
to alI the changes, family life is suffering, meeting the challenges presented by modan indication of which can be seen in the ern society. But there are among them
fact that one-third of the children are twenty-four of JehOVah's witnesses who
-born out of wedlock. Another alarming are helping their fellowmen to learn and
;oonsequence of the problem brought by apply Bible principles, which enable <me to
Greenland's new era is the spreading of meet all the challenges of life with success.
I
26
AWAlt'S!
27
28
Among the books of the Hebrew Scriptures that have much to say about Jehovah
God's love for his people is Deuteronomy.
Repeatedly it gives expression to God's
love. For example: "If only they would
develop this heart of theirs to fear me and
to keep all my commandments always, in
order that it might go well with them."
"It was not because of your being the
most populous of all the peoples that Jehovah showed' affection for you . . . But
is was because of Jehovah's loving you."
-Deut. 5:29; 7:7,8.
And what expressions of God's love are
found in the book of Psalms! This collection of inspired psalms, let it be remembered, was written over a period of some
thousand years, Moses doubtless being the
first one to write one of the psalms, Psalm
90, and the last being written after the
return of the Jews from Babylonian captivity, such as Psalm 126. To quote from
but one of these expressions of God's love:
"Jehovah is merciful and gracious, slow
to anger and abundant in loving~kindness.
He has not done to us even according to
our sins; nor according to our errors has
he brought upon us what we deserve. As
a father shows mercy to his sons, Jehovah
has shown mercy to those fearing him."
-Ps. 103 :8, 10, 13.
Likewise many expressions of Jehovah's
love are found in the book of Isaiah, typical being his assurance that, though a
mother may forget her sucking child,
Jehovah will not forget. And even while
experiencing Jehovah's anger with wayward Israel, Jeremiah was able to write:
"It is the acts of loving-kindness of Je
hovah that we have not come to our finish, because his mercies will certainly not
come to an end."-Lam. 3:22; lsa.49:15.
No question about it, the Bible is a
consistent book. Both the Hebrew and
the Christian Greek Scriptures reveal a
God of justice and of love.
AWAKE!
*'
JULY 8, 1964
Naturalized Cftfzens
29
30
The XB-1'OA
~ The XB70A is a 2,OOOmile
anhour expeIimental bomber
that was unveiled in Palm
dale, California, on May 11.
The 275ton plane is not ex
pected to be turned out in
numbers. Perhaps its main
contribution will he toward
the development of supersonic
commercial aircraft. The plane
has enough new technology in
it to have resulted in 1,000
patent applications. Cost to
date, for two prototype mod
els, is $1,300,000,000.
AWAKEI
The Watchtower
1 year
WATCH . . TOWER
Pleue
Africa, 7Oc).
me
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Watchtower tor one year. I am enclosing 7/ (tor Australia. 8/-; tor South
31
But if you are one of those increasingly rare individuals 'rho conscientiously attend church because they
want to please God, then you must give serious thought
to your choice. Why? Because Jesus said: "Not every
one saying to me, 'Lord, Lord, will enter into the
kingdom of the heavens, but the one doing the will of
my Father who is in the heavens will," And under
standing what God's will is requires careful study
and serious investigation of the facts,
To know the facts and why there are so many wrong
ways of calling on the name of the Lord, you need
the book
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the revealln! book "Babylon the Great Hall Falle",!" God's Kingdom Rules! I am
enclosing 5/6 (lor Australia, 16; tor South Africa, 55e). For mailing the coupon I am to I'l'<'elve
tree the booklet "Look! I Am Making All Things NfJ'W."
Street and Number
or Route and Bolt .....................................................
N~'
Postal
Post
District No. ..... ... County
Town .................. .
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 Beresford Rd., Strathfteld, N.S.W. CANADA, 150 BridgelandAve., Toronto 19, ant. SOUTM
AFRICA, Private Bag 2, P.O. Ellanu3tonteln, Tran3vaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St., Brooklyn. N.Y,11Ml.
AWAEJfl
3,950,000
4d. _
11201 3~:
1M IIlldge!.nd AT<" Toronto 19. Onl
51
EnDI"nd, w.w~ To"er H""-'<,
The H!~~,w<Q". ,,,,"don :>I.W. 1
1/
N.. lMlo.d, 621 N.... Nort~ RIl . ~U("kl"nd. S.W. 1
1/
S.lIh AI,I ... P,i.." IIII<! 2. P.O. F,lon<Moot.jn. T.l
10.
(Monlhly Nillo., .. ot hall tho abo ,at ... )
R... lltl.e .. !!)l" sut",rr1pUon. ,hDu1d b, sent to th. ome. in
your ""\miry. ()t~.,"I'
n~ your "mltt<>n,. W IIroolc]yn.
Moll .. ~ OJIIIf,atlo. 1. ,""I at 1"'1 t~o
beto,"
OIlboor]pt!oU "pir"
ca~ad.,
...
Th.
81~1.
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Ho....
Printed in England
tr ,loUo. Ullla,ly "eel I. "A... ko!" I, tho Now World T.o l.Uo. of tho Holy
iul~u .... ,
1961 IOIttlo
CONTENTS
Giving Comfort to Those Who Mourn
Can You Accept the Whole Bible?
The Imprint of Phallicism upor,
Christendom
What's Back of the Racial Strife?
Bible Truth Prevails over Opposition
Finding the Facts
Refrigeration in the Tropics
5
8
12
15
"
20
Vess~l
2'
2'
27
29
Number 14
why not talk about some hapHEN you are face to face _~-.~--r.:f1
py experiences that you enwith a friend,
~",,,f
joyed with the nowsomeone now
01 L
deceased
person while
very much disstill living?
he
was
tressed by the
death of a mem:J_ _That will get your
friend's mind off the
ber of his family.
what can you say
sorrow of death and
or do? You want to say something, do
fill it with happy recsomething, in some way lessen his sorrow
ollections.
and express your sympathy, but words fail
A person in mournyou. To make things worse, you are sure ing usually feels helpless and alone, so you
that you are expected to make some ac- will want to give him the reassurance that
knowledgment.
others are interested in him. The bright
How can you effectively comfort such a rays of consideration and kindness can do
person? To begin with, giving comfort to much to dispel the storm clouds of sudden
others requires much tact, deep discern- disappointment and sorrow in his heart.
ment and sincere empathy or fellow feel- For example, why- not offer him some
ing. Upon meeting your sorrowful friend, practical assistance? You can express your
do not act as if absolutely nothing has willingness to take care of any errand that
happened. He will feel as if you are un- might be nece~Jry, to do some work for
concerned about him. Going to the other him, or to care for his children while he
extreme of strong emotionalism will not tends to some urgent business. He will
help matters either. To the contrary.- it really appreciate your kindness.
We are all encouraged by companionwill multiply the feelings of grief in your
friend. So it is not an extreme show of ship with real friends. are we not? Such
emotions and profuse sympathizing but a association will be greatly appreciated by
sober attitude, coupled with genuine love a person in mourning. Offer it to him. He
will have much additional work with reand kindness, that will do most to soothe
spect to funeral arrangements, legal matthe heart of the grief-stricken one. But
ters, and so forth. So would it not be a fine
what can one say at a time like this?
gesture on your part to ask him over to
You might say: "I heard about your your home for a meal? It will be one less
(wife, son, or whoever it was) and 1 want meal for him to take care of himself, thus
you to know that I share your sorrow." lightening his increased work burden. Fur
Then, rather than dwelling on the sorrow, thermore, getting him inb? other surround-
Com
iJ]lfIf1
Q' . ,----?"To
THOSE WHO
ings and conversing with him encouragingly will give him real comfort. Or why not
take your sorrowing friend for a drive in
the cOW1try, for a walk through some
pleasant natural surrOlmdings, or on some
other outing? That will give him an opportW1ity to share your companionship and to
avoid dwelling on his loss too much. Of
course, onc of Jehovah's witnesses has the
added possibility of inviting a fellow minister who has recently had a saddening experience to accompany him in the preaching work. Sharing in the joyful activity of
talking to others about God's kingdom is
a source of great strength and comfort,
and diminishes sadness.
Indeed, God's Word provides the best
comfort of all. Things that hmnans might
do to show their affection and sympathy
alleviate pain for the moment, but they do
not give a person hope of regaining the
companionship of his deceased loved ones,
as do the Holy Scriptures. (John 5:28, 29)
So those well versed in the Bible are in
the best position to comfort those who
mourn, just as the apostle Paul wrote:
"Blessed be the God and Father. of our
Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of tender
mercies and the God of all comfort, who
comforts us in all our tribulation, that we
may be able to comfort those in any sort
of tribulation through the comfort with
which we ourselves are being comforted by
God."-2 Cor. 1:3, 4.
In view of this, what should one who is
acquainted with God's Book of Comfort do
when someone informs him that he has lost
a loved one in death? For example, should
a Christian minister of Jehovah's witnesses making calls on the people in their
homes take this statement as his cue to be
on his way, feeling that a time of mourning
is inappropriate for speaking about God's
Word? Well, there is a "time to keep quiet,"
it is true, but, generally speaking, there is
no reason for considering a time of sor-
Is
Ih~
Bible
~nli.~ly
T HAS be-
come the
Ipopular
thing
today for persons claiming to
be Christians to
dismiss parts of the Bible as myth. ''In a
large section of modern "Protestantism,
the authority of the Bible has been radically and fatally questioned," observed the
Protestant journal Theology Today in its
January 1964 issue. "The Bible," it said,
"is treated as a document of past religious
history from which everybody may pick
up for himself whatever appeals to him."
But are parts of the Bible dispensable?
Are they composed of myths, rather than
true historical accounts? Were the Bible
writers limited to the knowledge of their
times and thereby influenced by current
mythologies? Or were they divinely inspired by Almighty God to set down an accurate record of events?
These questions are often raised today,
and, surprisingly, many of Christendom's
religious leaders, whom people generally
think of as champions of the Bible. have
been the very ones who have taken the
initiative in undermining its authority.
Yes, distinguished professors of theological
schools and eminent clergymen have dismissed one Bible account after another as
myth.
JULY 2:11, 1964-
fact, clergyman Lindsay King said unequivocally: "The church should come out
flatly and say that the Virgin Birth of
Christ is not an historical fact." And
John Pearce-Higgins of Southwark Cathedral in England said that "St. Paul was
completely wrong in his idea of a Second
Coming."t
There seem to be few parts of the Bible
that are not questioned by religious leaders. Even the historical events of Jesus'
life are now considered to be myths. For
instance, theologians say that "the story
of the Magi, and Matthew's account (27:
51w53) of the disturbances that took place
in Jerusalem after Jesus' death, appear to
be folk tales that were devised to impress
the faithful with the magnitude of under_
lying events.":!:
AWAKE!
ter of divorce, Jesus appealed to the "Genesis account, saying: "Did you not read
that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female and
said, 'For this reason a man will leave his
father and his mother and will stick to his
wife, and the two will be one flesh'?" Here
Jesus quoted directly from the account in
Genesis 1: 27 and 2: 24 regarding the creation of Adam and Eve. He thereby
stamped this Bible account as literally
true.-Matt. 19:4, 5.
Jesus was in far better position to know
the facts on man's origin than are religious
theologians today, for, in his prehuman
spirit form, he had been in heaven, able to
witness personally man's beginning on
earth. Certainly, then, Jesus' testimony in
verification of the creation account recorded in the Bible book of Genesis can be relied upon! He is "the Faithful Witness,"
who not once gave false or misleading information.-Rev. 1:5; 3:14.
Jesus' disciples and apostles l'ecorded
factual information in accord with what
they learned from Jesus. And so Jude, Jesus' haJf brother, when speaking about
Enoch, identified him as "the seventh man
in line from Adam/J How absurd to identify Enoch's ancestor so specifically if Adam were a mythical character! But that
Enoch was the seventh man from Adam,
Jesus' disciple Luke proVes when he traces
Jesus' genealogy directly back to Enoch,
and then to Adam.-.Tude 14; Luke 3:37,
38.
The apostle Paul, who wrote more than
half of the books of the Christian Greek
Scriptures, also spoke of Adam and Eve as
actual persons. Like Jesus, Paul too quoted
from the creation account, and said: "The
first man Adam became a living soul."
the
S
Qf
Phallic Worship
In the Roman Empire, as well as other
parts of the ancient world, phallic worship
was popular. The male sex organ was realistically reproduced by phallic worshipers
on statues in public places and on the walls
and floors of Roman homes. It was also
represented by upright pillars, stones and
poles, such as those that were worshiped
by peoples of the East. The good kings of
Judah destroyed such phallic poles. Re-.
JULY
ansata."
.ea,
1964
10
AWAKE!
cites the idea of the Lingam to the Hindu." These symbols of the phallus in pa'gan sex worship have left their imprint
upon the church buildings of Christendom.
The steeples and towers on church
buildings find no basis for their existence
in the Biblical record about Christianity.
They have their origin in the phallic tow~
ers, columns and spires of pagan temples
that were devoted to sex worship. The
book Sex Worship and Symbolism of
Primit'ive Races by Sanger Brown states,
on page 38: "There is evidence to show
that the spires of our churches owe their
existence to the uprights or obelisks out~
side the temples of former ages." Confirming this, the book Sex Symbolism in Religion by J. B. Hannay remarks, on page
347: "The lingam is represented by all upright things, such as pillars, gate-posts,
upright stones, tree stems, serpents, cross,
trident, the spire . . . the bell tower."
Quoting writers on phallic worship,
M'Clintock and Strong's Cyclapredia, Vol~
ume 8, page 57, says: "The nimbus, the
aureole, the cross, the fish and even the
spires of churches, are symbols retained
from the old phallic worship."
These facts may be shocking to persons
who have not been aware that Christen~
dom has a pagan heritage, but they are
facts that should not be lightly dismissed.
They have a major bearing on whether a
person has a favorable relationship with
God. The religious symbols and customs of
paganism are defiling. They can cause a
person to be cut off from God's approval.
Therefore the Scriptures command: "Do
not become unevenly yoked with Wlbe~
lievers. For what sharing do righteousness
and lawlessness have? Or what fellowship
does light have with darkness? 'Therefore
get out from among them, and separate
yourselves,' says Jehovah, 'and quit touch~
ing the unclean thing'; 'and I will take
you in: "-2 Cor. 6:14, 17.
11
What's Back of
P
RActICALLY wherever
there are differences in
skin color, race is a problem. From time to tjme
race violence explodes in
South Africa, and people die. Even in Britain not long ago racial tensions erupted, causing Parliament to restrict entry of
certain racial groups from other Commonwealth cOWltries. In Russia and Czeclloslovakia last year African students were
beaten up and mistreated. And in Bulgaria
fellow students hurled verbal insults at
them and refused to sit next to them.
On the other hand, when the blacks obtain control, the whites are often discriminated against and mistreated, as has been
demonstrated in certain newly independent African COWltries. But the trouble is
not only between the blacks and the whites.
The New York Times of recent date, for
example, has reported frequently on the
racial strife between the Negroes and East
Indians in British Guiana. In other coun~
tries, such as Peru, Indians are often mis~
treated and referred to in degrading terms
by whites.
But it is especially in the United States
that racial strife now erupts like an angry
volcano. In Nashville, Tennessee, on April
29, the police had to restrain a crowd of
angry whites from attacking a group of
Negro demonstrators. "Put a knot on their
head. Let us at 'em," they shouted. The
week before, racial strife in Guthrie, Okla~
homa, overwhelmed the local police force,
and Oklahoma City police had to race to
the town's aid.
An outstanding demonstration of hos~
tility toward the Negro in the northern
United States came in the Wisconsin presi~
12
13
earth are a single family and have a common origin. . . . All the racial differences
among them are non-essentials."
But instead of being taught the truth
scientifically and Biblically, people are
taught the wrong Way from youth up. Not
having right teaching when they were
young, crowds respond violently to wrong
teaching. "If I wanted to," claimed a racist
earlier this year, "I could work you up
enough to go out and shoot a Negro in an
hour!'
Wrong education, teaching hate for
those of another race, particularly affects
yOWlg persons, who are easily stirred up to
violence. It was largely youths who attacked Negro demonstrators at Nashville,
Tennessee, and who are involved in much
of the strife in the United States. It was
youths who were reported to make up an
anti-white gang in Harlem. It was twenty
youths who attacked a Columbia University professor on May 22 jn New York
City, shouting, "White man, we're going
to get you." Six of those youths were apprehended by police; their ages: from 13
to 16. It was youths involved in this news
report: "In Salisbury a band of Africans
set upon white women shoppers in a downtown store, punching, slapping and beating
them in a fwy. About 20 African youths
entered the store, the OK Bazaar, and
mingled with shoppers. At a prearranged
signal-a whistle-each youth attacked
the white nearest him."
The sale reason for such assaults was
difference of race. But those youths of
both races had been wrongly educated and
were stirred up by the examples and words
of older persons. They had been educated
to hate those of another race to the point
of violence.
14
factor in the racial strife is the illuminating fact that Satan the Devil would be
"hurled down to the earth," and because of
"having great anger" would stir up unprecedented strife on the earth. This has
happened. Bible chronology and fulfilled
prophecy identify this as the generation
that has experienced the ousting of Satan
from heaven and resultant woes of strife.
CHANGED ATTITUDE
Using Encyc{opediCl8
On the reference shelves of libraries are
usually a number of sets of encyclopedias.
Here is a good place to find basic informaOST of us, from time to time, need tion on a wjde range of subjects, and it is
to find certain facts. And those often a good start for any kind of research
who do writing, prepare public talks or project. To find the facts you want, however,
work on themes for school need to find it is worthwhile to keep in mind that ena good deal of factual information. This cyclopedias differ somewhat in the informais not easy. Even high school and col- tion they contain, in their system of arrangelege students are depressed at times by ment and in their purpose. For instance, The
an inability to find the desired informa- Encyclopcedia Britannica and The Encyclotion. So when we need to know certain pedia Americana are keyed to the interests
facts, it pays to know how to find those and learning of adults and yOtmg adults, esfacts.
pecially those who require a scholarly apThe art of finding facts, commonly
proach and technical accuracy. If you are
called research, needs to be approached
searching for general facts and do not resystematically. For example, what is it
you want? What is your purpose in ob- quire very technical information, you will
taining the information? You do not often find it quicker and easier to consult
want all the information on a subject, such sets as the Britannica Junior E'YtCycloso what aspect of it are you going to predia, the American Peoples Encyclopedia,
concentrate on? Answers to those ques- the World Book Encyclopedia and Collier's
tions wiII help you to make a systematic Encyclopedia. In isolated fact-finding, a oneapproach to research, saving you much volume encyclopedia such as the Columbia
Encyclopedia will often give you the !lit of
time and effort.
information
quicker than larger works.
For most persons who desire facts on
But if you are doing research so you will
a subject, one of the best places to go
is the public library. Get to know your be qualified to discuss or write about a sublibrary. Where are its reference books, ject thoroughly, you will require considerable
16
AWAKE!
17
18
was
AWAKEI
19
NJOY it ice-
20
A WAKE!
21
modern refrigerators have pressed aluminum evaporators: They serve their purpose
very well as long as they are handled with
care, but very often leaks develop due to
the soft material used. When ice trays
freeze hard and are difficult to take out
some would use a sharp instrument to remove it. Very often the soft metal is punctured and the gas leaks out. The defrosting
water that now runs off is sucked into the
compressor if the motor is not switched
off right away. Many are the housewives
who have pricked a hole with an icepick
only to find out that the guarantee does
not cover such mishandling. In most cases
the whole unit is replaced, and this is very
costly. Some manufacturers still stick to
the more solid type of evaporators, and
some have changed back from aluminUm
to the more solid materials. In selecting
your refrigerator you would do well to take
this into consideration.
Aluminum tubing in deepfreezers has
also proved disadvantageous in the tropics.
It has been observed that, when defrosting,
water lodges at the bottom of the freezer,
and the tubing corrodes, particularly when
seafood or acid material is stored. In one
case a family always stored a tomato
ketchup bottle near the evaporator, and at
this point the acidity corroded the aluminum tube, causing a leak. Copper tubing
is more expensive but is preferred and
stands up much better.
Most equipment is guaranteed for five
years, but this usually covers the compressor or the unit only when it is a sealed
system. Some firms give a guarantee on
the cabinet, including electrical fittings,
for one year, but too often the five-year
warranty is mishandled. The consumer
does not know what it means and a salesman in his eagerness for an order does not
make it clear that the warranty covers
only the compressor or the sealed system.
Often warranties are worded so that a cus-
22
Kerosene or
Absorption~Type
Refrigerators
The kerosene or absorption-type refrigerator is very reliable. It has no moving
parts whatever and is mainly used in areas
with no electric supply. The maintenance
cost is low and consists mostly of cleaning
the chimney or fitting a new wick. When
fitting a new wick it is very hard to get
an even flame. A very good procedure is
to make it as level as you possibly can
with a razor blade and then light it up and
keep it burning a few hours at a low flame.
This makes the top of the wick a little
brittle. Take a knife and level the wick by
pressing it down with the flat end of the
knife. The flame must be perfectly level
and full to give sufficient heat for freezing.
When this type of freezer is left over a
period of time without use, it often refuses
to freeze up again. In this event you can
be your own serviceman Remove the burner and tank and turn the freezer upside
down. You will hear the refrigerant seeping through the tubes. Leave it in this position till the passing of liquid has stopped.
Turn it back to normal and wait again
Repeat this a few times and light up. This
usually causes the circulation to return.
More often, though, improper heating is
the cause, the flame adjustment is not correct. Some freezers of this type use propane or natural gas, which is even more
effective than oil.. Others are fitted with
an electric element and heated this way.
The latter is usually very expensive, especially in areas where electricity rates
are high.
AWAKE!
23
rjjjjlJjfJj-.j}}!)!Jjj}1!
Maintain
Respect for
1M
SANCTITY
OF BLOOD
24
A WAKE!
if one
The Holy Bible counsels the Christian husband to assign honor to his wife
"as to a weaker vessel, the feminine one," (1 Pet. 3:7) To do this he needs tounderstand certain differences between the masculIne and the feminine vessels. It
Is generally known that the feminine vessel is weaker physically and a man
is stronger, even when his height and weight are the same as a woman's, the
woman's muscles being somewhat more "watery." However, it is not so widely
known that women in general ha'{e nearly a third fewer red blood cells than men.
This physical difference results in women's tiring more quickly and in their need
for more rest pauses than men. During menstruation the feminine vessel tires
sooner than usual. Women's ductless glands produce several hormones that men
do not have, and some of the hormones controlling the menstrual cycle apparently
play a role in making women more easily annoyed at periods. Also, a woman's
stomach is a trifle larger than a man's and digests food more quickly; hence a
woman is more likely to feel hungry between meals and need a snack.
26
A WAKIII
"youyourmmtheavenly
accordingly
perfect, as
Father is perfect."
be
27
28
Boltvia's Election
Fifty-six-year-old Dr. Victor
Paz Estenssoro was elected to
a third term as president of
Bolivia by more than 70 percent of Bolivia's voters. He'
was assured Victory when opposing parties withdrew their
candidates, leaving him unopposed. In Bolivia all persons
between 18 and 70 years of
age are required by law to
vote and are subject to fines
and penalties if they do not.
Taught to Kill
The Combat Survival School
in South Africa characterizes
the perilous times in which we
live. The school teaches its stu
dents how to kill. For a small
fee, students, according to a
published Associated Press
dispatch, dated June 7, receive
ten lessons and are taught a
dozen variations of how to kill.
The report also says that
many of South Africa's ordl
nary schools have introduced
"antisabotage training, unanned combat and pistol shootIng for students." About haU
of South Africa's three million
white population are said to
possess firearms.
'*
"Unsure 01 Ourselves"
For many persons in the
world the United States of
America has been the land of
promise. Some have visualized
for themselves pots of gold
there at each end of the rain
bow. But the dream is over, at
least, so declared Dr. Grayson
Kirk, president of Columbia
University in New York City
on June 2. He told 6,273 assembled students that America
"has rounded a corner in its
history. . . . In one senSe the
American dream is over. Many
of the cherished beliefs of our
national youth no longer seem
to fit the conditions of life in
our time." "In consequence,"
he said, "it is fair to say that
our people appear to be in a
JULY 22, 1964
Strikes Outlawed
Brazil's president Humberto Castelo Branco signed a bill
on June 1 that made political
29
l"lood Dlsastel'!l
., A late spring, heavy wet
snowfall, followed by 2.5 inch
es
30
'*
U.N. to cambodia
The bickering among memo
ber nations of the United Na
tions was typical in June, at
which time the country of
cambodia charged the United
States and South Vietnam
with repeated aggressIve acts.
On June 4 the U.N. Security
Council agreed to send a
threeman committee to Cambodia and South Vietnam to
study ways of preventing bar
der incidents. Brazil, the Ivory
Coast and Morocco, all neu
trals, were chosen on June 5
as the members of the Security Council committee to
investigate the CambodianVietnamese frontier situation.
The committee, with a staff of
five, will be gone for four
weeks. The estimated cost of
the operation was set at $29"
000.
Crime In Washlngton
+ In
+ World
tensions increased
somewhat when Premier
Krushchevof the Soviet Union
told United States Senator
William Benton on May 30
that RussIa has been pho.
tographlng American mllitary
bases from outer space. The
RUSSian premier intimated
that America too was engag
ing in space-spying photography over the SovIet Union. It
is now believed that both na
tions have the capability of
keeping tbe entire surface of
the earth under observation
by means of spy satellites.
'*
Holiday KUler
it a holy day if you
wish, but there is an unusual
number of lives sacrificed on
so-called holy days, which
would suggest that they are
anythIng but holy. For example, the National Safety
Council in America predicted
+ Call
AWAKEI
Tourism
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me ............ ('op(v. -iesl of the New World Tran,.lation of the llor!! .scdpiures (eaeh.
7/6 [for Australla. 8/10: tor South Afric1l., 7::'cJJ. I am e)l('Joslllg . .....
For muiling the coupon 1
am to recpive free the booklet Limn.!} In Hope of a R'.'Jht"ou~ New World.
N=,
Post
Town ..
Postal
District No.
County
31
All people of the earth are facing the most critloaJ: Of all times.
Now, in our generation, that which for centuries has been a
focal point of Christian hopes is to be realized! You will want
to be fully informed for your protection and everlasting welfare. Join with Jehovah's witnesses at their
CANADA
JULY 23-26: Austin. Tex.: Bismarck, N.D.: Charleston, S.C.: Davenport, Iowa: Detroit, Mich.; San
BernardIno, Callt.: San Jose, Calif.; Wailuku, Maul;
West Springfield, Mass.
JULY 3Q-....AUGUST 2: Anchorage, Alsk.; Columbus,
Ohio; Topeka, Kans.: Ventura. Calif.
AUGUST 6-9: Brewer, Me.; Grand Rapids, Mlcb.;
Greenville, S.C.; Santa Rosa, Calif.
AUGUST 13-16: Duluth, Minn.; Great Falls, Mont.;
Montgomery, Ala.; Tacoma, Wash.
AUGUST 20-23: Yuba City, Calif.
AUGUST ZT.JO: Cheyenne, Wyo.
SPANISH ASSEMBLIES
JAMAICA, W. I.
WATCHTOWER CONVENTION
Watch Tower House, The Ridgeway, London N.W. 7
AWA.KE!
PAGE
AUGUST 8, 1964
3,950,000
4 _
om,.
n.
Blbl. tnn,laUon reg.'atly lied In "b... r' I, I low Worr~ Yra.,latlon of I~I H.I, Sutlll".., 1961 "W...
Wh.n othor tro latlon, . . . ."d, t~l. II oIw1r ml.k ...
CONTENTS
Show Appreciation
Are Your Ways God's Ways?
3
5
A Yogi's "Illumination"
12
II
16
17
20
26
27
29
Number 15
Jesus Christ
GROUPof
once met a group
high school
of ungrateful perboys formed a
sons. The Bible
club whose policy
tells us about
it was to aid peothem: "As he
ple. They assisted
was entering into
stranded rnptorists by fixing fiat tires, gave them gas if a certain village ten leprous men met him,
they unexpectedly ran out, and helped but they stood up afar off. And they raised
them in other ways. They took no money their voices and said: 'Jesus, Instructor,
for their services. What did they ask in have mercy on us!' And when he got sight
return? Only that the motorists write a of them he said to them: 'Go and show
yourselves to the priests.' Then as they
'thank you' letter for their club files.
What were the results? A young club were going off their cleansing occurred."
spokesman said: "You know, to date we Did these ten persons show Jesus their
have received only two letters, although appreciation for being cleansed from such
our club records show we have assisted a loathsome disease? The record tells us:
over 150 motorists in the two years we've "One of them, when he saw he was healed,
been organized." He said that he "guessed" turned back, glorifying God with a loud
that adults do not practice what they voice." The other nine were ingrates. They
did not bother to thank Jesus or God.
preach.
-Luke
17:11-18.
How discouraging this could be to the
not pleased by those who do not
God
is
young! What a poor example for their
show
appreciation.
The Bible even tells us
elders to set, especially when they write
and speak so much about delinquent that this bad quality is one of the identiyouths! Think of it: only two letters for fying marks of these "last days" in which
150 good deeds! One wonders if even the we live. "But know this, that in the last
two would have been sent had it not been days critical times hard to deal with will
be here. For men will be lovers of themsuggested.
This shows the great need to express ap- selves, . . . unthankful."-2 Tim. 3:1, 2.
While there are plenty of such ingrates
preciation for kindnesses shown. Being unin
our time, there are those who do show
grateful is unkind, rude, yes, downright
appreciation.
By showing appreciation
mean and ugly. It discourages further
they
please
those
who perform kindnesses
kindness, at least toward the ungrateful
toward them and at the same time they
one.
AUGUST 8, 1964
~/Uf APPRECIATION
Outside the family circle, are others alplease God. How pleasant it is to hear
words of gratitude from one to whom you ways doing things for you? Are you a frehave extended kindness! "Pleasant sayings quent guest in another's home, but that
are a honeycomb, sweet to the soul and a one is never a guest in your home? Not
that kindness must be repaid deed for deed,
healing to the bones."-Prov. 16:24.
Even more pleasant than words of ap penny for penny, for it is not a business
preciation are acts of appreciation. "A man transaction. Yet, it is proper to show apof faithful acts will get many blessings." preciation by doing things for others who
(Prov. 28: 20) So
have done things for
showing appreciation
us. We do not want to
-. {'j , .. "-become parasites, alshould not be limited
<. Wily the Lack of Christian Thinking?
to what we say with
ways taking, never
'_' Nonreasoning Travelers but Remarkable
Navigators
our mouth. It should
giving, as some reli...
When
People Defy the Law.
be made manifest algious orders in the
" Not Yet Free,
so by what we do. A
world who always
husband should not
ask for food, clothing
take for granted the hard work of cooking, and money but never render a single sermending, ironing and cleaning that his vice in return.
wife does without ever showing his appreIt is not a great burden to show appreciation. Not only should he express grati- ciation by doing things for others. Just the
tude with words, but he should show ap- opposite is true. Jesus said: "There is more
preciation by what he does. How happy a happiness in giving than there is in receivwife will be when her husband takes her ing." (Acts 20:35) You should give, of
out to eat or assists with heavier house- course, within your means. You are not
hold duties at times! So, too, the wife can expected to set a sumptuous meal for anshow appreciation for her husband's hard other ,when you yourself have very little
work by taking note of his needs, by doing to give to your 0\Vll family. But even sharwhat he requests, and by becoming inter- ing a little at times is appreciated by a true
ested in what interests him so as to be a friend as a token of kindness.
better companion. She shows appreciation
Sometimes one cannot show appreciaby supporting him with words al,ld deeds, tion by a kind deed, due to being very old
not by competing with him or by belittling or sick. Perhaps one is very poor in this
him in front of others.
world's goods and does not have anything
Young ones in the family circle can show to give. But even in these cases one can
appreciation by doing their part. Young show appreciation by cheerful oral expresgirls can set the table, assist with the dish- sions of gratitude, by a warm handshake
es after meals, learn how to cook and clean. or other gestures of affection.
Young boys can help father with painting,
No, do not be like those who disregarded
repairing, cutting grass and other duties. the good deeds of those high school boys.
Yes, youths need to show appreciation for Do not let yourself drift into ingratitude
the life that their parents have passed on and be classified as an unthankful one,
to them, also for the food, shelter, clothing thereby fulfilling a Bible prophecy that
and other things with which they are being stamps you as being unworthy to receive
provided. Showing appreciation is the wise God's mercy when this system of things
course. "A wise son is the one that makes ends. By all means, show appreciation by
a father rejoice."-Prov. 10:1.
word and deed!
AWAKE!
,. . .t~$
WAYS?
AUGUST 8, 1964
Ii
S.
give in a large way. 'For the thoughts of when they agreed to obey the famous Ten
you people are not my thoughts, nor are Commandments and the other laws that
my ways your ways,' is the utterance of he gave them to keep. The eighth of those
Jehovah. 'For as the heavens are higher well-known commandments was, "You
than the earth, so my ways are higher than must not steal." God required obedience to
your ways, and my thoughts than your this law. So when the Israelite, Achan, ignored it by taking a good-looking garment
thoughts.' "-Isa. 55: 6-9.
and
some silver and gold that did not beUnlike men, whose ways are so often inlong
to him, he was punished with death
fluenced by the standards of those around
for
not
following God's ways.-Ex. 20:15;
them, God's ways are always consistent.
Josh.
7:1-26.
"The ways of Jehovah are upright," his
Word says. "For all his ways are justice.
Not only is outright stealing wrong, but
A God of faithfulness, with whom there is dishonest methods are also displeasing to
no injustice; righteous and upright is he." God. This is evidenced by what happened
-Hos. 14:9; Deut. 32:4.
many years later to Elisha's servant GeSo that man would be acquainted with hazi. Elisha had refused to accept payment
His superior ways and could conform to from Naaman, whom he had healed of
them, Jehovah God provided his written leprosy. So greedy Gehazi seized the opporWord Therein he has had recorded the tunity to obtain the money for himself
standards by which be expects his people dishonestly. After N aaman departed, he
to conduct themselves. It is this inspired chased after him, and claimed that, due to
Word the Bible that serves as a directive the arrival of friends, Elisha would like
to God-fearing men, enabling them to walk to have an outfit of clothes and some monuprightly. By means of this Word the way ey for them. Naaman was glad to present
to follow is pointed out as if a voice were the gift, and Gehazi took it for himself.
saying: "'This is the way. Walk in it, you Gehazi probably felt justified in what he
people,' in ('~se you people should go to the did. But it was not God's way; it was dis~
right or ilL ~ase you should go to the left." honest, and Gehazi was severely punished.
-2 Ki. 5:15-27.
-Isa. 30:21.
Today there is pressure on every hand
After a while it was not only individual
to deviate from the way that Jehovah God Israelites that ignored God's ways, but the
outlines in his Word. The idea is promul- majority of the nation turned from the
gated that God's ways are out of date, that pure worship of Jehovah God. "They built
you cannot live according to Bible prin- the high places of Baal," and made "their
ciples anymore. But this is not true. Just sons and their daughters pass through the
because government officials lie, businessfire to Molech, a thing," God said, "I did
men deal unjustly and the people in general
ignore Bible teachings, these things do not not command them, neither did it come up
mean that God no longer requires obedi- into my heart." No longer having faith in
ence to his laws. He does. Failure to con- Jehovah, the Israelites looked to strong
form to His ways will not go unpunished. military powers for assistance in time of
trouble, instead of trusting in God for sup.
When God's Ways Are Ignored
port. The faithless Israelites evidently felt
Consider, for instance, the nation of Is. justified in doing this, figuring it to be the
rael. Jehovah God took this nation of peo- only practical thing to do.-Jer. 32:35;
ple into a special covenant with himself 1sa. 31:1.
AWAKE!
It is common for humans to justify their same as that expressed by the Bible psalmown course of action, even as the Bible ist: "Make me know your own ways, 0
proverb says: "All the ways of a man are Jehovah; teach me your own paths. Make
pure in his own eyes." (Prov. 16:2) Ap~ me walk in your truth and teach me, for
parently this is how the Israelites felt, eg.. you are my God of salvation." This is a
peCiaIly since the majority were pursuing humble attitude, and having it means that
this faithless course. But popularity did you will recognize that "it does not belong
not make their way right; God did not to man who is walking even to direct his
change his requirements to satisfy the ma~ step." You will appreciate that you need
jority. No, but, rather, after repeatedly the guidance and correction found in the
warning the people by means of his proph~ ennobling counsel of the Bible.-Ps. 25:4,
ets, God punished the entire nation by al~ 5; Jer. 10:23.
Even the Son of God, Jesus Christ, at all
lowing the Bnbylonians to come in and
lead them off into captivity in 607 B.C.E. times looked to his Father in heaven for
The situation now is similar to what it direction. "I do nothing of my own initiawas in the days of ancient Israel. "There tive," he said; "but just as the Father
is no truth nor loving-kindness nor knowl- taught me I speak these things." Jesus
edge of God in the land. There are the conformed his ways to God's. In order for
pronouncing of curses and practicing of you to do the same, you must follow the
deception and murdering and stealing and example he set. You must diligently study
committing of adultery that have broken God's Word, and then deal with your
forth, and acts of bloodshed have touched fellowman according to its righteous prinother acts of bloodshed." The way the ma- ciples. This certainly is not an easy thing
jority of people walk is not the way God to do in this cold, hardhearted world, but
it can be done by those who have complete
directs.-Hos. 4:1, 2.
Even though men may not think that trust in God and his Word.-John 8:28.
The inspired Bible proverb stresses the
God is observing their conduct, his Word
need
of reliance upon Jehovah God by saytells us: "His own eyes behold, his own
ing:
''Trust in Jehovah with all your
beaming eyes examine the sons of men.
Jehovah himself examines the righteous heart and do not lean upon your own unone as well as the wicked one, and anyone derstanding. In all your ways take notice
loving violence His soul certainly hates." of him, and he himself will make your
Because of their wayward course, Jehovah paths straight." With this implicit trust in
promises that he will take action against God, you will follow what he says in his
evildoers. Those pursuing the way right in Word regardless of what other persons
their own eyes, but not right according to may say or do. Even though every single
God's Word, will soon be destroyed by God person in your community should ridicule
in his fast-approaching war of Armaged- you for fol,lowing God's ways, your deterdon.-Ps.11:4, 5; Zeph. 3:8; Rev. 16:14-16. mination will be that of the Bible psalmist:
"Instruct me, 0 Jehovah, about your way_
I shall walk in your truth .... I wiII glorify
Conform to God's Ways
How important it is, therefore, that you your name to time indefinite." Yes, choose
conform your ways to God's ways! To do God's ways and make them yours!-Prov.
this requires that your attitude be the 3:5,6; Ps. 86:11, 12.
AUGUST 8, 1964
By "Awa~.l"
COfflIIpon"-"t
in lritai ..
"THE
ditional approach of the organised Christian church to morality,"3 But many people rejected the Quaker attitude as too
extreme; so where does the distortion of
Christianity end, and to whom is the ordinary person to turn for guidance in moral
matters when no acknowledged yardstick
exists?
Is a United Church the Answer?
The spirit of church union is certainly
abroad in Britain today. Discussions take
place continually, between the Anglicans
and the Presbyterians, between the Congregationalists and Presbyterians, and between churches in \Valcs. Even the Roman
Catholic Church has made a few friendly
overtures to the Church of Scotland.
Most discussed of all is the proposed
merger between the Anglican and Method
ist Churches. But many thorny problems
call for an answer. If the Methodists join
with the Church of England, will they still
be able to maintain intercommunion with
other Free Churches? Does the union
mean that Methodist ministers would have
to be reordained, something totally unacceptable to most, since it would imply
that the present ordination is not valid?
Is the suggested "Service of Reconciliation" intended to be so ambiguous that different parties of the two churches can
read into it whatever meaning is desired?
Perhaps the need for Methodists to accept episcopacy poses one of the greatest
problems. But how is episcopacy to be defined? The Bishop of Sheffield suggests
that, while there will be liberty of interpretation on this question to suit all views,
there would have to be limits to what is
admissible. Yet many Methodists consider
its acceptance only as a "matter of ecclesiastical convenience"; so perhaps interpretation does not matter anyway.
In 1965 both churches will vote on stage
one of the union, and stage two-actual
9
10
the faith, religious instruction often confuses them and inoculates them against it.
Even the teachers need instructing first
themselves and are often the church's
"least mature members." Better to have
children and adults studying the Bible together in groups, preferably in eallh other's
homes. "It follows," he concludes, "that
Sunday schools, except for a few of the
most professionally conducted ones, are
not any longer an obvious direct means of
gathering into the household of God young
people who would not otherwise be there."~
Clergy and Laity
Would a larger number of clergymen
bring about a revival? Would better conditions make the job economically attractive to young men and would it be possible
to end the present uncertainty as to the
purpose and function of the church in modern society? A special study has cast much
light on these questions this year. It is the
Paul Report on The Deployment and Payment of the Clergy. Among other things,
it suggests that many clergymen seem
more like registrars of births, deaths and
marriages, or caretakers for a group of
ancient buildings. Deployment is most uneVen and the areas of greatest population
density have the least care and are most
frequently in a state of decay. The church
is not really using the men it already has.
Leslie Paul applies the parable of the talents to the church, with this differencethe church does not know what talents it
is hiding.-Matt. 25:24-30.
Under the heading "Are Too Many
Priests Wasting Their Time?" the Church
Times of March 26, 1964, published some
letters from unhappy clergymen, who were
tired of sitting on committees, shaking
hands, making small talk and drinking innumerable cups of tea with elderly parishioners. But this is the traditional image of
the English parson, and how many of them
AWAKE!
"Bone8t to God"
Topping the list of the Sunday
Tele~
11
12
"
,.
AWAKE!
AUGUST 8. 1964
13
14
AWAKE!
AUGUST 8, 1964
If you are really warm and feel oppressed, one of the most effective things
you can do is to run cold water over your
wrists or immerse your hands and foreanns in a bowl of cool water. A piece of
ice held to one's wrist helps similarly. In
one research test, a number of persons
were kept in a hot room with the temperatW'e at 1050 and humidity at 75 percent.
The subjects felt wretchedly miserable.
Then they were allowed to keep one hand
and forearm in water (at 590) and they
felt quite comfortable for long periods of
time. Such tests indicate that it is vastly
more cooling to submerge hand and fore~
arm in water now and then than it is to
fan one's face or to lie motionless in the
heat.
The same tests revealed, in fact, that doing nothing or just lying in bed in a hot
and humid environment not only is an in~
effective way to keep cool but it may increase the body's heat burden.
Many persons find it helps them to keep
cool if they can keep their feet cool. They
know that in the winter if their feet get
chilled, they feel cold all over. So in the
summer they reverse the process, and instead of keeping the feet warm, they keep
them as cool as possible. Each person will
have to find his own way to cool feet. One
way, of course, is to wear loosely woven
shoes that allow air to reach the feet better.
Sometimes to get relief from oppressive
I heat waves, it may be desirable to go to
a cooler place. A beach or park or lake
may be fine. Then again, if one has a base~
ment room, it will likely be the coolest
place in the house and one could retreat
there.
Since it is not always practical to go
somewhere, one may be able to keep one's
house relatively cool. Window shades
might be pulled down on the sunny side.
Light-colored ones are more effective than
dark ones. When the house is cool and air
15
Air Conditioning
The most ideal way of keeping cool is
by means of air conditioning, the use of
machines that not only cool. the air but
dry the air. On a very humid day one may
feel heat-bedraggled, listless and bored
even by things naturally of interest; menta! tasks become burdensome. Studies have
shown that it takes 50 percent more energy to work in a room at 90 degrees than
in one within the limits of 68 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Professor John Watt of
the University of Texas has collected statistics on air conditioning and worker productivity. In every case he found that output goes up froql 22 to 28 percent for
factory workers and from 20 to 50 percent
for office workers with air conditioning.
October, 1963.
16
AWAKEI
196.~
17
event tragedy known in history. The offi- with his own necktie. Another policeman
cial count: 328 dead, and well over 1,000 tried to restore order in the upper stands;
injured.
the crowd grabbed him by the arms and
legs,
swung him back and forth. and threw
As the angry crowd boiled out of the
him
to
his death on the concrete fifty feet
stadium, some immediately began a cambelow.
paign of vandalism, apparently in defiance
of the police, whom they foolishly classiSome of the fans had brought their
fied as their enemies. They smashed the whole family to the game as did one Ferwindows of the stadium. They set fire to nando Zevallos, who brought his wife and
cars and buses. They stoned the mounted five children. He ended up unconscious in
police. They broke into the office of the the hospital, and when he came to he reGoodyear Rubber Company, pillaged it and ceived the shocking news that his entire
set it on fire for the reason that it hap- family had been wiped out in the horren
pened to be in the path of the mob. Ac- dous stampede. Another man who lost his
cording to the daily Expreso of May 26, family said: ''The people came at us like
about fifty buildings, homes, filling sta- a wave in a bad sea."
tions, offices and banks suffered heavy
Lima and all of Peru were shocked at
damage. The vandals had no regard for
the
loss of life and property stemming
the innocent owners of cars, buses, houses
or other property. Anything in the path of from an apparently small and cornmon
event. Yet it was no unusual thing for the
the vandals was destroyed.
All Sunday night confusion reigned in fans to protest heatedly OVer a referee's dethe various hospitals, first-aid stations and cision on a ball field.
the public morgue of Lima as thousands
tried to locate and identify their injured Unruly Crowds at Many Sports Events
Peru is just one of many Latinand dead.
American cOWltries that not infrequently
have disorders and riots at sports events.
No One Seemed Safe
Everyone in the stadium, it seemed, Indeed, the New York Times of May 26,
whether spectator, player. policeman or a 1964, commented:
mother with baby, was in the greatest dan"The emotions roused by the consistent
ger. Everyone's life seemed threatened.
action of play, and compounded by national
The referee and players saved their lives
istic fervor, have led to rioting and death in
by fleeing into a steel-doored dressing
the past, but never so severe a~ [at] Lima.
.. Many of the elements that engendered
room. During the stampede for the exits,
that tragedy are present in all soccer games
a woman knelt to pray with a baby in her
played on an international level. . . . In
arms; she and the baby were crushed to
many countries, where soccer is one of the
death under the feet of the panicky fans.
fl'w divel'sions and emotional releases for a
A policeman off duty had gone to see the
. . restless mass, the game takes on the
proportion of a kind of controlled warfare.
game wearing his uniform. At other times
. . The fans disagree with an important
his uniform would command respect from
decision, and a few of them erupt. A riot
the public, but not on this fatal Sunday.
begins . . . . The violent reactions of fans in
South America has prompted the construcEnraged because of police action in throwtion of special features in soccer stadiums.
ing gas bombs, several fans, seeing the
In Lima, a heavy iron door to the locker
spectator in uniform, attacked the officer,
room probably saved the lives of the referee
overpowered him and choked him to death
and players."
18
AWAKE!
19
--- ~---
--~\ ..
/;t,
~.
International Association with headquar- freely for, licit ends, and in accord with
ters in Brooklyn, [New York, and Pitts- that which is established by the Laws."
burgh], Pennsylvania, whose operation and Ajwia reminded the court that the Meetactivities are not authorized in Spain."
ings Law of June 15, 1880, is still in effect.
Since the international Watch Tower Bi- Article 2 declares that public meetings are
ble and Tract Society has not been able to understood to be gatherings of more than
legalize its Christian activities under the 20 persons, and only when this figure is
present regime in Spain, Orzaez was con- passed would one have to ask for governvicted of "the crime of illegal association," ment permission to gather together for
as director of a clandestine organization. licit purposes. As in the Las Palmas case,
The court of Las Palmas based its decision Jehovah's witnesses make every effort to
on Section 4 of Article 172 of the Penal conform with this law.
Code, which states that "illegal associa"lllegaJ. associations" are also understood
tions" are "those that be constituted with- to be those whose purpose is to commit
out complying with the requisites or crimes against the secwity of the State,
transactions demanded by the Law." On but, declared the defense, the meetings of
October 27, 1961, the lower court sentenced Jehovah's witnesses are based on reading
Orzaez to three months' detention plus and commenting on the Bible. Out of recourt costs. The case was appealed to the spect for Biblical doctrine, Jehovah's witSpanish Supreme Court located at Madrid. nesses teach that one who commits crimes
Defense lawyer Don Eduardo Ajuria elo- against the security of any State is also
quently argued before the Supreme Court rebelling against God. Such an individual
that if it were true that the accused "was would never be allowed to be one of the
carrying on a work of propaganda and God-fearing witnesses of Jehovah. While
proselytism" as charged, then it would Jehovah's witnesses do not belong to the
clearly be indicated that the listeners at Roman Catholic Church, this does not
the gathering were not members of any or- mean that they are not Christians. The
ganization. If he were trying to convince reading of the Bible is a most Christian
them or make proselytes of them, then activity. "Can there be a crime in reading
they were not yet under his guidance as and commenting on the Bible?" Ajuria
members of said illegal organitation. In ad- asked the court.
Summing up, the defense pointed out
dition, those in attendance were not bound
that
Article 6 of the Fuero de los E~
together by any legal ties such as by charnoles
was openly violated, for the State
ter, dues or organizational statutes. Those
guarantees
that "no one will be molested
in attendance did not form an illegal assofor
his
religious
beliefs, nor in the private
ciation, but were only attending a Bible
exercise
of
his
worship."
Orzaez was not
meeting. Jehovah's witnesses are not an inonly
molested
by
the
police,
but also tried
corporated legal body anywhere in the
world; they are Christians. Therefore, and condemned for having been found in
Orzaez was not a director nor a founder of a meeting teaching the Bible.
the group, argued the defense.
After the defense's presentation, the
But does the right of assembly exist in Chief Justice of the Court asked the proseSpain? Yes! emphasized the defense. Arti- cutor to present his arguments. After makcle 16 of the Fuero de los Espaiioles (Span- ing a brief resume of the defense presentish Law) declares that "Spanish will be ed, the prosecutor caused a stir among the
allowed to meet and associate together crowd in attendance by declaring: "I join
AUGUST 8, 1964
21
es were pressed against them for possession of "illegal propaganda." The prosecuting attorney's office asked that they be
sentenced to more than two years in prison
and fined 10,000 pesetas, in addition to
court costs. The petition was based on
the fact that the magazine iDespertad!
(Awake! in English) had been found in
their possession during the search of the
apartment. The magazine contained statements made by various North American
authorities expressing their shock concerning a previous expose of religious persecution in Spain.
On May 28, 1963, the provincial court of
Almeria acquitted the two young girls. The
tribunal wrote: "We must acquit and we
do completely acquit of the crime of illegal
propaganda of which the defendants .. _
were accused, declaring the court costs
payable by the State."
Full-time minister Miguel Gil Castell,
twenty-two years old, had a conversation
with a Roman Catholic priest in Granada,
at the end of which the priest turned Gil
over to the police. Gil was later charged
with committing a crime against the Roman Catholic religion. Commenting on the
decision, Granada's daily newspaper Patria (Fatherland) wrote in its issue of June
12, 1962, that Gil "was caught with booklets that could serve as propaganda for the
sect called 'Jehovah's Witnesses,' to which
"sect the defendant belongs, but in said
booklets it could not be assured that they
Were for mocking or making fun of the
Catholic religion, nor that the defendant
devoted himself to publicly look for followers of the sect ... The court in its decisian . . . esteems that the defendant has
not committed a crime and it absolves
22
AWAKEI
23
Do Witnesses Proselytize?
Jehovah's witnesses are deeply interested in the welfare of the people, as is also
AWAKE!
25
26
)
/'
)
/'
I
/'
AWAKE!
contradiction?
No, it does not. Why not'? Because the
term "perfect" can apply to various things.
It might be likened to the word "mature,"
which, incidentally, is another English
word used at times to translate the same
Greek word rendered "perfect" at Hebrews
5:9. A person can be mature physically
and yet not mature emotionally, or mature
mentally and yet not mature spiritually.
So with one's being perfect. The fact that
one js perfect in body and mind does not
mean that he cannot learn, from study,
observation and experience or training.
It appears that it was primarily in this
sense that Jesus Christ was made perfect,
AUGUST 8, 1964
plining of Jesus Christ and the members learned obedience from the things he suf~
of his body for their positions as high fered." (Heb. 5:8) True, Jesus had always
priest and underpriests. That in Jesus' case been obedient to his heavenly Father, but
the period of three and a half years fol~ up to his coming to earth his obedience
lowing his baptism was a period of rigor~ was never really put to the test; being obe~
ous training is apparent from the above~ dient never cost him any suffering. To be
quoted words that "in the days of his flesh obedient to the will of his Father when he
Christ offered up supplications and also was the favored one in the heavenly realm
petitions . . . with strong outcries and was one thing, but to be obedient to his
tears." And even as Aaron and his sons Father's will when it meant shame, mental
were not to leave their place at the en~ anguish and physical suffering was sometrance of the tabernacle for seven days, so, thing quite different. So while he was on
correspondingly, Jesus Christ did not leave earth Jesus' obedience was tried in the fire,
his place of duty from the time of his bap~ as it were, and came out hardened, pertism at Jordan until his death on a torture fected, tempered as steel. An iron sword
stake. Further, just as at the end of the may be ftawles..<; and sharp but certainly a
seven days Aaron and his sons were fully sword of steel is far more durable and of
qualified for the priesthood, so Jesus Christ greater usefulness. So also Jesus' testing
at the end of his earthly ministry and by made his disposition so durable that God
Jehovah's raising him from the dead as a could highly ,exalt him and give him the
glorious divine creature was fully qualified, prize of immortality.~Phil. 2:5~1l.
perfected for his office as high priest.
This point becomes especially clear when
In support of this we read: "He was viewed in the light of Satan's boast to Jeobliged to become like his 'brothers' in all hovah that he could turn Job away from
respects, that he might become a merciful Him by subjecting Job to adversity and
and faithful high priest.. For in that suffering. Job had kept his integrity under
he himself has suffered when being put to favorable conditions, but only after his
the test, he is able to come to the aid of having been tested and tried was his inthose who are being put to the test." "For tegrity beyond dispute, perfected as it were.
we have as high priest, not one who can~ And so Satan could have argued the same
not sympathize with our weaknesses, but with regard to the Logos, the pre human
one who has been tested in all respects like Jesus. But he could no 10ngJr do so after
ourselves, but without sin."~Heb. 2:17, Jesus came to earth and learned obedience
from the things he suffered, for he con~
18; 4:15.
Yes, although Jesus was perfect as a tinued faithful in spite of all that Satan
spirit creature before he came to earth and and his agents could bring against him.
as a human creature from his birth to his Thereby Jesus' obedience was proved, demdeath, yet he required this training, this onstrated and perfected beyond any ques~
education, the disciplining and testing to tion or charge.
perfect him for his office as sympathetic
So from the foregoing we see how Jesus,
and merciful high priest, his Father com~ though born perfect as a human creature
pleting the perfecting of him by raising and remaining perfect in body and mind
him from the dead.
and sinless in thought, word and action,
There is yet another sense in which the was nevertheless perfected in his qualifiperfect Lord was made perfect and that cations to be high priest and in his obedi~
was in connection with his obedience. "He ence toward Jehovah God, in his integrity.
28
AWAKE!
+ The
Scandlnavla'Tour
On June 20 Russian pre
mier Nikita Khrushchev ended a fiveday visit in Denmark. The premier launched
his "charm offensive" with
goodwill speeches and grandfather talk. Some of his remarks, however, were not
regarded by the Danes to be
in good taste. For example; at
one time he .told a crowd of
about 3,000 shipyard workers
that they should pick a time
when big orders come in when
they decide to strike. He also
said the Danish farms were
too small. Observers noted
that the Danes have one of
the most hIghly developed
agricultural systems in the
world, while the Soviet Union
is suffering considerably from
farm failures. Danish premIer
Jens Otto Krag told the Russian leader that his analysis
was based on an outdated
ideology, that his remarks reo
minded him of Hans Christian
Andersen's fairy tales. When
an enthusiastic exchange developed between the two premiers, Danish Foreign Minister Per Haekerrup stepped
up with two glasses of champagne and tactfully suggested
that the leaders drink it before the fizz was gone. Leaving Denmark, Khrushchev
continued hIs tour into Norway and Sweden_
Getting Wanner
Pederson, a Norwegian chief polar route navigator, said that a ten-year
study of Arctic conditions has
proved conclusivcly that "everything is getting warmer."
"We have not yet established
why this Is so," Pederson said,
"but the facts are there. Glaciers and ice in the northcrn
hemisphere are melting slowly
but surely." Pederson has reportedly stated that in the last
40 years about 40 percent of
Arctic ice has been affected to
some degree by melting. Two
theories prevail as to why_
One is that there is a layer of
carbon dioxide around the
earth preventing the heat
from escaping into space. This
layer presumably has been
caused by the massive in
crease in world industry and
the use of the automobile. The
other theory has to do with
sun spots and heat originating
from the earth's core.
+ Einar
Tba.Ildorolde Warning
British scientist Dr. Cecilia
Lutwak-Mann warned that
men, as well as women, by
taking the tranquilizing drug
thalidomide, could risk deformities in their offspring.
Experiments at Cambridge
University, England, with
male rabbits showed, as reported in Science News Letter,
May 9. 1964, that "27 out of
40 rabbit matings showed
harmful effects of thalidomide
given to the males." Gross
malformations were found in
two litters. The death rate had
also been considerably higher.
World of Sonnd
.. How to control insects in
stored food products has been
an age-long problem. The
United States Dcpartment of
Agriculture scientists have
been experimenting with
sound waves. Moths in the
egg.laying stage have been
chosen as targets. After bombarding the eggs with sound
waves the scientists found
that two-thirds of the eggs
30
'erages
*' Drinkers
of alcoholic bevfrequently debate the
Insecticides and Martinis
'Destructive
*' A publiShed Associated
Press dispatch, dated June
Stonns
18,
stated that heavy rains and
fierce winds swept West Pakistan. Storms and floods rav
aged Hyderabad district. Dep
uty commissioner of the
Hyderabad district S. M. Wasim said that the fatalities
were high. There were some
228 persons counted dead in
the Hyderabad district and
more than 100 dead in the
nearby Thar Parkar district.
About 60,000 cattle were reported destroyed.
State of Emergency
22,
'weeks
*' On ofMay
following
racial strife, a state
of emergency was declared in
British Guiana, Britain's lone
posseSSion on the South
American continent. Three
weeks later, following the
death of a senior civil servant
and seven of his children
when terrorists set fire to his
home, the governor of the colony, Sir Richard Luyt, assumed powers to detain individuals under the emergency
regulations. Within a few days
over 30 persons were placed
in preventive detention, including the deputy premier
Brindley Benn and four other
members of the government.
This was the'third time in 27
months that a state of emer
gency had been declared in
this colony, one of the many
countries seeking independence from colonial rule.
Service Across the PacUlc
A new trans-PacIfic submarine cable was inaugurated on
June 19. The new cable
stretches from Japan to Hawaii, where it joins the old
line from Ha wall to San Fran-
'*'
AWAKE!
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me ............ cop(Y,esl or WIwm God 18 Khlg over All the Earth (each. 4d [for
All5trll.lla. 5d; for South AtrlClt., 311c : seven for 1/8 [tor Australia, 2/-; lor South AtrlClt., 17eD.
am enclosing
Street and Number
or Route and Box
Name
I
.oot
T_
AUGUST 8, 1964
.~""No. ...
Dlstrlet
. COunty .
31
Would Your
FAITH
Stand This
TEST?
..
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
.-
PlICa,/:, s{'nd me the 704-page hardbound book "Babylon the Great HaN Fallen I" God'~ Kinad()m
Rules! I am enclosing 5/6 (for Australla. 6/6: for South Africa. 55~1. ~'or matllng the coupon I
am to receh'e free the booklet Tak<! Courage-God's Kingdom Is at Hand!
Name,, __
Post
To~
________ ...........................
In: AUSTRAl-I A: 11 Ber<"sford Rd .. Strathneld. N.S.W. CANAOA: 160 Brldgeland Ave., Toronto 19, Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag 2, P.O. Elandsfontein, Transvaal. UNITEO STATES' 111 Adams St., llrooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
_(,
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N. H, KNORR. l're8ittent
3,950,000
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A .,r.., u.s.. 117 A~"''' st.rm. lIrook))'O. N.Y. 11201 $1
AII\I'.U .. 11 BerOll'onl Rd .. St.rotllft.M. N.S.W.
8/.
to ...... 150 Brldgoi.nd Mo., Toronto 19. Ont.
n
",,1ncrl~tIon rat..
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CHANGES If ADORUS l.o.ld .... h II thirty '''b.ll.. YOU' .lIm... doll. Gin .. )'0" or. lad "OW
(II _r,r.. yo.. .r. odd.. rab,n. Wrrb
Watch T....... Wollh Tow.. HOIII, TIM .r.~,
bod.n N, W. 1, blrand.
"d.OII
--- ,,-,,-----"'----CONTENTS
Parental Responsibility
13
Volume XL.V
Number 16
196.~
,LetJfll
When in the woods give attention to the
distinctive sOW1ds of the various birds. See
if you can distinguish one variety from
another. Listen to the woodpecker chipping his way into a tree, to the sounds of
the squirrels as they scamper about, to the
gurgle of a stream and to the sound of the
wind passing through needles of pine trees
or through the leaves of other trees. The
various sounds of a woodland contribute
to its beauty and its fascination for man.
But you miss much of the pleasure if you
do not listen to its distinctive sounds.
A real test of your ability to listen
comes when you sit in an audience that
is being addressed by a public speaker.
Whether his talk is for ten minutes or for
one hour, it usually is not easy to keep
your mind centered on what is said unless
he is an exceptionally good speaker. To
keeP your mind on a talk being delivered
by a less capable speaker requires effort.
Like a restless child who sits quietly for a
few minutes but then squirms and strives
to run off to do something else, the mind
strives to wander when a speaker lacks the
ability to hold its attention. For you to
learn from what he has to say, you must
"'''''LACK
THE
"".
Of
CHRISTIAN
THINKINO-.
"'Is?
because the only alternative is special creation, and that is unthinkable." But special
creation is not unthinkable to those who
do Christian thinking.
The entire tenor of the ostensibly Christian higher criticism is to disparage the
Hebrew Scriptures, but Jesus appealed to
them as his authority all through his
earthly ministry. Thus each time the
Tempter approached him Jesus countered
with, "It is written," even as he appealed
to the same Authority to show which is
the first and greatest commandment and
that the dead will have a resurrection.
Christian thinking is Christ's manner of
thinking, and that is in line with the inspired Word of his Father, Jehovah God.
-Matt. 4:4, 7, 10; 22:29-40.
large follow their selfish inclinations. Their tween religious life and community responpride, ambition and ruthless competition sibility, . . . or perhaps both... In eon~
stand in stark contrast to the mildness and eluding this way he is not far wrong, for
lowliness of mind that Jesus displayed and the materialistic and faithless appeals by
of which he spoke: "Come to me, all you commercialism to human weaknesses and
who are toiling and loaded down, and I selfishness, together with the failure of the
will refresh you. Take my yoke upon you religious leaders, because of their selfishand become my disciples, for I am mild~ ness or lack of faith and enlightenment, to
tempered and lowly in heart."-Luke 6: preach the truth of God's Word, without
doubt account for much of thE'! lack of
31; Matt. 11: 28, 29.
Jesus also set a high standard of sexual Christian thinking in Christendom.
morality. He taught
:Sut does this mean,
as Blamires states,
that "everyone that
ARTICLES IN 11IE NEXT ISSUE
keeps on looking at a
tha t there is no
Doe! Life Exist in Outer Space?
woman so as to have
i
Christian mind to be
... Why Do They Keep On Smoking?
a passion for her has
~
found today? Not at
Hnw Do They Think It in Spanish?
already committed
all. There is; a sim"Family B058 or Loving Husband?
adultery with her in
_! pie proof of this is to
his heart." But today
be seen in this very
popular entertainment in Christendom is magazine, Awake! While dealing with
to a great extent given over to this very many different topics in its various issues,
thing and some of its grossest forms come it relates all its information to the Chris~
from a land that is supposed to be 99 per~ tian mind; all its material is viewed in the
cent Christian, Roman Catholic, namely, light of the Bible. And devoted exclusively
Italy. Jesus also taught that the only to advancing Christian thinking on Biblical
subjects is its companion, the Watchtower
grounds for divorce with remarriage is
magazine. Each of these magazines is disadultery, but today divorces are being tributed to the extent of millions of copies
granted for all manner of specious rea- twice each month both by mail and by
sons: incompatibility, "mental cruelty," dedicated Christian ministers who give
and what not. What a lack of Christian evidence of having the Christian mind, of
thinking all such conduct betrays!-Matt. thinking Christianly on all subjects.
5:28; 19:3-9.
They give evidence of this by accepting
the Bible as the inspired Word of Go~, by
Why 18 Christian Thinking Lacking,
making known God's name and kingdom
and Where Can It Be Found? and by making the Christian ministry the
Why this lack of Christian thinking most important thing in their lives. By do~
among professed Christians? According to ing this they lay up treasures in heaven
a Chicago professor of Christian Ethics, and show where their mind, their heart,
the reasons for the present state of pro- is. If you would acquire Christian thinking
on life's questions and problems, ask for
fessedly religious denominations are:
assistance from one of these Christian wit
"(1) other forces have minimized, diluted nesses of Jehovah or write the publishers
or rendered meaningless the Bible insights of this magazine requesting someone to
as they pertain to Society, or (2) minis- call on you.
terial leadership has been unwilling or
.. Th6 Church and Faith in Mitt-Amerk:a-V. Ooonunable to make clear the relationship be- ""~.
&
AWAKEI
NON REASONING
TRAVELERS
BUT
Other Navigators
10
Celestial Navigation
Experiments by researchers have revealed the remarkable fact that the sun,
moon and stars are important factors in
the direction-finding ability of certain
creatures. Early in the 1950's investigators
such as G. V. T. Matthews of England and
Gustav Kl'amer of Germany tlU'ned up conVincing evidence that pigeons and wild
birds orient themselves by means of the
sun, using it as a compass.
While working with starlings, Kramer
discovered that their direction of flight in
a building could be altered by deflecting
sunlight through different windows by
means of mirrors. He also found that they
used the sun to locate a feeding station
they had been trained to look for in a particular direction. With their surroundings
screened off from them, all they could see
was the sky. On sunny days they found
the feeding station with no difficulty, but
on overcast days they hunted for it at
random.
An experiment performed with warblers
by another researcher, E. G. F. Sauer of
Switzerland, proved that they can orient
themselves not only by the SlU1 but also
by the stars. When migration time came,
caged warblers would invariably take up
the right direction of flight. The only clue
they had as to direction was the night sky
They watched it so closely that meteors
would cause a momentary change in their
direction of flight. Whenever the sky was
hidden by clOUds they became disoriented.
AWAKE}
Insects
By means of the sun or polarized light
from a patch of blue sky bees are able to
navigate their flights from flowers to hive
without losing their way. What is even
more remarkable is that a returning bee
informs other bees in the hive where it
has found food. This is done by a peculiar
dance that reveals the location of the food
by indicating its direction according to its
angle with the sun. The time of day is taken into account by the bee so that the
angle will be correct for other bees that
head for the spot. It adjusts its position
with the movement of the sun.
An experiment with an aviary placed in
a darkened shed revealed the effect of
polarized light upon bees. A wide tube that
opened on the sky was placed over the en~
11
12
AWAKE/
parts of
respect ~fo:r~;;~~~~~~~~~~~~~::::=
N MOST
the world
law and order has swiftly eroded in re
cent years. This lawless drift was well de
scribed by H. R. McKinnon, prominent
lawyer and member of the police commission of San Francisco, who said: "It requires no great effort to establish that disrespect for law is widespread, is alarming,
and is steadily growing worse."
Regularly, reports of public defiance of
governmental authority are heard from
Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
Defiance of the law is not limited to crimi~
naIs, but is indulged in by ordinary citi~
zens who would not consider themselves
lawless. One aspect of this was noted by
lawyer McKinnon when he stated: "Lately
a new development has begun to appear,
namely citizen participation in resistance
to arrest. Time and time again a police of~
flcer making an arrest finds himself surrounded by a group of bystanders who assist the suspect resisting arrest. In some
cases they have taken the suspect away
from the officer, sometimes before his
identification has been established, thus
nullifying the whole process. Sometimes
they attack the officer, with intent to in-
2~,
1964
Those in authority cannot shift their responsibility for conditioning the minds of
people for such defiance of the law. It must
be said that individual lawlessness is very
often a reflection of national and international lawlessness. Just as delinquent fathers and mothers are likely to produce
delinquent children, so, too, governments
that show disrespect for established law
and order share in large measure the responsibility for the lawlessness of their
citizens.
What inspiration for lawful behavior is
it when nations fabricate reasons for invading and plundering the territory of
their neighbor, killing and maiming thousands of innocents? In World War I about
65,000,000 people were mobilized in the
armed forces of the nations involved, and
during World War II more than 90,000,000,
according to The Encyclopedia. Americana.
When so many persons are trained to destroy property and lives on a wholesale
scale, they are being mentally conditioned
to do the same, even though on a lesser
scale, when they return from war. Since
brute force has been applied to solve problems on the international scale, it is not
so difficult for some to reason that the
same thing can be applied on an individual Other Poor Examples
scale.
Below the national level, local leaders
How can governments expect respect for also have contributed to the breakdown of
law when they themselves mock it? For law and order. When the United States Suinstance, in 1899 and 1907 two peace con- preme Court ordered schools desegregated,
ferences were held in The Hague, Nether- the governor of Alabama defied the cowt
lands; the first attended by twenty-six na- and troops had to be called out to enforce
tions and the second by fortY-four. Almost the integration order. In Prince Edward
all these nations were at war in 19141 In County, Virginia, local officials closed down
AWAKE)
the schools for five years rather than submit to the law! When governors and other
high officials defy the highest law of the
land, then lesser persons consciously or illlconsciously feel they can do the same.
Adding another voice to the justification
of defying the law, though supposedly in
support of human rights, was none other
than Adlai E. Stevenson, United States
representative at the United Nations. He
stated that with American students participating "in the great struggle to advance
civil and human rights, even a jail sentence is no longer a dishonor but a proud
achievement." Thus, defying the law is
made a thing of honor. But who is to say
when individuals will do the same over
other issues that they may consider right,
but that others, perhaps the greater majority, including the law, may consider
wrong?
The Supreme Court of the United States
also ruled against permitting Bible reading
and prayers for worship in public schools.
But many insist that their schools must
have these, and work against the law.
Such ones fail to see the great harm they
do by their resistance and rebellion against
law. Their poor example and disrespect for
law waters it down in the eyes of others,
especially young ones. What such persons
fail to appreciate is that the court does not
say Bible reading and prayer are wrong!
The court merely states that they should
not be forced on children, for some are of
different faiths and may object. Actually,
religious instruction should be given in the
home primarily, and that by the father
and mother. Without this, compulsory Bible reading and prayer in school have little
effect, as has already proved to be the case.
Religion must also take its share of the
blame for lawlessness. In South America,
as well as elsewhere, the number of children born out of wedlock is staggering. In
some lands more than 70 percent of all
AUGUST SJl, 1964
Heroes
Another reason for the lawless nature of
many people today was typified by this
"wise saying" in a newspaper recently:
"Fools make rules; great men break them."
This implies that it is an honorable thing
to break the law. And is it not true that
many of the past and present leaders of
nations,who are singled out as "great men,"
"heroes," fall into the category of rulebreakers, yes, lawbreakers? Some of the
most prominent national "heroes" were
artd are revolutionaries, those who showed
utter disregard for the established law
and who organized violent revolutions that
took the lives of many, including the
innocent.
In the United States, George Washington is hailed as the "father of his country."
He was a revolutionary. In Russia, Lenin
is revered. He masterminded the Bolshevik revolution. Between 1933 and about
1943 or 1944, who was considered the
greatest man in Germany? Hitler! He, too,
had revolted against the established order.
What effect does this have on law and
order? The masses of ordinary people are
led to believe that, since their hero was a
revolutionary, or a great conqueror, then
strife, violence and disregard for the lives
of others is proper under given conditions.
But what conditions? What one person
considers the proper condition for his rioting, revolution and killing, another may
not.
15
In Hitler's case, his conquests condi- laws governing human affairs. The result
tioned many of his people to commit hei- is just as was predicted in the Bible:
nous crimes. Were all those who carried "There is no truth nor loving-kindness nor
out such crimes viewed as criminals? By knowledge of God in the land. There are
no means! Of such ones, Charles Wighton the pronouncing of curses and practicing
states in his book Heydrich, Hitler's Most of deception and murdering and stealing
Evil Henchman: "They include lawyers, and committing of adultery that have brouniversity professors and intellectuals and, ken forth, and acts of bloodshed have
as was stated at Nuremberg, 'they con- touched other acts of bloodshed." (Hos.
sisted of a group of well-educated, well- 4:1, 2) The apostle Paul foretold that in
bred men, most of them from devout fami- these last days "wicked men and impostors
lies.' The other ranks were drawn partly will advance from bad to worse." (2 Tim.
from the SS but still more from the regu- 3:13) Jesus Christ also foretold "the inlar police forces throughout the Third creasing of lawlessness" in our time.
Reich."
-Matt. 24: 12.
Should all of this make you throw up
Thus, the world trend toward delinquency and anarchy is sparlred by the idolizing your hands and forget about trying to be
of men who have made disregard for the lawful? By no means! The one who wants
law a way of life. It is a preparing of the to do what is right in God's sight will reminds of the yOilllg to rise up against spect law and order and will not pennit
their elders in delinquent acts. What their himself to get sucked into the delinquent
fathers did on a national level they can do ways of lawless ones. He will not allow
on a local or home level when they do not himself to be duped into thinking that by
like the established law or procedure. It'is taking the law into his own hands, by riotsad but true that men of peace are rarely ing or committing murder, he will help to
the greatest "heroes" that the rising gen- correct what is bad. Instead, he will seek
to obtain justice through the due process
eration seeks to copy.
of law in whatever country he lives. If this
God's Law8
is lacking, then the law-abiding one leaves
The basic reason for such defiance of the matter in God's hands, confident that
law today is that man has forsaken God's He will execute justice in His due time.
PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
"Youthful criminality is one of our fastest
growIng and most serious problems," accord
ing to John Edgar Hoover, director of the
FBI. Hoover warned:
''There is one common denominator in the
background of almost all youthful criminals
-parental neglect."
He blamed soft law enforcement as next
most reprehensible.
Reporting the situation in Family magazine,
the FBI director urged parents to take to
heart these suggestions:
"Maintain a strong family relationship with
proper respect for parental authority are
qu1rement of your children.
16
i
i
i
i
AWAKE!
Portuguese Embassy
lNJtite6 . flwtTkef
PoRTUGUESE EMBASSY
WASHINGTON
PRoe. 4,26
NO.395
16 JUNE 1964
THE EDITOR
"AWAKE"
11201
DEAR SIR:
17
18
cc:
A W AKBI
JEHOVAH'S
WITNESSES
Upon receipt of the foregoing letter from the Portuguese Embassy, Grant Suiter, Secretary~
Treasurer of Ihe Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc" publisher of the
Awake! magazine, sent the following open letter of reply. After reo ding it, you may want
to write again to the Portuguese Embassy in Washington, or to olher Portuguese government officials. It would be a fine thing to let them know how you feel about this matier.
..... ,"
' . . . 0
19
witnesses are not endeavoring to undermine the security of any nation. Their activities are not subversive. They remain
separate from politics, as Christ Jesus explained at John 17:14, and confine their
activities to preaching the good news of
God's kingdom for which all Christians
20
21
22
24
~f!
SECRETARY~TREASURER,
AWAKEI
"Nine-Night" and
"Forty Days"
Observance of proper rites
at a person's death, they I:Je..
lieve, will set the spirit free
from its earthly home and
reduce the danger of future
hauntings. Included in the
ri tual is the practice of
"nine-night." For eight
nights friends and relatives
gather at the home of the bereaved family to sing hymns.
In many cases, games are
played and stories tol~ to
cheer up the family. On the
ninth night, all relatives,
friends and neighbors of the deceased
person must be there without fail, for on
that night his spirit makes the final
check and must be satisfied that due
homage has been rendered. Anyone missing may expect trouble from him in the
future. Until midnight there is monotonous but vociferous hymn singing, but
with the supper and a generous portion
of rum, provided by the family of the
deceased, the gathering changes tone and
pace, 'and dancing, singing and drumming continue until dawn. Then the
house is swept, possessions of the dead
are given to relatives, boiled unsalted
rice and rum are thrown out, and, it Is
said, the spirit recognizes that it is time
to go. He is no longer welcome.
25
"Duppy Setting"
Diseases, major or minor, and misfortune in business or in love are also believed
to be the responsibility of the duppies, and
this is where the obeahman comes in. On
payment of a fee, he will "set a duppy" on
any designated victim. In a small bag he
may put such objects as pieces of broken
glass, chicken bones or feathers, blood~
smeared rags, nails and, if possible, a per~
sonal possession of the victim. This bag,
having had mysterious incantations mut~
tered over it, will be buried in the yard or
left near the victim's home. Imagine, now,
the poor fellow, possibly on his way home
after a day's work cutting cane or cultivat~
ing yams. He is weary, but quite happy
and relaxed because his work
is done. But now he spots the
bag. What is this? Obeah!
Terror grips his heart. Beads
of perspiration break out all
over him. Trembling, he sinks
to the ground, face buried in
his hands. "Wha' fe do?" he
groans. All is lost. There is no
hope. Death is certain. But
stop! "Perhaps there is a way.
Find an obeahman!" he rea~
sons. And off he scurries to
the same one or another to get
relief and vengeance! Now the
obeah man, the master, can
pJay one against the other,
holding them in his power and extracting
26
You are eyeing those church buildings. inside and outside the meetinghouse. It is
Yes, some of them have been there for a not a very imposing structure, but that is
long time, at least a long time in relation not important. Let us look inside. The man
to Jamaica's history. Did you know that in white, wearing the turban, is the leader
Columbus dedicated this lovely island to or "shepherd." You notice that behind him
"the Most Holy Trinity"? That was in on the raised platform are pictures of Je1494 and so Jamaica remained a 'Catholic sus and some saints, a wooden cross and
island until the church was proscribed from some flowers. The altar is not on the plat1655 to 1792. In 1662 the Church of En- form, but down in the wide center aisle.
gland became the established church with It is simply a table bearing an open Bible
the support and under the control of the and some flowers. The benches nearest it
government. Endowment lasted untU1870. are occupied by a group of women, also
However, keep in mind that in those early wearing white and with their turbans
days, the church confined its activities to wound high like the leader's. These are his
the planters and estate owners, Christiani- assistants.
ty was not thought suitable for slaves. It
The service begins. Pra)'el', Bible readwas not until the end of the eighteenth ing, testimony giving and sermon, while
century that the teachings of Christendom emotional and while laboring on the sinreached the slave population, and this fulness of the world, are not too unusual
through the efforts of the nonconformist except for the repeated interruptions of
missionaries. Then "Christian" elements the audience. Shouting and groaning to
were superimposed on African beliefs, re- show their approval, they have entered
sulting in cults similar to the one we are right into the service itself. Then as they
about to visit.
sway and clap their hands, the assistants
Today nearly every religion known to begin moving about the altar, grunting
Christendom is represented in Jamaica, as rhythmically. Goaded on by the shepherd,
well as a Hindu samaj, a Jewish synagogue the shuffling gyrations gain momentum
and a Moslem mosque. Religion of one sort and the grunts gain volume. Eyes take on
or another is very much a part of the life a glassy look. Some are closed. GraduallY
of the people of this island. Atheism, even a trancelike state replaces the frenzy.
Glance around at the congregation. Drops
skepticism, is almost unknown.
For some time you have been conscious of sweat wet every brow. Emotions are
of the beating of drums. That has been tense. Some succumb and fall to the ground.
the signal to the community that a service The shepherd's voice rises above the grWlts
is being held tonight. The churches we invoking the spirits to come, the spirit of
have passed would seem to qualify Jamaica Jesus, the spirit of Moses and even the
for a place on Christendom's roll caIl, but spirit of the earth, The white-clad group
what you are about to see is something are overcome. Falling to the ground, they
less orthodox. We just follow this path writhe in agony, and the grunting turns ttl
through to the clearing, and here we are. moans and sobs.
Back outside, the air seems much cooler
Notice the bamboo pole with the shelf
in
contrast with the heat being generated
over there near the door. The glass of water and the white flowers you see on it are inside the meeting place. How can they
the cult leader's means of contacting and keep going at such a pace? Some do it by
receiving messages from the spirit world. smoking ganga, a form of Indian hemp,
As usual there are many people here, both before the service begins. Thus fortified.
AUGUS'I' !!, 1964
27
AWAKE!
+ In
Dlexlco
An isolated mountain area
~e S~e9
29
30
Satan's Vandals
A secret fraternity, called
the "Cov("nant of the 73rd De
mon," located in America's
state of Oklahoma, ran into
trouble with the pollee on June
24. Teen-age devotees professed
devotion to Satan the Devil.
To prove their loyalty to Satan the youths vandalized local churches. Vandalism was a
part of the group's ritual, police said, by means of which
the teen-agers "released their
souls to the prince of darkness." The incidents called for
ripping up Bibles, spilling bap
tismal water, turning crosses
upside down. One report stated
that animal sacrifices were
also included in the fraternity's ritual and that the boys
were planning to exhume a
human body.
Typhoon Winnie
<$> Not since 1882 has Manila
been so battered by winds and
rain as it was on June 30, On
that day Typhoon Winnie with
118-mile-anhour winds ripped
northern Luzon, kfUing 19 and
injuring at least 273. Property
damage ran into the millions
of dollars. The Philippine Red
Cross said some 376,000 persons were made homeless by
the winds and the heavy rains.
In west Japan torrential'
rains soaked the land, causing
fioods that resulted in the
death of at least five persons;
some 3,000 were reported
homeless.
AWAKE!
of authority."
com.
Meat Eaten
Adam and Eve were vegetarIans, but one thing is certain, moat Americans are not.
They are expected to eat a
total of 170~ pounds of meat
per person this year, or some
32,700,000,000 pounda! The
United States Department of
Agriculture expects Americans to eat an extra 3 to 4
pounds of beef in 1964. This
Is on top of last year's 5-pound
increase.
WATCH TOWER
TME RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
PlelL5e !end. me ....,....... COD(y, -Its) of Slo()ri. Merikl1t8 IJ1Id tILe Low of God (each. 4d {t'()r
Aulltralla. 5<1: tor South Atria, 3ie]: seven tor 118 [tor Australia, 2/-; tor South Africa, 17e]).
I am enclosIng
Street and Number
or Route and Box .
Name .........
""'''''
31
.."..""------"",-""".",,..-"...""'.-.-"'''''''-''...'''..''-...........................,.,.....-....-....-..............-..-.....--",...-,.
-",~""
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the beautifully Illustrated hardbound book From Paradi8e L08t to Paradill6
Regained. I am enclosing 5/6 (for Australia, 6/6; lor South Africa. 55c).
Name ...... .
Pm'
Town
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 BereSford Rd., Strathfield, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 Brldgeland Ave . Toronto 19, Ont. SOUTH
AFRICA: PrIvate Bag 2, P.O. Elands!onteln, Tranavaal. UNITEO STATES: 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
A WAKJi'!
PAGE
SEPTEMBER 8, 1964
21
ENGLAND aY
4,000,000
om...
for .. mlmonthIy ,dlUon.
Anorl.a. U.S., 111 Ad.rn, SIr .. I. lIrooldyo, N.Y. 11201 $1
A"t.. I1I, 11 B..,",.TII Rd., StrllbH.ld. N.S.W.
S/
C_nlda. 150 BrI!l&o1.nd Aoe., Toronll> 19. Ont.
$1
Enillud, Walth Tower Ho.""
Tho
LODdoa N.W. r
T/
NIW rlliand. 621 II .... North Rd., AlIOl<llnd S.W. 1
r;.
IiWIIth Alrlll, Prlo.to HOI 2, \,.0. Elandofontoln. 1'f1.
7Go
(llonthlJ edition' eaat bill tho ob ... rot... l
.... Itkn ... for ,.,bscrlpU."" mould b. "nt to the .m.. In
l'Ou, ,ounl!y. OIherwl....nd )'00' remltt"""" to Brooklyn.
Noll" 01 .~,Irltl.n Is ....1 at I t 1". h ..... bol,,..
aubo"tptlOJl uplJ,,'.
Ill"""'"
Panbh.
tllltdl.
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W.t.h
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Th. BI_l. tran,flU" ,...larly ... d ,. "AWlu!" I. tho Now World Tran'latlon .. ttll H.ty
Wh ... Ilhor trln,JII1.n' lro .Sei'. tIIb 11 doarly rUtl.
Sool~t ......
1961 edItIOR.
CONTENTS
Family Boss or Loving Husband?
21
27
13
17
2S
ao
Volume XL-V
Number 17
Do
there, shoes kicked off here, he gobbles weekly meeting at the workshop where the
down the meal without noticing anything boss delivers a short speech that no one
different, then sinks back in the armchair would dare to miss but in which no one is
buried in a newspaper. What a disappoint- interested. The family can always be comment! If only he had said something that mended for getting together on time and
showed a little appreciation. It would have for the good comment.') that they make.
required very little effort, and it would The discussion must be kept lively and
have meant so much. Empathy, putting practical. The children, for instance, go to
oneself in the place of the other person, school and mix with a wide variety of othmakes all the difference. It can turn a er children. What problems do they face?
bosslike head into a loving husband. How can the information studied be of help
An inspired writer
to them? What is
needed is not just an
of the past made
academic
approach
clear that this is a
Youthful Indifference Leads to
Adult Failure.
but one that takes in
basic factor to keep
What Has Nationalism Done to Mankind?
each member of the
in mind in exercising
Protect Yourself Against
Fraudulent Business Practices.
family and his indihusbandly headship.
To Wed or Not to Wed?
vidual needs. Such a
He wrote: "A husBible discussion can
band is head of his
wife," and he added, "Husbands ought to be very upbuilding, and one to which all
be loving their wives as their own bodies. will look forward.
He who loves his wife loves himself LbeThis points up an important fact about
cause they are one flesh since marriage], a happy home environment. It comes
for no man ever hated his own flesh; but he about, not regardless of what the family
feeds and cherishes it." (Eph. 5:23, 28, 29) head does, but because of what he does.
Or, as Jesus Christ put it, we 'should do to How much effort do you expend in this be.
others as we would like them to do to us.' half? Have you become jUst a mechanical
(Matt. 7:12) Such a simple rule, but so breadwinner, or do you have a genuine love
difficult for some to apply. It is as the for your wife and children? You may be
West German magazine Kristall comment- very generous, showering your wife with
ed: "In place of the understanding fatherly gifts and yet notice that there is not the
type, we now have the rushed robot that same response as there used to be. Perarrives home from work worn out and un- haps she feels that your gift-giving has beapproachable." All right, so you have been come perfunctory. If this is the case, use
pushed around all day, but why make your a little more initiative, giving a gift when
home as Wlpleasant as the place where you it is not expected. It is not that the gift
work? Why not make it a place where is an expensive one, but it comes as a surthere is an atmosphere of love and mutual prise and says, "Thank you, Darling, for
refreshment?
all the effort and cooperation in making
In a commendable effort in this direc- our home such a happy place." By taking
tion, many fathers have come to appreciate your responsibility seriously, always havthe need for some religious activity in the ing empathy, commending wherever poshome, and set aside time each week for sible, and being alert to ways of showing
a family Bible discussion. Care must be appreciation, you can avoid the repuexercised, though, to see that this does not tation of being a family boss, and show
become simply a duty performed, like a that you really are a loving husband.
AWAKE!
D outer
space? Science-
Earth. "The basic reason for my optimism," he wrote in Harpers magazine, "is
that if we do establish contact with an exosociety [a society outside the solar system]
it is probable that their technology is more
adVanced than ours. We may find that we
are dealing with vastly brighter beings."
Interstellar Warnings
Sebastian von Hoerner, of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut in Heidelberg,
Germany, thinks that more "advanced"
planets may have been through cycles of
self-destruction and would have something
to say to Earth's young civilization now
approaching a great crisis. Writing in
Science, a technical magazine published by
the American Association for the Advancement of Science, he said: "The civilizations
we find will very probably be much older
than we are, and they will be more advanced. Our chance of learning from them
might be considered the most important
incentive for our search." Time magazine,
commenting on Von Hoerner's views, suggested that perhaps there is "an old, wise
civilization that has survived many crises
and is trying to warn the callow earth
against the mistakes of its own youth."
Professor Shapley says: "The high probability of the existence of senses, and of
sense organs, now unknown to man is proposed. Their existence is indeed so reasonable as to seem axiomatic .... Many realities may lie beyond the comprehension of
hwnan terrestrials, simply because our outfitting of sense organs is limited."
Dr. Lapp adds: "Think of the knowledge we could gain if planet X is far advanced and is already familiar with the
discoveries, inventions, and evolutionary
steps which are still in our future. Think
of the impact which such knowledge could
have upon our lives, upon our philosophy
and our religion. These matters are now
6
10
11
seems too far off. One teen-ager just beginning to smoke said: "Nobody young
worries much about some disease they
might get 40 or 50 years from now." Death
from lung cancer seems remote to those
who have not seen a person die from it. A
twenty-year-old girl told a reporter: "Look,
I don't know anybody that's ever died from
smoking." Many are undoubtedly indiffer~
ent to the consequences until they come
face to face witl1 grim reality, much as the
story goes about the simple man who was
sentenced by a judge in April to be hanged
in July. He took the news carelessly and
was turning to go back to his cell when a
thought suddenly occurred to him. Turning
back to the judge, he asked, "You don't
mean this coming July, do you, Judge?"
Many are so indifferent to the conse-quences that even when the danger is im~
mediate, they still puff away heedlessly. In
his book Smoking and Health~ Dr. Alton
Ochsner tells about a patient with Buer~
ger's disease who was warned of the dan~
ger of amputation if he did not stop smok~
ing. But the doctor had to amputate. "Nor
is mine a rare experience," he writes. "A
well-known physician has remarked: 'I
marvel how intelligent individuals calmly
go about killing themselves.' He, too, had
... patients who, despite repeated warn~
ing$ to stop smoking, preferred to lose
their legs rather than give up the cigarette
habit.... Why, indeed, are smokers so in~
tent on suicide? . . . How anyone could
read these statistics and yet continue to
smoke will also always be utterly bewiIder~
ing to me."
One explanation why they keep on smok~
ing must lie in the general attitude of great
numbers of persons toward moral values
and life itself. This is illustrated by the
words of a doctor explaining why he con~
12
tinue~
AWAKE/
13
tea neverr
Different Viewpoint
Besides expressiveness, Spanish often
reveals a different way of looking at everyday activities, sometimes with irrefutable
logic behind it. In English, when someone
calls you, you reply, "I'm coming." But the
Spanish-speaking person asks, "How can
I be coming when I am not yet there? You
can come to me, but in order to get where
you are I must go to you, not come." So
he logically responds to your summons,
"There I am going" ("Alld voy"). Similar
reasoning gives him a generous outlook.
We often say we must "take steps" to accomplish some project. But steps do not
come to you nor do they just wait to be
picked up and carried away. You must expend energy, reasons our Spanish friend,
and so he "gives steps." In many such expressions, Spanish "gives" where English
"takes."
The Spanish language does allow one to
"take" some things, however. Decisions,
for instance. The Latin feels that when
decisions are presented, they are already
created and you merely choose among possibilities already in existence. So instead
of "making a decision" he "takes the de-
14
Similar Viewpoints
That the human race is one family with
a common ancestry and common experience is reflected in common expressions
that are almost the same in different languages, some almost unchanged, others
with slight but revealing differences. In
English, for example, you can reject an
obviously unreasonable offer by saying, "I
wasn't born yesterday," whereas in Span~
ish the intended victim retorts, "I'm not
in diapers" ((No estoy en panales"). If
the deceptive rascal happens to be a thief
as well, he will have "sticky fingers" in
English and be "long of nails" in Spanish.
You can also warn your friends of such a
villain without a word by simply making
a gesture like a cat extending its claws,
and they will immediately look well to
their purses.
When the North American is "just a
step from" home, his Honduran neighbor
will be "at two steps from" home. And
what the former "takes to heart" the lat
ter "takes to breast." However, the slight
differences in some ideas show a different
way of life, a different setting for a similar
experience. For instance, one who sleeps
soundly in English may be so inert and
motionless as to "sleep like a log." But
have you ever seen a child asleep, com
pletely relaxed, with his legs sprawled at
incredibly awkward angles? If so, you
A WAKE/
Extemion of Viewpoint
15
Practical Wisdom
Many Spanish sayings show practical,
down-to-earth observations, and many are
in harmony with Bible principles. The importance of rearing children correctly is
graphically illustrated in this expression:
"Raise crows and afterward they will pluck
out your eyes." The truth of this observa-
It is reported in the book Language jor Everybody that there are 2,796
languages in the world. Which language is used by the largest number of
persons? Why, it is Mandarin, spoken by 505,000,000, mostly in China.
English, which comes next, is spoken by 294,000,000 persons. And Spanish,
a little farther down the list, is the language of 159,000,000 persons.
16
AWAKE!
ORSHIPED
"RIPPLING
RIVER
SEPTEMBER 8, 1964
17
18
yearly to paper mills. Their conversion into htgh-quality paper requires more water
daily than is used by the capital city of
Edmonton with a population of about 280,000 persons!
An abundance of cheap electricity is a
vital factor in the growth and development
of industry. Again rivers step in to serve
man's needs. Harnessed by dams, their waters are used to turn huge turbines that
generate billions of kilowatts of electricity
daily, and their potential has hardly been
tapped. There are tens of thousands of rivers around the globe that can be utilized
for the production of electricity.
Just as industries are greatly indebted
to rivers for their supply of cheap electricity, so too are they aided by the inexpensive transportation they provide. Most of
the large industrial centers of the world
are located where there is easy access to
river highways. These help keep factories
supplied with the needed raw materials
and carry away the finished products. One
of the busiest rivers in the world, the
Rhine, links the famous Ruhr industrial
area with Belgian and Dutch ports and is
a principal outlet of Europe's system of inland waterways. The "beautiful blue Danube," thought of by many only in terms
of music and romance, plays a more important role as one of the main commercial arteries of Europe. Rising in the Black
Forest of Germany, its some 1,750 miles
of rolling waters serve as a means of water
transportation for eight nations before finally emptying into the Black Sea.
We must not think, though, that river
transportation is of benefit only to agriculture and industry. In many parts of the
world, rivers serve as the sale means of
travel and communication to otherwise tnaccessible regions. Much of the Amazon
basin would be virtually impenetrable were
it not for the Amazon River and its more
than 200 tributaries. Ocean steamers can
AWAKE/
KO as far as Iqultos, Perut 2t aDO miles up- cellent example is the Tennessee River.
stream. In New Guinea, rivers keep is0- Once treacherous ana. aestructive, it can
lated native villagers in touch with the out- now be turned off "just like a faucet .. aue
side world. Countries like Burma and
Thailand with few good roads depend heavJy on rivers. Water routes in Thailand
handle about 80 percent of all internal
tra1lIc.
Floods and Flood Control
Although rivers have proved to be man's
good friend and valuable servant, they can
turn into powerful and feared enemies at
floodtime, causing much destruction of
property and lives. One of the most devastating floods man has ever experienced occurred in 1927 when the Mississippi and all
its chief tributaries went on a rampage at
the same time, flooding an area of thousands of square miles and leaving about
100,000 people homeless. In some places
the Mississippi broadened to eighty miles,
carrying away houses and burying fanns
under eighteen feet of muddy water. People and animals were trapped and drowned.
Undaunted by what may be considered
an overwhelming task, man has pitted his
brains against the tremendous forces unleashed at floodtime and has succeeded in
taming many rivers. Trees have been
planted on bare mountain slopes to retard
the flow of water. Tidal rivers have been
dredged to increase their depth and facilitate the passage of floodwater. NatW'al,
and in some cases artificial, obstructions
are removed, enabling the floodwaters to
pass more rapidly and lowering their
height. Flood-prediction services on many
rivers are able to foretell the arrival and
height of floods with remarkable accuracy
and telegraph timely warnings ahead.
one of the most effective measures has
been the building of dams across upper val
leys of rivers. These not only help reduce
th,e height of floods but at the same time
provide for the storage of water. An exSl<!'P'1'RMR1i]R
8, 1964
Provides Pleasure
Although rivers do at times present
problems, these are overshadowed by far
by the services they provide tIS. However,
the role of the river is not limited to providing us with practical benefits. Think of
the immense enjoyment and pleasure it affords us, its sparkling waters becoming a
playground where We can swim, fish, go
boating, water-skiing, or just laze around
in the SWl on its shores. In its wanderings,
it brings this playground within the reach
of numberless people.
Could anything be more tempting on a
hot summer's day than a dip in a cool,
tree_shaded river? Or if you prefer to
fish, what lovelier spot could you find than
a beautiful, unspoHed mountain stream?
As for boating, rivers attract pleasure
craft of all types, including sailboats where
the currents are not swift. For a pleasant
19
AWAKE!
HAVE
HEN doctors in
Miami, Florida,
recently told Mrs. Regina Sovner she should
have her gangrenous leg amputated, she
refused. Hospital officials then brought suit
for permission to operate. Judge H. P.
Dekle issued a court order authorizing the
operation. The patient was forced to have
her leg amputated despite her strenuous
objections.-New York Daily News, July
20, 1964.
When a 14-year-old girl contracted cancer of the hip, an operation was recommended by Cleveland, Ohio, doctors. Her
mother objected. Hospital authorities then
obtained a court order from Judge W. G.
Whitlatch and performed the operation
anyway.-Toronto Globe and Mail, Nov.
12, 1963.
When a 25-year-old woman, one of Jehovah's witnesses, was told she needed a
blood transfusion, she refused to accept it.
Thereupon doctors at a Washington, D.C.,
hospital obtained a court order from Judge
J. S. Wright and forced her to take the
treatment against her will.-Washington
Post, Feb. 5, 1964.
RIGHTS?
21
22
AWAKEI
23
Personal Responsibility
All these facts forcefully demonstrate
that, while medical science helps greatly to
alleviate man's ills, it still cannot be regarded as infallible. It shows the need for
the individual to retain his God-given right
of personal freedom to accept or reject
medical treatment as he sees fIt. It also
shows the folly of making medical opinions the law of the land, which is what is
done when courts back up doctors' recommendations in the face of objections by
patients.
True, a patient may die if he does not
accept the recommended treatment. But
it is just as true that many who do accept recommended treatments die anyway,
some even as a result of the treatment
suggested. The point here is that there is
no guarantee of success. That is why the
final decision to accept or reject a specific
treatment must be retained by the individual. As a Bible principle says: "Each one
will carry his own load." (Gal. 6:5) Thus,
if the patient's decision is wrong, he, and
he alone, must accept the consequences.
That is his responsibility as a free moral
agent. But once his right to decide is taken
away from him, he is no longer free, but
is a slave of a state, court, hospital or
doctor.
Especially must personal choice be re~
spected when an individual's decision is
based on religious grounds, as in the case
of blood transfusion. If a person chooses to
respect the Bible's command to "abstain
... from blood" and to "keep yourselves
free from ... blood," then it should be his
right to do so. (Acts 15:20, 29) Look at
it this way too. Would you drink a cup of
human blood freshly drawn from another
person's body? Normal persons are revolted at the thought. Then why insist on pour24
The logic of this editorial cannot be denied. Where does the invasion of personal
freedom end? Is a person to have himself
dismembered piece by piece in spite of his
25
26
treatment when he or she refused to 8.ecept the same." The hospital's attorneys
then appealed to the New Jersey Supreme
Court, which, on June 17, ruled that, since
an unborn child was involved, a blood
transfusion could be ordered. The Court
provided for a guardian even though she
had a competent husband. On June 25 her
guardian (not her husband) ordered one
pint of blood as she was delivered of her
child by Caesarean section.
27
28
29
30
AWAKEI
......
Do you take the origin and background of your religion for
granted? Are you confident that its teachings and practices
are fully supported by the Bible? Would you be surprised
to learn that a vast system of false worship has grown up
with its roots in a city that flourished thousands of years
ago? Where does your religion fit into this picture? You
should know the facts! Be sure! Read:
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
I am enclosing 5/6 (for Australia, 6/6: tor South Africa, :55,,). Please send me at once the
revoo.lIng 704.page hardbound book "Babylon t/!,e Great Has Fallen!" God'8 Kingdom Rul88!
Also, I am to receive tree the timely booklet W1t8n GOd Speak8 Peooe to AU Natwrul.
Name
'Town .
Po"
BI!JPT1fJMB1fJR 8, 1964
P~toJ
31
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me The Watchtower lor one year So that I can read the princIpal talks 01 the 1964
"Fruitage at the Spirit" Assemblies at Jehovah's Witnesses along with many other timely and
prOfitable articles on Bible subjects. I am enclosing 7/- (tor Australia, 8/; for South AtrlCII., 7Oc).
Name.
p~t
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In: AUSTFIALIA: 11 B",r"",ford Rd'J Strathfteld, N.S.W. CANADA, 150 Brldgeland Ave., Toronto 19, Ont. SOUTH
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AWAKEI
PAGE
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CONTENTS
Do You Really Know?
Youthful Indifferenc(, Lf'aris to Adult
Failure
What Has Nationalism Done
to Mankind?
TV Drama and the Spon:;;or
Protect Your::;('!f Against Fraudulent
Busine~s Practices
,
.,
,
13
14
17
20
21
25
26
Z7
29
Number 18
;us
cient knowledge, men sometimes reach different conclusions. These are printed in
reputable books and magazines, and conflicting ideas are thus presented. So, can
you truthfully say you really know for
sure, even when you have a reputable
source for your information?
A mature, wise person will take into
consideration that the conclusions of men
are at times incorrect. He will therefore
not be dogmatic. He will be reasonable, and
will recognize that there may be more to
the subject than just what he has heard or
read. For instance, one person may have
learned from authoritative sources thatthe
queen honeybee mates with only one drone
bee on her mating flight. Yet another
person may have read the Scientific American of April 1964, which says that she
mates "successively with several drones
(on the wing)." There are endless similar examples of where observations and
studies made by learned men yield different conclusions.
Another thing to consider is that many
persons in this world are interested in furthering their own ends, and so endeavor
to keep up the appearance of knowing it
all when they really do not. In certain
parts of the world, for instance, whole communities have been misinformed, and often
exploited, by those who only pretend to
know. In some of such places the literate
person is considered practically infallible.
Everything he says is believed without
question, because, as it is said, 'He reads
the book.' This is true particularly in certain African countries; but, surprisingly,
quite similar conditions exist in places
where nearly everyone is literate.
In the Western world the pronouncements of men of science are likewise
viewed as almost infallible. When a scientist makes an announcement, observed Anthony Standen jn his book Science 18 a
LEADS
HEN the family automobile is success later on in life. In the same way
wrecked and the passengers are in you can show yourselves to be wise if you
the hospital, it is too late to take to heart also listen to instruction in your youth.
what your father said about obeying traf- Only by doing so will you be prepared to
fic laws. After such a calamity you may lead successful adult lives.
regret that you were indifferent to the
It would be wise, therefore. to examine
counsel and warnings you received. But yourself. Do you listen to what those who
the harm has already been done. The situa- are older and more experienced have to
tion is simi1a~ when a girl ignores her par- say? Or do you call them "old fogies" beents' counsel on proper conduct, only to cause you feel that their outlook on life is
learn that she is to become mother to an outdated? For instance, what attitude do
illegitimate baby. With some 250,000 Wl- you take toward affairs around the home?
married girls in the United States bearing
babies each year, one can bc sure that Around the Home
many of them regret that they were inYour home is a training center to predifferent to parental instruction.
pare you for adult life. Here habits and
Although many younger persons may behavior patterns are formed that will be
not realize it now, the effects of youthful either beneficial or detrimental to you
indifference are certain to be felt later on when you grow up. They will determine
in life. Such indifference is almost certain whether you will develop into a mature,
to lead to trouble and, in many instances, respectable man or woman, or will remain
even death. Therefore, it is vitally impor- childish and immature in your ways. Cer4
tant to heed the advice of the inspired Bi- tainly a fully grown adult who still acts
ble proverb: "A wise person will listen and like a baby is a failure! So ask yourself:
take in more instruction, and a man of "Is my attitude toward affairs around the
understanding is the one who acquires home preparing me for a successful adult
skillful direction."-Prov. 1:5.
life? Am I listening and taking in inTo be successful in life a person needs to struction ?"
pay attention to instruction when he is
Consider the matter of neatness and
young. It is not wise to take an indifferent, "know-it-all" attitude. Accomplished cleanliness. Most parents try to teach
musicians, skilled surgeons and outstand- their children to pick up after themselves,
ing physicists listened and took keen in- to make their bed, and to keep their clothes
terest in their professions while they were clean. But all too often it goes in one ear
young. This laid the foundation for their and out the other. The children continue
In Sclwol
School is another vital training center in
which youths do well to take an interest.
Some appreciate the importance of educa~
tion, but in other cases parents practically
have to force their children to go to school.
As you \vell know, there are those who
make every effort to take in knowledge,
while others are interested only in recess
es, lunch periods and perhaps physical edu~
cation class where they can get out and
play. Rather than being indifferent toward
education, the Bible proverb says that "a
wise person will listen and take in more
instruction," and thereby acquire "skillful
direction."-Prov. 1:5.
Many youths lack interest in school be~
cause they feel that they will never use
the information being taught. But actually
this is a shortsighted view, for practically
every subject in school requires one to do
reading and writing, and ability in these
things directly affects one's success in life.
A poor reader, for example, fails to take
in the necessary information on which to
base correct decisions. And how well one
writes will make either a favorable or an
unfavorable impression on others. So do
not let an indifferent attitude prevent you
from learning to read and write well.
This is not to say that mathematics, his~
tory, biology and other subjects are not
valuable in themselves. They are. For in
stance, being able to figure interest rates
and add a column of figures quickly is a
protection these days; thousands of per~
sons are regularly being cheated because
they do not know how. In addition, mathematics exercises the brain, strengthening
it to think clearly. Without such use the
brain, just like an unexercised muscle, will
become weak and unable to function as it
should. You will find it very difficult to get
along in adult life with a weak, "flabby"
brain!
SEPTEMBER 22, 1964
youth, and let your heart do you good in heart good. They will not remove eventual
the days of your young manhood, and vexation, but, rather, will stimulate and
walk in the ways of your heart and in the agitate you in a way that can, in time, lead
things seen by your eyes. [If you do this, you into trouble.
what then?] But know that on account of
Similarly, your parents may give you
all these the true God will bring you into counsel and even place certain restrictions
judgment. So remove vexation from your On yrm relative to your association with
heart, and ward off calamity from your the opposite sex. Certain forms of dancing
fiesh."-Eccl. 11:9, 10.
may be prohibited, or they may not permit
Your course during the time of youth you to associate with a person who is not
will not be marred by its resulting in dis~ a member of the Christian congregation
aPPointment and calamity if you accept and with whom they are not acquainted.
wise counsel and instruction and do not Even if they approve of your companion,
follow your deceptive heart and the selfish they may not allow the two of you to go
desire of the eyes for merely a good time. out unchaperoned. What attitude will you
If you "bring your heart to discipline and take toward such counsel? Will you be in~
your ear to the sayings of knowledge," different, and fecI justified in ignoring it
and walk according to righteoUS principles, because so many youths of this old world
you will not suffer vexation and agitation are free of such restrictions? While you
of heart. You will not be plagued by anx~ are yet a youthful person, is this the way
iety, or troubled over whether you did the to "ward off calamity from your flesh"?
wrong thing or not; but, instead, you will
Those older than you can foresee what
ward off any bad consequences from your can develop \vhen members of the opposite
flesh, and will receive a favorable judg- sex are in close contact or are alone with
ment from God.-Prov. 23:12.
one another. What may have been meant
On the other hand, calamity is certain to be only a kiss or two leads to heavy
to strike if you cast caution and wise coun- necking, petting, and then fornication-a
sel to the wind. You may not be able to violation of God's law and adverse judg~
see how failure to listen can be harmful, ment by Him! "But it will not happen to
but neither could the child that was told me," you say. Yet it iR happening to a quar~
not to play in the street foresee the car ter million girls who become unwed moth~
that swept around the corner and struck ers in the United States every year, not to
it dead. So pay attention and heed counsel, speak of the hundreds of thousands of oth~
because a calamity just as deadly can ers who have illegal abortions every year.
quickly overtake you.
And it can happen to you!
Your parents or other spiritual advisers
So you youths, show yourselves to be
may tell you not to attend immoral movies,
wise.
Rid yoursclves of the apathetic, in~
watch suggestive and violent television
different
attitude characteristic of so many
programs or read sex~stimulating litera~
ture. Now, such counsel may seem unduly younger people today. Cooperate with your
restrictive to you, as prohibition on play~ parents. Get a good education while you
ing in the street seems to others. But do are in school. Pay attention to the counsel
not conclude that your parents are "old of God's Word. Heed the inspired Bible
fogies" who are out of touch with things, proverb to "listen and take in more in~
for, to the contrary, they realize that such struction." So doing, you will lay the founprograms and literature will not do your dation for success in the years to come.
8
AWAKE!
Results of Nationalism
What has been the result? What has nationalism produced for the human race?
Note Toynbee's words in this respect. He
said that nationalism has resulted in giving "our paramount political loyalty to one
fraction of the human race." He noted that
this is done "whatever consequences this
may entail for the foreign majority of the
human race," and that one supports his
country "right or wrong."
He further commented on nationalism's
results in these words: "The surface of this
tiny planet is broken up politically into
the territories of over one hundred sovereign independent states. The number of
these political splinters of humanity has
nearly doubled since the end of World War
II. This does not make sense. Nor does it
make sense that each of these should retain a sovereign right to jeopardize the
human race's chance of survival by making war.... How absurd it is, then, that
the survival of the human race should be
endangered by our loyalty to these ephemeral political creations. After all, we have
to be human beings before we can be
American human beings or Liberian hu9
it
it
to be hut a dream. Hatred and bloodshed
have continued to be the harsh realities.
Our twentieth century has seen the most
sickening demonstration of man's animosi~
ty toward his fellowman. In two world
wars tens of millions of humans have been
slaughtered and maimed. That animosity
has not ceased, but continues unabated in
this year of 1964. Differences in race, religion and social status have contributed to
the animosity. However, one of the greatest divisive factors of all is nationalism,
that is, the exaltation of one nation above
all others, giving it supreme loyalty.
Well-known British historian Arnold J.
Toynbee defines nationalism in this way:
"It is a state of mind in which we give our
paramount political loyalty to one fraction
of the human race-to the particular tribe
of which we happen to be tribesmen. In so
far as we are captured by this ideology,
we hold that the highest political good for
us is our own nation's sovereign independence; that our nation has a moral right to
exercise its sovereignty according to what
it believes to be its own national interests,
whatever consequences this may entail for
the foreign majority of the human race;
and that our duty, as citizens of our coun-
10
12
Nationalism a "Disease"
So intense have the divisions of the hu~
man race become due to nationalism that
historian Toynbee has written: "National~
ism is a mental disease of Western origin
which seems to have infected the whole
human race."-New York Times Maga~
zinc, August 7, 1960, page 56.
That disease has poisoned the thinking
of people toward their fellow humans. It
has prevented the sharing of the fruits of
the earth with those in need. It has thwart~
ed man's efforts to achieve peace. It has
proved to be, not a blessing, but a curse.
God and Nationalism
The Creator of man, Jehovah God, never
purposed that nationalism be the supreme
loyalty of humans. Jesus showed this when
he said: "'You must love Jehovah your
God with your whole heart and with your
whole soul and with your whole mind.
This is the greatest and first command~
ment."~Matt. 22:37, 38.
Those who put loyalty to God first also
obey what Jesus next said: "The second,
like it, is this, 'You must love your neigh~
bor as yourself.''' (Matt. 22:39) One who
thus loves his neighbor will not allow na~
tional differences to cause division. No,
loyal servants of God work toward uniting
the human family, not dividing it by putting nationalism first.-Luke 10:29~37.
The wonderful result of putting loyalty
to God and man in correct order is as the
prophet Micah foretold: "They will have
to beat their swords into plowshares and
their spears into pruning shears. They will
not lift up sword, nation against nation,
AWAKE!
13
PROTECT YOURSELF
ACUSTOMER
walked into a meat market and ordered
two chickens. The butcher weighed them
at 7 pounds and 8 ounces. Yet, when they
were reweighed, they were found to be
only a little over five pounds!
A television repair firm, advertising
"bargain" prices for servicing, replaced
three tubes in a television set and charged
$12.62. What was wrong with that? '!\va
of the tubes replaced were good ones!
A steel plant employee, proud of the
fact that he had never had an unpaid debt
in his life, was waiting for a bus in front
of his plant. Someone in the crowd showed
him an attractive ring for his wife, offered to let him have it on "approval" for
just $10 and, if his wife did not like it, to
give him back his $10 the next day. The
steel worker quickly scribbled his name on
a "receipt." Only later did he find out he
had signed a contract binding him to pay
an additional $300 for a ring worth much
less.
A fish market had flounder to sell. But
instead of selling the lowly flounder at
their proper price, the market passed them
off as epicurean English fillets of gray sole,
at double the price!
These disreputable business practices
did not go unnoticed, for the proper authorities were notified and suitable action
was taken. In the case of the overweighed
\4
Since a primary reason for persons' being cheated is their lack of attentiveness,
it could be said that paying attention is
the road to prevention of much fraud. For
example, when in a market buying items
AWAKEI
16
Points to Remember
In this day when there is much cheating,
stealing and defrauding, it pays to be careful. It will help you get the most for your
money and will help keep those you deal
with more honest, since they will tend to
be more careful when they see you are a
cautious buyer. In swnmary, keep in mind
the following points when buying a product or service:
1. Be ak-'Tt to what is happening. Keep
your eyes on the scale. Count your change.
2. Take time to read carefully. If an
item bears a label or has a guarantee, it is
for your protection; find out what it says.
If you are asked to sign anything, r~d it
carefully first-and do not skip over the
fine print.
3. Ask questicm.s. Find out whether you
must pay additional fees for delivery, installation and servicing. When credit is involved, be sure you know what the total
cost will be. If you are renting an apartment, ask about painting, repairs and utilities. But do not leave the promises in verbal form.
4. Get it in writing. This also applies to
estimates for services and repair work.
5. It will also pay you to become acquainted with the reputation of the firm
with which you plan to do business. If in
doubt, you can check with an agency such
as the Better Business Bureau or the
Chamber of Commerce. They are established to serve you.
So, principally, it depends on you. As one
law enforcement authority said: "The
most effective protection against fraud and
deception, of course, is an alert and wary
consumer."
AWAKE!
17
Many consensual relation$lips begin between persons who are too young to marry.
Almost all lands require that underage
youths desiring to marry have the legal
consent of their parents. Often this consent is not forthcoming and these young
people take things into their own hands
and set up housekeeping. Their flouting of
Jehovah's laws with regard to 'honoring
their father and mother' is in itself a grave
enough error. But to add to this the shame
of living in fornication, whether they do
this for the purpose of badgering their parents into consenting to a legal marriage or
not, makes things much more serious. If
a marriage is approached honorably, a
mate is chosen with good judgment and
one has the maturity and the means to
take on such a responsibility, there would
seldom be serious objections on the part
of the parents. But even when there are
objections in the case of minors, this is no
reason for children to be dishonoring their
parents by rank rebellion against the Godgiven authority they wield. If children are
going to marry while still under age, they
should do so not only with the consent but
also with the commendation of their
parents.
One of the most beautiful marriages
mentioned in the Bible is that of Isaac and_
Rebekah. It was arranged with the full
consent of the fathers of both, though
Isaac was already a grown man. It was a
happy and successful marriage, enjoyed
the blessing of Jehovah, and it remained
unbroken until death.):oung persons do
well to let older and" more mature ones,
especially parents, give them guidance in
such matters, and more so when the judgment of those mote mature persons \s
based on a knowledge of the principles governing marriage fotu1d in the Bible.-Gen.
24:1-67.
SEPTEMBER 213, 1964
Selfish Motives
19
20
AWAKE!
THE
21
Should the queen bee lose her productiv- ciency that men are forced to sit up and
itli because of age (she usually lives sev- take notice.
eral years), or should the colony decide to
For example, any city must be kept
divide because of overcrowding, another clean, otherwise the inhabitants run the
queen is produced. To make a queen, sev- ris~ of disease and epidemic. So in the hive
eral regular cells are enlarged and the lar- sanitation squads are constantly on the job.
vae are fed abundant supplies of royal jel- Soon after emerging from their cells,
ly. This special milky substance is secreted young bees busy themselves with disposing
from modified salivary glands of young of every scrap of foreign material. Withworkers. By feeding it to the larvae out being urged Or nagged by their elders,
throughout the entire period of their de- they lick the thousands of cells thoroughly
velopment, instead of just the first two or clean, preparing them again to receive the
three days, the larvae develop into queens, Queen's eggs. The result of this constant
rather than ordinary worker bees. So, in a vigil is a hive that is spotlessly clean.
very literal sense, queens are made, not
After a few days the milk glands of the
born.
young bees mature, and they assume the
When the colony decides to divide, the duty of caring for the young larvae. Any
old queen takes off with part of the colony mother will acknowledge that there is a
to find a new home. This is called swarm- lot of work to raising young ones. But the
ing. Back in the original hive, the first attention children demand can never comqueen to emerge from her cell seeks out pare with the care baby larvae must re~
and stings to death the other developing ceive. After the egg hatches, the nUrse bees
queens. If two emerge at the same time, must make some 10,000 feeding visits to
they battle to the death so that only one each cell-a visit about every minute!
queen remains in the family.
Think of it, 10,000 feedings to raise just
After a few days the virgin queen leaves one bee! And yet there may be thousands
the hive and takes off on her mating flight. of larvae developing at the same time, all
All the drones follow in hot pursuit. Up, up of whom need this same precision feeding.
they soar. Finally, all but one pursuer is What a relief to be able to cap the cell
left behind. There, in midair, the two unite, after about six days of feeding and let the
but the drone is mortally wounded when larva develop into a full-grown bee!
the queen wrenches free, ripping out his
Bees also have the problem, long faced
generative organs. The mated queen then by man, of heating and cooling their city.
returns to her colony, impregnated with It is vital to the life of the young larvae
enough sperm to fertilize hundreds of thou- that the temperature in the brood area
sands of eggs.
should not fall below 90 or exceed 97" F.
So the bees react immediately when the
Communal Life
temperature changes. Should the temperaHoneybees, like men, are social crea- ture rise, as it often does in summer, the
tures, and even though they do not have older foraging bees bring in supplies of wathe intelligence of men, their hives are a ter. These are strategically placed in the
model of orderliness. From their first day hive, and the bees station themselves
of life worker bees always seem to know around and fan vigorously. This evaporates
just what to do and how to do it, even the water and the hive is cooled.
But in addition to using air conditioning
without being told. They handle the problems of communal living with such effi- long before man developed it, bees are also
22
A WAKE!
experts at warming their city. Should the learned from the lowly bee. Although postemperature of the hive fall, the bees stoke sessing no college degree in structural entheir bodies with honey, which, due to gineering, two-week-old worker bees contheir body's high metabolism, is quickly struct honeycombs that are masterpieces
converted to heat. Thus, the temperature of structural design. For centuries men,
of the hive is raised. In the brood area, have been intrigued by them, but it is only
bees maintain a temperature that is con- in recent years that close scientific obserstant within one and a half degrees, even vation has shown how truly marvelous
though the outside temperatW'e may vary they are.
thirty to forty degrees.
The construction material is of the bees'
A more serious problem arises in the O\V!l making. Young workers gorge themwinter. How do bees survive when the selves on honey, and, after several hours,
temperature falls many degrees below ze- wax begins to appear as thin flakes on
ro? They are unable to hibernate or mi- their abdomen. Transferring it to the
grate, so ingeniously they stoke up a fur- mouth, the bees chew the wax thoroughly,
nace by which to keep warm. But such a mixing it with a frothy liquid and microfurnace you have never seen before!
scopic bubbles of air. Then a miracle of
Many bees form a closely packed shell to engineering takes place. The bees, working
confine the heat within. Bees at the center in cooperation with one another, shape
of this insulating shell keep in constant this plastic material into perfect six-sided
motion, generating heat. When the tem- honeycomb cells. Amazingly, the cells are
perature falis, the insulating shell shrinks formed with such unvarying accuracy that
and the dancers within move faster; but at one time French scientist Rene de
when the temperature rises, the shell of Reaumur proposed making them a stanbees expands and the movements of those dard of measure.
Equally amazing, however, is the choice
at the center slows down. By this means
of
the six-sided design. It provides the
the temperature is regulated. But how do
those bees clinging on the outside avoid maximum strength, the greatest storage
succumbing to the cold'? Careful observa- space and, at the same time, fits the shape
of the bee. It is the one and only ideal
tion reveals the answer.
for the honeycomb! In order to obshape
Those bees composing the insulating
tain
maximum
strength for the least
shell are noted to be continually changing
weight
men
have
also
employed this hexagplaces with the dancers on the inside.
onal
design
in
their
engineering
projects.
There is a persistent floW from the center
to the outer edges and back again. In this
way the bees alternately become heated Field Work
After about three weeks of inside chores
by activity, and cooled during rest periods.
the
worker bees graduate to gathering polHoney, of course, is the fuel that runs this
len
and nectar from the fields. Although
amazing furnace. Yes, the foresighted bees
they
literally work themselves to death in
have stocked up sufficient supplies to last
about
a month, this industriousness during
the winter.
the summer assures survival of the bee
colony in the winter. In fact, bees gather
Engineering Wonders
Men take pride in their engineering such a surplus that in the United States
feats, and, indeed, some of them are won- alone some 250,000,000 potUlds of honey
derful, but even in this field humans have are harvested each year! When it is conSEPTEMBER fre, 1964
23
24
coconut during processing and canning, keeps out oxygen that would
change the taste and color of the
food. Carbon dioxide kccps the food
looking good and tasting fresh.
Carbon dioxide gas is also
used in mining operations and
in the chemical industry. In
some chemical factories it is
used to exclude oxygen from
explosive materials, which is a
safety measure. And did Y9U
know that a standard ingredient in the mixture within the
fire extinguisher container is carbon
dioxide? It is a real fire fighter. intercepting the supply of oxygen on which combustion depends. The gas makes a foam
that is effcctive especially in fighting gasoline and oil fires.
Liquid carbon dioxide serves you In
other ways. It is extensively used in the
carbonation of beverages. Bottlers force
some 100,000 tons of the gas a year into
beverages. The gas gives the drink its fizz and
sparkling beauty. It also enhances the taste of
the drink and inhibits bacteria growth.
As a solid, namely, as "dry ice," carbon dioxide gas performs a long list of services.
Cooks use dry ice to freeze onions. The dry
ice keeps the onion oils in check, thus sparing
the cook the tears that generally go with chopping and slidng onions. The gas also helps the
onion to retain its flavor.
Plastic or rubber materials that are hard to
handle because of their stickiness arc today
frozen in dry ice. This does away with the
stickiness and makes them easy to handle. Try
it sometime. It works,
YOUR VERSATILE
SERVANT, CARBON
DI
E
I
0 YOU like the
way soda pop flz~
zes? Well, that
same little worker
196.~
25
26
'l7
28
not be God's will for all men to find salvation, but, rather, that "all sorts of men
should be saved," even as rendered by the
New World Translation. This is in keeping
with the context, wherein Paul requests
that prayers "be made concerning all sorts
of men, concerning kings and all those who
are in high station."-l Tim. 2:1-4.
The above-stated principle also applies
to the words of John regarding Jesus:
"The true light that gives light to every
sort of man," and to Jesus' own words:
"1 ... will draw men of all sorts to me."
Jesus did not enlighten every man nor did
he dra\v all men to him, but he did give
light to every sort of man and did draw
all sorts of men to him.-John 1:9; 12:32.
Corroborating the way the New World
Translation at times renders the Greek
word pas (together with its inflections)
are the renderings of many other translations at Matthew 5:11: "Happy are you
when people ... lyingly say every sort of
[pan] wicked thing against you." Thus,
while An A'1W?rican Translation reads
"everything," the Douay, "all," and Rotherham, "every," many other translations
agree with the New World Translation.
The Revised Standard Version and Phillips
read "all kinds of"; the King James, Amer-
Observation of Witnesses
The July iSSUe of the U.S.
Oatholic carried an article by
Catholic writer William J.
Whalen entitled "What 1 Like
About Jehovah'~ WitneSi!R~."
He stated: "Evf'n those who
are most critical of the Witnesses can haniJy deny tha t
the Witness Usually exhibits
it would be like crunchy snoW,"
he said.
a complete commitment to
his religion; this is one of
the things I like about Je.
Turk" At"t:lWk CyPnJ"
.. On August 8 and 9 Turkish hovah's Witnesses." He added:
jet fighter planes struck "Another thing I like about
against Greek CYpriote posi- Jehovah's Witnesses and one
tions on the island of Cyprus. 1actor in tbeir success In
More than 300 casualties, in- convertmaking is the smallcluding at least 33 dead, were ness of their congregations.
reported after the assault by . . . Every member knows
everyone else and most memo
64 TUrkish planes.
bers are eager to welcome a
stranger."
Dlsllll1siorunent Noted
Mr. Whalf'n alllo noted the
On
5 a group
missionary zeal of JehoVah's
Witnesses, and said: ''That
most Witne'O.s~s ~-:;ist \'fJ. this
gruelling work month after
month and year after year is
something which I must ad
mire. (If other Catholic~ feel
as I do, they dread the thought
of spending even a few hours
every few years calling on
fellow Catholics for some fund
drive.)"
"Finally," he writes;, "t be
Iieve that one of the most
attractive characteristics of
thIs cult has been its tradj
tional policy ot racial equality.
Negroes who become Jehovah's Witnesses know they will
be welcomed as full human
"The Most Segregated Hour"
.. The editor of The Ohristian beings."
Oentury, Kyle Haselden, wrote
recently that "the patterns of "I'\)'\\Y0 W a.tm- 'Sbttr\age
segregation whIch divide the This summer Tokyo, Japan,
common life of the country experienced its Worst water
racially had their beginning in shortage in forty years. Dethe church." He said: "Every- spite torrential rains In north
29
Mrican Strife
.. Rhodesia, the Congo, Nigeria and Kenya have all ex
perienced bloodshed and trou
bles in recent weeks. Fanatical
Early Christians Different
tribesmen belonging to the
Lumpa religious sect have <$> An Episcopal clergyman in
been carrying on a "holy war" San Antonio, Texas, Edward
In Northern Rhodesia. By the P. Bush, Jr., recently resigned
end of the first week in August as rector of St. Luke's Church.
well over 300 fatalities Were He explained to his congregareported. At the same time tion that first-century Chrisrebel forces in the Republic of tianity was much different
the Congo had gained such from that practiced in the
support they were said to have churches today. He saId: "The
taken Stanleyville, the coun Christians of the first century
try's third largest city. Over had no buildings. They met in
in Kenya, it was reported on homes. Their clergy were un
August 6, two hundred MerHle salaried. St. Paul, you recall,
and Dongiro tribesmen swept was a tent maker, making his
down upon Turkana encamp living all the time he was the
ments along the KenyaEthio great apostle to the Gentile
pia border and slaughtered 120 world."
persons, including 63 children.
And in the northern region
Rising Tide of Crime
of Nigeria tribal warfare is -<$> A tremendous upsurge in
reported to have claimed as crime has been experienced
many as 1,000 lives.
throughout the world in recent years. Serious crime in
Miners Rescued
London rose to a record level,
<$> On August 4 nine French from 214,000 indictable offenses
miners, imprisoned for eight in 1962 to 229,000 in 1963. In
days 270 feet below the ground Los Angeles county juvenile
by a mine collapse, were arrests went from 46,000 to
hauled safely up a rescue 70,000 within the past six years.
30
'* Australian
'psychiatrist
I.
James said that
Dr,
an
Australian attempts suIclde
every hour, but only three or
four attempts a day are sue
p,
~stlJ.1.,
R....
~atd
that
A"MJ-
'*
Foolish Dares
It is childish and immature
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N,W. 7
Please send me .,,""""_,, __ , cop(y.-ies) of thl! heart-cheering bookl~t "Perw~ Amon{J Men of GOOd
Will" or Armuj/Bdd01>-WhM,h, tf'ach. 01.<\ tt<:l~ A.~t~"\,,. <;,do. l,,~ ",",,'J,I,\', Mtka. tl,:.c:., '{ tlYl -11'~.
[tor Australia. 2/-: tor South Africa. 17cj). I am enrlOSillg ,.,"" ""
______ .""",, ... __ -'
Strpet and Number
Name .. _
or Route and Eo"
POStal
Post
District No. '''''''". County __
Town ..
31
HOW HAVE
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please rush me m .. copy of the revealing and rewarding book "BabYlon Ihe Great Ha& Fallen!"
God'8 Kin!J.:lom Rules! 1 am enclosIng 5/6 (for Australl", 6/6: for South .fric~ 55e). For maUlng
the coupon I am to receive free the timely booklet" Look! I Am Making All ,'kings New."
N~,
Post
Postal
District No ............. County .
Town
In: AUSTFiALIA: 11 BereSford Rd., Strathtleld, :o;r.S;W. CANADA' 150 Brtdgeland Ave., Toronto 19, Ont. SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag::. P.O. Eland8fontein, Transvaal. UNITED STATES, 117 Adam" St., Brooklyn, N.Y. llZl)L
32
AWAKEI
ENGLAND BY
4,100,000
S1
f/_
fI-
'.If
re ...
II thirty dl)'t
T.... er,
WI'"
Tow",
Ho ....
n.
Rldl.n)',
"A".~.! .. I, tho low World Tranilltl ... of Iho Noly Sui".... 1961 odll
Wh .. otb" tr'n'IIUonl lro IUd. Ihl' " 111_11 ... kld.
--'"-~--"-,"-."--",-.--".--
CONTENTS
You Cannot Evade the Issue
12
No Love of Honesty
17
2()
10
25
28
30
_Roman. 13:11
London, England, October B, 1964
Volume XLV
Number 19
lHf
ISSUf
OOTOBER 8, 1964
AWAKEI
turned it to the owners and was severely lieved responsible. "An employee'!" asked
criticized by many for not having kept it.
In England a report says that "one person
in every five indulges in shoplifting."4
Employee Dishonesty
So serious is employee dishonesty in Can~
ada that the president of the Retail Sales
Audit Systems, Ltd., asserted: "There is
no such thing as an honest person. There
are only some more honest than others."~
The Toronto manager of Pinkerton's national detective agency claims employee
stealing has increased steadily in Canada
until losses total "at least $100 million a
year." He adds:
"In our investigations we've found, as an
average, that one out of every three employees is basically dishonest-which means he
will seek ways of, stealing; that one out of
every three employees wlll be dishonest if
given the opportunity and the third employee is the only one who deserves the full
trust of his employer."6
In the United States employees are reported to steal from employers an average
of $150 per person per year. A manager of
a firm that sells insurance to protect
against employee dishonesty reports that
he bonds employees who are not criminal
types but who are respected citizens--yet
every working day of his life his company
must payout, because of employee dishonesty, an average of $B,OOD! He found
out in a survey of 65 bank embezzlers that
virtually every one was a respected pil1ar
in his community and that most of them
thought they were honest, regarding their
dishonest activities as "borrowing."
"We live in a corrupt society," declares
another authority on the "new morality,"
one Saul Astor, president of a firm called
Management Safeguards, Inc., which in~
OCTOBER 8, 1964
e
~
l~_'. ,:
*
~
streets of terror,"l
It is the same in the Phil.
~
ippine Islands, where a news~
;#.+
..'
~JJt paper reported: "Every 30
... ~ ....
..,.., minutes, a boy under 16 com~
.;
mits a crime-ranging from
petty thievery to rape-in
.,
.+ Manila alone." "It would seem that no
Filipino is safe in the streets today," it lamented. "The number of youngsters getting their kicks from thrill killing, vanN ALMOST every country juvenile dalism, and general mayhem is steadily
crime and sexual immorality by youths increasing."~
are on the increase. Take a look at what
And who is the victim of this earth-wide
is happening.
juvenile crime? The public. It is the public
In the United States the latest crime who are affected, endangered or attacked
rise was an average of 19 percent during when youths throw stones at windows of
the first three months of 1964. More than cars, buses and trains; when vandals slash
85 percent of all cities with a population auto tires and steal auto parts; when
of 25,000 or more reported crime increases. youths deface or destroy public park or
"Frankly," admitted a New York City school property; when they snatch wompolice official, "we are losing the battle en's purses; when they break into homes
against crime." Not only in New York but to commit burglary; when they rob people
in other cities throughout the world the at the point of a knife or gun; when youngproblem revolves around delinquent youth. sters take narcotics and go wild; when
In Britain the annual report of the they drive autos or other vehicles recklessHome Secretary shocked many. It said: ly; and when youths violently attack peo"The percentage of young people between ple regardless of age, women often being
14 and 17 found guilty of indictable offense assaulted sexually. Yes, it is the public
is now more than twice the prewar rate that is daily being savagely bitten by this
for boys and three times the prewar rate mad dog of juvenile crime!
for girls." British towns have been plagued
by rival adolescent gangs, likened by a Breakdown in Sex Morals
No look at youth can ignore the breakmagistrate to "rat packs." Such gangs of
youths stirring up trouble and violence down of sex morality, for the "new moare a principal part of the crime problem rality" includes sexual immorality. This
breakdown involves "respected" youths,
in many lands.
high-school
and college students. So great
In the Orient, in lands such as Japan and
is
the
teen-age
promiscuity in England, for
South Korea, crime by youths has reached
frightening proportions. The police bureau instance, that the incidence of sexually
in Seoul reports more than five hundred transmitted diseases has risen by 73 peracts of violence a month, most of them cent during a period when population inbeing committed by teen-agel's. "We can't creased only 6.5 percent, and "a third of
have even one day of peaceful life in all teen-age brides are pregnant."a A BritSeoul," said a newspaper, "because in the ish Medical Association committee con,..,.
..'.
.....
..t
AWAKE!
eluded that this greater promiscuity "resulted from a radicallY altered attitude
toward sexual morality and morality in
general."
From Perth, Australia, comes the report:
"There is not enough accommodation In
the metropolitan area for unmarried pregnant girls while awaiting the birth of their
babies . . . . Matron B. Grant said she was
alarmed at the increasing numbers of pregnant girls aged 14 or 15."4
POlitiken (Copenhagen)
March 6, 1964.
4 The W",t Australian, June
18. 1963.
8 TOCI\Aqc VD, published by
Wyeth Laboratories.
6 Sin"a)o (Neu' Ideological
1'rend, monthly magazIne)
July 1BB3. South Korea.
1 Look, July 14. 1964.
8 bsue of June 14, 1964.
3
Function8
HAT is happening
to youth is directly influenced by what is
happening to the family. Indeed, the family
exercises the most direct single influence upon the life and future of
the child. A look at families around the
world reveals that the family has not escaped the moral breakdown.
Many authorities see the increasing
number of broken homes as a distinct aspect of the general moral breakdown. The
divorce rate soars in country after country. In the United States it is estimated
that 400,000 divorces occur each year,
nearly one every minute. Add to this the
many separations and desertions. A Canadian report says: "Today, 12,000 deserted wives ~ getting public maintenance in Canada.... The rough estimate
is that there are about 60,000 deserted
wives in Canada who do not report their
plight."l In Sao Paulo, Brazil, marriages
are broken on the average of six a day in
that one city alone.
Such statistics, from country after coun
try, underscore how one aspect of the mor
al breakdown leads to another; for if there
is a breakdown in the family, it is quickly
translated into juvenile delinquency. Study
after study has found an extraordinarily
high number of delinquents coming from
broken homes. Obviously, morally bank
heavy "necking" and "petting" in a lonely not just in California but in many otlllw
"lovers' lane." This parental failure to places. In one such scandal in Berlin, wi&.
watch closely the goings and comings of wives being "loaned out," a number of
young sons and daughters has led to much prominent German film personalities we~
sexual immorality. At St. Charles, Mis- said to be involved. And a report from
souri, when a high-school sex scandal New York State tells of a vast $200,000-abroke out, a law officer said: "Poor pa- year call-girl ring made up of wives and
rental supervision has brought about this mothers, "typical housewives," said the
situation." And a United Nations report district attorney.
said that, when Australian police investiThis prevalence of adultery leads not
gated gangs calling themselves bodgies and only to such extremes as wife-swapping
widgies, most of the 300 girls they de- clubs and call-girl rings, but to the even
tained came from better-class homes. The more common sexual immorality of chileldest was not more than 17, the youngest dren. Myriads of delinquent youths today
was 13. "More than 250 of that 300," says have parents with only the shattered rethe U.N. report, "had each engaged in 50 mains of a moral code, expressed for many
separate acts of sexual intercourse."a of them in Ernest Hemingway's manifesto:
What a frightful lack of parental super- 'What is moral is what you feel good after,
vision!
and what is inunoral is what you feel bad
after.' Youth is adrift in a sea of permisDishonest, Adulterous Conduct
siveness.
The moral breakdown is marked by more
What is left of the family? The husband
than a failure to provide proper super- has his clubs, the wife has her interests,
vision to children, however. There is an- and the children go their way. Once in a
other aspect. This is the immoral example while they meet at the table to eat. But
of parents themselves. Adultery today is so their doing of, things together is limited
prevalent that one magazine said: "Adul- almost entirely to providing physical needs
tery seems to be as widely practiced as it -so much so that the modern home has
must have been in the orgiastic days be- become a kind of hotel, where youngsters
fore the Flood. Certainly, in America to- come to sleep and eat.
day, it is an open secret that adultery is
With the family breakdown, mankind is
prevalent. . . . We are shOCked to hear faced with the breakdown of the baSic unit
that in the Latin-American countries, in of human society. What can come of it exSpain, in France, in Italy, adultery is fully cept more fuel for the blazing fire of the
accepted. We are shocked-and yet we moral breakdown?
practice adultery ourselves.'"
Many leaders of communities have exAdultery, in fact, is often glamorized, as pressed grave concern about the family
when certain Hollywood stars indulge in it, breakdown. But can the family look to
with the newspapers giving it a glamorous men who are prominent in this world for
aura of sophistication. An Australian mag- the answer to the moral breakdown? Are
azine recently said: "The Hollywood star the leaders themselves setting the right
system has been taken as a warrant for a example?
procession of husbands and lOvers. An extension of this trend is seen in the prevalent cult of husband-and-wife swapping in
California.'" Yet wife-swapping goes on
OCTOBER 8, 1964
REFERENCES
1 The Globe Maaal!line. December 9. 1961.
,96<.
ernment. "Today," says a report from England, "it is, alas, not the Churches, not
the parents, nor the schools, that determine the moral standards of the country.
but business."l
And what are the morals of business
that are a powerful tool in shaping moral
standards of others? Dishonesty is rampant. This is true not only in regard to the
customer but among businessmen themselves, when dealing with one another.
Many businessmen will steal an idea or design if they can get away with it. Those
who work with invention ideas must guard
them jealously lest they be stolen by other
businessmen.
Mammoth legal fees are paid each year
by businessmen trying to collect money
rightly owed them by other businessmen
who default. Many businesses never collect
what is owed them, since some businessR
men go into dishonest bankruptcy.
The general dishonesty of the business
world plagues the housewife, who must
be on guard against being overcharged,
against fictitious or inflated prices, adulR
terated foods and deceptive advertising and
packaging. Some firms reduce the contents
and keep the box sizes and prices the same.
Others put false bottoms in bottles or conceal the contents by tiny print. And at the
meat market the housewife will probably
need to watch closely lest she be cheated
on weight or in some other way. "Court
action," says a report from Italy, "was takR
10
11
ESPONSIBLE religious leaders also gives way to peace. I would have no hesiagree that our generation is witness~ tation to advise on concealment of truth
ing the death of the 'old morality.' As the and deliberate falsification."2 How devasarchbishop of Canterbury in England said: tating an influence on the love for truth
"General lawlessness is greater-a break~ this will be! The listener will reason that,
down of the sense of duty and of obligation if the respected clergy feel that way, it
and truthfulness."l Many other religious must be all right to tell a lie in one's prileaders both inside and outside Christen~ vate affairs when it suits one's purpose.
dam likewise see the pronounced slide
The following information comes from
toward immorality.
the Philippine Islands: "An official of the
One might logically expect that the re~ National Bureau of Investigation bared toligions of this world would promote good day the rampant involvement of religious
morals, that they would be bulwarks organizations in 'technical smuggling' ...
against immorality. People may not expect to escape payment of taxes and duties
this of politicians or businessmen, but they causing an estimated annual loss 'running
do expect it of religious leaders. But is re- to millions of pesos.' "3 If religious organiligion a force for good morals? Is it work~ zations can smuggle, then why not the oring to stem the tide of immorality? Is it dinary citizen? Once more, his morality
free from blame, or is it instead a major suffers a blow as he is influenced for bad
contributor to the moral breakdown? Let by religion.
us examine the facts.
How do religious leaders feel about lying
among nations? A report states; "SpyLove for Truth?
ing
is shady business, but it's needed for
As previously noted, a basic reason for
survival
in a shady world. That, in short,
the moral breakdown is the lack of love
is
the
conclusion
voiced by a number of
for truth. Where truth is cast aside or wa~
religious
authorities
today.... Both Christered down, immorality follows. Now, then,
tian
and
Jewish
scholars
offer a similar
do the religions of the world promote a
view-that
espionage
involves
questionlove for truth?
able
behavior,
but
that
it
may
be
warrantIf you wanted truth on religious matters,
where would you go? To one of the hun- ed by overriding {acts of international
dreds of religions of this world? Why, their life." Said one clergyman: "It's an immoral
very divided state shows that at least the act for what we think is a moral purpose."
12
AWAKE!
13
14
Appropriately, Danish clergyman J4.for ten or fifteen years and can't quote a
Zeuthen said: "Young people in Denmark
line of Scripture!' "
What an amazing contradiction! MoraIs hardly expect any help from the Church
keep getting lower each year. The Bible and if they expect it they very seldom get
with its moral code is neglected or ridi~ it. We are giving them stones instead of
culed by many clergymen who substitute bread."-Kristeligt Dagblad~ Copenhagen,
their own thinking. Yet they bewail the Denmark, May 25, 1963.
moral breakdown and wonder why people
Why Not Violence?
do not study the Bible more!
Religious leaders express dismay at the
increase
of violence. But they themselves
To Blame for More
are
a
cause
for it!
There is more for which religion must
Bishop E. Ilogu, writing in the Nigeria
take the blame in this world's moral
breakdown. Recently newspapers ran the Morning Post of July 10, 1962, urged this:
following item: "A top leader of the Cosa "In so far as our governments, law courts
Nostra [Mafia] crime syndicate ... was and public services uphold these principles
buried on Tuesday after a Requiem Mass. "ll of justice, fairplay and equality, Christians
Time and again the world's most notorious will support them. If they do not, Chris~
criminals have been given honorable tians must rise in open rebellion against
church funerals. This suggests to the com- them." But if it is proper to resort to viomon man that crime and dishonest busi- lence against a government one has a
ness practices are not so bad, just as long grievance toward, then why not get violent
as you do not get sent to prison. What a against another person, or against society
poor example for honesty and for integrity as a whole for the same reason? And who
is to determine whether the reasons for
in business!
Church attitudes toward gambling also rebellion are valid? Will all see it the same
encourage immorality. Said English Ro- way? In truth, here is an open invitation
man Catholic archbishop Heenan: "Frank~ to crime, violence and anarchy.
When a white mob of 800 ran wild in
ly, I don't think we Catholics could get
along without bingo."12 Adds Cardinal the United States and injured nineteen Ne~
Cushing of the United States: "Gambling groes, the New York Times of June 26,
1964, commented: "Most of the mob came
itself is not a sin. "IS
from
a rally conducted by the Rev. Connie
What kind of example does this set for
Lynch
... who has been agitating every
others, especially youth? A very poor one.
night
for
the local white community to
It destroys respect for law and order, since
turn on Negroes and integrationists." Simi~
in many areas gambling is illegal. It breaks larly, an explanation for a photograph in
down moral fiber because it introduces the a Cyprus [Greek] paper, The Battle, of
notion of "easy money" into a person's April 7, 1964, read: "The priest of Philouthinking. The criminals, the hatred, the sis Papadtmitrios Savva with a machine
violence, the murder, the embezzlement, gun and wearing the honored uniform of
the family distress resulting from gam~ the forces of the law is pushing back the
bling all contribute to the moral break- assaults of the Turkish band of brigands."
down. And this has its encouragement
Clergy support for violence is not new.
from many clergymen, w~o are supposed They have been giving it for centuries,
to represent morality!
supporting both sides in warfare, even
OOTOBER 8, 1964
15
16
AWAKE I
ERTAINLY
the critical
times facing man
kind today are
unprecedented!
Never before in history has there been
such a deterioration in the relations between men. While no human authority
could have foreseen this terrible breakdown of morals, yet over nineteen centuries ago Almighty God inspired Bible
writers to foretell the coming of these
critical times. He even had recorded what
is the underlying cause of the present rash
of lawless violence.
Actually there is more to the problem
than meets the eye. Although worldly men
may blame parental delinquency, bad examples in public life and the failure of religious teaching, God's Word the Bible
shows that there is more to it than that.
It explains that superhuman, invisible
"wicked spirit forces," angels gone bad,
are the ones that have prodded mankind
toward the present moral delinquency.
(Eph. 6:12) Instead of dismissing such an
idea as childish or unrealistic, would it not
be wise to examine the evidence found in
the only recorded account that accurately
foretold today's critical times?
OOTOBER 8, 1964
Immediately after prophetically describing the birth of God's kingdom with Christ
as the king, the Bible book of
Revelation tells about the casting of Satan the Devil and hIs
wicked angels out of heaven
down to the vicinity of the
earth. "War broke out in
heaven," the Bible accolUlt
explains. "Michael [who is
Jesus Christl and his angels battled with the dragon, and the dragon and its
angels battled but it did not
prevail, neither was a place
found for them any longer in heaven.
So down the great dragon was hurled, the
original serpent, the one called Devil and
Satan, who is misleading the entire inhabited earth; he was hurled down to the
earth, and his angels were hurled down
with him."-Rev. 12:7-9.
Obviously this 'war in heaven' could
not be observed by the eyes of men on
earth. However, its effects would be felt in
a most outstanding way by earth's inhabitants, as the inspired record goes on to
show: "Woe for the earth and for the sea,
because the Devi.l has come down to you,
having great anger, knowing he 'has a
'short period of time/' This "short period
of time," 'from the casting of Satan and
his demons from heaven until they are
hurled into the abyss by Christ the King,
falls within what is called in the Bible "the
last day",," or "the conc1w,ion of the s~
tern of things." It is a period of time
marked by unprecedented woe stirred up
by unseen spirit forces.-Rev. 12:12.
Jesus Christ foresaw this short perIod
of unusual trouble that the abased Oevil
would cause on earth. So he described it to
his disdp1es, infol'ming them ilia..t, during
"the conclusion of the system of things,"
17
"nation will rise against nation and kingdom again r + kingdom, and there will be
food shortages and earthquakes in one
place after another. . . . and because of
the increasing of lawlessness the love of
the greater number will cool off."-Matt.
24:3-42; Mark 13:3-37; Luke 21:7-36.
The Christian apostle Paul was also inspired by God to write about this period
of time. "Know this, that in the last days
critical times hard to deal with will be
here," he warned. "For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, selfassuming, haughty, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, disloyal, having
no natural affection, not open to any
agreement, slanderers, without self-control,
fierce, without love of goodness, betrayers,
headstrong, puffed up with pride, lovers of
pleasures rather than lovers of God, having a fQrm of godly devotion but proving
false to its power; and from these turn
away.... But wicked men and impostors
will advance from bad to worse, misleading
and being misled."-2 Tim. 3:1-5, 13.
ter 4.
18
19
SOUND GUIDE
.storm-tossed sea in
a ship that has neither fuel, compass, rudder nor pilot. He knows it cannot be guided
successfully but will drift aimlessly and be
at the mercy of heavy seas. In time it will
be battered to pieces and sink.
Morally, mankind is in a similar position
in these critical times, It is just as English
clergyman Patrick Ashe recently said:
"The early Christians were not as mealymouthed [about immorality] as we are today.... We have put youth on a ship with
no sails, no fuel, no rudder, no compass, no
pilot, and not even an anchor."-London
Daily Expre88~ October 23, 1961.
Because of the lack of sound moral
guidance, hwnanity, like an ill-equipped
ship, is drifting and being battered to
pieces by every wave of doctrine, sinking
into immorality.
Honest-hearted men and women need a
sound standard of moral integrity. They
need a true guide, a right code, one that
is certain and dependable. This will enable
them to be guided safely through these
stormy times.
True Source
As evidenced by the moral breakdown,
man cannot provide this sound guide for
himself. But his Creator can, and does. It
stands to reason that the Almighty God
knows what is best for his creation. To
20
guidance. The apostle Paul said to Titnothy: "From infancy you have known the
holy writings, which are able to make you
wise for salvation." He showed how valuable these holy writings were for a gUide
to our conduct when he added: "All Scrip.
ture is inspired of God and beneficial for
teaching, for reproving, for setting things
straight, for disciplining in righteousness,
that the man of God may be fully competent, completely equipped for every good
work."-2 Tim. 3:15-17.
In a world filled with conflicting standards this Word of God will enable you to
have your "perceptive powers trained to
distinguish both right and wrong." (geb.
5:14) No longer will you have to grope uncertainly for the right course. You will
know it for a certainty. God's written
Word will forewarn you of danger so that
no educator, politician, author or false religious leader will ever "carry you off as
his prey through the philosophy and empty
deception according to the tradition of
men." (Col. 2:8) God's revealed wisdom
recorded by his faithful penmen will do for
you what the psalmist said: "The very
diSClosure of your words gives light. making the inexperienced ones Wlderstand."
-Ps. 119: 130.
21
22
23
24
foiled the attempts of the Devil to undermine his morals. When tempted by Satan,
Jesus relied upon God's Word, saying, "It
is written." In this way he rejected the
Devil's immoral suggestions. Finally, Jesus told him: "Go away, Satan! For it is
written, 'It is Jehovah your God you must
worship, and it is to him alone you must
render sacred service.''' Was his defense
effective? The Bible tells us: "Then the
Devil left him."~Matt. 4:1-11.
To ward off demonic influence, the apostle Paul wrote: "Put on the complete suit
of armor from God that you may be able
to stand firm against the machinations of
the Devil; because we have a fight . . .
against the wicked spirit forces in the
heavenly places." Yes, by looking to God
and his Word for sound guidance you will
"be able to resist in the wicked day and
... stand firm." You will also be able to
"put away all moral badness and all deceitfulness and hypocrisy" so you can
"grOW to salvation."~Eph. 6:11-13; 1 Pet.
2:1,2.
So with Jehovah God as your Pilot and
his Word as your compass and rudder.
your guide for moral integrity, you will no
longer be "tossed about as by waves and
carried hither and thither by every wind
of teaching by means of the trickery of
men, by means of cunning in contriving error." (Eph. 4 :14) No, you will not be swept
along with the restless seas of immoral
mankind, but you will move confidently
through these critical times.
However, more is needed than for individuals to maintain moral integrity in
this immoral world. What we really need
is the removal of the entire unrighteous
system with its broken-down morals! But
for that we must look to the kingdom of
God.
AWAKE I
HE
HolyBible
foretold, not only
the moral breakdown of these critical times and how
to conduct ourselves in
the midst of it, but also the 6lI"":::::-'::';:---,
come of it all, Concerning "the last
days" and the events, such as
increasing of lawlessness,"
would accompany such
times, it says: "But as these
start to occur, raise yourselves
erect and lift your heads up, hn_.~"-:;;;-:'
cause your deliverance is
near.... when you see these things
occurring, know that the kingdom
of God is near. Truly I say to you, others
This generation will by no means ungodly
and
cities Sodom
pass away until all things occur." and Gomorrah to ashes he condemned them, setting a pattern for ungodly persons of things to
-Luke 21: 28-32.
come,"
he will likewise not hold back from punSo it is this very generation
ishing
evildoers
today, regardless of their station
faced with this moral breakdown to
in
life.-2
Pet.
2:4-6.
which the inspired words apply:
Facing all ungodly, immoral persons, then, is
"The kingdom of God is near."
That means deliverance is near for the fulfillment of what was foreshadowed by the
those who look to this heavenly gov- global Flood and by the flaming destruction God
ernment, the kingdom of God, for brought upon Sodom and Gomorrah-that is, derelief from these critical times. But struction of the wicked by God's kingdom! That
what of all the immoral, dishonest, kingdom will clear out all unrighteousness, for its
ungodly people who figure in this King, Jesus Christ, hates lawlessness. (Reb. 1:9)
earth-wide moral breakdown? The And Jesus himself foretold that he "will send forth
Bible clearly shows that such per- his angels, and they will collect out from his kingsons are not in line to enter the dom all things that cause stumbling and persons
heavenly kingdom as joint heirs of who are doing lawlessness, and they will pitch
Jesus Christ: "What! Do you not them into the fiery furnace."-Matt. 13:41,42.
know that unrighteous persons will
That means destruction of the wicked by God's
not inherit God's kingdom?" kingdom. Also the worldly nations with their hope-1 Cor. 6:9.
lessly corrupt politics and beastly, oppressive rule
Moreover, Peter, an apostle of will be brought to their end. God's kingdom will
Jesus Christ, under divine inspira- triumph by crushing into annihilation all the
tion assures us that, "certainly if Devil-controlled political systems of today, just as
God did not hold back from punish- it was foretold in Bible prophecy: "In the days of
ing the angels that sinned ... and those kings the God of heaven will set up a kinghe did not hold back from punish- dom that will never be brought to ruin. And the
ing an ancient world, but kept kingdom itself will not be passed on to any other
~~~::~~~~~o~;~seven
OCTOBER 8, 1964
25
A WAKE!
YOUR LOVE
teonsness
28
AWAKEI
OOTOBER 8, 1964
29
'ence
*' AtinanEngland
international confer
regarding
ju
30
'Assistant
*' In Sacramento,
California,
District Attorney
RobE'rt Puglia said no charges
would be filed against a 64
member wife-swapping club,
consisting largely of "whitecollar executives in their 20's."
The prosecutor asserted that
swapping of spouses for temporary pleasure is not a crime,
since the participants are
adults who consent. This may
not be a crime by human laws,
but it is by God's law.
Refused
'to,*' ACanada,
12.year.old girl in Toron
refused to join a
Sex Initiation
'bishop
*' D. Ward
Nichols, suspended
in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, has
been convicted on charges of
embezzling $100,000 from
church funds. And in South
Korea a pastor of a Presby_
AWAKE!
Obtain also
---,---,-_.,-----------,--,--,---,--"-"--,---"-WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
send me ( 1 "All Scripture Is Inspired of Ood and Benefimal" (each. 7/- [for AustralIa,
8/10: [or South Africa. 75cJ). ( 1 New World Translalion of the Holy Scriptures (each. 7/- (tor
Australia, 8/10; for South Africu, 75c]). I am enclosing.
Street and Number
or Route and Box.
Name ......
Postal
Po~
Dlstr!ct No........... County ............... _..........................
Town .......
Plca~e
In: AUSTRAL.IA: 11 Beresford Rd., Strathtleld, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 Brldgeland Ave., Toronto 19. Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag ll, P.O. Elandllfontein, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St.. Brooklyn, N.Y. lUOL
32
AWAKE!
HY THE
4,100,000
4~
North Rd ,.tudl'n<i
:0;.,.
7/-
IV I
7/
'"""',!-'_
Notl.. 01
,ub,crlD(to"
Olh",,,,'"
,,~Iratl,.
"I'"''
",,<]
)'OU, "",ll1-lln"
I, "nl at 1,,,\
t~"
10 Sr""kl,"
L""" h<r""
CHANGES Of
~efor,
Y'.'
.d~r...
~nt""d
.,
'''""~
Ho,,,.
1',,",,"
~ll.laDd
n. Blbl. tI'n,I,II_n "Rul.,ly u." In 'Awake!" I, tho Now World T,an,I.II&, 01 tho Holy S,,;piU'OI. 1961 edl!I,".
Wh othor 1,... lllIon, "ro .. eel, thl, r. ,1..,ly mark .
CONTENTS
A Need for Solitude
Is Your Parents' Religion for You?
How Safe Are Those Tranquilizers?
You Can Improve Your Power
of Concf'ntration
can You Prove You Are a Minister?
Foreign Aid or a Fabulous Folly?
Our Growth~a Display of Divine
Wisdom
5
g
9
13
16
20
"Size Impression"'
23
24
26
27
29
Volume XLV
Number 2G
SOllTUDf
"I'VE never been alone in my life," said
a young married woman. "Oh-I've
been alone in the apartment when Bill was
at work, before young Bill came. But there
was always housework to do, always somebody barging in for coffee. And a radio
going-just as there was at home, with my
brothers and sisters. Someday I'd love to
go to a motel, all by myself, and park my
car-and just sit there, all afternoon-and
go to sleep by myself when I felt tiredand wake up with nobody there but me."
This woman was twenty-six years old, lovely and intelligent, yet as far as she couId
remember she had never been alone. not
even for a single hour. Imagine living for
twenty-six years and never really owning
or having sixty minutes all to oneself! Still
hers is not an isolated case. Not having
time for oneself is a common complaint of
this generation.
A mother of five children, returning
from a weekend in the country, remarked:
"Every so often I just have to get away
and be by myself." A man, pointing to a
corner room of a five-room house, said:
"That's mine. I lock myself in there when
OCTOBER 22, 1964
3~YOUR PARENTS'
Jehovah's witnesses who had
called at her door and stated
in the same chapter of Ephesians, verses dangerous, even if that person is rfght,
five and six. Here the -Bible writer is talk~ since the one following has no sound basis
lng to slaves or employees and he urges for his faith and can easily be stumbled
them: "Be obedient to those who are your when problems arise or when his beliefs
'
masters in a fleshly sense." Does this are Questioned.
mean that such employees must give their
Going back for a moment to Ephesians
masters unquestioning obedience, regard- chapter 6, let us take a look at verse four.
less of right or wrong? Obviously not, for Speaking now to parents, the writer says:
the writer goes on to say that this should "You, fathers, . . . go on bringing them
be done "as to the Christ, ... doing the up in the discipline and authoritative adw1ll of God whole-souled." An employee vice of Jehovah." To do this, more than
could not follow his master's bidding in mere blind submissiveness must be instilled
wrongdoing and at the same time be doing in the child's mind. Parents must teach
God's will. Thus the obedience is relative, their children God's Word, helping them
taking into consideration God's will and to reason on its basic teachings and fine
the Bible-trained conscience of the indi- principles.
vidual.
In addition, Peter says that as a ChrisApplying the same reasoning to our dis- tian you must be "always ready to make
cussion, it follows logically that, if one's a defense before everyone that demands of
parents do not practice true worship, it you a reason for the hope In you." (1 Pet.
would be improper to imitate them as far 3:15) How could a person do this if he
as the matter of worship is concerned. were just following his parents without
That is why, instead of criticizing those in question? He could not. Hence the Scriphis day who had left their parents' religion, tural advice is to "make sure of all things;
the apostle Peter spoke approvingly of hold fast to what is fine."-1 Thess. 5:21.
them, saying: "You were delivered from
Justas with those taking the lead in
your fruitless form of conduct received by true worship, children should have this
tradition from your forefathers." (1 Pet. view of the religion of their parents: "As
1:18) The ancestors referred to by Peter you contemplate how their conduct tW'ns
claimed to worship God and kept Jewish out imitate their faith." (Heb. 13:7) Yes,
traditions meticulously; yet it was necessary for sincere Jews to change their reli- it is the right faith and conduct of Godgion and leave behind such family tradi- fearing parents that should be imitated.
Incidentally, think of the weighty respontions in order to embrace Christianity.
sibility this puts on parents who do have
the true faith, to continue in it, maintain
When Parents Are God-fearing
Let us pursue this matter a little far- good conduct and inculcate it in their
ther and consider the position of a person children!
whose parents are God-fearing and have
the true religion of the Bible. Even in this Some Bible Examples
It follows, therefore, that. if parents are
case it does not mean he must follow his
parents blindly or unquestioningly. It may not in harmony with the truth found in
be true that they have the right religion, God's Word or are not exemplifying right
but stil1 his obedience to them must be conduct in certain respects, their works
based on sound reasoning and a clear un- should not be imitated. We have manyexderstanding. Blindly following anyone is amples in the Bible of those who refused
6
AWAKE]/
to follow the religion of their parents and Saul in a hate campaign against God's ser~
yet were blessed for this by God. Even the vant David. (1 Sam. 23:16-18) King Hezevery first human parents, Adam and Eve, kiah of Judah spoke of his predecessors in
set a poor example for their sons Cain, this way: "Our fathers have acted unfaithAbel and Seth to follow. Abel chose not to fully and have done what was bad in the
go along with their apostate course and, eyes of Jehovah our God, so that they
becauSe of this, he is mentioned in the Bi~ left him." (2 Chron. 29:6) He then took
ble with approval and will get from God a course opposite to his parents and instithe reward of resurrection and opportu~ tuted vigorous religious reforms in the
nities of life. If they had been your father land.
and mother, would you have followed AdDid you realize too that every one of
am and Eve's course unquestioningly, or the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ left his
would you have made your own decision, parents' religion, whkh was JUdaism, to
as Abel did? _Heb. 11: 4.
become a Christian? The apostle Paul is
Abraham is called "the father of all the most outstanding example of this,
those having faith" and so is one whose since, whiJe following the religion of his
example we could well copy. (Rom. 4:11) parents, he violently persecuted true ChrisHowever, did you know that this man did tians, sincerely believing he was right.
not follow the religion of his father Terah? However, when shown the wrongness of
Terah was a worshiper of Babylonish false his course, he gladlY changed religions.
gods, but Abraham worshiped Jehovah.
Would you have done the same. or would
Some years after the Israelites entered the
land of Canaan, their leader Joshua drew you have stuck to the religion into which
attention to this fact regarding their com~ you were born?-Phil. 3:4-7.
Some, however, insisted on following the
man forefather by saying: "It was on the
course
of their fathers even though they
other side of the River that your fore~
fathers dwelt a long time ago, Terah the knew their parents did not have God's apfather of Abraham and the father of Na~ proval. Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, is
hor, and they used to serve other gods." an apt illustration of this. Instead of makThen, encouraging them to leave behind ing reforms in Israel and rejecting the bad
these false gods, he continued: "Remove example set by his father in his later
the gods that your forefathers served on years, he told the people he would conthe other side of the River and in Egypt, tinue his father's policies as to rulership.
and serve Jehovah. Now if it is bad in
Listen to his words: "And now my father,
your eyes to serve Jehovah, choose for
for
his part, loaded upon you a heavy yoke;
yourselves today whom you will serve,
whether the gods that your forefathers but I, for my part, shall add to your yoke.
... served or the gods of the Amorites in My father, for his part, chastised you with
whose land you are dwelling. But as for whips, but I, for my part, shall chastise
me and my household, we shall serve Je~ you with scourges." Because of this, Rehovah." Obviously, it would not have been hoboam lost God's favor and ten out of
right for the Israelites to hold to the reli~ twelve tribes rebelled against him, thus
gion of any pagan forefathers at that time. dividing the nation. Certainly we would
-Josh. 24:2, 14, 15.
not want to make the same mistake RehoWe have other examples too, such as boam did because of rigidly holding to our
Jonathan, who refused to join his father parents' teachings!-l Ki. 12:11.
OCTOBER 22, 1964
TH~~.GL
tranquilizers?
Sales of tranquilizers have sky-rocketed in recent years, and at the same time
there has been considerable intensive study of what, if any, undesirable side effects
they may have. For the most part, medical researchers have felt that they were
invaluable in treating mental patients, and that the side effects were minimal.
Recently, however, it was reported that onethird of those who had received tranquilizing drugs for prolonged periods were found to have liver abnormalities, and
it is reported' that the United States Food and Drug Administration had ordered
that two tranquilizers be taken off the market, for reasons of safety.
AWAKE!
11U
~E . ["olll:ulriition
some material that
is heavy in thought
content, do you
find that your mind persists in drifting
to other things? Do you suddenly remember that you must make a note about something you want to do tomorrow? Do you
get up to make a telephone call, sharpen
your pencil, get something to eat or do any
number of other things that come to your
mind while you are studying? Or, after
you have read a few pages, do
you fall asleep? If this has been
your experience, you
need to improve your
power of concentration.
Concentration is the
act of controlling your
attention by focusing
your mind upon one
thing, which might
be a talk, a book or
a problem. It entails _ _-l((;,-;!~
the elimination of
all mental images foreign
to your train of thought.
For many people this is very difficult to do;
yet they can achieve this ability by knowing what would help them to concentrate.
in quiet surroWldings. Although sollie persons like to have a radio on when they
study, you will find concentration easier
with it oft'.
By establishing the habit of promptly
focusing your mind on your, study material, you will find that concentration will
come easier for you than if you dawdled
over trifling preliminaries that give you
excuses for putting off your studying.
Once you get started do not permit
thoughts of other things you could do to
enter your mind and interrupt your thinking. Put off making phone calls, getting
something to eat, and so forth, Until your
study period is over. Resist the temptation
to do anything but study during the period
Other Aids to Concentration
you set aside for that purpose.
In addition to cultivating interest, there
Setting goals is a practice that greatly
are a number of things that can be done to
aids
concentration. A long-term goal stimhelp focus your mind on a subject and to
keep it tbere. A position that suggests work ulates you to apply your mental energies to
is much better for concentration than one achieve It. Without the goal you would
that suggests a feeling of laziness. Sit erect lack an incentive that stimulates intense
at a desk or table where you are accus- interest and the ability to concentrate. If
tomed to working. Trying to study while you casually read a book or even a magalying on a bed or sitting in an easy chair zine article that has material that chalis not conducive to concentration, because lenges your thinking, you will have a much
the mind associates such positions with re- more difflcult time keeping your mind on it
laxation, not work. The tendency to be- without a goal than if you read the macome drowsy is greater in those positions. terial with a goal in mind. For example,
Some persons like to study in the evening yoU will find it far easier to concentrate
dressed in their pajamas, but this too may on an article that explains a difficult pasbe unwise. Putting on pajamas is the cus- sage in the Bible when you are seeking the
tomary preliminary for going ~ bed. It answer to a question someone has asked
conditions you for sleep. Instead of bejng you than if you read it casually with no
able to focus your attention on your study objective in mind. Your goal will be findmaterial, you may fall asleep over it.
ing the answer to the question, and that
When you begin studying be determined is an incentive to concentration on the
to resist the temptation to look up when material.
10
A WAKEI
the information grows, however, concen- instructions, for example, is certain to fortration can become more difficult because get them in a matter of minutes. But conthe element of newness is no longer there centration improves your power to reto hold the attention. The mind tends to member.
By your cultivating the habit of paying
wander.
Realization of the value and importance close attention when you listen, when you
of the material you are studying can help read and in your observation of things,
to maintain the level of interest necessary concentration will become easier for you.
to overcome the dulling influence of fa- You will have less difficulty with your
mind's taking excurmiliarity. Thinking of
sions. Habit is like a
ways you can use the
ARTICurs IN 1lIE NEXT ISSUE
pa th that becomes
informa tion also
.Emancipation
from Fear of Death.
deeper, wider and
helps you to concen.Costa Rica's Torment.
more clearly marked
trate. Here is where
.What Kind of Professional Man Are You?
every time it is used,
having long-term and
.What's Gaing On at Church?
making travel over it
short-term goals are
easier. So it is with
important. In the
case of our illustration about Bible study, the habit of concentrating. It can replace
an article that contains no new material the habit of letting your mind wander. The
will not cause a person's mind to wander if cultivation of good mental habits is not
he regards it as valuable review material easy, but it is within your ability if you
for helping him to achieve the goal of bcing make the effort. Thereby your mind will
an effective teacher of God's Word of truth. be made more receptive and retentive of
Oftentimes familiar material is presented new knowledge.
Make it a daily practice to look for infrom a new viewpoint that makes it fresh,
teresting
viewpoints in subjects in which
and if the reader thinks from this viewpoint while he studies the material, his fa- you have not been particularly interested.
miliarity with the information will not dull This will help you to establish a valuable
his interest and weaken his power of con- habit that will serve you well when you
are faced with studying something that recentration.
quires a great amount of thought. By habit
you will look for a viewpoint that will
Improve Concentration
Concentration is an important factor in spark your interest and cause you to focus
the learning process. You should exert all your attention on it.
your utmost effort to develop your ability
Because we live in an intellectual age in
to use it. If you want to grow in knowl- which the value of knowledge is appreciatedge, you must improve your ability to ed, the opportW1ities to learn are great.
focus your attention upon the things you But to make progress in whatever you seek
read and hear. The rewards are well worth to learn, you must discipline your mind to
the effort and self-discipline it requires. No concentrate. Improve your power of condoubt you know from experience that ceutration so that you may gain the valuthings to which you have given only pass- able knowledge and thinking ability that is
ing notice do not stay long in your mem- vital to your welfare in this twentieth
ory. The person who only half listens to century.
12
AWAKEI
can
you
you
are a
MINISTER?
Recognition as a Minister
Under the Universal Military Training
and Service Act, the government considers
a minister to be one who, as his regular
and customary vocation, preaches and
teaches the principles of a religious organization of which he is a member. It does not
inClude a person who irregularly preaches
and teaches.
The Supreme Court of the United
States, in its decision of November 30,
1953, in the case of Dickinson vs. United
States, gave this view: "The ministerial
exemption, as was pointed out in the Senate Report accompanying the 1948 Act,
'is a narrow one, intended for the leaders
of the various religious faiths and not for
the members generally.' ... Certainly all
members of a religious organization or
OCTOBER 22, 1964
Secular Employment
What the Supreme Court then stated is
of great interest: "The statutory definition
of a 'regular or duly ordained minister'
does not preclude all secular employment.
Many preachers, including those in the
more traditional and orthodox sects, may
not be blessed with congregations or parishes capable of paying them a living wage.
A statutory ban on all secular work would
mete out draft exemptions with an uneven
hand, to the detriment of those who minister to the poor and thus need some secular work
order to survive."
in
13
14
15
FOREIGN
EW, if any, fi~
nan cia I projects in the history of mankind
have matched
America's foreign aid program
of the last twenty
years. More than
$103 billion
($103,916,000,000) of the United States taxpayers' money from 1946 to
1963 was spent on foreign aid of one kind
or another. Rarely has a single undertaking seen so much waste and frustration,
bungles and blunders, frivolities and failures as this one. America's foreign aid
program has been called the most widely
misjudged, the most hotly controversial,
and yet 'one of the most critical major
strands in the fabric of America's policy
toward the world
Asia, Europe, Africa and Latin America
have all received aid. By 1963 the list of
recipient countries and ethnic groups had
grown to 112, leaving only a few countries
in the whole "free world" that were not re~
ceiving some sort of United States assis~
tance. Places many Americans never heard
of. such as Chad. Gabon, Niger, Senegal,
Dahomey, have received millions of dollars in American aid, without the average
taxpayer's knowing how the money was
being spent.
16
17
1957 and 1962, revealed that total imports Dutch. Built a silica plant in Formosa at
from the United States rose about four and the cost of more than $150,000, which opa half times as fast as economic aid. Amer- erated for thirty days and then closed
ica's total assets. abroad have increased at down because of a lack of silica. Built four
a faster pace than the balance-of-payments wheat-flour mills in South Korea although
deficit. Reports show that at the end of no wheat was grown in that country at the
1962 American assets, private and public, time. Paid the tuition costs and living exexceeded total liabilities to foreigners by penses for the sons of hundreds of wealthy
$27 billion. Also, some 600,000 American Iranians attending American universities
workers are employed directly 01' indirect- and colleges. Built an Italian village that
ly, because of the demand for -goods fi- nobody could be persuaded to live in_"
nanced by aid. This in part is the good side
In Cambodia American aid paid $34 million for a road that needed major repairs
of aid.
or complete rebuilding before it was comA Closer Look at Aid
pleted. At the same time a highly publiDespite the fact that purchasing power cized $10-million Russian-financed 500-bed
has created markets and a measure of pros- gift hospital was found to be built in part
perity for some nations, the overall aid with materials bought with American forpicture is not an altogether pleasant one, eign aid dollars.
however. Authors Andrew Tully and MilSince 1954 Americans have dumped $365
ton Britten in their book Where Did Your
million
into Cambodia. With what political
Money Go? say that over the years, foreffect?
In 1963 Cambodia's Prince Siha
eign aid has been plagued by so much "pernouk
said:
"Should we be obliged one day
functory, careless and ill-informed spendto
choose
between
[Red] China and the
ing that it is a neal' miracle it has not been
others,
we
would
without
hesitation choose
destroyed by the outrage of Main Street.
.
..
the
People's
Republic
I Communist1 of
From Iraq to Korea, it sometimes has
China
....
If
we
do
not
side
with the Comseemed that Uncle Sam was spending his
munists
in
1963
we
will
have
to do so in
dollars in a kind of desperation, as though
1965
or
1966.
This
is
inevitable."
he was afraid they would go out of style."
In Peru, American taxpayers' dollars
They report that "in South Korea, the taxbuilt
a $15-million road that wound up on
payers paid the salaries and expenses of a
the
side
of a Peruvian mountain in the
corps of American experts dispatched to
middle
of
nowhere. After the mad was
teach the Koreans how to grow more rice.
built,
presumably
to open isolated areas
And yet the per-acre production of rice in
for
farming,
the
soil
was found too poor to
Korea was already many times the pergrow
anything.
A
$14-million
relief proacre production in Louisiana, where modgram
was
so
badly
handled
that,
out of a
ern methods were used."
total
of
106,000
tons
of
grain,
only
5,028
They write that, at one time or another,
tons
were
actually
distributed
free
to
the
foreign aid "paid for free airplane excurhungry.
sions for thousands of Arabs visiting the
Through 1963 almost $415 million have
Moslem shrine at Mecca. Financed a fifteenmile, six-lane highway connecting the been emptied into Jordan. Some $60 milPortuguese capital of Lisbon with the gam- lion are pumped into Jordan yearly. A rebling resort of Estoril. Paid for a 'psycho- action of a Britisher, who had recently
logical' project in the Netherlands for the come up from Kenya to manage a Britishpurpose of studying the behavior of the run bank in Jordan, \\'as: "My word, $60
18
AWAKE!
million a year! How do you. [Americans] America turned down the idea. The basic
manage to spend all that money and have complaint was that the project was "soso little to show for it? Why, in East AfriJ cialistic," even though the mill was to be
ca we could have had a paradise for that!" publicly owned and would eventually pay
But Jordan is far from being a paradise. for itself in savings. At the same time
'Plrough fiscal 1963 America managed America sees nothing wrong: in giving $2.5
to pour $807 million into Gamal Abdel billion to Communist Yugoslavia, millions
Nasser's United Arab Republic. Egypt re- to Communist Poland, and even does busiceives some $224 million a year and spends ness with Russia directly. Little wonder
$1.50 million of that amount a year in its nations find American methods hard to
war on Yemen. The United States, there- understand.
fore, is placed in the position of financing
In 1961 a $20-billion venture called AlEgypt's war.
liance for Progress was launched in Latin
One purpose of aid to Indonesia was to America. Many Latins, however, failed to
stabilize that nation's economy. Indonesia understand that this was not another one
sapped the Communist bloc for about $1.7 of Uncle Sam's giveaways, but that aid
billion in cumulative commitments and the would be predicated on efforts within the
United States for $804 million in economic countries themselves to initiate the reaid and some $77 million in military assis- forms that would make the use of the aid
tance. America even granted that nation a meaningful. So after two years only seven
$17 million "emergency" loan. Yet that of the nineteen countries had yet submitsame week Indonesia announced that she ted blueprints for effective use of the monwas going to spend $20 million to puy ey available to them. By December, 1963,
three plush United States jet airliners. nobody really had any new ideas about
United States Representative Minshall what should be done about Latin America.
said: "We got hoodwinked." As for IndoThis, of course, is not the whole story
nesia's loyalty and gratitude for aid, Presi- about American foreign aid. As Sprui1le
dent Sukarno predicted that Indonesia Braden, former United States Ambassador
would see the day when "the old estab- and Assistant Secretary of State, said: "It
lished forces" (the West) would collapse. would take volumes to describe adequately
In Korea, America spent more than $3.3 the vast and unending evils of foreign aid."
billion in military aid and $2.1 billion in He said: "It encourages communism and
economic aid between 1945 and 1963. Af- foments collectivism and sociaUsm all over
ter the Korean wcrr, racketeers carted off the globe." He called the program 'intolmuch of the $80 million worth of surplus erable and immoral," and expressed a wish
material. In a 1962 report to the American that someday it will be taken off the alCongress the General Accounting Office ready overloaded backs of Americans.
said that $1.2 billion spent by the United
Whatever might be said, pro or can,
States in Korea from 1957 to 1961 had ac- about American foreign aid, or the aid of
'tually stunted economic growth and en- any other nation, this much appears cercouraged corruption.
tain, that it has become an integral part of
Over a period of ten years neu"iral India foreign relations, a weapon of expediency
has received some $5 billion in American in short-range diplomacy, a powerful peraid. Yet when she wanted a $900-million suasive force to nations, yet without any
,loan over a period of fourteen years toward clear-cut global evidence of its ultimate
the cost of building the Bokaro steel mill, worth.
OOTOBER
~~,
1964
19
OUR GROWTH--A
IfIPlJf1111II111f1111.
VOLUTION has
been credited by
many for our being
alive. On the other
hand, the Creator has
been acknowledged by
some for our existence.
To whom do you give
the credit? Really, to whom is the credit
due for the marvelous way in which we
grew and came to be?
Interest in finding the true answers was
stimulated by a small card announcing the
arrival of a looked-forward-to baby, which
prompted a visit to the hospital. In this
instance, it was to the Panama Hospital,
located in a pretty, easily accessible residential district of Panama City. The
friendly. easy manner of this institution
made us feel welcome, and we immediately
went down the sparkling corridors to the
nursery.
Since the rules of this ward permit parents the privilege of becoming acquainted
with their precious heritage right from
the beginning, we found mother and baby
together in the room. Mother's lovely
brown eyes beamed affectionately on her
cherished bundle of life as it stretched,
squirmed, wiggled, squinted its eyes, twisted, and relaxed into quietness, interrupted
only by the fast ups and downs of its little
tummy. Every crease, every fold, every de-
20
Prenatal Developmenl
Photography and careful study of speci~
mens at different stages of growth have
revealed many interesting things regarding
the growth of a baby within its mother.
Life begins when the male cell, the 8perma~
tozoon, one of the tiniest of all human cells,
unites with and fertilizes the female cell,
the ovum, the largest single cell in the hu~
man body and the one that contains the
yolk from which nourishment will come
during the first few days of life. From
this union conception of a new individual
results, and the intricate process of growth
into a fully developed baby begins. Approximately nine months ago this throbbing en~
tity of trillions of highly diversified cells
that we had come to the hospital to see
was but one such cell!
How fast it grew! Thirty hours after fertilization that one cell divided into two
cells; in fifty hours, four came to be; in
sixty hours, eight. On the third day, it is
reported, more than a dozen cells are
formed. Together, these cells are still only
about the size of a period. At the end of
the first week, when this cluster of cells
reaches the uterus, it attains the size of a
pinhead! Little burrlike tendrils form and
begin attaching themselves to the uterine
wall. Here the cluster nests for develop~
ment, establishing a dependent relationship
with the mother.
For the entire first month extravagant
changes take place. The outer layer of ceUs
grow into fetal membranes, which, in time,
enclose, protect and nourish the developing
embryo. In eighteen days the embryo be~
gins to take shape. Cells having special
functions to perform start to collect together, and connective, muscular, nerve
and epithelial tissues begin to form. Or~
gans such as eyes, liver and the heart can
now be differentiated. The foundations of
systems of the body are being laid! The
rhythmical, life~long beat of the heart even
OCTOBER 22, 1964
21
this delightful cargo, whose marvelous development from conception to now has
been so involuntary on the part of its parents, makes its appearance.
How marvelous it is that it has all happened without any outside building materials or without any human direction! The
head, b0dy, arms and legs have been beautifully formed, sparkling eyes fashioned, a
powerful heart designed, ears capable of
hearing sound produced, yes, all the equipment necessary for life has been built into
this precious little seven- or eight-pound
miracle. Who is responsible for this miraculous development? The inspired Bible
psalmist correctly identified an all-wise
Creator as being responsible. He acknowledged: "You kept me screened off in the
belly of my mother. I shall laud you [the
Creator, Jehovah God] because in a fearinspiring way I am wonderfully made ....
My bones were not hidden from you when
I was made in secret ... Your eyes saw
even the embryo of me."-Ps. 139:13-16.
AWAKE!
of previous gains marks this period; maximum growth in weight and height are
reached, then taper off and cease. Body
form and contour change as boys' shoulders and girls' hips widen. One's individual
physique is realized.
During this period of young manhood
and womanhood,. youth, if properly and
carefully directed, begins to assume its new
role of adulthood. YOtmg men and women
take on some of the responsibilities that
until now have been borne by their parents. Physical development reaches its
close, and, if emotional, intellectual and
spiritual growth have kept pace, it is properly said that the individual has "grown
up."
Our attention was now channeled back
to the room here in the hospital as the
Pl,lberty to Adulthood
Not a whit less interesting nor momen- trace of a smile brightened the face of our
tous are the changes that crowd these so recently arrived little hostess. Her eyes
years, for, basically, adolescence can be de- open and a tiny fist finds its way to the
fined as the process of becoming an adult. mouth. This baby is hungry, for, after all,
Webster's Collegiate Dictionary defines pu- it has a lot of growing to do!
berty as "the period at which sexual maIts parents thrill as they contemplate
turity is reached ... designated legally as how their little one ,vill continue to follow
fourteen for boys and twelve for girls." growth's pattern in its own unique way.
Biologically, however, a hard and fast age Although different from all others, yet this
limit could no! be set, for the time when baby of theirs was also designed according
the reproductive and glandular systems to the master blueprint of the Great
come to their height of development varies Draftsman, Jehovah God. Like all other
with the individual.
babies it would continue to grow according
During these years of adolescence the to the pattern of growth for which He
gamut of the emotions is run. One day the alone is responsible.
highest of the high mountains does not
Intricate, complex, fascinating, marvesoar high enough to express one's jubi- lous? Yes, we concur with the happy par~
lance; the next day the lowest of the low ents of that baby that our growth is all of
valleys is insufficient in its depth to depict that and more, for our growth is indeed a
one's depression. Physically, consolidation display of divine wisdom.
While changes in physique are occurring,
behavior patterns are also forming and
changing. Milestones in accomplishments
are charted. Baby holds his chin up, then
his chest; he begins to sit with support,
then alone; he stands with help, or holding
on to something; crawls, pulls himself up
by a piece of furniture; stands alone--walks! Or it may be a recognizable syllable
uttered by the haby, then a word-two
words; then an apparent loss of interest in
vocabulary gain-then several words, and
finally thought-conveying phrases and sentences. There is no end to the multitudinous changes, as day by day, year after
year intricate processes of growth continue, and adolescence is reached.
"SIZE IMPRESSION"
The trade journal Modern Packaging reported that a hand lotion
manufacturer appurently approved a news release by its design consul
tant pointing out thl:' need to restyle its bottles to improve "size im
pression." "A relatively tall, graceful bottle was modeled," says the re.lease triumphantly, "that in a 5ounce size actually gives the appearance
of being larger than thl:' old 10ounce size." It pays to read the label.
OCTOBER 22, 1964
23
INDIA'S
FOOD PROBLEM
By "Awake!" correspondent In India
24
221064
stored grains through depredations of insects, rodents and monkeys. While people
feel that not much can be done immediately about this latter cause for loss, they do
believe that the Government should adopt
some concrete measures to deal with those
who unscrupulously manipulate the cost of
staple foods. It is true that the Ruling
Party has issued stern warning to the merchants and, referring to the culprits in
their midst, has declared: "If you are not
able to control these black sheep, we will
have to step in to control them. The Government will not be fOW1d wanting. We
will take ruthless action 'if the community
is exploited." Their critics, however, declare that the Administration cannot solve
the current problem with platitudes, claiming also that the Government's warnings
and ultimatums to the merchants were but
"hollow threats~"
There appears to be agreement on the
fact of profiteering by grain dealers. On
the one hand, a Government spokesman
states that "even when there was the
slightest scarcity in food grains, the dealers took advantage of it and increased the
prices and thus exploited the consumers."
On the other hand, opposition spokesmen
protested that the same pattern was allowed to prevail every year. The prices of
food grains went down soon after the harvest. But no s.ooner had the farmers' stocks
been bought by food-grain dealers at a low
price than the prices again shot up. Thus
the agriculturist and the consumer were
fleeced by the dealers, and the Government
has not put a stop to this exploitation, they
charge.
26
AWAKE!
28
'*
'*
Rlots In Saigon
Grocf'ry Grab
Since midApril the Pepsi
Cola Company and its local
~
29
oZ
'*
30
'*
Perseverance
In July Juana Zlegel DegeIon of Santiago, Chile, obtained
her title of PhysIcian-Surgeon
and the congratulations of the
dean of the Medical Faculty of
the University of Chile as \yell
as the congratulations of other
members of the examination
committee and fellow students.
The new doctor had begun her
studies twentyeight years ago.
Finally. after a number of in
terruptions, she obtained her
title at the age of sixty-five_
'*
Mineral Discovery
-At Tel Kaikh, Syria, phosphate rocks rich in uranium
have been found. Also in the
desert at Palmyra, Syria, radioactive mjnerais have been
located. On the banks of the
Euphrates River a thousand
million tons of salt rock have
been discovered recently. In
northern Syria some 27,000,000
tops of iron ore are available
for the benefit of man. On
September 7 it was reported
that a deposit of one million
tons of uranium had been
found in Sweden. And BrItish
scientists, by means of their'
new method of extracting ura
nium from seawater, have, it
is believed, found a way for
the world to obtain an almost
unlimited supply of atomic
energy fuel. The earth abounds
with riches that have hardly
been tapped.
A Tragedy In Mexico
>$I About 1,500 people gathered
'*
tXXXXXXXXX%XxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxX%xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX)
~T'HI1lST'IXGAF~y
~RIGHTEOUSNE~
IF YOU ARE
Then you need
a Bible you can study
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the large-print edlUon of the New Worl1! Trat!8!atJQft of the Holy Scripture8. I
am enclosing 32/3 (tor Australia, 1/19/9; for South Africa, RJ.25).
Name ..
Post
Town .... ,
31
WORLD TENSION
can
be
YOURSI
Fear grips the world. It is
spawned in insecurity, doubts,
suspicions. It is fostered by
family disunity, political animosities, racial rivalries. It is
gnawing at the vitals of our
civilization and its tensions
threaten the world's sanity.
Destroy it before it destroys
you. Understand its causes, be
freed from its blinding influences. Read ...
One year, 71_ (fo,
"u,tralla, 8/-: for
South Africa, 70cl.
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
.....
.... u
LONDON N.W. 7
I am enclosin! 7/- (tor Australia, 8/_; for South Atrlca 70c) tor a year'S subscription for the
tear'destro"ing ournal Awake! 1"or malilng the couron l: am to receive tree the three tenslonrelieving booklets Take Courage--God's Kingdom 18 a Hand!, Security During "War of tlul Great
Day 0/ God the AlmIghty" and When God Speaks Peace to All Nations.
Name ...... .
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Town ...... .
In: AUSTRALiA: 11 Beresford Rd., Strathfleld. N.S.W. CANADA: 150 Brldgeland Ave., Toronto 19, Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag 2, P.O. Eiandsfonteln, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 111 Adams St., BrOOklyn, N.Y. 1120t
32
AWAKE
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
Pre8ident
GRANT SUlTER.
4,100,000
~1.I,a.3~ )
"_
,ub""o1pllQZl .al..
mlmonthly .~IlI.n'
~early
'or ..
Secretary
1/-
Thl Blbl. I.an.lltln ,...Iarly .,,4 In "Aw.',!"' r. Ib, Ihw Wo.l. T.ln.,.tron .r Ihl Holy S",lpt.ru, 19151
Whon ath .. translallon........, I~I. II .Iu.ly .. ark'd.
odllll~.
CONTENTS
With the Will, You Will Find a Way
Emancipation from Fear of Death
Costa Rica's Torment
11
12
17
I.
21
25
27
29
Volume XLV
Numb8r 21
WITHTH~nn9
YOU WILL FIND
~d7
NOV~MBER
8, 1964
To lay hold of something of surpassing value, you must often be wining to sac
rifice something- else. Jesus said: "The kingdom of the heavens is like a traveling
merchant seeking fine pearls. Upon finding one pearl of high value, away he went
and promptly sold alZ the things he had and bought it!'-Matt. 13:45, 46.
AWAKE!
EMANCIPATIO
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
What Death 18
From the Bible we learn that God's original purpose was for his perfect earthly
children to enjoy life forever. He blessed
the first human couple; he wanted them
to extend the paradise garden earth-wide,
without ever dying. How did death enter?
It was man's disobedience that brought the
sentence of death. (Gen. 3:19) By inheritance from our first parent, sin and death
have passed on to all Adam's children.
(Rom. 5:12) Thus it came about that all
men die.
But do we have to submit to slavery aU
through our life because of fear of death
11:35.
How Freed from Fear of Death
Life is sweet, and naturally no one
wants to die. But, is it true that "everything that a man has he will give in behalf
of bis soul" or life? Satan said so. (Job
2:4) On the other hand, Jesus Christ said:
"Whoever wants to save his soul will lose
it; but whoever loses his soul for my sake
will find" it." This issue involves the in
tegrity of human creatures who owe their
lives and exclusive devotion to the Creator.
When faced with danger or even death,
which side do you support by the decision
you make? Would you violate God's law
on blood if a doctor assured you that a
transfusion would save your life? In case
proper medical treatment is unavailing or
unavailable, would you resort to fetish or
demonistic cures or to so-called "faith
healing"? Would you violate your conscience and compromise Christian integri.
ty under pressure? If you would, then you,
too, say: HEverything that a man has he
will give in behalf of his soul." Our present life is valuable, but it is not worth the
price of integrity. It is not worth canceling out all hope for eternal life in a per;"
fect world now so near. As Jesus said:
"What benefit will it be to a man if he gains
the whole world but forfeits his soul? or
what will a man give in exchange for his
soul?" "He that is fond of his soul destroys
it, but he that hates his soul in this world
will safeguard it for everlasting life."
-Matt. 16:25. 26; John 12:25.
Hundreds of Christians in Liberia endured brutal treatment and threats of
death because they refused to worship an
AWAKE!
NOVIilMBIJJR 8, 1964
morning hours to the intensity of a tropical storm. Deep drifts of ash on the sides
of the mountain soaked up a maximum of
rainwater, but, when the saturation point
was reached, the sodden ash began sliding
down the slope and into the ash-clogged
Reventado River. The great weight of the
added water and ash swept before it the
tons of ash that had accumulated in the river's bed and bore it along down the mountain toward Cartago. Huge boulders weighing tons, trees, wildlife-everything in its
path was carried along. As the onrushing
flood smashed into the small settlements
near Cartago, it tore houses from their
foundations and carried them down the
valley in a deluge of mud, rocks and debris.
One survivor reported: "We heard rumblings from the volcano. The winds were
whistling more strongly all the time. The
rain caII,le. There were frightening noises.
It was terrible. I don't want to pass another night here for anything in the
world." Another, who lost husband and
child, described her experience this way:
"The wind was very strong and it was
raining hard. When we opened the door we
were forced out by the wind and the rain.
We fell down. I lost my small son. My husband disappeared. We were all drowning.
I couldn't see anyone. Suddenly someone
helped me." The fire department's prompt
report to the capital stated tersely: "This
is really terrible. The houses are jammed
together at the edge of the street and it is
feared that there are people in them."
There were people in some of them. Houses
had been carried away bodily or filled with
mud. Mammoth rocks were strewn about
like pebbles. A wide swath of the city's
suburb had been cut away.
The losses at Cartago were reported as
twelve dead, three hundred injured, and
over 500 homes destroyed. The government immediately dispatched such help as
it could provide. The United States promptNOVEMBER 8, 1964
Iy sent one million dollars in cash to replace the wrecked homes, and later sent a
group of Navy Seabees to help construct
defenses against future floods.
Other damage to property throughout
Costa Rica has been extensive, though less
spectacular. Since the current eruptions
began, thousands of tons of the "fallout"
have drifted over valuable farmlands, causing millions of dollars of damage to crops
and livestock. The chemical constituents of
the ash, such as silicon, iron, calcium,
aluminum and magnesium, are, in' small
quantity, really most beneficial to the lush,
fertile fannlands of the country. In large
doses they have a lethal effect. Thousands
of acres have been covered over and all
plant life killed off. The country's milk
production is down 20 percent, its sugar
production down 25 percent, as a result of
this plague. Fruits and vegetables are in
short supply, pushing up prices by 100
percent, in some cases.
Perhaps the greatest worry to Costa
Rica is the effect of this lethal shower
upon its coffee farms, about one-quarter
of which lie in the path of the falling ash.
Coffee is a $48-million annual business and
accounts for one-half of the total exports.
It has been estimated that during the first
two years of eruptions by Mount Irazu the
country will have sustained a loss to the
coffee crop alone of something like $30
million. Experts claim that, even if the
eruptions were to cease tomorrow, it
would take anywhere from six months to
three years to restore the land that has
been desolated. Coffee growers explain that
when the ash is falling during the flowering season it interferes with proper pollenation and so cuts down the yield.
During the rainy season from May to
December the situation is somewhat more
tolerable for the population. Afternoon
rains wash away the accumulated ash and
clear the air momentarily. But for the
9
10
....:.aen. 7: 11.
11
of Nazareth
uttered on one
occasion may
also be said to
apply: "Indeed, everyone
to whom much
was given,
much will be
demanded of
him; and the
one whom people put in
charge of
much, they
will demand
more than usual of him."-Luke 12:48.
That :the application of this principle to
the professions is generally recognized is
apparent from the comprehensive definItion of "profession" as used here: "A calling requiring specialized knowledge and
often long and intensive preparation including instruction in skills and methods,
... maintaining by force of organization
or concerted opinion high standards of
achievement and conduct, committing its
members to continued study and to a kind
of work which has for its prime purpose
the rendering of a public service."-Webster's Third New International Dictionary.
However, human nature being what it
is, it should not be surprising that at times
professional men fail to measure up to the
standard set for them or that they may
have set for themselves. They are faced
with peculiar temptations, have greater
challenges to meet, more subtle snares
against which to be on guard. As a poet
once expressed it: "Never a treasure without a following shade of care; never a power without the lurk of a subtle snare."
Among the questions that the professional man might well ask himself are
these: Am I sufficiently humanitarian, that
is, truly sympathetic, toward those whom
1/JdNHdol
PROFESSIONAL
MAN
au t/fNI.'
HE doctor's
telephone
rang. A representative of a drug company
was on the wire. Would the doctor be willing to tryout a certain drug on one hundred patients and report the results? For
doing so he would receive $4,000. That
wou1d have been the easiest $4,000 the doctor had ever earned. Did he accept?
No, Dr. Edward Adelson, blood specialist of Washington, D.C., refused the offer.
Why? Because, as he himself said: "Had
I taken the $4,000 I would have been either dishonest or stupid. I know what Wallace Labs want. If the $4,000 ir,terests me
even at the subconscious level, it becomes
to my advantage to have the results come
out well." Instead of accepting the offer,
he reported it to the United States government.1
The foregoing news item may be said
to illustrate the challenges that professional people, such as doctors, have to meet
at times. By reason of their education and
training they almost invariably have many
advantages over persons engaged in other
pursuits; in particular do they enjoy a
high degree of public trust and respect. To
them, therefore, the principle that Jesus
12
AWAKEI
Adequately Skilled?
Second only to having the right mental
attitude toward your profession is adequate skill therein. As a professional man
you should be qualified to do the work for
13
which you get paid and for which you occupy a position of trust. Of course, it is
not expected that any physician or surgeon
know everything, but he should be honest,
know his limitations, do his best and ever
be willing to learn.
That there are serious lacks in this regard is no professional secret. Thus, back
in 1959, the director of the American College of Surgeons reported that one of the
world's most distinguished surgeons had
told him that at least half of his practice
"consists of attempts to correct the bad results of surgery undertaken ... by doctors
inadequately trained in this field."e
And just last year a book very critical
of the medical profession in Canada was
published, giving the results of eight years
of investigation conducted at the request
of the Canadian College of General Practice. According to the press, "many senior
members of the profession said privately
they felt these criticisms were justified."
To quote one of them, the report "is a serious study of an important area of medical
practice.... It points out that some general practitioners -are better than others,
an observation that is not surprising, but
what reany hurts is the proportion of
general practitioners who are categorized
as below acceptable standards of competence." According to this book, The General Practitioner, by Dr. Clute, 28 percent
of the Ontario family physicians studied
were "incompetent and a potential danger
to their patients."T
Helping to understand the peculiar snare
the professional man has to guard against
in this matter are the words of Dr. Alton
Ochsner, described as "one of the world's
great physic,ians":
"The fact that we are physicians tends to
make us prima donnas. Doctors get more
credit than they deser~. I have always felt
that most patients would get well regardless
of what I have done for them... When I
realize that, It helps me keep my perspec-
14
Open-minded?
By reason of greater learning acquired
over long years of study, internship and
practice, you as a professional man may
be peculiarly susceptible to becoming opinionated instead of remaining open-minded
regarding what is new or that which involves just plain good sense. What a danger this may represent can be seen from
the fact that Fleming's discovery of peni.
cillin might well have been lost to humankind had not World War II brought with
it a great demand for antibacterial remedies. England's opinionated medical profession simply refused to believe that mold
could be an antibiotic!
Yes, being open-minded makes for progress and the dropping of fallacious theories
and practices, but being opinionated slows
down both. To cite another instance:
There was the open-minded eminent surgeon who became convinced that patients,
after an operation or after childbirth,
should soon start to move around. What
success did he have in convincing his col
leagues in the United States? As Dr. Walter Alvarez, one of America's leading
physicians, telIs it: "It took seven years of
effort even to get some doctors to let him
come to a meeting and tell them what he
had found. They would not let him speak
before a society, and no medical editor
would publish his paper. It was only after
nine years that Dr. Leithauser could induce the editor of a medical journal to publish his paper in which he said nothing had
gone wrong with the persons who I')ad been
AWAKEI
Of course, there was more than one anallowed to dangle their legs right away,
and no disaster had happened to those who swer to Eisenhower's question. He may
were allowed to walk around on the third have quit smoking too late; and those four
doctors may well be victims of heart ator fourth day."9
Then again, for years and years the tacks even before they get as old as Eisenmedical profession has ridiculed "unortho- hower was. But the fact remains that those
dox" theories as to the causes of cancer. doctors were setting a poor example for
But now, according to the "most compre- their patient. If anyone should take his
hensive survey on the causes and preven- health seriously, it should be the doctor,
tion of cancer ever issued by the World for how can he expect his patients to take
Health Organization," not only cigarette his advice seriously if he does not practice
smoking and air pollution are implicated, what he preaches?
In striking contrast to those four docbut also "overeating, excessive consumptors
is one of the world's leading heart
tion of alcohol, sunbathing, lipstick, and
speCialists,
Paul Dudley White. He keeps
artificial colors and flavors in food"-some
of the very things that many unorthodox preaching, Take a lot of exercise to keep
the heart strong, and he practices what he
practitioners had also implicated. tO
preaches. At seventy-seven years he keeps
his heart in good condition by taking long
Practice What You Preach?
If you are a professional man who is fa- walks, chopping wood, mowing lawns, ridmiliar with the Bible you will know that ing a bicycle, and so forth. His advice carthe words of Jesus of Nazareth, "All the ries weight!
things they tell you, do and observe, but
do not do according to their deeds, for they Succumbing to the "Love of Money"
The Bible tells us that "the love of monsay but do not perform," were about the
religious leaders of his day. But have you ey is a root of all sorts of injurious things,"
ever thought how that might fit your and the professional man's love of money
work? Yes, consistency is also required of is no exception to that rule. It also brings
you, for do you not give advice as well as forth injurious things. Not that a profesmedicine, and should not your advice be sion should not be financially remunerabacked up by a good example? Surely! tive; it should be. After all, the professional man has made a considerable investment
-Matt. 23: 2, 3.
Illustrating this point is the incident in education and training and he renders
Dwight Eisenhower relates in his recently valuable services. But if you cannot adepublished autobiography. While recover- quately provide for yourself and your faming from his heart attack he was visited ily and at the same time carryon your
one morning by four of his heart special- profession according to the rule of 'doing
ists. "They earnestly counseled me to avoid to others as you would have them do to
tobacco in all its forms. I listened to them you,' then would it not be better for you
politely and attentively. Then noting that to seek some other means of gaining a
all four of them were smoking, I remarked livelihood?-l Tim. 6:10; Matt. 7:12.
pointedly that I had used no tobacco for
Love of money is responsible for such
more than six years, and wondered why unethical practices or "injurious things"
I should be in bed with a heart attack as fee-splitting and performing unneceswhile they were up and working, apparent- sary operations, although the latter might
at times be due to lack of knowledge or
ly hale and hearty."u
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
15
health.
,.
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
17
-~-
ORIGIN ~ -FUTURE
18
19
20
AWAKE!
21
Various Attractions
Church buildings themselves have become an attraction. In the United States
over a billion dollars ($1,000,000,000) is
being spent on religious buildings each
year, and the number of units erected annually is rapidly approaching 10,000. These
new churches and synagogues come in an
amazing variety of shapes and sizes. Some
bUildings are to be found in the form of
fish, flowers, fountains and folded hands;
some are free forms difficult to describe.
A new Jewish religious center comprises a
synagogue, congregational hall, school,
gymnasium and swimming pool. Outside
terraces can be used for a variety of social
and religious purposes, ranging from dane.
es and parties to weddings under the stars.
In the winter there are facilities for ski
trails and toboggan siopes. Protestant and
Catholic churches have matched these efforts to attract a public that somehow does
not want to be attracted.
Neither tobacco companies nor soap peddlers go through as much flare merchandising their wares as do some clergymen
on Sunday mornings. The clergy advertise
"coffee breaks," air conditioning and cushioned pews. A pastor in Kansas City, Missouri, installed a punch clock in the foyer
of the church. A religious journal said:
HAt Sunday services, churchgoers register
their presence by 'punching in.''' R. J.
Smith, minister of the Bellflower church,
rewarded every family attending Sunday
22
Music's Need
Many today say that the churches are
failing because they are not keeping pace
with modern society. The Anglican bishop
of Bristol, Dr. Oliver Tomkins, suggested
that churchmen should "get hep" to the
times, that religious music needs revitaliz
ing. In Downley, England, Cavell Northam
had a parish of an even dozen persons.
Now St. James Church attracts a hundred
AWAKE!
or more each Sunday. The reason: the has been known to jolt a sleepy congrega...
parson's off-duty ability to play the guitar tion by crashing cymbals during his se'rand sing rock 'n' roll music. Northam mons, to lead jazz liturgies and even to
strums "Don't You Rock Me Daddy-O" on hang art nudes in the sanctuary. Is this
his guitar. The pastor is one of an increas- life? reality? Christian worship? You
ing number of clergymen interested in ty- decide.
ing together religion and popular music.
A Baptist preacher arranged to have
In several London churches rock 'n' roll two private policemen handcuff him and
and jazz concerts are a regular featUre.
haul him from his pulpit during his Easter
The English clergy are not alone in their sermon to "prove a point," which was
swing toward popular music. Canon Stan- never made, understood or appreciated.
rod T. Carmichael, attached to Christ The hoax was so well performed that one
Church Episcopal Cathedral in St. Louis elderly woman fainted. While the police
(U.S.), also believes that a little more life department and the congregation were out
is needed in church ,music. The Cleric searching for the shepherd, the minister
talked about "smoothing" out the hymns. was dining at a first-class hotel with his
Carmichael said the old hymns are "sterile family and relatives. The police did not
musically." He called "Rock of Ages" an thin}{ much of the hoax, and neither do we.
"abominable hymn" and "punk musically." But that is what is going on in churches
John Gensel, pastor of the Lutheran these days in the name of religion.
Church of the Advent in New York, has
Besides jazz, folk songs, ballads, candles
conducted services with music ranging in gin bottles and what have you, some
from "Ecclesiastes" to "Take the 'A' Train clergy have resorted to girls and liquor to
to Harlem" to "Eat that Chicken." The win their numbers. An official church paattitude of music-minded churchgoers ap- per aecused various Australian clergymen
pears to be, "We'ye played this kind of mu- of using girls as "bait" to attract'convicts
sic in clubs and jazz spots; let's play it in to services in Boggo Road gaol chapel. One
clurch and see how God likes it~" the min- minister brought as many as thirty-one
ister said. Some have even recommended girls from his congregation as "an added
that during communion services jazz re- attraction." When the girls were present
place the more staid and conventional there were usually from 140 to 200 men in
sounds.
at~endance, 99 percent of whom probably
did not go for the worship. The ministers
Search for Reality
concerned know perfectly well that 'if they
A number of clergymen believe that the
did not bring the girls their congregations
church is in deadly peril, because it has cut
itself off from life, from reality. And it is would drop sharply,' said the report.
The Associated Press reported that "a
amazing what some of them are doing to
bring life and reality back to church Wil- Latvian court has fined a priest and a dealiam Ben Glenesk, pastor of Brooklyn's con on charges of supplying churchgoers
Spencer Memorial Presbyterian Church, free moonshine vodka from an illegal still
for example, dances in church. His dances in the church belfry." The Russian Orthoare a part of the service. He is called "a dox priest, Sergie Mikstin, said that they
dancing divine, a pirouetting pastor-a were "trying to boost lagging church atkind of New Testament Nijinsky." Besides tendance." And in McCook, Tex~ (U.S.),
sometimes dancing in lieu of preaching, he an old city ordinance dried up the plans
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
23
and the Vancouver Brass Ensemble perfonned, the total number of performers
almost equaled that of the pitifully small
audience.
On the basis of present averages, studies
show that Protestant churches in Massachusetts could dispose of half their seating
capacity and still guarantee everyone a
seat. The best church attenders are still
people in their seventies, a researcher revealed. And in London, where a number of
clerics have set out to convince the people
that the church is, not austere and forbidding, by sltting down with parishioners in
saloons, by banging on barroom pianos
with modern beats and by turning their
collars around to drink with workers at
the local pubs, church attendance still goes
begging. The only convincing discovery
made was that the pub-goer who drinks
with a preacher on Saturday night does
not necessarily go to church on Sunday.
A high church dignitary stated that Britain today offers the same challenge to the
missionary that darkest Africa did in the
last century. This can hardly be interpreted as religious progress.
The clergy should reconsider the partiilg
words of Jesus Christ, which are a com-
THE
,..,AKIKUYU
MAKE A
8"
NHABITING approximately one
million acres in the East African country
of Kenya, the Wakikuyu tribe has recently
been compelled, by circumstances, to undergo a change that is vital to its economic
survival. They are an agricultural people
and the cha,nge has affected what they depend upon for their livelihood-their land.
Before the Europeans came to Kenya all
the land of the Wakikuyu belonged to
clans. Each clan laid claim to certain land
areas. Through the clan elders, land was
apportioned to individual members of the
tribe, making them the lawful owners. The
binding of their ownership was by means
of a sacrificial goat, which was divided
among the elders. In some clan areas, a
plant called a "matoka lily" was planted as
a boundary marker after its roots had
heen dipped in the intestines of the slain
goat. The new landowner then built his
house on the land with its door facing
Mount Kenya, where the tribe believed
that their god resided.
Over the years these landholdings became fragmented, because many members
of the tribe desired to have land at various altitude levels and also because Of the
tribe's inheritance system. For example,
the sons of a family always inherited their
father's land, but the land they inherited
would not necessarily be in the same area
as that already owned by the sons. Thus
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
25
,bring.
When approval was obtained from the
majority of the tribe, the process began for
bringing about this needed change for the
Wakikuyu. After settling all the land cases
that were outstanding, the work of re
cording the individual land fragments be
gan. Seven to eight percent of the total
land owned was deducted for roads, towns,
sChools, dispensaries, cattle dip areas, mar
kets, administrative and religious sites.
De1lU'lrcation
An aerial survey of the whole area was
carried out to provide maps for the survey
teams. With the aid of the maps, the teams
began their work. They first put out
groWld markers to indicate the public
lands. Then they began marking the indi
vidual holdings. When laying out each
fann, effort was made to keep the sur
veyed Wlits within the clan area of each
owner.
Four acres and over was considered to
be an economic Wlit, which meant that the
owner would be permitted to live on his
farm. But Wlits under four acres were considered subeconomic, and the owners were
given living plots in the townships, with
their small farm holdings located within
walking distance of their homes. Effort
also was made to consolidate an owner's
land nearest the best and largest fragment
of what he previously held. In instances
where highly fertile land had been given
up, the consolidated farm was apportioned
in a similar area. In all cases the owner or
his representative was present during the
demarcation of his holdings. Finally, title
deeds were issued.
Teams of agricultural advisers were sent
into the area by the Kenya government to
give advice on developing the farmland.
They did much to help the people to get
established on their new land. Demonstration farms were set up, to which farmers
could be sent so as to receive simp~e basic
instruction in farming and animal husbandry.
Land consolidation was a major change
in the life of the Wakikuyu tribe. It meant
that their traditional methods had to be
set aside. But the change was for their
economic welfare. Their farmers can now
make the maximum use of the land and
apply modern farming methods.
Although the consolidating of their land
will benefit them greatly, the Wakikuyu
are still faced with a problem that confronts many people the world over. That
problem is insufficient land for the growing population. Perhaps this problem can
be lessened for them and other tribes by
learning how to make use of Kenya's land
areas that are at present uninhabitable because of prevailing drought conditions or
infestation by the hated tsetse fly. In the
meantime the tribe can enjoy the benefits coming from their courage to break a
tribal tradition.
AWAKEI
A.TCHI
Tragedy In Venezuela
~
On August 23, 1964, Venezuela was appaUed by a tragedy that took the lives of at
least 38 people, and left many
families mourning. The scene
was Carom National Park.
where delegates to a teachers'
convention were on tour. A
threefoot-wlde swinging bridge
spanned the rocky gorge of the
Mist Falls Rapids, providing
+ The
'*
'*
Vodka Consumption
+ On
29
tanT ties
30
Snakes Allve
.. Nearly 7,000 of the world's
most dangerous snakes were
captured in East Africa, mea
sured, tagged, kept under observation for a short time and
then released. The West Afri
can people call the poisonous
reptiles "gwobedanisa" or "the
tomorrow that never comes."
Viper catchers call these little
snakes the saw-scaled or car
pet vipers. The term "saw
scale" comes from the snake's
serrated scales, which are
rubbed together during an
attack, producing a rasping
noise. These deadly creatures
hunt only at night. The venom
from the captured snakes was
extracted for the production of
antitoxic s.uhs.tan~. TM >:~'}
tiles are hardly ever s~n. But
their bite can cause death in
three to five days.
De Gaulle's Trip
Manpower Conservation
.. Last January the president
of the ,United States, after reo
ceiving a disheartening report
from the president's task force
on manpower conservation,
announced that registrants in
the draft would be given im
mediate examinations to deter
mine early their physical and
mental fitness, so that some
arrangements could be made
~~h.aQi,li.tat<:!. tl\.em. It \, '\lot
interest that, of the more than
33,000 ISyearoIds who were
examined during the month of
to
AWAKEI
'*
A Balanced Budget
Violence In Uruguay
.. Violence reigned for three
days in Montevideo following
Uruguay's dip10matlc break
with Cuba. After the explod.
ing of several fire bombs, emer
gency measures were taken to
bring the disorders to an end.
100 Days Wltl!out Water
,. The camel is generallY believed to he the one mammal
that can live the longest with
out water. It can live about
a month without a drink. But
experiments have proved that
a little squirrel that lives 1n
southWestern United states
deserts bas remained alIve and
active as long as a hundred
days without water.
:xxxxxxxsxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxsxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxsxxxsxxx:
"Peace
Among Men
Good wi11"
of
OR
ARMAGEDDON
-WHICH?
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me ............ cop (y _If'S) of the booklet "Peace Amol!l[ Men Of Goorl Wilt" or
Armageddon-Whwh' (each. 4d lior Australia. !'id: tor South Africa. 3!W I' 7 {or 1/S [for Australia.
2/_; for South Africa. 17e]). I am enclosmg ......... .
Str~t
Name ...
Post
Town.
NOVEMBER 8, 1964
and Number
31
SAFETY
In
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
I am endosinlt 5/6 (lor Australia, 6/6; tor South Africa, SSe). Plt"ase send me the 704-page hardbound book "Babylon thB Groot Has FaIlBn!" God's Kinadom Ru/'(m! For mailing the coupon I am
to receive free the timely booklet Security During "War of the Great Day of God tke Almighty."
Name
Post
Town
Postal
District No ............. County
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 Beresford Rd .. Strathfleld, N.S.W. CANADA: 150 Brldgeland Ave., Toronto 19. Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag 2, P.O. Elandatontein, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 111 Adams St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
AWAKE.'
ENOLAND BY
4,100,000
","ndd."
Th. BI~I. lran,I.llo" "1'larl~ ... d I. "Awat.!" 11 tho 11...- World T" .. lalion '" th, Hoi, S"IJ\ ..... 1961 .dltlon.
Whon ath ... lran,laU.n ro ... d. Ihl. I I.arly "",rk.d.
CONTENTS
Judges-Wise and Not So Wise
Are All Religions That Use the Bible
Good?
Do You Love Your Children?
"City Would Likely LOSe Court
Fight over Church"
Unveiling the Secrets of the Clouds
Opposition Against the New
Efrorts at Economic Cooperation
3
5
8
12
13
,.
17
20
21
24
26
2"1
29
JUDGES
NOVEMBER
**,
1964
'>-'1
HE ability to have
children is one of
the most pleasurable
gifts the Creator has
given mankind. They
can-be a source of genuine happiness to parents. Their sunny dispositions, trusting
natures, ever-present curiosity, boundless
energies and deep affection are qualities
that make them truly lovable. When small,
their chubby hands invite hugs, blow kisses
to you and cling to you with afTectionate
dependence. When there are children, marriage takes on greater meaning. But while
it is natural for parents to love their chil- Spend Time with Them
dren, you must realize, if you are a parent,
When the people of Israel were a people
that there are many ways you can fail to for God's own name, the care of their
manifest love while imagining that you young ones was no small matter in His
are loving them.
eyes. Parents were commanded to supply
It has been said that children should be not only for the physical but, more imporseen and not heard. In our day, however, tantly, for the spiritual needs of their chilthey are definitely seen, heard and often dren, and this on a daily basis. (Deut. 6:
greatly feared, bringing sorrow and anx- 6-9) The main responsibility for such
iety to their parents. Very frequently this training was placed on the shoulders of the
situation is traceable to the fact that some father, and his role is just as important in
parents, thinking that they are loving their this atomic age. He cannot treat this obchildren and wanting to make them happy, ligation lightly without inviting sorrow.
excessively indulge and spoil them, only One who constantly meets his child's questo find that they become even more de- tions with: "Why ask me? Go ask your
manding and troublesome.-Prov. 17:21. mother," reveals a reluctance to assume
Many parents are confused as to their his proper place in the household, and he
proper role by reason of the great volume must answer to God for such neglect. He
of "expert," though contradictory, advice. may even have to answer to the local law
AWAKE!
authorHles when his child becomes delinquent. On the other hand, those who truly
love their children wUl gladly undertake
the job of training them, drawing upon
the able assistance of their wives.
Since the hours a man has to spend with
his family are so limited, he must make
the time he does have with them count.
By always being kind and approachable, he
establishes a lasting place in the hearts of
the children, and they eagerly look forward to his homecoming. Nor does he disappoint them on such occasions on the
pretext of fatigUe after the day's work. He
understands their need of constant assurances of his love for them. He makes their
problems his problems. When they want to
have some toy fixed, or to get answers to
their questions, he does not turn them
away with: "Don't you see I'm busy?" He
knows that his role of father, properly discharged, is vital to their proper emotional
development.
Children also need the love, warmth and
association of their mothers, if they are
to learn to be sympathetic, understanding
and compassionate. Since they must of necessity spend so much time with her, the
influence for good or bad that she has over
them is immeasurable. If she selfishly
packs them, off to the movies or out onto
the streets or into someone else's home,
they will tend to become indifIerent and
unloving toward her in later life. But
when she shows herself ever ready to lend
a sympathetic ear to the-ir little problems,
they will love her for it. Everyday happenings aroW1d the home, such as cleaning,
cooking and plans "for marketing, can become real spI'ingboards for daily sessions
of training that are the marc effective in
that they are not rccognized by the youngsters as actual training.
The test of how much genuine love and
interest the parents have in their children
is in how they spend their leisure time. Is
NOVEMBER 22, 1964
10
funds. Contrariwise, something easily acquired is also lightly esteemed. Wise parents will enjoy the satisfaction of knowing
that they did not rob their child of the
pride he can feel in doing things for himself.
The most valuable training that parents
can give their young ones is to afford them
the right example in relationship to God
-especially in the matter of prayer. Parents cannot pass this responsibility on to
others. They must shoulder it themselves.
And for this training to be truly effective,
prayer must be a united, daily, family occurrence. Children who observe their parents humbly approaching God for mercy
and guidance will be encouraged to duplicate their course with happy results.
Prayerful children are not likely to be
problem children.
Discipline with Love
Often admonition and reason will not
suffice for children. Sometimes only physical punishment will adequately impress a
lesson. In all fairness to the child he should
know what to expect for disobedience.
Children of inconsistent parents are kept
wondering whether the parents really
mean what they say. If from experience
the child learns that his parents mean exactly what they say, then he will the more
quickly obey and respect parental wishes.
Parents, of course, do not have to go to
the other extreme of having rules like the
laws of the Medes and Persians, which
never, changed. For best results they
should operate in accord with the just
principles set out in the Bible.
Punishment, whether physical or otherwise, must always be just, commensurate
with the wrong committed. It will tend to
be unduly severe if administered while
under the undue influence of anger. The
child should clearly understand why there
is punishment. Parents must be united in
AWAKE!
11
12
AWAKE!
:>,THE SECR
vapor
with pure air,
'"
H
13
14
se,
1964
15
16
AWAKIiH
RATION
Modern Cooperative
OOPERATION, of
Movement Begins
one form or another,
The living conditions of the poorer
is as old as the human famclasses gave rise to many hoped-for remily. A husband and wife working together to build a home and family edies. Socialistic doctrines began to appear.
unit are cooperating. When several fami- Labor movements arose for the protection
lies joined together to clear land or to of workers. At this time, too, the first ecobuild homes, they worked together in c0- nomic cooperatives, in the modern sense,
operation. Nations cooperate when they began to appear.
work in alliances and leagues for a comOne category of cooperatives, called
mon purpose.
consumer cooperatives, were organizations
It can be said, then, that cooperation is begun by individuals grouping together so
the uniting together for joint operation or as to purchase the goods and services they
action. However, a fundamental part of needed in larger quantities, thus effecting
truly beneficial cooperation is that it must a saving to each member. These consumer
be based on the free will of those involved, cooperatives operated for the benefit of the
that is, the joining together for a common aVerage consumer, or buyer. They provided household items, food, fuel and other
purpose must be volWltary.
supplies.
Later they extended their activiAs society expanded and the economies
of nations grew more complex, efforts at ty to cover services such as medical care,
economic cooperation among individuals housing, credit, as well as other items. At
were seen to be advisable in many lands. times, cooperatives specialized in one line.
No longer did the overwhelming majority On other occasions they combined several
of the people live on the land, grow their lines together.
Other cooperatives were formed, called
own crops or build much of what they
needed. The "Industrial Revolution" of a producer cooperatives, for the benefit of
century ago, especially, pulled many off the members who produced products for
the farm and into the city, away from sale on ~e market. They helped in the pr(}o
their source of food and supply. This had dUction and marketing of the workers'
a breaking-up effect on the old social order goods in one or in several fields, such as
of things and, in many instances, indus- factories, mills and farms.
trial workmen and peasants alike became
It is held that in Rochdale, England, the
very poor, especially in Europe. One of the first modern cooperative really began.
consequences was an extensive emigration There, in 1844, twenty-eight weavers
from many European countries, with most opened a small shop. With a modest beof the emigrants going to America. From ginning of 28 in capital, they purchased
Sweden alone over 120,000 emigrated be- a small stock of flour, oatmeal, butter, sugar and candles for the use of their memtween the years of 1861 and 1870.
17
18
Disappointments
Private business enterprises are, of
course, expected by their owners to make
profits, as shareholders are principally
concerned with income. The stated objective of the cooperative establishment is not
providing profits on invested capital, but
supplying, in the best and cheapest way,
that which people need ~ for their use.
Spokesmen for cooperatives assert that, if
carried on in the right way, the cooperative will never be able to develop into an
institution that exploits and impoverishes
citizens, but would promote their prosperity. They claim that this movement is the
one that comes nearest to the ideal. Many
times, however, they have been frustr,ated
and disappointed.
One source of danger has been the baffling winds of polities. The pioneers of co~
operation had said that "man was created
for freedom and free cooperation," and
added that "the government must not,
through its legislation, hinder the citiZens
from, individually or in cooperation, looking after their own interests within the
boundaries of justice and morals." But in
many countries, such as Germany under
the Third Reich, the cooperntive movement was squashed. It was incorporated by
the Nazis into the Labor Front, and its independence and freedom of movement were
lost. Hence, the cooperative failed to exist
in the true sense.
In the Soviet Union, as well as in other
Communist countries, consumers' associations are found extensively. But there the
rules prescribe that part of the net sur
plus must be used to further the aims of
the Communist Party. Also, the rules of
the cooperatives are fixed by the government, not by the members. So cooperatives
in Communist countries have political
19
}j(I(I,<'
1(
jjll.riili}
1'7
<"
i,;,r!'Ou!l['uilf/
.. I1nvc yOI'J evcr trwd V') hklln' out em,)('tly how m:11'Iy CUUJl.1!'l(") there IH',' (\YNmr:!
tl10 Rlol:I0't Well, if ;,mu hSVG, yU\l lUlow tl1al YOtl ('ol,HIl c()ml! up ,\,jill. mul'(' nwn
one um;WI,'[', ""l""lI,jinl! (III )"''', JIHl ('In",! I"nr 1'''''"1')('. will ynn )"11 l1uwkii un
you!" 1ii~t bCCHUM' yOU vi('w i( from tl J"wogl'iljJhlcnl ,)limdpoi:'it. Ut will yO\! co\{ui it
!U1 111ll'1 of the' U,i-;,A,'{ .IHld WIll you C:OUDl Hl"lllIdl CUJim,:l, or 1ll{'[wll' it:.v; p:u"l of
the \.In\I'(,\(( Kingdl!m'( Fll1'1.il('lTIlIJ)"(!, how wll) you gnn.Tjl tho i~lnndB 01 11')(( H'S';'
A("'onhnl, 10) "1IC' 1'('f+:()lIiLlI,'" tlll'I'<' da' l',UI'n:Dl!y 1101 i11l11'[ll'IHklll ('OUIlII'1,'-' "I'l,J
",']f"cnw-rning colonies (\I'o:md II\(' vlnTw, Imil, In nillii1.i,on, jJj(,!,,(' ,~!rl~ I'.', ()lrwr
colcmiel\ Imil dCP('I'\dcnt tl'tl'i.tOl'je:; 1:;'J!I'J"rl11'rt lJy v(,no\!!.: nn1.1I!ill,\, 1/,111, 1"(\1\'!I'ml1(:r,
Hml;!.) Ilgl1l'i'8 chrJt'!!,{1l COlHUWlly, Znn,)l1al' :m!i T!\ng:lllY'lka l'()(J,'l'ltly )))(Yp,'ed, Hnd
NyuHiillam! 1'1a;; lH)W lW"llLTLf' l",)ifil'ally ]"d"I"'lIfl"lll alld dli))W,'d if" 1'1'(1))1' 1"
Mabwi.
now !l11.1d1 bdtcr it wnJ lit. WI'lC'1l ::dl nwnl(',l1td, 11111t(>::t(i 01 1,)1!!I')).'(' dl.vJduJ u).I ini,()
rivu! l1utlmw, IH'f) ullJt@l (;wr:!(!)" tiN I"l!Jll!1V)U~ [Ungdor)') of Gorf!
A'WA,Cl:IU
-Nation
HE emergence of a newly in-
By "Awoke!"
correspondent in Africa
A Strong Constitution
Dr. Kenneth Kaunda, the first president
of the Republic of Zambia, and the ministers of his government have expressed
their determination to see to it that the
21
gious opmIOns from door to door within accused were released, the cases against
the Lunda Native Authority area . . . . It them quashed. The appeal of the other
is an offence to preach religious subjects thirty-five was likewise successful. It was
from door to door." It was claimed by the also subsequently argued that the order
said Authority that this order became law made by the Native Authority was ultra
by being "proclaimed" in the presc:ribed vires, that is, outside their jurisdiction,
manner to the people of the area on March and application was maxIe to the governor
22 and 24, though some doubts on the le- for the law to be set aside on this ground
gality of the procedure were raised later also.
in the courts.
Jehovah's witnesses in the new country
In view of the fact that this ordinance of Zambia are grateful for the fact that
would directly affect
the country has such
the activity of some
a
constitution guarARTICLES IN TIfE NEXT ISSUE
thousands of Jehoanteeing
basic hUman
Fads Undermine Faith.
vah's witnesses, virrights,
and
that it has
Rami~Fabrlc for Your Enjoyment.
tually the only ones
men prepared to im Enjoy a Cup of Coffee?
engaged in such pub Flames Of ReligiOUS Intolerance
plement it and defend
Burn Again in Mexico.
lic preaching activi
it on behalf of mity, its consequences
norities, rather than
were of no little moment. And so it was give in to expediency and compromise.
that on March 31, 1964, ten of them were
Concern for the rights of others and an
arrested as they were walking along a road appreciation for true and impartial justice
after having engaged in their Christian
are most commendable qualities, and are
work of preaching the ,good news of God's
among
those qualities that the Almighty
kingdom from house to house.-Acts 20:
God,
Jehovah,
looks for in those he would
20.
The ten Witnesses were sentenced to a bless with life in his just and perfect ne~
fine of 5 or two months at hard labor, order of things now at hand.
So Jehovah's witnesses living in the Rewhen they appeared in the local chief's
court. Similarly, another thirty-five Wit- public of Zambia are also most interested
nesses were arrested and charged and sen- in what may develop with its birth as an
tenced. A.ll the cases were appealed. 'The independent naHan. They, too, desire to
appeals of the first ten were heard togeth. see peaceful conditions with justice and
er. The magistrate hearing the appeal, protection of fundamental human rights,
after carefully considering the evidence primarily because such conditions will alagain~t the accused, found the evidence
low them the greatest opportunity to conboth confused and lacking and insufficient tinue to carry to Zambia's peoples the
for a conviction, even if the order by the gladsome news of GOd's everlasting kingLunda Native Authority could have been dom. While they sincerely appreciate the
accepted in law. But it was on this point present benefits that flow from the more
that the magistrate raised the matter of liberal human governments, they recognize
the constitution and pointed out that the the truth that, at best, these governments
law as passed by the authority in question are but temporary and must make way for
was clearly against the constitution and that perfect and righteous administration
was therefore invalid. As a result, the ten of Christ the King.
NOVEMBER 22, 1964
23
HIMNEYS
are a very
important part
of the heating
From time to time a chimney
chimney.
plant in homes
should be cleaned of its accumulated
where winters are
soot. The rate at which it aecumu M
cold. But unless they
lates depends upon the type of fuel that is
are properly constructbeing burned. Eventually, even chimneys
ed and regularly inspectwith flue linings will gather a certain
ed they can become a fire
amoWlt of soot. Once a year the soot should
hazard. Defective chimM
be
removed if there are accumulations.
neys are one of the leading
This
can be done by a chimney sweep,
causes for residential fires.
whel.'e
one is available. If you want to do
Are you endangering your
the
job
yourself, wrap a bdck in an old
home by failing to check
piece
of
carpet
material. Tie a rope aroWld
your chimney?
it
and
lower
the
bdck into the chimney.
An unsafe chimney is
It
will
clean
the
flue satisfactorily. AtM
often one that has no lin
tempting
to
burn
the
soot out of the chiming in the flue or the enM
ney,
as
some
people
do,
is not safe. Other
closed passageway for the
persons may try to remove it with chemismoke. The chemical action of the fuel gases on the unprotected cals, but the effectiveness of this method
brickwork causes a gradual disintegmtion is offset by the danger of explosions. The
of the bricks and mortar. A flue lining pro- Use of a carpet-covered brick is a safe
vides protection from this action. Disinte- method.
gration of the masonry and the effcct of
Inspection of a chimney can be done by
temperature changes can cause cracks in means of a flashlight lowered into the
the chimney that can be dan.:;erous. When chimney on a rope, or it can be inspected
the large deposits of soot, which collects from the bottom with the aid of a mirror.
easily in an Wllined chimney, catch fire, When inspecting it, be alert not only for
the flames may shoot through the cracks soot but also for the nests of birds, squirand set fire to the house. This has b;::en rels and bats that may have been built durthe cause of many roof fires. In some in- ing the summer months when the chimney
stances a chimney fire will not go up the was not in use. These obstructions should
chimney but will reverse itself and shoot be removed. Check for cracks in the flue
out into the room where the fireplace is, lining and in the outside brickwork. If the
setting fire to the house. The removal of chimney has no lining, and cracks are
found in the bricks, and mortar has begun
soot is necessary to avoid such fires.
The inside of a chimney should have a to fall away from between them, the chimsmooth surface so that soot cannot easily ney should be rebuilt. It is better to re-
~~~~~I[~~;~~i,::,
24
A WAKE!
NOVEMBER 22,
1%~
25
study with a young woma.n in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada, reports this experience: "I made repeated efforts
to have the husband of this young woman
take an intl'rest in our .study. However, he
resisted and yet remained a courteous host.
His wife revealed to me that he had engaged
in splritistic practices from time to time, mak
ing use at mediums for everything from job
hunting to settling marital disputes. I was not
alert to any po!;sible significance of that fact;
demonic activity sc(>mcd remote.
"In time serious marital disputes began to
arise between this young woman and her
husband. On two OCcasions he made attempts
on her life and that of the child. We gllve her
spiritual assistance, much to his anger. She
remained living with him. They decided to
take a trip back to Italy, and it appem'M a
reconciliation had been effected.
"On returning from their vacation, this
couple brought me a lovely gift, a music box
in the shape of a gondolier and ballerina rid
ing on a gondola. He presented it to me and
told me it was used in his country to represent 'good luck' in marriage. Despite his
spirltistic background, I neglE'cled to attach
any deeper meaning to his statement Bbout
'good lUCk.'
"Soon thereafter I bcqan to get ill. My iU
ness increased in seVerity until gradually my
limbs began to stitren and finally, my back
bent double, I could no 10ngE'r walk. After
repeated doctor's examinations in Which noth
ing could be found physically wrong with me,
I was hospitalized for observation and heavily
sedated. As a result at prolonged bed rest and
heavy weights my back straightened and I
was allowed to go home after being informed
by the doctors that there was no obvious
cause for my distress despite all the exhaus
tive tests.
"As I had to remain in bed I had a great
deal of time to read, and I began the 1964
Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses just receive<i. On page 229 of the Yearbook I came
to the experience from New Britain concern
ing a sister's illness caused by demonic activo
ity while she was in possession of a 'charm
bracelet' with replicas of horseshoes, wish
0"
26
27
\"id('~prl',ul
VaJ![l'll1 ... m
29
+ In 1960
+ During
30
+ There
+ The
AWAKE!
~School.
'29Disaster
*' Heavy
rains on September
had caused a reservoir
to
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
PleilSe send me the 704-pal'le. hardbound hook "Rabylon the Great Hat! Fallen!" GOd'S Kingdom
Rule8! For malling the coupon I am to receive .tree the booklet "Look! I Am Making Ail Thing8
New." I am enclosIng 5/6 (tor Austra.I1a.. 6/6; for South Atrlca. sSe).
Street and Number
or Route lind Box.
N~'
Postal
Post
District No ............. County ......................................... ..
Town .. __ .
31
1965 YEARBOOK
of Jehovah's Witnesses
contains a report that will thrill
you
_.
..............
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
. .....
LONDON N.W. 7
I am enclosIng. " .. "",,. Please send me [ J 1965 Yearbook of Jeho'lJah's Wltne.'se8 (3/G [tor
Australi'!J 4/-: for South AfrIca, 35cJ); [] 1965 calendar (1/9 [for Australia, 2/-; for South
Afrlca,llc]).
Name
Post
Town
In: AUSTRALIA: 11 Beresford Rd., Strathfi(>ld, !<.",S:W, CANADA: 150 Dridgeland Av~" 'l'oronto 1.9, Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Private Bag::, 1'.0. Elandsfontein, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St. Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
32
AWAKE!
PAGE 9
DECEMBER 8, 1964
4,150,000
S,,,
n.
Bi~l.
SlI/IIlnonthly-A.frik n"
~r<n'h,
Go,man.
Orook.
n.H,n,
,g!.".
tran,JIIiN 1'OII"la,ly .!<d In "Awake!" 1. Iho lIow World T,on,lotl,. 01 Ihe Nil, S<'lpt ..... 1961 oIIltlon.
Wh,n olh" tra.,lotl.n' .ro ... ~, till. b _loa,ly markod.
CONTENTS
Keep a Balanced View of Yourself
Fads Undermine Faith
Flames of Religious Intolerance Burn
Again in Mexico
Enjoy a Cup of Coffee?
Priest Shortage
Abortion-Scourge That Thrives
on Ignorance
3
5
9
12
15
16
2D
21
23
24
26
27
29
Volume XLV
Number 23
IEOEMBER 8, 1964
The humble person appreciates the Bible truth that shows man is imperfect, in
a fallen state. As Paul said: "What then?
Are we in a better position? Not at all!
. . . 'There is not a righteous man, not
even one.''' (Rom. 3:9, 10) Thus the humble one understands the frailties and imperfections of others and overlooks the
many irritating things t.hey do. He does
not demand more of others than these can
produce, because he is aware of his own
imperfections. Therefore, understanding
his proper place in God's eyes makes him
kinder and more tolerant of his fellowman.
How generous the humble! How harsh, unkind and unyielding the proud, superiorfeeling ones!
Besides peace of mind, and better relations between you and your fellowman,
t.here is another benefit that comes from
keeping a balanced view of yourself. It is
the greatest benefit of all: a proper standing before God. The humble know they
have the need to look to God and be guided
by him, but the smug, high-minded do not
feel this need. However, "God opposes the
haughty ones, but he gives undeserved
kindness to the humble oncs." (Jas. 4:6)
Just as the proud and arrogant are repugnant to other humans, so they are to God.
-Provo 16:5.
No, do not think too highly of yourself
nor too lowly, but humble yourself before
God and man. In this way you will enjoy
life and your fellow humans more. You
will also be mentally prepared to listen to
God when he speaks to you through his
Word, adjusting your life to meet his just
requirements. In that way, you can be
among humble ones who look forward to
living in God's righteous new order, where
those who keep a balanced view of themselves will enjoy life to the full.-Ps. 37:
10,11.
AWAKE!
FAITH
"SCENES beyond
They dictate the way of life
the worst horof many people. Some fads
ror movies unreeled
may seem to be harmless, but
without letup." Such
be sure you know the facts,
was the newspaper description of Seattle's
Center Coliseum last August when some ago teen-agers went wild over singer Frank
14,000 teen-agel's packed it out to hear Sinatra; fans stormed Times Square, tearEngland's long-haired, rock 'n' roll troupe, ing one another's clothes off when deprived
the Beatles. The fans, with girls out- of the chance of stripping their idol. Durnumbering boys at least 20 to 1, reacted ing the Elvis Presley craze, fans in Jackin such a horrendous way that a child- sonville, Florida, ripped nearly all the
guidance expert in attendance warned: clothes off tho.t rock 'n' roll singer. 'rill>.
"Parents and adults have a lot to account Beatle fad has also resulted in similar,
frightening loss of self-control by youths.
for to allow this to go on."
Describing
the goings-on dUring the BeaThough many adults may only lau~h at
tles'
performance
at the Coliseum, the Sewhat is commonly called "Ecatlcrnania,"
aWe
Daily
Tinws
of
August 22, 1964, said:
Christian parents realize that worldly fads
"Almost
no
one
could
heal' the shaggyand crazes such as this undermine fai th
h.'lired foursome. Ear-splitting shrieks and
and spirituality. And even adults are not
screams rattled the buildings like the highimmune to the faith-weakening effect, of
pitched howling of a cyc-lone. At If'[\st 35 girls
were treated in the Coliseum'S firstaid room
fads.
for fainting spells or hysterics that left them
But why are fads damaging to Chrishelpless in thpir scats. Several teen-agel's
tian. faith? What is there about them that
had to be rcstn.lm'_u \}y 'SN",tUe Tfi)~\u~ as
confilcts with Biblical principles?
they raced toward the ;;tage with da;r.cd, wild
Lead to Loss of
Self-Control
cxpressions as
trance.
___ Deafening
srrcams rose in a
crescendo which
drowned the
twanging guitars and voices
of the B{'atles.
... Frantic girls
bounced in their
chairs like popcorn. They wel't, tow at t\l\'o\r 'na1T, eiutc'ned
their throats, bit on tlwir hands, swooned
and gestured pleadingly toward their heroes."
if in a
make the more sedate Beatles look paralyzed." The frantic fans were a volcano
erupting with screams, hysterics and objects hurled up onto the stage.
Is this hysterical screaming and swooning something to which Christian parents
want their children to succumb? Not if
they want to please God as parents under
divine obligation to bring theiI' children up
"in the discipline and authoritative advice
of Jehovah." (Eph. 6:4) Wisely they help
their children to learn to manifest the
fruitage of God's holy spirit, which includes "mildness, self-control." (Gal. 5:
22, 23) They firmly steer them away from
fads that undermine those traits.
Hero Worship Destructive to Faith
Frequently fads center around hero worship, turning the faddists' attention to
some prominent personality. A fad may
make a hero out of some movie star or a
famed army general or a political leader
or some sports hero or a popular entertainer or group of them. Many of these
heroes do not live moral, upright lives or
even profess to be Christians. Still, many
are the persons who look to them as if
they were saviors. But those who do so
are ignoring the wise counsel of God's
Word, which declares: "Do not put your
trust in nobles, nor in the son of earthling
man, to whom no salvation belongs." They
forget that Christians are admonished not
to be "boasting in men," (Ps. 146:3;
1 Cor. 3:21) They make human creatures
the objects of their praise, when they
should be giving it to God.-Rom. 1:21-25.
How, then, could any Christian parents
allow their children to become Beatie fans?
How could they allow their children to act
the way hundreds of girls in New York
did? At the hotel housing the Beatles the
girls squeezed eight deep behind barricades, shouting, swaying and carrying
signs that pledged deathless fidelity to the
AWAKE!
DEOEMBER 8, 1964
AWAKE!
AGAIN
/hMEr/CO
DEOEMBER 8, 1964
ference on
at
10
Press Reports
The mayor, the city attorney and the
local press had been kept fully informed of
these developments. In particular, the
newspapers of Morelia, capital of Michoadin State, published accurate reports on
them. Referring to clergy pressure that
had induced businessmen of Sahuayo to get
up a petition for the expulsion of the Witnesses on threat of having all business ac~
tivity in town closed down, La Noz de
Michoacan, August 18, 1964, reported:
"The situation was very tense, and if the
evangelists had not been evacuated, an
enormous protest would have been made
against what the Catholics call 'intruders,'
against the authorities, closing businesses
and suspending all activities." Another paper, Not-icias, identified the participants in
the mob and their motive: "Religious intolerance of hotheaded groups of this town
caused serious problems when they tried
to lynch members of a religious sect
known as Jehovah's witnesses, who have
been harassed by Catholics incited by
persons who are interested in creating
problems."
Reporting on the August 13 incidents,
La Voz de Michoacan had this to say:
"Yesterday in the neighboring town of
~ahuayo the people gathered together, estImated at about 8,000 persons, surrounded
the house where the protestants lived and
with cans of gasoline tried to burn them
alive and finish them off with stoning. The
attitude of the fanatical Catholics was at
the point of causing a real tragedy, which
was avoided thanks to the opportune intervention of the authorities who solicited
federal troops."
These happenings were brought to the
attention of and severely condemned by
AWAKE!
11
12
To Latin America
But the dominance of the West Indies
and Java as coffee-producing regions did
not continue, for seedlings were taken
eventually to Latin Amcricu. In 1728 coffee was confined in Latin America to
French and Dutch Guiana. But the gover~
nor of Brazil managed to obtain a coffee
seedling in a bouquet from the \vife of the
governor of French Guiana, and Brazil be~
gan growing coffee. For more than a hundred years now Brazil has reigned as mon~
arch of coffee producers, fonowed by a
number of other countries such as Colombia, EI Salvador and Mexico.
Though coffee waS being grown in the
West Indies and in Latin America, the inhabitants of North America had not yet
taken a great liking to it. In 1750 tea was
the popular beverage, the colonists drinking it for breakfast, lunch and dinner. The
big complaint was the British king's tax on
tea importation. This resulted in a boycott
DEOEMBER 8, 1964
14
Priest Shortage
a serious I the good news
'
i
?i.
i
i.
DECEMBER 8, 1964
15
16
17
out faith in God and in the operation of ranged for an abortion. An overdose of
his laws, they resolve every problem in Pentothal sodium killed the girl. The operw
harmony with expediency. Right or wrong ator in this instance, a real estate salesdoes not enter into their thinking.
man.
True, some doctors maintain a high morw
Only a few criminal abortionists apply
al standard, and are to be commended for the "D. and C." technique. Most employ
the excellent counsel they offer to preg w other methods. A foreign substance may
nant patients, counsel that all too often is be introduced into the womb on the theory
ignored. Others, having performed aborw that the womb will then contract and expel
tions, are deeply affected by the cxperi w the fetus. Some abortionists use chemiw
ence. One doctor said that it goes "against cals, which usually leave the patient with
the grain." "Of all the gynecological opera- ulcerated internal burns and just as pregtions," said another, "that of therapeutic nant as ever. Often women have to have
abortion is the one that causes me most their reproductive organs entirely removed
discomfort." And this even though the because of the effects from such burns.
abortion may have been justified by the Police have collected a bizarre array of
items used by abortionists in their nefarilaw of the land!
ous
trade. Included are wire coat hangers,
While the operation is relatively simple,
turkey
quills, nails, knitting needles, hairit is nevertheless ranked as being specially
pins,
rattail
combs, plastic bottles, pencils,
risky after the sixth week of pregnancy.
slippery
elm,
douche tubes and even elastic
The operation, known as "D. and C.," or
bandages.
dilatation and curettage, consists primarily of scraping the product of conception
Formal education seems to provide little
out of the uterus. During pregnancy the defense against the racket of mercenary
walls of the uterus become delicately soft abortionists. Even women of higher-thanand susceptible to perforation, with fatal average education fall prey to the false
results. The dangers of infection, uncon- claims and promises of abortionists of
trolled hemorrhaging and air embolism are every kind. Police sergeant Galindo of Los
ever present, even when the operator is a Angeles said: "We see abortionists from
skilled surgeon in a well-equipped hospital. all walks of life-bartenders, janitors,
How woefully ignorant of the delicacy butchers, office workers, poultrymen, real
and balance of the human anatomy those estate slaesmen, machinists. They seem to
who entrust themselves to quacks and think that if they can work on a lathe they
charlatans in an operation of this type! can perform abortions." No wonder the
Early in December 1955, a twenty-year-old police often refer to them as "mechanics"
fashion designer learned that she was from and "butchers." Some of them are just
five to six weeks pregnant. The boyfriend that.
declined to marry her, but arranged for
The cost in human life is compounded
an abortion to be performed in his apart- when the mother as well as the unborn
ment by a hospital attendant. The girl child dies under the hand of the abortiondied. To hide the evidence they dismem- ist. It is estimated that some 5,000 women
bered her body, wrapped the pieces in die armually in this manner in the United
gaudy Christmas paper and disposed of it States of America alone. In France some
in rubbish cans along the streets of New ,20,000 die yearly as a result of post
York. A sixteen-year-old married girl did abortion complications. In England and
not want her first baby, so the mother ar- Wales deaths from abortion rank third
18
AWAKE!
Other Hazards
The extremely high cost of criminal
abortion constitutes it extortion. While the
"ethical surgeon" may charge from $75 to
$125 for a "D. and C." operation, the abortionist will often demand from $400 to
$2,000. In the United States of America
alone this racket cleared an estimated $50,000,000 last year. So exorbitant al'e the
charges that many women prefer to travel
to some other country for the operation.
A report from Puerto Rico states that "10,000 tourists visit the island annually, in
order to obtain abortions." In Japan about
one thousand abortions were performed
on American women in 1962. The trip
there by air costs around $800 and the
operation no more than $15 in a hospital.
Otherwise intelligent women try to beat
the abortion racket on the notion that they
can abort themselves. They resort to soap
solutions, hot baths, exercises and otheI'
mechanical methods. One mother used a
soap solution, only to receive severe ulcerations, which, in turn, led to pelvic infection
and permanent sterility.
Another feature of the abortion racket
is highlighted by Dr. M. Edward Davis
when he" states: "I have seen tragic ingtances where a young girl missed her period, became panicky and went through an
lmnecessary abortion attempt simply be;ause she didn't know that there are other
:auses besides pregnancy which can inter"ere with menstruation." The abortionist
JEOEMBER 8, 1964
lets his patient go on thinking she is pregnant so that he can bleed her of her money.
Here again, proper parental training could
have dispelled dangerous igNorance.
Dispelling 1gnQrance
While almost all religions officially condemn the practice of abortion, excepting
only in cases affecting the life of the mother, the prevalence of the practice among
religious people makes it evident that this
has only been a measure of Up service to
the Bible's view of the matter. In personal
discussions with these people it becomes
apparent that they often do not even know
what God's Word says about protecting the
19
Did you knO\v that the bee has 12,000 eyes. each complete in itself? Somc bectles
have as many as 25,000; some dragonflies as many as 20,000, The eyes of an eagle
arc larger than those of man, while the eyes of an owl are one-third the size of
his head. The pupils of cats' eyes have vertical slits; those of a horse, horizontal
slits. Some fish have eyes in two parts, one to see in air and the oth('l' to see in
water. The whale's eyes are covered with an oil solution to protect them from
salt water. The eyes of the octopus closely resemble those of man. The hippopota
mus has his eyes on top of his head; as a result he can still see though nearly
submerged in muddy water. The eyes of the blue whale are said to be the largest
in the world; his are five inches in diameter. Each one is equipped according to
its need; each one, a marvelous example of the handiwork of God.
20
AWAKE!
The
Early Junks
Lu Pan, who is believed to have lived
around 50S B.C.E., i~ I:',l'~uit~ by th: Chi~
nese with inventing oars, paddles and many
improved types of junks. Particularly noteworthy is his alleged
invention of the
crooked-bow and
crooked-stern junks
used to travel the
turbulent rivers in
the remote regions
of interior China.
In the city of Tzeliutsing the story is
told that one day as Lu Pan was endeavoring to design a junk to navigate the rough
little Yentsingho River, a large hawk
swept down close to him, and he noticed
that as it came out of its dive, it banked
at an angle. This inspired Lu Pan to build
the bow of his junk leaning obliquely to
By "Awake!" (orrespondent in Hong Kong
one side.
CHINESE child is practically never
The unusual slant of the crooked~bow
seen playing with a toy ship; never- junk's blufI front, so that the height from
theless, as a group the Chinese are prob- the waterline to the stemhead is four feet
ably the most amphibious people in the eight lneh~ on the 'POrt ~lo.e ~ the leit side
world. It has been said that some 10 per- looking toward the bow] and five fcct elev~
cent of China's vast population live on the en inches on the starboard side, gives the
water in a vessel of some kind. Here in the vessel an odd appearance, as if it had a
British colony of Hong Kong well over heavy list toward the port side. Interest~
100,000 persons live afloat. It should not ingly, however, the unorthodox design of
be surprising, then, that the picturesque this jW1k enables it to maneuver successChinese junk should be famous aroW1d the fully in the wild waters of the Yentsingho
world as a symbol of Hong Kong.
River, which it has apparently been doing
The tenn "junk" is derived from the for many hundreds of years.
Chinese Fukinese word aOh'un," and in
There is no question that through trial
modern usage has come to apply to various and error the ancient Chinese developed
characteristic boats of Chinese and neigh- boats of exceptional seaworthiness. Even
boring waters. These Chinese-style craft, today the Chinese build junks without any
with their bluff lines, high sterns and plans or blueprints, but with the workers
multicolored patched sails, at times look proceeding en.tirely by the rule-of-th.um\::.
for all the world like curled autumn tradition that has been passed down from
leaves floating on the water. In fact, it is generation to generation. Of the nearly
-MARITIME WONDER
(Jf 1he
lJ~'ilr
DECEMBER 8, 1964
21
22
junks in order for them to see where they paring my experience sailing Chempaka
are going. When laying down the chop- with that aboard High Tea [the Chinese
sticks after the completion of a meal they junk1 I do not doubt that High Tea was
are never placed across the rice boWl, for the better rig. During squally weather in
it is believed that this will cause the vessel the South China Sea the handling of Chemto run aground. Rainbows are treated with pakaJs sails became a real burden and
utmost respect, and are never pointed at by progress was nil. With the junk rig I
junk people. The finger may be broken as would have gone on much faster with less
a penalty for doing so. So it is that these labor."
false religious superstitions at times result
Another sailor, G. R. G. Worcester, after
in actual physical harm to the people.
spending thirty-three years in the Chinese
Maritime Customs, had similar admiration
The Junk Today
for the Chinese junk. He explained: "We
While many in the Western world may sailors of the West owe a debt of gratitude
look upon the junk as a picturesque novelty to the seamen of China. To their countryof a primitive civilization, sailors who have men goes the credit of inventing the waterhad firsthand experience with the junk tight compartment, the lugsail, the balrecognize its ingenious design and sea- ance rudder and many other nautical
worthiness. One Western sailor wrote re- devices in common use today." Few people
cently: "Nobody could have designed the realize the contributions made by the
Chinese sail, if only for fear of being Chinese.
laughed at. A device so elaborate and clumThe average Western Visitor to Hong
sy in conception, yet so simple and handy Kong, however, is not so much interested
in operation, could have evolved only in the Chinese contributions to nautical
through trial and error." But rather than science as he is in seeing the many picturholding the junk in contempt because of its esque junks set against the background of
unUSualness, he acknowledged the superi- a fading Eastern sunset. While this is still
ority of its design.
a sight to be seen, the sails are fast disThis seaman, Brian Platt, spoke from appearing from Hong Kong harbor. More
experience. He had sailed from Singapore than 4,000 of the colony's 17,000 registered
in June of 1958 on a small cruising yacht junks now churn along under diesel power,
named Ghempaka, but, after a rough trip enabling them to reach fishing locations
through the South China Sea, decided to faster and in practically all types of
have a junk built in Hong Kong for the weather. So changes are taking place, but
rest of his trip across the Pacific to Cali- the Chinese junk remains an unusual and
fornia. After successfully crossing the picturesque vessel, a maritime wonder of
ocean, Platt made this observation: "Com- the Orient.
COLLEGE EDUCATION AND MORALS
it strengthen
one's appreciation of Christian principles, or does it undermine morality? The
New York Times of March 14, 1964, reported: "A survey of the senior class at
Columbia College shows that sa percent believe in premarital sexual interCOUrse.
Thirteen percent said they did not and four percent were undecided .... In replying
to a question on whether the coUege years had affected his moral or religiOUS views,
one student said he had 'become more strongly against Christian morality and
Victorian ethics.' "
lEOEMBER 8, 1964
23
-FABRIC FOR
YOUR ENJOYMENT
op aboard our red-and-yellow jeep-
24
By "Awakel"
c.orrespondent
in
the Philippines
25
make the fiber commercially profitable was men and the Philippine government, ramie
sadJy inadequate. Interest in ramie was fabrics have at last come within the reach
revived in the early postwar years, but the of Juan's pocketbook. The ramie can now
Philippines paid more attention to abaca be completely processed in the country.
since it brought in more trade. The mo- Sales have begun to pick up locany and
saic disease, which almost crippled the the ramie, pure and blended, is in greater
abaca industry, could be said to have been demand in the world's textile markets.
a blessing in disguise, since it shook Davao awake to the possibilities of ramie. Versatile
Furthermore, the general public found raDid you know that ramie is used in incandescent gas manmie beyond its reach
tles in the United
at local textile stores.
ARTICLES IN llfE NEXT ISSUE
So Juan de la Cruz,
States
and Europe?
Th.; Holiday Season.
the average Filipino,
that
it
is used for
Do Not Let Evil Harden Youl
fishing
lines
and nets
could not afford to
Northern Europe and North America
-as Different as Luther and Calvin.
and various woven
wear ramie just yet.
The Healing Power ot Plants.
fabrics by' the ChiFurther research was
required to bring ranese? that it was
mie down to his range of income. In the used for fire hoses, water and drainage
meantime, Lady Cotton ruled the market. pipes in Great Britain and other countries
Actually, there was little reason for ra- during World War II? that it supplies the
mie to remain expensive. Ramie can be Philippines and Japan with the uniforms
for their armed forces?
produced at a lower cost than cotton, since
There are ramie napkins, ramie lace,
a good crop does not depend on the amount ramie sports and executive shirts, neckties,
of fertilizer nor on the quantity of insecti- towels, tablecloths, ladies' blouses, dresses,
cides to fight off plant pests. And, as jackets and trousers. And don't think raF. Sionil Jose reports in Philippine Prog- mie is too wa.rm to wear in the tropics.
l'ess for 1956, "a hectare planted to ramie Actually, it is cooler to wear than cotton,
yields more than twice the same area and it has a sheen like that of silk. The
planted to cotton." Ramie is a perennial plant may be fuzzy but the cloth can be
plant and productivity increases with the softer than linen. And lest you conclude
aging of the plant. A single plant is pro- that ramie won't do for temperate countries, think again. Heat resistant, yes, but
ductive for at least ten years.
it can keep you warm on chilly days too.
What made it expensive was the fact
Truly, ramie is another eloquent testithat previously the ramie was shipped to mony to the wisdom and loving-kindness of
Japan for decortication, degumming, spin- the Creator, who causes the "ground that
ning and weaving and then was reshipped drinks in the rain" to bring forth "vegetato the Philippines for marketing. Due to tion suitable to those for whom it is also
the unremitting efforts of local business~ cultivated."~Heb. 6:7.
"If present trends continue," says the American Public Health Asso
ciation regarding smoking, "lung cancer will claim the lives of more
than 1,000,000 present school children in this country before they reach
the age of 70 years."
26
AWAKE!
logians
Christendom were unaniT
mous in their support of the trinity. was
of
It
the central teaching of Christianity, they
claimed, and no one could deny it \vithout
becoming a heretic. Thus in 1961 the
World Council of Churches added to its
terms of membership a statement about
"the one God, Father, Son and Holy
Spirit."
This being so, it must certainly have
come as a shock to many to fead in the
press (New York Times, August 3, 1964)
the report that James A. Pike, Protestant
Episcopal Bishop of California, stated thQt
the Trinity teaching lead" to confusion and
tritheism. that is, a belief in three gods,
and that "the Trinity is not necessary."
Also, that "our Lord never heard of it. The
apostles knew nothing of it." He further
observed that the teaching came into
Christianity because of the influence of
Greek thought on early Christian philosophers. Among other things, he referred to
the trinity as "a piece of heavy baggage on
the backs of our missionaries around the
world," and asked: "Why should we impose on new converts something which the
apostles could not have understood themselves?" Some two months later Pike further stated in a sermon: "The Apostles
achieved the highest percentage of church
?;rowth in history though innocent of the'
:liceties of the fifth century doctrine of the
frinity. Who would say they were not
DECEMBER 8, 1964
27
said: "I have not 'come of my own initiative, but he that sent me is real, and you
do not know him." Certainly the one doing
the sending is greater than the one being
sent. Besides, Jesus said he was taught by
his Father, indicating his Father's superior
position: "Just as the Father taught me
I speak these things." He also stated in his
great prophecy on the end of the wicked
system of things: "Concerning that day
and hour nobody knows, neither the angels
of the heavens nor the Son, but only the
Father." And what could be plainer testimony in this regard than Jesus' words: "If
you loved me, you would rejoice that 1 am
going my way to the Father, because the
Father is greater than 1 am."-John 7:28;
8:28; Matt. 24:36; John 14:28.
Some trinitarians will insist that since
his resurrection Jesus Christ is equal with
his Father, but not so. Many years after
Jesus' resurrection and ascension into
heaven the apostle Paul wrote: "I want
you to know that the head of every man
is the Christ; in turn the head of a woman
is the man; in turn the head of the Christ
is God." And that this will be the relationship throughout eternity is apparent from
the further inspired words of Paul: "For
he [Christ} must rule as king until God
has put all enemies under his feet. But
when all things will have been subjected
to him, then the Son himself will also subject himself to the One who subjected all
things to him, that God may be all things
to everyone."-l Cor. 11:3; 15:25, 28.
No questibn about it, the Scriptures
teach no trinitarian doctrine of equality of
the Father and the Son, not to say anything of an equality also of the holy spirit
with the Father and the Son. This truth
has been common knowledge among enlightened dedicated Christian Bible students for many decades.
AWAKE!
Crackdown on Fathers
.. It is about time that the government did something about
fathers of illegitimate babies.
In Chicago, Illinois, the public
aid department stated that
stcps were being taken that
could lead to criminal trials
and jail terms for men respon
sible for illegitimate children
born to underage girls on coun
ty relief rolls. Under the 1962
Illinois criminal code, a person
convicted of indecent liberties
with a child und 1r the age of
16 can be imprisoned for from
one to twenty years, while
contributing to the sexual delinquency of a child under the
age of 18 carries a maximum
sentence of a year in Jail and
a $1,000 fine. Behind the law
is not a lovc of morality, but
an effort to discourage promis
cuity and reduce the number of
illegitimate children among
underage reliefers.
Religious Boom a Bust
~ Dr. R. Eugene Crow, evangelism director for the South
ern California Baptist Convention, reportedly stated that the
much-heralded church boom
of recent years turned out to
be a bust. According to the
Los Angeles Times, Crow said
that the boom ran out of steam
some five years ago, and that
it did so because the lower
segments of society were ig
nored and because Protestant
churches tailored their pre
cepts to what the middle class
29
ea.
Condemned
Mur(1('re~~e~
+ The
30
+ The
Rellever~
Good Fathers,
Spacecraft Voskhod
world's first multiseater spaceship, Voskhod
(Sunrise), with its three astro
nauts was sent into orbit by
the Soviet UnIon and was returned safely to the earth on
October 13 after 16 circuits.
+ The
+A
Sickness
+ The
......
EXPECT
GOD TO
SERVE YOU?
Post
Town
DEOEMBER 8, 1964
Aftershoeks
~
..... ......
DO YOU
SERVE
GOD
Name
................... .
.......
WATCH
TOW~R
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N. W. 7
31
gecU'\i[~
Gild
'J1l1jlP~
'Jib<:
THE RIDGEWAY
7/-
LONDON N.W. 7
I "m <:!nc\ooing 7/_ (i[), A\<stI'lllia. 8/10: for SauUt Africa. 75('). P]pase send ill" the' New World
Tran . /atio" Of the 110/)1 Scripture8 (compl~te Bjble, nlodf'rn translation. green gold-emho,"ed
<'OVf'f, 1.472 pages. mapo, concordance). r am a];,o to receive free the bOOklet Li'vin!J in Hope of
a
Righte01~~
New W01'ld.
Street and
Numb~r
Name
or
Post
Town
Distrkt )10. _
ROlli(>
postal
ana Box,
County ..
In AUSTRALIA: 11 Beresford Rd. StTathli~Td. !\.S."W. CANADA: l~O Dridi;cTanrl Ave .. Toronto 13 Onto SOUTH
AFRICA: Prlvato Bag 2. PO Elandsfontein. Transvaal. UNITED STATES: 117 Adams St., HrooklYJ1, N.Y. 11201.
32
A WAK'EI
Tokyo's Olympics
PAGE 23
ENOLAND HY
4,200,000
la"""",,,
u,
fl.""
"'.tt.....
Th.
., """Old_,la",
Brookly",
l'oint,,1 in ,:0"1.00
""d
R;,g ..
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N.~.
to~.llflY
".d In "A~ak'!" I. Iho hw Wot"ld lran,l.tion 01 tho HOly Scrlri ..... 1961 odllloR.
Whn oI~or Ira",I"llun. oro ... d. this I, t! rl~ mark,lI,
CONTENTS
Do Not Let Evil Harden You!
I.
15
20
23
24
25
28
30
Number 24
when he heard the women of Israel singing: "Saul has struck down his thousands,
and David his tens of thousands." He saw
in this comparison a threat to his security
as king of Israel. (1 Sam. 18:7-9) As a
result, he became so hard, so envious, so
hateful that he made the killing of David
the consuming passion of his life. But all
in vain. On two occasions he had to drink
the bitter cup of humiliation as he learned
that the one whom he was hunting down
as a wild beast had magnanimously spared
his life. And in the end David did become
king of Israel, while Saul came to his end,
a hateful, bitter, frustrated suicide.
On the other hand, there was David. It
would have been easy for him to have let
himself become hard, hateful, bitter and
vengeful because of Saul's so unjustly trying to kill him. On one occasion Saul
tluew a spear at David, trying to pin him
against the wall with it. Because of Saul's
pursuit of him, David had to take refuge
in mountain fastnesses. But did David let
this evil treatment harden rhim? No, he
remained loyal to God and God's principles, to his people and even to Saul the
king. As a result, he was protected by Jehovah God, prospered and in God's due
time became king of Israel. More than that,
David was privileged to write almost half
the psalms recorded in the Bible, succeeded
in extending the boundaries of his land to
their divinely appointed limits, and had his
dynasty established as the one through
which eventually Jesus Christ, the promised Messiah, would come. What a rich reward he received because he did not let
evil harden him, make him bitter, hateful
and vengeful, but waited on Jehovah!
This is God's message to all who today
are suffering gross social injustices. Do
not engage in uprisings, in rebellions, in
AWAKE I
ILLIONS of persons
look forward to the
Chrlstmas bolldays. Not
only are they glad for
the vacation, but many
are happy because of the
cheery spirit of friendli~
ness and generosity that
often prevails. For some
persons it is a time for
love and laughter, and
happy fellowship with
dear ones. Minds are
Present-Day Trend
Yet many of these same persons are
disappointed by the marked trend away
from the traditional family Christmas.
Practically everywhere they observe that
big business now dominates the celebraU(fn, am \he. SOle -p"U.~ o'i many ce\ebrants seems to be to have a riotous time.
Although tWs has resulted in Christmas
DEOEMBER. BB, 196.
being popularized to
an unprecedented
degree, few persons
apparently ,give any
thought whatsoever
to the birth of Jesus
Christ, the event
the occasion is supposed to commemorate.
Nowhere is this
more evident than
in Japan, where
Christmas has be~~ ~ TIlQ-:Jm 't,~~_
bration since World War II. Last December Newsweek magazine observed: "In
Japan, where Christians make up less than
1 percent of the population, Christmas is
noW the biggest boliday of the year..
The season starts in mid-November and
continues on until January. The last days
of December swim by in a series of parties
in bomes, offices, factories, and nightclubs
that leave the nation with a colossal hangover on which to start the new year." The
centra) figure of the Christmas celebration
is not Christ, but Santa Claus.
This popularizing of Santa Claus, however, did not begin in Japan, but in nomJnal Christian countries such as the United
States of North America. Businessmen,
who profit from the celebration, are the
ones largely responsible, for they have
used Santa to bolster business. In connection with the use of such sales gimmicks,
the book The American Christmas: A
Study i.n Nat\onm Cu1ture notea: ~'The
studied exploitation of ttIe festival did not
develop fully until the third decade of the
5
Pagan Roots
The reason for this legal action against
Christmas was that it originally was a licentious pagan festival. It had been adopted by apostate Christians centuries after
the death of Christ, and the Puritans knew
that it had no place in true Christian worship. An editorial in a Puerto Rican newspaper, the San Juan Star of December 24,
1962, made the following interesting ob
servations:
"The anniversary of the birth of Christ
was not celebrated until the fourth century A.D.... December 24th or 25th, however, was finally chosen as the official
birthday of Christ. The ancient Greeks and
Romans as well as the Huns, Goths, Teu
tons, and Celts celebrated the birth of the
unconquered sun on those days. . . . The
Greeks celebrated the re-birth of Dionysus
in mid-winter ... The bringing of gifts to
the child-god Eros was part of the Dionysian festival. Christmas is indeed an ancient festival with pagan roots .. Yes,
Chdstmas is a pagan holiday."
This is not simply the conclusion of a
few persons. It is well known. For example,
AWAKFJ/
EOEMBER
ee,
1964
10
Luther's Reformation
Hundreds of years before Luther, lay
movements such as the Catharis and Waldenses came to see the distance between
the original Christianity and that of the
Church of Rome. What characterized these
humble people was a strong moral sense
supported by diligent Bible study. The Bi-
12
AWAKI
SQUARE DAntin
ANCING as an exPression of joy
is tar dJfferent from those forms
of dancing in which dim lights,
passion-arousing music and suggestive movements and embraces are
featured, It is a clean and open ex
pression, a joyous physical response
to the sheer pleasure of living. Square
dancing is like that. You cannot
square dance without smiles and laughter
and hearty cooperation with others. It is whole
some exercise, and it usually does Dot present
the same danger to good morals that is involved
in dances in which unmarried persons are
m
I
15
OF
HEN the German chemist
Richard Willstatter was a boy,
one of his closest friends, tenMyearold Sepp Schwab, cut his knee while
chopping wood. Since his parents
had strictly forbidden him to use
the ax, young Sepp concealed his injury. However, after a few days infection set in, and by the time the
condition finally came to the attention of Sepp's parents the infection
had become serious. A doctor was
called and he decided that the only
way to save the boy was to amputate the leg at once. It was only
after strong persuasion by the parents that the doctor agreed to postpone the operation until the following morning.
That evening when they were discussing what they could do for their
son, the father suddenly remembered the marvelous cures performed by a certain shepherd. Immediately the man was found. After
examining Sepp, he went out into
the fields and came back with a
handful of plants. The Schwabs recognized some of them as the ontinary nettle, plantain and watercress.
The shepherd cut all of these into
very fine pieces, until they were a
mass that resembled cooked spinach.
This was applied to the wound.
The next morning when the doctor arrived, he was surprised to find
16
CABBAGE
to treat their wounds. When a person was injured, his wound was
bound in these leaves. Modern mediAWAKE!
em-
A Change in Attitude
, Despite the many successful plant medicines in use, up until aoout ten or twelve
years ago there was little interest in
searching any farther for plants that heal.
This all changed, however, with the discovery in the early 1950's of reserpine, the
tranquilizing component of the Indian
snakeroot Rauwolfia serpentina. This discovery marked the introduction of modern
tranquilizers, and it touched off a multimillion-dollar-a-year, worldwide search far
other plants that might prove usefliJ. in
treating man's ills.
When commenting an Rauwolfia, Dr.
Robert de Ropp made an interesting observation as to why many medical researchers
were so relUctant to investigate natural
sources. "It is curious," he said, "that a
remedy so ancient [as Rauwolfia] . . .
should have been ignored by Western ~
searchers Wltil the year 1947. This situation results in part, at least, from the rather contemptuous attitude which certain
chemists and pharmacologists in the West
have developed toward both folk remeu)es
and drugs of plant origin. . .. They fUrther fell into the error of supposing that
because they had learned the trick of synthesizing certain substances, they were
better chemists than Mother Nature . . .
Needless to say, the mare enlightened
members of these professions have avoided
so crude an error, realizing that the hum-
17
18
AWAKBI
weU.
19
N November 3
the election of
Lyndon B. Johnson
to the presidency of
the United States for a term of four years
brought to an end a long, hard.fought and
costly political campaign. In terms of money it was estimated that more than $200,000,000 was spent during 1964 on political
campaigns throughout the country.
Many people in the United States felt a
sense of relief when the long period of
politicking was concluded by the election.
Some expressed the opinion that it would
have been better to copy the British method, having the campaign last only a few
weeks instead of many months. But even
the British campaign, though much shorter, brought many heated exchanges before
a Labor government \vas elected to replace
Conservative rule. However, it was nothing like the American campaign in intensity and duration.
'liar,' 'demagogue,'
'socialist,' 'irresponsible,' 'reckless,'
'soft on Communism,' and 'fascist.' Scurrilous paperback
books about both candidates have become
best sellers. Vicious television commercials
have depicted Goldwater as a man willing
to sprinkle a little girl's ice cream with
cancer-causing strontium 90."
On the other hand, the Republican
standard-bearer accused the president of
being "the biggest faker in the United
States" and the "phoniest individual who
ever came around."-New York Times,
July 16, 1964.
Commenting in The Saturday Evening
Post, columnist Stewart Alsop wrote:
"This has been, by common consent, a
dreadful campaign. The campaign has hurt
everybody .... to paraphrase King Pyrrhus
of Epirlls, 'One more such campaign, and
we are undone.' "-October 31, 1964.
Nor was the British campaign without
flame and fury. Newsweek of October 19,
1964, stated: "After giving every sign of
being uninflammable, the British election
campaign finally caught fire last week. The
igniting spark came off the anvil of the
Tories' irrepressible'Vulcan, Quintin Hogg,
Minister for Education and Science. Speak.
ing at a rally in Plymouth, Hogg was stung
by a heckler's taunting reference to John
Profumo, the Conservative Minister whose
involvement with Christine Keeler helped
bring on former Prime Minister Harold
Macmillan's retirement last year. Livid
with fury, Hogg snatched his glasses from
AWAKE!
21
Something Better
Many who want to see dignity, integrity. truth and morality in government are
left with a feeling of futility When they see
political campaigns such as the recent ones.
They yearn for something better. But
where can they turn? Even religious leaders-unlike the early Christians, who were
"no part of the world"-urged their parishioners to take sides in the recent political conflict. So those who look to such religious organizations for guidance are told
that their hope lies in this present system
of things and what they can make of it.
--John 15:19.
Yet the Bible holds forth a very differ-
AWAK1B-1
"THE
and
treme nationalism." He admitted that "extreme nationalism was affecting the spirit
of the games, and should be discouraged in
every way possible." As a measure to keep
things in check he favored the elimination
of team sports and the keeping of contests on an individual basis.
What did the multitude of visitors
think of life in Tokyo? Almost without exception they found the Japanese people
polite, friendly. clean and helpful. Some
found the language barrier and the high
cost of pleasure and night life disappointing. Others felt lost. But such things are
to be expected in the most heavily populated city in the world.
On Saturday night, October 24, the
games came to a close in a final blaze of
nationalistic and religious pageantry. For
an hour 75,000 spectators watched as the
national anthems of Greece, Japan and
Mexico were played. The Greek flag was
hoisted to represent the birthplace of the
games, then the Japanese flag to represent
the host nation, and finally the Mexican
flag representing the host nation for the
1968 games. The audience saw the "sacred"
flame slowly extinguished and the Olympic flag lowered. Then they watched the
participating athletes mingle arm in arm
and march around the stadium in a final
procession. Lending color to the ceremony
was a group of New Zealanders who performed a Maori war dance and concluded
with a series of Ja.panese bows befare the
imperial box, where members of the royal
family were sitting. The games thus concluded until their renewal in Mexico four
years hence.
24
AWAKE!
WE KNEW
IT WAS
sense" out of the heads of those of us who bers of the family come to know that this
had declared ourselves to be Jehovah's is the truth. The past two years had seen
witnesses. By special concession the Wit many bitter arguments and tears, but now
ness who had brought the truth to us was at last all in the family were firmly Wlited
invited so that he could be proved wrong as witnesses of Jehovah.
before the whole family. The discussion
started at the ltmch table with two definite Trials as a United Family
sides: We two girls, the visiting Witness
By now it was 1942 and local hatred
~ and our two interested brothers defending had become so intense against our family
the truth against all the rest of the assem because of having become Jehovah's wit
nesses that when we went down the street
bled family. My, what a battle!
At 7 p.m. everyone was still in the same we were booed and hissed at and our per
place at the table, but with one difference. sonal property was battered whenever a
Our sister who was a nurse had been com certain element in our district had opporpletely convinced by the truth from the tunity to do so. But some neighbors were
Bible and she said that from now on she very kind.
would be attending the meetings in Perth
Early in the year the war situation
with Jehovah's witnesses instead of going looked very grim for Australia, and beto church. Opposition still continued on the cause we lived in a coastal location thouhome front, but the arguments were get- sands of troops were camped in the area.
ting weaker.
Our home being in the center, as it were,
It was not long tmtil my sister and I of thousands of troops, we saw a great
realized the need for serving Jehovah to deal of the men and took every opportua greater extent, and so one morning we nity to witness to them and explain why
started out on horseback. It was agreed we took the stand we did. We made hWlthat one of us would go talk to our mar dreds of friends among these boys and
ried sister who lived on a farm a few miles many of them have since become Witnessaway and the other one would visit all the es themselves.
fanus within a tenmile radius to tell them
If it had not been for our many genuine
about God's kingdom. Though we met with friends in the army, maybe some of us
some abuse, we returned home elated at would not be alive today. They warned us
the end of our first day of service, having that we were suspected ot'being espionage
started a Bible study with our married agents and that we had come' very near
sister and offered the truth to many others being shot at a.t times.
in the vicinity.
The propaganda of the local residents
Things began to change rapidly in the against us was very strong. We went about
family now. A group Bible study, with the our regular routine, attending Bible studwhole family attending, began to be held ies, and sometimes when we came home
every Stmday. In September 1940 We four quite late at night we found that our home
girls were baptized at a convention of Je.- had been thoroughly searched during our
hovah's witnesses in Perth in symbol of absence. Finally the climax came. A staff
our dedication to Jehovah God. What a car with five top army officers arrived, all
wonderful milestone that was in our new wearing service revolvers, closely guarded
spiritual lives! It was with joy and thank by two van loads of armed soldiers. They
ful hearts that during the next year my marched to the front door and served us
sisters and I saw .all the rest of the mem with orders to be ready to vacate the farm
26
AWAKl1n
within twenty-four hours, as we were det- advisers, and after only three weeks, by
rimental to the area. We asked for full their actions the military admitted their
reasons but were given none. We asked if error, although not verbally doing so. They
we could seek legal aid, but this too was returned the family to our home, and many
refused. We asked fat at least three days of the officers and personnel voiced their
to pack and dispose of our llvestock. This apologies for the dreadfUl thing done to
was granted, but the major informed us our family. We were also compensated in
that what we were unable to dispose of a monetary way. The entire experience
within the three days would be shot by only served to make us more united in the
the soldiers and disposed of for us-,-truth and more determined than ever to
Try to imagine if you can what this no- keep serving Jehovah with spirit and
tice meant to us. This
truth. We four single
was our home. Mothgirls did not return
ARTICLES IN THE NEXT ISSUE
er bad been brought
to the farm, however,
Apathy Can Ruin Your Home.
here as a bride and
because we now saw
Australia', Change to Decimal Currency.
we had all been born
the _way opened to
HClw Should Homosexu~lity Be Viewed?
and reared, on the
take up the wonder Two Hours In a Hurrlcanetossed Sea.
place. A property of
ful privilege of the
7,000 acres stocked
full-time pioneer minwith cattle, pigs and poultry to be disposed istry. Two brothers also were in full-time
of. in. thr~ Oa's,\ Moth~"t 'N'e.'h. a~~t h~\~ ~:t'l''C.
less with grief at leaving her home. For
Through the years we have had other
three days armed soldiers stood over us trials, as all of Jehovah's people do, but we
while we packed and made aITangements have also had many joyfitl experiences.
for the stock, but, I must say, the soldiers Several of my brothers spent time in prison
left guarding us were wonderfully kind and because of being denied their legal rights
sympathetic. On the third day huge anny as ministers, and many of our neighbors
vehicles arrived, loaded on our belongil1~s continued their hateful attitude toward us
and took us off to the home of our married because of oW' faith. But many of the famisister in the city. TIlis sister's husband was ly have had happy times in the full-time
in the Australian Air Force, but he was pioneer ministry, and I for a time accomkindness itself to us. It was an unforget- panied my husband in the circuit ministry.
tably sa.d day. made endurab1e on1y by the We have all had the joy of taking the
knowledge that this was, happening to us truth of God's Word to others.
for the sake Of Jehovah's name. How
When we heard the Kingdom message
thankful we were that the entire family years ago we knew it was the truth. How
was fully united during this time of trial happy we are that we took it seriously
and standing together in the strength of and made earnest efforts to help the rest
Jehovah!
of our family to sccept it! It has made us
As soon as we \\-'ere settled in the city a happy. united family, devoted to the serour eldest brother went about seeing legal vice of Jehovah God.-Contributed.
2S
through the blood of Jesus Christ. In general they teach that there is only one destiny for believers, life in heaven, to be
realized either directly at death or by
way of purgatory, and that the only other destiny is eternal torment or eternal
destruction.
However, in so holding these theologians
overlook the many promises and prophecies, direct and implied, that tell of a destiny to earthly life. It is implied in God's
promise to Abraham. (Gen. 12:3) Since,
as Paul shows at Galatians 3:16, 29, those
whose destiny is heaven are the SPiritual
seed of Abraham, it must follow that all
the families of the earth that bless themselves in that seed mWj;t have another destiny to life, an earthly one. (Gen. 22:1618) Further, there is the prophecy that
"the earth will certainly be filled with the
knowledge of Jehovah as the waters are
covering the very sea."-Isa. 11:9.
Making clear the two destinies are the
words of John at Revelation 21:2-4, where
the Christian heavenly congregation is pictured as the New Jerusalem: "I saw also
the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming
down out of heaven from God and prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
With that I heard a loud voice from the
throne say: 'Look! The tent of God is with
mankind, and he will reside with them, and
they will be his peoples. And God himself
will be with them. And he will wipe out
every tear from their eyes, and death will
be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be any more. The former
things have passed away.' "
Appreciating that the Bible holds out
two destinies, we can correctly understand
Jesus' words. The ones of whom he spoke
as being of "this. fold" are those whose
destiny is heavenly, the first of these being
among the very ones to whom Jesus spoke.
The "other sheep" are those whose destiny
is earthly. This is the only construction of
AWAKE/
29
30
p0-
AWAKEI
MartlallAw In sua.
The closing days ot Qeto.
ber witnessed the land of Suo
dan in a state of tel'Ulioil and
violence. Pretnier Sirel-Khatim
el-Khallf. pleaded with the
people for law and order. But
on November 11 demonstrators attacked the United States,
the British and the United
Arab Republtc embassies in
Khartoum. Tba-e wits no 1m.
med\,at.e. ~"t'.a+.Mm t~ ~
k%'i!.~~!'
rioting.
Bolivia Seeks Calm
lVhIte-CoUar (lrlme
(llrcnmcfslon Reconsidered
_ _, _ ,_ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 _ _ _ _
\~ 1ft~R!qJMs.
Now World
T-ranslation of the
Holy Scripture.
Send 7/- (for Australia,
A fatal disease!
750)
WATCH TOWER
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Please send me the New World TrDlt~tatiolt of the HolY BCliptuTB8 (complete BIble concordance.
maps. 1472 pages. green gold-embos$ed cover). I am eIlc1'oslng 7/_ (for Australia. 8110: f9r Soutll
Atrlca. 75c). For malling tile coupon 1 am to receive tree the booklet Healtng 0/ the NatwlI.B Haa
DI~H!lO.lt".
Street and Number
or Route and Box.
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DEC_BlDIe SS, 196.
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31
THE RIDGEWAY
LONDON N.W. 7
Town ..
p~uu
. ......................
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AFRICA: Private Bag 3, P.O. Elandl'fonteln, Transvaal. UNITED STATES: U7 Adame St" Brooklyn, N.Y. 112OL.
32