SCHOOL NAME

Project Report
On

Simulation Techniques
Submitted To
Instructor Name

Submitted By
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Class
Date

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1
PROJECT STATEMENT................................................................................................ 1
PREVIEW STATEMENT............................................................................................... 1
EXPLANATION............................................................................................................. 2
Simulation Applications........................................................................................... 2
Simulation Models................................................................................................... 2
Simulation Methods................................................................................................. 3
Monte Carlo Method..................................................................................................... 3
BACKGROUD............................................................................................................... 4
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................... 6
FINDINGS.................................................................................................................... 8
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................. 10
REFERENCES............................................................................................................. 12
APPENDICES............................................................................................................. 13
Appendix A............................................................................................................ 13
Appendix B............................................................................................................ 13
Appendix C............................................................................................................ 14
Appendix D............................................................................................................ 14
Appendix E............................................................................................................ 15
Appendix F............................................................................................................ 15

INTRODUCTION
This entire research report is all about Simulation Techniques. Simulation represent any
incident like as actual and real life conditions, any situation, and event from previous happening,
such as accidents, and these techniques help out in these incidents to safe the cost, risk, life and it
tells how to handle or getting trained to someone in effective and timely manner. These are the
general rules for resolving complex problems. In real life some experiments are limited and for
performing these experiments very huge amount is needed, so simulation can help in these
situations, to make complex systems in easy format, because they are measure up with the
accurate computer power.

PROJECT STATEMENT
Simulation Techniques are very powerful for getting more advantages in terms of time
effectiveness, less risky, cost benefits, goals achievements, follow the time lines, and more
important is to resolve complex systems to easiness.

PREVIEW STATEMENT
Firstly, introduce the topic briefly; give more information and key inspired questions about the
Simulation Techniques, some background history, previous research on selected topic, findings
of this research, and finally conclusion is done.

Source: www.extendedanswers.com

EXPLANATION
Simulation techniques are very effective and helpful like so many real life problems can be
solved with the help of these techniques. Alternatively, examining the real and actual situation, it
will take huge cost, having high risk, and so much time consuming process used by different
researchers, scholars, and scientist, but prefer less risky, less expensive, and less time taking
process, which are simulation techniques. For example, The NASA applies space shuttle escape
simulators; with the help of this astronauts can exercise flying the shuttle. Also most of the
games exercise the computer to simulate actual and real life sports i.e. boxing, hockey, baseball,
and wrestling. As computer is playing very essential part in simulation techniques, since it can
generate random numeral, to perform different experiments, to help in tally the results, and
calculate the chances of occurrence in much faster speed than humans.

Simulation Applications
Simulation Applications are one of the very enormous used in terms of quantitative techniques,
because it is very flexible, plus can afford so many positive results. For example it used in
drilling projects, Evaluating environmental effects within industrial plant, fixing the stock levels
to retain fluctuating requirements at retail stores, forecasting the sales, planning aircraft sorties,
different ship movement and military exercise, make planning for retirement, locating investment
performance, decide on different reservations, and selecting different projects related with capital
budgeting.

Simulation Models
In simulation techniques, experiments are performing on real system, instead of real system by
itself. Because it works with faster, cheaper, and safer way to action any experiment on the
model. As simulations could be executed applying physical models, like as relative model of and
any airplane. In computer simulation exercise a mathematical model for the real system. In these

model there is need of different variables to present main numerical measurement of different
inputs and outputs of real system, and then used different formulas, different programming
statements, and show mathematical relationships.

Simulation Methods
These simulation methods can handle any complex processing like complex manufacturing and
different logistics processing systems frequently demand for various discrete case simulations,
where there is existence of flows of different materials and its parts, peoples etc. via the system
and so many algorithms and stages with its very complex interrelationships. Some of special
simulation modeling and design languages are frequently applied in these valuable applications.

Monte Carlo Method

The main simulation technique is Monte Carlo Method. This technique exercise random
numbers. It is apply in business and different industries, especially those are enormously hard,
and call for a huge number of different variables. The main steps involves in Monte Carlo
Method are as following:
1. Firstly, make list of all possible result of the applied experiment.
2. Secondly, it finds the chances of occurrence of each and every result.
3. Thirdly, it makes a setup of communication between all the results of the experiment &
the hit-or-miss numbers.
4. Fourthly, it selects any numbers for the columns of tables and mange the experiment.
5. Fifthly, it performs again the experiment, & tallies all the results.
6. Finally, it calculates any statistical data, and explains the conclusions.

BACKGROUD
The history of simulation could be composed in different angles, like the main application of
simulation in analysis, research, and training. There are different types of simulation models like
discrete-event, combined-discrete-continuous events, combined events, and continuous event,

also simulation is apply in programming languages and different environments, like GPSS,
SIMSCRIPT, Simio, AutoMod etc. and also it applies in different communities of interest like
transportation, military communications, manufacturing. These simulation techniques start from
mid of the 19th century, like the very first simulation game was produced in 1947 by Thomas T.
Goldsmith and co.
By the passage of time visual simulation like in films and games turns into non-film
entertainment simulation like simulation games, and theme park rides. Simulation games,
contradicted to another kind work like video and computer games, with acting and environment
correctly. These simulation techniques also have been exercise for entertainment like Link
Trainer. As the first simulator depend on to clear at a theme park was Disneys Star Tours. Some
example of simulation ride at theme parks i.e. King Kong, Earth Quake, and Flint Stones.
Nowadays, the simulation is argument one of the main having many aspects contents that could
face Engineer of Industry in any given workplace. These techniques can be one of the most
essential for any corporation, irrespective of the industry. It gives strong safety, quality and much
productivity which is affected through Simulation, in which issue can be different types, like it
main be held come in office, in manufacturing place, or in any warehouse. These techniques are
very applicable in widespread way as a positive tool to enhance the productivity and capacity.
Computer simulation history starts from World War II when the two well name mathematicians
namely Jon Von Neumann and Stanislaw Ulam, they confronted with different puzzling
mathematical problems related with the manner of acting of neutrons. They also apply Hit and
Trail experiments techniques, where were very costly plus the main issue with this it was too
complex and complicated for real time analysis. The main data related with the happening off

different events were know, in which every possibilities of happening of some separate events
very engaged in algorithm form, for the positive outcome.
This research study is very related and helpful for my thesis as well as all the researchers,
scholars, analyst, experimenters etc. Because this research study can be effective, result oriented,
cost benefits, profit maximization, increase the company worth, decrease the risk level, and it
consume less time as compare to real and actual life experiments. In short, in terms of
knowledge, effectiveness, reliability, satisfaction, and positive result outcome, it gives very
support to my research thesis, in my educational career as well as for my future endowers.

Source: sic.aegistech.net

LITERATURE REVIEW
For this research report, we have study different journal, taking interview, as well as get different
valuable information from internet search. As already discussed that, there are so many ways, in
which we can relate simulation and its techniques. As (Brien & Foouche, 2005) point out that a
computer system model was built up to simulate the execution of 3D (3-Dimensional) Laser
Radars that apply in layout of Geiger Mode APD (Avalanche Photodiode) detectors. This model
appropriates appreciable tractability in the stipulations of sensor features, 3 Dimensional
scenarios, background knowledge light, and active of the sensor program. It is applied to assist
design and anticipate the execution of 3-Dimensional Laser Radars apply for police work, cities
topography, fight recognition, and some other apps. In short, the model was applied to assist in
construct the Laboratorys Foliage Airborne 3-Dimensional laser radars for the DARPA bought at
Jigsaw program.
In the second research journal (Rahman, Yella, & Dougherty, 2014) narrates that gain in costs
and competitive business environment strategies are act of applying force sawmill enterprises to
build and attempt for rendering optimal of their business process management. In organizational
conclusion chiefly concentrate on execution and decrease of every operation cost to hold all
profit margins. They also explain that many investigators aimed the simulation models by joining
enhancement techniques to cover problems to incorporated logistics maximization. With the help
of joining of simulation and maximization technique rectify the optimization strategy by copying
all complex and difficult behaviors of entire system, which is underneath consideration
consisting main objectives and constraints.
(Martinez, Pedreia, Ison, & Quiroga, 2009) explains that and efficient and effective method to
give naturalistic simulations of extracellular entering. The main method applies a hybrid plus

computational simple approach, in which all characteristic of the backdrop disturbance come up
naturally from the main biological and physical proceeding of generations. These research
journals also related and contrast with simulations with actual entering through the human
medial secular lobe and also illustrate their application and examining spike rectification and
classifying rectification algorithms. So, the result of this research journal is that it indicates
positive relationship of simulation techniques with extracellular recordings.
In this research journal (Ljubenkove & Kuzmanic, 2008) suggests that the application of
simulation techniques in shipbuilding product proceedings in design. In this research the
essential elements of designing was spiral, different flow diagrams, and interrelationships among
individual actions determined. This flow diagram shows that each point where simulations is
apply gives positive and affect result in design flow.
In last research journal (Walkley & al, 2004) describes and determined that ALE (Arbitrary
Lagrangian-Eulerian) finite component rule for solving the 3-Dimentional free surface flow
design issues. The main concentrate of this research journal was on covering the algorithm to
admit active contact model, which allows the liquid and fluid free surface, also in the firmly
case, to build a pre-assigned static close interaction angle link with a solid wall boundary, plus
the ephemeral case. In the end this research study shows very positive and effective results with
simulation techniques.

FINDINGS
After deep research, and through literature review, the main findings of this research report are as
following:
Every research shows that simulation techniques always give positive and effective
results.
All research shows that it gives great forecasting strength, but very good theoretical
background is needed before applying in every situation.
These techniques are ready to answer to so many questions, where other techniques and

model doesnt work.

These techniques can be applied to build new model with very low data requirements.
It is very easy to apply in what-if scenario requirements and analysis.
It is very cost effective approach, and can be use with very low budget.
These techniques are very unique and innovative in terms of current competitive

environment.
These techniques are time effective, every task and result can be obtained on time and
within given required time.
Some research studies show its disadvantages like it does not work without good theories
knowledge background.
It is not yet standardized approach, because it gives answer to every question.
These techniques give some drawbacks like it can challenge to validate the results.
These techniques can be very potential scope creep in different projects like what are
good and bad in to select the best results.
In the eyes of some researcher it has pro like high skepticism, it means it has doubt about
the truth of something.
Finally, research also shows that it has some political implications; it means it can have
an influence with politics.

CONCLUSION
After entire internet research, reading different research journal and articles about Simulation
Techniques, now I am able to draw my decision in terms of conclusion. As most of the research
journal shows positive relationship of simulation techniques with other design, problem or any
situation where these techniques can be apply. In the light of these facts I can say that Simulation
Techniques are the best tools to be cost effective, time efficient, profit maximization tool,
increase the companys worth and much more, because these techniques have abilities to give
positive and effective results, it gives great forecasting strength, it is always ready to answer

many question, it can be apply to build new design with very low data mining requirement, it is
very easy to apply in every situation, it is can be apply with very low budget, it is unique and
innovative technique in such a competitive environment, it can generate huge profit for
organization, and these techniques are very time effective as well.
In real life some experiments are limited and for performing these experiments very huge amount
is needed, so simulation can help in these situations, to make complex systems in easy format,
because they are measure up with the accurate computer power. For example, The NASA applies
space shuttle escape simulators; with the help of this astronauts can exercise flying the shuttle.
Also most of the games exercise the computer to simulate actual and real life sports i.e. boxing,
hockey, baseball, and wrestling.
The history of simulation could be composed in different angles, like the main application of
simulation in analysis, research, and training. There are different types of simulation models like
discrete-event, combined-discrete-continuous events, combined events, and continuous event,
also simulation is apply in programming languages and different environments, like GPSS,
SIMSCRIPT, Simio, AutoMod etc. and also it applies in different communities of interest like
transportation, military communications, manufacturing. In short, these techniques are best and
reliable for the implementation and get from it maximum advantages.

REFERENCES
Abbas. (2015, November Monday). How Simulation Techniques Help Us? (M. J.
Hakson, Interviewer)
Alabdulkarim, A., Ball, P., & Tiwari, A. (2013). Applications of Simulation in
maintenance research. World Journal of Modeling and Simulation , 9 (1), 14-37.
Brien, M., & Foouche, D. (2005). Simulation of 3D Laser Radar Systems. Lincoln
Laboratory Journal , 15 (1), 37-60.
Fu, M. (2002). Optimization for Simulaton: Theory vs. Practice. Informs Journal on
Computing , 14 (3), 192-215.
Harrison, J., Carroll, G., & Carley, K. (2007). Simulation Modelling in Organization
And Managment Research. Academy of Management Review , 32 (4), 1229-1245.

Kleijnen, J. (1995). Verification and Validation of Simulation Models. European

Journal of Operational Research , 82 (1), 145-162.
Ljubenkove, B., & Kuzmanic, M. (2008). Simulation Methods in Shipbuilding Process
Design. Journal of Mechanical Engineering , II (54), 131-139.
Martinez, J., Pedreia, C., Ison, M., & Quiroga, R. (2009). Realistic Simulation of
Extracellular Recordings. Journal of Neuroscience Methods (184), 285-293.
Rahman, A., Yella, S., & Dougherty, M. (2014). Modeling And Simulation Methods For
Design Of ENgineering Systems. Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications , 2134.
Schatzmann, J., Weilhammer, K., Stuttle, M., & Young, S. (2006). A Survey of
Statistical User Simulation Techniques for Reinforcement-Learning of Dialouge
Managment Strategies. The Knowledge Engineering Review , 1-24.
Walkley, M., & al, e. (2004). Simulation Modelling Towards E-Business Models
Development. International Journal For Numerical Methods In Fluids , 1-6.

APPENDICES
Appendix A
Source:
ahmedalsayegh

Appendix B

Source: Buffalo

Appendix C

Source: mtcsale

Appendix D

Source: Wikipedia

Appendix E

Source: chandoo

Appendix F
Source: ximes