Professional Documents
Culture Documents
9.
Plasticraft Company produces and sells a single product called a
DROID. Plasticraft has excess capacity to manufacture 5,000 additional
DROIDS. Variable costs are $35 per unit, and fixed costs total $300,000 per
month. Ajax Company has offered to pay Plasticraft $39 per unit for a onetime special order for 4,000 DROIDS. This special order requires some
additional selling expenses of $1.50 per unit. Should Plasticraft accept this
special order?
YES: PLASTICRAFT SHOULD ACCEPT AJAX COMPANYS OFFER
BECAUSE IT WILL INCREASE OPERATING INCOME BY
$10,000 = ($39 ($35 + $1.50) * 4,000 UNITS.
OR: BECAUSE INCREMENTAL REVENUE OF $39 > INCREMENTAL
COSTS OF $36.50.
10. Peanuts Company produces porcelain figurines of Lucy and Linus.
The selling prices and variable costs for each figurine are as follows:
Selling price
Variable costs
Direct materials
Direct labor
Indirect manufacturing
Linus
$25.00
Lucy
$20.00
$9.00
5.00
4.00
$6.00
2.00
2.00
The cost of direct labor is $10.00 per hour and only 500 hours of labor time
are available each week.
a.) Determine the contribution margin per direct labor hour for each product.
Selling Price
Less: Variable Costs
Direct materials
Direct labor
Support
Contribution Margin per figurine
Direct labor hours per figurine
Contribution Margin per direct labor hour
3
Linus
$25
Lucy
$20
9
5
4
$7
.5hrs
$14
6
2
2
$10
.2hrs
$50
Premium
$15
3
a.) For each model, compute contribution margin per machine hour.
CM per unit
Machine Hours
CM per Machine Hour
$12
2
$ 6
$15
3
$ 5
b.) To maximize weekly production profits, how many units would you
recommend of each model?
Standard: 120 units * 2MH = 240 MH
Premium: 70 units * 3MH = 210 MH
450 MH
Available Capacity = 420MH vs. Required Hours = 450MH
To maximize profits, Charlies should maximize sales of standard
chairs. 240 machine hours should be used to manufacture 120 units of
the Standard Chair, and 180 machine hours should be used to
manufacture 60 units of the Premium Chair
c.) If there are 500 machine hours available per week (instead of only
420 MH), how many chairs of each model should Charlies produce to
maximize profits.?
500 Machine Hours results in excess capacity. Therefore, demand for
both types of chairs can be met:
120 units of Standard Chair
70 units of the Premium Chair
Chapter 6:Activity and Process Decisions
1. Each of the following should result in reduction in the level of work-inprocess inventory and cycle time, EXCEPT:
a. Quality improvement programs.
b. Corporate downsizing programs.
c. Just-in-time programs.
d. Cellular manufacturing.
____B____
2.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four cost of quality categories?
a. Appraisal costs
b. Internal failure costs
c. Prevention costs
d. Benchmarking costs
_____D____
8. All of the following statements about just-in-time (JIT) are true, EXCEPT:
a. Processing time decreases
b. It simplifies accounting
c. It reduces the amount of money invested in inventory
d. JIT processing systems must be reliable
____B_____
9.
Gumby Company is determining whether to outsource product Pokey.
An outside bidder has quoted a price of $52. The following costs of the
product when produced in-house are shown below on a per-unit basis:
Direct materials
Direct labor
Unit-related overhead
Batch-related overhead
Product-sustaining overhead
Facility-sustaining overhead
TOTAL
a.)
Pokey
$13.95
15.00
17.80
6.55
3.25
8.35
$64.90
$13.95
15.00
17.80
6.55
3.25
$56.55
Acquisition cost
Remaining Life
Current disposal value
Salvage value at the end of 3 years
Annual operating costs
NEW
$200,000
3 years
$9,000
$12,000
The estimates above do not include rework costs. The new stamping
machine also will reduce the defect rate from 4% to 2%. All defective units
are reworked at a cost of $1.25 per unit. Eastco produces 150,000 units
annually.
a.
b.
NEW OLD
$ 3,000
144,000
11,250
(200,000)
60,000
$18,250
Acquisition cost
Repairs
Annual operating costs
(Gas, maintenance, insurance)
$ 2,280
Honda Civic
$3,000
--$2,100
b. What should Jerry do? What is his savings in the first year?
REPAIR THE PRISM:
REPAIR COSTS
ANNUAL OPERATING COSTS
TOTAL COSTS
$3,000
$2,280
$5,280
$3,000
$2,100
$5,100
10
3. A demand forecast is
a. An estimate of sales demand given a product price
b. Developed largely because of customer dissatisfaction
c. An estimate of market demand given the amount sold the previous year
d. An estimate for the demand for labor
____A_____
4. Financial budgets include all of the following except a:
a. Projected balance sheet
b. Production plan
c. Cash flow plan
d. Projected income statement
____B_____
5. When discussing the roles of budgets, a control role includes?
a. Identify organizational objectives and short-term goals
b. Developing long-term strategies and short-term plans
c. Measuring and assessing performance against budgeted amounts
d. Developing the master budget.
_____C____
6. Financial budgets are prepared
a. To specify expectation for selling, purchasing, and production
b. To evaluate financial results of the proposed decisions
c. So that financial statements can be prepared for shareholders
d. To plan for production capacity
_____B____
7. Although planners update or revise the budgets during the period,
____________ is typically performed once per year
a. Zero-based budgeting
b. Periodic budgeting
c. Incremental budgeting
d. Continuous budgeting
____B_____
11
Month
July
August
September
October
November
December
Sales
$ 30,000
34,000
38,000
42,000
48,000
60,000
October
5,100
19,000
12,600
----36,700
November
--5,700
21,000
14,400
--41,100
December
----6,300
24,000
18,000
48,300
12. The Mahoney Company has prepared a sales budget of 24,000 units
for a 3-month period starting from January 1. The company has an inventory
of 11,000 units of finished goods on hand at December 31 and has a target
finished goods inventory of 13,000 units at the end of the succeeding
quarter.
It takes 5 gallons of direct materials to make 1 unit of finished product. The
company has an inventory of 110,000 gallons of direct materials at
December 31 and has a target ending inventory of 100,000 gallons.
How many gallons of direct materials should be purchased during the
3 months ending March 31?
Budgeted sales
Add target ending FG inventory
Total requirements
Deduct beginning FG inventory
Units to be produced
13
FG (Units)
24,000
13,000
37,000
11,000
26,000
DM (Gallons)
130,000
100,000
230,000
110,000
120,000
During the second quarter, the company made 1,500 curtains and used
14,000 square yards of fabric costing $68,600. Direct labor totaled 7,600
hours for $79,800.
a.
b.
Compute the direct materials price and efficiency variances for the
quarter.
Actual Unit Costs:
Price Variance
(AP SP) * AQ
= ($4.90 - $5.00) * 14,000
= $1,400 F
Usage Variance
(AQ SQ) * SP
= [14,000 (10 * 1,500)] * $5.00
= $5,000 F
Compute the direct labor price and efficiency variances for the
quarter.
Actual Labor Rate:
Rate Variance
(AR SR) * AH
= ($10.50 - $10.00) * 7,600
= $3,800 U
Efficiency Variance
(AH SH) * SR
= [7,600 (5 * 1,500)] * $10.00
= $1,000 U
14
2. Robb Industries Inc. (RII) developed standard costs for direct material
and direct labor. In 2004, RII estimated the following standard costs for one
of their major products, the 10-gallon plastic container.
Direct materials
Direct labor
Budgeted quantity
0.10 pounds
0.05 hours
Budgeted price
$30 per pound
$15 per hour
During June RII produced and sold 5,000 containers using 490 pounds of
direct materials at an average cost per pound of $32 and 250 direct
manufacturing labor-hours at an average wage of $15.25 per hour.
a. Calculate the direct materials price and usage variances for June.
Price Variance
(AP SP) * AQ
= ($32 - $30) * 490
= $980 U
Usage Variance
(AQ SQ) * SP
= [490 (.10 * 5,000)] * $30
= $300 F
b. Calculate the direct labor rate and efficiency variances for June.
Rate Variance
(AR SR) * AH
= ($15.25 - $15.00) * 250
= $62.50 U
Efficiency Variance
(AH SH) * SR
= [250 (.05 * 5,000)] * $15
= $0
15