EMULSION

Dispersed System
Mixture two immiscible liquid that is 1 phase only
Particle size ranges from 0.1-100 um
In terms of SOLUBILITY, suspension is INSOLUBLE while EMULSION is
SOLUBLE
W/O: water in oil (oil is the external phase); O/W: oil in water (water
is the external phase)
This is crucial because oil might separate from water
Electric current passed through the preparation:
O/W: water conducts
W/O: no electricity
Physical Instability
Inversion- o/w preparation turned to w/o emulsion due
to evaporation of water and vice versa
Flocculation- clumping of particle; beginning of
aggregation
Aggregation or coalescence- particles merge to form
droplets
Sedimentation- downward movement of dispersed
droplets
Creaming- upward movement of dispersed droplet
CASTOR OIL EMULSION
CHEMICALS
ORIGINAL
FORMULA
Castor oil
60 mL
Acacia
15 g
Purified Water
qs 120 mL

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis
Adjuvant
Vehicle

SPECIFIC USE

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis
Adjuvant
Corrective
Adjuvant
Vehicle
Vehicle

SPECIFIC USE

Cathartic
Emulsifying
Solvent

MINERAL OIL EMULSION

CHEMICALS
Mineral oil
Acacia
Syrup
Vanillin
Alcohol
Purified Water

ORIGINAL
FORMULA
500 mL
125 g
100 mL
40 g
60 mL
qs 1000 mL

Cathartic
Emulsifying
Sweetening
Flavorant
Solvent
Solvent

MUCILAGE
Use to suspend insoluble substances in liquids
ACACIA MUCILAGE
CHEMICALS
ORIGINAL
FORMULA
Acacia
350 g
Benzoic Acid
2g
Purified Water
qs1000 mL

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis
Corrective
Vehicle

SPECIFIC USE

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis
Corrective
Corrective
Vehicle

SPECIFIC USE

Suspending
Preservative
Solvent

INDICATION/USE:
Suspending agent
Emulsifying agent
Demulcent
Synonyms:
Mucilage of Gum Arabic
MucilagoAcaciae
TRAGACANTH MUCILAGE
CHEMICALS
ORIGINAL
FORMULA
Tragacanth
6g
Glycerine
18 g
Benzoic Acid
0.2 g
Purified Water
qs 100 mL

Suspending
Levigating
Preservative
Solvent

USES:
Suspending Agent
Emulsifying Agent
Protective
SYNONYMS:
MucilagoTragacanthae
COMPONENTS:
Bassorill- for swelling
Tragacanthin- forms a colloidal suspension
Sedimentation rate is lower if it is viscous. (SETTLES SLOWER)

MAGMA
Bentonite Magma
CHEMICALS
ORIGINAL
FORMULA
Bentonite
550 g

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis

Purified Water

Vehicle

qs 1000 mL

SPECIFIC USE
Suspending
agent
Solvent

Use:
Suspending Agent
Milk of Magnesia
CHEMICALS
Magnesium
Sulfate
Sodium
Hydroxide
Citric Acid
Volatile oils
Purified Water

ORIGINAL
FORMULA
300 g

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis

SPECIFIC USE

100

Basis

Laxative

1g
0.5 mL
qs 1000 mL

Corrective
Corrective
Vehicle

Acidifying Agent
Flavoring Agent
Solvent

Laxative/antacid

Use:
Antacids
Skin protectant
Astringent- protein precipitation
Citric Acid- reduce alkalinity and also serves as preservatives
Volatile oils- to add flavors

SUSPENSIONS
Insoluble solids inn liquids
Not homogenous mixture
Solid particles: suspenoids
Stored within 7 or 14 days
Specific instruction given to the patient: SHAKE WELL BEFORE USE
STOKES LAW: The larger the particle, the faster is its sedimentation
rate (settles faster)
Distilled Water: solvent used for reconstitution to prevent chelation
LOTIONS
Applied to skin intertriginous areas and friction
CALAMINE LOTION
CHEMICALS
ORIGINAL
FORMULA
Calamine
80 g

PHARMACEUTI
CAL USE
Basis

Zinc Oxide

80 g

Corrective

Glycerin

20 mL

Adjuvant

Bentonite
Magma
Calcium
Hydroxide
Topical Solution

250 mL

Adjuvant

Qs 1000 mL

Vehicle

SPECIFIC USE
Astringent/antipr
uritic
Astringent/protec
tive
Levigating
agent/humectant
Protective/suspen
ding agent
Solvent

USE:
Astringent
Protective
Soothing agent
WHITE LOTION
CHEMICALS
Sulfurated
potash
Zinc sulfate
Purified water

ORIGINAL
FORMULA
40 g
40 g
Qs 1000 mL

PHARMACEUTI SPECIFIC USE

CAL USE
Basis
Antifungal/antibac
terial
Corrective
Astringent
Vehicle
Solvent

USE:
Astringent-constricts the pores by protein coagulant, hence
protecting the skin

Protective
Antibacterial/antifungal
Tx of acne vulgaris

Zinc ion- gives the white lotion its astringent effect

Thiosulfate/Polysulfide- responsible for antibacterial/antifungal