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Insurance Law

Course Syllabus
Atty. Philip John Pojas
GRADING SYSTEM:
Recitation - 30%
Midterms - 30%
Finals
- 40%
PART ONE
Insurance Law in General
I.

Introduction
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

II.

History
Laws governing insurance
Rules of construction
Regulation of the insurance business
Statute of Limitations
Basic Framework

General concepts
A.

Contract of Insurance 2(1)


Philamcare v. CA, March 18, 2002
Philippine Health Care v. CIR, June 12, 2008

B.

Insurance business 2(2)

C.

What may be insured against 3, 84; 1174 Civil Code


Guingon v. del Monte, 20 SCRA 1043
Bonifacio v. Mora, 20 SCRA 261

D.

Insurance for or against drawing of lottery 4, 25


Uy v. Palomar, 27 SCRA 287

III.

Kinds of Insurance
A.

Life Insurance
1.

Kinds 179-183, 187 9th paragraph; 2021 Civil Code


a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Ordinary life
Limited Payment life
Term Insurance
Endowment
Life Annuity
Accident
Sun Insurance v. CA, 211 SCRA 554

Dela Cruz v. Capital, 17 SCRA 559


Finman v. CA, 213 SCRA 493
Gallardo v. Morales, 107 Phil 903
2.

Classes
a.
b.

Individual
Group
Pineda v. CA, 223 SCRA 754

c.
B.

Industrial 229

Non-life Insurance
1.

Types
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

fire 167
casualty 174
marine 99
compulsory motor vehicle 373
suretyship - 175
PART TWO
Life Insurance

I.

What may be insured against, contingencies 3, 87, 180, 180-A


Sec. 3, Rule 131 Rules of Court
Gallardo v. Morales, 107 Phil 903
Calanoc v. CA, 98 Phil 79
Biagtan v. Insular, 44 SCRA 58
Dela Cruz v. Capital, 17 SCRA 559
Sun Insurance v. CA, 211 SCRA 554

II.

Insurable interest 10, 19 2nd part, 25, 181 in relation to 11


A.
B.
C.
D.

In ones own life


In ones spouse and children
Based on dependence for education and support 195,
Family Code
Based on pecuniary interest
El Oriente v. Posadas, 56 Phil 147

E.
III.

Based on legal obligation

The Life Insurance Policy 49-52, 56, 226-231


Jarque v. Smith, 56 Phil 758
Fortune v.CA, 244 SCRA 308
De Lim v. Sunlife, 41 Phil 263
Badger v. New York Life, 7 Phil 381

Enriquez v. Sunlife, 41 Phil 269


Lucero de Sindayen v. Insular, 62 Phil 9
Pineda v. CA, 226 SCRA 754
Great Pacific v. CA, 89 SCRA 543
Tang v. CA, 90 SCRA 236
IV.

Premiums 77, 78, 227(a), 228(a), 230(a)


Aleja v. GSIS, 13 SCRA 212
Areola v. CA, 236 SCRA 643
Constantino v. Asia Life, 87 Phil 248
Ocampo v. Government Insurance, 78 Phil 216
Insular Life v. Suva, 62 Phil 346

V.

Parties to the Contract 3


A.
B.

Insurer 6, 184-187
Insured 7
1.

In general
Filipinas v. Huenefeld, 89 Phil 54

2.

Rights
a.
b.
c.

Right to borrow on policy 227(g)


Right to dividends if participating policy
226(a), 230(e), 195, 227(j), 230(j)
Right to reinstatement
Andres v. Crownlife, 102 Phil 919

d.

Right to transfer/bequeath 181- 182


Sunlife v. Ingersoll, 41 Phil 331
Grepalife v. CA, October 13, 1999

C.

Cestui que vie

D.

Beneficiary 2012 Civil Code, 11-12


SSS v. Davac, 17 SCRA 863
Insular v. Ebrado, 80 SCRA 181
In re: Chanliongco, 79 SCRA 364
Gercio v. Sunlife, 48 Phil 53

VI.

Measure of indemnity 183, 10

VII.

Special rights of insured in case of default


A.

Cash Surrender Value 227(f), 227(g)


Manufacturer's Life v. Meer, 89 Phil 351

B.
C.
D.

Extended Insurance 227(j)


Paid Up Insurance
Automatic Premium Loan

PART THREE
Non-Life Insurance
I.

What may be insured against 3, 84-87


Heirs of Coscolluela v. Rico, 179 SCRA 511
Prats v. Phoenix, 52 Phil 807
East v. Globe, 57 Phil 576
Paris v. Phoenix, 49 Phil 753

II.

Insurable interest 13-18, 19 1 st paragraph, 20-25, 58, Sec. 6 Act


No. 3893
Lampano v. Jose, 30 Phil 357
Traders v. Golangco, 95 Phil 826
Filipino v. CA, 179 SCRA 638
Cha v. CA, 277 SCRA 690
Garcia v. Hongkong, 45 Phil 122
Lim Cuan Sy v. Northern, 55 Phil 248
Chucuhe v. Insurance Commission, 158 SCRA 366
San Miguel v. Law Union, 40 Phil 674
RCBC v. CA, 289 SCRA 292

III.

The Insurance Policy 49-51; 56-58, 66


1.

In general
Ang Giok v. Springfield, 56 Phil 375
Phil. Phoenix v. Woodworks, 92 SCRA 419
Gonzales v. Yeh Ting, 55 Phil 386
Del Rosario v. Equitable, 8 SCRA 343
Pacific Timber v. CA, 112 SCRA 199

2.

Kinds of non-life insurance policy 59-62


Harding v. Commercial, 38 Phil 464
Development v. IAC, 143 SCRA 62

IV.

Premium 77, 79, 81-82, 177


Phil Phoenix v. Woodworks, 92 SCRA 419
Arce v. Capital, 117 SCRA 63
Capital v. Plastic Era, 65 SCRA 134
Velasco v. Apostol, 173 SCRA 228
Valenzuela v. CA, 191 SCRA 1
Phil. Phoenix v. Woodworks, 20 SCRA 1271

Phil. Pryce v. CA, 230 SCRA 164


Reparations v. Universal, 83 SCRA 764
Makati v. CA, 215 SCRA 462
Tibay v. CA, 257 SCRA 126
Malayan v. Arnaldo, 154 SCRA 672
UCPB v. Masagana, April 4, 2001
V.

VI.

Parties to the contract 6-8


A.

Insurer 6, 184-187

B.

Insured 7

Double insurance v. Reinsurance 93-98


Equitable v. Rural, 4 SCRA 343
Pioneer v. Yap, 61 SCRA 426
Geagonia v. CA, 241 SCRA 152
Pioneer v. CA, 175 SCRA 668
Gibson v. Revilla, 92 SCRA 219
Artex v. Wellington, 51 SCRA 352

VII.

Discussion on different kinds of non-life insurance


A.

Marine insurance 99; 100-106; 156


Malayan v. CA, 270 SCRA 242
Cathay v. CA, 151 SCRA 710
Choa v. CA, 183 SCRA 223
Filipino v. CA, 179 SCRA 638
Caltex v. Sulpicio, 315 SCRA 709
Mayer v. CA, 274 SCRA 432

B.

Fire insurance 167, 171-172


Del Castillo v. Metropolitan, 85 Phil 678
Filipinas v. Tan, 85 Phil 379

C.

Casualty insurance 174


Fortune v. CA, 244 SCRA 308
1. Suretyship 177-178
Machette v. Hospicio, 43 Phil 297
Phil. Pryce v. CA, 230 SCRA 164
2. Compulsory Motor Vehicle Liability 373, 378
Tanco v. Phil. Guarantee, 15 SCRA 313
PART FOUR

Payment of Proceeds and Filing of Claims


I.

In life insurance - 242, 180


1.
2.

In general
Death as the suspensive condition
Fernandez v. National, 105 Phil 59

3.

Proof of death v. Notice of death


Londres v. National, 94 Phil 627

4.
II.

Facility of payment clause 228(f); 321 in rel. to 230(m)

In non-life insurance 243-244, 88-91


A.

In general
1.
2.

Loss 84-87
Notice and proof of loss 88-92
Finman v. CA, July 12, 2001

3.

Payment of proceeds
Mla. Mahogany v. CA, 154 SCRA 650
Yu v. Fieldmens, 14 SCRA 491
Le Bog v. Hanover, 1 SCRA 599
Chuy v. Philam, 95 Phil 282
RCBC v. CA, 289 SCRA 292
Zenith v. CA, 185 SCRA 398

4.

Right of subrogation
American Federal v. American, August 18,

2004
B.

In marine insurance
1.

Loss 127-137
Phil. Manufacturer v. Insurance, 42 Phil 378
Pan Malayan v. CA, 201 SCRA 382
Jarque v. Smith, 56 Phil 758

2.

Measure of Indemnity 156-166

3.

Abandonment 138-155
Oriental v. CA, 200 SCRA 459

C.

In compulsory motor vehicle liability insurance 384 and


385 paragraph 2 in relation to 378; Insurancer
Memorandum 4-2006
GSIS v. CA, 308 SCRA 559
Tiu v. Arriesgado, Sept. 1, 2004

III.

Litigation to satisfy claims; procedure 63; 244; 416


Eagle Star v. Chia, 96 Phil 696
Traveller's v. CA, 272 SCRA 536
Filipino v. Alejandro, 145 SCRA 42
ACCFA v. Alpha, 24 SCRA 151
Vda de Gabriel v. CA, 264 SCRA 137
Country Bankers v. Traveller's, 176 SCRA 523

II.

Unfair settlement practices 241


PART FIVE
Grounds for Rescission

I.

Concealment 26,27,29
A.

In general
Great Pacific Life v. CA, 89 SCRA 543
Musngi v. West Coast, 61 Phil 864
Sunlife v. CA, 245 SCRA 268
Grepalife v. CA, October 13, 1999
Philamcare v. CA, March 18, 2002
1.
2.
3.

What must be communicated 28, 29


What need not be communicated 30, 32, 34, 35
Waiver of right to information of material facts -33
Ng Gan Zee v. Asian, 122 SCRA 461

4.

Test of materiality - 31
Vda de Canilang v. CA, 223 SCRA 443

B.

In marine insurance 107-110

C.

In life insurance - Incontestability


paragraph, 227(b), 228(b), 230(b)

clause

Tan v. CA, 174 SCRA 403


II.

Misrepresentation
A.

In general 36-43
Eguaras v. Great Eastern, 33 Phil 263
Argente v. West Coast, 51 Phil 725

48

2 nd

Saturnino v. Philam, 7 SCRA 316


1.
2.
3.
B.

C.
III.

as a ground to rescind 45, 48 1st paragraph


test of falsity 44
materiality 46

In life insurance
1.

Incontestability clause 48 2nd paragraph, 227(b),


228(b), 230(b)

2.

Misrepresentations as to age 227(d)

In marine insurance- 107, 111-112

Breach of warranty 74-75


A.

Warranty 67-69
Prudential v. Trans-Asia, June 20, 2006
Union v. Philippine Guaranty, 47 SCRA 271
1.
2.

B.

Express 70, 72-73, 76


Implied 113-126

In fire insurance 168-170


Bachrach v. British, 17 Phil 555

IV.

Other grounds for rescission in non-life insurance - 64-65


Saura v. Phil. International, 8 SCRA 143
Malayan v. Arnaldo, 154 SCRA 672
Paulino v. Capital, 105 Phil 1315

V.

When right to rescission must be exercised 48; 380


Tan Chay v. West Coast, 51 Phil 80
Argente v. West Coast, 51 Phil 725

PART VI
Special Laws
I.

RA 9302, RA 9576
Phil. Deposit Insurance v. CA, April 30, 2003

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