Exploration & production - Field Operations

H2O CONTENT OF MOISTURE SATURATED GASES

Charts

Chart 1: H2O content of moisture saturated gases Chart of McKetta

Chart 2: H2O content of moisture saturated gases Carelation of BUKACEK (US Units)
H2O content of moisture saturated gases BUKACEK (Metric Units)
Chart 3: Effective H2O content of H2S Campbell Method
Chart 4: Effective content of CO2 Campbell Method
Chart 5: H2O content of acid gases Gasunie Method

20505_a_A_pla_01

17/07/2009

2009 IFP Training

H2O CONTENT OF MOISTURE SATURATED GASES

Chart of McKETTA
-40

-20

20

40

60

80

100 120 140 160 180 200

240

280
80000

80000
Cg : Specific gravity correction factor

60000
40000

20000

10000
8000

1.0

60000
40000

0.9

20000

0.8

0.7

0.8

0.6

1.2

1.4

1.6

10000
8000

1.8

Specific gravity versus air

6000

6000
1,00

4000

2000
SIA

0,94

7P

0,92

% Salts in brine

100

200

100
80
60

HYDRATE FORMATION LIMIT

Warning: dashed lines are

meta-stable equilibrium. Actual
equilibrium is lower water content.
Angle is a function of composition.

600

500
800

200
300

600
400

1000
800

150
100
0
0
300
2
0
0
0
50
0
800 00 4
000
0
6
100 000
00

50

400
600

0,90

25

400

200

100
80
60

40

40

20

20

10
8

25

14.

7P

SIA

10
8

Position of this line

is a function of gas
composition

200
300
500
400
800
600
150
0 100
0
200
0

100

50

2
1

-60

-40

-20

20

40

60

80

100 120 140 160 180 200

379.495
1lb/MMSCF = 16.9076 mg/Nm = 16.0187 mg/Sm = ppm Volume.
18.02

2009 - IFP Training

240

280

Temperature (F)

00040_A_A

1000
800

0,96

14.

2000

4000

0,98

Cs : Correction for salimity

H2O Content of saturated wet gas (lb/MMSCF)

-60

Chart 1

H2O CONTENT OF MOISTURE SATURATED GASES

Carelation of BUKACEK (US Units)
1bar = 14.5 psi

1lb/MMSCF = 16.9076 mg / Nm
= 16.0817 mg / Sm

+B

P(psi.a)

=
Temperature
F

-40
-38
-36
-34
-32
-30
-28
-26
-24
-22
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66

-40.0
-38.9
-37.8
-36.7
-35.6
-34.4
-33.3
-32.2
-31.1
-30.0
-28.9
-27.8
-26.7
-25.6
-24.4
-23.3
-22.2
-21.1
-20.0
-18.9
-17.8
-16.7
-15.6
-14.4
-13.3
-12.2
-11.1
-10.0
-8.9
-7.8
-6.7
-5.6
-4.4
-3.3
-2.2
-1.1
0.0
1.1
2.2
3.3
4.4
5.6
6.7
7.8
8.9
10.0
11.1
12.2
13.3
14.4
15.6
16.7
17.8
18.9

131
147
165
184
206
230
256
285
317
352
390
434
479
530
586
648
714
786
866
950
1050
1150
1260
1380
1510
1650
1810
1970
2150
2350
2560
2780
3030
3290
3570
3880
4210
4560
4940
5350
5780
6240
6740
7280
7850
8460
9110
9800
10500
11300
12200
13100
14000
15000

0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.33
0.36
0.39
0.42
0.45
0.48
0.52
0.56
0.60
0.64
0.69
0.74
0.79
0.85
0.91
0.97
1.04
1.11
1.19
1.27
1.35
1.44
1.54
1.64
1.74
1.85
1.97
2.09
2.22
2.36
2.50
2.65
2.81
2.98
3.16
3.34
3.54
3.74
3.96
4.18
4.42
4.66
4.92
5.19
5.48
5.77
6.08
6.41
6.74

Example:

Temperature
F

68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
134
136
138
140
142
144
146
148
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
172
174

20.0
21.1
22.2
23.3
24.4
25.6
26.7
27.8
28.9
30.0
31.1
32.2
33.3
34.4
35.6
36.7
37.8
38.9
40.0
41.1
42.2
43.3
44.4
45.6
46.7
47.8
48.9
50.0
51.1
52.2
53.3
54.4
55.6
56.7
57.8
58.9
60.0
61.1
62.2
63.3
64.4
65.6
66.7
67.8
68.9
70.0
71.1
72.2
73.3
74.4
75.6
76.7
77.8
78.9

P= 500 psi.a
T= 120 F

16100
17200
18500
19700
21100
22500
24100
25700
27400
29200
31100
33200
35300
37500
39900
42400
45100
47900
50800
53900
57100
60500
64100
67900
71800
76000
80400
84900
89700
94700
100000
106000
111000
117000
124000
130000
137000
144000
152000
160000
168000
177000
186000
195000
205000
215000
225000
236000
248000
259000
272000
285000
298000
312000

7.10
7.17
7.85
8.25
8.67
9.11
9.57
10.0
10.5
11.1
11.6
12.2
12.7
13.3
14.0
14.6
15.3
16.0
16.7
17.5
18.3
19.1
20.0
20.9
21.8
22.7
23.7
24.7
25.8
26.9
28.0
29.1
30.3
31.6
32.9
34.2
35.6
37.0
38.5
40.0
41.6
43.2
44.9
46.6
48.4
50.2
52.1
54.1
56.1
58.2
60.3
62.5
64.8
67.1

W=

Temperature
F

176
178
180
182
184
186
188
190
192
194
196
198
200
202
204
206
208
210
212
214
216
218
220
222
224
226
228
230
232
234
236
238
240
242
244
246
248
250
252
254
256
258
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460

80.0
81.1
82.2
83.3
84.4
85.6
86.7
87.8
88.9
90.0
91.1
92.2
93.3
94.4
95.6
96.7
97.8
98.9
100.0
101.1
102.2
103.3
104.4
105.6
106.7
107.8
108.9
110.0
111.1
112.2
113.3
114.4
115.6
116.7
117.8
118.9
120.0
121.1
122.2
123.3
124.4
125.6
126.7
137.8
148.9
160.0
171.1
182.2
193.3
204.4
215.6
226.7
237.8

80400
+ 23.7 = 184.5 lb/MMSCF
500

2009 - IFP Training

379.495
18.02

ppm Vol.

326000
341000
357000
372000
390000
407000
425000
443000
463000
483000
504000
525000
547000
570000
594000
619000
644000
671000
698000
725000
754000
785000
816000
848000
881000
915000
950000
987000
1020000
1060000
1100000
1140000
1190000
1230000
1270000
1320000
1370000
1420000
1470000
1520000
1570000
1630000
1680000
2340000
3180000
4260000
5610000
7270000
9300000
11700000
14700000
18100000
22200000

69.5
72.0
74.8
77.2
79.9
82.7
85.8
88.4
91.4
94.8
97.7
101
104
108
111
115
119
122
126
130
134
139
143
148
152
157
162
166
171
177
182
187
192
198
204
210
216
222
229
235
242
248
255
333
430
548
692
869
1090
1360
1700
2130
2550
00037_A_A

W (lb of water/MMSCF of wet gas) =

Chart 2
1/2

H2O CONTENT OF MOISTURE SATURATED GASES

BUKACEK (Metric Units)

Temperature
F

-40
-38
-36
-34
-32
-30
-28
-26
-24
-22
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66

-40.0
-38.9
-37.8
-36.7
-35.6
-34.4
-33.3
-32.2
-31.1
-30.0
-28.9
-27.8
-26.7
-25.6
-24.4
-23.3
-22.2
-21.1
-20.0
-18.9
-17.8
-16.7
-15.6
-14.4
-13.3
-12.2
-11.1
-10.0
-8.9
-7.8
-6.7
-5.6
-4.4
-3.3
-2.2
-1.1
0.0
1.1
2.2
3.3
4.4
5.6
6.7
7.8
8.9
10.0
11.1
12.2
13.3
14.4
15.6
16.7
17.8
18.9

145
162
182
203
228
254
283
315
350
389
431
479
529
586
647
716
789
868
957
1050
1160
1270
1392
1525
1668
1823
2000
2176
2375
2596
2828
3071
3347
3635
3944
4286
4651
5038
5457
5910
6385
6894
7446
8042
8672
9346
10064
10826
11600
12484
13478
14472
15466
16571

3.52
3.84
4.16
4.49
4.81
5.29
5.77
6.25
6.73
7.21
7.69
8.33
8.97
9.61
10.25
11.05
11.85
12.65
13.62
14.58
15.54
16.66
17.78
19.06
20.34
21.63
23.07
24.67
26.27
27.87
29.63
31.56
33.48
35.56
37.80
40.05
42.45
45.01
47.74
50.62
53.50
56.71
59.91
63.43
66.96
70.80
74.65
78.81
83.14
87.78
92.43
97.39
102.68
107.97

Example:

1bar = 14.5 psi

P(bar.a)

Temperature
F

68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
134
136
138
140
142
144
146
148
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
172
174

20.0
21.1
22.2
23.3
24.4
25.6
26.7
27.8
28.9
30.0
31.1
32.2
33.3
34.4
35.6
36.7
37.8
38.9
40.0
41.1
42.2
43.3
44.4
45.6
46.7
47.8
48.9
50.0
51.1
52.2
53.3
54.4
55.6
56.7
57.8
58.9
60.0
61.1
62.2
63.3
64.4
65.6
66.7
67.8
68.9
70.0
71.1
72.2
73.3
74.4
75.6
76.7
77.8
78.9

P= 100 bar.a
T= 50 C

1lb/MMSCF = 16.9076 mg / Nm
= 16.0817 mg / Sm

+B

17786 113.73
19001 114.85
20438 125.75
21763 132.15
23310 138.88
24857 145.93
26624 153.30
28392 160.19
30270 168.20
32258 177.81
34357 185.82
36677 195.43
38997 203.44
41428 213.05
44079 224.26
46841 233.87
49824 245.09
52917 256.30
56121 267.51
59545 280.33
63081 293.14
66837 305.96
70814 320.37
75012 334.79
79320 349.21
83960 363.62
88821 379.64
93792 395.66
99095 413.28
104619 430.90
110474 448.52
117102 466.14
122626 485.37
129254 506.19
136988 527.02
143616 547.84
151349 570.27
159082 592.69
167920 616.72
176758 640.75
185596 666.38
195539 692.01
205481 719.24
215424 746.47
226471 775.31
237519 804.14
248566 834.57
260718 866.61
273975 898.65
286127 932.29
300489 965.93
314850 1001.17
329212 1038.01
344678 1074.85

W=

Temperature
F

176
178
180
182
184
186
188
190
192
194
196
198
200
202
204
206
208
210
212
214
216
218
220
222
224
226
228
230
232
234
236
238
240
242
244
246
248
250
252
254
256
258
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460

80.0
81.1
82.2
83.3
84.4
85.6
86.7
87.8
88.9
90.0
91.1
92.2
93.3
94.4
95.6
96.7
97.8
98.9
100.0
101.1
102.2
103.3
104.4
105.6
106.7
107.8
108.9
110.0
111.1
112.2
113.3
114.4
115.6
116.7
117.8
118.9
120.0
121.1
122.2
123.3
124.4
125.6
126.7
137.8
148.9
160.0
171.1
182.2
193.3
204.4
215.6
226.7
237.8

93792
+395.66 = 1333.6.5 mg/Sm3
100

2009 - IFP Training

379.495
18.02

ppm Vol.

360145
376716
394391
410963
430848
449628
469514
489399
511494
533588
556788
579987
604292
629701
656214
683833
711451
741279
771107
800935
832972
867219
901466
936818
973274
1010835
1049501
1090376
1126833
1171022
1215212
1259401
1314638
1358828
1403017
1458254
1513491
1568728
1623965
1679202
1734439
1800723
1855960
2585087
3513067
4706184
6197580
8031445
10274063
12925434
16239648
19995757
24525182

1113.3
1153.3
1198.2
1236.6
1279.9
1324.7
1374.4
1416.1
1464.1
1518.6
1565.0
1617.9
1665.9
1730.0
1778.1
1842.2
1906.2
1954.3
2018.4
2082.4
2146.5
2226.6
2290.7
2370.8
2434.8
2514.9
2595.0
2659.1
2739.2
2835.3
2915.4
2995.5
3075.6
3171.7
3267.8
3363.9
3460.0
3556.2
3668.3
3764.4
3876.5
3972.6
4084.8
5334.2
6888.0
8778.2
11084.9
13920.3
17460.4
21785.4
27231.8
34119.8
40847.7
00037_B_A

W (mg of water/Sm3 of wet gas) =

Chart 2
2/2

EFFECTIVE H2O CONTENT OF H2S

Campbell Method

Chart 3

10000
80F

100F

130F

160F

220F

100 psi.a

300

500

1100

2500

8450

150 psi.a

200

350

770

1700

5700

200 psi.a

169

290

620

1350

4350

250 psi.a

148

250

550

1125

3600

300 psi.a

132

220

480

1000

3100

160F

350 psi.a

126

205

430

880

2750

400 psi.a

119

190

400

800

2500

130F

500 psi.a

110

178

360

700

2150

600 psi.a

104

169

335

660

1920

700 psi.a

100

160

315

630

1810

800 psi.a

97

157

300

590

1740

900 psi.a

94

153

295

570

1700

1000 psi.a

91

150

285

550

1650

1500 psi.a

88.5

143

265

515

1500

2000 psi.a

88

140

255

490

1420

2500 psi.a

87.5

137

250

480

1400

3000 psi.a

87

135

249

470

1390

220F
1000

100F
100

10
100

80F

1000

Temperature

10000
Pressure (psi.a)

2009 - IFP Training

Effective H2O content of H2S (lb/MMSCF)

00042_A_A

Effective H2O content of H2S (lb/MMSCF)

Pressure

EFFECTIVE H2O CONTENT OF CO2

Campbell Method

Chart 4

10000
80F

100F

130F

160F

100 psi.a

230

450

1200

2200

150 psi.a

145

300

830

1500

200 psi.a

112

225

640

1120

250 psi.a

92

180

520

930

300 psi.a

78

151

450

800

350 psi.a

70

133

400

710

400 psi.a

63

120

350

640

500 psi.a

54

100

285

550

600 psi.a

47

90

255

500

700 psi.a

43.5

82

230

450

800 psi.a

40

77

210

415

900 psi.a

38

72

197

380

100F (37.8C)

1000 psi.a

36

68

184

360

80F (26.7C)

1500 psi.a

30

57

150

290

2000 psi.a

27

51

130

250

2500 psi.a

26

47

119

230

3000 psi.a

25

45

110

220

1000

160F (71.1C)
130F (54.4C)

100

10
100

1000

Temperature

10000
Pressure (psi.a)

Effective H2O content of CO2 (lb/MMSCF)

00038_A_A

Effective H2O content of CO2 (lb/MMSCF)

Pressure

2009 - IFP Training

H2O CONTENT OF ACID GASES

Gasunie Method

Chart 5

Correction factor to be added to sweet gas water content (mg / Nm3)

400

300

200

100

Equivalent H2S content of gas (% mol)

(% eq.H2S = % H2S + 0.75 % CO2)
30
20
W acid gas = W H2S and CO2 Free gas + Correction factor
10

40C(104F)

Extrapolated

30C(86F)

20C(68F)
10C(50F)
0C(32F)

20
(290 psi.a)

40
(580 psi.a)

60
(870 psi.a)

80
(1 160 psi.a)

100
(1 450 psi.a)

2009 - IFP Training

120
(1 740 psi.a)

140 Pressure (bar.a)

(2030 psi.a)

00044_A_A

-10C(14F)
-20C(-4F)
-30C(-22F)