Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 1

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

CODE 111

PART A (35 marks)

NOTE: YOUR ANSWERS TO THE PROBLEMS IN PART A MUST BE
CODED ON THE SCANTRON SHEET. ALSO CIRCLE YOUR ANSWERS
IN THIS BOOKLET.
1
A1. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8} and C = {3, 5, 7, 9}. Find (A B) C.
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A: {3, 5}
B: the empty set
C: {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9}
D: {2, 3, 4, 5}
E: {2, 4}

1
A2. Consider any subsets A, B and C of some universal set U. Which one of the following
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statements is false?
A: (A B)c = Ac B c

B: n(A B) = n(A) n(B)

C: n(A B c ) + n(A B c ) = n(U) + n(A) n(B)

D: (A B) C = (A C) (B C)

E: A = (A B) (A B c C) (A B c C c )

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A3. In my den I have a shelf of books waiting to be read. There are 5 hard-cover books and
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a number of paperbacks. Three of the hard-cover books are fiction and only one of the
non-fiction books is paperback. If there are 4 times as many fiction books on the shelf as
there are non-fiction, how many books are on this shelf?
A: 10

B: 12

C: 15

D: 20

E: Cannot be determined.

1
A4. On Easter morning, Moira had 6 different colours of dye available for colouring eggs, with
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enough of each colour to dye several eggs. In how many different ways could her 3 children
each decide what colour dye he or she wanted used when boiling his or her egg for breakfast?
 
6
A: 3!
B:
C: 6 5 4
D: 36
E: 63
3

1
A5. On Easter morning, Moira had dyed 6 boiled eggs, each a different colour. In how many
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different ways could her 3 children each be given one of these eggs for breakfast?
 
6
A: 3!
B:
C: 6 5 4
D: 36
E: 63
3

1
A6. On Easter morning, Moira hid 6 different chocolate Easter Eggs for her 3 children to
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find. After all the eggs were found, in how many different ways might the eggs have been
distributed among the 3 children?

 

8
6
A:
B:
C: 6 5 4
D: 36
E: 63
6
2 2 2

1
A7. On Easter morning, Moira hid 6 identical chocolate Easter Eggs for her 3 children to
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find. After all the eggs were found, in how many different ways might the eggs have been
distributed among the 3 children?
 
8
A:
B: 6!
C: 6
D: 36
E: 1
6

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 2

CODE 111

1
A8. On Easter morning, Moira had 6 identical chocolate Easter Eggs to give to her 3 children.
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In how many different ways could she give the eggs to her children so that each child
received 2 eggs?

 

8
6
A:
B:
C: 6
D: 23
E: 1
6
2 2 2

1
A9. On Easter morning, Moira had 6 different chocolate Easter Eggs to give to her 3 children.
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In how many different ways could she give the eggs to her children so that each child
received 2 eggs?


 


8
6
6
A:
B:
C:
D: 23
E: 1
6
2 2 2
3 3

1
A10. A hand of 3 cards is dealt from a standard deck of 52 cards. Which of the following sets
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could be used as a sample space for this experiment?
S1 = {no red cards, no black cards}
S2 = {all face cards, at least one face card, no face cards}
S3 = {more Hearts than Diamonds, same number of Hearts and Diamonds, no Hearts}
A: none of them

B: all of them

C: S1 only

D: S2 only

E: S2 and S3

1
A11. A hand of 3 cards is dealt from a standard deck of 52 cards. What is the probability that
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the hand contains exactly one Spade?
  
13 39
13
13
13 39 38
13 39 39
2
1
 
 
A:
B:  
C:
D:
E:
52
52
52
52
523
3
3
3

1
A12. A hand of 3 cards is dealt from a standard deck of 52 cards. If it is known that the hand
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contains exactly one red card, what is the probability that the hand contains both the
King of Hearts and the Ace of Spades? (Remember: Hearts are red and Spades are black.)
 
  
 
25
26 26
50
1 1 25
25
2
1
1
1
 
A:   
B:  
C:
D:
E:   
26 26
52
52
26 26
50
2
2
1
3
3
1

1
A13. Let E and F be events defined on the same sample space, with P r[E] = .5 and P r[F ] = .4.
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If P r[E F ] = .6, what is P r[E F ]?
A: 0

B: .1

C: .2

D: .3

E: .4

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 3

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

CODE 111

1
A14. Let E and F be events defined on the same sample space, with P r[E] =
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If E and F are mutually exclusive events, what is P r[E F ]?
A: 0

B:

1
10

C:

1
5

D:

3
10

1
A15. Let E and F be events defined on the same sample space, with P r[E] =
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If E and F are independent events, what is P r[E F ]?
A: 0

B:

1
10

C:

1
5

D:

B:

1
10

C:

1
5

D:

3
10

and P r[F ] = 52 .

E:

1
2

3
10

1
A16. Let E and F be events defined on the same sample space, with P r[E] =
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If P r[F | E] = 15 , what is P r[E F ]?
A: 0

1
2

and P r[F ] = 52 .

E:

1
2

2
5

2
5

and P r[F ] = 52 .

E:

2
5

1
A17. A fair die is tossed 10 times. What is the probability that the number 4 comes up exactly
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twice?
 2
   2
 2  8
   2  8
5
5
1
1
1
1
10
1
10
A:
B:
C:
D:
E:
3
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
2

1
A18. A fair die is tossed 10 times. What is the probability that exactly three of the numbers
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that come up are odd and the number 4 comes up exactly twice?
  3  2  5

 10
   3  2
1
1
1
1
1
10
1
8
A:
B:
C:
2
6
3
6
2
6
3 2 5
3
  3  2

   3    2
1
1
7
1
1
10
10
+
D:
E:
2
6
2
2
6
3 2 5
3

1
A19. Let F (x) be the cumulative distribution function associated with a discrete random variable
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X which assumes only integer values. Given that F (3) = 0.30, F (4) = 0.45, F (5) = 0.60,
F (6) = 0.78 and F (7) = 0.85, find P r[4 X 6].
A: 0.30

B: 0.33

C: 0.48

D: 0.55

E: 0.60

1
A20. X is a discrete random variable with possible values 1, 0, 2 and 4 (only). The probabilities
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with which these values occur are: P r[X = 1] = 3c, P r[X = 0] = 2c, P r[X = 2] = 2c
and P r[X = 4] = c, for some constant c. What is the value of c?
A: 1

B:

1
5

C: 8c

D:

1
8

E: Cannot be determined.

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 4

CODE 111

1
A21. A fast food restaurant has six counter staff available to serve customers. Let X be the
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number of counter staff who are busy with customers at 1:00 p.m. This number varies from
day to day and depends on chance. Part (only) of the probability distribution function for
X is shown below. What is the probability that at least 3 of the 6 counter staff will be
busy at 1:00 p.m. tomorrow?
x P r[X = x]
0
0.1
0.1
1
2
0.1
0.2
3
4
0.3
A: 0.3

B: 0.2

C: 0.7

D: 0.5

E: Cannot be determined.

Use the following information for Questions A22 and A23.

X is a discrete random variable with probability distribution function as shown in the
table below:
x P r[X = x]
3
.4
0
.5
.1
2

1
A22. Find E(X).
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A: 1

B: 2

1
A23. Find V (X).
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A: 1

C: 3

B: 2

D: 1.4

C: 3

D: 4

E: 1

E: 5

1
A24. A sales representative has observed that the probability of making a sale is 14 for each
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customer contacted. The sales rep will contact 12 customers next week. Let X be the
number of sales the sales rep makes next week. Find the variance of X.
A: 3

B: 4

C: 9

D:

3
2

E:

9
4

Use the following information for Questions A25 and A26.

X and Y are independent random variables with E(X) = 2, E(X 2 ) = 5 and E(Y ) = 4.
1
A25. Find V (X).
mark
A: 0

1
A26. Find E(XY ).
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A: 2

B: 1

B: 4

C: 2

D: 3

C: 6

E: None of A, B, C or D.

D: 8

E: 10

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 5

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

CODE 111

1
A27. If W and U are independent random variables with V (W ) = 4 and V (U) = 3, what is
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V (W 2U)?
A: 8

B: 2

C: 10

D: 16

E: 24

1
A28. X is a discrete random variable whose possible values are the integers 1 through 10 inclumark
sive. Continuous random variable Y is known to be a good approximation for X. Which
one of the following is approximated by P r[4.5 < Y < 8.5]?
A: P r[5 < X < 8]

B: P r[4 X 9]

C: P r[5 < X 8]

D: P r[5 X 9] E: P r[5 X < 9]

In the following questions, Z is the standard normal random variable. The Cumulative
Distribution Table for Z is given at the back of the exam and may be used whenever
required in the following questions.
1
A29. Which one of the following is equal to P r[Z < k]?
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A: P r[Z > k] B: P r[Z > k]
D: P r[Z < k]

1
A30. Find P r[Z > 1.25].
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A: 0.1038
B: 0.1056

1
A31. Find P r[Z > 1.52].
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A: 0.0643
B: 0.0655

C: 1 P r[Z < k]

E: None of A, B, C or D.

C: 0.4944

C: 0.9345

D: 0.8944

D: 0.9357

1
A32. Find the value of k for which P r[0 < Z < k] = 0.17.
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A: 0.67
B: 0.44
C: 0.67
D: 0.5765

E: 0.8962

E: 1.52

E: 0.7486

1
A33. If X is a normal random variable with mean 5 and standard deviation 1, find the value of
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k for which P r[Z < k] = P r[X < 4].
A: 2

B: 1

C: 0

D: 1

E: 4

1
A34. If X is a normal random variable with mean and standard deviation , find P r[X < ].
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A: 0.5
B: 0.9382
C: 0.9999
D: 1
E: Cannot be determined.

1
A35. At a certain stall at the flea market, 20% of the people who stop and look at the items for
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sale make a purchase. Which one of the following gives the probability that more than 17
of the next 100 people who stop at this stall buy something?








1
5
3
7
A: P r Z <
B: P r Z <
C: P r Z <
D: P r Z <
E: P r [Z < 1.00]
2
8
4
8

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

CODE 111

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 6

PART B (15 marks)

SHOW YOUR WORK FOR ALL QUESTIONS IN PART B.

3
B1. Alysha and Bryan play a game in which ties are possible. (That is, when they play the
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game, Alice might win, or Bryan might win, or the game may end in a tie, with neither of
them winning.) They will stop playing the game as soon as either any one game ends in
a tie or one player has won 2 games.
(a) How many different sequences of play are possible? (For instance, Alysha won the
first game and then they stopped because the second game ended in a tie, Alysha
won the first game and then Bryan won the next two games and Alysha won the
first two games are different sequences of play.)

(b) If one person had won more games than the other when they stopped playing, that
person was considered to be The Champ. In how many ways could the game playing
end with nobody being The Champ?

2
B2. Let S = {a, b, c} be a sample space for a certain experiment. If outcome a is twice as likely
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to occur as outcome b, and outcome c is twice as likely to occur as outcome a, what is the
probability that outcome a will occur?

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 7

CODE 111

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

SHOW YOUR WORK FOR ALL QUESTIONS IN PART B.

2
B3. A certain stochastic process involves performing 2 experiments. On the first experiment,
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event E occurs with probability 14 . On the second experiment, event F occurs with probability 45 when event E has occurred, and with probability 31 when event E has not occurred.
This stochastic process has just been performed and event F occurred. What is the probability that event E had occurred? DO NOT SIMPLIFY YOUR ANSWER.

3
B4. A box contains three balls: one with the number 1, one with the number 2 and one with
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the number 3. Two balls are drawn out of the box one at a time, at random, without
replacement. Let X be the sum of the numbers on the balls that are drawn. Find the
mean of X.

Mathematics 1228B
Final Examination

CODE 111

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Page 8

SHOW YOUR WORK FOR ALL QUESTIONS IN PART B.

5
B5. In the experiment toss 2 standard dice and observe the sum, the probability of observing
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the event E: the sum is 7 is 16 . This experiment is performed 180 times. Let X be the
number of times event E is observed.
(a) Find the expected value, E(X).

(b) Find the standard deviation, (X).

(c) Use a normal approximation and the table provided at the back of the exam paper to
find the probability that the sum is 7 at most 32 times.