ARSLAN FAROOQ

M.COM (B) 2ND SEMESTER

Q:

What is the role of information system in the

development of
organization? Do you think the sub system of MIS have significant
impact on organization profitability.

ANS: To gain the maximum benefits from your company's information

system, you have to exploit all its capacities. Information systems
gain their importance by processing the data from company inputs to
generate information that is useful for managing your operations. To
increase the information system's effectiveness, you can either add
more data to make the information more accurate or use the
information in new ways.

Different application of information systems

1st role
Operation support system

An operational support system (OSS) is a set of programs that help a

communications service provider monitor, control, analyze and manage a
telephone or computer network. As the traditional voice telephone systems
converges
with packet-oriented
Internet
traffic
(including VoIP), broadband applications
such
as
teleconferencing
and DSL, more sophisticated systems like OSS are needed activities like
ordering and tracking network components (including IP addresses), usage
and traffic patterns, billing and reporting.

2nd role
Management support system
Management information system (MIS) subset that extends endusers information retrieval capabilities by generating what if scenarios
with query and analysis functions for searching a database and developing
other functions.

Management information system

A management information system (MIS) is a computerized database of
financial information organized and programmed in such a way that it
produces regular reports on operations for every level of management in a
company. It is usually also possible to obtain special reports from the
system easily

Decision support system

Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive software-based systems
intended to help managers in decision-making by accessing large volumes
of information generated from various related information systems involved
in organizational business processes, such as office automation system,
transaction processing system, etc.

DSS uses the summary information, exceptions, patterns, and trends

using the analytical models. A decision support system helps in decisionmaking but does not necessarily give a decision itself. The decision
makers compile useful information from raw data, documents, personal
knowledge, and/or business models to identify and solve problems and
make decisions.

Executive support system

Executive Support System (ESS) is a reporting tool (software) that allows
you to turn your organization's data into useful summarized reports. These
reports are generally used by executive level managers for quick access to
reports coming from all company levels and departments such as billing,
cost accounting , staffing, scheduling, and more.
In addition to providing quick access to organized data from departments,
some Executive Support System tools also provide analysis tools that
predicts a series of performance outcomes over time using the input data.
This type of ESS is useful to executives as it provides possible outcomes
and quick reference to statistics and numbers needed for decision-making.

Specialized processing system

(PS) are information systems characterized as functional business
systems, strategic information systems, knowledge management systems,
and expert systems.
It is important to realize that business applications of information systems in
the real world are typically integrated combinations of all these types of
information systems. In practice, all these different types and roles of

information systems are combined into integrated or Cross-Functional

Business Information Systems that provide a variety of functions. Thus,
most information systems are designed to produce information and support
decision making for various levels of management and business functions,
as well as perform record-keeping and transaction-processing chores.

Transaction processing system

A transaction processing system is an information system that records
company transactions (a transaction is defined as an exchange between
two or more business entities). A transaction processing system meets the
needs of operational managers; the output of the TPS becomes the input to
an MIS.

Process control system

operations support system also make routine decisions that control
operational process. Examples are automatic inventory reorder decisions
an production control decisions. This includes a category of information
systems, which decisions adjusting a physical production process are
automatically made by computers.

Enterprise collaboration system

Enterprise collaboration is a system of communication among corporate
employees

that

may

encompass

the

use

of

a collaboration

platform, enterprise social networking tools, a corporate intranet and the

public Internet.

3rd role
Expert system

Expert system is a somewhat archaic term that describes a computer

program that simulates the judgment and behavior of a human or an
organization that has expert knowledge and experience in a particular field

Knowledge management systems

A knowledge management system (KMS) is a system for applying and
using knowledge management principles. These include data-driven
objectives around business productivity, a competitive business model,
business
intelligence
analysis
and
more.
A knowledge management system is made up of different software
modules served by a central user interface. Some of these features can
allow for data mining on customer input and histories, along with the
provision or sharing of electronic documents. Knowledge management
systems can help with staff training and orientation, support better sales, or
help business leaders to make critical decisions.

Strategic information systems

The Journal of Strategic Information Systems focuses on the strategic
management, business and organizational issues associated with the
introduction and utilization of information systems, and considers these
issues in a global context. The emphasis is on the incorporation of IT into
organizations' strategic thinking, strategy alignment, organizational
arrangements and management of change issues.

Functional business systems

Any one of a variety of types of information systems (transaction
processing, management information,decision support, and so on) that
support the business functions of accounting, finance, marketing,
operationsmanagement, and human resource management