Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I.
Introduction
A.
3 Stages
Encoding- processing information in such a way that it
can be represented internally
o ex) entering date onto your keyboar
Storage-maintaining encoded information in memory over
time
o ex) saving a file onto your hard drive
Retrieval-recovering information from storage
o ex) calling up a file and displaying date onto your
monitor
B.
3 Types
B.
Stages
1.
Encoding
a.
Phonological
1) sounds most common
2) use even when material is visual
3)you do this in rehearsal
b.
Semantic meaning
c.
2.
Storage
a.
Magic number
1)
2)
b.
Chunking
1)
2)
3)
a)
b)
c.
Maintenance rehearsal
1)
2)
3)
d.
Forgetting
1)
2)
3.
III.
Retrieval
B.
Stages
1.
Encoding:
a.
code
1)
2)
b.
the more elababoratly you encode the infor.
The better the memory
1)
organize material
a)content-group related things together
b) chunking: enlarge size of chunk (put
more info)
2)
imagery: visualize what youre trying to
remember
a) link method: form mental image by
linking items together- foreign language
b) Method of Loci- imaginary walk along
familiar path= itesms to remember are
associated with certain locations
Ben Pridmore
c)
Key word method+ assicatie
familiar word with new workd by generating an image
foreign lanugage
2.
Storage
a.
located in the hippocampus & surrounding
cortex
2 kinds
1)
2)
Implicit (procedural) memory: skills &
procedures can do w/out conscious
recollection
EX) tying shoes; riding a bike: typing
3.
Retrieval
a.
b.
greater interference
1] when intervening material is
most similar
phone #:
old # vs. new #:
2] over time= more material
accumulates
b)
kinds
1]
retroactive: new information
impairs retention of previously
learned info
new knocks old
2]
proactive: previously learned
info interferes with retention of
new information
2)
cause:
b)
types:
c)
1]
2]
anterograde