Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ELITE PARTIES
LOCAL NOTABLES
CLIENTELISTIC
MAS-BASED
Ideologically based,
pluralist:
CLASS-MASS
NATIONALIST
GOALS
ELECTORAL
STRATEGY
Traditional
elite
representing
geographicall
y defined
constituency
Defense of
particularistic
interests and
status quo
Gain votes
through appeals to
local interests and
authority of local
notables
Gain votes
through
hierarchical
structure linking
local to national
leaders and
through exchange
of particularistic
benefits
Vertical networks of
Rural constituencies, lower classes, less well
loyalty and exchange
educated, urban migrants
between voters and local
party elites; factional ties
and shared material
interests between local
and national elites
Mobilize working
class and build
political identity
with universalistic
appeals and
provision of group
benefits
Mass membership
organization with ties to
trade unions and
sometimes with ancillary
social organizations
Social change
for benefit of
working class
Defend
national
popular
classes
Ideologically based,
proto-hegemonic:
LENINIST AND
ULTRANATIONALIST
Religious-based:
DENOMINATIONAL
(PLURALIST)
FUNDAMENTALIST
(PROTOHEGEMONIC)
To seize
power and
implement its
ideologically
defined
program
Programmatic
: Defense of
core interests
of religious
adherents
Recruit, socialize
and mobilize core
constituency for
electoral and
extraparliamentar
y struggle for
power
Use of religious
organizations and
themes, and
distribution of
benefits, to
mobilize religious
Ideological:
adherents
Reorganizing Mobilize religious
state and
believers and
society around build religious
religious,
political identity
doctrinal
through
principles
invocation of
religious doctrine
and distribution of
Hierarchical
organization based on
religious authority with
extensive party and
ancillary organizations
established throughout
society
benefits
TYPES OF PARTIES
ETHNICITY-BASED
ETHNIC
CONGRESS
GOALS
ELECTORAL
STRATEGY
ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE &
LINKAGES
SOCIAL BASE
PARTICULARISTIC:
Defense and advance of
ethnic group interests
PARTICULARISTIC:
Contain social conflict
through sharing of power
and resources among
ethnic groups
ELECTORALIST
3
Coalition of distinct
ethnic, religious and
regional groups
CATCH-ALL
Maximize electoral
support through broad
aggregation of interests
PROGRAMATIC
Advancement of
programmatic or
ideological agenda
PERSONALISTIC
Acquisition or retention of
power by party leader
MOVEMENT PARTIES
LEFT-LIBERTARIAN
POSTINDUSTRIAL,
EXTREME RIGHT
Advancement of
postmaterialist agenda
Advancement of antiimmigrant, anti-social
welfare-state agenda
Organization primarily
around election
campaigns, otherwise
weak party organization;
weak and shifting linkages
with civil society
organizations
Same as catch-all
May be as heterogeneous
as catch-all (or may have
somewhat more defined
bases)
Diffuse but broader appeal
within lower classes
Well-educated
postmaterialists
Traditionalist
conservatives and antiimmigrant groups
Marin Roxana
SPE II